three.js/build/three.webgpu.js

/**
 * @license
 * Copyright 2010-2026 Three.js Authors
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 */
import { Color, Vector2, Vector3, Vector4, Matrix2, Matrix3, Matrix4, UnsignedIntType, IntType, error, RedFormat, RedIntegerFormat, DepthFormat, DepthStencilFormat, AlphaFormat, RGFormat, RGIntegerFormat, RGBFormat, RGBIntegerFormat, EventDispatcher, MathUtils, warn, WebGLCoordinateSystem, WebGPUCoordinateSystem, ColorManagement, SRGBTransfer, NoToneMapping, StaticDrawUsage, InterleavedBufferAttribute, InterleavedBuffer, DynamicDrawUsage, NoColorSpace, log as log$1, warnOnce, Texture, Compatibility, LessCompare, LessEqualCompare, GreaterCompare, GreaterEqualCompare, NearestFilter, Sphere, BackSide, DoubleSide, CubeTexture, CubeReflectionMapping, CubeRefractionMapping, TangentSpaceNormalMap, NoNormalPacking, NormalRGPacking, NormalGAPacking, ObjectSpaceNormalMap, RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, RG11_EAC_Format, InstancedBufferAttribute, InstancedInterleavedBuffer, DataArrayTexture, FloatType, FramebufferTexture, LinearMipmapLinearFilter, DepthTexture, Material, LineBasicMaterial, LineDashedMaterial, NoBlending, MeshNormalMaterial, SRGBColorSpace, RenderTarget, BoxGeometry, Mesh, Scene, LinearFilter, CubeCamera, EquirectangularReflectionMapping, EquirectangularRefractionMapping, AddOperation, MixOperation, MultiplyOperation, MeshBasicMaterial, MeshLambertMaterial, MeshPhongMaterial, DataTexture, HalfFloatType, ClampToEdgeWrapping, BufferGeometry, OrthographicCamera, PerspectiveCamera, LinearSRGBColorSpace, RGBAFormat, CubeUVReflectionMapping, BufferAttribute, MeshStandardMaterial, MeshPhysicalMaterial, MeshToonMaterial, MeshMatcapMaterial, SpriteMaterial, PointsMaterial, ShadowMaterial, Uint32BufferAttribute, Uint16BufferAttribute, ByteType, UnsignedByteType, ShortType, UnsignedShortType, UnsignedShort4444Type, UnsignedShort5551Type, UnsignedInt248Type, UnsignedInt5999Type, UnsignedInt101111Type, NormalBlending, SrcAlphaFactor, OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor, AddEquation, MaterialBlending, Object3D, LinearMipMapLinearFilter, Plane, Float32BufferAttribute, UVMapping, PCFShadowMap, VSMShadowMap, BasicShadowMap, CubeDepthTexture, SphereGeometry, LinearMipmapNearestFilter, NearestMipmapLinearFilter, Float16BufferAttribute, yieldToMain, REVISION, ArrayCamera, PlaneGeometry, FrontSide, CustomBlending, ZeroFactor, CylinderGeometry, Quaternion, WebXRController, RAD2DEG, PCFSoftShadowMap, FrustumArray, Frustum, RGBAIntegerFormat, TimestampQuery, createCanvasElement, ReverseSubtractEquation, SubtractEquation, OneMinusDstAlphaFactor, OneMinusDstColorFactor, OneMinusSrcColorFactor, DstAlphaFactor, DstColorFactor, SrcAlphaSaturateFactor, SrcColorFactor, OneFactor, CullFaceNone, CullFaceBack, CullFaceFront, MultiplyBlending, SubtractiveBlending, AdditiveBlending, NotEqualDepth, GreaterDepth, GreaterEqualDepth, EqualDepth, LessEqualDepth, LessDepth, AlwaysDepth, NeverDepth, ReversedDepthFuncs, RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format, RGB_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGB_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGB_ETC1_Format, RGB_ETC2_Format, RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format, R11_EAC_Format, SIGNED_R11_EAC_Format, SIGNED_RG11_EAC_Format, RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format, RGBA_BPTC_Format, RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_Format, RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_Format, RED_RGTC1_Format, SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_Format, SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, MirroredRepeatWrapping, RepeatWrapping, NearestMipmapNearestFilter, NotEqualCompare, EqualCompare, AlwaysCompare, NeverCompare, LinearTransfer, getByteLength, isTypedArray, NotEqualStencilFunc, GreaterStencilFunc, GreaterEqualStencilFunc, EqualStencilFunc, LessEqualStencilFunc, LessStencilFunc, AlwaysStencilFunc, NeverStencilFunc, DecrementWrapStencilOp, IncrementWrapStencilOp, DecrementStencilOp, IncrementStencilOp, InvertStencilOp, ReplaceStencilOp, ZeroStencilOp, KeepStencilOp, MaxEquation, MinEquation, SpotLight, PointLight, DirectionalLight, RectAreaLight, AmbientLight, HemisphereLight, LightProbe, LinearToneMapping, ReinhardToneMapping, CineonToneMapping, ACESFilmicToneMapping, AgXToneMapping, NeutralToneMapping, Group, Loader, FileLoader, MaterialLoader, ObjectLoader } from './three.core.js';
export { AdditiveAnimationBlendMode, AnimationAction, AnimationClip, AnimationLoader, AnimationMixer, AnimationObjectGroup, AnimationUtils, ArcCurve, ArrowHelper, AttachedBindMode, Audio, AudioAnalyser, AudioContext, AudioListener, AudioLoader, AxesHelper, BasicDepthPacking, BatchedMesh, BezierInterpolant, Bone, BooleanKeyframeTrack, Box2, Box3, Box3Helper, BoxHelper, BufferGeometryLoader, Cache, Camera, CameraHelper, CanvasTexture, CapsuleGeometry, CatmullRomCurve3, CircleGeometry, Clock, ColorKeyframeTrack, CompressedArrayTexture, CompressedCubeTexture, CompressedTexture, CompressedTextureLoader, ConeGeometry, ConstantAlphaFactor, ConstantColorFactor, Controls, CubeTextureLoader, CubicBezierCurve, CubicBezierCurve3, CubicInterpolant, CullFaceFrontBack, Curve, CurvePath, CustomToneMapping, Cylindrical, Data3DTexture, DataTextureLoader, DataUtils, DefaultLoadingManager, DetachedBindMode, DirectionalLightHelper, DiscreteInterpolant, DodecahedronGeometry, DynamicCopyUsage, DynamicReadUsage, EdgesGeometry, EllipseCurve, Euler, ExternalTexture, ExtrudeGeometry, Fog, FogExp2, GLBufferAttribute, GLSL1, GLSL3, GridHelper, HTMLTexture, HemisphereLightHelper, IcosahedronGeometry, ImageBitmapLoader, ImageLoader, ImageUtils, InstancedBufferGeometry, InstancedMesh, Int16BufferAttribute, Int32BufferAttribute, Int8BufferAttribute, Interpolant, InterpolateBezier, InterpolateDiscrete, InterpolateLinear, InterpolateSmooth, InterpolationSamplingMode, InterpolationSamplingType, KeyframeTrack, LOD, LatheGeometry, Layers, Light, Line, Line3, LineCurve, LineCurve3, LineLoop, LineSegments, LinearInterpolant, LinearMipMapNearestFilter, LoaderUtils, LoadingManager, LoopOnce, LoopPingPong, LoopRepeat, MOUSE, MeshDepthMaterial, MeshDistanceMaterial, NearestMipMapLinearFilter, NearestMipMapNearestFilter, NormalAnimationBlendMode, NumberKeyframeTrack, OctahedronGeometry, OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor, OneMinusConstantColorFactor, Path, PlaneHelper, PointLightHelper, Points, PolarGridHelper, PolyhedronGeometry, PositionalAudio, PropertyBinding, PropertyMixer, QuadraticBezierCurve, QuadraticBezierCurve3, QuaternionKeyframeTrack, QuaternionLinearInterpolant, RGBADepthPacking, RGBDepthPacking, RGDepthPacking, RawShaderMaterial, Ray, Raycaster, RenderTarget3D, RingGeometry, ShaderMaterial, Shape, ShapeGeometry, ShapePath, ShapeUtils, Skeleton, SkeletonHelper, SkinnedMesh, Source, Spherical, SphericalHarmonics3, SplineCurve, SpotLightHelper, Sprite, StaticCopyUsage, StaticReadUsage, StereoCamera, StreamCopyUsage, StreamDrawUsage, StreamReadUsage, StringKeyframeTrack, TOUCH, TetrahedronGeometry, TextureLoader, TextureUtils, Timer, TorusGeometry, TorusKnotGeometry, Triangle, TriangleFanDrawMode, TriangleStripDrawMode, TrianglesDrawMode, TubeGeometry, Uint8BufferAttribute, Uint8ClampedBufferAttribute, Uniform, UniformsGroup, VectorKeyframeTrack, VideoFrameTexture, VideoTexture, WebGL3DRenderTarget, WebGLArrayRenderTarget, WebGLRenderTarget, WireframeGeometry, WrapAroundEnding, ZeroCurvatureEnding, ZeroSlopeEnding, getConsoleFunction, setConsoleFunction } from './three.core.js';

const refreshUniforms = [
	'alphaMap',
	'alphaTest',
	'anisotropy',
	'anisotropyMap',
	'anisotropyRotation',
	'aoMap',
	'aoMapIntensity',
	'attenuationColor',
	'attenuationDistance',
	'bumpMap',
	'clearcoat',
	'clearcoatMap',
	'clearcoatNormalMap',
	'clearcoatNormalScale',
	'clearcoatRoughness',
	'color',
	'dispersion',
	'displacementMap',
	'emissive',
	'emissiveIntensity',
	'emissiveMap',
	'envMap',
	'envMapIntensity',
	'envMapRotation',
	'gradientMap',
	'ior',
	'iridescence',
	'iridescenceIOR',
	'iridescenceMap',
	'iridescenceThicknessMap',
	'lightMap',
	'lightMapIntensity',
	'map',
	'matcap',
	'metalness',
	'metalnessMap',
	'normalMap',
	'normalScale',
	'opacity',
	'roughness',
	'roughnessMap',
	'sheen',
	'sheenColor',
	'sheenColorMap',
	'sheenRoughnessMap',
	'shininess',
	'specular',
	'specularColor',
	'specularColorMap',
	'specularIntensity',
	'specularIntensityMap',
	'specularMap',
	'thickness',
	'transmission',
	'transmissionMap'
];


/**
 * A WeakMap to cache lights data for node materials.
 * Cache lights data by render ID to avoid unnecessary recalculations.
 *
 * @private
 * @type {WeakMap<LightsNode,Object>}
 */
const _lightsCache = new WeakMap();

/**
 * Holds the material data for comparison.
 *
 * @private
 * @type {WeakMap<Material,Object>}
 */
const _materialCache = new WeakMap();

/**
 * Holds the geometry data for comparison.
 *
 * @private
 * @type {WeakMap<BufferGeometry,Object>}
 */
const _geometryCache = new WeakMap();

/**
 * This class is used by {@link WebGPURenderer} as management component.
 * It's primary purpose is to determine whether render objects require a
 * refresh right before they are going to be rendered or not.
 */
class NodeMaterialObserver {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node material observer.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 */
	constructor( builder ) {

		/**
		 * A node material can be used by more than one render object so the
		 * monitor must maintain a list of render objects.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<RenderObject,Object>}
		 */
		this.renderObjects = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * Whether the material uses node objects or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this.hasNode = this.containsNode( builder );

		/**
		 * Whether the node builder's 3D object is animated or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this.hasAnimation = builder.object.isSkinnedMesh === true;

		/**
		 * A list of all possible material uniforms
		 *
		 * @type {Array<string>}
		 */
		this.refreshUniforms = refreshUniforms;

		/**
		 * Holds the current render ID from the node frame.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.renderId = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given render object is verified for the first time of this observer.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given render object is verified for the first time of this observer.
	 */
	firstInitialization( renderObject ) {

		const hasInitialized = this.renderObjects.has( renderObject );

		if ( hasInitialized === false ) {

			this.getRenderObjectData( renderObject );

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the current rendering produces motion vectors.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the current rendering produces motion vectors or not.
	 */
	needsVelocity( renderer ) {

		const mrt = renderer.getMRT();

		return ( mrt !== null && mrt.has( 'velocity' ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns monitoring data for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {Object} The monitoring data.
	 */
	getRenderObjectData( renderObject ) {

		let data = this.renderObjects.get( renderObject );

		if ( data === undefined ) {

			const { geometry, object } = renderObject;

			data = {
				geometryId: geometry.id,
				worldMatrix: object.matrixWorld.clone()
			};

			if ( object.center ) {

				data.center = object.center.clone();

			}

			if ( object.morphTargetInfluences ) {

				data.morphTargetInfluences = object.morphTargetInfluences.slice();

			}

			if ( renderObject.bundle !== null ) {

				data.version = renderObject.bundle.version;

			}

			if ( renderObject.material.transmission > 0 ) {

				const { width, height } = renderObject.context;

				data.bufferWidth = width;
				data.bufferHeight = height;

			}

			const { environmentIntensity, environmentRotation } = renderObject.scene;

			data.environmentIntensity = environmentIntensity;
			data.environmentRotation = environmentRotation.clone();

			data.lights = this.getLightsData( renderObject.lightsNode.getBuiltinLights(), [] );

			this.renderObjects.set( renderObject, data );

		}

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an attribute data structure holding the attributes versions for
	 * monitoring.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} attributes - The geometry attributes.
	 * @return {Object} An object for monitoring the versions of attributes.
	 */
	getAttributesData( attributes ) {

		const attributesData = {};

		for ( const name in attributes ) {

			const attribute = attributes[ name ];

			attributesData[ name ] = {
				id: attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data.uuid : attribute.id,
				version: attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data.version : attribute.version,
			};

		}

		return attributesData;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the node builder's material uses
	 * node properties.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the node builder's material uses node properties or not.
	 */
	containsNode( builder ) {

		const material = builder.material;

		for ( const property in material ) {

			if ( material[ property ] && material[ property ].isNode )
				return true;

		}

		if ( builder.context.modelViewMatrix || builder.context.modelNormalViewMatrix || builder.context.getAO || builder.context.getShadow )
			return true;

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a geometry data structure holding the geometry property values for
	 * monitoring.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry.
	 * @return {Object} An object for monitoring geometry properties.
	 */
	getGeometryData( geometry ) {

		let data = _geometryCache.get( geometry );

		if ( data === undefined ) {

			data = {
				_renderId: -1,
				_equal: false,

				attributes: this.getAttributesData( geometry.attributes ),
				indexId: geometry.index ? geometry.index.id : null,
				indexVersion: geometry.index ? geometry.index.version : null,
				drawRange: { start: geometry.drawRange.start, count: geometry.drawRange.count }
			};

			_geometryCache.set( geometry, data );

		}

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a material data structure holding the material property values for
	 * monitoring.
	 *
	 * @param {Material} material - The material.
	 * @return {Object} An object for monitoring material properties.
	 */
	getMaterialData( material ) {

		let data = _materialCache.get( material );

		if ( data === undefined ) {

			data = { _renderId: -1, _equal: false };

			for ( const property of this.refreshUniforms ) {

				const value = material[ property ];

				if ( value === null || value === undefined ) continue;

				if ( typeof value === 'object' && value.clone !== undefined ) {

					if ( value.isTexture === true ) {

						data[ property ] = { id: value.id, version: 0 };

					} else {

						data[ property ] = value.clone();

					}

				} else {

					data[ property ] = value;

				}

			}

			_materialCache.set( material, data );

		}

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given render object has not changed its state.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Array<Light>} lightsData - The current material lights.
	 * @param {number} renderId - The current render ID.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given render object is equal to its cached state or not.
	 */
	equals( renderObject, lightsData, renderId ) {

		const { object, material, geometry } = renderObject;

		const renderObjectData = this.getRenderObjectData( renderObject );

		// world matrix

		if ( renderObjectData.worldMatrix.equals( object.matrixWorld ) !== true ) {

			renderObjectData.worldMatrix.copy( object.matrixWorld );

			return false;

		}

		// material

		const materialData = this.getMaterialData( renderObject.material );

		// check the material for the "equal" state just once per render for all render objects

		if ( materialData._renderId !== renderId ) {

			materialData._renderId = renderId;

			for ( const property in materialData ) {

				const value = materialData[ property ];
				const mtlValue = material[ property ];

				if ( property === '_renderId' ) continue;
				if ( property === '_equal' ) continue;

				if ( value.equals !== undefined ) {

					if ( value.equals( mtlValue ) === false ) {

						value.copy( mtlValue );

						materialData._equal = false;
						return false;

					}

				} else if ( mtlValue.isTexture === true ) {

					if ( value.id !== mtlValue.id || value.version !== mtlValue.version ) {

						value.id = mtlValue.id;
						value.version = mtlValue.version;

						materialData._equal = false;
						return false;

					}

				} else if ( value !== mtlValue ) {

					materialData[ property ] = mtlValue;

					materialData._equal = false;
					return false;

				}

			}

			if ( materialData.transmission > 0 ) {

				const { width, height } = renderObject.context;

				if ( renderObjectData.bufferWidth !== width || renderObjectData.bufferHeight !== height ) {

					renderObjectData.bufferWidth = width;
					renderObjectData.bufferHeight = height;

					materialData._equal = false;
					return false;

				}

			}

			materialData._equal = true;

		} else {

			if ( materialData._equal === false ) return false;

		}

		// geometry

		if ( renderObjectData.geometryId !== geometry.id ) {

			renderObjectData.geometryId = geometry.id;
			return false;

		}

		const geometryData = this.getGeometryData( renderObject.geometry );

		// check the geoemtry for the "equal" state just once per render for all render objects

		if ( geometryData._renderId !== renderId ) {

			geometryData._renderId = renderId;

			// attributes

			const attributes = geometry.attributes;
			const storedAttributes = geometryData.attributes;

			let currentAttributeCount = 0;
			let storedAttributeCount = 0;

			for ( const _ in attributes ) currentAttributeCount ++; // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars

			for ( const name in storedAttributes ) {

				storedAttributeCount ++;

				const storedAttributeData = storedAttributes[ name ];
				const attribute = attributes[ name ];

				if ( attribute === undefined ) {

					// attribute was removed
					delete storedAttributes[ name ];

					geometryData._equal = false;
					return false;

				}

				const id = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data.uuid : attribute.id;
				const version = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data.version : attribute.version;

				if ( storedAttributeData.id !== id || storedAttributeData.version !== version ) {

					storedAttributeData.id = id;
					storedAttributeData.version = version;

					geometryData._equal = false;
					return false;

				}

			}

			if ( storedAttributeCount !== currentAttributeCount ) {

				geometryData.attributes = this.getAttributesData( attributes );

				geometryData._equal = false;
				return false;

			}

			// check index

			const index = geometry.index;
			const storedIndexId = geometryData.indexId;
			const storedIndexVersion = geometryData.indexVersion;
			const currentIndexId = index ? index.id : null;
			const currentIndexVersion = index ? index.version : null;

			if ( storedIndexId !== currentIndexId || storedIndexVersion !== currentIndexVersion ) {

				geometryData.indexId = currentIndexId;
				geometryData.indexVersion = currentIndexVersion;

				geometryData._equal = false;
				return false;

			}

			// check drawRange

			if ( geometryData.drawRange.start !== geometry.drawRange.start || geometryData.drawRange.count !== geometry.drawRange.count ) {

				geometryData.drawRange.start = geometry.drawRange.start;
				geometryData.drawRange.count = geometry.drawRange.count;

				geometryData._equal = false;
				return false;

			}

			geometryData._equal = true;

		} else {

			if ( geometryData._equal === false ) return false;

		}

		// morph targets

		if ( renderObjectData.morphTargetInfluences ) {

			let morphChanged = false;

			for ( let i = 0; i < renderObjectData.morphTargetInfluences.length; i ++ ) {

				if ( renderObjectData.morphTargetInfluences[ i ] !== object.morphTargetInfluences[ i ] ) {

					renderObjectData.morphTargetInfluences[ i ] = object.morphTargetInfluences[ i ];
					morphChanged = true;

				}

			}

			if ( morphChanged ) return false;

		}

		// lights

		if ( renderObjectData.lights ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < lightsData.length; i ++ ) {

				if ( renderObjectData.lights[ i ].map !== lightsData[ i ].map ) {

					return false;

				}

			}

		}

		// scene

		const scene = renderObject.scene;

		if ( scene.environment !== null && material.envMap === null ) {

			if ( renderObjectData.environmentIntensity !== scene.environmentIntensity ||
					renderObjectData.environmentRotation.equals( scene.environmentRotation ) === false ) {

				renderObjectData.environmentIntensity = scene.environmentIntensity;
				renderObjectData.environmentRotation.copy( scene.environmentRotation );

				return false;

			}

		}

		// center

		if ( renderObjectData.center ) {

			if ( renderObjectData.center.equals( object.center ) === false ) {

				renderObjectData.center.copy( object.center );

				return false;

			}

		}

		// bundle

		if ( renderObject.bundle !== null ) {

			renderObjectData.version = renderObject.bundle.version;

		}

		return true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the lights data for the given material lights.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Light>} materialLights - The material lights.
	 * @return {Array<Object>} The lights data for the given material lights.
	 */
	getLightsData( materialLights, lights ) {

		lights.length = 0;

		for ( const light of materialLights ) {

			if ( light.isSpotLight === true && light.map !== null ) {

				// only add lights that have a map

				lights.push( { map: light.map.version } );

			}

		}

		return lights;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the lights for the given lights node and render ID.
	 *
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The lights node.
	 * @param {number} renderId - The render ID.
	 * @return {Array<Object>} The lights for the given lights node and render ID.
	 */
	getLights( lightsNode, renderId ) {

		let cached = _lightsCache.get( lightsNode );

		if ( cached === undefined ) {

			cached = { renderId: -1, lightsData: [] };
			_lightsCache.set( lightsNode, cached );

		}

		if ( cached.renderId === renderId ) {

			return cached.lightsData;

		}

		cached.renderId = renderId;
		this.getLightsData( lightsNode.getBuiltinLights(), cached.lightsData );

		return cached.lightsData;

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given render object requires a refresh.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {NodeFrame} nodeFrame - The current node frame.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given render object requires a refresh or not.
	 */
	needsRefresh( renderObject, nodeFrame ) {

		if ( this.hasNode || this.hasAnimation || this.firstInitialization( renderObject ) || this.needsVelocity( nodeFrame.renderer ) )
			return true;

		const { renderId } = nodeFrame;

		if ( this.renderId !== renderId ) {

			this.renderId = renderId;

			return true;

		}

		const isStatic = renderObject.object.static === true;
		const isBundle = renderObject.bundle !== null && renderObject.bundle.static === true && this.getRenderObjectData( renderObject ).version === renderObject.bundle.version;

		if ( isStatic || isBundle )
			return false;

		const lightsData = this.getLights( renderObject.lightsNode, renderId );
		const notEqual = this.equals( renderObject, lightsData, renderId ) !== true;

		return notEqual;

	}

}

// Pre-compiled RegExp patterns for ignored files
const IGNORED_FILES = [
	/^StackTrace\.js$/,
	/^TSLCore\.js$/,
	/^.*Node\.js$/,
	/^three\.webgpu.*\.js$/
];

/**
 * Parses the stack trace and filters out ignored files.
 * Returns an array with function name, file, line, and column.
 */
function getFilteredStack( stack ) {

	// Pattern to extract function name, file, line, and column from different browsers
	// Chrome: "at functionName (file.js:1:2)" or "at file.js:1:2"
	// Firefox: "functionName@file.js:1:2"
	const regex = /(?:at\s+(.+?)\s+\()?(?:(.+?)@)?([^@\s()]+):(\d+):(\d+)/;

	return stack.split( '\n' )
		.map( line => {

			const match = line.match( regex );
			if ( ! match ) return null; // Skip if line format is invalid

			// Chrome: match[1], Firefox: match[2]
			const fn = match[ 1 ] || match[ 2 ] || '';
			const file = match[ 3 ].split( '?' )[ 0 ]; // Clean file name (Vite/HMR)
			const lineNum = parseInt( match[ 4 ], 10 );
			const column = parseInt( match[ 5 ], 10 );

			// Extract only the filename from full path
			const fileName = file.split( '/' ).pop();

			return {
				fn: fn,
				file: fileName,
				line: lineNum,
				column: column
			};

		} )
		.filter( frame => {

			// Only keep frames that are valid and not in the ignore list
			return frame && ! IGNORED_FILES.some( regex => regex.test( frame.file ) );

		} );

}

/**
 * Class representing a stack trace for debugging purposes.
 */
class StackTrace {

	/**
	 * Creates a StackTrace instance by capturing and filtering the current stack trace.
	 *
	 * @param {Error|string|null} stackMessage - An optional stack trace to use instead of capturing a new one.
	 */
	constructor( stackMessage = null ) {

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStackTrace = true;

		/**
		 * The stack trace.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<{fn: string, file: string, line: number, column: number}>}
		 */
		this.stack = getFilteredStack( stackMessage ? stackMessage : new Error().stack );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a formatted location string of the top stack frame.
	 *
	 * @returns {string} The formatted stack trace message.
	 */
	getLocation() {

		if ( this.stack.length === 0 ) {

			return '[Unknown location]';

		}

		const mainStack = this.stack[ 0 ];

		const fn = mainStack.fn;
		const fnName = fn ? `"${ fn }()" at ` : '';

		return `${fnName}"${mainStack.file}:${mainStack.line}"`; // :${mainStack.column}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the full error message including the stack trace.
	 *
	 * @param {string} message - The error message.
	 * @returns {string} The full error message with stack trace.
	 */
	getError( message ) {

		if ( this.stack.length === 0 ) {

			return message;

		}

		// Output: "Error: message\n    at functionName (file.js:line:column)"
		const stackString = this.stack.map( frame => {

			const location = `${ frame.file }:${ frame.line }:${ frame.column }`;

			if ( frame.fn ) {

				return `    at ${ frame.fn } (${ location })`;

			}

			return `    at ${ location }`;

		} ).join( '\n' );

		return `${ message }\n${ stackString }`;

	}

}

// cyrb53 (c) 2018 bryc (github.com/bryc). License: Public domain. Attribution appreciated.
// A fast and simple 64-bit (or 53-bit) string hash function with decent collision resistance.
// Largely inspired by MurmurHash2/3, but with a focus on speed/simplicity.
// See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7616461/generate-a-hash-from-string-in-javascript/52171480#52171480
// https://github.com/bryc/code/blob/master/jshash/experimental/cyrb53.js
function cyrb53( value, seed = 0 ) {

	let h1 = 0xdeadbeef ^ seed, h2 = 0x41c6ce57 ^ seed;

	if ( Array.isArray( value ) ) {

		for ( let i = 0, val; i < value.length; i ++ ) {

			val = value[ i ];
			h1 = Math.imul( h1 ^ val, 2654435761 );
			h2 = Math.imul( h2 ^ val, 1597334677 );

		}

	} else {

		for ( let i = 0, ch; i < value.length; i ++ ) {

			ch = value.charCodeAt( i );
			h1 = Math.imul( h1 ^ ch, 2654435761 );
			h2 = Math.imul( h2 ^ ch, 1597334677 );

		}

	}

	h1 = Math.imul( h1 ^ ( h1 >>> 16 ), 2246822507 );
	h1 ^= Math.imul( h2 ^ ( h2 >>> 13 ), 3266489909 );
	h2 = Math.imul( h2 ^ ( h2 >>> 16 ), 2246822507 );
	h2 ^= Math.imul( h1 ^ ( h1 >>> 13 ), 3266489909 );

	return 4294967296 * ( 2097151 & h2 ) + ( h1 >>> 0 );

}

/**
 * Computes a hash for the given string.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {string} str - The string to be hashed.
 * @return {number} The hash.
 */
const hashString = ( str ) => cyrb53( str );

/**
 * Computes a hash for the given array.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {Array<number>} array - The array to be hashed.
 * @return {number} The hash.
 */
const hashArray = ( array ) => cyrb53( array );

/**
 * Computes a hash for the given list of parameters.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {...number} params - A list of parameters.
 * @return {number} The hash.
 */
const hash$1 = ( ...params ) => cyrb53( params );

const typeFromLength = /*@__PURE__*/ new Map( [
	[ 1, 'float' ],
	[ 2, 'vec2' ],
	[ 3, 'vec3' ],
	[ 4, 'vec4' ],
	[ 9, 'mat3' ],
	[ 16, 'mat4' ]
] );

const dataFromObject = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * Returns the data type for the given the length.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {number} length - The length.
 * @return {string} The data type.
 */
function getTypeFromLength( length ) {

	return typeFromLength.get( length );

}

/**
 * Returns the typed array for the given data type.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {string} type - The data type.
 * @return {TypedArray} The typed array.
 */
function getTypedArrayFromType( type ) {

	// Handle component type for vectors and matrices
	if ( /[iu]?vec\d/.test( type ) ) {

		// Handle int vectors
		if ( type.startsWith( 'ivec' ) ) return Int32Array;
		// Handle uint vectors
		if ( type.startsWith( 'uvec' ) ) return Uint32Array;
		// Default to float vectors
		return Float32Array;

	}

	// Handle matrices (always float)
	if ( /mat\d/.test( type ) ) return Float32Array;

	// Basic types
	if ( /float/.test( type ) ) return Float32Array;
	if ( /uint/.test( type ) ) return Uint32Array;
	if ( /int/.test( type ) ) return Int32Array;

	throw new Error( `THREE.NodeUtils: Unsupported type: ${type}` );

}

/**
 * Returns the length for the given data type.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {string} type - The data type.
 * @return {number} The length.
 */
function getLengthFromType( type ) {

	if ( /float|int|uint|bool/.test( type ) ) return 1;
	if ( /vec2/.test( type ) ) return 2;
	if ( /vec3/.test( type ) ) return 3;
	if ( /vec4/.test( type ) ) return 4;
	if ( /mat2/.test( type ) ) return 4;
	if ( /mat3/.test( type ) ) return 9;
	if ( /mat4/.test( type ) ) return 16;

	error( `TSL: Unsupported type: ${ type }`, new StackTrace() );

}

/**
 * Returns the gpu memory length for the given data type in 4-byte elements.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {string} type - The data type.
 * @return {number} The memory length in 4-byte elements.
 */
function getMemoryLengthFromType( type ) {

	if ( /float|int|uint|bool/.test( type ) ) return 1;
	if ( /vec2/.test( type ) ) return 2;
	if ( /vec3/.test( type ) ) return 3;
	if ( /vec4/.test( type ) ) return 4;
	if ( /mat2/.test( type ) ) return 4;
	if ( /mat3/.test( type ) ) return 12;
	if ( /mat4/.test( type ) ) return 16;

	error( `TSL: Unsupported type: ${ type }`, new StackTrace() );

}

/**
 * Returns the alignment requirement for the given data type in 4-byte elements.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {string} type - The data type.
 * @return {number} The alignment requirement in 4-byte elements.
 */
function getAlignmentFromType( type ) {

	if ( /float|int|uint|bool/.test( type ) ) return 1;
	if ( /vec2/.test( type ) ) return 2;
	if ( /vec3/.test( type ) ) return 4;
	if ( /vec4/.test( type ) ) return 4;
	if ( /mat2/.test( type ) ) return 2;
	if ( /mat3/.test( type ) ) return 4;
	if ( /mat4/.test( type ) ) return 4;

	error( `TSL: Unsupported type: ${ type }`, new StackTrace() );

}

/**
 * Returns the data type for the given value.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {any} value - The value.
 * @return {?string} The data type.
 */
function getValueType( value ) {

	if ( value === undefined || value === null ) return null;

	const typeOf = typeof value;

	if ( value.isNode === true ) {

		return 'node';

	} else if ( typeOf === 'number' ) {

		return 'float';

	} else if ( typeOf === 'boolean' ) {

		return 'bool';

	} else if ( typeOf === 'string' ) {

		return 'string';

	} else if ( typeOf === 'function' ) {

		return 'shader';

	} else if ( value.isVector2 === true ) {

		return 'vec2';

	} else if ( value.isVector3 === true ) {

		return 'vec3';

	} else if ( value.isVector4 === true ) {

		return 'vec4';

	} else if ( value.isMatrix2 === true ) {

		return 'mat2';

	} else if ( value.isMatrix3 === true ) {

		return 'mat3';

	} else if ( value.isMatrix4 === true ) {

		return 'mat4';

	} else if ( value.isColor === true ) {

		return 'color';

	} else if ( value instanceof ArrayBuffer ) {

		return 'ArrayBuffer';

	}

	return null;

}

/**
 * Returns the node data type for the given texture.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
 * @return {string} The data type.
 */
function getTextureType( texture ) {

	if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true ) {

		return 'float';

	}

	const format = texture.format;

	let length;

	if ( format === RedFormat || format === RedIntegerFormat || format === DepthFormat || format === DepthStencilFormat || format === AlphaFormat ) {

		length = 1;

	} else if ( format === RGFormat || format === RGIntegerFormat ) {

		length = 2;

	} else if ( format === RGBFormat || format === RGBIntegerFormat ) {

		length = 3;

	} else {

		length = 4;

	}

	let componentType;

	if ( texture.type === UnsignedIntType ) {

		componentType = 'uint';

	} else if ( texture.type === IntType ) {

		componentType = 'int';

	} else {

		componentType = 'float';

	}

	if ( length === 1 ) return componentType;

	let baseType = getTypeFromLength( length );

	if ( componentType !== 'float' ) {

		baseType = componentType[ 0 ] + baseType;

	}

	return baseType;

}

/**
 * Returns the value/object for the given data type and parameters.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {string} type - The given type.
 * @param {...any} params - A parameter list.
 * @return {any} The value/object.
 */
function getValueFromType( type, ...params ) {

	const last4 = type ? type.slice( -4 ) : undefined;

	if ( params.length === 1 ) { // ensure same behaviour as in NodeBuilder.format()

		if ( last4 === 'vec2' ) params = [ params[ 0 ], params[ 0 ] ];
		else if ( last4 === 'vec3' ) params = [ params[ 0 ], params[ 0 ], params[ 0 ] ];
		else if ( last4 === 'vec4' ) params = [ params[ 0 ], params[ 0 ], params[ 0 ], params[ 0 ] ];

	}

	if ( type === 'color' ) {

		return new Color( ...params );

	} else if ( last4 === 'vec2' ) {

		return new Vector2( ...params );

	} else if ( last4 === 'vec3' ) {

		return new Vector3( ...params );

	} else if ( last4 === 'vec4' ) {

		return new Vector4( ...params );

	} else if ( last4 === 'mat2' ) {

		return new Matrix2( ...params );

	} else if ( last4 === 'mat3' ) {

		return new Matrix3( ...params );

	} else if ( last4 === 'mat4' ) {

		return new Matrix4( ...params );

	} else if ( type === 'bool' ) {

		return params[ 0 ] || false;

	} else if ( ( type === 'float' ) || ( type === 'int' ) || ( type === 'uint' ) ) {

		return params[ 0 ] || 0;

	} else if ( type === 'string' ) {

		return params[ 0 ] || '';

	} else if ( type === 'ArrayBuffer' ) {

		return base64ToArrayBuffer( params[ 0 ] );

	}

	return null;

}

/**
 * Gets the object data that can be shared between different rendering steps.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Object} object - The object to get the data for.
 * @return {Object} The object data.
 */
function getDataFromObject( object ) {

	let data = dataFromObject.get( object );

	if ( data === undefined ) {

		data = {};
		dataFromObject.set( object, data );

	}

	return data;

}

/**
 * Converts the given array buffer to a Base64 string.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {ArrayBuffer} arrayBuffer - The array buffer.
 * @return {string} The Base64 string.
 */
function arrayBufferToBase64( arrayBuffer ) {

	let chars = '';

	const array = new Uint8Array( arrayBuffer );

	for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

		chars += String.fromCharCode( array[ i ] );

	}

	return btoa( chars );

}

/**
 * Converts the given Base64 string to an array buffer.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {string} base64 - The Base64 string.
 * @return {ArrayBuffer} The array buffer.
 */
function base64ToArrayBuffer( base64 ) {

	return Uint8Array.from( atob( base64 ), c => c.charCodeAt( 0 ) ).buffer;

}

var NodeUtils = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
	__proto__: null,
	arrayBufferToBase64: arrayBufferToBase64,
	base64ToArrayBuffer: base64ToArrayBuffer,
	getAlignmentFromType: getAlignmentFromType,
	getDataFromObject: getDataFromObject,
	getLengthFromType: getLengthFromType,
	getMemoryLengthFromType: getMemoryLengthFromType,
	getTextureType: getTextureType,
	getTypeFromLength: getTypeFromLength,
	getTypedArrayFromType: getTypedArrayFromType,
	getValueFromType: getValueFromType,
	getValueType: getValueType,
	hash: hash$1,
	hashArray: hashArray,
	hashString: hashString
});

/**
 * Possible shader stages.
 *
 * @property {string} VERTEX The vertex shader stage.
 * @property {string} FRAGMENT The fragment shader stage.
 */
const NodeShaderStage = {
	VERTEX: 'vertex',
	FRAGMENT: 'fragment'
};

/**
 * Update types of a node.
 *
 * @property {string} NONE The update method is not executed.
 * @property {string} FRAME The update method is executed per frame.
 * @property {string} RENDER The update method is executed per render. A frame might be produced by multiple render calls so this value allows more detailed updates than FRAME.
 * @property {string} OBJECT The update method is executed per {@link Object3D} that uses the node for rendering.
 */
const NodeUpdateType = {
	NONE: 'none',
	FRAME: 'frame',
	RENDER: 'render',
	OBJECT: 'object'
};

/**
 * Data types of a node.
 *
 * @property {string} BOOLEAN Boolean type.
 * @property {string} INTEGER Integer type.
 * @property {string} FLOAT Float type.
 * @property {string} VECTOR2 Two-dimensional vector type.
 * @property {string} VECTOR3 Three-dimensional vector type.
 * @property {string} VECTOR4 Four-dimensional vector type.
 * @property {string} MATRIX2 2x2 matrix type.
 * @property {string} MATRIX3 3x3 matrix type.
 * @property {string} MATRIX4 4x4 matrix type.
 */
const NodeType = {
	BOOLEAN: 'bool',
	INTEGER: 'int',
	FLOAT: 'float',
	VECTOR2: 'vec2',
	VECTOR3: 'vec3',
	VECTOR4: 'vec4',
	MATRIX2: 'mat2',
	MATRIX3: 'mat3',
	MATRIX4: 'mat4'
};

/**
 * Access types of a node. These are relevant for compute and storage usage.
 *
 * @property {string} READ_ONLY Read-only access
 * @property {string} WRITE_ONLY Write-only access.
 * @property {string} READ_WRITE Read and write access.
 */
const NodeAccess = {
	READ_ONLY: 'readOnly',
	WRITE_ONLY: 'writeOnly',
	READ_WRITE: 'readWrite',
};

const defaultShaderStages = [ 'fragment', 'vertex' ];
const defaultBuildStages = [ 'setup', 'analyze', 'generate' ];
const shaderStages = [ ...defaultShaderStages, 'compute' ];
const vectorComponents = [ 'x', 'y', 'z', 'w' ];

const _parentBuildStage = {
	analyze: 'setup',
	generate: 'analyze'
};

let _nodeId = 0;

/**
 * Base class for all nodes.
 *
 * @augments EventDispatcher
 */
class Node extends EventDispatcher {

	static get type() {

		return 'Node';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node.
	 *
	 * @param {?string} nodeType - The node type.
	 */
	constructor( nodeType = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node type. This represents the result type of the node (e.g. `float` or `vec3`).
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.nodeType = nodeType;

		/**
		 * The update type of the node's {@link Node#update} method. Possible values are listed in {@link NodeUpdateType}.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'none'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.NONE;

		/**
		 * The update type of the node's {@link Node#updateBefore} method. Possible values are listed in {@link NodeUpdateType}.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'none'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.NONE;

		/**
		 * The update type of the node's {@link Node#updateAfter} method. Possible values are listed in {@link NodeUpdateType}.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'none'
		 */
		this.updateAfterType = NodeUpdateType.NONE;

		/**
		 * The version of the node. The version automatically is increased when {@link Node#needsUpdate} is set to `true`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.version = 0;

		/**
		 * The name of the node.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.name = '';

		/**
		 * Whether this node is global or not. This property is relevant for the internal
		 * node caching system. All nodes which should be declared just once should
		 * set this flag to `true` (a typical example is {@link AttributeNode}).
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.global = false;

		/**
		 * Create a list of parents for this node during the build process.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.parents = false;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNode = true;

		// private

		this._beforeNodes = null;

		/**
		 * The cache key of this node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._cacheKey = null;

		/**
		 * The UUID of the node.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default null
		 * @private
		 */
		this._uuid = null;

		/**
		 * The cache key's version.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this._cacheKeyVersion = 0;

		/**
		 * The unique ID of the node.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.id = _nodeId ++;

		/**
		 * The stack trace of the node for debugging purposes.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.stackTrace = null;

		if ( Node.captureStackTrace === true ) {

			this.stackTrace = new StackTrace();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Set this property to `true` when the node should be regenerated.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default false
	 * @param {boolean} value
	 */
	set needsUpdate( value ) {

		if ( value === true ) {

			this.version ++;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The UUID of the node.
	 *
	 * @type {string}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get uuid() {

		if ( this._uuid === null ) {

			this._uuid = MathUtils.generateUUID();

		}

		return this._uuid;

	}

	/**
	 * The type of the class. The value is usually the constructor name.
	 *
	 * @type {string}
 	 * @readonly
	 */
	get type() {

		return this.constructor.type;

	}

	/**
	 * Convenient method for defining {@link Node#update}.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The update method.
	 * @param {string} updateType - The update type.
	 * @return {Node} A reference to this node.
	 */
	onUpdate( callback, updateType ) {

		this.updateType = updateType;
		this.update = callback.bind( this );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Convenient method for defining {@link Node#update}. Similar to {@link Node#onUpdate}, but
	 * this method automatically sets the update type to `FRAME`.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The update method.
	 * @return {Node} A reference to this node.
	 */
	onFrameUpdate( callback ) {

		return this.onUpdate( callback, NodeUpdateType.FRAME );

	}

	/**
	 * Convenient method for defining {@link Node#update}. Similar to {@link Node#onUpdate}, but
	 * this method automatically sets the update type to `RENDER`.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The update method.
	 * @return {Node} A reference to this node.
	 */
	onRenderUpdate( callback ) {

		return this.onUpdate( callback, NodeUpdateType.RENDER );

	}

	/**
	 * Convenient method for defining {@link Node#update}. Similar to {@link Node#onUpdate}, but
	 * this method automatically sets the update type to `OBJECT`.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The update method.
	 * @return {Node} A reference to this node.
	 */
	onObjectUpdate( callback ) {

		return this.onUpdate( callback, NodeUpdateType.OBJECT );

	}

	/**
	 * Convenient method for defining {@link Node#updateReference}.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The update method.
	 * @return {Node} A reference to this node.
	 */
	onReference( callback ) {

		this.updateReference = callback.bind( this );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Nodes might refer to other objects like materials. This method allows to dynamically update the reference
	 * to such objects based on a given state (e.g. the current node frame or builder).
	 *
	 * @param {any} state - This method can be invocated in different contexts so `state` can refer to any object type.
	 * @return {any} The updated reference.
	 */
	updateReference( /*state*/ ) {

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * By default this method returns the value of the {@link Node#global} flag. This method
	 * can be overwritten in derived classes if an analytical way is required to determine the
	 * global cache referring to the current shader-stage.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether this node is global or not.
	 */
	isGlobal( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this.global;

	}

	/**
	 * Generator function that can be used to iterate over the child nodes.
	 *
	 * @generator
	 * @yields {Node} A child node.
	 */
	* getChildren() {

		for ( const { childNode } of this._getChildren() ) {

			yield childNode;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Calling this method dispatches the `dispose` event. This event can be used
	 * to register event listeners for clean up tasks.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'dispose' } );

	}

	/**
	 * Callback for {@link Node#traverse}.
	 *
	 * @callback traverseCallback
	 * @param {Node} node - The current node.
	 */

	/**
	 * Can be used to traverse through the node's hierarchy.
	 *
	 * @param {traverseCallback} callback - A callback that is executed per node.
	 */
	traverse( callback ) {

		callback( this );

		for ( const childNode of this.getChildren() ) {

			childNode.traverse( callback );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the child nodes of this node.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Set<Node>} [ignores=new Set()] - A set of nodes to ignore during the search to avoid circular references.
	 * @returns {Array<Object>} An array of objects describing the child nodes.
	 */
	_getChildren( ignores = new Set() ) {

		const children = [];

		// avoid circular references
		ignores.add( this );

		for ( const property of Object.getOwnPropertyNames( this ) ) {

			const object = this[ property ];

			// Ignore private properties and ignored nodes.
			if ( property.startsWith( '_' ) === true || ignores.has( object ) ) continue;

			if ( Array.isArray( object ) === true ) {

				for ( let i = 0; i < object.length; i ++ ) {

					const child = object[ i ];

					if ( child && child.isNode === true ) {

						children.push( { property, index: i, childNode: child } );

					}

				}

			} else if ( object && object.isNode === true ) {

				children.push( { property, childNode: object } );

			} else if ( object && Object.getPrototypeOf( object ) === Object.prototype ) {

				for ( const subProperty in object ) {

					// Ignore private sub-properties.
					if ( subProperty.startsWith( '_' ) === true ) continue;

					const child = object[ subProperty ];

					if ( child && child.isNode === true ) {

						children.push( { property, index: subProperty, childNode: child } );

					}

				}

			}

		}

		//

		return children;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the cache key for this node.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [force=false] - When set to `true`, a recomputation of the cache key is forced.
	 * @param {Set<Node>} [ignores=null] - A set of nodes to ignore during the computation of the cache key.
	 * @return {number} The cache key of the node.
	 */
	getCacheKey( force = false, ignores = null ) {

		force = force || this.version !== this._cacheKeyVersion;

		if ( force === true || this._cacheKey === null ) {

			if ( ignores === null ) ignores = new Set();

			//

			const values = [];

			for ( const { property, childNode } of this._getChildren( ignores ) ) {

				values.push( hashString( property.slice( 0, -4 ) ), childNode.getCacheKey( force, ignores ) );

			}

			//

			this._cacheKey = hash$1( hashArray( values ), this.customCacheKey() );
			this._cacheKeyVersion = this.version;

		}

		return this._cacheKey;

	}

	/**
	 * Generate a custom cache key for this node.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The cache key of the node.
	 */
	customCacheKey() {

		return this.id;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the references to this node which is by default `this`.
	 *
	 * @return {Node} A reference to this node.
	 */
	getScope() {

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the hash of the node which is used to identify the node. By default it's
	 * the {@link Node#uuid} however derived node classes might have to overwrite this method
	 * depending on their implementation.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The hash.
	 */
	getHash( /*builder*/ ) {

		return String( this.id );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the update type of {@link Node#update}.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeUpdateType} The update type.
	 */
	getUpdateType() {

		return this.updateType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the update type of {@link Node#updateBefore}.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeUpdateType} The update type.
	 */
	getUpdateBeforeType() {

		return this.updateBeforeType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the update type of {@link Node#updateAfter}.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeUpdateType} The update type.
	 */
	getUpdateAfterType() {

		return this.updateAfterType;

	}

	/**
	 * Certain types are composed of multiple elements. For example a `vec3`
	 * is composed of three `float` values. This method returns the type of
	 * these elements.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The type of the node.
	 */
	getElementType( builder ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const elementType = builder.getElementType( type );

		return elementType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node member type for the given name.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the member.
	 * @return {string} The type of the node.
	 */
	getMemberType( /*builder, name*/ ) {

		return 'void';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node's type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} [output=null] - The output of the node.
	 * @return {string} The type of the node.
	 */
	getNodeType( builder, output = null ) {

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		let type;

		if ( output !== null ) {

			nodeData.typeFromOutput = nodeData.typeFromOutput || {};

			type = nodeData.typeFromOutput[ output ];

			if ( type === undefined ) {

				type = this.generateNodeType( builder, output );

				nodeData.typeFromOutput[ output ] = type;

			}

		} else {

			type = nodeData.type;

			if ( type === undefined ) {

				type = this.generateNodeType( builder );

				nodeData.type = type;

			}

		}

		return type;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node's type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} [output=null] - The output of the node.
	 * @return {string} The type of the node.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder, output = null ) {

		const nodeProperties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		if ( nodeProperties.outputNode ) {

			return nodeProperties.outputNode.getNodeType( builder, output );

		}

		return this.nodeType;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is used during the build process of a node and ensures
	 * equal nodes are not built multiple times but just once. For example if
	 * `attribute( 'uv' )` is used multiple times by the user, the build
	 * process makes sure to process just the first node. It also handles
	 * node overrides if an override context is set.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node} The shared node if possible. Otherwise `this` is returned.
	 */
	getShared( builder ) {

		const hash = this.getHash( builder );
		const nodeFromHash = builder.getNodeFromHash( hash );

		let sharedNode = null;

		if ( nodeFromHash && nodeFromHash !== this ) {

			sharedNode = nodeFromHash;

		} else if ( builder.context.overrideNodes ) {

			const callback = builder.context.overrideNodes.get( this );

			if ( callback ) {

				const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

				if ( nodeData.isOverwritten !== true ) {

					nodeData.isOverwritten = true;

					// cancel the override for use the same node inside the callback

					sharedNode = callback( builder ).overrideNode( this, null );

					nodeData.sharedNode = sharedNode;

				} else {

					// avoid recursive override calls

					sharedNode = nodeData.sharedNode;

				}

			}

		}

		return sharedNode || this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the number of elements in the node array.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {?number} The number of elements in the node array.
	 */
	getArrayCount( /*builder*/ ) {

		return null;

	}

	/**
	 * Represents the setup stage which is the first step of the build process, see {@link Node#build} method.
	 * This method is often overwritten in derived modules to prepare the node which is used as a node's output/result.
	 * If an output node is prepared, then it must be returned in the `return` statement of the derived module's setup function.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {?Node} The output node.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		const nodeProperties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		let index = 0;

		for ( const childNode of this.getChildren() ) {

			nodeProperties[ 'node' + index ++ ] = childNode;

		}

		// return a outputNode if exists or null

		return nodeProperties.outputNode || null;

	}

	/**
	 * Represents the analyze stage which is the second step of the build process, see {@link Node#build} method.
	 * This stage analyzes the node hierarchy and ensures descendent nodes are built.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {?Node} output - The target output node.
	 */
	analyze( builder, output = null ) {

		const usageCount = builder.increaseUsage( this );

		if ( this.parents === true ) {

			const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this, 'any' );
			nodeData.stages = nodeData.stages || {};
			nodeData.stages[ builder.shaderStage ] = nodeData.stages[ builder.shaderStage ] || [];
			nodeData.stages[ builder.shaderStage ].push( output );

		}

		if ( usageCount === 1 ) {

			// node flow children

			const nodeProperties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

			for ( const childNode of Object.values( nodeProperties ) ) {

				if ( childNode && childNode.isNode === true ) {

					childNode.build( builder, this );

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Represents the generate stage which is the third step of the build process, see {@link Node#build} method.
	 * This state builds the output node and returns the resulting shader string.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {?string} [output] - Can be used to define the output type.
	 * @return {?string} The generated shader string.
	 */
	generate( builder, output ) {

		const { outputNode } = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		if ( outputNode && outputNode.isNode === true ) {

			return outputNode.build( builder, output );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The method can be implemented to update the node's internal state before it is used to render an object.
	 * The {@link Node#updateBeforeType} property defines how often the update is executed.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 * @return {?boolean} An optional bool that indicates whether the implementation actually performed an update or not (e.g. due to caching).
	 */
	updateBefore( /*frame*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * The method can be implemented to update the node's internal state after it was used to render an object.
	 * The {@link Node#updateAfterType} property defines how often the update is executed.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 * @return {?boolean} An optional bool that indicates whether the implementation actually performed an update or not (e.g. due to caching).
	 */
	updateAfter( /*frame*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * The method can be implemented to update the node's internal state when it is used to render an object.
	 * The {@link Node#updateType} property defines how often the update is executed.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 * @return {?boolean} An optional bool that indicates whether the implementation actually performed an update or not (e.g. due to caching).
	 */
	update( /*frame*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	before( node ) {

		if ( this._beforeNodes === null ) this._beforeNodes = [];

		this._beforeNodes.push( node );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs the build of a node. The behavior and return value depend on the current build stage:
	 * - **setup**: Prepares the node and its children for the build process. This process can also create new nodes. Returns the node itself or a variant.
	 * - **analyze**: Analyzes the node hierarchy for optimizations in the code generation stage. Returns `null`.
	 * - **generate**: Generates the shader code for the node. Returns the generated shader string.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {?(string|Node)} [output=null] - Can be used to define the output type.
	 * @return {?(Node|string)} The result of the build process, depending on the build stage.
	 */
	build( builder, output = null ) {

		const refNode = this.getShared( builder );

		if ( this !== refNode ) {

			return refNode.build( builder, output );

		}

		//

		if ( this._beforeNodes !== null ) {

			const currentBeforeNodes = this._beforeNodes;

			this._beforeNodes = null;

			for ( const beforeNode of currentBeforeNodes ) {

				beforeNode.build( builder, output );

			}

			this._beforeNodes = currentBeforeNodes;

		}

		//

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );
		nodeData.buildStages = nodeData.buildStages || {};
		nodeData.buildStages[ builder.buildStage ] = true;

		const parentBuildStage = _parentBuildStage[ builder.buildStage ];

		if ( parentBuildStage && nodeData.buildStages[ parentBuildStage ] !== true ) {

			// force parent build stage (setup or analyze)

			const previousBuildStage = builder.getBuildStage();

			builder.setBuildStage( parentBuildStage );

			this.build( builder );

			builder.setBuildStage( previousBuildStage );

		}

		//

		builder.addChain( this );

		/* Build stages expected results:
			- "setup"		-> Node
			- "analyze"		-> null
			- "generate"	-> String
		*/
		let result = null;

		const buildStage = builder.getBuildStage();

		if ( buildStage === 'setup' ) {

			builder.addNode( this );

			this.updateReference( builder );

			const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

			if ( properties.initialized !== true ) {

				//const stackNodesBeforeSetup = builder.stack.nodes.length;

				properties.initialized = true;
				properties.outputNode = this.setup( builder ) || properties.outputNode || null;

				/*if ( isNodeOutput && builder.stack.nodes.length !== stackNodesBeforeSetup ) {

					// !! no outputNode !!
					//outputNode = builder.stack;

				}*/

				for ( const childNode of Object.values( properties ) ) {

					if ( childNode && childNode.isNode === true ) {

						if ( childNode.parents === true ) {

							const childProperties = builder.getNodeProperties( childNode );
							childProperties.parents = childProperties.parents || [];
							childProperties.parents.push( this );

						}

						childNode.build( builder );

					}

				}

				builder.addSequentialNode( this );

			}

			result = properties.outputNode;

		} else if ( buildStage === 'analyze' ) {

			this.analyze( builder, output );

		} else if ( buildStage === 'generate' ) {

			// If generate has just one argument, it means the output type is not required.
			// This means that the node does not handle output conversions internally,
			// so the value is stored in a cache and the builder handles the conversion
			// for all requested output types.

			const isGenerateOnce = this.generate.length < 2;

			if ( isGenerateOnce ) {

				const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
				const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

				result = nodeData.snippet;

				if ( result === undefined ) {

					if ( nodeData.generated === undefined ) {

						nodeData.generated = true;

						result = this.generate( builder ) || '';

						nodeData.snippet = result;

					} else {

						warn( 'Node: Recursion detected.', this );

						result = '/* Recursion detected. */';

					}

				} else if ( nodeData.flowCodes !== undefined && builder.context.nodeBlock !== undefined ) {

					builder.addFlowCodeHierarchy( this, builder.context.nodeBlock );

				}

				result = builder.format( result, type, output );

			} else {

				result = this.generate( builder, output ) || '';

			}

			if ( result === '' && output !== null && output !== 'void' && output !== 'OutputType' ) {

				// if no snippet is generated, return a default value

				error( `TSL: Invalid generated code, expected a "${ output }".` );

				result = builder.generateConst( output );

			}

		}

		builder.removeChain( this );

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the child nodes as a JSON object.
	 *
	 * @return {Generator<Object>} An iterable list of serialized child objects as JSON.
	 */
	getSerializeChildren() {

		return this._getChildren();

	}

	/**
	 * Serializes the node to JSON.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} json - The output JSON object.
	 */
	serialize( json ) {

		const nodeChildren = this.getSerializeChildren();

		const inputNodes = {};

		for ( const { property, index, childNode } of nodeChildren ) {

			if ( index !== undefined ) {

				if ( inputNodes[ property ] === undefined ) {

					inputNodes[ property ] = Number.isInteger( index ) ? [] : {};

				}

				inputNodes[ property ][ index ] = childNode.toJSON( json.meta ).uuid;

			} else {

				inputNodes[ property ] = childNode.toJSON( json.meta ).uuid;

			}

		}

		if ( Object.keys( inputNodes ).length > 0 ) {

			json.inputNodes = inputNodes;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Deserializes the node from the given JSON.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} json - The JSON object.
	 */
	deserialize( json ) {

		if ( json.inputNodes !== undefined ) {

			const nodes = json.meta.nodes;

			for ( const property in json.inputNodes ) {

				if ( Array.isArray( json.inputNodes[ property ] ) ) {

					const inputArray = [];

					for ( const uuid of json.inputNodes[ property ] ) {

						inputArray.push( nodes[ uuid ] );

					}

					this[ property ] = inputArray;

				} else if ( typeof json.inputNodes[ property ] === 'object' ) {

					const inputObject = {};

					for ( const subProperty in json.inputNodes[ property ] ) {

						const uuid = json.inputNodes[ property ][ subProperty ];

						inputObject[ subProperty ] = nodes[ uuid ];

					}

					this[ property ] = inputObject;

				} else {

					const uuid = json.inputNodes[ property ];

					this[ property ] = nodes[ uuid ];

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Serializes the node into the three.js JSON Object/Scene format.
	 *
	 * @param {?Object} meta - An optional JSON object that already holds serialized data from other scene objects.
	 * @return {Object} The serialized node.
	 */
	toJSON( meta ) {

		const { uuid, type } = this;
		const isRoot = ( meta === undefined || typeof meta === 'string' );

		if ( isRoot ) {

			meta = {
				textures: {},
				images: {},
				nodes: {}
			};

		}

		// serialize

		let data = meta.nodes[ uuid ];

		if ( data === undefined ) {

			data = {
				uuid,
				type,
				meta,
				metadata: {
					version: 4.7,
					type: 'Node',
					generator: 'Node.toJSON'
				}
			};

			if ( isRoot !== true ) meta.nodes[ data.uuid ] = data;

			this.serialize( data );

			delete data.meta;

		}

		// TODO: Copied from Object3D.toJSON

		function extractFromCache( cache ) {

			const values = [];

			for ( const key in cache ) {

				const data = cache[ key ];
				delete data.metadata;
				values.push( data );

			}

			return values;

		}

		if ( isRoot ) {

			const textures = extractFromCache( meta.textures );
			const images = extractFromCache( meta.images );
			const nodes = extractFromCache( meta.nodes );

			if ( textures.length > 0 ) data.textures = textures;
			if ( images.length > 0 ) data.images = images;
			if ( nodes.length > 0 ) data.nodes = nodes;

		}

		return data;

	}

}

/**
 * Enables or disables the automatic capturing of stack traces for nodes.
 *
 * @type {boolean}
 * @default false
 */
Node.captureStackTrace = false;

/**
 * Base class for representing element access on an array-like
 * node data structures.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ArrayElementNode extends Node { // @TODO: If extending from TempNode it breaks webgpu_compute

	static get type() {

		return 'ArrayElementNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs an array element node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The array-like node.
	 * @param {Node} indexNode - The index node that defines the element access.
	 */
	constructor( node, indexNode ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The array-like node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * The index node that defines the element access.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.indexNode = indexNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isArrayElementNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from the array-like node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.node.getElementType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the member type is inferred from the array-like node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} name - The member name.
	 * @return {string} The member type.
	 */
	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		return this.node.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const indexType = this.indexNode.getNodeType( builder );

		const nodeSnippet = this.node.build( builder );
		const indexSnippet = this.indexNode.build( builder, ! builder.isVector( indexType ) && builder.isInteger( indexType ) ? indexType : 'uint' );

		return `${ nodeSnippet }[ ${ indexSnippet } ]`;

	}

}

/**
 * This module is part of the TSL core and usually not used in app level code.
 * It represents a convert operation during the shader generation process
 * meaning it converts the data type of a node to a target data type.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ConvertNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ConvertNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new convert node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node which type should be converted.
	 * @param {string} convertTo - The target node type. Multiple types can be defined by separating them with a `|` sign.
	 */
	constructor( node, convertTo ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node which type should be converted.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * The target node type. Multiple types can be defined by separating them with a `|` sign.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.convertTo = convertTo;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the implementation tries to infer the best
	 * matching type from the {@link ConvertNode#convertTo} property.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		const requestType = this.node.getNodeType( builder );

		let convertTo = null;

		for ( const overloadingType of this.convertTo.split( '|' ) ) {

			if ( convertTo === null || builder.getTypeLength( requestType ) === builder.getTypeLength( overloadingType ) ) {

				convertTo = overloadingType;

			}

		}

		return convertTo;

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.convertTo = this.convertTo;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.convertTo = data.convertTo;

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const node = this.node;
		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

		const snippet = node.build( builder, type );

		return builder.format( snippet, type, output );

	}

}

/**
 * This module uses cache management to create temporary variables
 * if the node is used more than once to prevent duplicate calculations.
 *
 * The class acts as a base class for many other nodes types.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class TempNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'TempNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a temp node.
	 *
	 * @param {?string} nodeType - The node type.
	 */
	constructor( nodeType = null ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isTempNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether this node is used more than once in context of other nodes.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @return {boolean} A flag that indicates if there is more than one dependency to other nodes.
	 */
	hasDependencies( builder ) {

		return builder.getDataFromNode( this ).usageCount > 1;

	}

	build( builder, output ) {

		const buildStage = builder.getBuildStage();

		if ( buildStage === 'generate' ) {

			const type = builder.getVectorType( this.getNodeType( builder, output ) );
			const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

			if ( nodeData.propertyName !== undefined ) {

				return builder.format( nodeData.propertyName, type, output );

			} else if ( type !== 'void' && output !== 'void' && this.hasDependencies( builder ) ) {

				const snippet = super.build( builder, type );

				const nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this, null, type );
				const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );

				builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertyName } = ${ snippet }`, this );

				nodeData.snippet = snippet;
				nodeData.propertyName = propertyName;

				return builder.format( nodeData.propertyName, type, output );

			}

		}

		return super.build( builder, output );

	}

}

/**
 * This module is part of the TSL core and usually not used in app level code.
 * It represents a join operation during the shader generation process.
 * For example in can compose/join two single floats into a `vec2` type.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class JoinNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'JoinNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new join node.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Node>} nodes - An array of nodes that should be joined.
	 * @param {?string} [nodeType=null] - The node type.
	 */
	constructor( nodes = [], nodeType = null ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * An array of nodes that should be joined.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.nodes = nodes;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type must be inferred from the
	 * joined data length if not explicitly defined.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.nodeType !== null ) {

			return builder.getVectorType( this.nodeType );

		}

		return builder.getTypeFromLength( this.nodes.reduce( ( count, cur ) => count + builder.getTypeLength( cur.getNodeType( builder ) ), 0 ) );

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const maxLength = builder.getTypeLength( type );

		const nodes = this.nodes;

		const primitiveType = builder.getComponentType( type );

		const snippetValues = [];

		let length = 0;

		for ( const input of nodes ) {

			if ( length >= maxLength ) {

				error( `TSL: Length of parameters exceeds maximum length of function '${ type }()' type.`, this.stackTrace );
				break;

			}

			let inputType = input.getNodeType( builder );
			let inputTypeLength = builder.getTypeLength( inputType );
			let inputSnippet;

			if ( length + inputTypeLength > maxLength ) {

				error( `TSL: Length of '${ type }()' data exceeds maximum length of output type.`, this.stackTrace );

				inputTypeLength = maxLength - length;
				inputType = builder.getTypeFromLength( inputTypeLength );

			}

			length += inputTypeLength;
			inputSnippet = input.build( builder, inputType );

			const inputPrimitiveType = builder.getComponentType( inputType );

			if ( inputPrimitiveType !== primitiveType ) {

				const targetType = builder.getTypeFromLength( inputTypeLength, primitiveType );

				inputSnippet = builder.format( inputSnippet, inputType, targetType );

			}

			snippetValues.push( inputSnippet );

		}

		const snippet = `${ builder.getType( type ) }( ${ snippetValues.join( ', ' ) } )`;

		return builder.format( snippet, type, output );

	}

}

const _stringVectorComponents = vectorComponents.join( '' );

/**
 * This module is part of the TSL core and usually not used in app level code.
 * `SplitNode` represents a property access operation which means it is
 * used to implement any `.xyzw`, `.rgba` and `stpq` usage on node objects.
 * For example:
 * ```js
 * const redValue = color.r;
 * ```
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class SplitNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'SplitNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new split node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be accessed.
	 * @param {string} [components='x'] - The components that should be accessed.
	 */
	constructor( node, components = 'x' ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node that should be accessed.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * The components that should be accessed.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.components = components;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSplitNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vector length which is computed based on the requested components.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The vector length.
	 */
	getVectorLength() {

		let vectorLength = this.components.length;

		for ( const c of this.components ) {

			vectorLength = Math.max( vectorComponents.indexOf( c ) + 1, vectorLength );

		}

		return vectorLength;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the component type of the node's type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The component type.
	 */
	getComponentType( builder ) {

		return builder.getComponentType( this.node.getNodeType( builder ) );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from requested components.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return builder.getTypeFromLength( this.components.length, this.getComponentType( builder ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the scope of the node.
	 *
	 * @return {Node} The scope of the node.
	 */
	getScope() {

		return this.node.getScope();

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const node = this.node;
		const nodeTypeLength = builder.getTypeLength( node.getNodeType( builder ) );

		let snippet = null;

		if ( nodeTypeLength > 1 ) {

			let type = null;

			const componentsLength = this.getVectorLength();

			if ( componentsLength >= nodeTypeLength ) {

				// needed expand the input node

				type = builder.getTypeFromLength( this.getVectorLength(), this.getComponentType( builder ) );

			}

			const nodeSnippet = node.build( builder, type );

			if ( this.components.length === nodeTypeLength && this.components === _stringVectorComponents.slice( 0, this.components.length ) ) {

				// unnecessary swizzle

				snippet = builder.format( nodeSnippet, type, output );

			} else {

				snippet = builder.format( `${nodeSnippet}.${this.components}`, this.getNodeType( builder ), output );

			}

		} else {

			// ignore .components if .node returns float/integer

			snippet = node.build( builder, output );

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.components = this.components;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.components = data.components;

	}

}

/**
 * This module is part of the TSL core and usually not used in app level code.
 * `SetNode` represents a set operation which means it is used to implement any
 * `setXYZW()`, `setRGBA()` and `setSTPQ()` method invocations on node objects.
 * For example:
 * ```js
 * materialLine.colorNode = color( 0, 0, 0 ).setR( float( 1 ) );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class SetNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'SetNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new set node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} sourceNode - The node that should be updated.
	 * @param {string} components - The components that should be updated.
	 * @param {Node} targetNode - The value node.
	 */
	constructor( sourceNode, components, targetNode ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node that should be updated.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.sourceNode = sourceNode;

		/**
		 * The components that should be updated.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.components = components;

		/**
		 * The value node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.targetNode = targetNode;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from {@link SetNode#sourceNode}.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.sourceNode.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const { sourceNode, components, targetNode } = this;

		const sourceType = this.getNodeType( builder );

		const componentType = builder.getComponentType( targetNode.getNodeType( builder ) );
		const targetType = builder.getTypeFromLength( components.length, componentType );

		const targetSnippet = targetNode.build( builder, targetType );
		const sourceSnippet = sourceNode.build( builder, sourceType );

		const length = builder.getTypeLength( sourceType );
		const snippetValues = [];

		for ( let i = 0; i < length; i ++ ) {

			const component = vectorComponents[ i ];

			if ( component === components[ 0 ] ) {

				snippetValues.push( targetSnippet );

				i += components.length - 1;

			} else {

				snippetValues.push( sourceSnippet + '.' + component );

			}

		}

		return `${ builder.getType( sourceType ) }( ${ snippetValues.join( ', ' ) } )`;

	}

}

/**
 * This module is part of the TSL core and usually not used in app level code.
 * It represents a flip operation during the shader generation process
 * meaning it flips normalized values with the following formula:
 * ```
 * x = 1 - x;
 * ```
 * `FlipNode` is internally used to implement any `flipXYZW()`, `flipRGBA()` and
 * `flipSTPQ()` method invocations on node objects. For example:
 * ```js
 * uvNode = uvNode.flipY();
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class FlipNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'FlipNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new flip node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} sourceNode - The node which component(s) should be flipped.
	 * @param {string} components - The components that should be flipped e.g. `'x'` or `'xy'`.
	 */
	constructor( sourceNode, components ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node which component(s) should be flipped.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.sourceNode = sourceNode;

		/**
		 * The components that should be flipped e.g. `'x'` or `'xy'`.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.components = components;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from the source node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.sourceNode.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const { components, sourceNode } = this;

		const sourceType = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const sourceSnippet = sourceNode.build( builder );

		const sourceCache = builder.getVarFromNode( this );
		const sourceProperty = builder.getPropertyName( sourceCache );

		builder.addLineFlowCode( sourceProperty + ' = ' + sourceSnippet, this );

		const length = builder.getTypeLength( sourceType );
		const snippetValues = [];

		let componentIndex = 0;

		for ( let i = 0; i < length; i ++ ) {

			const component = vectorComponents[ i ];

			if ( component === components[ componentIndex ] ) {

				snippetValues.push( '1.0 - ' + ( sourceProperty + '.' + component ) );

				componentIndex ++;

			} else {

				snippetValues.push( sourceProperty + '.' + component );

			}

		}

		return `${ builder.getType( sourceType ) }( ${ snippetValues.join( ', ' ) } )`;

	}

}

/**
 * Base class for representing data input nodes.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class InputNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'InputNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new input node.
	 *
	 * @param {any} value - The value of this node. This can be any JS primitive, functions, array buffers or even three.js objects (vector, matrices, colors).
	 * @param {?string} nodeType - The node type. If no explicit type is defined, the node tries to derive the type from its value.
	 */
	constructor( value, nodeType = null ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isInputNode = true;

		/**
		 * The value of this node. This can be any JS primitive, functions, array buffers or even three.js objects (vector, matrices, colors).
		 *
		 * @type {any}
		 */
		this.value = value;

		/**
		 * The precision of the value in the shader.
		 *
		 * @type {?('low'|'medium'|'high')}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.precision = null;

	}

	generateNodeType( /*builder*/ ) {

		if ( this.nodeType === null ) {

			return getValueType( this.value );

		}

		return this.nodeType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the input type of the node which is by default the node type. Derived modules
	 * might overwrite this method and use a fixed type or compute one analytically.
	 *
	 * A typical example for different input and node types are textures. The input type of a
	 * normal RGBA texture is `texture` whereas its node type is `vec4`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( builder ) {

		return this.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the precision to the given value. The method can be
	 * overwritten in derived classes if the final precision must be computed
	 * analytically.
	 *
	 * @param {('low'|'medium'|'high')} precision - The precision of the input value in the shader.
	 * @return {InputNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setPrecision( precision ) {

		this.precision = precision;

		return this;

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.value = this.value;

		if ( this.value && this.value.toArray ) data.value = this.value.toArray();

		data.valueType = getValueType( this.value );
		data.nodeType = this.nodeType;

		if ( data.valueType === 'ArrayBuffer' ) data.value = arrayBufferToBase64( data.value );

		data.precision = this.precision;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.nodeType = data.nodeType;
		this.value = Array.isArray( data.value ) ? getValueFromType( data.valueType, ...data.value ) : data.value;

		this.precision = data.precision || null;

		if ( this.value && this.value.fromArray ) this.value = this.value.fromArray( data.value );

	}

	generate( /*builder, output*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

}

const _regNum = /float|u?int/;

/**
 * Class for representing a constant value in the shader.
 *
 * @augments InputNode
 */
class ConstNode extends InputNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ConstNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new input node.
	 *
	 * @param {any} value - The value of this node. Usually a JS primitive or three.js object (vector, matrix, color).
	 * @param {?string} nodeType - The node type. If no explicit type is defined, the node tries to derive the type from its value.
	 */
	constructor( value, nodeType = null ) {

		super( value, nodeType );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isConstNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the shader string of the value with the current node builder.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The generated value as a shader string.
	 */
	generateConst( builder ) {

		return builder.generateConst( this.getNodeType( builder ), this.value );

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

		if ( _regNum.test( type ) && _regNum.test( output ) ) {

			return builder.generateConst( output, this.value );

		}

		return builder.format( this.generateConst( builder ), type, output );

	}

}

/**
 * Base class for representing member access on an object-like
 * node data structures.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class MemberNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'MemberNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a member node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} structNode - The struct node.
	 * @param {string} property - The property name.
	 */
	constructor( structNode, property ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The struct node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.structNode = structNode;

		/**
		 * The property name.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.property = property;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMemberNode = true;

	}

	hasMember( builder ) {

		if ( this.structNode.isMemberNode ) {

			if ( this.structNode.hasMember( builder ) === false ) {

				return false;

			}

		}

		return this.structNode.getMemberType( builder, this.property ) !== 'void';

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.hasMember( builder ) === false ) {

			// default type if member does not exist

			return 'float';

		}

		return this.structNode.getMemberType( builder, this.property );

	}

	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		if ( this.hasMember( builder ) === false ) {

			// default type if member does not exist

			return 'float';

		}

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const struct = builder.getStructTypeNode( type );

		return struct.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		if ( this.hasMember( builder ) === false ) {

			warn( `TSL: Member "${ this.property }" does not exist in struct.`, this.stackTrace );

			const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

			return builder.generateConst( type );

		}

		const propertyName = this.structNode.build( builder );

		return propertyName + '.' + this.property;

	}

}

let currentStack = null;

const NodeElements = new Map();

// Extend Node Class for TSL using prototype

function addMethodChaining( name, nodeElement ) {

	// No require StackTrace because this is internal API

	if ( NodeElements.has( name ) ) {

		warn( `TSL: Redefinition of method chaining '${ name }'.` );
		return;

	}

	if ( typeof nodeElement !== 'function' ) throw new Error( `THREE.TSL: Node element ${ name } is not a function` );

	NodeElements.set( name, nodeElement );

	if ( name !== 'assign' ) {

		// Changing Node prototype to add method chaining

		Node.prototype[ name ] = function ( ...params ) {

			//if ( name === 'toVarIntent' ) return this;

			return this.isStackNode ? this.addToStack( nodeElement( ...params ) ) : nodeElement( this, ...params );

		};

		// Adding assign method chaining

		Node.prototype[ name + 'Assign' ] = function ( ...params ) {

			return this.isStackNode ? this.assign( params[ 0 ], nodeElement( ...params ) ) : this.assign( nodeElement( this, ...params ) );

		};

	}

}

const parseSwizzle = ( props ) => props.replace( /r|s/g, 'x' ).replace( /g|t/g, 'y' ).replace( /b|p/g, 'z' ).replace( /a|q/g, 'w' );
const parseSwizzleAndSort = ( props ) => parseSwizzle( props ).split( '' ).sort().join( '' );

Node.prototype.assign = function ( ...params ) {

	if ( this.isStackNode !== true ) {

		if ( currentStack !== null ) {

			currentStack.assign( this, ...params );

		} else {

			error( 'TSL: No stack defined for assign operation. Make sure the assign is inside a Fn().', new StackTrace() );

		}

		return this;

	} else {

		const nodeElement = NodeElements.get( 'assign' );

		return this.addToStack( nodeElement( ...params ) );

	}

};

Node.prototype.toVarIntent = function () {

	return this;

};

Node.prototype.get = function ( value ) {

	return new MemberNode( this, value );

};

// Cache prototype for TSL

const proto = {};

// Set swizzle properties for xyzw, rgba, and stpq.

function setProtoSwizzle( property, altA, altB ) {

	// swizzle properties

	proto[ property ] = proto[ altA ] = proto[ altB ] = {

		get() {

			this._cache = this._cache || {};

			//

			let split = this._cache[ property ];

			if ( split === undefined ) {

				split = new SplitNode( this, property );

				this._cache[ property ] = split;

			}

			return split;

		},

		set( value ) {

			this[ property ].assign( nodeObject( value ) );

		}

	};

	// set properties ( swizzle ) and sort to xyzw sequence

	const propUpper = property.toUpperCase();
	const altAUpper = altA.toUpperCase();
	const altBUpper = altB.toUpperCase();

	// Set methods for swizzle properties

	Node.prototype[ 'set' + propUpper ] = Node.prototype[ 'set' + altAUpper ] = Node.prototype[ 'set' + altBUpper ] = function ( value ) {

		const swizzle = parseSwizzleAndSort( property );

		return new SetNode( this, swizzle, nodeObject( value ) );

	};

	// Set methods for flip properties

	Node.prototype[ 'flip' + propUpper ] = Node.prototype[ 'flip' + altAUpper ] = Node.prototype[ 'flip' + altBUpper ] = function () {

		const swizzle = parseSwizzleAndSort( property );

		return new FlipNode( this, swizzle );

	};

}

const swizzleA = [ 'x', 'y', 'z', 'w' ];
const swizzleB = [ 'r', 'g', 'b', 'a' ];
const swizzleC = [ 's', 't', 'p', 'q' ];

for ( let a = 0; a < 4; a ++ ) {

	let prop = swizzleA[ a ];
	let altA = swizzleB[ a ];
	let altB = swizzleC[ a ];

	setProtoSwizzle( prop, altA, altB );

	for ( let b = 0; b < 4; b ++ ) {

		prop = swizzleA[ a ] + swizzleA[ b ];
		altA = swizzleB[ a ] + swizzleB[ b ];
		altB = swizzleC[ a ] + swizzleC[ b ];

		setProtoSwizzle( prop, altA, altB );

		for ( let c = 0; c < 4; c ++ ) {

			prop = swizzleA[ a ] + swizzleA[ b ] + swizzleA[ c ];
			altA = swizzleB[ a ] + swizzleB[ b ] + swizzleB[ c ];
			altB = swizzleC[ a ] + swizzleC[ b ] + swizzleC[ c ];

			setProtoSwizzle( prop, altA, altB );

			for ( let d = 0; d < 4; d ++ ) {

				prop = swizzleA[ a ] + swizzleA[ b ] + swizzleA[ c ] + swizzleA[ d ];
				altA = swizzleB[ a ] + swizzleB[ b ] + swizzleB[ c ] + swizzleB[ d ];
				altB = swizzleC[ a ] + swizzleC[ b ] + swizzleC[ c ] + swizzleC[ d ];

				setProtoSwizzle( prop, altA, altB );

			}

		}

	}

}

// Set/get static properties for array elements (0-31).

for ( let i = 0; i < 32; i ++ ) {

	proto[ i ] = {

		get() {

			this._cache = this._cache || {};

			//

			let element = this._cache[ i ];

			if ( element === undefined ) {

				element = new ArrayElementNode( this, new ConstNode( i, 'uint' ) );

				this._cache[ i ] = element;

			}

			return element;

		},

		set( value ) {

			this[ i ].assign( nodeObject( value ) );

		}

	};

}

/*
// Set properties for width, height, and depth.

function setProtoProperty( property, target ) {

	proto[ property ] = {

		get() {

			this._cache = this._cache || {};

			//

			let split = this._cache[ target ];

			if ( split === undefined ) {

				split = new SplitNode( this, target );

				this._cache[ target ] = split;

			}

			return split;

		},

		set( value ) {

			this[ target ].assign( nodeObject( value ) );

		}

	};

}

setProtoProperty( 'width', 'x' );
setProtoProperty( 'height', 'y' );
setProtoProperty( 'depth', 'z' );
*/

Object.defineProperties( Node.prototype, proto );

// --- FINISH ---

const ShaderNodeObject = function ( obj, altType = null ) {

	const type = getValueType( obj );

	if ( type === 'node' ) {

		return obj;

	} else if ( ( altType === null && ( type === 'float' || type === 'boolean' ) ) || ( type && type !== 'shader' && type !== 'string' ) ) {

		return nodeObject( getConstNode( obj, altType ) );

	} else if ( type === 'shader' ) {

		return obj.isFn ? obj : Fn( obj );

	}

	return obj;

};

const ShaderNodeObjects = function ( objects, altType = null ) {

	for ( const name in objects ) {

		objects[ name ] = nodeObject( objects[ name ], altType );

	}

	return objects;

};

const ShaderNodeArray = function ( array, altType = null ) {

	const len = array.length;

	for ( let i = 0; i < len; i ++ ) {

		array[ i ] = nodeObject( array[ i ], altType );

	}

	return array;

};

const ShaderNodeProxy = function ( NodeClass, scope = null, factor = null, settings = null ) {

	function assignNode( node ) {

		if ( settings !== null ) {

			node = nodeObject( Object.assign( node, settings ) );

			if ( settings.intent === true ) {

				node = node.toVarIntent();

			}

		} else {

			node = nodeObject( node );

		}

		return node;


	}

	let fn, name = scope, minParams, maxParams;

	function verifyParamsLimit( params ) {

		let tslName;

		if ( name ) tslName = /[a-z]/i.test( name ) ? name + '()' : name;
		else tslName = NodeClass.type;

		if ( minParams !== undefined && params.length < minParams ) {

			error( `TSL: "${ tslName }" parameter length is less than minimum required.`, new StackTrace() );

			return params.concat( new Array( minParams - params.length ).fill( 0 ) );

		} else if ( maxParams !== undefined && params.length > maxParams ) {

			error( `TSL: "${ tslName }" parameter length exceeds limit.`, new StackTrace() );

			return params.slice( 0, maxParams );

		}

		return params;

	}

	if ( scope === null ) {

		fn = ( ...params ) => {

			return assignNode( new NodeClass( ...nodeArray( verifyParamsLimit( params ) ) ) );

		};

	} else if ( factor !== null ) {

		factor = nodeObject( factor );

		fn = ( ...params ) => {

			return assignNode( new NodeClass( scope, ...nodeArray( verifyParamsLimit( params ) ), factor ) );

		};

	} else {

		fn = ( ...params ) => {

			return assignNode( new NodeClass( scope, ...nodeArray( verifyParamsLimit( params ) ) ) );

		};

	}

	fn.setParameterLength = ( ...params ) => {

		if ( params.length === 1 ) minParams = maxParams = params[ 0 ];
		else if ( params.length === 2 ) [ minParams, maxParams ] = params;

		return fn;

	};

	fn.setName = ( value ) => {

		name = value;

		return fn;

	};

	return fn;

};

const ShaderNodeImmutable = function ( NodeClass, ...params ) {

	return new NodeClass( ...nodeArray( params ) );

};

class ShaderCallNodeInternal extends Node {

	constructor( shaderNode, rawInputs ) {

		super();

		this.shaderNode = shaderNode;
		this.rawInputs = rawInputs;

		this.isShaderCallNodeInternal = true;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.shaderNode.nodeType || this.getOutputNode( builder ).getNodeType( builder );

	}

	getElementType( builder ) {

		return this.getOutputNode( builder ).getElementType( builder );

	}

	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		return this.getOutputNode( builder ).getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	call( builder ) {

		const { shaderNode, rawInputs } = this;

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( shaderNode );

		const subBuild = builder.getClosestSubBuild( shaderNode.subBuilds ) || '';
		const subBuildProperty = subBuild || 'default';

		if ( properties[ subBuildProperty ] ) {

			return properties[ subBuildProperty ];

		}

		//

		const previousSubBuildFn = builder.subBuildFn;
		const previousFnCall = builder.fnCall;

		builder.subBuildFn = subBuild;
		builder.fnCall = this;

		let result = null;

		if ( shaderNode.layout ) {

			// build inputs first

			if ( rawInputs ) {

				// use layout inputs to ensure that no extra parameters are built

				const inputs = shaderNode.layout.inputs;

				if ( isArrayAsParameter( rawInputs ) ) {

					const rawArrayParameters = rawInputs;

					for ( let i = 0; i < inputs.length; i ++ ) {

						const rawParameter = rawArrayParameters[ i ];

						if ( rawParameter && rawParameter.isNode ) {

							rawParameter.build( builder );

						}

					}

				} else {

					const rawObjectParameters = rawInputs[ 0 ];

					for ( const param of inputs ) {

						const rawParameter = rawObjectParameters[ param.name ];

						if ( rawParameter && rawParameter.isNode ) {

							rawParameter.build( builder );

						}

					}

				}

			}

			const functionNode = builder.buildFunctionNode( shaderNode );

			builder.addInclude( functionNode );

			//

			const inputs = rawInputs ? getLayoutParameters( rawInputs ) : null;

			result = functionNode.call( inputs );

		} else {

			const secureNodeBuilder = new Proxy( builder, {

				get: ( target, property, receiver ) => {

					let value;

					if ( Symbol.iterator === property ) {

						value = function* () {

							yield undefined;

						};

					} else {

						value = Reflect.get( target, property, receiver );

					}

					return value;

				}

			} );

			//

			const inputs = rawInputs ? getProxyParameters( rawInputs ) : null;

			const hasParameters = Array.isArray( rawInputs ) ? rawInputs.length > 0 : rawInputs !== null;

			const jsFunc = shaderNode.jsFunc;
			const outputNode = hasParameters || jsFunc.length > 1 ? jsFunc( inputs, secureNodeBuilder ) : jsFunc( secureNodeBuilder );

			result = nodeObject( outputNode );

		}

		builder.subBuildFn = previousSubBuildFn;
		builder.fnCall = previousFnCall;

		if ( shaderNode.once ) {

			properties[ subBuildProperty ] = result;

		}

		return result;

	}

	setupOutput( builder ) {

		builder.addStack();

		builder.stack.outputNode = this.call( builder );

		return builder.removeStack();

	}

	getOutputNode( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		const subBuildOutput = builder.getSubBuildOutput( this );

		properties[ subBuildOutput ] = properties[ subBuildOutput ] || this.setupOutput( builder );
		properties[ subBuildOutput ].subBuild = builder.getClosestSubBuild( this );

		return properties[ subBuildOutput ];

	}

	build( builder, output = null ) {

		let result = null;

		const buildStage = builder.getBuildStage();
		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		const subBuildOutput = builder.getSubBuildOutput( this );
		const outputNode = this.getOutputNode( builder );

		const previousFnCall = builder.fnCall;

		builder.fnCall = this;

		if ( buildStage === 'setup' ) {

			const subBuildInitialized = builder.getSubBuildProperty( 'initialized', this );

			if ( properties[ subBuildInitialized ] !== true ) {

				properties[ subBuildInitialized ] = true;

				properties[ subBuildOutput ] = this.getOutputNode( builder );
				properties[ subBuildOutput ].build( builder );

				// If the shaderNode has subBuilds, add them to the chaining nodes
				// so they can be built later in the build process.

				if ( this.shaderNode.subBuilds ) {

					for ( const node of builder.chaining ) {

						const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( node, 'any' );
						nodeData.subBuilds = nodeData.subBuilds || new Set();

						for ( const subBuild of this.shaderNode.subBuilds ) {

							nodeData.subBuilds.add( subBuild );

						}

						//builder.getDataFromNode( node ).subBuilds = nodeData.subBuilds;

					}

				}

			}

			result = properties[ subBuildOutput ];

		} else if ( buildStage === 'analyze' ) {

			outputNode.build( builder, output );

		} else if ( buildStage === 'generate' ) {

			result = outputNode.build( builder, output ) || '';

		}

		builder.fnCall = previousFnCall;

		return result;

	}

}

function isArrayAsParameter( params ) {

	return params[ 0 ] && ( params[ 0 ].isNode || Object.getPrototypeOf( params[ 0 ] ) !== Object.prototype );

}

function getLayoutParameters( params ) {

	let output;

	nodeObjects( params );

	if ( isArrayAsParameter( params ) ) {

		output = [ ...params ];

	} else {

		output = params[ 0 ];

	}

	return output;

}

function getProxyParameters( params ) {

	let index = 0;

	nodeObjects( params );

	return new Proxy( params, {

		get: ( target, property, receiver ) => {

			let value;

			if ( property === 'length' ) {

				value = params.length;

				return value;

			}

			if ( Symbol.iterator === property ) {

				value = function* () {

					for ( const inputNode of params ) {

						yield nodeObject( inputNode );

					}

				};

			} else {

				if ( params.length > 0 ) {

					if ( Object.getPrototypeOf( params[ 0 ] ) === Object.prototype ) {

						const objectTarget = params[ 0 ];

						if ( objectTarget[ property ] === undefined ) {

							value = objectTarget[ index ++ ];

						} else {

							value = Reflect.get( objectTarget, property, receiver );

						}

					} else if ( params[ 0 ] instanceof Node ) {

						if ( params[ property ] === undefined ) {

							value = params[ index ++ ];

						} else {

							value = Reflect.get( params, property, receiver );

						}

					}

				} else {

					value = Reflect.get( target, property, receiver );

				}

				value = nodeObject( value );

			}

			return value;

		}

	} );

}

class ShaderNodeInternal extends Node {

	constructor( jsFunc, nodeType ) {

		super( nodeType );

		this.jsFunc = jsFunc;
		this.layout = null;

		this.global = true;

		this.once = false;

	}

	setLayout( layout ) {

		this.layout = layout;

		return this;

	}

	getLayout() {

		return this.layout;

	}

	call( rawInputs = null ) {

		return new ShaderCallNodeInternal( this, rawInputs );

	}

	setup() {

		return this.call();

	}

}

const bools = [ false, true ];
const uints = [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ];
const ints = [ -1, -2 ];
const floats = [ 0.5, 1.5, 1 / 3, 1e-6, 1e6, Math.PI, Math.PI * 2, 1 / Math.PI, 2 / Math.PI, 1 / ( Math.PI * 2 ), Math.PI / 2 ];

const boolsCacheMap = new Map();
for ( const bool of bools ) boolsCacheMap.set( bool, new ConstNode( bool ) );

const uintsCacheMap = new Map();
for ( const uint of uints ) uintsCacheMap.set( uint, new ConstNode( uint, 'uint' ) );

const intsCacheMap = new Map( [ ...uintsCacheMap ].map( el => new ConstNode( el.value, 'int' ) ) );
for ( const int of ints ) intsCacheMap.set( int, new ConstNode( int, 'int' ) );

const floatsCacheMap = new Map( [ ...intsCacheMap ].map( el => new ConstNode( el.value ) ) );
for ( const float of floats ) floatsCacheMap.set( float, new ConstNode( float ) );
for ( const float of floats ) floatsCacheMap.set( - float, new ConstNode( - float ) );

const cacheMaps = { bool: boolsCacheMap, uint: uintsCacheMap, ints: intsCacheMap, float: floatsCacheMap };

const constNodesCacheMap = new Map( [ ...boolsCacheMap, ...floatsCacheMap ] );

const getConstNode = ( value, type ) => {

	if ( constNodesCacheMap.has( value ) ) {

		return constNodesCacheMap.get( value );

	} else if ( value.isNode === true ) {

		return value;

	} else {

		return new ConstNode( value, type );

	}

};

const ConvertType = function ( type, cacheMap = null ) {

	return ( ...params ) => {

		for ( const param of params ) {

			if ( param === undefined ) {

				error( `TSL: Invalid parameter for the type "${ type }".`, new StackTrace() );

				return new ConstNode( 0, type );

			}

		}

		if ( params.length === 0 || ( ! [ 'bool', 'float', 'int', 'uint' ].includes( type ) && params.every( param => {

			const paramType = typeof param;

			return paramType !== 'object' && paramType !== 'function';

		} ) ) ) {

			params = [ getValueFromType( type, ...params ) ];

		}

		if ( params.length === 1 && cacheMap !== null && cacheMap.has( params[ 0 ] ) ) {

			return nodeObjectIntent( cacheMap.get( params[ 0 ] ) );

		}

		if ( params.length === 1 ) {

			const node = getConstNode( params[ 0 ], type );
			if ( node.nodeType === type ) return nodeObjectIntent( node );
			return nodeObjectIntent( new ConvertNode( node, type ) );

		}

		const nodes = params.map( param => getConstNode( param ) );
		return nodeObjectIntent( new JoinNode( nodes, type ) );

	};

};

// exports

function defined( value ) {

	if ( value && value.isNode ) {

		value.traverse( ( node ) => {

			if ( node.isConstNode ) {

				value = node.value;

			}

		} );

	}

	return Boolean( value );

}

// utils

const getConstNodeType = ( value ) => ( value !== undefined && value !== null ) ? ( value.nodeType || value.convertTo || ( typeof value === 'string' ? value : null ) ) : null;

// shader node base

function ShaderNode( jsFunc, nodeType ) {

	return new ShaderNodeInternal( jsFunc, nodeType );

}

const nodeObject = ( val, altType = null ) => /* new */ ShaderNodeObject( val, altType );
const nodeObjectIntent = ( val, altType = null ) => /* new */ nodeObject( val, altType ).toVarIntent();
const nodeObjects = ( val, altType = null ) => new ShaderNodeObjects( val, altType );
const nodeArray = ( val, altType = null ) => new ShaderNodeArray( val, altType );
const nodeProxy = ( NodeClass, scope = null, factor = null, settings = null ) => new ShaderNodeProxy( NodeClass, scope, factor, settings );
const nodeImmutable = ( NodeClass, ...params ) => new ShaderNodeImmutable( NodeClass, ...params );
const nodeProxyIntent = ( NodeClass, scope = null, factor = null, settings = {} ) => new ShaderNodeProxy( NodeClass, scope, factor, { ...settings, intent: true } );

const nodeProxyConstructor = ( constructorFunction, nodeInstance ) => {

	return new Proxy( constructorFunction, {

		get( target, prop, receiver ) {

			return Reflect.get( nodeInstance, prop, receiver );

		},

		set( target, prop, value ) {

			return Reflect.set( nodeInstance, prop, value );

		}

	} );

};

let fnId = 0;

class FnNode extends Node {

	constructor( jsFunc, layout = null ) {

		super();

		let nodeType = null;

		if ( layout !== null ) {

			if ( typeof layout === 'object' ) {

				nodeType = layout.return;

			} else {

				if ( typeof layout === 'string' ) {

					nodeType = layout;

				} else {

					error( 'TSL: Invalid layout type.', new StackTrace() );

				}

				layout = null;

			}

		}

		this.shaderNode = new ShaderNode( jsFunc, nodeType );

		if ( layout !== null ) {

			this.setLayout( layout );

		}

		this.isFn = true;

	}

	setLayout( layout ) {

		const nodeType = this.shaderNode.nodeType;

		if ( typeof layout.inputs !== 'object' ) {

			const fullLayout = {
				name: 'fn' + fnId ++,
				type: nodeType,
				inputs: []
			};

			for ( const name in layout ) {

				if ( name === 'return' ) continue;

				fullLayout.inputs.push( {
					name: name,
					type: layout[ name ]
				} );

			}

			layout = fullLayout;

		}

		this.shaderNode.setLayout( layout );

		return this;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.shaderNode.getNodeType( builder ) || 'float';

	}

	call( ...params ) {

		const fnCall = this.shaderNode.call( params );

		if ( this.shaderNode.nodeType === 'void' ) fnCall.toStack();

		return fnCall.toVarIntent();

	}

	once( subBuilds = null ) {

		this.shaderNode.once = true;
		this.shaderNode.subBuilds = subBuilds;

		return this;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

		error( 'TSL: "Fn()" was declared but not invoked. Try calling it like "Fn()( ...params )".', this.stackTrace );

		return builder.generateConst( type );

	}

}

function Fn( jsFunc, layout = null ) {

	const instance = new FnNode( jsFunc, layout );

	return new Proxy( () => {}, {

		apply( target, thisArg, params ) {

			return instance.call( ...params );

		},

		get( target, prop, receiver ) {

			return Reflect.get( instance, prop, receiver );

		},

		set( target, prop, value, receiver ) {

			return Reflect.set( instance, prop, value, receiver );

		}

	} );

}

//

const setCurrentStack = ( stack ) => {

	currentStack = stack;

};

const getCurrentStack = () => currentStack;

/**
 * Represent a conditional node using if/else statements.
 *
 * ```js
 * If( condition, function )
 * 	.ElseIf( condition, function )
 * 	.Else( function )
 * ```
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...any} params - The parameters for the conditional node.
 * @returns {StackNode} The conditional node.
 */
const If = ( ...params ) => currentStack.If( ...params );

/**
 * Represent a conditional node using switch/case statements.
 *
 * ```js
 * Switch( value )
 * 	.Case( 1, function )
 * 	.Case( 2, 3, 4, function )
 * 	.Default( function )
 * ```
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...any} params - The parameters for the conditional node.
 * @returns {StackNode} The conditional node.
 */
const Switch = ( ...params ) => currentStack.Switch( ...params );

/**
 * Add the given node to the current stack.
 *
 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
 * @returns {Node} The node that was added to the stack.
 */
function Stack( node ) {

	if ( currentStack ) currentStack.addToStack( node );

	return node;

}

addMethodChaining( 'toStack', Stack );

// types

const color = new ConvertType( 'color' );

const float = new ConvertType( 'float', cacheMaps.float );
const int = new ConvertType( 'int', cacheMaps.ints );
const uint = new ConvertType( 'uint', cacheMaps.uint );
const bool = new ConvertType( 'bool', cacheMaps.bool );

const vec2 = new ConvertType( 'vec2' );
const ivec2 = new ConvertType( 'ivec2' );
const uvec2 = new ConvertType( 'uvec2' );
const bvec2 = new ConvertType( 'bvec2' );

const vec3 = new ConvertType( 'vec3' );
const ivec3 = new ConvertType( 'ivec3' );
const uvec3 = new ConvertType( 'uvec3' );
const bvec3 = new ConvertType( 'bvec3' );

const vec4 = new ConvertType( 'vec4' );
const ivec4 = new ConvertType( 'ivec4' );
const uvec4 = new ConvertType( 'uvec4' );
const bvec4 = new ConvertType( 'bvec4' );

const mat2 = new ConvertType( 'mat2' );
const mat3 = new ConvertType( 'mat3' );
const mat4 = new ConvertType( 'mat4' );

addMethodChaining( 'toColor', color );
addMethodChaining( 'toFloat', float );
addMethodChaining( 'toInt', int );
addMethodChaining( 'toUint', uint );
addMethodChaining( 'toBool', bool );
addMethodChaining( 'toVec2', vec2 );
addMethodChaining( 'toIVec2', ivec2 );
addMethodChaining( 'toUVec2', uvec2 );
addMethodChaining( 'toBVec2', bvec2 );
addMethodChaining( 'toVec3', vec3 );
addMethodChaining( 'toIVec3', ivec3 );
addMethodChaining( 'toUVec3', uvec3 );
addMethodChaining( 'toBVec3', bvec3 );
addMethodChaining( 'toVec4', vec4 );
addMethodChaining( 'toIVec4', ivec4 );
addMethodChaining( 'toUVec4', uvec4 );
addMethodChaining( 'toBVec4', bvec4 );
addMethodChaining( 'toMat2', mat2 );
addMethodChaining( 'toMat3', mat3 );
addMethodChaining( 'toMat4', mat4 );

// basic nodes

const element = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ArrayElementNode ).setParameterLength( 2 );
const convert = ( node, types ) => new ConvertNode( nodeObject( node ), types );
const split = ( node, channels ) => new SplitNode( nodeObject( node ), channels );

addMethodChaining( 'element', element );
addMethodChaining( 'convert', convert );

/**
 * This class represents a shader property. It can be used
 * to explicitly define a property and assign a value to it.
 *
 * ```js
 * const threshold = property( 'float', 'threshold' ).assign( THRESHOLD );
 *```
 * `PropertyNode` is used by the engine to predefined common material properties
 * for TSL code.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class PropertyNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'PropertyNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new property node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} nodeType - The type of the node.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the property in the shader.
	 * @param {boolean} [varying=false] - Whether this property is a varying or not.
	 * @param {?Node} [placeholderNode=null] - The placeholder node if not assigned.
	 */
	constructor( nodeType, name = null, varying = false, placeholderNode = null ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * The name of the property in the shader. If no name is defined,
		 * the node system auto-generates one.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * Whether this property is a varying or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.varying = varying;

		/**
		 * The placeholder node of the property if it is not assigned.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.placeholderNode = nodeObject( placeholderNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isPropertyNode = true;

		/**
		 * This flag is used for global cache.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

	}

	getNodeType( builder ) {

		const nodeType = super.getNodeType( builder );

		if ( nodeType === 'output' ) {

			return builder.getOutputType();

		}

		return nodeType;

	}

	customCacheKey() {

		return hashString( this.type + ':' + ( this.name || '' ) + ':' + ( this.varying ? '1' : '0' ) );

	}

	getHash( builder ) {

		return this.name || super.getHash( builder );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		let nodeVar;

		if ( this.varying === true ) {

			nodeVar = builder.getVaryingFromNode( this, this.name );
			nodeVar.needsInterpolation = true;

		} else {

			nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this, this.name );

			if ( this.placeholderNode !== null ) {

				if ( builder.hasWriteUsage( this ) === false ) {

					const snippet = this.placeholderNode.build( builder, this.getNodeType( builder ) );

					builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar ) } = ${ snippet }`, this );

				}

			}

		}

		return builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a property node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} type - The type of the node.
 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the property in the shader.
 * @param {?Node} [placeholderNode=null] - The placeholder node if not assigned.
 * @returns {PropertyNode}
 */
const property = ( type, name, placeholderNode = null ) => new PropertyNode( type, name, false, placeholderNode );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a varying property node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} type - The type of the node.
 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the varying in the shader.
 * @param {?Node} [placeholderNode=null] - The placeholder node if not assigned.
 * @returns {PropertyNode}
 */
const varyingProperty = ( type, name, placeholderNode = null ) => new PropertyNode( type, name, true, placeholderNode );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `DiffuseColor`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<vec4>}
 */
const diffuseColor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'vec4', 'DiffuseColor' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `DiffuseContribution`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<vec3>}
 */
const diffuseContribution = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'vec3', 'DiffuseContribution' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `EmissiveColor`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<vec3>}
 */
const emissive = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'vec3', 'EmissiveColor' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Roughness`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const roughness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Roughness' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Metalness`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const metalness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Metalness' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Clearcoat`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const clearcoat = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Clearcoat' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `ClearcoatRoughness`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const clearcoatRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'ClearcoatRoughness' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Sheen`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<vec3>}
 */
const sheen = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'vec3', 'Sheen' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `SheenRoughness`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const sheenRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'SheenRoughness' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Iridescence`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const iridescence = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Iridescence' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `IridescenceIOR`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const iridescenceIOR = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'IridescenceIOR' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `IridescenceThickness`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const iridescenceThickness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'IridescenceThickness' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `AlphaT`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const alphaT = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'AlphaT' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Anisotropy`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const anisotropy = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Anisotropy' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `AnisotropyT`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<vec3>}
 */
const anisotropyT = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'vec3', 'AnisotropyT' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `AnisotropyB`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<vec3>}
 */
const anisotropyB = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'vec3', 'AnisotropyB' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `SpecularColor`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<color>}
 */
const specularColor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'color', 'SpecularColor' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `SpecularColorBlended`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<color>}
 */
const specularColorBlended = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'color', 'SpecularColorBlended' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `SpecularF90`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const specularF90 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'SpecularF90' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Shininess`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const shininess = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Shininess' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Output`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<vec4>}
 */
const output = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'output', 'Output' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `dashSize`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const dashSize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'dashSize' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `gapSize`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const gapSize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'gapSize' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `pointWidth`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const pointWidth = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'pointWidth' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `IOR`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const ior = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'IOR' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Transmission`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const transmission = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Transmission' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Thickness`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const thickness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Thickness' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `AttenuationDistance`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const attenuationDistance = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'AttenuationDistance' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `AttenuationColor`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<color>}
 */
const attenuationColor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'color', 'AttenuationColor' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Dispersion`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const dispersion = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Dispersion' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `Retroreflective`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const retroreflective = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'Retroreflective' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shader variable `AmbientOcclusion`.
 * If no value is assigned to this property, it defaults to a placeholder value of `1.0`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PropertyNode<float>}
 */
const ambientOcclusion = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PropertyNode, 'float', 'AmbientOcclusion', false, 1 );

/**
 * This node can be used to group single instances of {@link UniformNode}
 * and manage them as a uniform buffer.
 *
 * In most cases, the predefined nodes `objectGroup`, `renderGroup` and `frameGroup`
 * will be used when defining the {@link UniformNode#groupNode} property.
 *
 * - `objectGroup`: Uniform buffer per object.
 * - `renderGroup`: Shared uniform buffer, updated once per render call.
 * - `frameGroup`: Shared uniform buffer, updated once per frame.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class UniformGroupNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'UniformGroupNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new uniform group node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform group node.
	 * @param {boolean} [shared=false] - Whether this uniform group node is shared or not.
	 * @param {number} [order=1] - Influences the internal sorting.
	 * @param {string|null} [updateType=null] - The update type of the uniform group node.
	 */
	constructor( name, shared = false, order = 1, updateType = null ) {

		super( 'string' );

		/**
		 * The name of the uniform group node.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * Whether this uniform group node is shared or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.shared = shared;

		/**
		 * Influences the internal sorting.
		 * TODO: Add details when this property should be changed.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.order = order;

		/**
		 * The update type of the uniform group node.
		 *
		 * @type {string|null}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.updateType = updateType;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isUniformGroup = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Marks the uniform group node as needing an update.
	 * This will trigger the necessary updates in the rendering process.
	 */
	update() {

		this.needsUpdate = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Serializes the uniform group node to a JSON object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} data - The object to store the serialized data.
	 */
	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.name = this.name;
		data.version = this.version;
		data.shared = this.shared;

	}

	/**
	 * Deserializes the uniform group node from a JSON object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} data - The object containing the serialized data.
	 */
	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.name = data.name;
		this.version = data.version;
		this.shared = data.shared;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a uniform group node with the given name.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform group node.
 * @returns {UniformGroupNode}
 */
const uniformGroup = ( name, order = 1, updateType = null ) => new UniformGroupNode( name, false, order, updateType );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a shared uniform group node with the given name and order.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform group node.
 * @param {number} [order=0] - Influences the internal sorting.
 * @returns {UniformGroupNode}
 */
const sharedUniformGroup = ( name, order = 0, updateType = null ) => new UniformGroupNode( name, true, order, updateType );

/**
 * TSL object that represents a shared uniform group node which is updated once per frame.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
 */
const frameGroup = /*@__PURE__*/ sharedUniformGroup( 'frame', 0, NodeUpdateType.FRAME );

/**
 * TSL object that represents a shared uniform group node which is updated once per render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
 */
const renderGroup = /*@__PURE__*/ sharedUniformGroup( 'render', 0, NodeUpdateType.RENDER );

/**
 * TSL object that represents a uniform group node which is updated once per object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
 */
const objectGroup = /*@__PURE__*/ uniformGroup( 'object', 1, NodeUpdateType.OBJECT );

/**
 * Class for representing a uniform.
 *
 * @augments InputNode
 */
class UniformNode extends InputNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'UniformNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new uniform node.
	 *
	 * @param {any} value - The value of this node. Usually a JS primitive or three.js object (vector, matrix, color, texture).
	 * @param {?string} nodeType - The node type. If no explicit type is defined, the node tries to derive the type from its value.
	 */
	constructor( value, nodeType = null ) {

		super( value, nodeType );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isUniformNode = true;

		/**
		 * The name or label of the uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.name = '';

		/**
		 * The uniform group of this uniform. By default, uniforms are
		 * managed per object but they might belong to a shared group
		 * which is updated per frame or render call.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 */
		this.groupNode = objectGroup;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the {@link UniformNode#name} property.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform.
	 * @return {UniformNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setName( name ) {

		this.name = name;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the {@link UniformNode#name} property.
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform.
	 * @return {UniformNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	label( name ) {

		warn( 'TSL: "label()" has been deprecated. Use "setName()" instead.', new StackTrace() ); // @deprecated r179

		return this.setName( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the {@link UniformNode#groupNode} property.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} group - The uniform group.
	 * @return {UniformNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setGroup( group ) {

		this.groupNode = group;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the {@link UniformNode#groupNode}.
	 *
	 * @return {UniformGroupNode} The uniform group.
	 */
	getGroup() {

		return this.groupNode;

	}

	/**
	 * By default, this method returns the result of {@link Node#getHash} but derived
	 * classes might overwrite this method with a different implementation.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The uniform hash.
	 */
	getUniformHash( builder ) {

		return this.getHash( builder );

	}

	onUpdate( callback, updateType ) {

		callback = callback.bind( this );

		return super.onUpdate( ( frame ) => {

			const value = callback( frame, this );

			if ( value !== undefined ) {

				this.value = value;

			}

	 	}, updateType );

	}

	getInputType( builder ) {

		let type = super.getInputType( builder );

		if ( type === 'bool' ) {

			type = 'uint';

		}

		return type;

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

		const hash = this.getUniformHash( builder );

		let sharedNode = builder.getNodeFromHash( hash );

		if ( sharedNode === undefined ) {

			builder.setHashNode( this, hash );

			sharedNode = this;

		}

		const sharedNodeType = sharedNode.getInputType( builder );

		const nodeUniform = builder.getUniformFromNode( sharedNode, sharedNodeType, builder.shaderStage, this.name || builder.context.nodeName );
		const uniformName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeUniform );

		if ( builder.context.nodeName !== undefined ) delete builder.context.nodeName;

		//

		let snippet = uniformName;

		if ( type === 'bool' ) {

			// cache to variable

			const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

			let propertyName = nodeData.propertyName;

			if ( propertyName === undefined ) {

				const nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this, null, 'bool' );
				propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );

				nodeData.propertyName = propertyName;

				snippet = builder.format( uniformName, sharedNodeType, type );

				builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertyName } = ${ snippet }`, this );

			}

			snippet = propertyName;

		}

		return builder.format( snippet, type, output );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a uniform node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {any|string} value - The value of this uniform or your type. Usually a JS primitive or three.js object (vector, matrix, color, texture).
 * @param {string} [type] - The node type. If no explicit type is defined, the node tries to derive the type from its value.
 * @returns {UniformNode}
 */
const uniform = ( value, type ) => {

	const nodeType = getConstNodeType( type || value );

	if ( nodeType === value ) {

		// if the value is a type but no having a value

		value = getValueFromType( nodeType );

	}

	if ( value && value.isNode === true ) {

		let v = value.value;

		value.traverse( n => {

			if ( n.isConstNode === true ) {

				v = n.value;

			}

		} );

		value = v;

	}

	return new UniformNode( value, nodeType );

};

/**
 * ArrayNode represents a collection of nodes, typically created using the {@link array} function.
 * ```js
 * const colors = array( [
 * 	vec3( 1, 0, 0 ),
 * 	vec3( 0, 1, 0 ),
 * 	vec3( 0, 0, 1 )
 * ] );
 *
 * const redColor = tintColors.element( 0 );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class ArrayNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ArrayNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new array node.
	 *
	 * @param {?string} nodeType - The data type of the elements.
	 * @param {number} count - Size of the array.
	 * @param {?Array<Node>} [values=null] - Array default values.
	 */
	constructor( nodeType, count, values = null ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * Array size.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.count = count;

		/**
		 * Array default values.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.values = values;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isArrayNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the number of elements in the node array.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {number} The number of elements in the node array.
	 */
	getArrayCount( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this.count;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node's type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The type of the node.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.nodeType === null ) {

			return this.values[ 0 ].getNodeType( builder );

		}

		return this.nodeType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node's type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The type of the node.
	 */
	getElementType( builder ) {

		return this.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type of a member variable.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the member variable.
	 * @return {string} The type of the member variable.
	 */
	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		if ( this.nodeType === null ) {

			return this.values[ 0 ].getMemberType( builder, name );

		}

		return super.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	/**
	 * This method builds the output node and returns the resulting array as a shader string.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The generated shader string.
	 */
	generate( builder ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

		return builder.generateArray( type, this.count, this.values );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an array node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string|Array<Node>} nodeTypeOrValues - A string representing the element type (e.g., 'vec3')
 * or an array containing the default values (e.g., [ vec3() ]).
 * @param {?number} [count] - Size of the array.
 * @returns {ArrayNode}
 */
const array = ( ...params ) => {

	let node;

	if ( params.length === 1 ) {

		const values = params[ 0 ].map( ( value ) => nodeObject( value ) );

		node = new ArrayNode( null, values.length, values );

	} else {

		const nodeType = params[ 0 ];
		const count = params[ 1 ];

		node = new ArrayNode( nodeType, count );

	}

	return node;

};

addMethodChaining( 'toArray', ( node, count ) => array( Array( count ).fill( node ) ) );

/**
 * These node represents an assign operation. Meaning a node is assigned
 * to another node.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class AssignNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'AssignNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new assign node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} targetNode - The target node.
	 * @param {Node} sourceNode - The source type.
	 */
	constructor( targetNode, sourceNode ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The target node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.targetNode = targetNode;

		/**
		 * The source node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.sourceNode = sourceNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isAssignNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether this node is used more than once in context of other nodes. This method
	 * is overwritten since it always returns `false` (assigns are unique).
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} A flag that indicates if there is more than one dependency to other nodes. Always `false`.
	 */
	hasDependencies() {

		return false;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder, output ) {

		return output !== 'void' ? this.targetNode.getNodeType( builder ) : 'void';

	}

	/**
	 * Whether a split is required when assigning source to target. This can happen when the component length of
	 * target and source data type does not match.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether a split is required when assigning source to target.
	 */
	needsSplitAssign( builder ) {

		const { targetNode } = this;

		if ( builder.isAvailable( 'swizzleAssign' ) === false && targetNode.isSplitNode && targetNode.components.length > 1 ) {

			const targetLength = builder.getTypeLength( targetNode.node.getNodeType( builder ) );
			const assignDifferentVector = vectorComponents.join( '' ).slice( 0, targetLength ) !== targetNode.components;

			return assignDifferentVector;

		}

		return false;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { targetNode, sourceNode } = this;

		const scope = targetNode.getScope();

		const scopeData = builder.getDataFromNode( scope );
		scopeData.assign = true;

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		properties.sourceNode = sourceNode;
		properties.targetNode = targetNode.context( { assign: true } );

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const { targetNode, sourceNode } = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		const needsSplitAssign = this.needsSplitAssign( builder );

		const target = targetNode.build( builder );
		const targetType = targetNode.getNodeType( builder );

		const source = sourceNode.build( builder, targetType );
		const sourceType = sourceNode.getNodeType( builder );

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		//

		let snippet;

		if ( nodeData.initialized === true ) {

			if ( output !== 'void' ) {

				snippet = target;

			}

		} else if ( needsSplitAssign ) {

			const sourceVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this, null, targetType );
			const sourceProperty = builder.getPropertyName( sourceVar );

			builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ sourceProperty } = ${ source }`, this );

			const splitNode = targetNode.node;
			const splitTargetNode = splitNode.node.context( { assign: true } );

			const targetRoot = splitTargetNode.build( builder );

			for ( let i = 0; i < splitNode.components.length; i ++ ) {

				const component = splitNode.components[ i ];

				builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ targetRoot }.${ component } = ${ sourceProperty }[ ${ i } ]`, this );

			}

			if ( output !== 'void' ) {

				snippet = target;

			}

		} else {

			snippet = `${ target } = ${ source }`;

			if ( output === 'void' || sourceType === 'void' ) {

				builder.addLineFlowCode( snippet, this );

				if ( output !== 'void' ) {

					snippet = target;

				}

			}

		}

		nodeData.initialized = true;

		return builder.format( snippet, targetType, output );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an assign node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} targetNode - The target node.
 * @param {Node} sourceNode - The source type.
 * @returns {AssignNode}
 */
const assign = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( AssignNode ).setParameterLength( 2 );

addMethodChaining( 'assign', assign );

/**
 * This module represents the call of a {@link FunctionNode}. Developers are usually not confronted
 * with this module since they use the predefined TSL syntax `wgslFn` and `glslFn` which encapsulate
 * this logic.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class FunctionCallNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'FunctionCallNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new function call node.
	 *
	 * @param {?FunctionNode} functionNode - The function node.
	 * @param {Object<string, Node>} [parameters={}] - The parameters for the function call.
	 */
	constructor( functionNode = null, parameters = {} ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The function node.
		 *
		 * @type {?FunctionNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.functionNode = functionNode;

		/**
		 * The parameters of the function call.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string, Node>}
		 * @default {}
		 */
		this.parameters = parameters;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the parameters of the function call node.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string, Node>} parameters - The parameters to set.
	 * @return {FunctionCallNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setParameters( parameters ) {

		this.parameters = parameters;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the parameters of the function call node.
	 *
	 * @return {Object<string, Node>} The parameters of this node.
	 */
	getParameters() {

		return this.parameters;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type of this function call node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @returns {string} The type of this node.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.functionNode.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the function node of this function call node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} [name] - The name of the member.
	 * @returns {string} The type of the member.
	 */
	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		return this.functionNode.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const params = [];

		const functionNode = this.functionNode;

		const inputs = functionNode.getInputs( builder );
		const parameters = this.parameters;

		const generateInput = ( node, inputNode ) => {

			const type = inputNode.type;
			const pointer = type === 'pointer';

			let output;

			if ( pointer ) output = '&' + node.build( builder );
			else output = node.build( builder, type );

			return output;

		};

		if ( Array.isArray( parameters ) ) {

			if ( parameters.length > inputs.length ) {

				error( 'TSL: The number of provided parameters exceeds the expected number of inputs in \'Fn()\'.' );

				parameters.length = inputs.length;

			} else if ( parameters.length < inputs.length ) {

				error( 'TSL: The number of provided parameters is less than the expected number of inputs in \'Fn()\'.' );

				while ( parameters.length < inputs.length ) {

					parameters.push( float( 0 ) );

				}

			}

			for ( let i = 0; i < parameters.length; i ++ ) {

				params.push( generateInput( parameters[ i ], inputs[ i ] ) );

			}

		} else {

			for ( const inputNode of inputs ) {

				const node = parameters[ inputNode.name ];

				if ( node !== undefined ) {

					params.push( generateInput( node, inputNode ) );

				} else {

					error( `TSL: Input '${ inputNode.name }' not found in \'Fn()\'.` );

					params.push( generateInput( float( 0 ), inputNode ) );

				}

			}

		}

		const functionName = functionNode.build( builder, 'property' );

		return `${ functionName }( ${ params.join( ', ' ) } )`;

	}

}

const call = ( func, ...params ) => {

	params = params.length > 1 || ( params[ 0 ] && params[ 0 ].isNode === true ) ? nodeArray( params ) : nodeObjects( params[ 0 ] );

	return new FunctionCallNode( nodeObject( func ), params );

};

addMethodChaining( 'call', call );

const _vectorOperators = {
	'==': 'equal',
	'!=': 'notEqual',
	'<': 'lessThan',
	'>': 'greaterThan',
	'<=': 'lessThanEqual',
	'>=': 'greaterThanEqual',
	'%': 'mod'
};

/**
 * This node represents basic mathematical and logical operations like addition,
 * subtraction or comparisons (e.g. `equal()`).
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class OperatorNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'OperatorNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new operator node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} op - The operator.
	 * @param {Node} aNode - The first input.
	 * @param {Node} bNode - The second input.
	 * @param {...Node} params - Additional input parameters.
	 */
	constructor( op, aNode, bNode, ...params ) {

		super();

		if ( params.length > 0 ) {

			let finalOp = new OperatorNode( op, aNode, bNode );

			for ( let i = 0; i < params.length - 1; i ++ ) {

				finalOp = new OperatorNode( op, finalOp, params[ i ] );

			}

			aNode = finalOp;
			bNode = params[ params.length - 1 ];

		}

		/**
		 * The operator.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.op = op;

		/**
		 * The first input.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.aNode = aNode;

		/**
		 * The second input.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.bNode = bNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isOperatorNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the operator method name.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} output - The output type.
	 * @returns {string} The operator method name.
	 */
	getOperatorMethod( builder, output ) {

		return builder.getMethod( _vectorOperators[ this.op ], output );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from the operator
	 * and the input node types.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {?string} [output=null] - The output type.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder, output = null ) {

		const op = this.op;

		const aNode = this.aNode;
		const bNode = this.bNode;

		const typeA = aNode.getNodeType( builder );
		const typeB = bNode ? bNode.getNodeType( builder ) : null;

		if ( typeA === 'void' || typeB === 'void' ) {

			return output || 'void';

		} else if ( op === '%' ) {

			return typeA;

		} else if ( op === '~' || op === '&' || op === '|' || op === '^' || op === '>>' || op === '<<' ) {

			return builder.getIntegerType( typeA );

		} else if ( op === '&&' || op === '||' || op === '^^' ) {

			return 'bool';

		} else if ( op === '!' ) {

			const typeLength = builder.getTypeLength( typeA );

			return typeLength > 1 ? `bvec${ typeLength }` : 'bool';

		} else if ( op === '==' || op === '!=' || op === '<' || op === '>' || op === '<=' || op === '>=' ) {

			const typeLength = Math.max( builder.getTypeLength( typeA ), builder.getTypeLength( typeB ) );

			return typeLength > 1 ? `bvec${ typeLength }` : 'bool';

		} else {

			// Handle matrix operations

			if ( builder.isMatrix( typeA ) ) {

				if ( typeB === 'float' ) {

					return typeA; // matrix * scalar = matrix

				} else if ( builder.isVector( typeB ) ) {

					return builder.getVectorFromMatrix( typeA ); // matrix * vector

				} else if ( builder.isMatrix( typeB ) ) {

					return typeA; // matrix * matrix

				}

			} else if ( builder.isMatrix( typeB ) ) {

				if ( typeA === 'float' ) {

					return typeB; // scalar * matrix = matrix

				} else if ( builder.isVector( typeA ) ) {

					return builder.getVectorFromMatrix( typeB ); // vector * matrix

				}

			}

			// Handle non-matrix cases

			if ( builder.getTypeLength( typeB ) > builder.getTypeLength( typeA ) ) {

				// anytype x anytype: use the greater length vector

				return typeB;

			}

			return typeA;

		}

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const op = this.op;

		const { aNode, bNode } = this;

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder, output );

		let typeA = null;
		let typeB = null;

		if ( type !== 'void' ) {

			typeA = aNode.getNodeType( builder );
			typeB = bNode ? bNode.getNodeType( builder ) : null;

			if ( op === '<' || op === '>' || op === '<=' || op === '>=' || op === '==' || op === '!=' ) {

				if ( builder.isVector( typeA ) ) {

					typeB = typeA;

				} else if ( builder.isVector( typeB ) ) {

					typeA = typeB;

				} else if ( typeA !== typeB ) {

					typeA = typeB = 'float';

				}

			} else if ( op === '>>' || op === '<<' ) {

				typeA = type;
				typeB = builder.changeComponentType( typeB, 'uint' );

			} else if ( op === '%' ) {

				typeA = type;
				typeB = builder.isInteger( typeA ) && builder.isInteger( typeB ) ? typeB : typeA;

			} else if ( builder.isMatrix( typeA ) ) {

				if ( typeB === 'float' ) {

					// Keep matrix type for typeA, but ensure typeB stays float

					typeB = 'float';

				} else if ( builder.isVector( typeB ) ) {

					// matrix x vector
					typeB = builder.getVectorFromMatrix( typeA );

				} else if ( builder.isMatrix( typeB ) ) ; else {

					typeA = typeB = type;

				}

			} else if ( builder.isMatrix( typeB ) ) {

				if ( typeA === 'float' ) {

					// Keep matrix type for typeB, but ensure typeA stays float

					typeA = 'float';

				} else if ( builder.isVector( typeA ) ) {

					// vector x matrix

					typeA = builder.getVectorFromMatrix( typeB );

				} else {

					typeA = typeB = type;

				}

			} else {

				// anytype x anytype

				typeA = typeB = type;

			}

		} else {

			typeA = typeB = type;

		}

		const a = aNode.build( builder, typeA );
		const b = bNode ? bNode.build( builder, typeB ) : null;

		const fnOpSnippet = builder.getFunctionOperator( op );

		if ( output !== 'void' ) {

			const isGLSL = builder.renderer.coordinateSystem === WebGLCoordinateSystem;

			if ( op === '==' || op === '!=' || op === '<' || op === '>' || op === '<=' || op === '>=' ) {

				if ( isGLSL ) {

					if ( builder.isVector( typeA ) ) {

						return builder.format( `${ this.getOperatorMethod( builder, output ) }( ${ a }, ${ b } )`, type, output );

					} else {

						return builder.format( `( ${ a } ${ op } ${ b } )`, type, output );

					}

				} else {

					// WGSL

					return builder.format( `( ${ a } ${ op } ${ b } )`, type, output );

				}

			} else if ( op === '%' ) {

				if ( builder.isInteger( typeB ) ) {

					return builder.format( `( ${ a } % ${ b } )`, type, output );

				} else {

					return builder.format( `${ this.getOperatorMethod( builder, type ) }( ${ a }, ${ b } )`, type, output );

				}

			} else if ( op === '!' ) {

				if ( isGLSL && builder.isVector( typeA ) ) {

					return builder.format( `not( ${a} )`, output );

				} else {

					// WGSL and scalars on GLSL

					return builder.format( `( ${op} ${a} )`, typeA, output );

				}

			} else if ( op === '~' ) {

				return builder.format( `( ${op} ${a} )`, typeA, output );

			} else if ( fnOpSnippet ) {

				return builder.format( `${ fnOpSnippet }( ${ a }, ${ b } )`, type, output );

			} else {

				// Handle matrix operations

				if ( builder.isMatrix( typeA ) && typeB === 'float' ) {

					return builder.format( `( ${ b } ${ op } ${ a } )`, type, output );

				} else if ( typeA === 'float' && builder.isMatrix( typeB ) ) {

					return builder.format( `${ a } ${ op } ${ b }`, type, output );

				} else {

					let snippet = `( ${ a } ${ op } ${ b } )`;

					if ( ! isGLSL && type === 'bool' && builder.isVector( typeA ) && builder.isVector( typeB ) ) {

						snippet = `all${ snippet }`;

					}

					return builder.format( snippet, type, output );

				}

			}

		} else if ( typeA !== 'void' ) {

			if ( fnOpSnippet ) {

				return builder.format( `${ fnOpSnippet }( ${ a }, ${ b } )`, type, output );

			} else {

				if ( builder.isMatrix( typeA ) && typeB === 'float' ) {

					return builder.format( `${ b } ${ op } ${ a }`, type, output );

				} else {

					return builder.format( `${ a } ${ op } ${ b }`, type, output );

				}

			}

		}

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.op = this.op;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.op = data.op;

	}

}

/**
 * Returns the addition of two or more value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @param {...Node} params - Additional input parameters.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const add = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '+' ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity ).setName( 'add' );

/**
 * Returns the subtraction of two or more value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @param {...Node} params - Additional input parameters.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const sub = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '-' ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity ).setName( 'sub' );

/**
 * Returns the multiplication of two or more value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @param {...Node} params - Additional input parameters.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const mul = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '*' ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity ).setName( 'mul' );

/**
 * Returns the division of two or more value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @param {...Node} params - Additional input parameters.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const div = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '/' ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity ).setName( 'div' );

/**
 * Computes the remainder of dividing the first node by the second one.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const mod = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '%' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'mod' );

/**
 * Checks if two nodes are equal.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const equal = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '==' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'equal' );

/**
 * Checks if two nodes are not equal.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const notEqual = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '!=' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'notEqual' );

/**
 * Checks if the first node is less than the second.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const lessThan = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '<' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'lessThan' );

/**
 * Checks if the first node is greater than the second.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const greaterThan = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '>' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'greaterThan' );

/**
 * Checks if the first node is less than or equal to the second.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const lessThanEqual = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '<=' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'lessThanEqual' );

/**
 * Checks if the first node is greater than or equal to the second.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const greaterThanEqual = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '>=' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'greaterThanEqual' );

/**
 * Performs a logical AND operation on multiple nodes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...Node} nodes - The input nodes to be combined using AND.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const and = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '&&' ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity ).setName( 'and' );

/**
 * Performs a logical OR operation on multiple nodes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...Node} nodes - The input nodes to be combined using OR.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const or = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '||' ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity ).setName( 'or' );

/**
 * Performs logical NOT on a node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} value - The value.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const not = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '!' ).setParameterLength( 1 ).setName( 'not' );

/**
 * Performs logical XOR on two nodes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const xor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '^^' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'xor' );

/**
 * Performs bitwise AND on two nodes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const bitAnd = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '&' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'bitAnd' );

/**
 * Performs bitwise NOT on a node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const bitNot = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '~' ).setParameterLength( 1 ).setName( 'bitNot' );

/**
 * Performs bitwise OR on two nodes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const bitOr = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '|' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'bitOr' );

/**
 * Performs bitwise XOR on two nodes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The first input.
 * @param {Node} b - The second input.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const bitXor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '^' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'bitXor' );

/**
 * Shifts a node to the left.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The node to shift.
 * @param {Node} b - The value to shift.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const shiftLeft = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '<<' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'shiftLeft' );

/**
 * Shifts a node to the right.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The node to shift.
 * @param {Node} b - The value to shift.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const shiftRight = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( OperatorNode, '>>' ).setParameterLength( 2 ).setName( 'shiftRight' );

/**
 * Increments a node by 1.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The node to increment.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const incrementBefore = Fn( ( [ a ] ) => {

	a.addAssign( 1 );
	return a;

} );

/**
 * Decrements a node by 1.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The node to decrement.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const decrementBefore = Fn( ( [ a ] ) => {

	a.subAssign( 1 );
	return a;

} );

/**
 * Increments a node by 1 and returns the previous value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The node to increment.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const increment = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ a ] ) => {

	const temp = int( a ).toConst();
	a.addAssign( 1 );
	return temp;

} );

/**
 * Decrements a node by 1 and returns the previous value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} a - The node to decrement.
 * @returns {OperatorNode}
 */
const decrement = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ a ] ) => {

	const temp = int( a ).toConst();
	a.subAssign( 1 );
	return temp;

} );

addMethodChaining( 'add', add );
addMethodChaining( 'sub', sub );
addMethodChaining( 'mul', mul );
addMethodChaining( 'div', div );
addMethodChaining( 'mod', mod );
addMethodChaining( 'equal', equal );
addMethodChaining( 'notEqual', notEqual );
addMethodChaining( 'lessThan', lessThan );
addMethodChaining( 'greaterThan', greaterThan );
addMethodChaining( 'lessThanEqual', lessThanEqual );
addMethodChaining( 'greaterThanEqual', greaterThanEqual );
addMethodChaining( 'and', and );
addMethodChaining( 'or', or );
addMethodChaining( 'not', not );
addMethodChaining( 'xor', xor );
addMethodChaining( 'bitAnd', bitAnd );
addMethodChaining( 'bitNot', bitNot );
addMethodChaining( 'bitOr', bitOr );
addMethodChaining( 'bitXor', bitXor );
addMethodChaining( 'shiftLeft', shiftLeft );
addMethodChaining( 'shiftRight', shiftRight );

addMethodChaining( 'incrementBefore', incrementBefore );
addMethodChaining( 'decrementBefore', decrementBefore );
addMethodChaining( 'increment', increment );
addMethodChaining( 'decrement', decrement );

/**
 * This node represents a variety of mathematical methods available in shaders.
 * They are divided into three categories:
 *
 * - Methods with one input like `sin`, `cos` or `normalize`.
 * - Methods with two inputs like `dot`, `cross` or `pow`.
 * - Methods with three inputs like `mix`, `clamp` or `smoothstep`.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class MathNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'MathNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new math node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} method - The method name.
	 * @param {Node} aNode - The first input.
	 * @param {?Node} [bNode=null] - The second input.
	 * @param {?Node} [cNode=null] - The third input.
	 */
	constructor( method, aNode, bNode = null, cNode = null ) {

		super();

		// Allow the max() and min() functions to take an arbitrary number of arguments.

		if ( ( method === MathNode.MAX || method === MathNode.MIN ) && arguments.length > 3 ) {

			let finalOp = new MathNode( method, aNode, bNode );

			for ( let i = 3; i < arguments.length - 1; i ++ ) {

				finalOp = new MathNode( method, finalOp, arguments[ i ] );

			}

			aNode = finalOp;
			bNode = arguments[ arguments.length - 1 ];
			cNode = null;

		}

		/**
		 * The method name.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.method = method;

		/**
		 * The first input.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.aNode = aNode;

		/**
		 * The second input.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.bNode = bNode;

		/**
		 * The third input.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.cNode = cNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMathNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * The input type is inferred from the node types of the input nodes.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( builder ) {

		const aType = this.aNode.getNodeType( builder );
		const bType = this.bNode ? this.bNode.getNodeType( builder ) : null;
		const cType = this.cNode ? this.cNode.getNodeType( builder ) : null;

		const aLen = builder.isMatrix( aType ) ? 0 : builder.getTypeLength( aType );
		const bLen = builder.isMatrix( bType ) ? 0 : builder.getTypeLength( bType );
		const cLen = builder.isMatrix( cType ) ? 0 : builder.getTypeLength( cType );

		if ( aLen > bLen && aLen > cLen ) {

			return aType;

		} else if ( bLen > cLen ) {

			return bType;

		} else if ( cLen > aLen ) {

			return cType;

		}

		return aType;

	}

	/**
	 * The selected method as well as the input type determine the node type of this node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		const method = this.method;

		if ( method === MathNode.LENGTH || method === MathNode.DISTANCE || method === MathNode.DOT ) {

			return 'float';

		} else if ( method === MathNode.CROSS ) {

			return 'vec3';

		} else if ( method === MathNode.ALL || method === MathNode.ANY ) {

			return 'bool';

		} else if ( method === MathNode.EQUALS ) {

			return builder.changeComponentType( this.aNode.getNodeType( builder ), 'bool' );

		} else {

			return this.getInputType( builder );

		}

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { aNode, bNode, method } = this;

		let outputNode = null;

		if ( method === MathNode.ONE_MINUS ) {

			outputNode = sub( 1.0, aNode );

		} else if ( method === MathNode.RECIPROCAL ) {

			outputNode = div( 1.0, aNode );

		} else if ( method === MathNode.DIFFERENCE ) {

			outputNode = abs( sub( aNode, bNode ) );

		} else if ( method === MathNode.TRANSFORM_DIRECTION ) {

			// pre-multiplies the direction by the matrix and normalizes the result

			let matrixNode, directionNode;

			if ( builder.isMatrix( aNode.getNodeType( builder ) ) ) {

				matrixNode = aNode;
				directionNode = bNode;

			} else {

				matrixNode = bNode;
				directionNode = aNode;

			}

			outputNode = normalize( mul( matrixNode, vec4( vec3( directionNode ), 0.0 ) ).xyz );

		}

		if ( outputNode !== null ) {

			return outputNode;

		} else {

			return super.setup( builder );

		}

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		if ( properties.outputNode ) {

			return super.generate( builder, output );

		}

		let method = this.method;

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const inputType = this.getInputType( builder );

		const a = this.aNode;
		const b = this.bNode;
		const c = this.cNode;

		const coordinateSystem = builder.renderer.coordinateSystem;

		if ( method === MathNode.NEGATE ) {

			return builder.format( '( - ' + a.build( builder, inputType ) + ' )', type, output );

		} else {

			const params = [];

			if ( method === MathNode.CROSS ) {

				params.push(
					a.build( builder, type ),
					b.build( builder, type )
				);

			} else if ( coordinateSystem === WebGLCoordinateSystem && method === MathNode.STEP ) {

				params.push(
					a.build( builder, builder.getTypeLength( a.getNodeType( builder ) ) === 1 ? 'float' : inputType ),
					b.build( builder, inputType )
				);

			} else if ( coordinateSystem === WebGLCoordinateSystem && ( method === MathNode.MIN || method === MathNode.MAX ) ) {

				params.push(
					a.build( builder, inputType ),
					b.build( builder, builder.getTypeLength( b.getNodeType( builder ) ) === 1 ? 'float' : inputType )
				);

			} else if ( method === MathNode.REFRACT ) {

				params.push(
					a.build( builder, inputType ),
					b.build( builder, inputType ),
					c.build( builder, 'float' )
				);

			} else if ( method === MathNode.MIX ) {

				params.push(
					a.build( builder, inputType ),
					b.build( builder, inputType ),
					c.build( builder, builder.getTypeLength( c.getNodeType( builder ) ) === 1 ? 'float' : inputType )
				);

			} else {

				if ( coordinateSystem === WebGPUCoordinateSystem && method === MathNode.ATAN && b !== null ) {

					method = 'atan2';

				}

				if ( builder.shaderStage !== 'fragment' && ( method === MathNode.DFDX || method === MathNode.DFDY ) ) {

					warn( `TSL: '${ method }' is not supported in the ${ builder.shaderStage } stage.`, this.stackTrace );

					method = '/*' + method + '*/';

				}

				params.push( a.build( builder, inputType ) );
				if ( b !== null ) params.push( b.build( builder, inputType ) );
				if ( c !== null ) params.push( c.build( builder, inputType ) );

			}

			return builder.format( `${ builder.getMethod( method, type ) }( ${params.join( ', ' )} )`, type, output );

		}

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.method = this.method;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.method = data.method;

	}

}

// 1 input

MathNode.ALL = 'all';
MathNode.ANY = 'any';

MathNode.RADIANS = 'radians';
MathNode.DEGREES = 'degrees';
MathNode.EXP = 'exp';
MathNode.EXP2 = 'exp2';
MathNode.LOG = 'log';
MathNode.LOG2 = 'log2';
MathNode.SQRT = 'sqrt';
MathNode.INVERSE_SQRT = 'inversesqrt';
MathNode.FLOOR = 'floor';
MathNode.CEIL = 'ceil';
MathNode.NORMALIZE = 'normalize';
MathNode.FRACT = 'fract';
MathNode.SIN = 'sin';
MathNode.SINH = 'sinh';
MathNode.COS = 'cos';
MathNode.COSH = 'cosh';
MathNode.TAN = 'tan';
MathNode.TANH = 'tanh';
MathNode.ASIN = 'asin';
MathNode.ASINH = 'asinh';
MathNode.ACOS = 'acos';
MathNode.ACOSH = 'acosh';
MathNode.ATAN = 'atan';
MathNode.ATANH = 'atanh';
MathNode.ABS = 'abs';
MathNode.SIGN = 'sign';
MathNode.LENGTH = 'length';
MathNode.NEGATE = 'negate';
MathNode.ONE_MINUS = 'oneMinus';
MathNode.DFDX = 'dFdx';
MathNode.DFDY = 'dFdy';
MathNode.ROUND = 'round';
MathNode.RECIPROCAL = 'reciprocal';
MathNode.TRUNC = 'trunc';
MathNode.FWIDTH = 'fwidth';
MathNode.TRANSPOSE = 'transpose';
MathNode.DETERMINANT = 'determinant';
MathNode.INVERSE = 'inverse';

// 2 inputs

MathNode.EQUALS = 'equals';
MathNode.MIN = 'min';
MathNode.MAX = 'max';
MathNode.STEP = 'step';
MathNode.REFLECT = 'reflect';
MathNode.DISTANCE = 'distance';
MathNode.DIFFERENCE = 'difference';
MathNode.DOT = 'dot';
MathNode.CROSS = 'cross';
MathNode.POW = 'pow';
MathNode.TRANSFORM_DIRECTION = 'transformDirection';

// 3 inputs

MathNode.MIX = 'mix';
MathNode.CLAMP = 'clamp';
MathNode.REFRACT = 'refract';
MathNode.SMOOTHSTEP = 'smoothstep';
MathNode.FACEFORWARD = 'faceforward';

// 1 inputs

/**
 * A small value used to handle floating-point precision errors.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const EPSILON = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 1e-6 );

/**
 * Represents infinity.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const INFINITY = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 1e6 );

/**
 * Represents PI.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const PI = /*@__PURE__*/ float( Math.PI );

/**
 * Represents PI * 2. Please use the non-deprecated version `TWO_PI`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @deprecated
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const PI2 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( Math.PI * 2 ); // @deprecated r181

/**
 * Represents PI * 2.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const TWO_PI = /*@__PURE__*/ float( Math.PI * 2 );

/**
 * Represents PI / 2.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const HALF_PI = /*@__PURE__*/ float( Math.PI * 0.5 );

/**
 * Returns `true` if all components of `x` are `true`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node<bool>}
 */
const all = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ALL ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns `true` if any components of `x` are `true`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node<bool>}
 */
const any = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ANY ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Converts a quantity in degrees to radians.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The input in degrees.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const radians = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.RADIANS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Convert a quantity in radians to degrees.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The input in radians.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const degrees = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.DEGREES ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the natural exponentiation of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const exp = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.EXP ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns 2 raised to the power of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const exp2 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.EXP2 ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the natural logarithm of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const log = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.LOG ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the base 2 logarithm of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const log2 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.LOG2 ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the square root of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const sqrt = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.SQRT ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the inverse of the square root of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const inverseSqrt = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.INVERSE_SQRT ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Finds the nearest integer less than or equal to the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const floor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.FLOOR ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Finds the nearest integer that is greater than or equal to the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const ceil = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.CEIL ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Calculates the unit vector in the same direction as the original vector.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} x - The input vector.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const normalize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.NORMALIZE ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Computes the fractional part of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const fract = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.FRACT ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the sine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const sin = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.SIN ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the hyperbolic sine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const sinh = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.SINH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the cosine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const cos = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.COS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const cosh = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.COSH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the tangent of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const tan = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.TAN ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const tanh = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.TANH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the arcsine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const asin = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ASIN ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const asinh = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ASINH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the arccosine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const acos = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ACOS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const acosh = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ACOSH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the arc-tangent of the parameter.
 * If two parameters are provided, the result is `atan2(y/x)`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} y - The y parameter.
 * @param {?(Node | number)} x - The x parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const atan = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ATAN ).setParameterLength( 1, 2 );

/**
 * Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const atanh = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ATANH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the absolute value of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const abs = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ABS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Extracts the sign of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const sign = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.SIGN ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Calculates the length of a vector.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const length = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.LENGTH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Negates the value of the parameter (-x).
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const negate = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.NEGATE ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Return `1` minus the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const oneMinus = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ONE_MINUS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to x.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const dFdx = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.DFDX ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to y.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const dFdy = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.DFDY ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Rounds the parameter to the nearest integer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const round = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.ROUND ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the reciprocal of the parameter `(1/x)`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const reciprocal = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.RECIPROCAL ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Truncates the parameter, removing the fractional part.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const trunc = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.TRUNC ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the sum of the absolute derivatives in x and y.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const fwidth = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.FWIDTH ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the transpose of a matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<mat2|mat3|mat4>} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const transpose = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.TRANSPOSE ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the determinant of a matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<mat2|mat3|mat4>} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const determinant = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.DETERMINANT ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns the inverse of a matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<mat2|mat3|mat4>} x - The parameter.
 * @returns {Node<mat2|mat3|mat4>}
 */
const inverse = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.INVERSE ).setParameterLength( 1 );

// 2 inputs

/**
 * Returns the least of the given values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...(Node | number)} values - The values to compare.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const min$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.MIN ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity );

/**
 * Returns the greatest of the given values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...(Node | number)} values - The values to compare.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const max$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.MAX ).setParameterLength( 2, Infinity );

/**
 * Generate a step function by comparing two values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The y parameter.
 * @param {Node | number} y - The x parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const step = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.STEP ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Calculates the reflection direction for an incident vector.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} I - The incident vector.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} N - The normal vector.
 * @returns {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>}
 */
const reflect = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.REFLECT ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Calculates the distance between two points.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} x - The first point.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} y - The second point.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const distance = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.DISTANCE ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Calculates the absolute difference between two values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The first parameter.
 * @param {Node | number} y - The second parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const difference = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.DIFFERENCE ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Calculates the dot product of two vectors.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} x - The first vector.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} y - The second vector.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const dot = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.DOT ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Calculates the cross product of two vectors.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3>} x - The first vector.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3>} y - The second vector.
 * @returns {Node<float|vec3>}
 */
const cross = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.CROSS ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Return the value of the first parameter raised to the power of the second one.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The first parameter.
 * @param {Node | number} y - The second parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const pow = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.POW ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Returns the square of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The first parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const pow2 = ( x ) => mul( x, x );

/**
 * Returns the cube of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The first parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const pow3 = ( x ) => mul( x, x, x );

/**
 * Returns the fourth power of the parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The first parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const pow4 = ( x ) => mul( x, x, x, x );

/**
 * Transforms the direction of a vector by a matrix and then normalizes the result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} direction - The direction vector.
 * @param {Node<mat2|mat3|mat4>} matrix - The transformation matrix.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const transformDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.TRANSFORM_DIRECTION ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Transforms a normal vector by the view matrix and then normalizes the result.
 *
 * The upper-left 3x3 of the view matrix is assumed to be orthonormal, so the
 * normal can be transformed directly without involving the normal matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} normal - The normal vector, given in world space.
 * @param {Node<mat3|mat4>} viewMatrix - The view matrix.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The normal vector in view space.
 */
const transformNormalByViewMatrix = ( normal, viewMatrix ) => normalize( mul( viewMatrix, vec4( vec3( normal ), 0.0 ) ).xyz );

/**
 * Transforms a normal vector by the inverse of the view matrix and then normalizes the result.
 *
 * The upper-left 3x3 of the view matrix is assumed to be orthonormal, so post-multiplying
 * by the view matrix is equivalent to pre-multiplying by its inverse.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} normal - The normal vector, given in view space.
 * @param {Node<mat3|mat4>} viewMatrix - The view matrix.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The normal vector in world space.
 */
const transformNormalByInverseViewMatrix = ( normal, viewMatrix ) => normalize( vec4( vec3( normal ), 0.0 ).mul( viewMatrix ).xyz );

/**
 * Returns the cube root of a number.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} a - The first parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const cbrt = ( a ) => mul( sign( a ), pow( abs( a ), 1.0 / 3.0 ) );

/**
 * Calculate the squared length of a vector.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} a - The vector.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const lengthSq = ( a ) => dot( a, a );

/**
 * Linearly interpolates between two values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} a - The first parameter.
 * @param {Node | number} b - The second parameter.
 * @param {Node | number} t - The interpolation value.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const mix = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.MIX ).setParameterLength( 3 );

/**
 * Constrains a value to lie between two further values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} value - The value to constrain.
 * @param {Node | number} [low=0] - The lower bound.
 * @param {Node | number} [high=1] - The upper bound.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const clamp = ( value, low = 0, high = 1 ) => new MathNode( MathNode.CLAMP, nodeObject( value ), nodeObject( low ), nodeObject( high ) );

/**
 * Constrains a value between `0` and `1`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} value - The value to constrain.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const saturate = ( value ) => clamp( value );

/**
 * Calculates the refraction direction for an incident vector.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} I - The incident vector.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} N - The normal vector.
 * @param {Node<float>} eta - The ratio of indices of refraction.
 * @returns {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>}
 */
const refract = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.REFRACT ).setParameterLength( 3 );

/**
 * Performs a Hermite interpolation between two values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} low - The value of the lower edge of the Hermite function.
 * @param {Node | number} high - The value of the upper edge of the Hermite function.
 * @param {Node | number} x - The source value for interpolation.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const smoothstep = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.SMOOTHSTEP ).setParameterLength( 3 );

/**
 * Returns a vector pointing in the same direction as another.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} N - The vector to orient.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} I - The incident vector.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>} Nref - The reference vector.
 * @returns {Node<vec2|vec3|vec4>}
 */
const faceForward = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( MathNode, MathNode.FACEFORWARD ).setParameterLength( 3 );

/**
 * Returns a random value for the given uv.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} uv - The uv node.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const rand = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ uv ] ) => {

	const a = 12.9898, b = 78.233, c = 43758.5453;
	const dt = dot( uv.xy, vec2( a, b ) ), sn = mod( dt, PI );

	return fract( sin( sn ).mul( c ) );

} );

/**
 * Alias for `mix()` with a different parameter order.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} t - The interpolation value.
 * @param {Node | number} e1 - The first parameter.
 * @param {Node | number} e2 - The second parameter.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const mixElement = ( t, e1, e2 ) => mix( e1, e2, t );

/**
 * Alias for `smoothstep()` with a different parameter order.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The source value for interpolation.
 * @param {Node | number} low - The value of the lower edge of the Hermite function.
 * @param {Node | number} high - The value of the upper edge of the Hermite function.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const smoothstepElement = ( x, low, high ) => smoothstep( low, high, x );

/**
 * Alias for `step()` with a different parameter order.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The source value for interpolation.
 * @param {Node | number} edge - The edge value.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const stepElement = ( x, edge ) => step( edge, x );

// GLSL alias function

const faceforward = faceForward;
const inversesqrt = inverseSqrt;

// Method chaining

addMethodChaining( 'all', all );
addMethodChaining( 'any', any );

addMethodChaining( 'radians', radians );
addMethodChaining( 'degrees', degrees );
addMethodChaining( 'exp', exp );
addMethodChaining( 'exp2', exp2 );
addMethodChaining( 'log', log );
addMethodChaining( 'log2', log2 );
addMethodChaining( 'sqrt', sqrt );
addMethodChaining( 'inverseSqrt', inverseSqrt );
addMethodChaining( 'floor', floor );
addMethodChaining( 'ceil', ceil );
addMethodChaining( 'normalize', normalize );
addMethodChaining( 'fract', fract );
addMethodChaining( 'sin', sin );
addMethodChaining( 'sinh', sinh );
addMethodChaining( 'cos', cos );
addMethodChaining( 'cosh', cosh );
addMethodChaining( 'tan', tan );
addMethodChaining( 'tanh', tanh );
addMethodChaining( 'asin', asin );
addMethodChaining( 'asinh', asinh );
addMethodChaining( 'acos', acos );
addMethodChaining( 'acosh', acosh );
addMethodChaining( 'atan', atan );
addMethodChaining( 'atanh', atanh );
addMethodChaining( 'abs', abs );
addMethodChaining( 'sign', sign );
addMethodChaining( 'length', length );
addMethodChaining( 'lengthSq', lengthSq );
addMethodChaining( 'negate', negate );
addMethodChaining( 'oneMinus', oneMinus );
addMethodChaining( 'dFdx', dFdx );
addMethodChaining( 'dFdy', dFdy );
addMethodChaining( 'round', round );
addMethodChaining( 'reciprocal', reciprocal );
addMethodChaining( 'trunc', trunc );
addMethodChaining( 'fwidth', fwidth );
addMethodChaining( 'min', min$1 );
addMethodChaining( 'max', max$1 );
addMethodChaining( 'step', stepElement );
addMethodChaining( 'reflect', reflect );
addMethodChaining( 'distance', distance );
addMethodChaining( 'dot', dot );
addMethodChaining( 'cross', cross );
addMethodChaining( 'pow', pow );
addMethodChaining( 'pow2', pow2 );
addMethodChaining( 'pow3', pow3 );
addMethodChaining( 'pow4', pow4 );
addMethodChaining( 'transformDirection', transformDirection );
addMethodChaining( 'transformNormalByViewMatrix', transformNormalByViewMatrix );
addMethodChaining( 'transformNormalByInverseViewMatrix', transformNormalByInverseViewMatrix );
addMethodChaining( 'mix', mixElement );
addMethodChaining( 'clamp', clamp );
addMethodChaining( 'refract', refract );
addMethodChaining( 'smoothstep', smoothstepElement );
addMethodChaining( 'faceForward', faceForward );
addMethodChaining( 'difference', difference );
addMethodChaining( 'saturate', saturate );
addMethodChaining( 'cbrt', cbrt );
addMethodChaining( 'transpose', transpose );
addMethodChaining( 'determinant', determinant );
addMethodChaining( 'inverse', inverse );
addMethodChaining( 'rand', rand );

/**
 * Represents a logical `if/else` statement. Can be used as an alternative
 * to the `If()`/`Else()` syntax.
 *
 * The `select()` method is called in a chaining fashion on a condition. The parameter nodes of `select()`
 * determine the outcome of the entire statement.
 *
 * ```js
 * velocity = position.greaterThanEqual( limit ).select( velocity.negate(), velocity );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ConditionalNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ConditionalNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new conditional node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} condNode - The node that defines the condition.
	 * @param {Node} ifNode - The node that is evaluate when the condition ends up `true`.
	 * @param {?Node} [elseNode=null] - The node that is evaluate when the condition ends up `false`.
	 */
	constructor( condNode, ifNode, elseNode = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node that defines the condition.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.condNode = condNode;

		/**
		 * The node that is evaluate when the condition ends up `true`.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.ifNode = ifNode;

		/**
		 * The node that is evaluate when the condition ends up `false`.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.elseNode = elseNode;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from the if/else
	 * nodes.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		const { ifNode, elseNode } = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		if ( ifNode === undefined ) {

			// fallback setup

			builder.flowBuildStage( this, 'setup' );

			return this.getNodeType( builder );

		}

		const ifType = ifNode.getNodeType( builder );

		if ( elseNode !== null ) {

			const elseType = elseNode.getNodeType( builder );

			if ( builder.getTypeLength( elseType ) > builder.getTypeLength( ifType ) ) {

				return elseType;

			}

		}

		return ifType;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const condNode = this.condNode;
		const ifNode = this.ifNode.isolate();
		const elseNode = this.elseNode ? this.elseNode.isolate() : null;

		//

		const currentNodeBlock = builder.context.nodeBlock;

		builder.getDataFromNode( ifNode ).parentNodeBlock = currentNodeBlock;
		if ( elseNode !== null ) builder.getDataFromNode( elseNode ).parentNodeBlock = currentNodeBlock;

		//

		const isUniformFlow = builder.context.uniformFlow;

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		properties.condNode = condNode;
		properties.ifNode = isUniformFlow ? ifNode : ifNode.context( { nodeBlock: ifNode } );
		properties.elseNode = elseNode ? ( isUniformFlow ? elseNode : elseNode.context( { nodeBlock: elseNode } ) ) : null;

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		if ( nodeData.nodeProperty !== undefined ) {

			return nodeData.nodeProperty;

		}

		const { condNode, ifNode, elseNode } = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		const functionNode = builder.currentFunctionNode;
		const needsOutput = output !== 'void';
		const nodeProperty = needsOutput ? property( type ).build( builder ) : '';

		nodeData.nodeProperty = nodeProperty;

		const nodeSnippet = condNode.build( builder, 'bool' );
		const isUniformFlow = builder.context.uniformFlow;

		if ( isUniformFlow && elseNode !== null ) {

			const ifSnippet = ifNode.build( builder, type );
			const elseSnippet = elseNode.build( builder, type );

			const mathSnippet = builder.getTernary( nodeSnippet, ifSnippet, elseSnippet );

			// TODO: If node property already exists return something else

			return builder.format( mathSnippet, type, output );

		}

		builder.addFlowCode( `\n${ builder.tab }if ( ${ nodeSnippet } ) {\n\n` ).addFlowTab();

		let ifSnippet = ifNode.build( builder, type );

		if ( ifSnippet ) {

			if ( needsOutput ) {

				ifSnippet = nodeProperty + ' = ' + ifSnippet + ';';

			} else {

				ifSnippet = 'return ' + ifSnippet + ';';

				if ( functionNode === null ) {

					warn( 'TSL: Return statement used in an inline \'Fn()\'. Define a layout struct to allow return values.', this.stackTrace );

					ifSnippet = '// ' + ifSnippet;

				}

			}

		}

		builder.removeFlowTab().addFlowCode( builder.tab + '\t' + ifSnippet + '\n\n' + builder.tab + '}' );

		if ( elseNode !== null ) {

			builder.addFlowCode( ' else {\n\n' ).addFlowTab();

			let elseSnippet = elseNode.build( builder, type );

			if ( elseSnippet ) {

				if ( needsOutput ) {

					elseSnippet = nodeProperty + ' = ' + elseSnippet + ';';

				} else {

					elseSnippet = 'return ' + elseSnippet + ';';

					if ( functionNode === null ) {

						warn( 'TSL: Return statement used in an inline \'Fn()\'. Define a layout struct to allow return values.', this.stackTrace );

						elseSnippet = '// ' + elseSnippet;

					}

				}

			}

			builder.removeFlowTab().addFlowCode( builder.tab + '\t' + elseSnippet + '\n\n' + builder.tab + '}\n\n' );

		} else {

			builder.addFlowCode( '\n\n' );

		}

		return builder.format( nodeProperty, type, output );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a conditional node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} condNode - The node that defines the condition.
 * @param {Node} ifNode - The node that is evaluate when the condition ends up `true`.
 * @param {?Node} [elseNode=null] - The node that is evaluate when the condition ends up `false`.
 * @returns {ConditionalNode}
 */
const select = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ConditionalNode ).setParameterLength( 2, 3 );

addMethodChaining( 'select', select );

/**
 * This node can be used as a context management component for another node.
 * {@link NodeBuilder} performs its node building process in a specific context and
 * this node allows the modify the context. A typical use case is to overwrite `getUV()` e.g.:
 *
 * ```js
 *node.context( { getUV: () => customCoord } );
 *\// or
 *material.contextNode = context( { getUV: () => customCoord } );
 *\// or
 *renderer.contextNode = context( { getUV: () => customCoord } );
 *\// or
 *scenePass.contextNode = context( { getUV: () => customCoord } );
 *```
 * @augments Node
 */
class ContextNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ContextNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new context node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node whose context should be modified.
	 * @param {Object} [value={}] - The modified context data.
	 */
	constructor( node = null, value = {} ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isContextNode = true;

		/**
		 * The node whose context should be modified.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * The modified context data.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 * @default {}
		 */
		this.value = value;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten to ensure it returns the reference to {@link ContextNode#node}.
	 *
	 * @return {Node} A reference to {@link ContextNode#node}.
	 */
	getScope() {

		return this.node.getScope();

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten to ensure it returns the type of {@link ContextNode#node}.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.node.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Gathers the context data from all parent context nodes.
	 *
	 * @return {Object} The gathered context data.
	 */
	getFlowContextData() {

		const children = [];

		this.traverse( ( node ) => {

			if ( node.isContextNode === true ) {

				children.push( node.value );

			}

		} );

		return Object.assign( {}, ...children );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten to ensure it returns the member type of {@link ContextNode#node}.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} name - The member name.
	 * @returns {string} The member type.
	 */
	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		return this.node.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	analyze( builder ) {

		const previousContext = builder.addContext( this.value );

		this.node.build( builder );

		builder.setContext( previousContext );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const previousContext = builder.addContext( this.value );

		this.node.build( builder );

		builder.setContext( previousContext );

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const previousContext = builder.addContext( this.value );

		const snippet = this.node.build( builder, output );

		builder.setContext( previousContext );

		return snippet;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a context node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node|Object} [nodeOrValue={}] - The node whose context should be modified or the modified context data.
 * @param {Object} [value={}] - The modified context data.
 * @returns {ContextNode}
 */
const context = ( nodeOrValue = null, value = {} ) => {

	let node = nodeOrValue;

	if ( node === null || node.isNode !== true ) {

		value = node || value;
		node = null;

	}

	return new ContextNode( node, value );

};

/**
 * TSL function for defining a uniformFlow context value for a given node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node whose dependencies should all execute within a uniform control-flow path.
 * @returns {ContextNode}
 */
const uniformFlow = ( node ) => context( node, { uniformFlow: true } );

/**
 * TSL function for defining a name for the context value for a given node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node whose context should be modified.
 * @param {string} name - The name to set.
 * @returns {ContextNode}
 */
const setName = ( node, name ) => context( node, { nodeName: name } );

/**
 * TSL function for defining a built-in shadow context for a given node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {ShadowNode} shadowNode - The shadow node representing the light's shadow.
 * @param {Light} light - The light associated with the shadow.
 * @param {Node} [node=null] - The node whose context should be modified.
 * @returns {ContextNode}
 */
function builtinShadowContext( shadowNode, light, node = null ) {

	return context( node, {

		getShadow: ( { light: shadowLight, shadowColorNode } ) => {

			if ( light === shadowLight ) {

				return shadowColorNode.mul( shadowNode );

			}

			return shadowColorNode;

		}

	} );

}

/**
 * TSL function for defining a built-in ambient occlusion context for a given node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} aoNode - The ambient occlusion value node to apply.
 * @param {Node} [node=null] - The node whose context should be modified.
 * @returns {ContextNode}
 */
function builtinAOContext( aoNode, node = null ) {

	return context( node, {

		getAO: ( inputNode, { material } ) => {

			if ( material.transparent === true ) return inputNode;

			return inputNode !== null ? inputNode.mul( aoNode ) : aoNode;

		}

	} );

}

/**
 * TSL function for defining a label context value for a given node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @deprecated
 * @param {Node} node - The node whose context should be modified.
 * @param {string} name - The name/label to set.
 * @returns {ContextNode}
 */
function label( node, name ) {

	warn( 'TSL: "label()" has been deprecated. Use "setName()" instead.' ); // @deprecated r179

	return setName( node, name );

}

addMethodChaining( 'context', context );
addMethodChaining( 'label', label );
addMethodChaining( 'uniformFlow', uniformFlow );
addMethodChaining( 'setName', setName );
addMethodChaining( 'builtinShadowContext', ( node, shadowNode, light ) => builtinShadowContext( shadowNode, light, node ) );
addMethodChaining( 'builtinAOContext', ( node, aoValue ) => builtinAOContext( aoValue, node ) );

/**
 * Class for representing shader variables as nodes. Variables are created from
 * existing nodes like the following:
 *
 * ```js
 * const depth = sampleDepth( uvNode ).toVar( 'depth' );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class VarNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'VarNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new variable node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node for which a variable should be created.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the variable in the shader.
	 * @param {boolean} [readOnly=false] - The read-only flag.
	 */
	constructor( node, name = null, readOnly = false ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node for which a variable should be created.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * The name of the variable in the shader. If no name is defined,
		 * the node system auto-generates one.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * `VarNode` sets this property to `true` by default.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isVarNode = true;

		/**
		 *
		 * The read-only flag.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.readOnly = readOnly;

		/**
		 *
		 * Add this flag to the node system to indicate that this node require parents.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.parents = true;

		/**
		 * This flag is used to indicate that this node is used for intent.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.intent = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the intent flag for this node.
	 *
	 * This flag is used to indicate that this node is used for intent
	 * and should not be built directly. Instead, it is used to indicate that
	 * the node should be treated as a variable intent.
	 *
	 * It's useful for assigning variables without needing creating a new variable node.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The value to set for the intent flag.
	 * @returns {VarNode} This node.
	 */
	setIntent( value ) {

		this.intent = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if this node is used for intent.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @returns {boolean} Whether this node is used for intent.
	 */
	isIntent( builder ) {

		const data = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		if ( data.forceDeclaration === true ) return false;

		return this.intent;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the intent flag of this node.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} The intent flag.
	 */
	getIntent() {

		return this.intent;

	}

	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		return this.node.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	getElementType( builder ) {

		return this.node.getElementType( builder );

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.node.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	getArrayCount( builder ) {

		return this.node.getArrayCount( builder );

	}

	isAssign( builder ) {

		const data = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		return data.assign;

	}

	build( ...params ) {

		const builder = params[ 0 ];

		const refNode = this.getShared( builder );

		if ( this !== refNode ) {

			return refNode.build( ...params );

		}

		if ( this._hasStack( builder ) === false && builder.buildStage === 'setup' ) {

			if ( builder.context.nodeLoop || builder.context.nodeBlock ) {

				let addBefore = false;

				if ( this.node.isShaderCallNodeInternal && this.node.shaderNode.getLayout() === null ) {

					if ( builder.fnCall && builder.fnCall.shaderNode ) {

						const shaderNodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this.node.shaderNode );

						if ( shaderNodeData.hasLoop ) {

							const data = builder.getDataFromNode( this );
							data.forceDeclaration = true;

							addBefore = true;

						}

					}

				}

				const baseStack = builder.getBaseStack();

				if ( addBefore ) {

					baseStack.addToStackBefore( this );

				} else {

					baseStack.addToStack( this );

				}

			}

		}

		if ( this.isIntent( builder ) ) {

			if ( this.isAssign( builder ) !== true ) {

				return this.node.build( ...params );

			}

		}

		return super.build( ...params );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const { node, name, readOnly } = this;
		const { renderer } = builder;

		const isWebGPUBackend = renderer.backend.isWebGPUBackend === true;

		let isDeterministic = false;
		let shouldTreatAsReadOnly = false;

		if ( readOnly ) {

			isDeterministic = builder.isDeterministic( node );

			shouldTreatAsReadOnly = isWebGPUBackend ? readOnly : isDeterministic;

		}

		const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );

		if ( nodeType == 'void' ) {

			if ( this.isIntent( builder ) !== true ) {

				error( 'TSL: ".toVar()" can not be used with void type.', this.stackTrace );

			}

			const snippet = node.build( builder );

			return snippet;

		}

		const vectorType = builder.getVectorType( nodeType );
		const snippet = node.build( builder, vectorType );

		const nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this, name, vectorType, undefined, shouldTreatAsReadOnly );

		const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );

		let declarationPrefix = propertyName;

		if ( shouldTreatAsReadOnly ) {

			if ( isWebGPUBackend ) {

				declarationPrefix = isDeterministic
					? `const ${ propertyName }`
					: `let ${ propertyName }`;

			} else {

				const count = node.getArrayCount( builder );

				declarationPrefix = `const ${ builder.getVar( nodeVar.type, propertyName, count ) }`;

			}

		}

		builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ declarationPrefix } = ${ snippet }`, this );

		return propertyName;

	}

	_hasStack( builder ) {

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		return nodeData.stack !== undefined;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a var node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node for which a variable should be created.
 * @param {?string} name - The name of the variable in the shader.
 * @returns {VarNode}
 */
const createVar = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( VarNode );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a var node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node for which a variable should be created.
 * @param {?string} name - The name of the variable in the shader.
 * @returns {VarNode}
 */
const Var = ( node, name = null ) => createVar( node, name ).toStack();

/**
 * TSL function for creating a const node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node for which a constant should be created.
 * @param {?string} name - The name of the constant in the shader.
 * @returns {VarNode}
 */
const Const = ( node, name = null ) => createVar( node, name, true ).toStack();

//
//

/**
 * TSL function for creating a var intent node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node for which a variable should be created.
 * @param {?string} name - The name of the variable in the shader.
 * @returns {VarNode}
 */
const VarIntent = ( node ) => {

	return createVar( node ).setIntent( true ).toStack();

};

// Method chaining

addMethodChaining( 'toVar', Var );
addMethodChaining( 'toConst', Const );
addMethodChaining( 'toVarIntent', VarIntent );

/**
 * This node is used to build a sub-build in the node system.
 *
 * @augments Node
 * @param {Node} node - The node to be built in the sub-build.
 * @param {string} name - The name of the sub-build.
 * @param {?string} [nodeType=null] - The type of the node, if known.
 */
class SubBuildNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'SubBuild';

	}

	constructor( node, name, nodeType = null ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * The node to be built in the sub-build.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * The name of the sub-build.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSubBuildNode = true;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.nodeType !== null ) return this.nodeType;

		builder.addSubBuild( this.name );

		const nodeType = this.node.getNodeType( builder );

		builder.removeSubBuild();

		return nodeType;

	}

	build( builder, ...params ) {

		builder.addSubBuild( this.name );

		const data = this.node.build( builder, ...params );

		builder.removeSubBuild();

		return data;

	}

}

/**
 * Creates a new sub-build node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node to be built in the sub-build.
 * @param {string} name - The name of the sub-build.
 * @param {?string} [type=null] - The type of the node, if known.
 * @returns {Node} A node object wrapping the SubBuildNode instance.
 */
const subBuild = ( node, name, type = null ) => new SubBuildNode( nodeObject( node ), name, type );

/**
 * Class for representing shader varyings as nodes. Varyings are create from
 * existing nodes like the following:
 *
 * ```js
 * const positionLocal = positionGeometry.toVarying( 'vPositionLocal' );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class VaryingNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'VaryingNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new varying node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node for which a varying should be created.
	 * @param {?string} name - The name of the varying in the shader.
	 */
	constructor( node, name = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node for which a varying should be created.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = subBuild( node, 'VERTEX' );

		/**
		 * The name of the varying in the shader. If no name is defined,
		 * the node system auto-generates one.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isVaryingNode = true;

		/**
		 * The interpolation type of the varying data.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.interpolationType = null;

		/**
		 * The interpolation sampling type of varying data.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.interpolationSampling = null;

		/**
		 * This flag is used for global cache.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the interpolation type of the varying.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The interpolation type.
	 * @param {?string} sampling - The interpolation sampling type
	 * @return {VaryingNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setInterpolation( type, sampling = null ) {

		this.interpolationType = type;
		this.interpolationSampling = sampling;

		return this;

	}

	getHash( builder ) {

		return this.name || super.getHash( builder );

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		// VaryingNode is auto type

		return this.node.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs the setup of a varying node with the current node builder.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {NodeVarying} The node varying from the node builder.
	 */
	setupVarying( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		let varying = properties.varying;

		if ( varying === undefined ) {

			const name = this.name;
			const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
			const interpolationType = this.interpolationType;
			const interpolationSampling = this.interpolationSampling;

			properties.varying = varying = builder.getVaryingFromNode( this, name, type, interpolationType, interpolationSampling );
			properties.node = subBuild( this.node, 'VERTEX' );

		}

		// this property can be used to check if the varying can be optimized for a variable
		varying.needsInterpolation || ( varying.needsInterpolation = ( builder.shaderStage === 'fragment' ) );

		return varying;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		this.setupVarying( builder );

		builder.flowNodeFromShaderStage( NodeShaderStage.VERTEX, this.node );

	}

	analyze( builder ) {

		this.setupVarying( builder );

		builder.flowNodeFromShaderStage( NodeShaderStage.VERTEX, this.node );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const propertyKey = builder.getSubBuildProperty( 'property', builder.currentStack );
		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		const varying = this.setupVarying( builder );

		if ( properties[ propertyKey ] === undefined ) {

			const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
			const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( varying, NodeShaderStage.VERTEX );

			if ( builder.shaderStage === NodeShaderStage.VERTEX ) {

				const snippet = properties.node.build( builder, type );

				builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertyName } = ${ snippet }`, this );

			} else {

				// force node run in vertex stage
				builder.flowNodeFromShaderStage( NodeShaderStage.VERTEX, properties.node, type, propertyName );

			}

			properties[ propertyKey ] = propertyName;

		}

		return builder.getPropertyName( varying );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a varying node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node for which a varying should be created.
 * @param {?string} name - The name of the varying in the shader.
 * @returns {VaryingNode}
 */
const varying = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( VaryingNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 2 );

/**
 * Computes a node in the vertex stage.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node which should be executed in the vertex stage.
 * @returns {VaryingNode}
 */
const vertexStage = ( node ) => varying( node );

addMethodChaining( 'toVarying', varying );
addMethodChaining( 'toVertexStage', vertexStage );

/**
 * Converts the given color value from sRGB to linear-sRGB color space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The sRGB color.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The linear-sRGB color.
 */
const sRGBTransferEOTF = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color ] ) => {

	const a = color.mul( 0.9478672986 ).add( 0.0521327014 ).pow( 2.4 );
	const b = color.mul( 0.0773993808 );
	const factor = color.lessThanEqual( 0.04045 );

	const rgbResult = mix( a, b, factor );

	return rgbResult;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'sRGBTransferEOTF',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Converts the given color value from linear-sRGB to sRGB color space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The linear-sRGB color.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The sRGB color.
 */
const sRGBTransferOETF = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color ] ) => {

	const a = color.pow( 0.41666 ).mul( 1.055 ).sub( 0.055 );
	const b = color.mul( 12.92 );
	const factor = color.lessThanEqual( 0.0031308 );

	const rgbResult = mix( a, b, factor );

	return rgbResult;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'sRGBTransferOETF',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const WORKING_COLOR_SPACE = 'WorkingColorSpace';
const OUTPUT_COLOR_SPACE = 'OutputColorSpace';

/**
 * This node represents a color space conversion. Meaning it converts
 * a color value from a source to a target color space.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class ColorSpaceNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ColorSpaceNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new color space node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} colorNode - Represents the color to convert.
	 * @param {string} source - The source color space.
	 * @param {string} target - The target color space.
	 */
	constructor( colorNode, source, target ) {

		super( 'vec4' );

		/**
		 * Represents the color to convert.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.colorNode = colorNode;

		/**
		 * The source color space.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.source = source;

		/**
		 * The target color space.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.target = target;

	}

	/**
	 * This method resolves the constants `WORKING_COLOR_SPACE` and
	 * `OUTPUT_COLOR_SPACE` based on the current configuration of the
	 * color management and renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} colorSpace - The color space to resolve.
	 * @return {string} The resolved color space.
	 */
	resolveColorSpace( builder, colorSpace ) {

		if ( colorSpace === WORKING_COLOR_SPACE ) {

			return ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;

		} else if ( colorSpace === OUTPUT_COLOR_SPACE ) {

			return builder.context.outputColorSpace || builder.renderer.outputColorSpace;

		}

		return colorSpace;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { colorNode } = this;

		const source = this.resolveColorSpace( builder, this.source );
		const target = this.resolveColorSpace( builder, this.target );

		let outputNode = colorNode;

		if ( ColorManagement.enabled === false || source === target || ! source || ! target ) {

			return outputNode;

		}

		if ( ColorManagement.getTransfer( source ) === SRGBTransfer ) {

			outputNode = vec4( sRGBTransferEOTF( outputNode.rgb ), outputNode.a );

		}

		if ( ColorManagement.getPrimaries( source ) !== ColorManagement.getPrimaries( target ) ) {

			outputNode = vec4(
				mat3( ColorManagement._getMatrix( new Matrix3(), source, target ) ).mul( outputNode.rgb ),
				outputNode.a
			);

		}

		if ( ColorManagement.getTransfer( target ) === SRGBTransfer ) {

			outputNode = vec4( sRGBTransferOETF( outputNode.rgb ), outputNode.a );

		}

		return outputNode;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for converting a given color node from the current working color space to the given color space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - Represents the node to convert.
 * @param {string} targetColorSpace - The target color space.
 * @returns {ColorSpaceNode}
 */
const workingToColorSpace = ( node, targetColorSpace ) => new ColorSpaceNode( nodeObject( node ), WORKING_COLOR_SPACE, targetColorSpace );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a given color node from the given color space to the current working color space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - Represents the node to convert.
 * @param {string} sourceColorSpace - The source color space.
 * @returns {ColorSpaceNode}
 */
const colorSpaceToWorking = ( node, sourceColorSpace ) => new ColorSpaceNode( nodeObject( node ), sourceColorSpace, WORKING_COLOR_SPACE );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a given color node from one color space to another one.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - Represents the node to convert.
 * @param {string} sourceColorSpace - The source color space.
 * @param {string} targetColorSpace - The target color space.
 * @returns {ColorSpaceNode}
 */
const convertColorSpace = ( node, sourceColorSpace, targetColorSpace ) => new ColorSpaceNode( nodeObject( node ), sourceColorSpace, targetColorSpace );

addMethodChaining( 'workingToColorSpace', workingToColorSpace );
addMethodChaining( 'colorSpaceToWorking', colorSpaceToWorking );

// TODO: Avoid duplicated code and use only ReferenceBaseNode or ReferenceNode

/**
 * This class is only relevant if the referenced property is array-like.
 * In this case, `ReferenceElementNode` allows to refer to a specific
 * element inside the data structure via an index.
 *
 * @augments ArrayElementNode
 */
let ReferenceElementNode$1 = class ReferenceElementNode extends ArrayElementNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ReferenceElementNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new reference element node.
	 *
	 * @param {ReferenceBaseNode} referenceNode - The reference node.
	 * @param {Node} indexNode - The index node that defines the element access.
	 */
	constructor( referenceNode, indexNode ) {

		super( referenceNode, indexNode );

		/**
		 * Similar to {@link ReferenceBaseNode#reference}, an additional
		 * property references to the current node.
		 *
		 * @type {?ReferenceBaseNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.referenceNode = referenceNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isReferenceElementNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from
	 * the uniform type of the reference node.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType() {

		return this.referenceNode.uniformType;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const snippet = super.generate( builder );
		const arrayType = this.referenceNode.getNodeType();
		const elementType = this.getNodeType();

		return builder.format( snippet, arrayType, elementType );

	}

};

/**
 * Base class for nodes which establishes a reference to a property of another object.
 * In this way, the value of the node is automatically linked to the value of
 * referenced object. Reference nodes internally represent the linked value
 * as a uniform.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ReferenceBaseNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ReferenceBaseNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new reference base node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the property the node refers to.
	 * @param {string} uniformType - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
	 * @param {?Object} [object=null] - The object the property belongs to.
	 * @param {?number} [count=null] - When the linked property is an array-like, this parameter defines its length.
	 */
	constructor( property, uniformType, object = null, count = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The name of the property the node refers to.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.property = property;

		/**
		 * The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.uniformType = uniformType;

		/**
		 * The object the property belongs to.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.object = object;

		/**
		 * When the linked property is an array, this parameter defines its length.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.count = count;

		/**
		 * The property name might have dots so nested properties can be referred.
		 * The hierarchy of the names is stored inside this array.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<string>}
		 */
		this.properties = property.split( '.' );

		/**
		 * Points to the current referred object. This property exists next to {@link ReferenceNode#object}
		 * since the final reference might be updated from calling code.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.reference = object;

		/**
		 * The uniform node that holds the value of the reference node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.node = null;

		/**
		 * The uniform group of the internal uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.group = null;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since reference nodes are updated per object.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'object'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the uniform group for this reference node.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} group - The uniform group to set.
	 * @return {ReferenceBaseNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setGroup( group ) {

		this.group = group;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * When the referred property is array-like, this method can be used
	 * to access elements via an index node.
	 *
	 * @param {IndexNode} indexNode - indexNode.
	 * @return {ReferenceElementNode} A reference to an element.
	 */
	element( indexNode ) {

		return new ReferenceElementNode$1( this, nodeObject( indexNode ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the node type which automatically defines the internal
	 * uniform type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uniformType - The type to set.
	 */
	setNodeType( uniformType ) {

		const node = uniform( null, uniformType );

		if ( this.group !== null ) {

			node.setGroup( this.group );

		}

		this.node = node;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from
	 * the type of the reference node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.node === null ) {

			this.updateReference( builder );
			this.updateValue();

		}

		return this.node.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the property value from the given referred object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [object=this.reference] - The object to retrieve the property value from.
	 * @return {any} The value.
	 */
	getValueFromReference( object = this.reference ) {

		const { properties } = this;

		let value = object[ properties[ 0 ] ];

		for ( let i = 1; i < properties.length; i ++ ) {

			value = value[ properties[ i ] ];

		}

		return value;

	}

	/**
	 * Allows to update the reference based on the given state. The state is only
	 * evaluated {@link ReferenceBaseNode#object} is not set.
	 *
	 * @param {(NodeFrame|NodeBuilder)} state - The current state.
	 * @return {Object} The updated reference.
	 */
	updateReference( state ) {

		this.reference = this.object !== null ? this.object : state.object;

		return this.reference;

	}

	/**
	 * The output of the reference node is the internal uniform node.
	 *
	 * @return {UniformNode} The output node.
	 */
	setup() {

		this.updateValue();

		return this.node;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to update the internal uniform value.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( /*frame*/ ) {

		this.updateValue();

	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the value from the referred object property and uses it
	 * to updated the internal uniform.
	 */
	updateValue() {

		if ( this.node === null ) this.setNodeType( this.uniformType );

		const value = this.getValueFromReference();

		if ( Array.isArray( value ) ) {

			this.node.array = value;

		} else {

			this.node.value = value;

		}

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a reference base node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the property the node refers to.
 * @param {string} type - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
 * @param {Object} object - The object the property belongs to.
 * @returns {ReferenceBaseNode}
 */
const reference$1 = ( name, type, object ) => new ReferenceBaseNode( name, type, object );

/**
 * This node is a special type of reference node which is intended
 * for linking renderer properties with node values.
 * ```js
 * const exposureNode = rendererReference( 'toneMappingExposure', 'float', renderer );
 * ```
 * When changing `renderer.toneMappingExposure`, the node value of `exposureNode` will
 * automatically be updated.
 *
 * @augments ReferenceBaseNode
 */
class RendererReferenceNode extends ReferenceBaseNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'RendererReferenceNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new renderer reference node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the property the node refers to.
	 * @param {string} inputType - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
	 * @param {?Renderer} [renderer=null] - The renderer the property belongs to. When no renderer is set,
	 * the node refers to the renderer of the current state.
	 */
	constructor( property, inputType, renderer = null ) {

		super( property, inputType, renderer );

		/**
		 * The renderer the property belongs to. When no renderer is set,
		 * the node refers to the renderer of the current state.
		 *
		 * @type {?Renderer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		this.setGroup( renderGroup );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the reference based on the given state. The state is only evaluated
	 * {@link RendererReferenceNode#renderer} is not set.
	 *
	 * @param {(NodeFrame|NodeBuilder)} state - The current state.
	 * @return {Object} The updated reference.
	 */
	updateReference( state ) {

		this.reference = this.renderer !== null ? this.renderer : state.renderer;

		return this.reference;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a renderer reference node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the property the node refers to.
 * @param {string} type - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
 * @param {?Renderer} [renderer=null] - The renderer the property belongs to. When no renderer is set,
 * the node refers to the renderer of the current state.
 * @returns {RendererReferenceNode}
 */
const rendererReference = ( name, type, renderer = null ) => new RendererReferenceNode( name, type, renderer );

/**
 * This node represents a tone mapping operation.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class ToneMappingNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ToneMappingNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new tone mapping node.
	 *
	 * @param {number} toneMapping - The tone mapping type.
	 * @param {Node} exposureNode - The tone mapping exposure.
	 * @param {Node} [colorNode=null] - The color node to process.
	 */
	constructor( toneMapping, exposureNode = toneMappingExposure, colorNode = null ) {

		super( 'vec3' );

		/**
		 * The tone mapping type.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this._toneMapping = toneMapping;

		/**
		 * The tone mapping exposure.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.exposureNode = exposureNode;

		/**
		 * Represents the color to process.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.colorNode = colorNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default `customCacheKey()` implementation by including the tone
	 * mapping type into the cache key.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The hash.
	 */
	customCacheKey() {

		return hash$1( this._toneMapping );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the tone mapping type.
	 *
	 * @param {number} value - The tone mapping type.
	 * @return {ToneMappingNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setToneMapping( value ) {

		this._toneMapping = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the tone mapping type.
	 *
	 * @returns {number} The tone mapping type.
	 */
	getToneMapping() {

		return this._toneMapping;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const colorNode = this.colorNode || builder.context.color;
		const toneMapping = this._toneMapping;

		if ( toneMapping === NoToneMapping ) return colorNode;

		let outputNode = null;

		const toneMappingFn = builder.renderer.library.getToneMappingFunction( toneMapping );

		if ( toneMappingFn !== null ) {

			outputNode = vec4( toneMappingFn( colorNode.rgb, this.exposureNode ), colorNode.a );

		} else {

			error( 'ToneMappingNode: Unsupported Tone Mapping configuration.', toneMapping );

			outputNode = colorNode;

		}

		return outputNode;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a tone mapping node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {number} mapping - The tone mapping type.
 * @param {Node<float> | number} exposure - The tone mapping exposure.
 * @param {Node<vec3> | Color} color - The color node to process.
 * @returns {ToneMappingNode<vec3>}
 */
const toneMapping = ( mapping, exposure, color ) => new ToneMappingNode( mapping, nodeObject( exposure ), nodeObject( color ) );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the global tone mapping exposure of the renderer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {RendererReferenceNode<vec3>}
 */
const toneMappingExposure = /*@__PURE__*/ rendererReference( 'toneMappingExposure', 'float' );

addMethodChaining( 'toneMapping', ( color, mapping, exposure ) => toneMapping( mapping, exposure, color ) );

/**
 * Internal buffer attribute library.
 *
 * @private
 * @type {WeakMap<TypedArray, InterleavedBuffer>}
 */
const _bufferLib = new WeakMap();

/**
 * Internal method for retrieving or creating interleaved buffers.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {TypedArray} value - The attribute data.
 * @param {number} itemSize - The attribute item size.
 * @returns {InterleavedBuffer} The interleaved buffer.
 */
function _getBufferAttribute( value, itemSize ) {

	let buffer = _bufferLib.get( value );

	if ( buffer === undefined ) {

		buffer = new InterleavedBuffer( value, itemSize );

		_bufferLib.set( value, buffer );

	}

	return buffer;

}

/**
 * In earlier `three.js` versions it was only possible to define attribute data
 * on geometry level. With `BufferAttributeNode`, it is also possible to do this
 * on the node level.
 * ```js
 * const geometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry();
 * const positionAttribute = geometry.getAttribute( 'position' );
 *
 * const colors = [];
 * for ( let i = 0; i < position.count; i ++ ) {
 * 	colors.push( 1, 0, 0 );
 * }
 *
 * material.colorNode = bufferAttribute( new THREE.Float32BufferAttribute( colors, 3 ) );
 * ```
 * This new approach is especially interesting when geometry data are generated via
 * compute shaders. The below line converts a storage buffer into an attribute node.
 * ```js
 * material.positionNode = positionBuffer.toAttribute();
 * ```
 * @augments InputNode
 */
class BufferAttributeNode extends InputNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'BufferAttributeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new buffer attribute node.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer|TypedArray} value - The attribute data.
	 * @param {?string} [bufferType=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
	 * @param {number} [bufferStride=0] - The buffer stride.
	 * @param {number} [bufferOffset=0] - The buffer offset.
	 */
	constructor( value, bufferType = null, bufferStride = 0, bufferOffset = 0 ) {

		super( value, bufferType );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBufferNode = true;

		/**
		 * The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.bufferType = bufferType;

		/**
		 * The buffer stride.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.bufferStride = bufferStride;

		/**
		 * The buffer offset.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.bufferOffset = bufferOffset;

		/**
		 * The usage property. Set this to `THREE.DynamicDrawUsage` via `.setUsage()`,
		 * if you are planning to update the attribute data per frame.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default StaticDrawUsage
		 */
		this.usage = StaticDrawUsage;

		/**
		 * Whether the attribute is instanced or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.instanced = false;

		/**
		 * A reference to the buffer attribute.
		 *
		 * @type {?BufferAttribute}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.attribute = null;

		/**
		 * `BufferAttributeNode` sets this property to `true` by default.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

		if ( value && value.isBufferAttribute === true && value.itemSize <= 4 ) {

			this.attribute = value;
			this.usage = value.usage;
			this.instanced = value.isInstancedBufferAttribute;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the attribute data might be shared
	 * and thus the hash should be shared as well.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The hash.
	 */
	getHash( builder ) {

		let id;

		if ( this.bufferStride === 0 && this.bufferOffset === 0 ) {

			let bufferData = builder.globalCache.getData( this.value );

			if ( bufferData === undefined ) {

				bufferData = {
					node: this
				};

				builder.globalCache.setData( this.value, bufferData );

			}

			id = bufferData.node.id;

		} else {

			id = this.id;

		}

		return String( id );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from
	 * the buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.bufferType === null ) {

			this.bufferType = builder.getTypeFromAttribute( this.attribute );

		}

		return this.bufferType;

	}

	/**
	 * Depending on which value was passed to the node, `setup()` behaves
	 * differently. If no instance of `BufferAttribute` was passed, the method
	 * creates an internal attribute and configures it respectively.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		if ( this.attribute !== null ) return;

		//

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const itemSize = builder.getTypeLength( type );
		const value = this.value;
		const stride = this.bufferStride || itemSize;
		const offset = this.bufferOffset;

		let buffer;

		if ( value.isInterleavedBuffer === true ) {

			buffer = value;

		} else if ( value.isBufferAttribute === true ) {

			buffer = _getBufferAttribute( value.array, stride );

		} else {

			buffer = _getBufferAttribute( value, stride );

		}

		const bufferAttribute = new InterleavedBufferAttribute( buffer, itemSize, offset );

		buffer.setUsage( this.usage );

		this.attribute = bufferAttribute;
		this.attribute.isInstancedBufferAttribute = this.instanced; // @TODO: Add a possible: InstancedInterleavedBufferAttribute

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the code snippet of the buffer attribute node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generate( builder ) {

		const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const nodeName = builder.context.nodeName;

		if ( nodeName !== undefined ) delete builder.context.nodeName; // deleting when consumed

		const nodeAttribute = builder.getBufferAttributeFromNode( this, nodeType, nodeName );
		const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeAttribute );

		let output = null;

		if ( builder.shaderStage === 'vertex' || builder.shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			this.name = propertyName;

			output = propertyName;

		} else {

			let varyingName;

			if ( nodeName ) {

				varyingName = nodeName + 'Varying';

			}

			const nodeVarying = varying( this, varyingName );

			output = nodeVarying.build( builder, nodeType );

		}

		return output;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return a fixed value `'bufferAttribute'`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return 'bufferAttribute';

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the `usage` property to the given value.
	 *
	 * @param {number} value - The usage to set.
	 * @return {BufferAttributeNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setUsage( value ) {

		this.usage = value;

		if ( this.attribute && this.attribute.isBufferAttribute === true ) {

			this.attribute.usage = value;

		}

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the `instanced` property to the given value.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The value to set.
	 * @return {BufferAttributeNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setInstanced( value ) {

		this.instanced = value;

		return this;

	}

}

/**
 * Internal method for creating buffer attribute nodes.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer|TypedArray} array - The attribute data.
 * @param {?string} [type=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
 * @param {number} [stride=0] - The buffer stride.
 * @param {number} [offset=0] - The buffer offset.
 * @param {number} [usage=StaticDrawUsage] - The buffer usage.
 * @param {boolean} [instanced=false] - Whether the buffer is instanced.
 * @returns {BufferAttributeNode|Node} The buffer attribute node.
 */
function createBufferAttribute( array, type = null, stride = 0, offset = 0, usage = StaticDrawUsage, instanced = false ) {

	if ( type === 'mat3' || ( type === null && array.itemSize === 9 ) ) {

		return mat3(
			new BufferAttributeNode( array, 'vec3', 9, 0 ).setUsage( usage ).setInstanced( instanced ),
			new BufferAttributeNode( array, 'vec3', 9, 3 ).setUsage( usage ).setInstanced( instanced ),
			new BufferAttributeNode( array, 'vec3', 9, 6 ).setUsage( usage ).setInstanced( instanced )
		);

	} else if ( type === 'mat4' || ( type === null && array.itemSize === 16 ) ) {

		return mat4(
			new BufferAttributeNode( array, 'vec4', 16, 0 ).setUsage( usage ).setInstanced( instanced ),
			new BufferAttributeNode( array, 'vec4', 16, 4 ).setUsage( usage ).setInstanced( instanced ),
			new BufferAttributeNode( array, 'vec4', 16, 8 ).setUsage( usage ).setInstanced( instanced ),
			new BufferAttributeNode( array, 'vec4', 16, 12 ).setUsage( usage ).setInstanced( instanced )
		);

	}

	return new BufferAttributeNode( array, type, stride, offset ).setUsage( usage );

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a buffer attribute node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer|TypedArray} array - The attribute data.
 * @param {?string} [type=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
 * @param {number} [stride=0] - The buffer stride.
 * @param {number} [offset=0] - The buffer offset.
 * @returns {BufferAttributeNode|Node}
 */
const bufferAttribute = ( array, type = null, stride = 0, offset = 0 ) => createBufferAttribute( array, type, stride, offset );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a buffer attribute node but with dynamic draw usage.
 * Use this function if attribute data are updated per frame.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer|TypedArray} array - The attribute data.
 * @param {?string} [type=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
 * @param {number} [stride=0] - The buffer stride.
 * @param {number} [offset=0] - The buffer offset.
 * @returns {BufferAttributeNode|Node}
 */
const dynamicBufferAttribute = ( array, type = null, stride = 0, offset = 0 ) => createBufferAttribute( array, type, stride, offset, DynamicDrawUsage );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a buffer attribute node but with enabled instancing
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer|TypedArray} array - The attribute data.
 * @param {?string} [type=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
 * @param {number} [stride=0] - The buffer stride.
 * @param {number} [offset=0] - The buffer offset.
 * @returns {BufferAttributeNode|Node}
 */
const instancedBufferAttribute = ( array, type = null, stride = 0, offset = 0 ) => createBufferAttribute( array, type, stride, offset, StaticDrawUsage, true );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a buffer attribute node but with dynamic draw usage and enabled instancing
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer|TypedArray} array - The attribute data.
 * @param {?string} [type=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
 * @param {number} [stride=0] - The buffer stride.
 * @param {number} [offset=0] - The buffer offset.
 * @returns {BufferAttributeNode|Node}
 */
const instancedDynamicBufferAttribute = ( array, type = null, stride = 0, offset = 0 ) => createBufferAttribute( array, type, stride, offset, DynamicDrawUsage, true );

addMethodChaining( 'toAttribute', ( bufferNode ) => bufferAttribute( bufferNode.value ) );

/**
 * This class represents shader indices of different types. The following predefined node
 * objects cover frequent use cases:
 *
 * - `vertexIndex`: The index of a vertex within a mesh.
 * - `instanceIndex`: The index of either a mesh instance or an invocation of a compute shader.
 * - `drawIndex`: The index of a draw call.
 * - `invocationLocalIndex`: The index of a compute invocation within the scope of a workgroup load.
 * - `invocationSubgroupIndex`: The index of a compute invocation within the scope of a subgroup.
 * - `subgroupIndex`: The index of a compute invocation's subgroup within its workgroup.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class IndexNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'IndexNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new index node.
	 *
	 * @param {('vertex'|'instance'|'subgroup'|'invocationLocal'|'invocationGlobal'|'invocationSubgroup'|'draw')} scope - The scope of the index node.
	 */
	constructor( scope ) {

		super( 'uint' );

		/**
		 * The scope of the index node.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isIndexNode = true;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const scope = this.scope;

		let propertyName;

		if ( scope === IndexNode.VERTEX ) {

			propertyName = builder.getVertexIndex();

		} else if ( scope === IndexNode.INSTANCE ) {

			propertyName = builder.getInstanceIndex();

		} else if ( scope === IndexNode.DRAW ) {

			propertyName = builder.getDrawIndex();

		} else if ( scope === IndexNode.INVOCATION_LOCAL ) {

			propertyName = builder.getInvocationLocalIndex();

		} else if ( scope === IndexNode.INVOCATION_SUBGROUP ) {

			propertyName = builder.getInvocationSubgroupIndex();

		} else if ( scope === IndexNode.SUBGROUP ) {

			propertyName = builder.getSubgroupIndex();

		} else {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.IndexNode: Unknown scope: ' + scope );

		}

		let output;

		if ( builder.shaderStage === 'vertex' || builder.shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			output = propertyName;

		} else {

			const nodeVarying = varying( this );

			output = nodeVarying.build( builder, nodeType );

		}

		return output;

	}

}

IndexNode.VERTEX = 'vertex';
IndexNode.INSTANCE = 'instance';
IndexNode.SUBGROUP = 'subgroup';
IndexNode.INVOCATION_LOCAL = 'invocationLocal';
IndexNode.INVOCATION_SUBGROUP = 'invocationSubgroup';
IndexNode.DRAW = 'draw';

/**
 * TSL object that represents the index of a vertex within a mesh.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {IndexNode}
 */
const vertexIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( IndexNode, IndexNode.VERTEX );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the index of either a mesh instance or an invocation of a compute shader.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {IndexNode}
 */
const instanceIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( IndexNode, IndexNode.INSTANCE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the index of the subgroup the current compute invocation belongs to.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {IndexNode}
 */
const subgroupIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( IndexNode, IndexNode.SUBGROUP );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the index of a compute invocation within the scope of a subgroup.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {IndexNode}
 */
const invocationSubgroupIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( IndexNode, IndexNode.INVOCATION_SUBGROUP );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the index of a compute invocation within the scope of a workgroup load.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {IndexNode}
 */
const invocationLocalIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( IndexNode, IndexNode.INVOCATION_LOCAL );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the index of a draw call.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {IndexNode}
 */
const drawIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( IndexNode, IndexNode.DRAW );

/**
 * Represents a compute shader node.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ComputeNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ComputeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The node that defines the compute shader logic.
	 * @param {Array<number>} workgroupSize - An array defining the X, Y, and Z dimensions of the workgroup for compute shader execution.
	 */
	constructor( computeNode, workgroupSize ) {

		super( 'void' );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isComputeNode = true;

		/**
		 * The node that defines the compute shader logic.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.computeNode = computeNode;

		/**
		 * An array defining the X, Y, and Z dimensions of the workgroup for compute shader execution.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<number>}
		 * @default [ 64 ]
		 */
		this.workgroupSize = workgroupSize;

		/**
		 * The total number of threads (invocations) to execute. If it is a number, it will be used
		 * to automatically generate bounds checking against `instanceIndex`.
		 *
		 * @type {number|Array<number>}
		 */
		this.count = null;

		/**
		 * The dispatch size for workgroups on X, Y, and Z axes.
		 * Used directly if `count` is not provided.
		 *
		 * @type {number|Array<number>}
		 */
		this.dispatchSize = null;

		/**
		 * The version of the node.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.version = 1;

		/**
		 * The name or label of the uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.name = '';

		/**
		 * The `updateBeforeType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.OBJECT` since {@link ComputeNode#updateBefore}
		 * is executed once per object by default.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'object'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

		/**
		 * A callback executed when the compute node finishes initialization.
		 *
		 * @type {?Function}
		 */
		this.onInitFunction = null;

		/**
		 * A uniform node holding the dispatch count for bounds checking.
		 * Created automatically when `count` is a number.
		 *
		 * @type {?UniformNode}
		 */
		this.countNode = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Executes the `dispose` event for this node.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'dispose' } );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the {@link ComputeNode#name} property.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform.
	 * @return {ComputeNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setName( name ) {

		this.name = name;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the {@link ComputeNode#name} property.
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform.
	 * @return {ComputeNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	label( name ) {

		warn( 'TSL: "label()" has been deprecated. Use "setName()" instead.', new StackTrace() ); // @deprecated r179

		return this.setName( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the callback to run during initialization.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
	 * @return {ComputeNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	onInit( callback ) {

		this.onInitFunction = callback;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * The method execute the compute for this node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	updateBefore( { renderer } ) {

		renderer.compute( this );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		if ( this.count !== null && this.countNode === null ) {

			this.countNode = uniform( this.count, 'uint' ).onObjectUpdate( () => this.count );

		}

		const result = this.computeNode.build( builder );

		if ( result ) {

			const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
			properties.outputComputeNode = result.outputNode;

			result.outputNode = null;

		}

		return result;

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const { shaderStage } = builder;

		if ( shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			const snippet = this.computeNode.build( builder, 'void' );

			if ( snippet !== '' ) {

				builder.addLineFlowCode( snippet, this );

			}

			if ( this.count !== null && builder.allowEarlyReturns === true ) {

				const countSnippet = this.countNode.build( builder, 'uint' );
				const indexSnippet = instanceIndex.build( builder, 'uint' );

				builder.flow.code = `${ builder.tab }if ( ${ indexSnippet } >= ${ countSnippet } ) { return; }\n\n${ builder.flow.code }`;

			}


		} else {

			const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
			const outputComputeNode = properties.outputComputeNode;

			if ( outputComputeNode ) {

				return outputComputeNode.build( builder, output );

			}

		}

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a compute kernel node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The TSL logic for the compute shader.
 * @param {Array<number>} [workgroupSize=[64]] - The workgroup size.
 * @returns {ComputeNode}
 */
const computeKernel = ( node, workgroupSize = [ 64 ] ) => {

	if ( workgroupSize.length === 0 || workgroupSize.length > 3 ) {

		error( 'TSL: compute() workgroupSize must have 1, 2, or 3 elements', new StackTrace() );

	}

	for ( let i = 0; i < workgroupSize.length; i ++ ) {

		const val = workgroupSize[ i ];

		if ( typeof val !== 'number' || val <= 0 || ! Number.isInteger( val ) ) {

			error( `TSL: compute() workgroupSize element at index [ ${ i } ] must be a positive integer`, new StackTrace() );

		}

	}

	// Implicit fill-up to [ x, y, z ] with 1s, just like WGSL treats @workgroup_size when fewer dimensions are specified

	while ( workgroupSize.length < 3 ) workgroupSize.push( 1 );

	//

	return new ComputeNode( nodeObject( node ), workgroupSize );

};

/**
 * TSL function for creating a compute node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The TSL logic for the compute shader.
 * @param {number|Array<number>} count - The compute count or dispatch size.
 * @param {Array<number>} [workgroupSize=[64]] - The workgroup size.
 * @returns {ComputeNode}
,  */
const compute = ( node, count, workgroupSize ) => {

	const computeNode = computeKernel( node, workgroupSize );

	if ( typeof count === 'number' ) {

		computeNode.count = count;

	} else {

		computeNode.dispatchSize = count;

	}

	return computeNode;

};

addMethodChaining( 'compute', compute );
addMethodChaining( 'computeKernel', computeKernel );

/**
 * This node can be used as a cache management component for another node.
 * Caching is in general used by default in {@link NodeBuilder} but this node
 * allows the usage of a shared parent cache during the build process.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class IsolateNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'IsolateNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new cache node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be cached.
	 * @param {boolean} [parent=true] - Whether this node refers to a shared parent cache or not.
	 */
	constructor( node, parent = true ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node that should be cached.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * Whether this node refers to a shared parent cache or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.parent = parent;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isIsolateNode = true;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		const previousCache = builder.getCache();
		const cache = builder.getCacheFromNode( this, this.parent );

		builder.setCache( cache );

		const nodeType = this.node.getNodeType( builder );

		builder.setCache( previousCache );

		return nodeType;

	}

	build( builder, ...params ) {

		const previousCache = builder.getCache();
		const cache = builder.getCacheFromNode( this, this.parent );

		builder.setCache( cache );

		const data = this.node.build( builder, ...params );

		builder.setCache( previousCache );

		return data;

	}

	setParent( parent ) {

		this.parent = parent;

		return this;

	}

	getParent() {

		return this.parent;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a cache node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be cached.
 * @returns {IsolateNode}
 */
const isolate = ( node ) => new IsolateNode( nodeObject( node ) );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a cache node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @deprecated
 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be cached.
 * @param {boolean} [parent=true] - Whether this node refers to a shared parent cache or not.
 * @returns {IsolateNode}
 */
function cache( node, parent = true ) {

	warn( 'TSL: "cache()" has been deprecated. Use "isolate()" instead.' ); // @deprecated r181

	return isolate( node ).setParent( parent );

}

addMethodChaining( 'cache', cache );
addMethodChaining( 'isolate', isolate );

/**
 * The class generates the code of a given node but returns another node in the output.
 * This can be used to call a method or node that does not return a value, i.e.
 * type `void` on an input where returning a value is required. Example:
 *
 * ```js
 * material.colorNode = myColor.bypass( runVoidFn() )
 *```
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class BypassNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'BypassNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new bypass node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} outputNode - The output node.
	 * @param {Node} callNode - The call node.
	 */
	constructor( outputNode, callNode ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBypassNode = true;

		/**
		 * The output node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.outputNode = outputNode;

		/**
		 * The call node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.callNode = callNode;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.outputNode.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const snippet = this.callNode.build( builder, 'void' );

		if ( snippet !== '' ) {

			builder.addLineFlowCode( snippet, this );

		}

		return this.outputNode.build( builder );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a bypass node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} outputNode - The output node.
 * @param {Node} callNode - The call node.
 * @returns {BypassNode}
 */
const bypass = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( BypassNode ).setParameterLength( 2 );

addMethodChaining( 'bypass', bypass );

/**
 * This node allows to remap a node value from one range into another. E.g a value of
 * `0.4` in the range `[ 0.3, 0.5 ]` should be remapped into the normalized range `[ 0, 1 ]`.
 * `remap` takes care of that and converts the original value of `0.4` to `0.5`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be remapped.
 * @param {Node} inLowNode - The source or current lower bound of the range.
 * @param {Node} inHighNode - The source or current upper bound of the range.
 * @param {?Node} [outLowNode=float(0)] - The target lower bound of the range.
 * @param {?Node} [outHighNode=float(1)] - The target upper bound of the range.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const remap = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ node, inLowNode, inHighNode, outLowNode = float( 0 ), outHighNode = float( 1 ), doClamp = bool( false ) ] ) => {

	let t = node.sub( inLowNode ).div( inHighNode.sub( inLowNode ) );

	if ( defined( doClamp ) ) t = t.clamp();

	return t.mul( outHighNode.sub( outLowNode ) ).add( outLowNode );

} );

/**
 * This node allows to remap a node value from one range into another but with enabled clamping. E.g a value of
 * `0.4` in the range `[ 0.3, 0.5 ]` should be remapped into the normalized range `[ 0, 1 ]`.
 * `remapClamp` takes care of that and converts the original value of `0.4` to `0.5`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be remapped.
 * @param {Node} inLowNode - The source or current lower bound of the range.
 * @param {Node} inHighNode - The source or current upper bound of the range.
 * @param {?Node} [outLowNode=float(0)] - The target lower bound of the range.
 * @param {?Node} [outHighNode=float(1)] - The target upper bound of the range.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
function remapClamp( node, inLowNode, inHighNode, outLowNode = float( 0 ), outHighNode = float( 1 ) ) {

	return remap( node, inLowNode, inHighNode, outLowNode, outHighNode, true );

}

addMethodChaining( 'remap', remap );
addMethodChaining( 'remapClamp', remapClamp );

/**
 * This class can be used to implement basic expressions in shader code.
 * Basic examples for that are `return`, `continue` or `discard` statements.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ExpressionNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ExpressionNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new expression node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [snippet=''] - The native code snippet.
	 * @param {string} [nodeType='void'] - The node type.
	 */
	constructor( snippet = '', nodeType = 'void' ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * The native code snippet.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.snippet = snippet;

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const snippet = this.snippet;

		if ( type === 'void' ) {

			builder.addLineFlowCode( snippet, this );

		} else {

			return builder.format( snippet, type, output );

		}

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an expression node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} [snippet] - The native code snippet.
 * @param {?string} [nodeType='void'] - The node type.
 * @returns {ExpressionNode}
 */
const expression = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ExpressionNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 2 );

/**
 * Represents a `discard` shader operation in TSL.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?ConditionalNode} conditional - An optional conditional node. It allows to decide whether the discard should be executed or not.
 * @return {Node} The `discard` expression.
 */
const Discard = ( conditional ) => ( conditional ? select( conditional, expression( 'discard' ) ) : expression( 'discard' ) ).toStack();

/**
 * Represents a `return` shader operation in TSL.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @return {ExpressionNode} The `return` expression.
 */
const Return = () => expression( 'return' ).toStack();

addMethodChaining( 'discard', Discard );

/**
 * Premultiplies the RGB channels of a color by its alpha channel.
 *
 * This function is useful for converting a non-premultiplied alpha color
 * into a premultiplied alpha format, where the RGB values are scaled
 * by the alpha value. Premultiplied alpha is often used in graphics
 * rendering for certain operations, such as compositing and image processing.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec4>} color - The input color with non-premultiplied alpha.
 * @return {Node<vec4>} The color with premultiplied alpha.
 */
const premultiplyAlpha = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color ] ) => {

	return vec4( color.rgb.mul( color.a ), color.a );

}, { color: 'vec4', return: 'vec4' } );

/**
 * Unpremultiplies the RGB channels of a color by its alpha channel.
 *
 * This function is useful for converting a premultiplied alpha color
 * back into a non-premultiplied alpha format, where the RGB values are
 * divided by the alpha value. Unpremultiplied alpha is often used in graphics
 * rendering for certain operations, such as compositing and image processing.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec4>} color - The input color with premultiplied alpha.
 * @return {Node<vec4>} The color with non-premultiplied alpha.
 */
const unpremultiplyAlpha = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color ] ) => {

	return color.a.equal( 0 ).select( vec4( 0 ), vec4( color.rgb.div( color.a ), color.a ) );

}, { color: 'vec4', return: 'vec4' } );

/**
 * Normally, tone mapping and color conversion happens automatically just
 * before outputting a pixel to the default (screen) framebuffer. In certain
 * post processing setups this is too late because some effects such as FXAA
 * require e.g. sRGB input. For such scenarios, `RenderOutputNode` can be used
 * to apply tone mapping and color space conversion at an arbitrary point
 * in the effect chain.
 *
 * When applying tone mapping and color space conversion manually with this node,
 * you have to set {@link RenderPipeline#outputColorTransform} to `false`.
 *
 * ```js
 * const postProcessing = new RenderPipeline( renderer );
 * postProcessing.outputColorTransform = false;
 *
 * const scenePass = pass( scene, camera );
 * const outputPass = renderOutput( scenePass );
 *
 * postProcessing.outputNode = outputPass;
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class RenderOutputNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'RenderOutputNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render output node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} colorNode - The color node to process.
	 * @param {?number} toneMapping - The tone mapping type.
	 * @param {?string} outputColorSpace - The output color space.
	 */
	constructor( colorNode, toneMapping, outputColorSpace ) {

		super( 'vec4' );

		/**
		 * The color node to process.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.colorNode = colorNode;

		/**
		 * The tone mapping type.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?number}
		 */
		this._toneMapping = toneMapping;

		/**
		 * The output color space.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 */
		this.outputColorSpace = outputColorSpace;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isRenderOutputNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the tone mapping type.
	 *
	 * @param {number} value - The tone mapping type.
	 * @return {ToneMappingNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setToneMapping( value ) {

		this._toneMapping = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the tone mapping type.
	 *
	 * @returns {number} The tone mapping type.
	 */
	getToneMapping() {

		return this._toneMapping;

	}

	setup( { context } ) {

		let outputNode = this.colorNode || context.color;

		// clamp alpha
		outputNode = vec4( outputNode.rgb, outputNode.a.clamp( 0.0, 1.0 ) );

		// unpremultiply
		outputNode = unpremultiplyAlpha( outputNode );

		// tone mapping
		const toneMapping = ( this._toneMapping !== null ? this._toneMapping : context.toneMapping ) || NoToneMapping;

		const outputColorSpace = ( this.outputColorSpace !== null ? this.outputColorSpace : context.outputColorSpace ) || NoColorSpace;

		if ( toneMapping !== NoToneMapping ) {

			outputNode = outputNode.toneMapping( toneMapping );

		}

		// working to output color space
		if ( outputColorSpace !== NoColorSpace && outputColorSpace !== ColorManagement.workingColorSpace ) {

			outputNode = outputNode.workingToColorSpace( outputColorSpace );

		}

		// premultiply in output color space
		outputNode = premultiplyAlpha( outputNode );

		return outputNode;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a render output node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} color - The color node to process.
 * @param {?number} [toneMapping=null] - The tone mapping type.
 * @param {?string} [outputColorSpace=null] - The output color space.
 * @returns {RenderOutputNode}
 */
const renderOutput = ( color, toneMapping = null, outputColorSpace = null ) => new RenderOutputNode( nodeObject( color ), toneMapping, outputColorSpace );

addMethodChaining( 'renderOutput', renderOutput );

class DebugNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'DebugNode';

	}

	constructor( node, callback = null ) {

		super();

		this.node = node;
		this.callback = callback;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.node.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		return this.node.build( builder );

	}

	analyze( builder ) {

		return this.node.build( builder );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const callback = this.callback;
		const snippet = this.node.build( builder );

		if ( callback !== null ) {

			callback( builder, snippet );

		} else {

			const title = '--- TSL debug - ' + builder.shaderStage + ' shader ---';
			const border = '-'.repeat( title.length );

			let code = '';
			code += '// #' + title + '#\n';
			code += builder.flow.code.replace( /^\t/mg, '' ) + '\n';
			code += '/* ... */ ' + snippet + ' /* ... */\n';
			code += '// #' + border + '#\n';

			log$1( code );

		}

		return snippet;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a debug node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node to debug.
 * @param {?Function} [callback=null] - Optional callback function to handle the debug output.
 * @returns {DebugNode}
 */
const debug = ( node, callback = null ) => new DebugNode( nodeObject( node ), callback ).toStack();

addMethodChaining( 'debug', debug );

/**
 * InspectorBase is the base class for all inspectors.
 *
 * @class InspectorBase
 * @augments EventDispatcher
 */
class InspectorBase extends EventDispatcher {

	/**
	 * Creates a new InspectorBase.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

		/**
		 * The renderer associated with this inspector.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLRenderer}
		 * @private
		 */
		this._renderer = null;

		/**
		 * The current frame being processed.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.currentFrame = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node frame for the current renderer.
	 *
	 * @return {Object} The node frame.
	 */
	get nodeFrame() {

		return this._renderer._nodes.nodeFrame;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the renderer for this inspector.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLRenderer} renderer - The renderer to associate with this inspector.
	 * @return {InspectorBase} This inspector instance.
	 */
	setRenderer( renderer ) {

		this._renderer = renderer;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the renderer associated with this inspector.
	 *
	 * @return {WebGLRenderer} The associated renderer.
	 */
	getRenderer() {

		return this._renderer;

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the inspector.
	 */
	init() { }

	/**
	 * Called when a frame begins.
	 */
	begin() { }

	/**
	 * Called when a frame ends.
	 */
	finish() { }

	/**
	 * Inspects a node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to inspect.
	 */
	inspect( /*node*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * When a compute operation is performed.
	 *
	 * @param {ComputeNode} computeNode - The compute node being executed.
	 * @param {number|Array<number>} dispatchSizeOrCount - The dispatch size or count.
	 */
	computeAsync( /*computeNode, dispatchSizeOrCount*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Called when a compute operation begins.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @param {ComputeNode} computeNode - The compute node being executed.
	 */
	beginCompute( /*uid, computeNode*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Called when a compute operation ends.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @param {ComputeNode} computeNode - The compute node being executed.
	 */
	finishCompute( /*uid*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Called when a render operation begins.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene being rendered.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera being used for rendering.
	 * @param {?WebGLRenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target, if any.
	 */
	beginRender( /*uid, scene, camera, renderTarget*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Called when an animation loop ends.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 */
	finishRender( /*uid*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Called when a texture copy operation is performed.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} srcTexture - The source texture.
	 * @param {Texture} dstTexture - The destination texture.
	 */
	copyTextureToTexture( /*srcTexture, dstTexture*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Called when a framebuffer copy operation is performed.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} framebufferTexture - The texture associated with the framebuffer.
	 */
	copyFramebufferToTexture( /*framebufferTexture*/ ) { }

}

/**
 * InspectorNode is a wrapper node that allows inspection of node values during rendering.
 * It can be used to debug or analyze node outputs in the rendering pipeline.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class InspectorNode extends Node {

	/**
	 * Returns the type of the node.
	 *
	 * @returns {string}
	 */
	static get type() {

		return 'InspectorNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Creates an InspectorNode.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to inspect.
	 * @param {string} [name=''] - Optional name for the inspector node.
	 * @param {Function|null} [callback=null] - Optional callback to modify the node during setup.
	 */
	constructor( node, name = '', callback = null ) {

		super();

		this.node = node;
		this.name = name;
		this.callback = callback;

		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.FRAME;

		this.isInspectorNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the name of the inspector node.
	 *
	 * @returns {string}
	 */
	getName() {

		return this.name || this.node.name;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the inspector node, allowing inspection of the wrapped node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		frame.renderer.inspector.inspect( this );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type of the wrapped node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @returns {string}
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.node.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets up the inspector node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @returns {Node} The setup node.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		let node = this.node;

		if ( builder.context.inspector === true && this.callback !== null ) {

			node = this.callback( node );

		}

		if ( builder.renderer.backend.isWebGPUBackend !== true && builder.renderer.inspector.constructor !== InspectorBase ) {

			warnOnce( 'TSL: ".toInspector()" is only available with WebGPU.' );

		}

		return node;

	}

}

/**
 * Creates an inspector node to wrap around a given node for inspection purposes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @param {Node} node - The node to inspect.
 * @param {string} [name=''] - Optional name for the inspector node.
 * @param {Function|null} [callback=null] - Optional callback to modify the node during setup.
 * @returns {Node} The inspector node.
 */
function inspector( node, name = '', callback = null ) {

	node = nodeObject( node );

	return node.before( new InspectorNode( node, name, callback ) );

}

addMethodChaining( 'toInspector', inspector );

function addNodeElement( name/*, nodeElement*/ ) {

	warn( 'TSL: AddNodeElement has been removed in favor of tree-shaking. Trying add', name );

}

/**
 * Base class for representing shader attributes as nodes.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class AttributeNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'AttributeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new attribute node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} attributeName - The name of the attribute.
	 * @param {?string} nodeType - The node type.
	 */
	constructor( attributeName, nodeType = null ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * `AttributeNode` sets this property to `true` by default.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

		this._attributeName = attributeName;

	}

	getHash( builder ) {

		return this.getAttributeName( builder );

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		let nodeType = this.nodeType;

		if ( nodeType === null ) {

			const attributeName = this.getAttributeName( builder );

			if ( builder.hasGeometryAttribute( attributeName ) ) {

				const attribute = builder.geometry.getAttribute( attributeName );

				nodeType = builder.getTypeFromAttribute( attribute );

			} else {

				nodeType = 'float';

			}

		}

		return nodeType;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the attribute name to the given value. The method can be
	 * overwritten in derived classes if the final name must be computed
	 * analytically.
	 *
	 * @param {string} attributeName - The name of the attribute.
	 * @return {AttributeNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setAttributeName( attributeName ) {

		this._attributeName = attributeName;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the attribute name of this node. The method can be
	 * overwritten in derived classes if the final name must be computed
	 * analytically.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The attribute name.
	 */
	getAttributeName( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this._attributeName;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const attributeName = this.getAttributeName( builder );
		const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const geometryAttribute = builder.hasGeometryAttribute( attributeName );

		if ( geometryAttribute === true ) {

			const attribute = builder.geometry.getAttribute( attributeName );
			const attributeType = builder.getTypeFromAttribute( attribute );

			const nodeAttribute = builder.getAttribute( attributeName, attributeType );

			if ( builder.shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

				return builder.format( nodeAttribute.name, attributeType, nodeType );

			} else {

				const nodeVarying = varying( this );

				return nodeVarying.build( builder, nodeType );

			}

		} else {

			warn( `AttributeNode: Vertex attribute "${ attributeName }" not found on geometry.` );

			return builder.generateConst( nodeType );

		}

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.global = this.global;
		data._attributeName = this._attributeName;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.global = data.global;
		this._attributeName = data._attributeName;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an attribute node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the attribute.
 * @param {?string} [nodeType=null] - The node type.
 * @returns {AttributeNode}
 */
const attribute = ( name, nodeType = null ) => new AttributeNode( name, nodeType );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an uv attribute node with the given index.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {number} [index=0] - The uv index.
 * @return {AttributeNode<vec2>} The uv attribute node.
 */
const uv$1 = ( index = 0 ) => attribute( 'uv' + ( index > 0 ? index : '' ), 'vec2' );

/**
 * A node that represents the dimensions of a texture. The texture size is
 * retrieved in the shader via built-in shader functions like `textureDimensions()`
 * or `textureSize()`.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class TextureSizeNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'TextureSizeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new texture size node.
	 *
	 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - A texture node which size should be retrieved.
	 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - A level node which defines the requested mip.
	 */
	constructor( textureNode, levelNode = null ) {

		super( 'uvec2' );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isTextureSizeNode = true;

		/**
		 * A texture node which size should be retrieved.
		 *
		 * @type {TextureNode}
		 */
		this.textureNode = textureNode;

		/**
		 * A level node which defines the requested mip.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<int>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.levelNode = levelNode;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const textureProperty = this.textureNode.build( builder, 'property' );
		const level = this.levelNode === null ? '0' : this.levelNode.build( builder, 'int' );

		const snippet = builder.generateTextureSize( this.textureNode.value, textureProperty, level );

		return builder.format( snippet, this.getNodeType( builder ) );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a texture size node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - A texture node which size should be retrieved.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - A level node which defines the requested mip.
 * @returns {TextureSizeNode}
 */
const textureSize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( TextureSizeNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 2 );

/**
 * A special type of uniform node that computes the
 * maximum mipmap level for a given texture node.
 *
 * ```js
 * const level = maxMipLevel( textureNode );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments UniformNode
 */
class MaxMipLevelNode extends UniformNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'MaxMipLevelNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new max mip level node.
	 *
	 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node to compute the max mip level for.
	 */
	constructor( textureNode ) {

		super( 0 );

		/**
		 * The texture node to compute the max mip level for.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {TextureNode}
		 */
		this._textureNode = textureNode;

		/**
		 * The `updateType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.FRAME` since the node updates
		 * the texture once per frame in its {@link MaxMipLevelNode#update} method.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'frame'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.FRAME;

	}

	/**
	 * The texture node to compute the max mip level for.
	 *
	 * @readonly
	 * @type {TextureNode}
	 */
	get textureNode() {

		return this._textureNode;

	}

	/**
	 * The texture.
	 *
	 * @readonly
	 * @type {Texture}
	 */
	get texture() {

		return this._textureNode.value;

	}

	update() {

		const texture = this.texture;
		const images = texture.images;
		const image = ( images && images.length > 0 ) ? ( ( images[ 0 ] && images[ 0 ].image ) || images[ 0 ] ) : texture.image;

		if ( image && image.width !== undefined ) {

			const { width, height } = image;

			this.value = Math.log2( Math.max( width, height ) );

		}

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a max mip level node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node to compute the max mip level for.
 * @returns {MaxMipLevelNode}
 */
const maxMipLevel = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( MaxMipLevelNode ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Custom error class for node-related errors, including stack trace information.
 */
class NodeError extends Error {

	constructor( message, stackTrace = null ) {

		super( message );

		/**
		 * The name of the error.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = 'NodeError';

		/**
		 * The stack trace associated with the error.
		 *
		 * @type {?StackTrace}
		 */
		this.stackTrace = stackTrace;

	}

}

const EmptyTexture$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Texture();

/**
 * This type of uniform node represents a 2D texture.
 *
 * @augments UniformNode
 */
class TextureNode extends UniformNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'TextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} [value=EmptyTexture] - The texture.
	 * @param {?Node<vec2|vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
	 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
	 */
	constructor( value = EmptyTexture$1, uvNode = null, levelNode = null, biasNode = null ) {

		super( value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isTextureNode = true;

		/**
		 * Represents the texture coordinates.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec2|vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.uvNode = uvNode;

		/**
		 * Represents the mip level that should be selected.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<int>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.levelNode = levelNode;

		/**
		 * Represents the bias to be applied during level-of-detail computation.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.biasNode = biasNode;

		/**
		 * Represents a reference value a texture sample is compared to.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.compareNode = null;

		/**
		 * When using texture arrays, the depth node defines the layer to select.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<int>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.depthNode = null;

		/**
		 * When defined, a texture is sampled using explicit gradients.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<Node<vec2>>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.gradNode = null;

		/**
		 * Represents the optional index constant of the channel to gather.
		 * This must be in range [0, 3] and a compile-time constant.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<int>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.gatherNode = null;

		/**
		 * Represents the optional texel offset applied to the unnormalized texture
		 * coordinate before sampling the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<ivec2|ivec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.offsetNode = null;

		/**
		 * Whether texture values should be sampled or fetched.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.sampler = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the uv transformation matrix should be
		 * automatically updated or not. Use `setUpdateMatrix()`
		 * if you want to change the value of the property.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.updateMatrix = false;

		/**
		 * By default the `update()` method is not executed. Depending on
		 * whether a uv transformation matrix and/or flipY is applied, `update()`
		 * is executed per object.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'none'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.NONE;

		/**
		 * The reference node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.referenceNode = null;

		/**
		 * The texture value is stored in a private property.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Texture}
		 */
		this._value = value;

		/**
		 * The uniform node that represents the uv transformation matrix.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?UniformNode<mat3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._matrixUniform = null;

		/**
		 * The uniform node that represents the y-flip. Only required for WebGL.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?UniformNode<bool>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._flipYUniform = null;

		this.setUpdateMatrix( uvNode === null );

	}

	set value( value ) {

		if ( this.referenceNode ) {

			this.referenceNode.value = value;

		} else {

			this._value = value;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The texture value.
	 *
	 * @type {Texture}
	 */
	get value() {

		return this.referenceNode ? this.referenceNode.value : this._value;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since the uniform hash is defined by the texture's UUID.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The uniform hash.
	 */
	getUniformHash( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this.value.uuid;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since the node type is inferred from the texture type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( /*builder*/ ) {

		if ( this.gatherNode !== null ) {

			return 'vec4';

		}

		return getTextureType( this.value );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return a fixed value `'texture'`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return 'texture';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a default uvs based on the current texture's channel.
	 *
	 * @return {AttributeNode<vec2>} The default uvs.
	 */
	getDefaultUV() {

		return uv$1( this.value.channel );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to always return the texture reference of the node.
	 *
	 * @param {any} state - This method can be invocated in different contexts so `state` can refer to any object type.
	 * @return {Texture} The texture reference.
	 */
	updateReference( /*state*/ ) {

		return this.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Transforms the given uv node with the texture transformation matrix.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node to transform.
	 * @return {Node} The transformed uv node.
	 */
	getTransformedUV( uvNode ) {

		if ( this._matrixUniform === null ) this._matrixUniform = uniform( this.value.matrix );

		return this._matrixUniform.mul( vec3( uvNode, 1 ) ).xy;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines whether the uv transformation matrix should automatically be updated or not.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The update toggle.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setUpdateMatrix( value ) {

		this.updateMatrix = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the uv node. Depending on the backend as well as texture's image and type, it might be necessary
	 * to modify the uv node for correct sampling.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node to setup.
	 * @return {Node} The updated uv node.
	 */
	setupUV( builder, uvNode ) {

		if ( builder.isFlipY() ) {

			if ( this._flipYUniform === null ) this._flipYUniform = uniform( false );

			uvNode = uvNode.toVar();

			if ( this.sampler ) {

				uvNode = this._flipYUniform.select( uvNode.flipY(), uvNode );

			} else {

				uvNode = this._flipYUniform.select( uvNode.setY( int( textureSize( this, this.levelNode ).y ).sub( uvNode.y ).sub( 1 ) ), uvNode );

			}

		}

		return uvNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups texture node by preparing the internal nodes for code generation.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		properties.referenceNode = this.referenceNode;

		//

		const texture = this.value;

		if ( ! texture || texture.isTexture !== true ) {

			throw new NodeError( 'THREE.TSL: `texture( value )` function expects a valid instance of THREE.Texture().', this.stackTrace );

		}

		//

		const uvNode = Fn( () => {

			let uvNode = this.uvNode;

			if ( ( uvNode === null || builder.context.forceUVContext === true ) && builder.context.getUV ) {

				uvNode = builder.context.getUV( this, builder );

			}

			if ( ! uvNode ) uvNode = this.getDefaultUV();

			if ( this.updateMatrix === true ) {

				uvNode = this.getTransformedUV( uvNode );

			}

			uvNode = this.setupUV( builder, uvNode );

			//

			this.updateType = ( this._matrixUniform !== null || this._flipYUniform !== null ) ? NodeUpdateType.OBJECT : NodeUpdateType.NONE;

			//

			return uvNode;

		} )();

		//

		let levelNode = this.levelNode;

		if ( levelNode === null && builder.context.getTextureLevel ) {

			levelNode = builder.context.getTextureLevel( this );

		}

		//

		let compareNode = null;
		let compareStepNode = null;

		if ( this.compareNode !== null ) {

			if ( builder.renderer.hasCompatibility( Compatibility.TEXTURE_COMPARE ) ) {

				compareNode = this.compareNode;

			} else {

				const compareFunction = texture.compareFunction;

				if ( compareFunction === null || compareFunction === LessCompare || compareFunction === LessEqualCompare || compareFunction === GreaterCompare || compareFunction === GreaterEqualCompare ) {

					compareStepNode = this.compareNode;

				} else {

					compareNode = this.compareNode;

					warnOnce( 'TSL: Only "LessCompare", "LessEqualCompare", "GreaterCompare" and "GreaterEqualCompare" are supported for depth texture comparison fallback.' );

				}

			}

		}

		properties.uvNode = uvNode;
		properties.levelNode = levelNode;
		properties.biasNode = this.biasNode;
		properties.compareNode = compareNode;
		properties.compareStepNode = compareStepNode;
		properties.gradNode = this.gradNode;
		properties.gatherNode = this.gatherNode;
		properties.depthNode = this.depthNode;
		properties.offsetNode = this.offsetNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the uv code snippet.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node to generate code for.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateUV( builder, uvNode ) {

		return uvNode.build( builder, this.sampler === true ? 'vec2' : 'ivec2' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the offset code snippet.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} offsetNode - The offset node to generate code for.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateOffset( builder, offsetNode ) {

		return offsetNode.build( builder, 'ivec2' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the snippet for the texture sampling.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The texture property.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - The uv snippet.
	 * @param {?string} levelSnippet - The level snippet.
	 * @param {?string} biasSnippet - The bias snippet.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - The depth snippet.
	 * @param {?string} compareSnippet - The compare snippet.
	 * @param {?Array<string>} gradSnippet - The grad snippet.
	 * @param {?string} gatherSnippet - The gather snippet.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - The offset snippet.
	 * @param {?string} flipYSnippet - The y-flip snippet. Only used for WebGL.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateSnippet( builder, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, biasSnippet, depthSnippet, compareSnippet, gradSnippet, gatherSnippet, offsetSnippet, flipYSnippet ) {

		const texture = this.value;

		let snippet;

		if ( biasSnippet ) {

			snippet = builder.generateTextureBias( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, biasSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet );

		} else if ( gradSnippet ) {

			snippet = builder.generateTextureGrad( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, gradSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet );

		} else if ( gatherSnippet ) {

			if ( compareSnippet ) {

				snippet = builder.generateTextureGatherCompare( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, compareSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, flipYSnippet );

			} else {

				snippet = builder.generateTextureGather( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, gatherSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, flipYSnippet );

			}

		} else if ( compareSnippet ) {

			snippet = builder.generateTextureCompare( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, compareSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet );

		} else if ( this.sampler === false ) {

			snippet = builder.generateTextureLoad( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet );

		} else if ( levelSnippet ) {

			snippet = builder.generateTextureLevel( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet );

		} else {

			snippet = builder.generateTexture( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet );

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the code snippet of the texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} output - The current output.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generate( builder, output ) {

		const texture = this.value;

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		const textureProperty = super.generate( builder, 'property' );

		if ( /^sampler/.test( output ) ) {

			return textureProperty + '_sampler';

		} else if ( builder.isReference( output ) ) {

			return textureProperty;

		} else {

			const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

			const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );

			let propertyName = nodeData.propertyName;

			if ( propertyName === undefined ) {

				const { uvNode, levelNode, biasNode, compareNode, compareStepNode, depthNode, gradNode, gatherNode, offsetNode } = properties;

				const uvSnippet = this.generateUV( builder, uvNode );
				const levelSnippet = levelNode ? levelNode.build( builder, 'float' ) : null;
				const biasSnippet = biasNode ? biasNode.build( builder, 'float' ) : null;
				const depthSnippet = depthNode ? depthNode.build( builder, 'int' ) : null;
				const compareSnippet = compareNode ? compareNode.build( builder, 'float' ) : null;
				const compareStepSnippet = compareStepNode ? compareStepNode.build( builder, 'float' ) : null;
				const gradSnippet = gradNode ? [ gradNode[ 0 ].build( builder, 'vec2' ), gradNode[ 1 ].build( builder, 'vec2' ) ] : null;
				const gatherSnippet = gatherNode ? gatherNode.build( builder, 'int' ) : null;
				const offsetSnippet = offsetNode ? this.generateOffset( builder, offsetNode ) : null;
				const flipYSnippet = this._flipYUniform ? this._flipYUniform.build( builder, 'bool' ) : null;

				let finalDepthSnippet = depthSnippet;

				if ( finalDepthSnippet === null && texture.isArrayTexture && this.isTexture3DNode !== true ) {

					finalDepthSnippet = '0';

				}

				const nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this );

				propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );

				let snippet = this.generateSnippet( builder, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, biasSnippet, finalDepthSnippet, compareSnippet, gradSnippet, gatherSnippet, offsetSnippet, flipYSnippet );

				let snippetType;

				if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true && gatherSnippet === null ) {

					snippetType = 'float';

				} else {

					snippetType = texture.type === UnsignedIntType ? 'uvec4' : ( texture.type === IntType ? 'ivec4' : 'vec4' );

				}

				snippet = builder.format( snippet, snippetType, nodeType );

				if ( compareStepSnippet !== null ) {

					const compareFunction = texture.compareFunction;

					if ( compareFunction === GreaterCompare || compareFunction === GreaterEqualCompare ) {

						snippet = step( expression( snippet, nodeType ), expression( compareStepSnippet, 'float' ) ).build( builder, nodeType );

					} else {

						snippet = step( expression( compareStepSnippet, 'float' ), expression( snippet, nodeType ) ).build( builder, nodeType );

					}

				}

				builder.addLineFlowCode( `${propertyName} = ${snippet}`, this );

				nodeData.snippet = snippet;
				nodeData.propertyName = propertyName;

			}

			let snippet = propertyName;

			if ( builder.needsToWorkingColorSpace( texture ) ) {

				snippet = colorSpaceToWorking( expression( snippet, nodeType ), texture.colorSpace ).setup( builder ).build( builder, nodeType );

			}

			return builder.format( snippet, nodeType, output );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the sampler value.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The sampler value to set.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A reference to this texture node.
	 */
	setSampler( value ) {

		this.sampler = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the sampler value.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} The sampler value.
	 */
	getSampler() {

		return this.sampler;

	}

	// @TODO: Move to TSL

	/**
	 * Samples the texture with the given uv node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	sample( uvNode ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.uvNode = nodeObject( uvNode );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * TSL function for creating a texture node that fetches/loads texels without interpolation.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<uvec2>} uvNode - The uv node.
	 * @returns {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture load.
	 */
	load( uvNode ) {

		return this.sample( uvNode ).setSampler( false );

	}

	/**
	 * Samples a blurred version of the texture by defining an internal bias.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<float>} amountNode - How blurred the texture should be.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	blur( amountNode ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.biasNode = nodeObject( amountNode ).mul( maxMipLevel( textureNode ) );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		const map = textureNode.value;

		if ( textureNode.generateMipmaps === false && ( map && map.generateMipmaps === false || map.minFilter === NearestFilter || map.magFilter === NearestFilter ) ) {

			warn( 'TSL: texture().blur() requires mipmaps and sampling. Use .generateMipmaps=true and .minFilter/.magFilter=THREE.LinearFilter in the Texture.' );

			textureNode.biasNode = null;

		}

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Samples a specific mip of the texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<int>} levelNode - The mip level to sample.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	level( levelNode ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.levelNode = nodeObject( levelNode );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the texture size of the requested level.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<int>} levelNode - The level to compute the size for.
	 * @return {TextureSizeNode} The texture size.
	 */
	size( levelNode ) {

		return textureSize( this, levelNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Samples the texture with the given bias.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<float>} biasNode - The bias node.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	bias( biasNode ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.biasNode = nodeObject( biasNode );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the base texture of this node.
	 * @return {TextureNode} The base texture node.
	 */
	getBase() {

		return this.referenceNode ? this.referenceNode.getBase() : this;

	}

	/**
	 * Samples the texture by executing a compare operation.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<float>} compareNode - The node that defines the compare value.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	compare( compareNode ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.compareNode = nodeObject( compareNode );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Samples the texture using an explicit gradient.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<vec2>} gradNodeX - The gradX node.
	 * @param {Node<vec2>} gradNodeY - The gradY node.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	grad( gradNodeX, gradNodeY ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.gradNode = [ nodeObject( gradNodeX ), nodeObject( gradNodeY ) ];
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Gathers four texels from the texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<int>} gatherNode - The index of the channel to read. This must be in range [0, 3] and a compile-time constant.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	gather( gatherNode = 0 ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.gatherNode = nodeObject( gatherNode );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Samples the texture by defining a depth node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<int>} depthNode - The depth node.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	depth( depthNode ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.depthNode = nodeObject( depthNode );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Samples the texture by defining an offset node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<ivec2>} offsetNode - The offset node.
	 * @return {TextureNode} A texture node representing the texture sample.
	 */
	offset( offsetNode ) {

		const textureNode = this.clone();
		textureNode.offsetNode = nodeObject( offsetNode );
		textureNode.referenceNode = this.getBase();

		return nodeObject( textureNode );

	}

	// --

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.value = this.value.toJSON( data.meta ).uuid;
		data.sampler = this.sampler;
		data.updateMatrix = this.updateMatrix;
		data.updateType = this.updateType;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.value = data.meta.textures[ data.value ];
		this.sampler = data.sampler;
		this.updateMatrix = data.updateMatrix;
		this.updateType = data.updateType;

	}

	/**
	 * The update is used to implement the update of the uv transformation matrix.
	 */
	update() {

		const texture = this.value;
		const matrixUniform = this._matrixUniform;

		if ( matrixUniform !== null ) matrixUniform.value = texture.matrix;

		if ( texture.matrixAutoUpdate === true ) {

			texture.updateMatrix();

		}

		//

		const flipYUniform = this._flipYUniform;

		if ( flipYUniform !== null ) {

			flipYUniform.value = ( ( texture.image instanceof ImageBitmap && texture.flipY === true ) || texture.isRenderTargetTexture === true || texture.isFramebufferTexture === true || texture.isDepthTexture === true );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Clones the texture node.
	 *
	 * @return {TextureNode} The cloned texture node.
	 */
	clone() {

		const newNode = new this.constructor( this.value, this.uvNode, this.levelNode, this.biasNode );
		newNode.sampler = this.sampler;
		newNode.depthNode = this.depthNode;
		newNode.compareNode = this.compareNode;
		newNode.gradNode = this.gradNode;
		newNode.gatherNode = this.gatherNode;
		newNode.offsetNode = this.offsetNode;

		return newNode;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Texture} value - The texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec2|vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
 * @returns {TextureNode}
 */
const textureBase = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( TextureNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 4 ).setName( 'texture' );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a texture node or sample a texture node already existing.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?(Texture|TextureNode)} [value=EmptyTexture] - The texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec2|vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
 * @returns {TextureNode}
 */
const texture = ( value = EmptyTexture$1, uvNode = null, levelNode = null, biasNode = null ) => {

	let textureNode;

	if ( value && value.isTextureNode === true ) {

		textureNode = nodeObject( value.clone() );
		textureNode.referenceNode = value.getBase(); // Ensure the reference is set to the original node

		if ( uvNode !== null ) textureNode.uvNode = nodeObject( uvNode );
		if ( levelNode !== null ) textureNode.levelNode = nodeObject( levelNode );
		if ( biasNode !== null ) textureNode.biasNode = nodeObject( biasNode );

	} else {

		textureNode = textureBase( value, uvNode, levelNode, biasNode );

	}

	return textureNode;

};

/**
 * TSL function for creating a uniform texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Texture} value - The texture.
 * @returns {TextureNode}
 */
const uniformTexture = ( value = EmptyTexture$1 ) => texture( value );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a texture node that fetches/loads texels without interpolation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?(Texture|TextureNode)} [value=EmptyTexture] - The texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec2|vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
 * @returns {TextureNode}
 */
const textureLoad = ( ...params ) => texture( ...params ).setSampler( false );

const textureLevel = ( value, uv, level ) => texture( value, uv ).level( level );

/**
 * Converts a texture or texture node to a sampler.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {TextureNode|Texture} value - The texture or texture node to convert.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const sampler = ( value ) => ( value.isNode === true ? value : texture( value ) ).convert( 'sampler' );

/**
 * Converts a texture or texture node to a sampler comparison.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {TextureNode|Texture} value - The texture or texture node to convert.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const samplerComparison = ( value ) => ( value.isNode === true ? value : texture( value ) ).convert( 'samplerComparison' );

/**
 * A special type of uniform node which represents array-like data
 * as uniform buffers. The access usually happens via `element()`
 * which returns an instance of {@link ArrayElementNode}. For example:
 *
 * ```js
 * const bufferNode = buffer( array, 'mat4', count );
 * const matrixNode = bufferNode.element( index ); // access a matrix from the buffer
 * ```
 * In general, it is recommended to use the more managed {@link UniformArrayNode}
 * since it handles more input types and automatically cares about buffer paddings.
 *
 * @augments UniformNode
 */
class BufferNode extends UniformNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'BufferNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new buffer node.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<number>} value - Array-like buffer data.
	 * @param {string} bufferType - The data type of the buffer.
	 * @param {number} [bufferCount=0] - The count of buffer elements.
	 */
	constructor( value, bufferType, bufferCount = 0 ) {

		super( value, bufferType );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBufferNode = true;

		/**
		 * The data type of the buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.bufferType = bufferType;

		/**
		 * The uniform node that holds the value of the reference node.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.bufferCount = bufferCount;

		/**
		 * An array of update ranges.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<{start: number, count: number}>}
		 */
		this.updateRanges = [];

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a range of data in the data array to be updated on the GPU.
	 *
	 * @param {number} start - Position at which to start update.
	 * @param {number} count - The number of components to update.
	 */
	addUpdateRange( start, count ) {

		this.updateRanges.push( { start, count } );

	}

	/**
	 * Clears the update ranges.
	 */
	clearUpdateRanges() {

		this.updateRanges.length = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * The data type of the buffer elements.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The element type.
	 */
	getElementType( builder ) {

		return this.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return a fixed value `'buffer'`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return 'buffer';

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a buffer node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Array<number>} value - Array-like buffer data.
 * @param {string} type - The data type of a buffer element.
 * @param {number} count - The count of buffer elements.
 * @returns {BufferNode}
 */
const buffer = ( value, type, count ) => new BufferNode( value, type, count );

/**
 * Represents the element access on uniform array nodes.
 *
 * @augments ArrayElementNode
 */
class UniformArrayElementNode extends ArrayElementNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'UniformArrayElementNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new buffer node.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformArrayNode} uniformArrayNode - The uniform array node to access.
	 * @param {IndexNode} indexNode - The index data that define the position of the accessed element in the array.
	 */
	constructor( uniformArrayNode, indexNode ) {

		super( uniformArrayNode, indexNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isArrayBufferElementNode = true;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const snippet = super.generate( builder );
		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const paddedType = this.node.getPaddedType();

		return builder.format( snippet, paddedType, type );

	}

}

/**
 * Similar to {@link BufferNode} this module represents array-like data as
 * uniform buffers. Unlike {@link BufferNode}, it can handle more common
 * data types in the array (e.g `three.js` primitives) and automatically
 * manage buffer padding. It should be the first choice when working with
 * uniforms buffers.
 * ```js
 * const tintColors = uniformArray( [
 * 	new Color( 1, 0, 0 ),
 * 	new Color( 0, 1, 0 ),
 * 	new Color( 0, 0, 1 )
 * ], 'color' );
 *
 * const redColor = tintColors.element( 0 );
 *
 * @augments BufferNode
 */
class UniformArrayNode extends BufferNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'UniformArrayNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new uniform array node.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<any>} value - Array holding the buffer data.
	 * @param {?string} [elementType=null] - The data type of a buffer element.
	 */
	constructor( value, elementType = null ) {

		super( null );

		/**
		 * Array holding the buffer data. Unlike {@link BufferNode}, the array can
		 * hold number primitives as well as three.js objects like vectors, matrices
		 * or colors.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<any>}
		 */
		this.array = value;

		/**
		 * The data type of an array element.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.elementType = elementType === null ? getValueType( value[ 0 ] ) : elementType;

		/**
		 * The padded type. Uniform buffers must conform to a certain buffer layout
		 * so a separate type is computed to ensure correct buffer size.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.paddedType = this.getPaddedType();

		/**
		 * Overwritten since uniform array nodes are updated per render.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isArrayBufferNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from the
	 * {@link UniformArrayNode#paddedType}.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this.paddedType;

	}

	/**
	 * The data type of the array elements.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The element type.
	 */
	getElementType() {

		return this.elementType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the padded type based on the element type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The padded type.
	 */
	getPaddedType() {

		const elementType = this.elementType;

		let paddedType = 'vec4';

		if ( elementType === 'mat2' ) {

			paddedType = 'mat2';

		} else if ( /mat/.test( elementType ) === true ) {

			paddedType = 'mat4';

		} else if ( elementType.charAt( 0 ) === 'i' ) {

			paddedType = 'ivec4';

		} else if ( elementType.charAt( 0 ) === 'u' ) {

			paddedType = 'uvec4';

		}

		return paddedType;

	}

	update( /*frame*/ ) {

		this.updateBuffer();

	}

	/**
	 * Composes a user-defined update with the buffer transfer.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The update function.
	 * @param {string} updateType - The update type.
	 * @return {UniformArrayNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	onUpdate( callback, updateType ) {

		callback = callback.bind( this );

		return super.onUpdate( ( frame, self ) => {

			callback( frame, self );

			this.updateBuffer();

		}, updateType );

	}

	/**
	 * The method makes sure to correctly transfer the data from the (complex) objects
	 * in the array to the internal, correctly padded value buffer.
	 */
	updateBuffer() {

		const { array, value } = this;

		const elementType = this.elementType;

		if ( elementType === 'float' || elementType === 'int' || elementType === 'uint' ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

				const index = i * 4;

				value[ index ] = array[ i ];

			}

		} else if ( elementType === 'color' ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

				const index = i * 4;
				const vector = array[ i ];

				value[ index ] = vector.r;
				value[ index + 1 ] = vector.g;
				value[ index + 2 ] = vector.b || 0;
				//value[ index + 3 ] = vector.a || 0;

			}

		} else if ( elementType === 'mat2' ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

				const index = i * 4;
				const matrix = array[ i ];

				value[ index ] = matrix.elements[ 0 ];
				value[ index + 1 ] = matrix.elements[ 1 ];
				value[ index + 2 ] = matrix.elements[ 2 ];
				value[ index + 3 ] = matrix.elements[ 3 ];

			}

		} else if ( elementType === 'mat3' ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

				const index = i * 16;
				const matrix = array[ i ];

				value[ index ] = matrix.elements[ 0 ];
				value[ index + 1 ] = matrix.elements[ 1 ];
				value[ index + 2 ] = matrix.elements[ 2 ];

				value[ index + 4 ] = matrix.elements[ 3 ];
				value[ index + 5 ] = matrix.elements[ 4 ];
				value[ index + 6 ] = matrix.elements[ 5 ];

				value[ index + 8 ] = matrix.elements[ 6 ];
				value[ index + 9 ] = matrix.elements[ 7 ];
				value[ index + 10 ] = matrix.elements[ 8 ];

				value[ index + 15 ] = 1;

			}

		} else if ( elementType === 'mat4' ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

				const index = i * 16;
				const matrix = array[ i ];

				for ( let i = 0; i < matrix.elements.length; i ++ ) {

					value[ index + i ] = matrix.elements[ i ];

				}

			}

		} else {

			for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

				const index = i * 4;
				const vector = array[ i ];

				value[ index ] = vector.x;
				value[ index + 1 ] = vector.y;
				value[ index + 2 ] = vector.z || 0;
				value[ index + 3 ] = vector.w || 0;

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Implement the value buffer creation based on the array data.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {null}
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		const length = this.array.length;
		const elementType = this.elementType;

		let arrayType = Float32Array;

		const paddedType = this.paddedType;
		const paddedElementLength = builder.getTypeLength( paddedType );

		if ( elementType.charAt( 0 ) === 'i' ) arrayType = Int32Array;
		if ( elementType.charAt( 0 ) === 'u' ) arrayType = Uint32Array;

		this.value = new arrayType( length * paddedElementLength );
		this.bufferCount = length;
		this.bufferType = paddedType;

		this.updateBuffer(); // initialize the buffer values

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default `element()` method to provide element access
	 * based on {@link UniformArrayNode}.
	 *
	 * @param {IndexNode} indexNode - The index node.
	 * @return {UniformArrayElementNode}
	 */
	element( indexNode ) {

		return new UniformArrayElementNode( this, nodeObject( indexNode ) );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an uniform array node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Array<any>} values - Array-like data.
 * @param {?string} [nodeType] - The data type of the array elements.
 * @returns {UniformArrayNode}
 */
const uniformArray = ( values, nodeType ) => new UniformArrayNode( values, nodeType );

/**
 * The node allows to set values for built-in shader variables. That is
 * required for features like hardware-accelerated vertex clipping.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class BuiltinNode extends Node {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new builtin node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the built-in shader variable.
	 */
	constructor( name ) {

		super( 'float' );

		/**
		 * The name of the built-in shader variable.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBuiltinNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the code snippet of the builtin node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generate( /* builder */ ) {

		return this.name;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a builtin node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the built-in shader variable.
 * @returns {BuiltinNode}
 */
const builtin = nodeProxy( BuiltinNode ).setParameterLength( 1 );

let _screenSizeVec, _viewportVec;

/**
 * This node provides a collection of screen related metrics.
 * Depending on {@link ScreenNode#scope}, the nodes can represent
 * resolution or viewport data as well as fragment or uv coordinates.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ScreenNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ScreenNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new screen node.
	 *
	 * @param {('coordinate'|'viewport'|'size'|'uv'|'dpr')} scope - The node's scope.
	 */
	constructor( scope ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node represents different metric depending on which scope is selected.
		 *
		 * - `ScreenNode.COORDINATE`: Window-relative coordinates of the current fragment according to WebGPU standards.
		 * - `ScreenNode.VIEWPORT`: The current viewport defined as a four-dimensional vector.
		 * - `ScreenNode.SIZE`: The dimensions of the current bound framebuffer.
		 * - `ScreenNode.UV`: Normalized coordinates.
		 * - `ScreenNode.DPR`: Device pixel ratio.
		 *
		 * @type {('coordinate'|'viewport'|'size'|'uv'|'dpr')}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

		/**
		 * This output node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._output = null;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isViewportNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type depends on the selected scope.
	 *
	 * @return {('float'|'vec2'|'vec4')} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType() {

		if ( this.scope === ScreenNode.DPR ) return 'float';
		if ( this.scope === ScreenNode.VIEWPORT ) return 'vec4';
		else return 'vec2';

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node's update type depends on the selected scope.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeUpdateType} The update type.
	 */
	getUpdateType() {

		let updateType = NodeUpdateType.NONE;

		if ( this.scope === ScreenNode.SIZE || this.scope === ScreenNode.VIEWPORT || this.scope === ScreenNode.DPR ) {

			updateType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

		}

		this.updateType = updateType;

		return updateType;

	}

	/**
	 * `ScreenNode` implements {@link Node#update} to retrieve viewport and size information
	 * from the current renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( { renderer } ) {

		const renderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();

		if ( this.scope === ScreenNode.VIEWPORT ) {

			if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

				_viewportVec.copy( renderTarget.viewport );

			} else {

				renderer.getViewport( _viewportVec );

				_viewportVec.multiplyScalar( renderer.getPixelRatio() );

			}

		} else if ( this.scope === ScreenNode.DPR ) {

			this._output.value = renderer.getPixelRatio();

		} else {

			if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

				_screenSizeVec.width = renderTarget.width;
				_screenSizeVec.height = renderTarget.height;

			} else {

				renderer.getDrawingBufferSize( _screenSizeVec );

			}

		}

	}

	setup( /*builder*/ ) {

		const scope = this.scope;

		let output = null;

		if ( scope === ScreenNode.SIZE ) {

			output = uniform( _screenSizeVec || ( _screenSizeVec = new Vector2() ) );

		} else if ( scope === ScreenNode.VIEWPORT ) {

			output = uniform( _viewportVec || ( _viewportVec = new Vector4() ) );

		} else if ( scope === ScreenNode.DPR ) {

			output = uniform( 1 );

		} else {

			output = vec2( screenCoordinate.div( screenSize ) );

		}

		this._output = output;

		return output;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		if ( this.scope === ScreenNode.COORDINATE ) {

			let coord = builder.getFragCoord();

			if ( builder.isFlipY() ) {

				// follow webgpu standards

				const size = builder.getNodeProperties( screenSize ).outputNode.build( builder );

				coord = `${ builder.getType( 'vec2' ) }( ${ coord }.x, ${ size }.y - ${ coord }.y )`;

			}

			return coord;

		}

		return super.generate( builder );

	}

}

ScreenNode.COORDINATE = 'coordinate';
ScreenNode.VIEWPORT = 'viewport';
ScreenNode.SIZE = 'size';
ScreenNode.UV = 'uv';
ScreenNode.DPR = 'dpr';

// Screen

/**
 * TSL object that represents the current DPR.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<float>}
 */
const screenDPR = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ScreenNode, ScreenNode.DPR );

/**
 * TSL object that represents normalized screen coordinates, unitless in `[0, 1]`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<vec2>}
 */
const screenUV = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ScreenNode, ScreenNode.UV );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the screen resolution in physical pixel units.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<vec2>}
 */
const screenSize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ScreenNode, ScreenNode.SIZE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the current `x`/`y` pixel position on the screen in physical pixel units.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<vec2>}
 */
const screenCoordinate = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ScreenNode, ScreenNode.COORDINATE );

// Viewport

/**
 * TSL object that represents the viewport rectangle as `x`, `y`, `width` and `height` in physical pixel units.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<vec4>}
 */
const viewport = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ScreenNode, ScreenNode.VIEWPORT );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the viewport resolution in physical pixel units.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<vec2>}
 */
const viewportSize = viewport.zw;

/**
 * TSL object that represents the current `x`/`y` pixel position on the viewport in physical pixel units.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<vec2>}
 */
const viewportCoordinate = /*@__PURE__*/ screenCoordinate.sub( viewport.xy );

/**
 * TSL object that represents normalized viewport coordinates, unitless in `[0, 1]`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ScreenNode<vec2>}
 */
const viewportUV = /*@__PURE__*/ viewportCoordinate.div( viewportSize );

// Cache node uniforms

let _cameraProjectionMatrixBase = null;
let _cameraProjectionMatrixArray = null;

let _cameraProjectionMatrixInverseBase = null;
let _cameraProjectionMatrixInverseArray = null;

let _cameraViewMatrixBase = null;
let _cameraViewMatrixArray = null;

let _cameraWorldMatrixBase = null;
let _cameraWorldMatrixArray = null;

let _cameraNormalMatrixBase = null;
let _cameraNormalMatrixArray = null;

let _cameraPositionBase = null;
let _cameraPositionArray = null;

let _cameraViewportBase = null;
let _cameraViewportArray = null;

/**
 * TSL object that represents the current `index` value of the camera if used ArrayCamera.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<uint>}
 */
const cameraIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 0, 'uint' ).setName( 'u_cameraIndex' ).setGroup( sharedUniformGroup( 'cameraIndex' ) ).toVarying( 'v_cameraIndex' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the `near` value of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
 */
const cameraNear = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 'float' ).setName( 'cameraNear' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera } ) => camera.near );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the `far` value of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
 */
const cameraFar = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 'float' ).setName( 'cameraFar' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera } ) => camera.far );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the projection matrix of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
 */
const cameraProjectionMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { camera } ) => {

	let cameraProjectionMatrix;

	if ( camera.isArrayCamera && camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

		const matrices = [];

		for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

			matrices.push( subCamera.projectionMatrix );

		}

		if ( _cameraProjectionMatrixArray === null ) {

			_cameraProjectionMatrixArray = uniformArray( matrices ).setGroup( renderGroup ).setName( 'cameraProjectionMatrices' );

		} else {

			_cameraProjectionMatrixArray.array = matrices;

		}

		cameraProjectionMatrix = _cameraProjectionMatrixArray.element( camera.isMultiViewCamera ? builtin( 'gl_ViewID_OVR' ) : cameraIndex );

	} else {

		if ( _cameraProjectionMatrixBase === null ) {

			_cameraProjectionMatrixBase = uniform( camera.projectionMatrix ).setName( 'cameraProjectionMatrix' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera } ) => camera.projectionMatrix );

		}

		cameraProjectionMatrix = _cameraProjectionMatrixBase;

	}

	return cameraProjectionMatrix;

} ).once() )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the inverse projection matrix of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
 */
const cameraProjectionMatrixInverse = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { camera } ) => {

	let cameraProjectionMatrixInverse;

	if ( camera.isArrayCamera && camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

		const matrices = [];

		for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

			matrices.push( subCamera.projectionMatrixInverse );

		}

		if ( _cameraProjectionMatrixInverseArray === null ) {

			_cameraProjectionMatrixInverseArray = uniformArray( matrices ).setGroup( renderGroup ).setName( 'cameraProjectionMatricesInverse' );

		} else {

			_cameraProjectionMatrixInverseArray.array = matrices;

		}

		cameraProjectionMatrixInverse = _cameraProjectionMatrixInverseArray.element( camera.isMultiViewCamera ? builtin( 'gl_ViewID_OVR' ) : cameraIndex );

	} else {

		if ( _cameraProjectionMatrixInverseBase === null ) {

			_cameraProjectionMatrixInverseBase = uniform( camera.projectionMatrixInverse ).setName( 'cameraProjectionMatrixInverse' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera } ) => camera.projectionMatrixInverse );

		}

		cameraProjectionMatrixInverse = _cameraProjectionMatrixInverseBase;

	}

	return cameraProjectionMatrixInverse;

} ).once() )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the view matrix of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
 */
const cameraViewMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { camera } ) => {

	let cameraViewMatrix;

	if ( camera.isArrayCamera && camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

		const matrices = [];

		for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

			matrices.push( subCamera.matrixWorldInverse );

		}

		if ( _cameraViewMatrixArray === null ) {

			_cameraViewMatrixArray = uniformArray( matrices ).setGroup( renderGroup ).setName( 'cameraViewMatrices' );

		} else {

			_cameraViewMatrixArray.array = matrices;

		}

		cameraViewMatrix = _cameraViewMatrixArray.element( camera.isMultiViewCamera ? builtin( 'gl_ViewID_OVR' ) : cameraIndex );

	} else {

		if ( _cameraViewMatrixBase === null ) {

			_cameraViewMatrixBase = uniform( camera.matrixWorldInverse ).setName( 'cameraViewMatrix' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera } ) => camera.matrixWorldInverse );

		}

		cameraViewMatrix = _cameraViewMatrixBase;

	}

	return cameraViewMatrix;

} ).once() )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the world matrix of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
 */
const cameraWorldMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { camera } ) => {

	let cameraWorldMatrix;

	if ( camera.isArrayCamera && camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

		const matrices = [];

		for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

			matrices.push( subCamera.matrixWorld );

		}

		if ( _cameraWorldMatrixArray === null ) {

			_cameraWorldMatrixArray = uniformArray( matrices ).setGroup( renderGroup ).setName( 'cameraWorldMatrices' );

		} else {

			_cameraWorldMatrixArray.array = matrices;

		}

		cameraWorldMatrix = _cameraWorldMatrixArray.element( camera.isMultiViewCamera ? builtin( 'gl_ViewID_OVR' ) : cameraIndex );

	} else {

		if ( _cameraWorldMatrixBase === null ) {

			_cameraWorldMatrixBase = uniform( camera.matrixWorld ).setName( 'cameraWorldMatrix' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera } ) => camera.matrixWorld );

		}

		cameraWorldMatrix = _cameraWorldMatrixBase;

	}

	return cameraWorldMatrix;

} ).once() )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the normal matrix of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<mat3>}
 */
const cameraNormalMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { camera } ) => {

	let cameraNormalMatrix;

	if ( camera.isArrayCamera && camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

		const matrices = [];

		for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

			matrices.push( subCamera.normalMatrix );

		}

		if ( _cameraNormalMatrixArray === null ) {

			_cameraNormalMatrixArray = uniformArray( matrices ).setGroup( renderGroup ).setName( 'cameraNormalMatrices' );

		} else {

			_cameraNormalMatrixArray.array = matrices;

		}

		cameraNormalMatrix = _cameraNormalMatrixArray.element( camera.isMultiViewCamera ? builtin( 'gl_ViewID_OVR' ) : cameraIndex );

	} else {

		if ( _cameraNormalMatrixBase === null ) {

			_cameraNormalMatrixBase = uniform( camera.normalMatrix ).setName( 'cameraNormalMatrix' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera } ) => camera.normalMatrix );

		}

		cameraNormalMatrix = _cameraNormalMatrixBase;

	}

	return cameraNormalMatrix;

} ).once() )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the position in world space of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<vec3>}
 */
const cameraPosition = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { camera } ) => {

	let cameraPosition;

	if ( camera.isArrayCamera && camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

		const positions = [];

		for ( let i = 0, l = camera.cameras.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			positions.push( new Vector3() );

		}

		if ( _cameraPositionArray === null ) {

			_cameraPositionArray = uniformArray( positions ).setGroup( renderGroup ).setName( 'cameraPositions' ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera }, self ) => {

				const subCameras = camera.cameras;
				const array = self.array;

				for ( let i = 0, l = subCameras.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

					array[ i ].setFromMatrixPosition( subCameras[ i ].matrixWorld );

				}

			} );

		} else {

			_cameraPositionArray.array = positions;

		}

		cameraPosition = _cameraPositionArray.element( camera.isMultiViewCamera ? builtin( 'gl_ViewID_OVR' ) : cameraIndex );

	} else {

		if ( _cameraPositionBase === null ) {

			_cameraPositionBase = uniform( new Vector3() ).setName( 'cameraPosition' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera }, self ) => self.value.setFromMatrixPosition( camera.matrixWorld ) );

		}

		cameraPosition = _cameraPositionBase;

	}

	return cameraPosition;

} ).once() )();


/**
 * TSL object that represents the viewport of the camera used for the current render.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<vec4>}
 */
const cameraViewport = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { camera } ) => {

	let cameraViewport;

	if ( camera.isArrayCamera && camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

		const viewports = [];

		for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

			viewports.push( subCamera.viewport );

		}

		if ( _cameraViewportArray === null ) {

			_cameraViewportArray = uniformArray( viewports, 'vec4' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).setName( 'cameraViewports' );

		} else {

			_cameraViewportArray.array = viewports;

		}

		cameraViewport = _cameraViewportArray.element( cameraIndex );

	} else {

		if ( _cameraViewportBase === null ) {

			// Fallback for single camera
			_cameraViewportBase = vec4( 0, 0, screenSize.x, screenSize.y ).toConst( 'cameraViewport' );

		}

		cameraViewport = _cameraViewportBase;

	}

	return cameraViewport;

} ).once() )();

const _sphere = /*@__PURE__*/ new Sphere();

/**
 * This node can be used to access transformation related metrics of 3D objects.
 * Depending on the selected scope, a different metric is represented as a uniform
 * in the shader. The following scopes are supported:
 *
 * - `POSITION`: The object's position in world space.
 * - `VIEW_POSITION`: The object's position in view/camera space.
 * - `DIRECTION`: The object's direction in world space.
 * - `SCALE`: The object's scale in world space.
 * - `WORLD_MATRIX`: The object's matrix in world space.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class Object3DNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'Object3DNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new object 3D node.
	 *
	 * @param {('position'|'viewPosition'|'direction'|'scale'|'worldMatrix')} scope - The node represents a different type of transformation depending on the scope.
	 * @param {?Object3D} [object3d=null] - The 3D object.
	 */
	constructor( scope, object3d = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node reports a different type of transformation depending on the scope.
		 *
		 * @type {('position'|'viewPosition'|'direction'|'scale'|'worldMatrix')}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

		/**
		 * The 3D object.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object3D}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.object3d = object3d;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since this type of node is updated per object.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'object'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

		/**
		 * Holds the value of the node as a uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode}
		 */
		this.uniformNode = new UniformNode( null );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since the node type is inferred from the scope.
	 *
	 * @return {('mat4'|'vec3'|'float')} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType() {

		const scope = this.scope;

		if ( scope === Object3DNode.WORLD_MATRIX ) {

			return 'mat4';

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.POSITION || scope === Object3DNode.VIEW_POSITION || scope === Object3DNode.DIRECTION || scope === Object3DNode.SCALE ) {

			return 'vec3';

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.RADIUS ) {

			return 'float';

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the uniform value depending on the scope.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - The current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		const object = this.object3d;
		const uniformNode = this.uniformNode;
		const scope = this.scope;

		if ( scope === Object3DNode.WORLD_MATRIX ) {

			uniformNode.value = object.matrixWorld;

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.POSITION ) {

			uniformNode.value = uniformNode.value || new Vector3();

			uniformNode.value.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld );

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.SCALE ) {

			uniformNode.value = uniformNode.value || new Vector3();

			uniformNode.value.setFromMatrixScale( object.matrixWorld );

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.DIRECTION ) {

			uniformNode.value = uniformNode.value || new Vector3();

			object.getWorldDirection( uniformNode.value );

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.VIEW_POSITION ) {

			const camera = frame.camera;

			uniformNode.value = uniformNode.value || new Vector3();
			uniformNode.value.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld );

			uniformNode.value.applyMatrix4( camera.matrixWorldInverse );

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.RADIUS ) {

			const geometry = frame.object.geometry;

			if ( geometry.boundingSphere === null ) geometry.computeBoundingSphere();

			_sphere.copy( geometry.boundingSphere ).applyMatrix4( object.matrixWorld );

			uniformNode.value = _sphere.radius;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the code snippet of the uniform node. The node type of the uniform
	 * node also depends on the selected scope.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generate( builder ) {

		const scope = this.scope;

		if ( scope === Object3DNode.WORLD_MATRIX ) {

			this.uniformNode.nodeType = 'mat4';

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.POSITION || scope === Object3DNode.VIEW_POSITION || scope === Object3DNode.DIRECTION || scope === Object3DNode.SCALE ) {

			this.uniformNode.nodeType = 'vec3';

		} else if ( scope === Object3DNode.RADIUS ) {

			this.uniformNode.nodeType = 'float';

		}

		return this.uniformNode.build( builder );

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.scope = this.scope;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.scope = data.scope;

	}

}

Object3DNode.WORLD_MATRIX = 'worldMatrix';
Object3DNode.POSITION = 'position';
Object3DNode.SCALE = 'scale';
Object3DNode.VIEW_POSITION = 'viewPosition';
Object3DNode.DIRECTION = 'direction';
Object3DNode.RADIUS = 'radius';

/**
 * TSL function for creating an object 3D node that represents the object's direction in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Object3D} [object3d] - The 3D object.
 * @returns {Object3DNode<vec3>}
 */
const objectDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( Object3DNode, Object3DNode.DIRECTION ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an object 3D node that represents the object's world matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Object3D} [object3d] - The 3D object.
 * @returns {Object3DNode<mat4>}
 */
const objectWorldMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( Object3DNode, Object3DNode.WORLD_MATRIX ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an object 3D node that represents the object's position in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Object3D} [object3d] - The 3D object.
 * @returns {Object3DNode<vec3>}
 */
const objectPosition = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( Object3DNode, Object3DNode.POSITION ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an object 3D node that represents the object's scale in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Object3D} [object3d] - The 3D object.
 * @returns {Object3DNode<vec3>}
 */
const objectScale = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( Object3DNode, Object3DNode.SCALE ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an object 3D node that represents the object's position in view/camera space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Object3D} [object3d] - The 3D object.
 * @returns {Object3DNode<vec3>}
 */
const objectViewPosition = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( Object3DNode, Object3DNode.VIEW_POSITION ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an object 3D node that represents the object's radius.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Object3D} [object3d] - The 3D object.
 * @returns {Object3DNode<float>}
 */
const objectRadius = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( Object3DNode, Object3DNode.RADIUS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * This type of node is a specialized version of `Object3DNode`
 * with larger set of model related metrics. Unlike `Object3DNode`,
 * `ModelNode` extracts the reference to the 3D object from the
 * current node frame state.
 *
 * @augments Object3DNode
 */
class ModelNode extends Object3DNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ModelNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new object model node.
	 *
	 * @param {('position'|'viewPosition'|'direction'|'scale'|'worldMatrix')} scope - The node represents a different type of transformation depending on the scope.
	 */
	constructor( scope ) {

		super( scope );

	}

	/**
	 * Extracts the model reference from the frame state and then
	 * updates the uniform value depending on the scope.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - The current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		this.object3d = frame.object;

		super.update( frame );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's direction in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ModelNode<vec3>}
 */
const modelDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ModelNode, ModelNode.DIRECTION );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's world matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ModelNode<mat4>}
 */
const modelWorldMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ModelNode, ModelNode.WORLD_MATRIX );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's position in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ModelNode<vec3>}
 */
const modelPosition = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ModelNode, ModelNode.POSITION );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's scale in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ModelNode<vec3>}
 */
const modelScale = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ModelNode, ModelNode.SCALE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's position in view/camera space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ModelNode<vec3>}
 */
const modelViewPosition = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ModelNode, ModelNode.VIEW_POSITION );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's radius.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ModelNode<float>}
 */
const modelRadius = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ModelNode, ModelNode.RADIUS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's normal matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<mat3>}
 */
const modelNormalMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( new Matrix3() ).onObjectUpdate( ( { object }, self ) => self.value.getNormalMatrix( object.matrixWorld ) );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's inverse world matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
 */
const modelWorldMatrixInverse = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( new Matrix4() ).onObjectUpdate( ( { object }, self ) => self.value.copy( object.matrixWorld ).invert() );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's model view matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat4>}
 */
const modelViewMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	return builder.context.modelViewMatrix || mediumpModelViewMatrix;

} ).once() )().toVar( 'modelViewMatrix' );

// GPU Precision

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's model view in `mediump` precision.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat4>}
 */
const mediumpModelViewMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ cameraViewMatrix.mul( modelWorldMatrix );

// CPU Precision

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's model view in `highp` precision
 * which is achieved by computing the matrix in JS and not in the shader.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat4>}
 */
const highpModelViewMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	builder.context.isHighPrecisionModelViewMatrix = true;

	return uniform( 'mat4' ).onObjectUpdate( ( { object, camera } ) => {

		return object.modelViewMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.matrixWorldInverse, object.matrixWorld );

	} );

} ).once() )().toVar( 'highpModelViewMatrix' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the object's model normal view in `highp` precision
 * which is achieved by computing the matrix in JS and not in the shader.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat3>}
 */
const highpModelNormalViewMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	const isHighPrecisionModelViewMatrix = builder.context.isHighPrecisionModelViewMatrix;

	return uniform( 'mat3' ).onObjectUpdate( ( { object, camera } ) => {

		if ( isHighPrecisionModelViewMatrix !== true ) {

			object.modelViewMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.matrixWorldInverse, object.matrixWorld );

		}

		return object.normalMatrix.getNormalMatrix( object.modelViewMatrix );

	} );

} ).once() )().toVar( 'highpModelNormalViewMatrix' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the clip space position of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec4>}
 */
const clipSpace = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	if ( builder.shaderStage !== 'fragment' ) {

		warnOnce( 'TSL: `clipSpace` is only available in fragment stage.' );

		return vec4();

	}

	return builder.context.clipSpace.toVarying( 'v_clipSpace' );

} ).once() )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the position attribute of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {AttributeNode<vec3>}
 */
const positionGeometry = /*@__PURE__*/ attribute( 'position', 'vec3' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the transformed vertex position in local space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * The term "transformed" indicates that an object or material's properties, such as skinning, batch,
 * instancing, or displacement mapping, will change the vertex position of the node when present.
 * To use the pre-transformed local space position of the object, use {@link positionGeometry}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {AttributeNode<vec3>}
 */
const positionLocal = /*@__PURE__*/ positionGeometry.toVarying( 'positionLocal' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the previous vertex position in local space of the current rendered object.
 * Used in context of {@link VelocityNode} for rendering motion vectors.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {AttributeNode<vec3>}
 */
const positionPrevious = /*@__PURE__*/ positionGeometry.toVarying( 'positionPrevious' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex position in world space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec3>}
 */
const positionWorld = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	return modelWorldMatrix.mul( positionLocal ).xyz.toVarying( builder.getSubBuildProperty( 'v_positionWorld' ) );

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'POSITION' ] ) )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the position world direction of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const positionWorldDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( () => {

	const vertexPWD = positionLocal.transformDirection( modelWorldMatrix ).toVarying( 'v_positionWorldDirection' );

	return vertexPWD.normalize().toVar( 'positionWorldDirection' );

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'POSITION' ] ) )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex position in view space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec3>}
 */
const positionView = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	if ( builder.shaderStage === 'fragment' && builder.material.vertexNode ) {

		// reconstruct view position from clip space

		const viewPos = cameraProjectionMatrixInverse.mul( clipSpace );

		return viewPos.xyz.div( viewPos.w ).toVar( 'positionView' );

	}

	return builder.context.setupPositionView().toVarying( 'v_positionView' );

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'POSITION', 'VERTEX' ] ) )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the position view direction of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec3>}
 */
const positionViewDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	let output;

	if ( builder.camera.isOrthographicCamera ) {

		output = vec3( 0, 0, 1 );

	} else {

		output = positionView.negate().toVarying( 'v_positionViewDirection' ).normalize();

	}

	return output.toVar( 'positionViewDirection' );

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'POSITION' ] ) )();

/**
 * This node can be used to evaluate whether a primitive is front or back facing.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class FrontFacingNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'FrontFacingNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new front facing node.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super( 'bool' );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isFrontFacingNode = true;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		if ( builder.shaderStage !== 'fragment' ) return 'true';

		//

		const { material } = builder;

		if ( material.side === BackSide ) {

			return 'false';

		}

		return builder.getFrontFacing();

	}

}

/**
 * TSL object that represents whether a primitive is front or back facing
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {FrontFacingNode<bool>}
 */
const frontFacing = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( FrontFacingNode );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the front facing status as a number instead of a bool.
 * `1` means front facing, `-1` means back facing.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const faceDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ float( frontFacing ).mul( 2.0 ).sub( 1.0 );

/**
 * Negates a vector if the rendering occurs on the back side of a face,
 * based on the material's side configuration.
 *
 * - If the material's side is `BackSide`, the vector is inverted (negated).
 * - If the material's side is `DoubleSide`, the vector is multiplied by `faceDirection`
 *   (negated only for back-facing fragments).
 * - If the material's side is `FrontSide` (default), the vector remains unchanged.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} vector - The vector to process.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The processed vector.
 */
const negateOnBackSide = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ vector ], { material } ) => {

	const side = material.side;

	if ( side === BackSide ) {

		vector = vector.mul( -1 );

	} else if ( side === DoubleSide ) {

		vector = vector.mul( faceDirection );

	}

	return vector;

} );

/**
 * Negates a vector if the rendering occurs on the back side of a face,
 * based on the material's side configuration.
 *
 * - If the material's side is `BackSide`, the vector is inverted (negated).
 * - If the material's side is `DoubleSide`, the vector is multiplied by `faceDirection`
 *   (negated only for back-facing fragments).
 * - If the material's side is `FrontSide` (default), the vector remains unchanged.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @deprecated since r185. Use {@link negateOnBackSide} instead.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} vector - The vector to convert.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The converted vector.
 */
const directionToFaceDirection = ( vector ) => {

	warnOnce( 'TSL: "directionToFaceDirection()" has been renamed to "negateOnBackSide()".' ); // @deprecated r185

	return negateOnBackSide( vector );

};

/**
 * TSL object that represents the normal attribute of the current rendered object in local space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const normalGeometry = /*@__PURE__*/ attribute( 'normal', 'vec3' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex normal of the current rendered object in local space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const normalLocal = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	if ( builder.geometry.hasAttribute( 'normal' ) === false ) {

		warn( 'TSL: Vertex attribute "normal" not found on geometry.' );

		return vec3( 0, 1, 0 );

	}

	return normalGeometry;

}, 'vec3' ).once() )().toVar( 'normalLocal' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the flat vertex normal of the current rendered object in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const normalFlat = /*@__PURE__*/ positionView.dFdx().cross( positionView.dFdy() ).normalize().toVar( 'normalFlat' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex normal of the current rendered object in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const normalViewGeometry = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	let node;

	if ( builder.isFlatShading() ) {

		node = normalFlat;

	} else {

		node = transformNormalToView( normalLocal ).toVarying( 'v_normalViewGeometry' ).normalize();

	}

	return node;

}, 'vec3' ).once() )().toVar( 'normalViewGeometry' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex normal of the current rendered object in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const normalWorldGeometry = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	let normal = normalViewGeometry.transformNormalByInverseViewMatrix( cameraViewMatrix );

	if ( builder.isFlatShading() !== true ) {

		normal = normal.toVarying( 'v_normalWorldGeometry' );

	}

	return normal.normalize().toVar( 'normalWorldGeometry' );

}, 'vec3' ).once() )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex normal of the current rendered object in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const normalView = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	let node;

	if ( builder.subBuildFn === 'NORMAL' || builder.subBuildFn === 'VERTEX' ) {

		node = normalViewGeometry;

		if ( builder.isFlatShading() !== true ) {

			node = negateOnBackSide( node );

		}

	} else {

		// Use custom context to avoid side effects from nodes overwriting getUV, getTextureLevel in the context (e.g. EnvironmentNode)

		node = builder.context.setupNormal().context( { getUV: null, getTextureLevel: null } );

	}

	return node;

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] ) )().toVar( 'normalView' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex normal of the current rendered object in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const normalWorld = /*@__PURE__*/ normalView.transformNormalByInverseViewMatrix( cameraViewMatrix ).toVar( 'normalWorld' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the clearcoat vertex normal of the current rendered object in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const clearcoatNormalView = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( { subBuildFn, context } ) => {

	let node;

	if ( subBuildFn === 'NORMAL' || subBuildFn === 'VERTEX' ) {

		node = normalView;

	} else {

		// Use custom context to avoid side effects from nodes overwriting getUV, getTextureLevel in the context (e.g. EnvironmentNode)

		node = context.setupClearcoatNormal().context( { getUV: null, getTextureLevel: null } );

	}

	return node;

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] ) )().toVar( 'clearcoatNormalView' );

/**
 * Transforms the normal by the normal matrix of the given matrix and then normalizes the result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} normal - The normal.
 * @param {Node<mat3|mat4>} [matrix=modelWorldMatrix] - The matrix.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The transformed normal.
 */
const transformNormal = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ normal, matrix = modelWorldMatrix ] ) => {

	const normalMatrix = mat3( matrix ).inverse().transpose();

	return normalMatrix.mul( normal ).normalize();

} );

addMethodChaining( 'transformNormal', transformNormal );

/**
 * Transforms the given normal from local to view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} normal - The normal.
 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The transformed normal.
 */
const transformNormalToView = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ normal ], builder ) => {

	const modelNormalViewMatrix = builder.context.modelNormalViewMatrix;

	if ( modelNormalViewMatrix ) {

		return normal.transformNormalByViewMatrix( modelNormalViewMatrix );

	}

	//

	const transformedNormal = modelNormalMatrix.mul( normal );

	return transformedNormal.transformNormalByViewMatrix( cameraViewMatrix );

} );

// Deprecated

/**
 * TSL object that represents the transformed vertex normal of the current rendered object in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 * @deprecated since r178. Use `normalView` instead.
 */
const transformedNormalView = ( Fn( () => { // @deprecated, r177

	warn( 'TSL: "transformedNormalView" is deprecated. Use "normalView" instead.' );
	return normalView;

} ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] ) )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the transformed vertex normal of the current rendered object in world space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 * @deprecated since r178. Use `normalWorld` instead.
 */
const transformedNormalWorld = ( Fn( () => { // @deprecated, r177

	warn( 'TSL: "transformedNormalWorld" is deprecated. Use "normalWorld" instead.' );
	return normalWorld;

} ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] ) )();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the transformed clearcoat vertex normal of the current rendered object in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 * @deprecated since r178. Use `clearcoatNormalView` instead.
 */
const transformedClearcoatNormalView = ( Fn( () => { // @deprecated, r177

	warn( 'TSL: "transformedClearcoatNormalView" is deprecated. Use "clearcoatNormalView" instead.' );
	return clearcoatNormalView;

} ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] ) )();

const _m1$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the refraction ratio of the material used for rendering the current object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
 */
const materialRefractionRatio = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 0 ).onReference( ( { material } ) => material ).onObjectUpdate( ( { material } ) => material.refractionRatio );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the intensity of environment maps of PBR materials.
 * When `material.envMap` is set, the value is `material.envMapIntensity` otherwise `scene.environmentIntensity`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialEnvIntensity = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 1 ).onReference( ( { material } ) => material ).onObjectUpdate( function ( { material, scene } ) {

	return material.envMap ? material.envMapIntensity : scene.environmentIntensity;

} );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the rotation of environment maps.
 * When `material.envMap` is set, the value is `material.envMapRotation`.
 * `scene.environmentRotation` controls the rotation of `scene.environment` or `scene.environmentNode` instead.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat4>}
 */
const materialEnvRotation = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( new Matrix4() ).onReference( function ( frame ) {

	return frame.material;

} ).onObjectUpdate( function ( { material, scene } ) {

	const hasSceneEnvironment = ( scene.environment !== null ) || ( scene.environmentNode && scene.environmentNode.isNode );
	const rotation = ( hasSceneEnvironment && material.envMap === null ) ? scene.environmentRotation : material.envMapRotation;

	if ( rotation ) {

		// note: since the matrix is orthonormal, we can use the more-efficient transpose() in lieu of invert()
		_m1$1.makeRotationFromEuler( rotation ).transpose();

	} else {

		_m1$1.identity();

	}

	return _m1$1;

} );

/**
 * The reflect vector in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const reflectView = /*@__PURE__*/ positionViewDirection.negate().reflect( normalView );

/**
 * The refract vector in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const refractView = /*@__PURE__*/ positionViewDirection.negate().refract( normalView, materialRefractionRatio );

/**
 * Used for sampling cube maps when using cube reflection mapping.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const reflectVector = /*@__PURE__*/ reflectView.transformDirection( cameraWorldMatrix ).toVar( 'reflectVector' );

/**
 * Used for sampling cube maps when using cube refraction mapping.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const refractVector = /*@__PURE__*/ refractView.transformDirection( cameraWorldMatrix ).toVar( 'refractVector' );

const EmptyTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ new CubeTexture();

/**
 * This type of uniform node represents a cube texture.
 *
 * @augments TextureNode
 */
class CubeTextureNode extends TextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'CubeTextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new cube texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {CubeTexture} value - The cube texture.
	 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
	 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
	 */
	constructor( value, uvNode = null, levelNode = null, biasNode = null ) {

		super( value, uvNode, levelNode, biasNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isCubeTextureNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return the appropriate cube texture type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		if ( this.value.isDepthTexture === true ) {

			return 'cubeDepthTexture';

		}

		return 'cubeTexture';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a default uvs based on the mapping type of the cube texture.
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The default uv attribute.
	 */
	getDefaultUV() {

		const texture = this.value;

		if ( texture.mapping === CubeReflectionMapping ) {

			return reflectVector;

		} else if ( texture.mapping === CubeRefractionMapping ) {

			return refractVector;

		} else {

			error( 'CubeTextureNode: Mapping "%s" not supported.', texture.mapping );

			return vec3( 0, 0, 0 );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten with an empty implementation since the `updateMatrix` flag is ignored
	 * for cube textures. The uv transformation matrix is not applied to cube textures.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The update toggle.
	 */
	setUpdateMatrix( /*updateMatrix*/ ) { } // Ignore .updateMatrix for CubeTextureNode

	/**
	 * Setups the uv node. Depending on the backend as well as the texture type, it might be necessary
	 * to modify the uv node for correct sampling.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node to setup.
	 * @return {Node} The updated uv node.
	 */
	setupUV( builder, uvNode ) {

		const texture = this.value;

		// Depth textures (shadow maps) - no environment rotation, Y flip for WebGPU
		if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true ) {

			if ( builder.renderer.coordinateSystem === WebGPUCoordinateSystem ) {

				return vec3( uvNode.x, uvNode.y.negate(), uvNode.z );

			}

			return uvNode;

		}

		// rotate first

		uvNode = materialEnvRotation.mul( uvNode );

		// flip

		if ( builder.renderer.coordinateSystem === WebGPUCoordinateSystem || ! texture.isRenderTargetTexture ) {

			uvNode = vec3( uvNode.x.negate(), uvNode.yz );

		}

		return uvNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the uv code snippet.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} cubeUV - The uv node to generate code for.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateUV( builder, cubeUV ) {

		return cubeUV.build( builder, this.sampler === true ? 'vec3' : 'ivec3' );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a cube texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {CubeTexture} value - The cube texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
 * @returns {CubeTextureNode}
 */
const cubeTextureBase = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( CubeTextureNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 4 ).setName( 'cubeTexture' );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a cube texture uniform node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?(CubeTexture|CubeTextureNode)} [value=EmptyTexture] - The cube texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
 * @returns {CubeTextureNode}
 */
const cubeTexture = ( value = EmptyTexture, uvNode = null, levelNode = null, biasNode = null ) => {

	let textureNode;

	if ( value && value.isCubeTextureNode === true ) {

		textureNode = nodeObject( value.clone() );
		textureNode.referenceNode = value; // Ensure the reference is set to the original node

		if ( uvNode !== null ) textureNode.uvNode = nodeObject( uvNode );
		if ( levelNode !== null ) textureNode.levelNode = nodeObject( levelNode );
		if ( biasNode !== null ) textureNode.biasNode = nodeObject( biasNode );

	} else {

		textureNode = cubeTextureBase( value, uvNode, levelNode, biasNode );

	}

	return textureNode;

};

/**
 * TSL function for creating a uniform cube texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?CubeTexture} [value=EmptyTexture] - The cube texture.
 * @returns {CubeTextureNode}
 */
const uniformCubeTexture = ( value = EmptyTexture ) => cubeTextureBase( value );

// TODO: Avoid duplicated code and use only ReferenceBaseNode or ReferenceNode

/**
 * This class is only relevant if the referenced property is array-like.
 * In this case, `ReferenceElementNode` allows to refer to a specific
 * element inside the data structure via an index.
 *
 * @augments ArrayElementNode
 */
class ReferenceElementNode extends ArrayElementNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ReferenceElementNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new reference element node.
	 *
	 * @param {?ReferenceNode} referenceNode - The reference node.
	 * @param {Node} indexNode - The index node that defines the element access.
	 */
	constructor( referenceNode, indexNode ) {

		super( referenceNode, indexNode );

		/**
		 * Similar to {@link ReferenceNode#reference}, an additional
		 * property references to the current node.
		 *
		 * @type {?ReferenceNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.referenceNode = referenceNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isReferenceElementNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from
	 * the uniform type of the reference node.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType() {

		return this.referenceNode.uniformType;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const snippet = super.generate( builder );
		const arrayType = this.referenceNode.getNodeType( builder );
		const elementType = this.getNodeType( builder );

		return builder.format( snippet, arrayType, elementType );

	}

}

/**
 * This type of node establishes a reference to a property of another object.
 * In this way, the value of the node is automatically linked to the value of
 * referenced object. Reference nodes internally represent the linked value
 * as a uniform.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ReferenceNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ReferenceNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new reference node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the property the node refers to.
	 * @param {string} uniformType - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
	 * @param {?Object} [object=null] - The object the property belongs to.
	 * @param {?number} [count=null] - When the linked property is an array-like, this parameter defines its length.
	 */
	constructor( property, uniformType, object = null, count = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The name of the property the node refers to.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.property = property;

		/**
		 * The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.uniformType = uniformType;

		/**
		 * The object the property belongs to.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.object = object;

		/**
		 * When the linked property is an array, this parameter defines its length.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.count = count;

		/**
		 * The property name might have dots so nested properties can be referred.
		 * The hierarchy of the names is stored inside this array.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<string>}
		 */
		this.properties = property.split( '.' );

		/**
		 * Points to the current referred object. This property exists next to {@link ReferenceNode#object}
		 * since the final reference might be updated from calling code.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.reference = object;

		/**
		 * The uniform node that holds the value of the reference node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.node = null;

		/**
		 * The uniform group of the internal uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.group = null;

		/**
		 * An optional label of the internal uniform node.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.name = null;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since reference nodes are updated per object.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'object'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

	}

	/**
	 * When the referred property is array-like, this method can be used
	 * to access elements via an index node.
	 *
	 * @param {IndexNode} indexNode - indexNode.
	 * @return {ReferenceElementNode} A reference to an element.
	 */
	element( indexNode ) {

		return new ReferenceElementNode( this, nodeObject( indexNode ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the uniform group for this reference node.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} group - The uniform group to set.
	 * @return {ReferenceNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setGroup( group ) {

		this.group = group;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the name for the internal uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The label to set.
	 * @return {ReferenceNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setName( name ) {

		this.name = name;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the label for the internal uniform.
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {string} name - The label to set.
	 * @return {ReferenceNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	label( name ) {

		warn( 'TSL: "label()" has been deprecated. Use "setName()" instead.' ); // @deprecated r179

		return this.setName( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the node type which automatically defines the internal
	 * uniform type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uniformType - The type to set.
	 */
	setNodeType( uniformType ) {

		let node = null;

		if ( this.count !== null ) {

			node = buffer( null, uniformType, this.count );

		} else if ( Array.isArray( this.getValueFromReference() ) ) {

			node = uniformArray( null, uniformType );
			node.updateType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

		} else if ( uniformType === 'texture' ) {

			node = texture( null );

		} else if ( uniformType === 'cubeTexture' ) {

			node = cubeTexture( null );

		} else {

			node = uniform( null, uniformType );

		}

		if ( this.group !== null ) {

			node.setGroup( this.group );

		}

		if ( this.name !== null ) node.setName( this.name );

		this.node = node;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from
	 * the type of the reference node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.node === null ) {

			this.updateReference( builder );
			this.updateValue();

		}

		return this.node.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the property value from the given referred object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [object=this.reference] - The object to retrieve the property value from.
	 * @return {any} The value.
	 */
	getValueFromReference( object = this.reference ) {

		const { properties } = this;

		let value = object[ properties[ 0 ] ];

		for ( let i = 1; i < properties.length; i ++ ) {

			value = value[ properties[ i ] ];

		}

		return value;

	}

	/**
	 * Allows to update the reference based on the given state. The state is only
	 * evaluated {@link ReferenceNode#object} is not set.
	 *
	 * @param {(NodeFrame|NodeBuilder)} state - The current state.
	 * @return {Object} The updated reference.
	 */
	updateReference( state ) {

		this.reference = this.object !== null ? this.object : state.object;

		return this.reference;

	}

	/**
	 * The output of the reference node is the internal uniform node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {UniformNode} The output node.
	 */
	setup( /* builder */ ) {

		this.updateValue();

		return this.node;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to update the internal uniform value.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( /*frame*/ ) {

		this.updateValue();

	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the value from the referred object property and uses it
	 * to updated the internal uniform.
	 */
	updateValue() {

		if ( this.node === null ) this.setNodeType( this.uniformType );

		const value = this.getValueFromReference();

		if ( Array.isArray( value ) ) {

			this.node.array = value;

		} else {

			this.node.value = value;

		}

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a reference node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the property the node refers to.
 * @param {string} type - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
 * @param {?Object} [object] - The object the property belongs to.
 * @returns {ReferenceNode}
 */
const reference = ( name, type, object ) => new ReferenceNode( name, type, object );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a reference node. Use this function if you want need a reference
 * to an array-like property that should be represented as a uniform buffer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the property the node refers to.
 * @param {string} type - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
 * @param {number} count - The number of value inside the array-like object.
 * @param {Object} object - An array-like object the property belongs to.
 * @returns {ReferenceNode}
 */
const referenceBuffer = ( name, type, count, object ) => new ReferenceNode( name, type, object, count );

/**
 * This node is a special type of reference node which is intended
 * for linking material properties with node values.
 * ```js
 * const opacityNode = materialReference( 'opacity', 'float', material );
 * ```
 * When changing `material.opacity`, the node value of `opacityNode` will
 * automatically be updated.
 *
 * @augments ReferenceNode
 */
class MaterialReferenceNode extends ReferenceNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'MaterialReferenceNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new material reference node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the property the node refers to.
	 * @param {string} inputType - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
	 * @param {?Material} [material=null] - The material the property belongs to. When no material is set,
	 * the node refers to the material of the current rendered object.
	 */
	constructor( property, inputType, material = null ) {

		super( property, inputType, material );

		/**
		 * The material the property belongs to. When no material is set,
		 * the node refers to the material of the current rendered object.
		 *
		 * @type {?Material}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.material = material;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMaterialReferenceNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the reference based on the given state. The state is only evaluated
	 * {@link MaterialReferenceNode#material} is not set.
	 *
	 * @param {(NodeFrame|NodeBuilder)} state - The current state.
	 * @return {Object} The updated reference.
	 */
	updateReference( state ) {

		this.reference = this.material !== null ? this.material : state.material;

		return this.reference;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a material reference node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The name of the property the node refers to.
 * @param {string} type - The uniform type that should be used to represent the property value.
 * @param {?Material} [material=null] - The material the property belongs to.
 * When no material is set, the node refers to the material of the current rendered object.
 * @returns {MaterialReferenceNode}
 */
const materialReference = ( name, type, material = null ) => new MaterialReferenceNode( name, type, material );

// Normal Mapping Without Precomputed Tangents
// http://www.thetenthplanet.de/archives/1180

const uv = uv$1();

const q0 = positionView.dFdx();
const q1 = positionView.dFdy();
const st0 = uv.dFdx();
const st1 = uv.dFdy();

const N = normalView;

const q1perp = q1.cross( N );
const q0perp = N.cross( q0 );

const T = q1perp.mul( st0.x ).add( q0perp.mul( st1.x ) );
const B = q1perp.mul( st0.y ).add( q0perp.mul( st1.y ) );

const det = T.dot( T ).max( B.dot( B ) );
const scale$1 = det.equal( 0.0 ).select( 0.0, det.inverseSqrt() );

/**
 * Tangent vector in view space, computed dynamically from geometry and UV derivatives.
 * Useful for normal mapping without precomputed tangents.
 *
 * Reference: http://www.thetenthplanet.de/archives/1180
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const tangentViewFrame = /*@__PURE__*/ T.mul( scale$1 ).toVar( 'tangentViewFrame' );

/**
 * Bitangent vector in view space, computed dynamically from geometry and UV derivatives.
 * Complements the tangentViewFrame for constructing the tangent space basis.
 *
 * Reference: http://www.thetenthplanet.de/archives/1180
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const bitangentViewFrame = /*@__PURE__*/ B.mul( scale$1 ).toVar( 'bitangentViewFrame' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the tangent attribute of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec4>}
 */
const tangentGeometry = /*@__PURE__*/ attribute( 'tangent', 'vec4' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex tangent in local space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const tangentLocal = /*@__PURE__*/ tangentGeometry.xyz.toVar( 'tangentLocal' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex tangent in view space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const tangentView = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	let node;

	if ( builder.subBuildFn === 'VERTEX' || builder.geometry.hasAttribute( 'tangent' ) ) {

		node = modelViewMatrix.mul( vec4( tangentLocal, 0 ) ).xyz.toVarying( 'v_tangentView' ).normalize();

	} else {

		node = tangentViewFrame;

	}

	if ( builder.isFlatShading() !== true ) {

		node = negateOnBackSide( node );

	}

	return node;

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] ) )().toVar( 'tangentView' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex tangent in world space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const tangentWorld = /*@__PURE__*/ tangentView.transformDirection( cameraWorldMatrix ).toVarying( 'v_tangentWorld' ).normalize().toVar( 'tangentWorld' );

/**
 * Returns the bitangent node and assigns it to a varying if the material is not flat shaded.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @private
 * @param {Node<vec3>} crossNormalTangent - The cross product of the normal and tangent vectors.
 * @param {string} varyingName - The name of the varying to assign the bitangent to.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The bitangent node.
 */
const getBitangent = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ crossNormalTangent, varyingName ], builder ) => {

	let bitangent = crossNormalTangent.mul( tangentGeometry.w ).xyz;

	if ( builder.subBuildFn === 'NORMAL' && builder.isFlatShading() !== true ) {

		bitangent = bitangent.toVarying( varyingName );

	}

	return bitangent;

} ).once( [ 'NORMAL' ] );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the bitangent attribute of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const bitangentGeometry = /*@__PURE__*/ getBitangent( normalGeometry.cross( tangentGeometry ), 'v_bitangentGeometry' ).normalize().toVar( 'bitangentGeometry' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex bitangent in local space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const bitangentLocal = /*@__PURE__*/ getBitangent( normalLocal.cross( tangentLocal ), 'v_bitangentLocal' ).normalize().toVar( 'bitangentLocal' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex bitangent in view space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const bitangentView = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	let node;

	if ( builder.subBuildFn === 'VERTEX' || builder.geometry.hasAttribute( 'tangent' ) ) {

		node = getBitangent( normalView.cross( tangentView ), 'v_bitangentView' ).normalize();

	} else {

		node = bitangentViewFrame;

	}

	if ( builder.isFlatShading() !== true ) {

		node = negateOnBackSide( node );

	}

	return node;

}, 'vec3' ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] ) )().toVar( 'bitangentView' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex bitangent in world space of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const bitangentWorld = /*@__PURE__*/ getBitangent( normalWorld.cross( tangentWorld ), 'v_bitangentWorld' ).normalize().toVar( 'bitangentWorld' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the TBN matrix in view space.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat3>}
 */
const TBNViewMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ mat3( tangentView, bitangentView, normalView ).toVar( 'TBNViewMatrix' );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the parallax direction.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat3>}
 */
const parallaxDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ positionViewDirection.mul( TBNViewMatrix )/*.normalize()*/;

/**
 * TSL function for computing parallax uv coordinates.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} uv - A uv node.
 * @param {Node<vec2>} scale - A scale node.
 * @returns {Node<vec2>} Parallax uv coordinates.
 */
const parallaxUV = ( uv, scale ) => uv.sub( parallaxDirection.mul( scale ) );

/**
 * TSL function for computing bent normals.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} Bent normals.
 */
const bentNormalView = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( () => {

	// https://google.github.io/filament/Filament.md.html#lighting/imagebasedlights/anisotropy

	let bentNormal = anisotropyB.cross( positionViewDirection );
	bentNormal = bentNormal.cross( anisotropyB ).normalize();
	bentNormal = mix( bentNormal, normalView, anisotropy.mul( roughness.oneMinus() ).oneMinus().pow2().pow2() ).normalize();

	return bentNormal;

} ).once() )();

/**
 * Packs a normal vector into a color value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} node - The direction to pack.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The color.
 */
const packNormalToRGB = ( node ) => nodeObject( node ).mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 );

/**
 * Unpacks a color value into a normal vector.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} node - The color to unpack.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The direction.
 */
const unpackRGBToNormal = ( node ) => nodeObject( node ).mul( 2.0 ).sub( 1 );

/**
 * Unpacks a tangent space normal, reconstructing the Z component by projecting the X,Y coordinates onto the hemisphere.
 * The X,Y coordinates are expected to be in the [-1, 1] range.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} xy - The X,Y coordinates of the normal.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The resulting normal.
 */
const unpackNormal = ( xy ) => vec3( xy, sqrt( saturate( float( 1.0 ).sub( dot( xy, xy ) ) ) ) );

/**
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @deprecated since r185. Use {@link packNormalToRGB} instead.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} node - The direction to pack.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>}
 */
const directionToColor = ( node ) => {

	warnOnce( 'TSL: "directionToColor()" has been renamed to "packNormalToRGB()".' ); // @deprecated r185

	return packNormalToRGB( node );

};

/**
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @deprecated since r185. Use {@link unpackRGBToNormal} instead.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} node - The color to unpack.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>}
 */
const colorToDirection = ( node ) => {

	warnOnce( 'TSL: "colorToDirection()" has been renamed to "unpackRGBToNormal()".' ); // @deprecated r185

	return unpackRGBToNormal( node );

};

/**
 * This class can be used for applying normals maps to materials.
 *
 * ```js
 * material.normalNode = normalMap( texture( normalTex ) );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class NormalMapNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'NormalMapNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new normal map node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} node - Represents the normal map data.
	 * @param {?Node<vec2>} [scaleNode=null] - Controls the intensity of the effect.
	 */
	constructor( node, scaleNode = null ) {

		super( 'vec3' );

		/**
		 * Represents the normal map data.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec3>}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * Controls the intensity of the effect.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec2>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.scaleNode = scaleNode;

		/**
		 * The normal map type.
		 *
		 * @type {(TangentSpaceNormalMap|ObjectSpaceNormalMap)}
		 * @default TangentSpaceNormalMap
		 */
		this.normalMapType = TangentSpaceNormalMap;

		/**
		 * Controls how to unpack the sampled normal map values.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default NoNormalPacking
		 */
		this.unpackNormalMode = NoNormalPacking;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { normalMapType, scaleNode, unpackNormalMode } = this;

		let normalMap = this.node.mul( 2.0 ).sub( 1.0 );

		if ( normalMapType === TangentSpaceNormalMap ) {

			if ( unpackNormalMode === NormalRGPacking ) {

				normalMap = unpackNormal( normalMap.xy );

			} else if ( unpackNormalMode === NormalGAPacking ) {

				normalMap = unpackNormal( normalMap.yw );

			} else if ( unpackNormalMode !== NoNormalPacking ) {

				error( `THREE.NodeMaterial: Unexpected unpack normal mode: ${ unpackNormalMode }` );

			}

		} else {

			if ( unpackNormalMode !== NoNormalPacking ) {

				error( `THREE.NodeMaterial: Normal map type '${ normalMapType }' is not compatible with unpack normal mode '${ unpackNormalMode }'` );

			}

		}

		if ( scaleNode !== null ) {

			let scale = scaleNode;

			if ( builder.isFlatShading() === true ) {

				scale = negateOnBackSide( scale );

			}

			normalMap = vec3( normalMap.xy.mul( scale ), normalMap.z );

		}

		let output = null;

		if ( normalMapType === ObjectSpaceNormalMap ) {

			output = transformNormalToView( normalMap );

		} else if ( normalMapType === TangentSpaceNormalMap ) {

			output = TBNViewMatrix.mul( normalMap ).normalize();

		} else {

			error( `NodeMaterial: Unsupported normal map type: ${ normalMapType }` );

			output = normalView; // Fallback to default normal view

		}

		return output;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a normal map node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} node - Represents the normal map data.
 * @param {?Node<vec2>} [scaleNode=null] - Controls the intensity of the effect.
 * @returns {NormalMapNode}
 */
const normalMap = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( NormalMapNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 2 );

// Bump Mapping Unparametrized Surfaces on the GPU by Morten S. Mikkelsen
// https://mmikk.github.io/papers3d/mm_sfgrad_bump.pdf

const dHdxy_fwd = Fn( ( { textureNode, bumpScale } ) => {

	// It's used to preserve the same TextureNode instance
	const sampleTexture = ( callback ) => textureNode.isolate().context( { getUV: ( texNode ) => callback( texNode.uvNode || uv$1() ), forceUVContext: true } );

	const Hll = float( sampleTexture( ( uvNode ) => uvNode ) );

	return vec2(
		float( sampleTexture( ( uvNode ) => uvNode.add( uvNode.dFdx() ) ) ).sub( Hll ),
		float( sampleTexture( ( uvNode ) => uvNode.add( uvNode.dFdy() ) ) ).sub( Hll )
	).mul( bumpScale );

} );

// Evaluate the derivative of the height w.r.t. screen-space using forward differencing (listing 2)

const perturbNormalArb = Fn( ( inputs ) => {

	const { surf_pos, surf_norm, dHdxy } = inputs;

	// normalize is done to ensure that the bump map looks the same regardless of the texture's scale
	const vSigmaX = surf_pos.dFdx().normalize();
	const vSigmaY = surf_pos.dFdy().normalize();
	const vN = surf_norm; // normalized

	const R1 = vSigmaY.cross( vN );
	const R2 = vN.cross( vSigmaX );

	const fDet = vSigmaX.dot( R1 ).mul( faceDirection );

	const vGrad = fDet.sign().mul( dHdxy.x.mul( R1 ).add( dHdxy.y.mul( R2 ) ) );

	return fDet.abs().mul( surf_norm ).sub( vGrad ).normalize();

} );

/**
 * This class can be used for applying bump maps to materials.
 *
 * ```js
 * material.normalNode = bumpMap( texture( bumpTex ) );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class BumpMapNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'BumpMapNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new bump map node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<float>} textureNode - Represents the bump map data.
	 * @param {?Node<float>} [scaleNode=null] - Controls the intensity of the bump effect.
	 */
	constructor( textureNode, scaleNode = null ) {

		super( 'vec3' );

		/**
		 * Represents the bump map data.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<float>}
		 */
		this.textureNode = textureNode;

		/**
		 * Controls the intensity of the bump effect.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.scaleNode = scaleNode;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		// Screen-space derivatives are unreliable on thin lines, so the bump
		// effect is disabled for wireframe rendering.

		if ( builder.material.wireframe === true ) return normalView;

		const bumpScale = this.scaleNode !== null ? this.scaleNode : 1;
		const dHdxy = dHdxy_fwd( { textureNode: this.textureNode, bumpScale } );

		return perturbNormalArb( {
			surf_pos: positionView,
			surf_norm: normalView,
			dHdxy
		} );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a bump map node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} textureNode - Represents the bump map data.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [scaleNode=null] - Controls the intensity of the bump effect.
 * @returns {BumpMapNode}
 */
const bumpMap = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( BumpMapNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 2 );

const _propertyCache = new Map();

/**
 * This class should simplify the node access to material properties.
 * It internal uses reference nodes to make sure  changes to material
 * properties are automatically reflected to predefined TSL objects
 * like e.g. `materialColor`.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class MaterialNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'MaterialNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new material node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} scope - The scope defines what kind of material property is referred by the node.
	 */
	constructor( scope ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The scope defines what material property is referred by the node.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a cached reference node for the given property and type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the material property.
	 * @param {string} type - The uniform type of the property.
	 * @return {MaterialReferenceNode} A material reference node representing the property access.
	 */
	getCache( property, type ) {

		let node = _propertyCache.get( property );

		if ( node === undefined ) {

			node = materialReference( property, type );

			_propertyCache.set( property, node );

		}

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a float-typed material reference node for the given property name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the material property.
	 * @return {MaterialReferenceNode<float>} A material reference node representing the property access.
	 */
	getFloat( property ) {

		return this.getCache( property, 'float' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a color-typed material reference node for the given property name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the material property.
	 * @return {MaterialReferenceNode<color>} A material reference node representing the property access.
	 */
	getColor( property ) {

		return this.getCache( property, 'color' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a texture-typed material reference node for the given property name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The name of the material property.
	 * @return {MaterialReferenceNode} A material reference node representing the property access.
	 */
	getTexture( property ) {

		return this.getCache( property === 'map' ? 'map' : property + 'Map', 'texture' );

	}

	/**
	 * The node setup is done depending on the selected scope. Multiple material properties
	 * might be grouped into a single node composition if they logically belong together.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node} The node representing the selected scope.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		const material = builder.context.material;
		const scope = this.scope;

		let node = null;

		if ( scope === MaterialNode.COLOR ) {

			const colorNode = material.color !== undefined ? this.getColor( scope ) : vec3();

			if ( material.map && material.map.isTexture === true ) {

				node = colorNode.mul( this.getTexture( 'map' ) );

			} else {

				node = colorNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.OPACITY ) {

			const opacityNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.alphaMap && material.alphaMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = opacityNode.mul( this.getTexture( 'alpha' ) );

			} else {

				node = opacityNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.SPECULAR_STRENGTH ) {

			if ( material.specularMap && material.specularMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = this.getTexture( 'specular' ).r;

			} else {

				node = float( 1 );

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.SPECULAR_INTENSITY ) {

			const specularIntensityNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.specularIntensityMap && material.specularIntensityMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = specularIntensityNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).a );

			} else {

				node = specularIntensityNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.SPECULAR_COLOR ) {

			const specularColorNode = this.getColor( scope );

			if ( material.specularColorMap && material.specularColorMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = specularColorNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).rgb );

			} else {

				node = specularColorNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.ROUGHNESS ) { // TODO: cleanup similar branches

			const roughnessNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.roughnessMap && material.roughnessMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = roughnessNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).g );

			} else {

				node = roughnessNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.METALNESS ) {

			const metalnessNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.metalnessMap && material.metalnessMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = metalnessNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).b );

			} else {

				node = metalnessNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.EMISSIVE ) {

			const emissiveIntensityNode = this.getFloat( 'emissiveIntensity' );
			const emissiveNode = this.getColor( scope ).mul( emissiveIntensityNode );

			if ( material.emissiveMap && material.emissiveMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = emissiveNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ) );

			} else {

				node = emissiveNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.NORMAL ) {

			if ( material.normalMap ) {

				node = normalMap( this.getTexture( 'normal' ), this.getCache( 'normalScale', 'vec2' ) );
				node.normalMapType = material.normalMapType;

				if ( material.normalMap.format == RGFormat || material.normalMap.format == RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format || material.normalMap.format == RG11_EAC_Format ) {

					node.unpackNormalMode = NormalRGPacking;

				}

			} else if ( material.bumpMap ) {

				node = bumpMap( this.getTexture( 'bump' ).r, this.getFloat( 'bumpScale' ) );

			} else {

				node = normalView;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT ) {

			const clearcoatNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.clearcoatMap && material.clearcoatMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = clearcoatNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).r );

			} else {

				node = clearcoatNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS ) {

			const clearcoatRoughnessNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.clearcoatRoughnessMap && material.clearcoatRoughnessMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = clearcoatRoughnessNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).r );

			} else {

				node = clearcoatRoughnessNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT_NORMAL ) {

			if ( material.clearcoatNormalMap ) {

				node = normalMap( this.getTexture( scope ), this.getCache( scope + 'Scale', 'vec2' ) );

			} else {

				node = normalView;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.SHEEN ) {

			const sheenNode = this.getColor( 'sheenColor' ).mul( this.getFloat( 'sheen' ) ); // Move this mul() to CPU

			if ( material.sheenColorMap && material.sheenColorMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = sheenNode.mul( this.getTexture( 'sheenColor' ).rgb );

			} else {

				node = sheenNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.SHEEN_ROUGHNESS ) {

			const sheenRoughnessNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.sheenRoughnessMap && material.sheenRoughnessMap.isTexture === true ) {

				node = sheenRoughnessNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).a );

			} else {

				node = sheenRoughnessNode;

			}

			node = node.clamp( 0.0001, 1.0 );

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.ANISOTROPY ) {

			if ( material.anisotropyMap && material.anisotropyMap.isTexture === true ) {

				const anisotropyPolar = this.getTexture( scope );
				const anisotropyMat = mat2( materialAnisotropyVector.x, materialAnisotropyVector.y, materialAnisotropyVector.y.negate(), materialAnisotropyVector.x );

				node = anisotropyMat.mul( anisotropyPolar.rg.mul( 2.0 ).sub( vec2( 1.0 ) ).normalize().mul( anisotropyPolar.b ) );

			} else {

				node = materialAnisotropyVector;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.IRIDESCENCE_THICKNESS ) {

			const iridescenceThicknessMaximum = reference( '1', 'float', material.iridescenceThicknessRange );

			if ( material.iridescenceThicknessMap ) {

				const iridescenceThicknessMinimum = reference( '0', 'float', material.iridescenceThicknessRange );

				node = iridescenceThicknessMaximum.sub( iridescenceThicknessMinimum ).mul( this.getTexture( scope ).g ).add( iridescenceThicknessMinimum );

			} else {

				node = iridescenceThicknessMaximum;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.TRANSMISSION ) {

			const transmissionNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.transmissionMap ) {

				node = transmissionNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).r );

			} else {

				node = transmissionNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.THICKNESS ) {

			const thicknessNode = this.getFloat( scope );

			if ( material.thicknessMap ) {

				node = thicknessNode.mul( this.getTexture( scope ).g );

			} else {

				node = thicknessNode;

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.IOR ) {

			node = this.getFloat( scope );

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.LIGHT_MAP ) {

			if ( material.lightMap ) {

				node = this.getTexture( scope ).rgb.mul( this.getFloat( 'lightMapIntensity' ) );

			} else {

				node = vec3( 0.0 );

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.AO ) {

			if ( material.aoMap ) {

				node = this.getTexture( scope ).r.sub( 1.0 ).mul( this.getFloat( 'aoMapIntensity' ) ).add( 1.0 );

			} else {

				node = float( 1.0 );

			}

		} else if ( scope === MaterialNode.LINE_DASH_OFFSET ) {

			node = ( material.dashOffset ) ? this.getFloat( scope ) : float( 0 );

		} else {

			const outputType = this.getNodeType( builder );

			node = this.getCache( scope, outputType );

		}

		return node;

	}

}

MaterialNode.ALPHA_TEST = 'alphaTest';
MaterialNode.COLOR = 'color';
MaterialNode.OPACITY = 'opacity';
MaterialNode.SHININESS = 'shininess';
MaterialNode.SPECULAR = 'specular';
MaterialNode.SPECULAR_STRENGTH = 'specularStrength';
MaterialNode.SPECULAR_INTENSITY = 'specularIntensity';
MaterialNode.SPECULAR_COLOR = 'specularColor';
MaterialNode.REFLECTIVITY = 'reflectivity';
MaterialNode.ROUGHNESS = 'roughness';
MaterialNode.METALNESS = 'metalness';
MaterialNode.NORMAL = 'normal';
MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT = 'clearcoat';
MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS = 'clearcoatRoughness';
MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT_NORMAL = 'clearcoatNormal';
MaterialNode.EMISSIVE = 'emissive';
MaterialNode.ROTATION = 'rotation';
MaterialNode.SHEEN = 'sheen';
MaterialNode.SHEEN_ROUGHNESS = 'sheenRoughness';
MaterialNode.ANISOTROPY = 'anisotropy';
MaterialNode.IRIDESCENCE = 'iridescence';
MaterialNode.IRIDESCENCE_IOR = 'iridescenceIOR';
MaterialNode.IRIDESCENCE_THICKNESS = 'iridescenceThickness';
MaterialNode.IOR = 'ior';
MaterialNode.TRANSMISSION = 'transmission';
MaterialNode.THICKNESS = 'thickness';
MaterialNode.ATTENUATION_DISTANCE = 'attenuationDistance';
MaterialNode.ATTENUATION_COLOR = 'attenuationColor';
MaterialNode.LINE_SCALE = 'scale';
MaterialNode.LINE_DASH_SIZE = 'dashSize';
MaterialNode.LINE_GAP_SIZE = 'gapSize';
MaterialNode.LINE_WIDTH = 'linewidth';
MaterialNode.LINE_DASH_OFFSET = 'dashOffset';
MaterialNode.POINT_SIZE = 'size';
MaterialNode.DISPERSION = 'dispersion';
MaterialNode.RETROREFLECTIVE = 'retroreflective';
MaterialNode.LIGHT_MAP = 'light';
MaterialNode.AO = 'ao';

/**
 * TSL object that represents alpha test of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialAlphaTest = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.ALPHA_TEST );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the diffuse color of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `color` * `map`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialColor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.COLOR );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the shininess of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialShininess = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.SHININESS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the emissive color of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `emissive` * `emissiveIntensity` * `emissiveMap`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialEmissive = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.EMISSIVE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the opacity of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `opacity` * `alphaMap`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialOpacity = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.OPACITY );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the specular of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialSpecular = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.SPECULAR );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the specular intensity of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `specularIntensity` * `specularMap.a`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialSpecularIntensity = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.SPECULAR_INTENSITY );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the specular color of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `specularColor` * `specularMap.rgb`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialSpecularColor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.SPECULAR_COLOR );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the specular strength of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `specularMap.r`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialSpecularStrength = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.SPECULAR_STRENGTH );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the reflectivity of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialReflectivity = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.REFLECTIVITY );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the roughness of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `roughness` * `roughnessMap.g`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.ROUGHNESS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the metalness of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `metalness` * `metalnessMap.b`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialMetalness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.METALNESS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the normal of the current material.
 * The value will be either `normalMap` * `normalScale`, `bumpMap` * `bumpScale` or `normalView`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialNormal = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.NORMAL );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the clearcoat of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `clearcoat` * `clearcoatMap.r`
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialClearcoat = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the clearcoat roughness of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `clearcoatRoughness` * `clearcoatRoughnessMap.r`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialClearcoatRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the clearcoat normal of the current material.
 * The value will be either `clearcoatNormalMap` or `normalView`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialClearcoatNormal = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.CLEARCOAT_NORMAL );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the rotation of the current sprite material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialRotation = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.ROTATION );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the sheen color of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `sheen` * `sheenColor` * `sheenColorMap`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialSheen = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.SHEEN );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the sheen roughness of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `sheenRoughness` * `sheenRoughnessMap.a`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialSheenRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.SHEEN_ROUGHNESS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the anisotropy of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec2>}
 */
const materialAnisotropy = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.ANISOTROPY );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the iridescence of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialIridescence = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.IRIDESCENCE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the iridescence IOR of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialIridescenceIOR = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.IRIDESCENCE_IOR );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the iridescence thickness of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialIridescenceThickness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.IRIDESCENCE_THICKNESS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the transmission of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `transmission` * `transmissionMap.r`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialTransmission = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.TRANSMISSION );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the thickness of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `thickness` * `thicknessMap.g`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialThickness = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.THICKNESS );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the IOR of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialIOR = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.IOR );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the attenuation distance of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialAttenuationDistance = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.ATTENUATION_DISTANCE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the attenuation color of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialAttenuationColor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.ATTENUATION_COLOR );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the scale of the current dashed line material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialLineScale = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.LINE_SCALE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the dash size of the current dashed line material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialLineDashSize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.LINE_DASH_SIZE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the gap size of the current dashed line material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialLineGapSize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.LINE_GAP_SIZE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the line width of the current line material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialLineWidth = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.LINE_WIDTH );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the dash offset of the current line material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialLineDashOffset = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.LINE_DASH_OFFSET );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the point size of the current points material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialPointSize = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.POINT_SIZE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the dispersion of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialDispersion = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.DISPERSION );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the retroreflective strength of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialRetroreflective = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.RETROREFLECTIVE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the light map of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `lightMapIntensity` * `lightMap.rgb`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const materialLightMap = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.LIGHT_MAP );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the ambient occlusion map of the current material.
 * The value is composed via `aoMap.r` - 1 * `aoMapIntensity` + 1.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const materialAO = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( MaterialNode, MaterialNode.AO );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the anisotropy vector of the current material.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec2>}
 */
const materialAnisotropyVector = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( new Vector2() ).onReference( function ( frame ) {

	return frame.material;

} ).onRenderUpdate( function ( { material } ) {

	this.value.set( material.anisotropy * Math.cos( material.anisotropyRotation ), material.anisotropy * Math.sin( material.anisotropyRotation ) );

} );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the position in clip space after the model-view-projection transform of the current rendered object.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec4>}
 */
const modelViewProjection = /*@__PURE__*/ ( Fn( ( builder ) => {

	return builder.context.setupModelViewProjection();

}, 'vec4' ).once() )().toVarying( 'v_modelViewProjection' );

/**
 * EventNode is a node that executes a callback during specific update phases.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class EventNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'EventNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Creates an EventNode.
	 *
	 * @param {string} eventType - The type of event
	 * @param {Function} callback - The callback to execute on update.
	 */
	constructor( eventType, callback ) {

		super( 'void' );

		this.eventType = eventType;
		this.callback = callback;

		if ( eventType === EventNode.OBJECT ) {

			this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

		} else if ( eventType === EventNode.MATERIAL ) {

			this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

		} else if ( eventType === EventNode.FRAME ) {

			this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.FRAME;

		} else if ( eventType === EventNode.BEFORE_OBJECT ) {

			this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

		} else if ( eventType === EventNode.BEFORE_MATERIAL ) {

			this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

		} else if ( eventType === EventNode.BEFORE_FRAME ) {

			this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.FRAME;

		}

	}

	update( frame ) {

		this.callback( frame );

	}

	updateBefore( frame ) {

		this.callback( frame );

	}

}

EventNode.OBJECT = 'object';
EventNode.MATERIAL = 'material';
EventNode.FRAME = 'frame';
EventNode.BEFORE_OBJECT = 'beforeObject';
EventNode.BEFORE_MATERIAL = 'beforeMaterial';
EventNode.BEFORE_FRAME = 'beforeFrame';

/**
 * Helper to create an EventNode and add it to the stack.
 *
 * @param {string} type - The event type.
 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
 * @returns {EventNode}
 */
const createEvent = ( type, callback ) => new EventNode( type, callback ).toStack();

/**
 * Creates an event that triggers a function every time an object (Mesh|Sprite) is rendered.
 *
 * The event will be bound to the declared TSL function `Fn()`; it must be declared within a `Fn()` or the JS function call must be inherited from one.
 *
 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
 * @returns {EventNode}
 */
const OnObjectUpdate = ( callback ) => createEvent( EventNode.OBJECT, callback );

/**
 * Creates an event that triggers a function when the first object that uses the material is rendered.
 *
 * The event will be bound to the declared TSL function `Fn()`; it must be declared within a `Fn()` or the JS function call must be inherited from one.
 *
 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
 * @returns {EventNode}
 */
const OnMaterialUpdate = ( callback ) => createEvent( EventNode.MATERIAL, callback );

/**
 * Creates an event that triggers a function every frame.
 *
 * The event will be bound to the declared TSL function `Fn()`; it must be declared within a `Fn()` or the JS function call must be inherited from one.
 *
 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
 * @returns {EventNode}
 */
const OnFrameUpdate = ( callback ) => createEvent( EventNode.FRAME, callback );

/**
 * Creates an event that triggers a function before an object (Mesh|Sprite) is updated.
 *
 * The event will be bound to the declared TSL function `Fn()`; it must be declared within a `Fn()` or the JS function call must be inherited from one.
 *
 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
 * @returns {EventNode}
 */
const OnBeforeObjectUpdate = ( callback ) => createEvent( EventNode.BEFORE_OBJECT, callback );

/**
 * Creates an event that triggers a function before the material is updated.
 *
 * The event will be bound to the declared TSL function `Fn()`; it must be declared within a `Fn()` or the JS function call must be inherited from one.
 *
 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
 * @returns {EventNode}
 */
const OnBeforeMaterialUpdate = ( callback ) => createEvent( EventNode.BEFORE_MATERIAL, callback );

/**
 * Creates an event that triggers a function before every frame.
 *
 * The event will be bound to the declared TSL function `Fn()`; it must be declared within a `Fn()` or the JS function call must be inherited from one.
 *
 * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
 * @returns {EventNode}
 */
const OnBeforeFrameUpdate = ( callback ) => createEvent( EventNode.BEFORE_FRAME, callback );

/**
 * This class enables element access on instances of {@link StorageBufferNode}.
 * In most cases, it is indirectly used when accessing elements with the
 * {@link StorageBufferNode#element} method.
 *
 * ```js
 * const position = positionStorage.element( instanceIndex );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments ArrayElementNode
 */
class StorageArrayElementNode extends ArrayElementNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'StorageArrayElementNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs storage buffer element node.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageBufferNode} storageBufferNode - The storage buffer node.
	 * @param {Node} indexNode - The index node that defines the element access.
	 */
	constructor( storageBufferNode, indexNode ) {

		super( storageBufferNode, indexNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageArrayElementNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * The storage buffer node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} value
	 * @type {StorageBufferNode}
	 */
	set storageBufferNode( value ) {

		this.node = value;

	}

	get storageBufferNode() {

		return this.node;

	}

	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		const structTypeNode = this.storageBufferNode.structTypeNode;

		if ( structTypeNode ) {

			return structTypeNode.getMemberType( builder, name );

		}

		return 'void';

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		if ( builder.isAvailable( 'storageBuffer' ) === false ) {

			if ( this.node.isPBO === true ) {

				builder.setupPBO( this.node );

			}

		}

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		let snippet;

		const isAssignContext = builder.isContextAssign();

		//

		if ( builder.isAvailable( 'storageBuffer' ) === false ) {

			if ( this.node.isPBO === true && isAssignContext !== true && ( this.node.value.isInstancedBufferAttribute || builder.shaderStage !== 'compute' ) ) {

				snippet = builder.generatePBO( this );

			} else {

				snippet = this.node.build( builder );

			}

		} else {

			snippet = super.generate( builder );

		}

		if ( isAssignContext !== true ) {

			const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

			snippet = builder.format( snippet, type, output );

		}

		return snippet;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a storage element node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {StorageBufferNode} storageBufferNode - The storage buffer node.
 * @param {Node} indexNode - The index node that defines the element access.
 * @returns {StorageArrayElementNode}
 */
const storageElement = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( StorageArrayElementNode ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * This node is used in context of compute shaders and allows to define a
 * storage buffer for data. A typical workflow is to create instances of
 * this node with the convenience functions `attributeArray()` or `instancedArray()`,
 * setup up a compute shader that writes into the buffers and then convert
 * the storage buffers to attribute nodes for rendering.
 *
 * ```js
 * const positionBuffer = instancedArray( particleCount, 'vec3' ); // the storage buffer node
 *
 * const computeInit = Fn( () => { // the compute shader
 *
 * 	const position = positionBuffer.element( instanceIndex );
 *
 * 	// compute position data
 *
 * 	position.x = 1;
 * 	position.y = 1;
 * 	position.z = 1;
 *
 * } )().compute( particleCount );
 *
 * const particleMaterial = new THREE.SpriteNodeMaterial();
 * particleMaterial.positionNode = positionBuffer.toAttribute();
 *
 * renderer.computeAsync( computeInit );
 *
 * ```
 *
 * @augments BufferNode
 */
class StorageBufferNode extends BufferNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'StorageBufferNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage buffer node.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageBufferAttribute|StorageInstancedBufferAttribute|BufferAttribute} value - The buffer data.
	 * @param {?(string|Struct)} [bufferType=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
	 * @param {number} [bufferCount=0] - The buffer count.
	 */
	constructor( value, bufferType = null, bufferCount = 0 ) {

		let nodeType, structTypeNode = null;

		if ( bufferType && bufferType.isStructTypeNode ) {

			nodeType = 'struct';
			structTypeNode = bufferType;

			if ( value.isStorageBufferAttribute || value.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

				bufferCount = value.count;

			}

		} else if ( bufferType === null && ( value.isStorageBufferAttribute || value.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) ) {

			nodeType = getTypeFromLength( value.itemSize );
			bufferCount = value.count;

		} else {

			nodeType = bufferType;

		}

		super( value, nodeType, bufferCount );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageBufferNode = true;


		/**
		 * The buffer struct type.
		 *
		 * @type {?StructTypeNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.structTypeNode = structTypeNode;

		/**
		 * The access type of the texture node.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'readWrite'
		 */
		this.access = NodeAccess.READ_WRITE;

		/**
		 * Whether the node is atomic or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.isAtomic = false;

		/**
		 * Whether the node represents a PBO or not.
		 * Only relevant for WebGL.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.isPBO = false;

		/**
		 * A reference to the internal buffer attribute node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?BufferAttributeNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._attribute = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the internal varying node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?VaryingNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._varying = null;

		/**
		 * `StorageBufferNode` sets this property to `true` by default.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

		if ( value.isStorageBufferAttribute !== true && value.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute !== true ) {

			// TODO: Improve it, possibly adding a new property to the BufferAttribute to identify it as a storage buffer read-only attribute in Renderer

			if ( value.isInstancedBufferAttribute ) value.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute = true;
			else value.isStorageBufferAttribute = true;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the buffer data might be shared
	 * and thus the hash should be shared as well.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The hash.
	 */
	getHash( builder ) {

		let id;

		if ( this.bufferCount === 0 ) {

			let bufferData = builder.globalCache.getData( this.value );

			if ( bufferData === undefined ) {

				bufferData = {
					node: this
				};

				builder.globalCache.setData( this.value, bufferData );

			}

			id = bufferData.node.id;

		} else {

			id = this.id;

		}

		return String( id );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return a fixed value `'indirectStorageBuffer'` or `'storageBuffer'`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this.value.isIndirectStorageBufferAttribute ? 'indirectStorageBuffer' : 'storageBuffer';

	}

	/**
	 * Enables element access with the given index node.
	 *
	 * @param {IndexNode} indexNode - The index node.
	 * @return {StorageArrayElementNode} A node representing the element access.
	 */
	element( indexNode ) {

		return storageElement( this, indexNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines whether this node is a PBO or not. Only relevant for WebGL.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The value so set.
	 * @return {StorageBufferNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setPBO( value ) {

		this.isPBO = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the `isPBO` value.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the node represents a PBO or not.
	 */
	getPBO() {

		return this.isPBO;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the node access.
	 *
	 * @param {string} value - The node access.
	 * @return {StorageBufferNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setAccess( value ) {

		this.access = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Convenience method for configuring a read-only node access.
	 *
	 * @return {StorageBufferNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	toReadOnly() {

		return this.setAccess( NodeAccess.READ_ONLY );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines whether the node is atomic or not.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The atomic flag.
	 * @return {StorageBufferNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setAtomic( value ) {

		this.isAtomic = value;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Convenience method for making this node atomic.
	 *
	 * @return {StorageBufferNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	toAtomic() {

		return this.setAtomic( true );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns attribute data for this storage buffer node.
	 *
	 * @return {{attribute: BufferAttributeNode, varying: VaryingNode}} The attribute data.
	 */
	getAttributeData() {

		if ( this._attribute === null ) {

			this._attribute = bufferAttribute( this.value );
			this._varying = varying( this._attribute );

		}

		return {
			attribute: this._attribute,
			varying: this._varying
		};

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type from the availability of storage buffers
	 * and the attribute data.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		if ( this.structTypeNode !== null ) {

			return this.structTypeNode.getNodeType( builder );

		}

		if ( builder.isAvailable( 'storageBuffer' ) || builder.isAvailable( 'indirectStorageBuffer' ) ) {

			return super.generateNodeType( builder );

		}

		const { attribute } = this.getAttributeData();

		return attribute.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type of a member of the struct.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the member.
	 * @return {string} The type of the member.
	 */
	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		if ( this.structTypeNode !== null ) {

			return this.structTypeNode.getMemberType( builder, name );

		}

		return 'void';

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the code snippet of the storage buffer node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generate( builder ) {

		if ( this.structTypeNode !== null ) this.structTypeNode.build( builder );

		if ( builder.isAvailable( 'storageBuffer' ) || builder.isAvailable( 'indirectStorageBuffer' ) ) {

			return super.generate( builder );

		}

		const { attribute, varying } = this.getAttributeData();

		const output = varying.build( builder );

		builder.registerTransform( output, attribute );

		return output;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a storage buffer node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {StorageBufferAttribute|StorageInstancedBufferAttribute|BufferAttribute} value - The buffer data.
 * @param {?(string|Struct)} [type=null] - The buffer type (e.g. `'vec3'`).
 * @param {number} [count=0] - The buffer count.
 * @returns {StorageBufferNode}
 */
const storage = ( value, type = null, count = 0 ) => new StorageBufferNode( value, type, count );

const _matrixBuffers = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();
const _colorBuffers = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();
const _previousInstanceMatrices = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * Creates the appropriate node for instanced matrix transformations.
 * Depending on buffer limits and storage capability, returns either a storage, buffer, or instanced interleaved attribute node.
 *
 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
 * @param {InstancedBufferAttribute|StorageInstancedBufferAttribute} instanceMatrix - The matrix buffer attribute.
 * @returns {Node} The matrix node.
 */
function createInstanceMatrixNode( builder, instanceMatrix ) {

	let instanceMatrixNode;
	const matrixCount = Math.max( instanceMatrix.count, 1 );

	const isStorageMatrix = instanceMatrix.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute === true;

	if ( isStorageMatrix ) {

		instanceMatrixNode = storage( instanceMatrix, 'mat4', matrixCount ).element( instanceIndex );

	} else {

		const uniformBufferSize = matrixCount * 16 * 4;

		if ( uniformBufferSize <= builder.getUniformBufferLimit() ) {

			instanceMatrixNode = buffer( instanceMatrix.array, 'mat4', matrixCount ).element( instanceIndex );

		} else {

			let interleaved = _matrixBuffers.get( instanceMatrix );

			if ( ! interleaved ) {

				interleaved = new InstancedInterleavedBuffer( instanceMatrix.array, 16, 1 );
				_matrixBuffers.set( instanceMatrix, interleaved );

			}

			const bufferFn = instanceMatrix.usage === DynamicDrawUsage ? instancedDynamicBufferAttribute : instancedBufferAttribute;

			const instanceBuffers = [
				bufferFn( interleaved, 'vec4', 16, 0 ),
				bufferFn( interleaved, 'vec4', 16, 4 ),
				bufferFn( interleaved, 'vec4', 16, 8 ),
				bufferFn( interleaved, 'vec4', 16, 12 )
			];

			instanceMatrixNode = mat4( ...instanceBuffers );

		}

	}

	return instanceMatrixNode;

}

/**
 * Retrieves or initializes the previous frame instance matrix node for motion vectors.
 * Uses a WeakMap to cache previous frame instance matrices and their TSL nodes.
 *
 * @param {InstancedMesh} instancedMesh - The instanced mesh object.
 * @param {InstancedBufferAttribute|StorageInstancedBufferAttribute} instanceMatrix - The current matrix buffer attribute.
 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
 * @returns {Node} The previous frame instance matrix node.
 */
function getPreviousInstance( instancedMesh, instanceMatrix, builder ) {

	let data = _previousInstanceMatrices.get( instancedMesh );

	if ( data === undefined ) {

		const previousInstanceMatrix = instanceMatrix.clone();

		data = {
			previousInstanceMatrix,
			node: createInstanceMatrixNode( builder, previousInstanceMatrix )
		};

		_previousInstanceMatrices.set( instancedMesh, data );

	}

	return data.node;

}

/**
 * TSL object representing a varying property for the instanced color vector.
 *
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec3>}
 */
const instanceColor = /*@__PURE__*/ varyingProperty( 'vec3', 'vInstanceColor' );

/**
 * TSL function representing the standard instancing vertex shader setup.
 * Transforms positionLocal and normalLocal, and assigns varying color in-place.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {InstancedBufferAttribute|StorageInstancedBufferAttribute} matrices - The instanced transformation matrices.
 * @param {?InstancedBufferAttribute|StorageInstancedBufferAttribute} [colors=null] - The optional instanced colors.
 */
const instance = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ matrices, colors = null ], builder ) => {

	const isStorageMatrix = matrices.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute === true;
	const isStorageColor = colors && colors.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute === true;

	const instanceMatrixNode = createInstanceMatrixNode( builder, matrices );

	// interleaved buffer tracking for matrix
	let interleavedMatrix = null;

	if ( ! isStorageMatrix ) {

		const uniformBufferSize = Math.max( matrices.count, 1 ) * 16 * 4;

		if ( uniformBufferSize > builder.getUniformBufferLimit() ) {

			interleavedMatrix = _matrixBuffers.get( matrices );

		}

	}

	let instanceColorNode = null;
	let interleavedColor = null;

	if ( colors ) {

		if ( isStorageColor ) {

			instanceColorNode = storage( colors, 'vec3', Math.max( colors.count, 1 ) ).element( instanceIndex );

		} else {

			let bufferAttribute = _colorBuffers.get( colors );

			if ( ! bufferAttribute ) {

				bufferAttribute = new InstancedBufferAttribute( colors.array, 3 );
				_colorBuffers.set( colors, bufferAttribute );

			}

			interleavedColor = bufferAttribute;

			const bufferFn = colors.usage === DynamicDrawUsage ? instancedDynamicBufferAttribute : instancedBufferAttribute;

			instanceColorNode = vec3( bufferFn( bufferAttribute, 'vec3', 3, 0 ) );

		}

	}

	// Synchronization of dynamic buffer updates per frame
	if ( interleavedMatrix !== null || interleavedColor !== null ) {

		OnFrameUpdate( () => {

			if ( interleavedMatrix !== null ) {

				interleavedMatrix.clearUpdateRanges();
				interleavedMatrix.updateRanges.push( ...matrices.updateRanges );

				if ( matrices.version !== interleavedMatrix.version ) {

					interleavedMatrix.version = matrices.version;

				}

			}

			if ( colors && interleavedColor !== null ) {

				interleavedColor.clearUpdateRanges();
				interleavedColor.updateRanges.push( ...colors.updateRanges );

				if ( colors.version !== interleavedColor.version ) {

					interleavedColor.version = colors.version;

				}

			}

		} );

	}

	// POSITION

	const instancePosition = instanceMatrixNode.mul( positionLocal ).xyz;
	positionLocal.assign( instancePosition );

	if ( builder.needsPreviousData() ) {

		const instancedMesh = builder.object;

		OnObjectUpdate( ( { object } ) => {

			const previousInstanceData = _previousInstanceMatrices.get( object );

			previousInstanceData.previousInstanceMatrix.array.set( matrices.array );

		} );

		const previousInstanceMatrixNode = getPreviousInstance( instancedMesh, matrices, builder );
		positionPrevious.assign( previousInstanceMatrixNode.mul( positionPrevious ).xyz );

	}

	// NORMAL

	if ( builder.hasGeometryAttribute( 'normal' ) ) {

		const instanceNormal = transformNormal( normalLocal, instanceMatrixNode );
		normalLocal.assign( instanceNormal );

	}

	// COLOR

	if ( instanceColorNode !== null ) {

		instanceColor.assign( instanceColorNode );

	}

}, 'void' );

/**
 * TSL wrapper for applying instanced mesh rendering setup.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {InstancedMesh} instancedMesh - The instanced mesh.
 */
const instancedMesh = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ instancedMesh ] ) => {

	const { instanceMatrix, instanceColor } = instancedMesh;

	instance( instanceMatrix, instanceColor );

}, 'void' );

/**
 * TSL function that retrieves the batching color for a given instance ID from a colors texture.
 *
 * @param {Node<texture>} colorsTexture - The colors texture.
 * @param {Node<int>} id - The instance or batch ID.
 * @returns {Node<vec4>} The retrieved color.
 */
const getBatchingColor = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ colorsTexture, id ] ) => {

	const size = int( textureSize( textureLoad( colorsTexture ), 0 ).x ).toConst();
	const j = int( id );
	const x = j.mod( size ).toConst();
	const y = j.div( size ).toConst();
	return textureLoad( colorsTexture, ivec2( x, y ) );

} );

/**
 * TSL function that retrieves the indirect index for a given batch ID.
 *
 * @param {BatchedMesh} batchMesh - The batched mesh.
 * @param {Node<int>} id - The draw or instance ID.
 * @returns {Node<uint>} The indirect index.
 */
const getIndirectIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ indirectTexture, id ] ) => {

	const size = int( textureSize( textureLoad( indirectTexture ), 0 ).x ).toConst();
	const x = int( id ).mod( size ).toConst();
	const y = int( id ).div( size ).toConst();
	return textureLoad( indirectTexture, ivec2( x, y ) ).x;

} );

/**
 * TSL object representing a varying property for the batching color vector.
 *
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec4>}
 */
const batchColor = /*@__PURE__*/ varyingProperty( 'vec4', 'vBatchColor' );

/**
 * TSL function representing the vertex shader batching setup.
 * Applies the batch transformation matrix to positionLocal, normalLocal, and tangentLocal.
 * Also assigns the batch color if a color texture is present.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {BatchedMesh} batchMesh - The batched mesh.
 */
const batch = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ batchMesh ], builder ) => {

	const batchingIdNode = builder.getDrawIndex() === null ? instanceIndex : drawIndex;

	const indirectId = getIndirectIndex( batchMesh._indirectTexture, int( batchingIdNode ) );

	const matricesTexture = batchMesh._matricesTexture;

	const size = int( textureSize( textureLoad( matricesTexture ), 0 ).x ).toConst();
	const j = float( indirectId ).mul( 4 ).toInt().toConst();

	const x = j.mod( size ).toConst();
	const y = j.div( size ).toConst();
	const batchingMatrix = mat4(
		textureLoad( matricesTexture, ivec2( x, y ) ),
		textureLoad( matricesTexture, ivec2( x.add( 1 ), y ) ),
		textureLoad( matricesTexture, ivec2( x.add( 2 ), y ) ),
		textureLoad( matricesTexture, ivec2( x.add( 3 ), y ) )
	);

	const colorsTexture = batchMesh._colorsTexture;

	if ( colorsTexture !== null ) {

		const color = getBatchingColor( colorsTexture, indirectId );

		batchColor.assign( color );

	}

	const bm = mat3( batchingMatrix );

	positionLocal.assign( batchingMatrix.mul( positionLocal ) );

	const transformedNormal = normalLocal.div( vec3( bm[ 0 ].dot( bm[ 0 ] ), bm[ 1 ].dot( bm[ 1 ] ), bm[ 2 ].dot( bm[ 2 ] ) ) );

	const batchingNormal = bm.mul( transformedNormal ).xyz;

	normalLocal.assign( batchingNormal );

	if ( builder.hasGeometryAttribute( 'tangent' ) ) {

		tangentLocal.mulAssign( bm );

	}

}, 'void' );

const _skeletonsUpdated = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();
const _previousBoneMatricesData = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * Computes the skinned position by applying bone matrices based on weights.
 *
 * @param {Node} boneMatrices - The bone matrices buffer or storage node.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} position - The vertex position to transform.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} bindMatrix - The bind matrix node.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} bindMatrixInverse - The inverse bind matrix node.
 * @param {Node<uvec4>} skinIndex - The skin index attribute.
 * @param {Node<vec4>} skinWeight - The skin weight attribute.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The skinned position.
 */
function getSkinnedPosition( boneMatrices, position, bindMatrix, bindMatrixInverse, skinIndex, skinWeight ) {

	const boneMatX = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.x );
	const boneMatY = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.y );
	const boneMatZ = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.z );
	const boneMatW = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.w );

	// POSITION

	const skinVertex = bindMatrix.mul( position );

	const skinned = add(
		boneMatX.mul( skinWeight.x ).mul( skinVertex ),
		boneMatY.mul( skinWeight.y ).mul( skinVertex ),
		boneMatZ.mul( skinWeight.z ).mul( skinVertex ),
		boneMatW.mul( skinWeight.w ).mul( skinVertex )
	);

	return bindMatrixInverse.mul( skinned ).xyz;

}

/**
 * Computes the skinned normal and tangent vectors by applying bone matrices based on weights.
 *
 * @param {Node} boneMatrices - The bone matrices buffer or storage node.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} normal - The normal vector in local space.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} tangent - The tangent vector in local space.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} bindMatrix - The bind matrix node.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} bindMatrixInverse - The inverse bind matrix node.
 * @param {Node<uvec4>} skinIndex - The skin index attribute.
 * @param {Node<vec4>} skinWeight - The skin weight attribute.
 * @returns {{skinNormal: Node<vec3>, skinTangent: Node<vec3>}} The skinned normal and tangent.
 */
function getSkinnedNormalAndTangent( boneMatrices, normal, tangent, bindMatrix, bindMatrixInverse, skinIndex, skinWeight ) {

	const boneMatX = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.x );
	const boneMatY = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.y );
	const boneMatZ = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.z );
	const boneMatW = boneMatrices.element( skinIndex.w );

	// NORMAL and TANGENT

	let skinMatrix = add(
		skinWeight.x.mul( boneMatX ),
		skinWeight.y.mul( boneMatY ),
		skinWeight.z.mul( boneMatZ ),
		skinWeight.w.mul( boneMatW )
	);

	skinMatrix = bindMatrixInverse.mul( skinMatrix ).mul( bindMatrix );

	const skinMatrix3 = mat3( skinMatrix );

	const skinNormal = skinMatrix3.mul( normal );
	const skinTangent = skinMatrix3.mul( tangent );

	return { skinNormal, skinTangent };

}

/**
 * Retrieves or initializes the previous frame skinned position node for motion vectors.
 * Uses a WeakMap to cache previous frame bone matrix arrays and their TSL buffer nodes.
 *
 * @param {SkinnedMesh} skinnedMesh - The skinned mesh.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} bindMatrixNode - The bind matrix node.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} bindMatrixInverseNode - The inverse bind matrix node.
 * @param {Node<uvec4>} skinIndexNode - The skin index attribute.
 * @param {Node<vec4>} skinWeightNode - The skin weight attribute.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The skinned position from the previous frame.
 */
function getPreviousSkinnedPosition( skinnedMesh, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode ) {

	const skeleton = skinnedMesh.skeleton;

	let data = _previousBoneMatricesData.get( skeleton );

	if ( data === undefined ) {

		skeleton.update();

		const previousBoneMatrices = new Float32Array( skeleton.boneMatrices );

		data = {
			previousBoneMatrices,
			node: buffer( previousBoneMatrices, 'mat4', skeleton.bones.length )
		};

		_previousBoneMatricesData.set( skeleton, data );

	}

	return getSkinnedPosition( data.node, positionPrevious, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode );

}

/**
 * TSL function representing the standard skeletal animation vertex shader setup.
 * Transforms positionLocal, normalLocal, and tangentLocal in-place.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {SkinnedMesh} skinnedMesh - The skinned mesh.
 */
const skinning = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ skinnedMesh ], builder ) => {

	const skinIndexNode = attribute( 'skinIndex', 'uvec4' );
	const skinWeightNode = attribute( 'skinWeight', 'vec4' );
	const bindMatrixNode = reference( 'bindMatrix', 'mat4' );
	const bindMatrixInverseNode = reference( 'bindMatrixInverse', 'mat4' );
	const boneMatricesNode = referenceBuffer( 'skeleton.boneMatrices', 'mat4', skinnedMesh.skeleton.bones.length );

	OnObjectUpdate( ( { object, frameId } ) => {

		const skeleton = object.skeleton;

		if ( _skeletonsUpdated.get( skeleton ) !== frameId ) {

			_skeletonsUpdated.set( skeleton, frameId );

			const skeletonData = _previousBoneMatricesData.get( skeleton );

			if ( skeletonData !== undefined ) {

				skeletonData.previousBoneMatrices.set( skeleton.boneMatrices );

			}

			skeleton.update();

		}

	} );

	if ( builder.needsPreviousData() ) {

		const previousSkinnedPosition = getPreviousSkinnedPosition( skinnedMesh, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode );

		positionPrevious.assign( previousSkinnedPosition );

	}

	const skinPosition = getSkinnedPosition( boneMatricesNode, positionLocal, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode );
	positionLocal.assign( skinPosition );

	if ( builder.hasGeometryAttribute( 'normal' ) ) {

		const { skinNormal, skinTangent } = getSkinnedNormalAndTangent( boneMatricesNode, normalLocal, tangentLocal, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode );

		normalLocal.assign( skinNormal );

		if ( builder.hasGeometryAttribute( 'tangent' ) ) {

			tangentLocal.assign( skinTangent );

		}

	}

}, 'void' );

/**
 * TSL function that computes skeletal animation for custom compute passes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {SkinnedMesh} skinnedMesh - The skinned mesh.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} [toPosition=null] - The target position node to assign.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The computed skinned position node.
 */
const computeSkinning = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ skinnedMesh, toPosition = null ], builder ) => {

	const positionNode = storage( new InstancedBufferAttribute( skinnedMesh.geometry.getAttribute( 'position' ).array, 3 ), 'vec3' ).setPBO( true ).toReadOnly().element( instanceIndex ).toVar();
	const skinIndexNode = storage( new InstancedBufferAttribute( new Uint32Array( skinnedMesh.geometry.getAttribute( 'skinIndex' ).array ), 4 ), 'uvec4' ).setPBO( true ).toReadOnly().element( instanceIndex ).toVar();
	const skinWeightNode = storage( new InstancedBufferAttribute( skinnedMesh.geometry.getAttribute( 'skinWeight' ).array, 4 ), 'vec4' ).setPBO( true ).toReadOnly().element( instanceIndex ).toVar();
	const bindMatrixNode = uniform( skinnedMesh.bindMatrix, 'mat4' );
	const bindMatrixInverseNode = uniform( skinnedMesh.bindMatrixInverse, 'mat4' );
	const boneMatricesNode = buffer( skinnedMesh.skeleton.boneMatrices, 'mat4', skinnedMesh.skeleton.bones.length );

	const skeleton = skinnedMesh.skeleton;

	OnObjectUpdate( ( { frameId } ) => {

		if ( _skeletonsUpdated.get( skeleton ) !== frameId ) {

			_skeletonsUpdated.set( skeleton, frameId );

			const state = _previousBoneMatricesData.get( skeleton );

			if ( state !== undefined ) {

				state.previousBoneMatrices.set( skeleton.boneMatrices );

			}

			skeleton.update();

		}

	} );

	if ( builder.needsPreviousData() ) {

		const previousSkinnedPosition = getPreviousSkinnedPosition( skinnedMesh, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode );

		positionPrevious.assign( previousSkinnedPosition );

	}

	const skinPosition = getSkinnedPosition( boneMatricesNode, positionNode, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode );

	if ( toPosition !== null ) {

		toPosition.assign( skinPosition );

	}

	if ( builder.hasGeometryAttribute( 'normal' ) ) {

		const { skinNormal, skinTangent } = getSkinnedNormalAndTangent( boneMatricesNode, normalLocal, tangentLocal, bindMatrixNode, bindMatrixInverseNode, skinIndexNode, skinWeightNode );

		normalLocal.assign( skinNormal );

		if ( builder.hasGeometryAttribute( 'tangent' ) ) {

			tangentLocal.assign( skinTangent );

		}

	}

	return skinPosition;

} );

/**
 * This module offers a variety of ways to implement loops in TSL. In it's basic form it's:
 * ```js
 * Loop( count, ( { i } ) => {
 *
 * } );
 * ```
 * However, it is also possible to define a start and end ranges, data types and loop conditions:
 * ```js
 * Loop( { start: int( 0 ), end: int( 10 ), type: 'int', condition: '<' }, ( { i } ) => {
 *
 * } );
 *```
 * Nested loops can be defined in a compacted form:
 * ```js
 * Loop( 10, 5, ( { i, j } ) => {
 *
 * } );
 * ```
 * Loops that should run backwards can be defined like so:
 * ```js
 * Loop( { start: 10 }, () => {} );
 * ```
 * It is possible to execute with boolean values, similar to the `while` syntax.
 * ```js
 * const value = float( 0 ).toVar();
 *
 * Loop( value.lessThan( 10 ), () => {
 *
 * 	value.addAssign( 1 );
 *
 * } );
 * ```
 * The module also provides `Break()` and `Continue()` TSL expression for loop control.
 * @augments Node
 */
class LoopNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'LoopNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new loop node.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<any>} params - Depending on the loop type, array holds different parameterization values for the loop.
	 */
	constructor( params = [] ) {

		super( 'void' );

		this.params = params;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a loop variable name based on an index. The pattern is
	 * `0` = `i`, `1`= `j`, `2`= `k` and so on.
	 *
	 * @param {number} index - The index.
	 * @return {string} The loop variable name.
	 */
	getVarName( index ) {

		return String.fromCharCode( 'i'.charCodeAt( 0 ) + index );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns properties about this node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Object} The node properties.
	 */
	getProperties( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		if ( properties.stackNode !== undefined ) return properties;

		//

		const inputs = {};

		for ( let i = 0, l = this.params.length - 1; i < l; i ++ ) {

			const param = this.params[ i ];

			const name = ( param.isNode !== true && param.name ) || this.getVarName( i );
			const type = ( param.isNode !== true && param.type ) || 'int';

			inputs[ name ] = expression( name, type );

		}

		const stack = builder.addStack();

		const fnCall = this.params[ this.params.length - 1 ]( inputs );

		properties.returnsNode = fnCall.context( { nodeLoop: fnCall } );
		properties.stackNode = stack;

		const baseParam = this.params[ 0 ];

		if ( baseParam.isNode !== true && typeof baseParam.update === 'function' ) {

			const fnUpdateCall = Fn( this.params[ 0 ].update )( inputs );

			properties.updateNode = fnUpdateCall.context( { nodeLoop: fnUpdateCall } );

		}

		builder.removeStack();

		return properties;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		// setup properties

		this.getProperties( builder );

		if ( builder.fnCall ) {

			const shaderNodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( builder.fnCall.shaderNode );
			shaderNodeData.hasLoop = true;

		}

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const properties = this.getProperties( builder );

		const params = this.params;
		const stackNode = properties.stackNode;

		for ( let i = 0, l = params.length - 1; i < l; i ++ ) {

			const param = params[ i ];

			let isWhile = false, start = null, end = null, name = null, type = null, condition = null, update = null;

			if ( param.isNode ) {

				if ( param.getNodeType( builder ) === 'bool' ) {

					isWhile = true;
					type = 'bool';
					end = param.build( builder, type );

				} else {

					type = 'int';
					name = this.getVarName( i );
					start = '0';
					end = param.build( builder, type );
					condition = '<';

				}

			} else {

				type = param.type || 'int';
				name = param.name || this.getVarName( i );
				start = param.start;
				end = param.end;
				condition = param.condition;
				update = param.update;

				if ( typeof start === 'number' ) start = builder.generateConst( type, start );
				else if ( start && start.isNode ) start = start.build( builder, type );

				if ( typeof end === 'number' ) end = builder.generateConst( type, end );
				else if ( end && end.isNode ) end = end.build( builder, type );

				if ( start !== undefined && end === undefined ) {

					start = start + ' - 1';
					end = '0';
					condition = '>=';

				} else if ( end !== undefined && start === undefined ) {

					start = '0';
					condition = '<';

				}

				if ( condition === undefined ) {

					if ( Number( start ) > Number( end ) ) {

						condition = '>=';

					} else {

						condition = '<';

					}

				}

			}

			let loopSnippet;

			if ( isWhile ) {

				loopSnippet = `while ( ${ end } )`;

			} else {

				const internalParam = { start, end};

				//

				const startSnippet = internalParam.start;
				const endSnippet = internalParam.end;

				let updateSnippet;

				const deltaOperator = () => condition.includes( '<' ) ? '+=' : '-=';

				if ( update !== undefined && update !== null ) {

					switch ( typeof update ) {

						case 'function':

							const flow = builder.flowStagesNode( properties.updateNode, 'void' );
							const snippet = flow.code.replace( /\t|;/g, '' );

							updateSnippet = snippet;

							break;

						case 'number':

							updateSnippet = name + ' ' + deltaOperator() + ' ' + builder.generateConst( type, update );

							break;

						case 'string':

							updateSnippet = name + ' ' + update;

							break;

						default:

							if ( update.isNode ) {

								updateSnippet = name + ' ' + deltaOperator() + ' ' + update.build( builder );

							} else {

								error( 'TSL: \'Loop( { update: ... } )\' is not a function, string or number.', this.stackTrace );

								updateSnippet = 'break /* invalid update */';

							}

					}

				} else {

					if ( type === 'int' || type === 'uint' ) {

						update = condition.includes( '<' ) ? '++' : '--';

					} else {

						update = deltaOperator() + ' 1.';

					}

					updateSnippet = name + ' ' + update;

				}

				const declarationSnippet = builder.getVar( type, name ) + ' = ' + startSnippet;
				const conditionalSnippet = name + ' ' + condition + ' ' + endSnippet;

				loopSnippet = `for ( ${ declarationSnippet }; ${ conditionalSnippet }; ${ updateSnippet } )`;

			}

			builder.addFlowCode( ( i === 0 ? '\n' : '' ) + builder.tab + loopSnippet + ' {\n\n' ).addFlowTab();

		}

		const stackSnippet = stackNode.build( builder, 'void' );

		properties.returnsNode.build( builder, 'void' );

		builder.removeFlowTab().addFlowCode( '\n' + builder.tab + stackSnippet );

		for ( let i = 0, l = this.params.length - 1; i < l; i ++ ) {

			builder.addFlowCode( ( i === 0 ? '' : builder.tab ) + '}\n\n' ).removeFlowTab();

		}

		builder.addFlowTab();

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a loop node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...any} params - A list of parameters.
 * @returns {LoopNode}
 */
const Loop = ( ...params ) => new LoopNode( nodeArray( params, 'int' ) ).toStack();

/**
 * TSL function for creating a `Continue()` expression.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {ExpressionNode}
 */
const Continue = () => expression( 'continue' ).toStack();

/**
 * TSL function for creating a `Break()` expression.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {ExpressionNode}
 */
const Break = () => expression( 'break' ).toStack();

const _morphTextures = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();
const _morphVec4 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector4();
const _morphInfluencesData = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * TSL function that retrieves and scales the morphed attribute (position or normal) texel value.
 *
 * @param {Object} params - The parameter object.
 * @param {Node<texture>} params.bufferMap - The morph target data array texture.
 * @param {Node<float>} params.influence - The target's animation influence weight.
 * @param {number} params.stride - The vertex data stride (e.g. 1 or 2).
 * @param {Node<int>} params.width - The texture width limit.
 * @param {Node<int>} params.depth - The target layer index (morph target index).
 * @param {Node<int>} params.offset - The texture offset (e.g. 0 for position, 1 for normal).
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The scaled morph target translation value.
 */
const getMorph = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { bufferMap, influence, stride, width, depth, offset } ) => {

	const texelIndex = int( vertexIndex ).mul( stride ).add( offset );

	const y = texelIndex.div( width );
	const x = texelIndex.sub( y.mul( width ) );

	const bufferAttrib = textureLoad( bufferMap, ivec2( x, y ) ).depth( depth ).xyz;

	return bufferAttrib.mul( influence );

} );

/**
 * Resolves or creates a compiled DataArrayTexture containing encoded vertex morph targets data for WebGL2/WebGPU.
 *
 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry to parse.
 * @returns {Object} The resolved morph targets texture data mapping entry.
 */
function getEntry( geometry ) {

	const hasMorphPosition = geometry.morphAttributes.position !== undefined;
	const hasMorphNormals = geometry.morphAttributes.normal !== undefined;
	const hasMorphColors = geometry.morphAttributes.color !== undefined;

	// instead of using attributes, the WebGL 2 code path encodes morph targets
	// into an array of data textures. Each layer represents a single morph target.

	const morphAttribute = geometry.morphAttributes.position || geometry.morphAttributes.normal || geometry.morphAttributes.color;
	const morphTargetsCount = ( morphAttribute !== undefined ) ? morphAttribute.length : 0;

	let entry = _morphTextures.get( geometry );

	if ( entry === undefined || entry.count !== morphTargetsCount ) {

		if ( entry !== undefined ) entry.texture.dispose();

		const morphTargets = geometry.morphAttributes.position || [];
		const morphNormals = geometry.morphAttributes.normal || [];
		const morphColors = geometry.morphAttributes.color || [];

		let vertexDataCount = 0;

		if ( hasMorphPosition === true ) vertexDataCount = 1;
		if ( hasMorphNormals === true ) vertexDataCount = 2;
		if ( hasMorphColors === true ) vertexDataCount = 3;

		let width = geometry.attributes.position.count * vertexDataCount;
		let height = 1;

		const maxTextureSize = 4096; // @TODO: Use 'capabilities.maxTextureSize'

		if ( width > maxTextureSize ) {

			height = Math.ceil( width / maxTextureSize );
			width = maxTextureSize;

		}

		const buffer = new Float32Array( width * height * 4 * morphTargetsCount );

		const bufferTexture = new DataArrayTexture( buffer, width, height, morphTargetsCount );
		bufferTexture.type = FloatType;
		bufferTexture.needsUpdate = true;

		// fill buffer

		const vertexDataStride = vertexDataCount * 4;

		for ( let i = 0; i < morphTargetsCount; i ++ ) {

			const morphTarget = morphTargets[ i ];
			const morphNormal = morphNormals[ i ];
			const morphColor = morphColors[ i ];

			const offset = width * height * 4 * i;

			for ( let j = 0; j < morphTarget.count; j ++ ) {

				const stride = j * vertexDataStride;

				if ( hasMorphPosition === true ) {

					_morphVec4.fromBufferAttribute( morphTarget, j );

					buffer[ offset + stride + 0 ] = _morphVec4.x;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 1 ] = _morphVec4.y;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 2 ] = _morphVec4.z;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 3 ] = 0;

				}

				if ( hasMorphNormals === true ) {

					_morphVec4.fromBufferAttribute( morphNormal, j );

					buffer[ offset + stride + 4 ] = _morphVec4.x;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 5 ] = _morphVec4.y;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 6 ] = _morphVec4.z;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 7 ] = 0;

				}

				if ( hasMorphColors === true ) {

					_morphVec4.fromBufferAttribute( morphColor, j );

					buffer[ offset + stride + 8 ] = _morphVec4.x;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 9 ] = _morphVec4.y;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 10 ] = _morphVec4.z;
					buffer[ offset + stride + 11 ] = ( morphColor.itemSize === 4 ) ? _morphVec4.w : 1;

				}

			}

		}

		entry = {
			count: morphTargetsCount,
			texture: bufferTexture,
			stride: vertexDataCount,
			size: new Vector2( width, height )
		};

		_morphTextures.set( geometry, entry );

		function disposeTexture() {

			bufferTexture.dispose();

			_morphTextures.delete( geometry );

			geometry.removeEventListener( 'dispose', disposeTexture );

		}

		geometry.addEventListener( 'dispose', disposeTexture );

	}

	return entry;

}

/**
 * TSL function representing the vertex shader morph targets blend setup.
 * Dynamically computes morph targets weights and updates positionLocal and normalLocal in-place.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Mesh} mesh - The mesh.
 */
const morphReference = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ mesh ] ) => {

	const { geometry } = mesh;

	const hasMorphPosition = geometry.morphAttributes.position !== undefined;
	const hasMorphNormals = geometry.hasAttribute( 'normal' ) && geometry.morphAttributes.normal !== undefined;

	const morphAttribute = geometry.morphAttributes.position || geometry.morphAttributes.normal || geometry.morphAttributes.color;
	const morphTargetsCount = ( morphAttribute !== undefined ) ? morphAttribute.length : 0;

	if ( morphTargetsCount === 0 ) return;

	// Init

	let morphInfluenceData = _morphInfluencesData.get( mesh );

	if ( morphInfluenceData === undefined || morphInfluenceData.count !== morphTargetsCount ) {

		morphInfluenceData = {
			base: uniform( 1 ),
			influences: mesh.morphTargetInfluences ? uniformArray( mesh.morphTargetInfluences, 'float' ) : null,
			count: morphTargetsCount
		};

		_morphInfluencesData.set( mesh, morphInfluenceData );

	}

	const { base, influences } = morphInfluenceData;

	// Shader

	const { texture: bufferMap, stride, size } = getEntry( geometry );

	if ( hasMorphPosition === true ) positionLocal.mulAssign( base );
	if ( hasMorphNormals === true ) normalLocal.mulAssign( base );

	const width = int( size.width );

	Loop( morphTargetsCount, ( { i } ) => {

		const influence = float( 0 ).toVar();

		if ( mesh.count > 1 && ( mesh.morphTexture !== null && mesh.morphTexture !== undefined ) ) {

			influence.assign( textureLoad( mesh.morphTexture, ivec2( int( i ).add( 1 ), int( instanceIndex ) ) ).r );

		} else {

			influence.assign( influences.element( i ).toVar() );

		}

		If( influence.notEqual( 0 ), () => {

			if ( hasMorphPosition === true ) {

				positionLocal.addAssign( getMorph( {
					bufferMap,
					influence,
					stride,
					width,
					depth: i,
					offset: int( 0 )
				} ) );

			}

			if ( hasMorphNormals === true ) {

				normalLocal.addAssign( getMorph( {
					bufferMap,
					influence,
					stride,
					width,
					depth: i,
					offset: int( 1 )
				} ) );

			}

		} );

	} );

	// Update

	OnObjectUpdate( ( { object } ) => {

		const { base, influences } = morphInfluenceData;

		if ( object.geometry.morphTargetsRelative ) {

			base.value = 1;

		} else {

			base.value = 1 - object.morphTargetInfluences.reduce( ( a, b ) => a + b, 0 );

		}

		if ( influences ) {

			influences.array = object.morphTargetInfluences;
			influences.update();

		}

	} );

}, 'void' );

/**
 * Base class for lighting nodes.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class LightingNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'LightingNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new lighting node.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super( 'vec3' );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isLightingNode = true;

	}

}

/**
 * A generic class that can be used by nodes which contribute
 * ambient occlusion to the scene. E.g. an ambient occlusion map
 * node can be used as input for this module. Used in {@link NodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments LightingNode
 */
class AONode extends LightingNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'AONode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new AO node.
	 *
	 * @param {?Node<float>} [aoNode=null] - The ambient occlusion node.
	 */
	constructor( aoNode = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The ambient occlusion node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.aoNode = aoNode;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		builder.context.ambientOcclusion.mulAssign( this.aoNode );

	}

}

/**
 * `LightingContextNode` represents an extension of the {@link ContextNode} module
 * by adding lighting specific context data. It represents the runtime context of
 * {@link LightsNode}.
 *
 * @augments ContextNode
 */
class LightingContextNode extends ContextNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'LightingContextNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new lighting context node.
	 *
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The lights node.
	 * @param {?LightingModel} [lightingModel=null] - The current lighting model.
	 * @param {?Array<LightingNode>} materialLightings - The material lightings nodes.
	 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [backdropNode=null] - A backdrop node.
	 * @param {?Node<float>} [backdropAlphaNode=null] - A backdrop alpha node.
	 */
	constructor( lightsNode, lightingModel = null, materialLightings = [], backdropNode = null, backdropAlphaNode = null ) {

		super( lightsNode );

		/**
		 * The current lighting model.
		 *
		 * @type {?LightingModel}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.lightingModel = lightingModel;

		/**
		 * @type {?Array<LightingNode>}
		 * @default []
		 */
		this.materialLightings = materialLightings;

		/**
		 * A backdrop node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.backdropNode = backdropNode;

		/**
		 * A backdrop alpha node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.backdropAlphaNode = backdropAlphaNode;

		this._value = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a lighting context object.
	 *
	 * @return {{
	 * radiance: Node<vec3>,
	 * irradiance: Node<vec3>,
	 * iblIrradiance: Node<vec3>,
	 * ambientOcclusion: Node<float>,
	 * reflectedLight: {directDiffuse: Node<vec3>, directSpecular: Node<vec3>, indirectDiffuse: Node<vec3>, indirectSpecular: Node<vec3>},
	 * backdrop: Node<vec3>,
	 * backdropAlpha: Node<float>
	 * }} The lighting context object.
	 */
	getContext() {

		const { materialLightings, backdropNode, backdropAlphaNode } = this;

		const directDiffuse = vec3().toVar( 'directDiffuse' ),
			directSpecular = vec3().toVar( 'directSpecular' ),
			indirectDiffuse = vec3().toVar( 'indirectDiffuse' ),
			indirectSpecular = vec3().toVar( 'indirectSpecular' );

		const reflectedLight = {
			directDiffuse,
			directSpecular,
			indirectDiffuse,
			indirectSpecular
		};

		const context = {
			radiance: vec3().toVar( 'radiance' ),
			irradiance: vec3().toVar( 'irradiance' ),
			iblIrradiance: vec3().toVar( 'iblIrradiance' ),
			ambientOcclusion: float( 1 ).toVar( 'ambientOcclusion' ),
			reflectedLight,
			materialLightings,
			backdrop: backdropNode,
			backdropAlpha: backdropAlphaNode
		};

		return context;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		this.value = this._value || ( this._value = this.getContext() );
		this.value.lightingModel = this.lightingModel || builder.context.lightingModel;

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

}

const lightingContext = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( LightingContextNode );

/**
 * A generic class that can be used by nodes which contribute
 * irradiance to the scene. E.g. a light map node can be used
 * as input for this module. Used in {@link NodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments LightingNode
 */
class IrradianceNode extends LightingNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'IrradianceNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new irradiance node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} node - A node contributing irradiance.
	 */
	constructor( node ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * A node contributing irradiance.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec3>}
		 */
		this.node = node;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		builder.context.irradiance.addAssign( this.node );

	}

}

const _size$5 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector2();

/**
 * A special type of texture node which represents the data of the current viewport
 * as a texture. The module extracts data from the current bound framebuffer with
 * a copy operation so no extra render pass is required to produce the texture data
 * (which is good for performance). `ViewportTextureNode` can be used as an input for a
 * variety of effects like refractive or transmissive materials.
 *
 * @augments TextureNode
 */
class ViewportTextureNode extends TextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ViewportTextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new viewport texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} [uvNode=screenUV] - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
	 * @param {?Texture} [framebufferTexture=null] - A framebuffer texture holding the viewport data. If not provided, a framebuffer texture is created automatically.
	 */
	constructor( uvNode = screenUV, levelNode = null, framebufferTexture = null ) {

		let defaultFramebuffer = null;

		if ( framebufferTexture === null ) {

			defaultFramebuffer = new FramebufferTexture();
			defaultFramebuffer.minFilter = LinearMipmapLinearFilter;

			framebufferTexture = defaultFramebuffer;

		} else {

			defaultFramebuffer = framebufferTexture;

		}

		super( framebufferTexture, uvNode, levelNode );

		/**
		 * Whether to generate mipmaps or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.generateMipmaps = false;

		/**
		 * The reference framebuffer texture. This is used to store the framebuffer texture
		 * for the current render target. If the render target changes, a new framebuffer texture
		 * is created automatically.
		 *
		 * @type {FramebufferTexture}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.defaultFramebuffer = defaultFramebuffer;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isOutputTextureNode = true;

		/**
		 * The `updateBeforeType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.RENDER` since the node should extract
		 * the current contents of the bound framebuffer for each render call.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

		/**
		 * The framebuffer texture for the current renderer context.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<RenderTarget, FramebufferTexture>}
		 * @private
		 */
		this._cacheTextures = new WeakMap();

	}

	/**
	 * This methods returns a texture for the given render target or canvas target reference.
	 *
	 * To avoid rendering errors, `ViewportTextureNode` must use unique framebuffer textures
	 * for different render contexts.
	 *
	 * @param {?(RenderTarget|CanvasTarget)} [reference=null] - The render target or canvas target reference.
	 * @return {Texture} The framebuffer texture.
	 */
	getTextureForReference( reference = null ) {

		let defaultFramebuffer;
		let cacheTextures;

		if ( this.referenceNode ) {

			defaultFramebuffer = this.referenceNode.defaultFramebuffer;
			cacheTextures = this.referenceNode._cacheTextures;

		} else {

			defaultFramebuffer = this.defaultFramebuffer;
			cacheTextures = this._cacheTextures;

		}

		if ( reference === null ) {

			return defaultFramebuffer;

		}

		if ( cacheTextures.has( reference ) === false ) {

			const framebufferTexture = defaultFramebuffer.clone();

			cacheTextures.set( reference, framebufferTexture );

		}

		return cacheTextures.get( reference );

	}

	updateReference( frame ) {

		const renderer = frame.renderer;
		const renderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();
		const canvasTarget = renderer.getCanvasTarget();

		const reference = renderTarget ? renderTarget : canvasTarget;

		this.value = this.getTextureForReference( reference );

		return this.value;

	}

	updateBefore( frame ) {

		const renderer = frame.renderer;
		const renderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();
		const canvasTarget = renderer.getCanvasTarget();

		const reference = renderTarget ? renderTarget : canvasTarget;

		if ( reference === null ) {

			renderer.getDrawingBufferSize( _size$5 );

		} else if ( reference.getDrawingBufferSize ) {

			reference.getDrawingBufferSize( _size$5 );

		} else {

			_size$5.set( reference.width, reference.height );

		}

		//

		const framebufferTexture = this.getTextureForReference( reference );

		if ( framebufferTexture.image.width !== _size$5.width || framebufferTexture.image.height !== _size$5.height ) {

			framebufferTexture.image.width = _size$5.width;
			framebufferTexture.image.height = _size$5.height;
			framebufferTexture.needsUpdate = true;

		}

		//

		const currentGenerateMipmaps = framebufferTexture.generateMipmaps;
		framebufferTexture.generateMipmaps = this.generateMipmaps;

		renderer.copyFramebufferToTexture( framebufferTexture );

		framebufferTexture.generateMipmaps = currentGenerateMipmaps;

	}

	clone() {

		const viewportTextureNode = new this.constructor( this.uvNode, this.levelNode, this.value );
		viewportTextureNode.generateMipmaps = this.generateMipmaps;

		return viewportTextureNode;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a viewport texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node} [uvNode=screenUV] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Texture} [framebufferTexture=null] - A framebuffer texture holding the viewport data. If not provided, a framebuffer texture is created automatically.
 * @returns {ViewportTextureNode}
 */
const viewportTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ViewportTextureNode ).setParameterLength( 0, 3 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a viewport texture node with enabled mipmap generation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node} [uvNode=screenUV] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Texture} [framebufferTexture=null] - A framebuffer texture holding the viewport data. If not provided, a framebuffer texture is created automatically.
 * @returns {ViewportTextureNode}
 */
const viewportMipTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ViewportTextureNode, null, null, { generateMipmaps: true } ).setParameterLength( 0, 3 );

// Singleton instances for common usage
const _singletonOpaqueViewportTextureNode = /*@__PURE__*/ viewportMipTexture();

/**
 * TSL function for creating a viewport texture node with enabled mipmap generation.
 * The texture should only contain the opaque rendering objects.
 *
 * This should be used just in transparent or transmissive materials.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node} [uv=screenUV] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [level=null] - The level node.
 * @returns {ViewportTextureNode}
 */
const viewportOpaqueMipTexture = ( uv = screenUV, level = null ) => _singletonOpaqueViewportTextureNode.sample( uv, level ); // TODO: Use once() when sample() supports it

let _sharedDepthbuffer = null;

/**
 * Represents the depth of the current viewport as a texture. This module
 * can be used in combination with viewport texture to achieve effects
 * that require depth evaluation.
 *
 * @augments ViewportTextureNode
 */
class ViewportDepthTextureNode extends ViewportTextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ViewportDepthTextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new viewport depth texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} [uvNode=screenUV] - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
	 * @param {?DepthTexture} [depthTexture=null] - A depth texture. If not provided, uses a shared depth texture.
	 */
	constructor( uvNode = screenUV, levelNode = null, depthTexture = null ) {

		if ( depthTexture === null ) {

			if ( _sharedDepthbuffer === null ) {

				_sharedDepthbuffer = new DepthTexture();

			}

			depthTexture = _sharedDepthbuffer;

		}

		super( uvNode, levelNode, depthTexture );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for a viewport depth texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node} [uvNode=screenUV] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?DepthTexture} [depthTexture=null] - A depth texture. If not provided, a depth texture is created automatically.
 * @returns {ViewportDepthTextureNode}
 */
const viewportDepthTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ViewportDepthTextureNode ).setParameterLength( 0, 3 );

/**
 * This node offers a collection of features in context of the depth logic in the fragment shader.
 * Depending on {@link ViewportDepthNode#scope}, it can be used to define a depth value for the current
 * fragment or for depth evaluation purposes.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ViewportDepthNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ViewportDepthNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new viewport depth node.
	 *
	 * @param {('depth'|'depthBase'|'linearDepth')} scope - The node's scope.
	 * @param {?Node} [valueNode=null] - The value node.
	 */
	constructor( scope, valueNode = null ) {

		super( 'float' );

		/**
		 * The node behaves differently depending on which scope is selected.
		 *
		 * - `ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH_BASE`: Allows to define a value for the current fragment's depth.
		 * - `ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH`: Represents the depth value for the current fragment (`valueNode` is ignored).
		 * - `ViewportDepthNode.LINEAR_DEPTH`: Represents the linear (orthographic) depth value of the current fragment.
		 * If a `valueNode` is set, the scope can be used to convert perspective depth data to linear data.
		 *
		 * @type {('depth'|'depthBase'|'linearDepth')}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

		/**
		 * Can be used to define a custom depth value.
		 * The property is ignored in the `ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH` scope.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.valueNode = valueNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isViewportDepthNode = true;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const { scope } = this;

		if ( scope === ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH_BASE ) {

			return builder.getFragDepth();

		}

		return super.generate( builder );

	}

	setup( { camera } ) {

		const { scope } = this;
		const value = this.valueNode;

		let node = null;

		if ( scope === ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH_BASE ) {

			if ( value !== null ) {

				node = depthBase().assign( value );

			}

		} else if ( scope === ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH ) {

			if ( camera.isPerspectiveCamera ) {

				node = viewZToPerspectiveDepth( positionView.z, cameraNear, cameraFar );

			} else {

				node = viewZToOrthographicDepth( positionView.z, cameraNear, cameraFar );

			}

		} else if ( scope === ViewportDepthNode.LINEAR_DEPTH ) {

			if ( value !== null ) {

				if ( camera.isPerspectiveCamera ) {

					const viewZ = perspectiveDepthToViewZ( value, cameraNear, cameraFar );

					node = viewZToOrthographicDepth( viewZ, cameraNear, cameraFar );

				} else {

					node = value;

				}

			} else {

				node = viewZToOrthographicDepth( positionView.z, cameraNear, cameraFar );

			}

		}

		return node;

	}

}

ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH_BASE = 'depthBase';
ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH = 'depth';
ViewportDepthNode.LINEAR_DEPTH = 'linearDepth';

// NOTE: viewZ, the z-coordinate in camera space, is negative for points in front of the camera

/**
 * TSL function for converting a viewZ value to an orthographic depth value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} viewZ - The viewZ node.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const viewZToOrthographicDepth = ( viewZ, near, far ) => viewZ.add( near ).div( near.sub( far ) );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a viewZ value to a reversed orthographic depth value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} viewZ - The viewZ node.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const viewZToReversedOrthographicDepth = ( viewZ, near, far ) => viewZ.add( far ).div( far.sub( near ) );

/**
 * TSL function for converting an orthographic depth value to a viewZ value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} depth - The orthographic depth.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const orthographicDepthToViewZ = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ depth, near, far ], builder ) => {

	if ( builder.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true ) {

		return far.sub( near ).mul( depth ).sub( far );

	} else {

		return near.sub( far ).mul( depth ).sub( near );

	}

} );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a viewZ value to a perspective depth value.
 *
 * Note: {link https://twitter.com/gonnavis/status/1377183786949959682}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} viewZ - The viewZ node.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const viewZToPerspectiveDepth = ( viewZ, near, far ) => near.add( viewZ ).mul( far ).div( far.sub( near ).mul( viewZ ) );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a viewZ value to a reversed perspective depth value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} viewZ - The viewZ node.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const viewZToReversedPerspectiveDepth = ( viewZ, near, far ) => near.mul( viewZ.add( far ) ).div( viewZ.mul( near.sub( far ) ) );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a perspective depth value to a viewZ value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} depth - The perspective depth.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const perspectiveDepthToViewZ = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ depth, near, far ], builder ) => {

	if ( builder.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true ) {

		return near.mul( far ).div( near.sub( far ).mul( depth ).sub( near ) );

	} else {

		return near.mul( far ).div( far.sub( near ).mul( depth ).sub( far ) );

	}

} );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a viewZ value to a logarithmic depth value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} viewZ - The viewZ node.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const viewZToLogarithmicDepth = ( viewZ, near, far ) => {

	// NOTE: viewZ must be negative--see explanation at the end of this comment block.
	// The final logarithmic depth formula used here is adapted from one described in an
	// article by Thatcher Ulrich (see http://tulrich.com/geekstuff/log_depth_buffer.txt),
	// which was an improvement upon an earlier formula one described in an
	// Outerra article (https://outerra.blogspot.com/2009/08/logarithmic-z-buffer.html).
	// Ulrich's formula is the following:
	//     z = K * log( w / cameraNear ) / log( cameraFar / cameraNear )
	//     where K = 2^k - 1, and k is the number of bits in the depth buffer.
	// The Outerra variant ignored the camera near plane (it assumed it was 0) and instead
	// opted for a "C-constant" for resolution adjustment of objects near the camera.
	// Outerra states: "Notice that the 'C' variant doesn’t use a near plane distance, it has it
	// set at 0" (quote from https://outerra.blogspot.com/2012/11/maximizing-depth-buffer-range-and.html).
	// Ulrich's variant has the benefit of constant relative precision over the whole near-far range.
	// It was debated here whether Outerra's "C-constant" or Ulrich's "near plane" variant should
	// be used, and ultimately Ulrich's "near plane" version was chosen.
	// Outerra eventually made another improvement to their original "C-constant" variant,
	// but it still does not incorporate the camera near plane (for this version,
	// see https://outerra.blogspot.com/2013/07/logarithmic-depth-buffer-optimizations.html).
	// Here we make 4 changes to Ulrich's formula:
	// 1. Clamp the camera near plane so we don't divide by 0.
	// 2. Use log2 instead of log to avoid an extra multiply (shaders implement log using log2).
	// 3. Assume K is 1 (K = maximum value in depth buffer; see Ulrich's formula above).
	// 4. To maintain consistency with the functions "viewZToOrthographicDepth" and "viewZToPerspectiveDepth",
	//    we modify the formula here to use 'viewZ' instead of 'w'. The other functions expect a negative viewZ,
	//    so we do the same here, hence the 'viewZ.negate()' call.
	// For visual representation of this depth curve, see https://www.desmos.com/calculator/uyqk0vex1u
	near = near.max( 1e-6 ).toVar();
	const numerator = log2( viewZ.negate().div( near ) );
	const denominator = log2( far.div( near ) );
	return numerator.div( denominator );

};

/**
 * TSL function for converting a logarithmic depth value to a viewZ value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} depth - The logarithmic depth.
 * @param {Node<float>} near - The camera's near value.
 * @param {Node<float>} far - The camera's far value.
 * @returns {Node<float>}
 */
const logarithmicDepthToViewZ = ( depth, near, far ) => {

	// NOTE: we add a 'negate()' call to the return value here to maintain consistency with
	// the functions "orthographicDepthToViewZ" and "perspectiveDepthToViewZ" (they return
	// a negative viewZ).
	const exponent = depth.mul( log( far.div( near ) ) );
	return float( Math.E ).pow( exponent ).mul( near ).negate();

};

/**
 * TSL function for defining a value for the current fragment's depth.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} value - The depth value to set.
 * @returns {ViewportDepthNode<float>}
 */
const depthBase = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ViewportDepthNode, ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH_BASE );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the depth value for the current fragment.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ViewportDepthNode}
 */
const depth = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( ViewportDepthNode, ViewportDepthNode.DEPTH );

/**
 * TSL function for converting a perspective depth value to linear depth.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node<float>} [value=null] - The perspective depth. If `null` is provided, the current fragment's depth is used.
 * @returns {ViewportDepthNode<float>}
 */
const linearDepth = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ViewportDepthNode, ViewportDepthNode.LINEAR_DEPTH ).setParameterLength( 0, 1 );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the linear (orthographic) depth value of the current fragment
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ViewportDepthNode}
 */
const viewportLinearDepth = /*@__PURE__*/ linearDepth( viewportDepthTexture() );

depth.assign = ( value ) => depthBase( value );

/**
 * This node is used in {@link NodeMaterial} to setup the clipping
 * which can happen hardware-accelerated (if supported) and optionally
 * use alpha-to-coverage for anti-aliasing clipped edges.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ClippingNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ClippingNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new clipping node.
	 *
	 * @param {('default'|'hardware'|'alphaToCoverage')} [scope='default'] - The node's scope. Similar to other nodes,
	 * the selected scope influences the behavior of the node and what type of code is generated.
	 */
	constructor( scope = ClippingNode.DEFAULT ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The node's scope. Similar to other nodes, the selected scope influences
		 * the behavior of the node and what type of code is generated.
		 *
		 * @type {('default'|'hardware'|'alphaToCoverage')}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the node depending on the selected scope.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node} The result node.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		super.setup( builder );

		const clippingContext = builder.clippingContext;
		const { intersectionPlanes, unionPlanes } = clippingContext;

		this.hardwareClipping = builder.hardwareClipping;

		if ( this.scope === ClippingNode.ALPHA_TO_COVERAGE ) {

			return this.setupAlphaToCoverage( intersectionPlanes, unionPlanes );

		} else if ( this.scope === ClippingNode.HARDWARE ) {

			return this.setupHardwareClipping( unionPlanes, builder );

		} else {

			return this.setupDefault( intersectionPlanes, unionPlanes );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Setups alpha to coverage.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Vector4>} intersectionPlanes - The intersection planes.
	 * @param {Array<Vector4>} unionPlanes - The union planes.
	 * @return {Node} The result node.
	 */
	setupAlphaToCoverage( intersectionPlanes, unionPlanes ) {

		return Fn( () => {

			const distanceToPlane = float().toVar( 'distanceToPlane' );
			const distanceGradient = float().toVar( 'distanceToGradient' );

			const clipOpacity = float( 1 ).toVar( 'clipOpacity' );

			const numUnionPlanes = unionPlanes.length;

			if ( this.hardwareClipping === false && numUnionPlanes > 0 ) {

				const clippingPlanes = uniformArray( unionPlanes ).setGroup( renderGroup );

				Loop( numUnionPlanes, ( { i } ) => {

					const plane = clippingPlanes.element( i );

					distanceToPlane.assign( positionView.dot( plane.xyz ).negate().add( plane.w ) );
					distanceGradient.assign( distanceToPlane.fwidth().div( 2.0 ) );

					clipOpacity.mulAssign( smoothstep( distanceGradient.negate(), distanceGradient, distanceToPlane ) );

				} );

			}

			const numIntersectionPlanes = intersectionPlanes.length;

			if ( numIntersectionPlanes > 0 ) {

				const clippingPlanes = uniformArray( intersectionPlanes ).setGroup( renderGroup );
				const intersectionClipOpacity = float( 1 ).toVar( 'intersectionClipOpacity' );

				Loop( numIntersectionPlanes, ( { i } ) => {

					const plane = clippingPlanes.element( i );

					distanceToPlane.assign( positionView.dot( plane.xyz ).negate().add( plane.w ) );
					distanceGradient.assign( distanceToPlane.fwidth().div( 2.0 ) );

					intersectionClipOpacity.mulAssign( smoothstep( distanceGradient.negate(), distanceGradient, distanceToPlane ).oneMinus() );

				} );

				clipOpacity.mulAssign( intersectionClipOpacity.oneMinus() );

			}

			diffuseColor.a.mulAssign( clipOpacity );

			diffuseColor.a.equal( 0.0 ).discard();

		} )();

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the default clipping.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Vector4>} intersectionPlanes - The intersection planes.
	 * @param {Array<Vector4>} unionPlanes - The union planes.
	 * @return {Node} The result node.
	 */
	setupDefault( intersectionPlanes, unionPlanes ) {

		return Fn( () => {

			const numUnionPlanes = unionPlanes.length;

			if ( this.hardwareClipping === false && numUnionPlanes > 0 ) {

				const clippingPlanes = uniformArray( unionPlanes ).setGroup( renderGroup );

				Loop( numUnionPlanes, ( { i } ) => {

					const plane = clippingPlanes.element( i );
					positionView.dot( plane.xyz ).greaterThan( plane.w ).discard();

				} );

			}

			const numIntersectionPlanes = intersectionPlanes.length;

			if ( numIntersectionPlanes > 0 ) {

				const clippingPlanes = uniformArray( intersectionPlanes ).setGroup( renderGroup );
				const clipped = bool( true ).toVar( 'clipped' );

				Loop( numIntersectionPlanes, ( { i } ) => {

					const plane = clippingPlanes.element( i );
					clipped.assign( positionView.dot( plane.xyz ).greaterThan( plane.w ).and( clipped ) );

				} );

				clipped.discard();

			}

		} )();

	}

	/**
	 * Setups hardware clipping.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Vector4>} unionPlanes - The union planes.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node} The result node.
	 */
	setupHardwareClipping( unionPlanes, builder ) {

		const numUnionPlanes = unionPlanes.length;

		builder.enableHardwareClipping( numUnionPlanes );

		return Fn( () => {

			const clippingPlanes = uniformArray( unionPlanes ).setGroup( renderGroup );
			const hw_clip_distances = builtin( builder.getClipDistance() );

			Loop( numUnionPlanes, ( { i } ) => {

				const plane = clippingPlanes.element( i );

				const distance = positionView.dot( plane.xyz ).sub( plane.w ).negate();
				hw_clip_distances.element( i ).assign( distance );

			} );

		} )();

	}

}

ClippingNode.ALPHA_TO_COVERAGE = 'alphaToCoverage';
ClippingNode.DEFAULT = 'default';
ClippingNode.HARDWARE = 'hardware';

/**
 * TSL function for setting up the default clipping logic.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {ClippingNode}
 */
const clipping = () => new ClippingNode();

/**
 * TSL function for setting up alpha to coverage.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {ClippingNode}
 */
const clippingAlpha = () => new ClippingNode( ClippingNode.ALPHA_TO_COVERAGE );

/**
 * TSL function for setting up hardware-based clipping.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {ClippingNode}
 */
const hardwareClipping = () => new ClippingNode( ClippingNode.HARDWARE );

// See: https://casual-effects.com/research/Wyman2017Hashed/index.html

const ALPHA_HASH_SCALE = 0.05; // Derived from trials only, and may be changed.

const hash2D = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ value ] ) => {

	return fract( mul( 1.0e4, sin( mul( 17.0, value.x ).add( mul( 0.1, value.y ) ) ) ).mul( add( 0.1, abs( sin( mul( 13.0, value.y ).add( value.x ) ) ) ) ) );

} );

const hash3D = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ value ] ) => {

	return hash2D( vec2( hash2D( value.xy ), value.z ) );

} );

const getAlphaHashThreshold = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ position ] ) => {

	// Find the discretized derivatives of our coordinates
	const maxDeriv = max$1(
		length( dFdx( position.xyz ) ),
		length( dFdy( position.xyz ) )
	);

	const pixScale = float( 1 ).div( float( ALPHA_HASH_SCALE ).mul( maxDeriv ) ).toVar( 'pixScale' );

	// Find two nearest log-discretized noise scales
	const pixScales = vec2(
		exp2( floor( log2( pixScale ) ) ),
		exp2( ceil( log2( pixScale ) ) )
	);

	// Compute alpha thresholds at our two noise scales
	const alpha = vec2(
		hash3D( floor( pixScales.x.mul( position.xyz ) ) ),
		hash3D( floor( pixScales.y.mul( position.xyz ) ) ),
	);

	// Factor to interpolate lerp with
	const lerpFactor = fract( log2( pixScale ) );

	// Interpolate alpha threshold from noise at two scales
	const x = add( mul( lerpFactor.oneMinus(), alpha.x ), mul( lerpFactor, alpha.y ) );

	// Pass into CDF to compute uniformly distrib threshold
	const a = min$1( lerpFactor, lerpFactor.oneMinus() );
	const cases = vec3(
		x.mul( x ).div( mul( 2.0, a ).mul( sub( 1.0, a ) ) ),
		x.sub( mul( 0.5, a ) ).div( sub( 1.0, a ) ),
		sub( 1.0, sub( 1.0, x ).mul( sub( 1.0, x ) ).div( mul( 2.0, a ).mul( sub( 1.0, a ) ) ) ) );

	// Find our final, uniformly distributed alpha threshold (ατ)
	const threshold = x.lessThan( a.oneMinus() ).select( x.lessThan( a ).select( cases.x, cases.y ), cases.z );

	// Avoids ατ == 0. Could also do ατ =1-ατ
	return clamp( threshold, 1.0e-6, 1.0 );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'getAlphaHashThreshold',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'position', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

/**
 * An attribute node for representing vertex colors.
 *
 * @augments AttributeNode
 */
class VertexColorNode extends AttributeNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'VertexColorNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new vertex color node.
	 *
	 * @param {number} index - The attribute index.
	 */
	constructor( index ) {

		super( null, 'vec4' );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isVertexColorNode = true;

		/**
		 * The attribute index to enable more than one sets of vertex colors.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.index = index;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation by honoring the attribute index.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The attribute name.
	 */
	getAttributeName( /*builder*/ ) {

		const index = this.index;

		return 'color' + ( index > 0 ? index : '' );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const attributeName = this.getAttributeName( builder );
		const geometryAttribute = builder.hasGeometryAttribute( attributeName );

		let result;

		if ( geometryAttribute === true ) {

			result = super.generate( builder );

		} else {

			// Vertex color fallback should be white
			result = builder.generateConst( this.nodeType, new Vector4( 1, 1, 1, 1 ) );

		}

		return result;

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.index = this.index;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.index = data.index;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a reference node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {number} [index=0] - The attribute index.
 * @returns {VertexColorNode}
 */
const vertexColor = ( index = 0 ) => new VertexColorNode( index );

/**
 * Base class for all node materials.
 *
 * @augments Material
 */
class NodeMaterial extends Material {

	static get type() {

		return 'NodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Represents the type of the node material.
	 *
	 * @type {string}
	 */
	get type() {

		return this.constructor.type;

	}

	set type( _value ) { /* */ }

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node material.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Whether this material is affected by fog or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.fog = true;

		/**
		 * Whether this material is affected by lights or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.lights = false;

		/**
		 * Node materials which set their `lights` property to `true`
		 * are affected by all lights of the scene. Sometimes selective
		 * lighting is wanted which means only _some_ lights in the scene
		 * affect a material. This can be achieved by creating an instance
		 * of {@link LightsNode} with a list of selective
		 * lights and assign the node to this property.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * const customLightsNode = lights( [ light1, light2 ] );
		 * material.lightsNode = customLightsNode;
		 * ```
		 *
		 * @type {?LightsNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.lightsNode = null;

		/**
		 * The environment of node materials can be defined by an environment
		 * map assigned to the `envMap` property or by `Scene.environment`
		 * if the node material is a PBR material. This node property allows to overwrite
		 * the default behavior and define the environment with a custom node.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * material.envNode = pmremTexture( renderTarget.texture );
		 * ```
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.envNode = null;

		/**
		 * The lighting of node materials might be influenced by ambient occlusion.
		 * The default AO is inferred from an ambient occlusion map assigned to `aoMap`
		 * and the respective `aoMapIntensity`. This node property allows to overwrite
		 * the default and define the ambient occlusion with a custom node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the diffuse color but modify the existing
		 * values instead, use {@link materialAO}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.aoNode = null;

		/**
		 * The diffuse color of node materials is by default inferred from the
		 * `color` and `map` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the diffuse color with a node instead.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * material.colorNode = color( 0xff0000 ); // define red color
		 * ```
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the diffuse color but modify the existing
		 * values instead, use {@link materialColor}.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * material.colorNode = materialColor.mul( color( 0xff0000 ) ); // give diffuse colors a red tint
		 * ```
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.colorNode = null;

		/**
		 * The normals of node materials are by default inferred from the `normalMap`/`normalScale`
		 * or `bumpMap`/`bumpScale` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the normals with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the normals but modify the existing values instead,
		 * use {@link materialNormal}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.normalNode = null;

		/**
		 * The opacity of node materials is by default inferred from the `opacity`
		 * and `alphaMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the opacity with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the opacity but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialOpacity}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.opacityNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node can be used to implement a variety of filter-like effects. The idea is
		 * to store the current rendering into a texture e.g. via `viewportSharedTexture()`, use it
		 * to create an arbitrary effect and then assign the node composition to this property.
		 * Everything behind the object using this material will now be affected by a filter.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * const material = new NodeMaterial()
		 * material.transparent = true;
		 *
		 * // everything behind the object will be monochromatic
		 * material.backdropNode = saturation( viewportSharedTexture().rgb, 0 );
		 * ```
		 *
		 * Backdrop computations are part of the lighting so only lit materials can use this property.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.backdropNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node allows to modulate the influence of `backdropNode` to the outgoing light.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.backdropAlphaNode = null;

		/**
		 * The alpha test of node materials is by default inferred from the `alphaTest`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default and define the
		 * alpha test with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the alpha test but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialAlphaTest}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.alphaTestNode = null;


		/**
		 * Discards the fragment if the mask value is `false`.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<bool>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.maskNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node can be used to implement a shadow mask for the material.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<bool>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.maskShadowNode = null;

		/**
		 * The local vertex positions are computed based on multiple factors like the
		 * attribute data, morphing or skinning. This node property allows to overwrite
		 * the default and define local vertex positions with nodes instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the vertex positions but modify the existing
		 * values instead, use {@link positionLocal}.
		 *
		 *```js
		 * material.positionNode = positionLocal.add( displace );
		 * ```
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.positionNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node property is intended for logic which modifies geometry data once or per animation step.
		 * Apps usually place such logic randomly in initialization routines or in the animation loop.
		 * `geometryNode` is intended as a dedicated API so there is an intended spot where geometry modifications
		 * can be implemented.
		 *
		 * The idea is to assign a `Fn` definition that holds the geometry modification logic. A typical example
		 * would be a GPU based particle system that provides a node material for usage on app level. The particle
		 * simulation would be implemented as compute shaders and managed inside a `Fn` function. This function is
		 * eventually assigned to `geometryNode`.
		 *
		 * @type {?Function}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.geometryNode = null;

		/**
		 * Allows to overwrite depth values in the fragment shader.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.depthNode = null;

		/**
		 * Allows to overwrite the position used for shadow map rendering which
		 * is by default {@link positionWorld}, the vertex position
		 * in world space.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.receivedShadowPositionNode = null;

		/**
		 * Allows to overwrite the geometry position used for shadow map projection which
		 * is by default {@link positionLocal}, the vertex position in local space.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.castShadowPositionNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node can be used to influence how an object using this node material
		 * receive shadows.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * const totalShadows = float( 1 ).toVar();
		 * material.receivedShadowNode = Fn( ( [ shadow ] ) => {
		 * 	totalShadows.mulAssign( shadow );
		 * 	//return float( 1 ); // bypass received shadows
		 * 	return shadow.mix( color( 0xff0000 ), 1 ); // modify shadow color
		 * } );
		 *
		 * @type {?(Function|FunctionNode<vec4>)}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.receivedShadowNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node can be used to influence how an object using this node material
		 * casts shadows. To apply a color to shadows, you can simply do:
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * material.castShadowNode = vec4( 1, 0, 0, 1 );
		 * ```
		 *
		 * Which can be nice to fake colored shadows of semi-transparent objects. It
		 * is also common to use the property with `Fn` function so checks are performed
		 * per fragment.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * materialCustomShadow.castShadowNode = Fn( () => {
		 * 	hash( vertexIndex ).greaterThan( 0.5 ).discard();
		 * 	return materialColor;
		 * } )();
		 *  ```
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.castShadowNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node can be used to define the final output of the material.
		 *
		 * TODO: Explain the differences to `fragmentNode`.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.outputNode = null;

		/**
		 * MRT configuration is done on renderer or pass level. This node allows to
		 * overwrite what values are written into MRT targets on material level. This
		 * can be useful for implementing selective FX features that should only affect
		 * specific objects.
		 *
		 * @type {?MRTNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.mrtNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node property can be used if you need complete freedom in implementing
		 * the fragment shader. Assigning a node will replace the built-in material
		 * logic used in the fragment stage.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.fragmentNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node property can be used if you need complete freedom in implementing
		 * the vertex shader. Assigning a node will replace the built-in material logic
		 * used in the vertex stage.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.vertexNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node can be used as a global context management component for this material.
		 *
		 * @type {?ContextNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.contextNode = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array of child nodes for this material.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @returns {Array<{property: string, childNode: Node}>}
	 */
	_getNodeChildren() {

		const children = [];

		for ( const property of Object.getOwnPropertyNames( this ) ) {

			if ( property.startsWith( '_' ) === true ) continue;

			const object = this[ property ];

			if ( object && object.isNode === true ) {

				children.push( { property, childNode: object } );

			}

		}

		return children;

	}

	/**
	 * Allows to define a custom cache key that influence the material key computation
	 * for render objects.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The custom cache key.
	 */
	customProgramCacheKey() {

		const values = [];

		for ( const { property, childNode } of this._getNodeChildren() ) {

			values.push( hashString( property.slice( 0, -4 ) ), childNode.getCacheKey() );

		}

		return this.type + hashArray( values );

	}

	/**
	 * Builds this material with the given node builder.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	build( builder ) {

		this.setup( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups a node material observer with the given builder.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {NodeMaterialObserver} The node material observer.
	 */
	setupObserver( builder ) {

		return new NodeMaterialObserver( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the vertex and fragment stage of this node material.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		builder.context.setupNormal = () => subBuild( this.setupNormal( builder ), 'NORMAL', 'vec3' );
		builder.context.setupPositionView = () => this.setupPositionView( builder );
		builder.context.setupModelViewProjection = () => this.setupModelViewProjection( builder );

		const renderer = builder.renderer;
		const renderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();

		// < VERTEX STAGE >

		builder.addStack();

		const mvp = this.setupVertex( builder );

		const vertexNode = subBuild( this.vertexNode || mvp, 'VERTEX' );

		builder.context.clipSpace = vertexNode;

		builder.stack.outputNode = vertexNode;

		this.setupHardwareClipping( builder );

		if ( this.geometryNode !== null ) {

			builder.stack.outputNode = builder.stack.outputNode.bypass( this.geometryNode );

		}

		builder.addFlow( 'vertex', builder.removeStack() );

		// < FRAGMENT STAGE >

		builder.addStack();

		let resultNode;

		const clippingNode = this.setupClipping( builder );

		if ( this.depthWrite === true || this.depthTest === true ) {

			// only write depth if depth buffer is configured

			if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

				if ( renderTarget.depthBuffer === true ) this.setupDepth( builder );

			} else {

				if ( renderer.depth === true ) this.setupDepth( builder );

			}

		}

		if ( this.fragmentNode === null ) {

			this.setupDiffuseColor( builder );
			this.setupAmbientOcclusion( builder );
			this.setupVariants( builder );

			const outgoingLightNode = this.setupLighting( builder );

			if ( clippingNode !== null ) builder.stack.addToStack( clippingNode );

			// force unsigned floats - useful for RenderTargets

			const basicOutput = vec4( outgoingLightNode, diffuseColor.a ).max( 0 );

			resultNode = this.setupOutput( builder, basicOutput );

			// OUTPUT NODE

			output.assign( resultNode );

			//

			const isCustomOutput = this.outputNode !== null;

			if ( isCustomOutput ) resultNode = this.outputNode;

			//

			if ( builder.context.getOutput ) {

				resultNode = builder.context.getOutput( resultNode, builder );

			}

			// MRT

			if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

				const mrt = renderer.getMRT();
				const materialMRT = this.mrtNode;

				if ( mrt !== null ) {

					if ( isCustomOutput ) output.assign( resultNode );

					resultNode = mrt;

					if ( materialMRT !== null ) {

						resultNode = mrt.merge( materialMRT );

					}

				} else if ( materialMRT !== null ) {

					resultNode = materialMRT;

				}

			}

		} else {

			let fragmentNode = this.fragmentNode;

			if ( fragmentNode.isOutputStructNode !== true ) {

				fragmentNode = fragmentNode.convert( builder.getOutputType() );

			}

			resultNode = this.setupOutput( builder, fragmentNode );

		}

		builder.stack.outputNode = resultNode;

		builder.addFlow( 'fragment', builder.removeStack() );

		// < OBSERVER >

		builder.observer = this.setupObserver( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the clipping node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {ClippingNode} The clipping node.
	 */
	setupClipping( builder ) {

		if ( builder.clippingContext === null ) return null;

		const { unionPlanes, intersectionPlanes } = builder.clippingContext;

		let result = null;

		if ( unionPlanes.length > 0 || intersectionPlanes.length > 0 ) {

			const samples = builder.renderer.currentSamples;

			if ( this.alphaToCoverage && samples > 1 ) {

				// to be added to flow when the color/alpha value has been determined
				result = clippingAlpha();

			} else {

				builder.stack.addToStack( clipping() );

			}

		}

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the hardware clipping if available on the current device.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupHardwareClipping( builder ) {

		builder.hardwareClipping = false;

		if ( builder.clippingContext === null ) return;

		const candidateCount = builder.clippingContext.unionPlanes.length;

		// 8 planes supported by WebGL ANGLE_clip_cull_distance and WebGPU clip-distances

		if ( candidateCount > 0 && candidateCount <= 8 && builder.isAvailable( 'clipDistance' ) ) {

			builder.stack.addToStack( hardwareClipping() );

			builder.hardwareClipping = true;

		}

		return;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the depth of this material.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupDepth( builder ) {

		const { renderer, camera } = builder;

		// Depth

		let depthNode = this.depthNode;

		if ( depthNode === null ) {

			const mrt = renderer.getMRT();

			if ( mrt && mrt.has( 'depth' ) ) {

				depthNode = mrt.get( 'depth' );

			} else if ( renderer.logarithmicDepthBuffer === true ) {

				if ( camera.isPerspectiveCamera ) {

					depthNode = viewZToLogarithmicDepth( positionView.z, cameraNear, cameraFar );

				} else {

					depthNode = viewZToOrthographicDepth( positionView.z, cameraNear, cameraFar );

				}

			}

		}

		if ( depthNode !== null ) {

			depth.assign( depthNode ).toStack();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the position node in view space. This method exists
	 * so derived node materials can modify the implementation e.g. sprite materials.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The position in view space.
	 */
	setupPositionView( /*builder*/ ) {

		return modelViewMatrix.mul( positionLocal ).xyz;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the position in clip space.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec4>} The position in view space.
	 */
	setupModelViewProjection( /*builder*/ ) {

		return cameraProjectionMatrix.mul( positionView );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the logic for the vertex stage.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec4>} The position in clip space.
	 */
	setupVertex( builder ) {

		builder.addStack();

		this.setupPosition( builder );

		builder.context.position = builder.removeStack();

		return modelViewProjection;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the computation of the position in local space.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The position in local space.
	 */
	setupPosition( builder ) {

		const { object, geometry } = builder;

		if ( geometry.morphAttributes.position || geometry.morphAttributes.normal || geometry.morphAttributes.color ) {

			morphReference( object );

		}

		if ( object.isSkinnedMesh === true ) {

			skinning( object );

		}

		if ( this.displacementMap ) {

			const displacementMap = materialReference( 'displacementMap', 'texture' );
			const displacementScale = materialReference( 'displacementScale', 'float' );
			const displacementBias = materialReference( 'displacementBias', 'float' );

			positionLocal.addAssign( normalLocal.normalize().mul( ( displacementMap.x.mul( displacementScale ).add( displacementBias ) ) ) );

		}

		if ( object.isBatchedMesh ) {

			batch( object );

		}

		if ( ( object.isInstancedMesh && object.instanceMatrix && object.instanceMatrix.isInstancedBufferAttribute === true ) ) {

			instancedMesh( object );

		}

		if ( this.positionNode !== null ) {

			positionLocal.assign( subBuild( this.positionNode, 'POSITION', 'vec3' ) );

		}

		return positionLocal;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the computation of the material's diffuse color.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry.
	 */
	setupDiffuseColor( builder ) {

		const { object, geometry } = builder;

		// MASK

		if ( this.maskNode !== null ) {

			// Discard if the mask is `false`

			bool( this.maskNode ).not().discard();

		}

		// COLOR

		let colorNode = this.colorNode ? vec4( this.colorNode ) : materialColor;

		// VERTEX COLORS

		if ( this.vertexColors === true && geometry.hasAttribute( 'color' ) ) {

			colorNode = colorNode.mul( vertexColor() );

		}

		// INSTANCED COLORS

		if ( object.instanceColor ) {

			colorNode = instanceColor.mul( colorNode );

		}

		if ( object.isBatchedMesh && object._colorsTexture ) {

			colorNode = batchColor.mul( colorNode );

		}

		// DIFFUSE COLOR

		diffuseColor.assign( colorNode );

		// OPACITY

		const opacityNode = this.opacityNode ? float( this.opacityNode ) : materialOpacity;
		diffuseColor.a.assign( diffuseColor.a.mul( opacityNode ) );

		// ALPHA TEST

		let alphaTestNode = null;

		if ( this.alphaTestNode !== null || this.alphaTest > 0 ) {

			alphaTestNode = this.alphaTestNode !== null ? float( this.alphaTestNode ) : materialAlphaTest;

			if ( this.alphaToCoverage === true ) {

				diffuseColor.a = smoothstep( alphaTestNode, alphaTestNode.add( fwidth( diffuseColor.a ) ), diffuseColor.a );
				diffuseColor.a.lessThanEqual( 0 ).discard();

			} else {

				diffuseColor.a.lessThanEqual( alphaTestNode ).discard();

			}

		}

		// ALPHA HASH

		if ( this.alphaHash === true ) {

			diffuseColor.a.lessThan( getAlphaHashThreshold( positionLocal ) ).discard();

		}

		// OPAQUE

		if ( builder.isOpaque() ) {

			diffuseColor.a.assign( 1.0 );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Abstract interface method that can be implemented by derived materials
	 * to setup material-specific node variables.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupVariants( /*builder*/ ) {

		// Interface function.

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the outgoing light node variable
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The outgoing light node.
	 */
	setupOutgoingLight() {

		return ( this.lights === true ) ? vec3( 0 ) : diffuseColor.rgb;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the normal node from the material.
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The normal node.
	 */
	setupNormal() {

		return this.normalNode ? vec3( this.normalNode ) : materialNormal;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the environment node from the material.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec4>} The environment node.
	 */
	setupEnvironment( /*builder*/ ) {

		let node = null;

		if ( this.envNode ) {

			node = this.envNode;

		} else if ( this.envMap ) {

			node = this.envMap.isCubeTexture ? materialReference( 'envMap', 'cubeTexture' ) : materialReference( 'envMap', 'texture' );

		}

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the light map node from the material.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The light map node.
	 */
	setupLightMap( builder ) {

		let node = null;

		if ( builder.material.lightMap ) {

			node = new IrradianceNode( materialLightMap );

		}

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lights node based on the scene, environment and material.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {LightingNode<Array>} The lights node.
	 */
	setupMaterialLightings( builder ) {

		const materialLightsNode = [];

		if ( builder.renderer.lighting.enabled === false ) {

			return materialLightsNode;

		}

		//

		const envNode = this.setupEnvironment( builder );

		if ( envNode && envNode.isLightingNode ) {

			materialLightsNode.push( envNode );

		}

		const lightMapNode = this.setupLightMap( builder );

		if ( lightMapNode && lightMapNode.isLightingNode ) {

			materialLightsNode.push( lightMapNode );

		}

		if ( builder.context.ambientOcclusion ) {

			materialLightsNode.push( new AONode( builder.context.ambientOcclusion ) );

		}

		return materialLightsNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the ambient occlusion node from the material.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node} The ambient occlusion node.
	 */
	setupAmbientOcclusion( builder ) {

		let aoNode = this.aoNode;

		if ( aoNode === null && builder.material.aoMap ) {

			aoNode = materialAO;

		}

		if ( builder.context.getAO ) {

			aoNode = builder.context.getAO( aoNode, builder );

		}

		if ( aoNode !== null ) {

			ambientOcclusion.assign( aoNode );

			builder.context.ambientOcclusion = ambientOcclusion;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method should be implemented by most derived materials
	 * since it defines the material's lighting model.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {LightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		// Interface function.

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the outgoing light node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The outgoing light node.
	 */
	setupLighting( builder ) {

		const { material } = builder;
		const { backdropNode, backdropAlphaNode, emissiveNode } = this;

		// OUTGOING LIGHT

		const lights = this.lights === true || this.lightsNode !== null;

		const materialLightings = this.lights === true ? this.setupMaterialLightings( builder ) : [];
		const lightsNode = lights ? ( this.lightsNode || builder.lightsNode ) : null;

		let outgoingLightNode = this.setupOutgoingLight( builder );

		if ( lightsNode && ( materialLightings.length > 0 || lightsNode.getScope().hasLights ) ) {

			const lightingModel = this.setupLightingModel( builder ) || null;

			outgoingLightNode = lightingContext( lightsNode, lightingModel, materialLightings, backdropNode, backdropAlphaNode );

		} else if ( backdropNode !== null ) {

			outgoingLightNode = vec3( backdropAlphaNode !== null ? mix( outgoingLightNode, backdropNode, backdropAlphaNode ) : backdropNode );

		}

		// EMISSIVE

		if ( ( emissiveNode && emissiveNode.isNode === true ) || ( material.emissive && material.emissive.isColor === true ) ) {

			emissive.assign( vec3( emissiveNode ? emissiveNode : materialEmissive ) );

			outgoingLightNode = outgoingLightNode.add( emissive );

		}

		return outgoingLightNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Setup the fog.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node<vec4>} outputNode - The existing output node.
	 * @return {Node<vec4>} The output node.
	 */
	setupFog( builder, outputNode ) {

		const fogNode = builder.fogNode;

		if ( fogNode ) {

			output.assign( outputNode );

			outputNode = vec4( fogNode.toVar() );

		}

		return outputNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups premultiplied alpha.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node<vec4>} outputNode - The existing output node.
	 * @return {Node<vec4>} The output node.
	 */
	setupPremultipliedAlpha( builder, outputNode ) {

		return premultiplyAlpha( outputNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the output node.
	 *
	 * This method can be implemented by derived materials to extend the functionality
	 * of the material's output or replace it altogether.
	 *
	 * ```js
	 * class ColoredShadowMaterial extends MeshPhongNodeMaterial {
	 *   constructor( parameters ) {
	 *     super( parameters );
	 *     this._shadeColor = uniform( new Color( parameters.shadeColor ?? 0xff0000 ) );
	 *   }
	 *
	 *   setupOutput( builder, outputNode ) {
	 *	   // Modify the native output of the MeshPhongNodeMaterial fragment shader
	 *     const brightness = min( outputNode.r, 1.0 );
	 *     const mixedColor = mix( this._shadeColor, diffuseColor.rgb, brightness );
	 *	   // Return new output back into NodeMaterial flow
	 *     return super.setupOutput( builder, vec4( mixedColor, outputNode.a ) );
	 *   }
	 * }
	 * ```
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node<vec4>} outputNode - The existing output node.
	 * @return {Node<vec4>} The output node.
	 */
	setupOutput( builder, outputNode ) {

		// FOG

		if ( this.fog === true ) {

			outputNode = this.setupFog( builder, outputNode );

		}

		// PREMULTIPLIED ALPHA

		if ( this.premultipliedAlpha === true ) {

			outputNode = this.setupPremultipliedAlpha( builder, outputNode );

		}

		return outputNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Most classic material types have a node pendant e.g. for `MeshBasicMaterial`
	 * there is `MeshBasicNodeMaterial`. This utility method is intended for
	 * defining all material properties of the classic type in the node type.
	 *
	 * @param {Material} material - The material to copy properties with their values to this node material.
	 */
	setDefaultValues( material ) {

		// This approach is to reuse the native refreshUniforms*
		// and turn available the use of features like transmission and environment in core

		for ( const property in material ) {

			const value = material[ property ];

			if ( this[ property ] === undefined ) {

				this[ property ] = value;

				if ( value && value.clone ) this[ property ] = value.clone();

			}

		}

		const descriptors = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors( material.constructor.prototype );

		for ( const key in descriptors ) {

			if ( Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor( this.constructor.prototype, key ) === undefined && descriptors[ key ].get !== undefined ) {

				Object.defineProperty( this.constructor.prototype, key, descriptors[ key ] );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Serializes this material to JSON.
	 *
	 * @param {?(Object|string)} meta - The meta information for serialization.
	 * @return {Object} The serialized node.
	 */
	toJSON( meta ) {

		const isRoot = ( meta === undefined || typeof meta === 'string' );

		if ( isRoot ) {

			meta = {
				textures: {},
				images: {},
				nodes: {}
			};

		}

		const data = Material.prototype.toJSON.call( this, meta );
		data.inputNodes = {};

		for ( const { property, childNode } of this._getNodeChildren() ) {

			data.inputNodes[ property ] = childNode.toJSON( meta ).uuid;

		}

		// TODO: Copied from Object3D.toJSON

		function extractFromCache( cache ) {

			const values = [];

			for ( const key in cache ) {

				const data = cache[ key ];
				delete data.metadata;
				values.push( data );

			}

			return values;

		}

		if ( isRoot ) {

			const textures = extractFromCache( meta.textures );
			const images = extractFromCache( meta.images );
			const nodes = extractFromCache( meta.nodes );

			if ( textures.length > 0 ) data.textures = textures;
			if ( images.length > 0 ) data.images = images;
			if ( nodes.length > 0 ) data.nodes = nodes;

		}

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Copies the common properties of the given material to this instance.
	 *
	 * @param {Material} source - The material to copy.
	 * @return {NodeMaterial} A reference to this node material.
	 */
	copy( source ) {

		const descriptors = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors( this.constructor.prototype );

		for ( const property in descriptors ) {

			if ( descriptors[ property ].set !== undefined && source[ property ] !== undefined ) {

				const value = source[ property ];

				if ( this[ property ] && this[ property ].copy !== undefined ) {

					this[ property ].copy( value );

				} else {

					this[ property ] = value;

				}

			}

		}

		for ( const property in this ) {

			// Skip internal/private properties (starting with '_'), flags (starting with 'is' + uppercase),
			// and properties that are handled separately or should not be copied (id, uuid, version, type, userData, clippingPlanes).

			if ( /^(?:is[A-Z]|_)|^(?:id|uuid|version|type|userData|clippingPlanes)$/.test( property ) ) continue;

			if ( this[ property ] !== undefined && source[ property ] !== undefined ) {

				const value = source[ property ];

				if ( this[ property ] && this[ property ].copy !== undefined ) {

					this[ property ].copy( value );

				} else {

					this[ property ] = value;

				}

			}

		}

		this.clippingPlanes = source.clippingPlanes ? source.clippingPlanes.map( ( plane ) => plane.clone() ) : null;

		this.userData = JSON.parse( JSON.stringify( source.userData ) );

		return this;

	}

}

const _defaultValues$d = /*@__PURE__*/ new LineBasicMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link LineBasicMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class LineBasicNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'LineBasicNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new line basic node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isLineBasicNodeMaterial = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$d );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

}

const _defaultValues$c = /*@__PURE__*/ new LineDashedMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of  {@link LineDashedMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class LineDashedNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'LineDashedNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new line dashed node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isLineDashedNodeMaterial = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$c );

		/**
		 * The dash offset.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.dashOffset = 0;

		/**
		 * The offset of dash materials is by default inferred from the `dashOffset`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the offset with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the offset but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialLineDashOffset}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.offsetNode = null;

		/**
		 * The scale of dash materials is by default inferred from the `scale`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the scale with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the scale but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialLineScale}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.dashScaleNode = null;

		/**
		 * The dash size of dash materials is by default inferred from the `dashSize`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the dash size with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the dash size but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialLineDashSize}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.dashSizeNode = null;

		/**
		 * The gap size of dash materials is by default inferred from the `gapSize`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the gap size with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the gap size but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialLineGapSize}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.gapSizeNode = null;

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the dash specific node variables.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupVariants( /* builder */ ) {

		const offsetNode = this.offsetNode ? float( this.offsetNode ) : materialLineDashOffset;
		const dashScaleNode = this.dashScaleNode ? float( this.dashScaleNode ) : materialLineScale;
		const dashSizeNode = this.dashSizeNode ? float( this.dashSizeNode ) : materialLineDashSize;
		const gapSizeNode = this.gapSizeNode ? float( this.gapSizeNode ) : materialLineGapSize;

		dashSize.assign( dashSizeNode );
		gapSize.assign( gapSizeNode );

		const vLineDistance = varying( attribute( 'lineDistance' ).mul( dashScaleNode ) );
		const vLineDistanceOffset = offsetNode ? vLineDistance.add( offsetNode ) : vLineDistance;

		vLineDistanceOffset.mod( dashSize.add( gapSize ) ).greaterThan( dashSize ).discard();

	}

}

const _defaultValues$b = /*@__PURE__*/ new LineDashedMaterial();

/**
 * Varying node representing the world position of the segment start in view space.
 * Used for distance and coordinate calculations across the fragment shader.
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec3>}
 */
const worldStart = varyingProperty( 'vec3', 'worldStart' );

/**
 * Varying node representing the world position of the segment end in view space.
 * Used for distance and coordinate calculations across the fragment shader.
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec3>}
 */
const worldEnd = varyingProperty( 'vec3', 'worldEnd' );

/**
 * Varying node representing the accumulated distance along the line.
 * Crucial for correctly computing dashed line intervals in fragment stage.
 * @type {VaryingNode<float>}
 */
const lineDistance = varyingProperty( 'float', 'lineDistance' );

/**
 * Varying node representing the interpolated world/view position of the current fragment.
 * Used for line/ray distance checks under perspective projection.
 * @type {VaryingNode<vec4>}
 */
const worldPos = varyingProperty( 'vec4', 'worldPos' );

/**
 * Trims the line segment to avoid rendering behind the camera near plane.
 * Computes an interpolation factor (alpha) to clamp the segment's coordinate.
 *
 * @param {Object} inputs
 * @param {Node<vec4>} inputs.start - Segment start position in view space.
 * @param {Node<vec4>} inputs.end - Segment end position in view space.
 * @returns {Node<float>} The interpolation factor (alpha) to trim the segment.
 */
const trimSegmentAlpha = Fn( ( { start, end } ) => {

	const a = cameraProjectionMatrix.element( 2 ).element( 2 ); // 3nd entry in 3th column
	const b = cameraProjectionMatrix.element( 3 ).element( 2 ); // 3nd entry in 4th column

	// we need different nearEstimate formula for reversed and default depth buffer
	// a is positive with a reversed depth buffer so it can be used for controlling the code flow

	const nearEstimate = a.greaterThan( 0 ).select( b.negate().div( a.add( 1 ) ), b.mul( -0.5 ).div( a ) );

	return nearEstimate.sub( start.z ).div( end.z.sub( start.z ) );

}, { start: 'vec4', end: 'vec4', return: 'float' } );

/**
 * Calculates the closest points on two 3D lines.
 * Used for perspective-correct line rendering and coordinates interpolation.
 *
 * @param {Object} inputs
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.p1 - Start of line 1.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.p2 - End of line 1.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.p3 - Start of line 2.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.p4 - End of line 2.
 * @returns {Node<vec2>} A vec2 containing the parametric coordinates (mua, mub) of the closest points on line 1 and line 2.
 */
const closestLineToLine = Fn( ( { p1, p2, p3, p4 } ) => {

	const p13 = p1.sub( p3 );
	const p43 = p4.sub( p3 );

	const p21 = p2.sub( p1 );

	const d1343 = p13.dot( p43 );
	const d4321 = p43.dot( p21 );
	const d1321 = p13.dot( p21 );
	const d4343 = p43.dot( p43 );
	const d2121 = p21.dot( p21 );

	const denom = d2121.mul( d4343 ).sub( d4321.mul( d4321 ) );
	const numer = d1343.mul( d4321 ).sub( d1321.mul( d4343 ) );

	const mua = numer.div( denom ).clamp();
	const mub = d1343.add( d4321.mul( mua ) ).div( d4343 ).clamp();

	return vec2( mua, mub );

}, { p1: 'vec3', p2: 'vec3', p3: 'vec3', p4: 'vec3', return: 'vec2' } );

/**
 * TSL node acting as a custom Model-View-Projection (MVP) for fat lines,
 * expanding 3D segments into screen/world-facing ribbons of a specified width.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec4>}
 */
const mvpLine = Fn( ( { material } ) => {

	const useDash = material._useDash;
	const useWorldUnits = material._useWorldUnits;

	const instanceStart = attribute( 'instanceStart' );
	const instanceEnd = attribute( 'instanceEnd' );

	// camera space

	const start = vec4( modelViewMatrix.mul( vec4( instanceStart, 1.0 ) ) ).toVar( 'start' );
	const end = vec4( modelViewMatrix.mul( vec4( instanceEnd, 1.0 ) ) ).toVar( 'end' );

	let distanceStart, distanceEnd;

	if ( useDash ) {

		distanceStart = float( attribute( 'instanceDistanceStart' ) ).toVar( 'distanceStart' );
		distanceEnd = float( attribute( 'instanceDistanceEnd' ) ).toVar( 'distanceEnd' );

	}

	if ( useWorldUnits ) {

		worldStart.assign( start.xyz );
		worldEnd.assign( end.xyz );

	}

	const aspect = viewport.z.div( viewport.w );

	// special case for perspective projection, and segments that terminate either in, or behind, the camera plane
	// clearly the gpu firmware has a way of addressing this issue when projecting into ndc space
	// but we need to perform ndc-space calculations in the shader, so we must address this issue directly
	// perhaps there is a more elegant solution -- WestLangley

	const perspective = cameraProjectionMatrix.element( 2 ).element( 3 ).equal( -1 ); // 4th entry in the 3rd column

	If( perspective, () => {

		If( start.z.lessThan( 0.0 ).and( end.z.greaterThan( 0.0 ) ), () => {

			const alpha = trimSegmentAlpha( { start, end } );
			end.assign( vec4( mix( start.xyz, end.xyz, alpha ), end.w ) );

			if ( useDash ) {

				distanceEnd.assign( mix( distanceStart, distanceEnd, alpha ) );

			}

		} ).ElseIf( end.z.lessThan( 0.0 ).and( start.z.greaterThanEqual( 0.0 ) ), () => {

			const alpha = trimSegmentAlpha( { start: end, end: start } );
			start.assign( vec4( mix( end.xyz, start.xyz, alpha ), start.w ) );

			if ( useDash ) {

				distanceStart.assign( mix( distanceEnd, distanceStart, alpha ) );

			}

		} );

	} );

	if ( useDash ) {

		const dashScaleNode = material.dashScaleNode ? float( material.dashScaleNode ) : materialLineScale;
		const offsetNode = material.offsetNode ? float( material.offsetNode ) : materialLineDashOffset;

		let lineDist = positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.5 ).select( dashScaleNode.mul( distanceStart ), dashScaleNode.mul( distanceEnd ) );
		lineDist = lineDist.add( offsetNode );

		lineDistance.assign( lineDist );

	}

	// clip space
	const clipStart = cameraProjectionMatrix.mul( start );
	const clipEnd = cameraProjectionMatrix.mul( end );

	// ndc space
	const ndcStart = clipStart.xyz.div( clipStart.w );
	const ndcEnd = clipEnd.xyz.div( clipEnd.w );

	// direction
	const dir = ndcEnd.xy.sub( ndcStart.xy ).toVar();

	// account for clip-space aspect ratio
	dir.x.assign( dir.x.mul( aspect ) );
	dir.assign( dir.normalize() );

	const clip = vec4().toVar();

	if ( useWorldUnits ) {

		// get the offset direction as perpendicular to the view vector

		const worldDir = end.xyz.sub( start.xyz ).normalize();
		const tmpFwd = mix( start.xyz, end.xyz, 0.5 ).normalize();
		const worldUp = worldDir.cross( tmpFwd ).normalize();
		const worldFwd = worldDir.cross( worldUp );

		worldPos.assign( positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.5 ).select( start, end ) );

		// height offset
		const hw = materialLineWidth.mul( 0.5 );
		worldPos.addAssign( vec4( positionGeometry.x.lessThan( 0.0 ).select( worldUp.mul( hw ), worldUp.mul( hw ).negate() ), 0 ) );

		// don't extend the line if we're rendering dashes because we
		// won't be rendering the endcaps
		if ( ! useDash ) {

			// cap extension
			worldPos.addAssign( vec4( positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.5 ).select( worldDir.mul( hw ).negate(), worldDir.mul( hw ) ), 0 ) );

			// add width to the box
			worldPos.addAssign( vec4( worldFwd.mul( hw ), 0 ) );

			// endcaps
			If( positionGeometry.y.greaterThan( 1.0 ).or( positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.0 ) ), () => {

				worldPos.subAssign( vec4( worldFwd.mul( 2.0 ).mul( hw ), 0 ) );

			} );

		}

		// project the worldpos
		clip.assign( cameraProjectionMatrix.mul( worldPos ) );

		// shift the depth of the projected points so the line
		// segments overlap neatly
		const clipPose = vec3().toVar();

		clipPose.assign( positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.5 ).select( ndcStart, ndcEnd ) );
		clip.z.assign( clipPose.z.mul( clip.w ) );

	} else {

		const offset = vec2( dir.y, dir.x.negate() ).toVar( 'offset' );

		// undo aspect ratio adjustment
		dir.x.assign( dir.x.div( aspect ) );
		offset.x.assign( offset.x.div( aspect ) );

		// sign flip
		offset.assign( positionGeometry.x.lessThan( 0.0 ).select( offset.negate(), offset ) );

		// endcaps
		If( positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.0 ), () => {

			offset.assign( offset.sub( dir ) );

		} ).ElseIf( positionGeometry.y.greaterThan( 1.0 ), () => {

			offset.assign( offset.add( dir ) );

		} );

		// adjust for linewidth
		offset.assign( offset.mul( materialLineWidth ) );

		// adjust for clip-space to screen-space conversion // maybe resolution should be based on viewport ...
		offset.assign( offset.div( viewport.w.div( screenDPR ) ) );

		// select end
		clip.assign( positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.5 ).select( clipStart, clipEnd ) );

		// back to clip space
		offset.assign( offset.mul( clip.w ) );

		clip.assign( clip.add( vec4( offset, 0, 0 ) ) );

	}

	return clip;

} )();

/**
 * TSL fragment node that computes the shape/coverage (alpha) of the fat line segment.
 * Handles dash/gap generation, alpha-to-coverage rendering, and round endcaps.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const alphaLine = Fn( ( { material, renderer } ) => {

	const useAlphaToCoverage = material._useAlphaToCoverage;
	const useDash = material._useDash;
	const useWorldUnits = material._useWorldUnits;

	const vUv = uv$1();

	if ( useDash ) {

		const dashSizeNode = material.dashSizeNode ? float( material.dashSizeNode ) : materialLineDashSize;
		const gapSizeNode = material.gapSizeNode ? float( material.gapSizeNode ) : materialLineGapSize;

		dashSize.assign( dashSizeNode );
		gapSize.assign( gapSizeNode );

		vUv.y.lessThan( -1 ).or( vUv.y.greaterThan( 1.0 ) ).discard(); // discard endcaps
		lineDistance.mod( dashSize.add( gapSize ) ).greaterThan( dashSize ).discard(); // todo - FIX

	}

	const alpha = float( 1 ).toVar( 'alpha' );

	if ( useWorldUnits ) {

		// Find the closest points on the view ray and the line segment
		const rayEnd = worldPos.xyz.normalize().mul( 1e5 );
		const lineDir = worldEnd.sub( worldStart );
		const params = closestLineToLine( { p1: worldStart, p2: worldEnd, p3: vec3( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ), p4: rayEnd } );

		const p1 = worldStart.add( lineDir.mul( params.x ) );
		const p2 = rayEnd.mul( params.y );
		const delta = p1.sub( p2 );
		const len = delta.length();
		const norm = len.div( materialLineWidth );

		if ( ! useDash ) {

			if ( useAlphaToCoverage && renderer.currentSamples > 0 ) {

				const dnorm = norm.fwidth();
				alpha.assign( smoothstep( dnorm.negate().add( 0.5 ), dnorm.add( 0.5 ), norm ).oneMinus() );

			} else {

				norm.greaterThan( 0.5 ).discard();

			}

		}

	} else {

		// round endcaps

		if ( useAlphaToCoverage && renderer.currentSamples > 0 ) {

			const a = vUv.x;
			const b = vUv.y.greaterThan( 0.0 ).select( vUv.y.sub( 1.0 ), vUv.y.add( 1.0 ) );

			const len2 = a.mul( a ).add( b.mul( b ) );

			const dlen = float( len2.fwidth() ).toVar( 'dlen' );

			If( vUv.y.abs().greaterThan( 1.0 ), () => {

				alpha.assign( smoothstep( dlen.oneMinus(), dlen.add( 1 ), len2 ).oneMinus() );

			} );

		} else {

			If( vUv.y.abs().greaterThan( 1.0 ), () => {

				const a = vUv.x;
				const b = vUv.y.greaterThan( 0.0 ).select( vUv.y.sub( 1.0 ), vUv.y.add( 1.0 ) );
				const len2 = a.mul( a ).add( b.mul( b ) );

				len2.greaterThan( 1.0 ).discard();

			} );

		}

	}

	return alpha;

} )();

/**
 * This node material can be used to render lines with a size larger than one
 * by representing them as instanced meshes.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class Line2NodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'Line2NodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node material for wide line rendering.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters={}] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters = {} ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isLine2NodeMaterial = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$b );

		/**
		 * Whether vertex colors should be used or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.vertexColors = parameters.vertexColors;

		/**
		 * The dash offset.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.dashOffset = 0;

		/**
		 * Defines the offset.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.offsetNode = null;

		/**
		 * Defines the dash scale.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.dashScaleNode = null;

		/**
		 * Defines the dash size.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.dashSizeNode = null;

		/**
		 * Defines the gap size.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.gapSizeNode = null;

		/**
		 * Blending is set to `NoBlending` since transparency
		 * is not supported, yet.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.blending = NoBlending;

		this._useDash = parameters.dashed;
		this._useAlphaToCoverage = true;
		this._useWorldUnits = false;

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the diffuse color of the line material in the fragment stage.
	 * Overrides the base setup to incorporate line/dash rendering and blending.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupDiffuseColor( builder ) {

		super.setupDiffuseColor( builder );

		diffuseColor.a.mulAssign( alphaLine );

		if ( this.vertexColors === true && builder.geometry.hasAttribute( 'instanceColorStart' ) ) {

			const instanceColorStart = attribute( 'instanceColorStart' );
			const instanceColorEnd = attribute( 'instanceColorEnd' );

			const instanceColor = positionGeometry.y.lessThan( 0.5 ).select( instanceColorStart, instanceColorEnd );

			diffuseColor.rgb.mulAssign( instanceColor );

		}

		if ( this.transparent ) {

			diffuseColor.rgb.assign( diffuseColor.rgb.mul( diffuseColor.a ).add( viewportOpaqueMipTexture().rgb.mul( diffuseColor.a.oneMinus() ) ) );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the position in clip space for the vertex stage of the fat line.
	 * Overrides the default model-view-projection to return the expanded fat line vertex coordinates.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec4>} The position of the fat line vertex in clip space.
	 */
	setupModelViewProjection( /*builder*/ ) {

		return mvpLine;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the lines color.
	 *
	 * @deprecated since r185. Use {@link NodeMaterial#colorNode} instead.
	 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
	 */
	get lineColorNode() {

		return this.colorNode;

	}

	set lineColorNode( value ) {

		warnOnce( 'Line2NodeMaterial: "lineColorNode" has been deprecated. Use "colorNode" instead.' ); // @deprecated r185

		this.colorNode = value;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lines should sized in world units or not.
	 * When set to `false` the unit is pixel.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default false
	 */
	get worldUnits() {

		return this._useWorldUnits;

	}

	set worldUnits( value ) {

		if ( this._useWorldUnits !== value ) {

			this._useWorldUnits = value;
			this.needsUpdate = true;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lines should be dashed or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default false
	 */
	get dashed() {

		return this._useDash;

	}

	set dashed( value ) {

		if ( this._useDash !== value ) {

			this._useDash = value;
			this.needsUpdate = true;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Whether alpha to coverage should be used or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get alphaToCoverage() {

		return this._useAlphaToCoverage;

	}

	set alphaToCoverage( value ) {

		if ( this._useAlphaToCoverage !== value ) {

			this._useAlphaToCoverage = value;
			this.needsUpdate = true;

		}

	}

}

const _defaultValues$a = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshNormalMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshNormalMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class MeshNormalNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshNormalNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh normal node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshNormalNodeMaterial = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$a );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation by computing the diffuse color
	 * based on the normal data.
	 */
	setupDiffuseColor() {

		const opacityNode = this.opacityNode ? float( this.opacityNode ) : materialOpacity;

		// By convention, a normal packed to RGB is in sRGB color space. Convert it to working color space.

		diffuseColor.assign( colorSpaceToWorking( vec4( packNormalToRGB( normalView ), opacityNode ), SRGBColorSpace ) );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an equirect uv node.
 *
 * Can be used to compute texture coordinates for projecting an
 * equirectangular texture onto a mesh for using it as the scene's
 * background.
 *
 * ```js
 * scene.backgroundNode = texture( equirectTexture, equirectUV() );
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [direction=positionWorldDirection] - A direction vector for sampling which is by default `positionWorldDirection`.
 * @returns {Node<vec2>}
 */
const equirectUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ direction = positionWorldDirection ] ) => {

	const u = direction.z.atan( direction.x ).mul( 1 / ( Math.PI * 2 ) ).add( 0.5 );
	const v = direction.y.clamp( -1, 1.0 ).asin().mul( 1 / Math.PI ).add( 0.5 );

	return vec2( u, v );

} );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an equirect direction node.
 *
 * Can be used to compute a direction vector from the given equirectangular
 * UV coordinates.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node<vec2>} [uv=UV()] - The equirectangular UV coordinates.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The computed direction vector.
 */
const equirectDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ uv = uv$1() ] ) => {

	const theta = uv.x.sub( 0.5 ).mul( Math.PI * 2 );
	const phi = uv.y.sub( 0.5 ).mul( Math.PI );
	const cosPhi = phi.cos();
	const x = cosPhi.mul( theta.cos() );
	const y = phi.sin();
	const z = cosPhi.mul( theta.sin() );

	return vec3( x, y, z );

} );

/**
 * This class represents a cube render target. It is a special version
 * of `WebGLCubeRenderTarget` which is compatible with `WebGPURenderer`.
 *
 * @augments RenderTarget
 */
class CubeRenderTarget extends RenderTarget {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new cube render target.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [size=1] - The size of the render target.
	 * @param {RenderTarget~Options} [options] - The configuration object.
	 */
	constructor( size = 1, options = {} ) {

		super( size, size, options );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isCubeRenderTarget = true;

		const image = { width: size, height: size, depth: 1 };
		const images = [ image, image, image, image, image, image ];

		/**
		 * Overwritten with a different texture type.
		 *
		 * @type {DataArrayTexture}
		 */
		this.texture = new CubeTexture( images );
		this._setTextureOptions( options );

		// By convention -- likely based on the RenderMan spec from the 1990's -- cube maps are specified by WebGL (and three.js)
		// in a coordinate system in which positive-x is to the right when looking up the positive-z axis -- in other words,
		// in a left-handed coordinate system. By continuing this convention, preexisting cube maps continued to render correctly.

		// three.js uses a right-handed coordinate system. So environment maps used in three.js appear to have px and nx swapped
		// and the flag isRenderTargetTexture controls this conversion. The flip is not required when using WebGLCubeRenderTarget.texture
		// as a cube texture (this is detected when isRenderTargetTexture is set to true for cube textures).

		this.texture.isRenderTargetTexture = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Converts the given equirectangular texture to a cube map.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The equirectangular texture.
	 * @return {CubeRenderTarget} A reference to this cube render target.
	 */
	fromEquirectangularTexture( renderer, texture$1 ) {

		const currentMinFilter = texture$1.minFilter;
		const currentGenerateMipmaps = texture$1.generateMipmaps;

		texture$1.generateMipmaps = true;

		this.texture.type = texture$1.type;
		this.texture.colorSpace = texture$1.colorSpace;

		this.texture.generateMipmaps = texture$1.generateMipmaps;
		this.texture.minFilter = texture$1.minFilter;
		this.texture.magFilter = texture$1.magFilter;

		const geometry = new BoxGeometry( 5, 5, 5 );

		const uvNode = equirectUV( positionWorldDirection );

		const material = new NodeMaterial();
		material.colorNode = texture( texture$1, uvNode, 0 );
		material.side = BackSide;
		material.blending = NoBlending;

		const mesh = new Mesh( geometry, material );

		const scene = new Scene();
		scene.add( mesh );

		// Avoid blurred poles
		if ( texture$1.minFilter === LinearMipmapLinearFilter ) texture$1.minFilter = LinearFilter;

		const camera = new CubeCamera( 1, 10, this );

		const currentMRT = renderer.getMRT();
		renderer.setMRT( null );

		camera.update( renderer, scene );

		renderer.setMRT( currentMRT );

		texture$1.minFilter = currentMinFilter;
		texture$1.generateMipmaps = currentGenerateMipmaps;

		mesh.geometry.dispose();
		mesh.material.dispose();

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Clears this cube render target.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {boolean} [color=true] - Whether the color buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the depth buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [stencil=true] - Whether the stencil buffer should be cleared or not.
	 */
	clear( renderer, color = true, depth = true, stencil = true ) {

		const currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();

		for ( let i = 0; i < 6; i ++ ) {

			renderer.setRenderTarget( this, i );

			renderer.clear( color, depth, stencil );

		}

		renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );

	}

}

const _cache$1 = new WeakMap();

/**
 * This node can be used to automatically convert environment maps in the
 * equirectangular format into the cube map format.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class CubeMapNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'CubeMapNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new cube map node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} envNode - The node representing the environment map.
	 */
	constructor( envNode ) {

		super( 'vec3' );

		/**
		 * The node representing the environment map.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.envNode = envNode;

		/**
		 * A reference to the internal cube texture.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?CubeTexture}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._cubeTexture = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the internal cube texture node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {CubeTextureNode}
		 */
		this._cubeTextureNode = cubeTexture( null );

		const defaultTexture = new CubeTexture();
		defaultTexture.isRenderTargetTexture = true;

		/**
		 * A default cube texture that acts as a placeholder.
		 * It is used when the conversion from equirectangular to cube
		 * map has not finished yet for a given texture.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {CubeTexture}
		 */
		this._defaultTexture = defaultTexture;

		/**
		 * The `updateBeforeType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.RENDER` since the node updates
		 * the texture once per render in its {@link CubeMapNode#updateBefore} method.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

	}

	updateBefore( frame ) {

		const { renderer, material } = frame;

		const envNode = this.envNode;

		if ( envNode.isTextureNode || envNode.isMaterialReferenceNode ) {

			const texture = ( envNode.isTextureNode ) ? envNode.value : material[ envNode.property ];

			if ( texture && texture.isTexture ) {

				const mapping = texture.mapping;

				if ( mapping === EquirectangularReflectionMapping || mapping === EquirectangularRefractionMapping ) {

					// check for converted cubemap map

					if ( _cache$1.has( texture ) ) {

						const cubeMap = _cache$1.get( texture );

						mapTextureMapping( cubeMap, texture.mapping );
						this._cubeTexture = cubeMap;

					} else {

						// create cube map from equirectangular map

						const image = texture.image;

						if ( isEquirectangularMapReady$1( image ) ) {

							const renderTarget = new CubeRenderTarget( image.height );
							renderTarget.fromEquirectangularTexture( renderer, texture );

							mapTextureMapping( renderTarget.texture, texture.mapping );
							this._cubeTexture = renderTarget.texture;

							_cache$1.set( texture, renderTarget.texture );

							texture.addEventListener( 'dispose', onTextureDispose );

						} else {

							// default cube texture as fallback when equirectangular texture is not yet loaded

							this._cubeTexture = this._defaultTexture;

						}

					}

					//

					this._cubeTextureNode.value = this._cubeTexture;

				} else {

					// envNode already refers to a cube map

					this._cubeTextureNode = this.envNode;

				}

			}

		}

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		this.updateBefore( builder );

		return this._cubeTextureNode;

	}

}

/**
 * Returns true if the given equirectangular image has been fully loaded
 * and is ready for further processing.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Image} image - The equirectangular image to check.
 * @return {boolean} Whether the image is ready or not.
 */
function isEquirectangularMapReady$1( image ) {

	if ( image === null || image === undefined ) return false;

	return image.height > 0;

}

/**
 * This function is executed when `dispose()` is called on the equirectangular
 * texture. In this case, the generated cube map with its render target
 * is deleted as well.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Object} event - The event object.
 */
function onTextureDispose( event ) {

	const texture = event.target;

	texture.removeEventListener( 'dispose', onTextureDispose );

	const renderTarget = _cache$1.get( texture );

	if ( renderTarget !== undefined ) {

		_cache$1.delete( texture );

		renderTarget.dispose();

	}

}

/**
 * This function makes sure the generated cube map uses the correct
 * texture mapping that corresponds to the equirectangular original.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Texture} texture - The cube texture.
 * @param {number} mapping - The original texture mapping.
 */
function mapTextureMapping( texture, mapping ) {

	if ( mapping === EquirectangularReflectionMapping ) {

		texture.mapping = CubeReflectionMapping;

	} else if ( mapping === EquirectangularRefractionMapping ) {

		texture.mapping = CubeRefractionMapping;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a cube map node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} envNode - The node representing the environment map.
 * @returns {CubeMapNode}
 */
const cubeMapNode = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( CubeMapNode ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Represents a basic model for Image-based lighting (IBL). The environment
 * is defined via environment maps in the equirectangular or cube map format.
 * `BasicEnvironmentNode` is intended for non-PBR materials like {@link MeshBasicNodeMaterial}
 * or {@link MeshPhongNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments LightingNode
 */
class BasicEnvironmentNode extends LightingNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'BasicEnvironmentNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new basic environment node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} [envNode=null] - A node representing the environment.
	 */
	constructor( envNode = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * A node representing the environment.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.envNode = envNode;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		// environment property is used in the finish() method of BasicLightingModel

		builder.context.environment = cubeMapNode( this.envNode );

	}

}

/**
 * A specific version of {@link IrradianceNode} that is only relevant
 * for {@link MeshBasicNodeMaterial}. Since the material is unlit, it
 * requires a special scaling factor for the light map.
 *
 * @augments LightingNode
 */
class BasicLightMapNode extends LightingNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'BasicLightMapNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new basic light map node.
	 *
	 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [lightMapNode=null] - The light map node.
	 */
	constructor( lightMapNode = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The light map node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 */
		this.lightMapNode = lightMapNode;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		// irradianceLightMap property is used in the indirectDiffuse() method of BasicLightingModel

		const RECIPROCAL_PI = float( 1 / Math.PI );

		builder.context.irradianceLightMap = this.lightMapNode.mul( RECIPROCAL_PI );

	}

}

/**
 * Abstract class for implementing lighting models. The module defines
 * multiple methods that concrete lighting models can implement. These
 * methods are executed at different points during the light evaluation
 * process.
 */
class LightingModel {

	/**
	 * This method is intended for setting up lighting model and context data
	 * which are later used in the evaluation process.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	start( builder ) {

		// lights ( direct )

		builder.lightsNode.setupLights( builder, builder.lightsNode.getLightNodes( builder ) );

		// indirect

		this.indirect( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is intended for executing final tasks like final updates
	 * to the outgoing light.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	finish( /*builder*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * This method is intended for implementing the direct light term and
	 * executed during the build process of directional, point and spot light nodes.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Object} lightData - The light data.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	direct( /*lightData, builder*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * This method is intended for implementing the direct light term for
	 * rect area light nodes.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Object} lightData - The light data.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	directRectArea( /*lightData, builder*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * This method is intended for implementing the indirect light term.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	indirect( /*builder*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * This method is intended for implementing the ambient occlusion term.
	 * Unlike other methods, this method must be called manually by the lighting
	 * model in its indirect term.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	ambientOcclusion( /*input, stack, builder*/ ) { }

}

/**
 * Represents the lighting model for unlit materials. The only light contribution
 * is baked indirect lighting modulated with ambient occlusion and the material's
 * diffuse color. Environment mapping is supported. Used in {@link MeshBasicNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments LightingModel
 */
class BasicLightingModel extends LightingModel {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new basic lighting model.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the baked indirect lighting with its modulation.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	indirect( { context } ) {

		const ambientOcclusion = context.ambientOcclusion;
		const reflectedLight = context.reflectedLight;
		const irradianceLightMap = context.irradianceLightMap;

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.assign( vec4( 0.0 ) );

		// accumulation (baked indirect lighting only)

		if ( irradianceLightMap ) {

			reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.addAssign( irradianceLightMap );

		} else {

			reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.addAssign( vec4( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0 ) );

		}

		// modulation

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.mulAssign( ambientOcclusion );

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.mulAssign( diffuseColor.rgb );

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the environment mapping.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	finish( builder ) {

		const { material, context } = builder;

		const outgoingLight = context.outgoingLight;
		const envNode = builder.context.environment;

		if ( envNode ) {

			switch ( material.combine ) {

				case MultiplyOperation:
					outgoingLight.rgb.assign( mix( outgoingLight.rgb, outgoingLight.rgb.mul( envNode.rgb ), materialSpecularStrength.mul( materialReflectivity ) ) );
					break;

				case MixOperation:
					outgoingLight.rgb.assign( mix( outgoingLight.rgb, envNode.rgb, materialSpecularStrength.mul( materialReflectivity ) ) );
					break;

				case AddOperation:
					outgoingLight.rgb.addAssign( envNode.rgb.mul( materialSpecularStrength.mul( materialReflectivity ) ) );
					break;

				default:
					warn( 'BasicLightingModel: Unsupported .combine value:', material.combine );
					break;

			}

		}

	}

}

const _defaultValues$9 = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshBasicMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshBasicMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class MeshBasicNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshBasicNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh basic node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshBasicNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Although the basic material is by definition unlit, we set
		 * this property to `true` since we use a lighting model to compute
		 * the outgoing light of the fragment shader.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.lights = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$9 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Basic materials are not affected by normal and bump maps so we
	 * return by default {@link normalViewGeometry}.
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The normal node.
	 */
	setupNormal() {

		return negateOnBackSide( normalViewGeometry ); // see #28839

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since this type of material uses {@link BasicEnvironmentNode}
	 * to implement the default environment mapping.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {?BasicEnvironmentNode<vec3>} The environment node.
	 */
	setupEnvironment( builder ) {

		const envNode = super.setupEnvironment( builder );

		return envNode ? new BasicEnvironmentNode( envNode ) : null;

	}

	/**
	 * This method must be overwritten since light maps are evaluated
	 * with a special scaling factor for basic materials.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {?BasicLightMapNode<vec3>} The light map node.
	 */
	setupLightMap( builder ) {

		let node = null;

		if ( builder.material.lightMap ) {

			node = new BasicLightMapNode( materialLightMap );

		}

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * The material overwrites this method because `lights` is set to `true` but
	 * we still want to return the diffuse color as the outgoing light.
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The outgoing light node.
	 */
	setupOutgoingLight() {

		return diffuseColor.rgb;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {BasicLightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel() {

		return new BasicLightingModel();

	}

}

const F_Schlick = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { f0, f90, dotVH } ) => {

	// Original approximation by Christophe Schlick '94
	// float fresnel = pow( 1.0 - dotVH, 5.0 );

	// Optimized variant (presented by Epic at SIGGRAPH '13)
	// https://cdn2.unrealengine.com/Resources/files/2013SiggraphPresentationsNotes-26915738.pdf
	const fresnel = dotVH.mul( -5.55473 ).sub( 6.98316 ).mul( dotVH ).exp2();

	return f0.mul( fresnel.oneMinus() ).add( f90.mul( fresnel ) );

} ); // validated

const BRDF_Lambert = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( inputs ) => {

	return inputs.diffuseColor.mul( 1 / Math.PI ); // punctual light

} ); // validated

const G_BlinnPhong_Implicit = () => float( 0.25 );

const D_BlinnPhong = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { dotNH } ) => {

	return shininess.mul( float( 0.5 ) ).add( 1.0 ).mul( float( 1 / Math.PI ) ).mul( dotNH.pow( shininess ) );

} );

const BRDF_BlinnPhong = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { lightDirection } ) => {

	const halfDir = lightDirection.add( positionViewDirection ).normalize();

	const dotNH = normalView.dot( halfDir ).clamp();
	const dotVH = positionViewDirection.dot( halfDir ).clamp();

	const F = F_Schlick( { f0: specularColor, f90: 1.0, dotVH } );
	const G = G_BlinnPhong_Implicit();
	const D = D_BlinnPhong( { dotNH } );

	return F.mul( G ).mul( D );

} );

/**
 * Represents the lighting model for a phong material. Used in {@link MeshPhongNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments BasicLightingModel
 */
class PhongLightingModel extends BasicLightingModel {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new phong lighting model.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [specular=true] - Whether specular is supported or not.
	 */
	constructor( specular = true ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * Whether specular is supported or not. Set this to `false` if you are
		 * looking for a Lambert-like material meaning a material for non-shiny
		 * surfaces, without specular highlights.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.specular = specular;

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the direct lighting. The specular portion is optional an can be controlled
	 * with the {@link PhongLightingModel#specular} flag.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} lightData - The light data.
	 */
	direct( { lightDirection, lightColor, reflectedLight } ) {

		const dotNL = normalView.dot( lightDirection ).clamp();
		const irradiance = dotNL.mul( lightColor );

		reflectedLight.directDiffuse.addAssign( irradiance.mul( BRDF_Lambert( { diffuseColor: diffuseColor.rgb } ) ) );

		if ( this.specular === true ) {

			reflectedLight.directSpecular.addAssign( irradiance.mul( BRDF_BlinnPhong( { lightDirection } ) ).mul( materialSpecularStrength ) );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the indirect lighting.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	indirect( builder ) {

		const { ambientOcclusion, irradiance, reflectedLight } = builder.context;

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.addAssign( irradiance.mul( BRDF_Lambert( { diffuseColor } ) ) );

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.mulAssign( ambientOcclusion );

	}

}

const _defaultValues$8 = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshLambertMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshLambertMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class MeshLambertNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshLambertNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh lambert node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshLambertNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Set to `true` because lambert materials react on lights.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.lights = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$8 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since this type of material uses {@link BasicEnvironmentNode}
	 * to implement the default environment mapping.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {?BasicEnvironmentNode<vec3>} The environment node.
	 */
	setupEnvironment( builder ) {

		const envNode = super.setupEnvironment( builder );

		return envNode ? new BasicEnvironmentNode( envNode ) : null;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {PhongLightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		return new PhongLightingModel( false ); // ( specular ) -> force lambert

	}

}

const _defaultValues$7 = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshPhongMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshPhongMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class MeshPhongNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshPhongNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh lambert node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshPhongNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Set to `true` because phong materials react on lights.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.lights = true;

		/**
		 * The shininess of phong materials is by default inferred from the `shininess`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the shininess with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the shininess but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialShininess}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.shininessNode = null;

		/**
		 * The specular color of phong materials is by default inferred from the
		 * `specular` property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the specular color with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the specular color but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialSpecular}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.specularNode = null;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$7 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since this type of material uses {@link BasicEnvironmentNode}
	 * to implement the default environment mapping.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {?BasicEnvironmentNode<vec3>} The environment node.
	 */
	setupEnvironment( builder ) {

		const envNode = super.setupEnvironment( builder );

		return envNode ? new BasicEnvironmentNode( envNode ) : null;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {PhongLightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		return new PhongLightingModel();

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the phong specific node variables.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupVariants( /*builder*/ ) {

		// SHININESS

		const shininessNode = ( this.shininessNode ? float( this.shininessNode ) : materialShininess ).max( 1e-4 ); // to prevent pow( 0.0, 0.0 )

		shininess.assign( shininessNode );

		// SPECULAR COLOR

		const specularNode = this.specularNode || materialSpecular;

		specularColor.assign( specularNode );

	}

}

const getGeometryRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( builder ) => {

	if ( builder.geometry.hasAttribute( 'normal' ) === false ) {

		return float( 0 );

	}

	const dxy = normalViewGeometry.dFdx().abs().max( normalViewGeometry.dFdy().abs() );
	const geometryRoughness = dxy.x.max( dxy.y ).max( dxy.z );

	return geometryRoughness;

} );

const getRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( inputs ) => {

	const { roughness } = inputs;

	const geometryRoughness = getGeometryRoughness();

	let roughnessFactor = roughness.max( 0.0525 ); // 0.0525 corresponds to the base mip of a 256 cubemap.
	roughnessFactor = roughnessFactor.add( geometryRoughness );
	roughnessFactor = roughnessFactor.min( 1.0 );

	return roughnessFactor;

} );

// Moving Frostbite to Physically Based Rendering 3.0 - page 12, listing 2
// https://seblagarde.files.wordpress.com/2015/07/course_notes_moving_frostbite_to_pbr_v32.pdf
const V_GGX_SmithCorrelated = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { alpha, dotNL, dotNV } ) => {

	const a2 = alpha.pow2();

	const gv = dotNL.mul( a2.add( a2.oneMinus().mul( dotNV.pow2() ) ).sqrt() );
	const gl = dotNV.mul( a2.add( a2.oneMinus().mul( dotNL.pow2() ) ).sqrt() );

	return div( 0.5, gv.add( gl ).max( EPSILON ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'V_GGX_SmithCorrelated',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'alpha', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'dotNL', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'dotNV', type: 'float' }
	]
} ); // validated

// https://google.github.io/filament/Filament.md.html#materialsystem/anisotropicmodel/anisotropicspecularbrdf

const V_GGX_SmithCorrelated_Anisotropic = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { alphaT, alphaB, dotTV, dotBV, dotTL, dotBL, dotNV, dotNL } ) => {

	const gv = dotNL.mul( vec3( alphaT.mul( dotTV ), alphaB.mul( dotBV ), dotNV ).length() );
	const gl = dotNV.mul( vec3( alphaT.mul( dotTL ), alphaB.mul( dotBL ), dotNL ).length() );

	return div( 0.5, gv.add( gl ).max( EPSILON ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'V_GGX_SmithCorrelated_Anisotropic',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'alphaT', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'alphaB', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotTV', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotBV', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotTL', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotBL', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotNV', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotNL', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' }
	]
} );

// Microfacet Models for Refraction through Rough Surfaces - equation (33)
// http://graphicrants.blogspot.com/2013/08/specular-brdf-reference.html
// alpha is "roughness squared" in Disney’s reparameterization
const D_GGX = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { alpha, dotNH } ) => {

	const a2 = alpha.pow2();

	const denom = dotNH.pow2().mul( a2.oneMinus() ).oneMinus(); // avoid alpha = 0 with dotNH = 1

	return a2.div( denom.pow2() ).mul( 1 / Math.PI );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'D_GGX',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'alpha', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'dotNH', type: 'float' }
	]
} ); // validated

const RECIPROCAL_PI = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 1 / Math.PI );

// https://google.github.io/filament/Filament.md.html#materialsystem/anisotropicmodel/anisotropicspecularbrdf

const D_GGX_Anisotropic = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { alphaT, alphaB, dotNH, dotTH, dotBH } ) => {

	const a2 = alphaT.mul( alphaB );
	const v = vec3( alphaB.mul( dotTH ), alphaT.mul( dotBH ), a2.mul( dotNH ) );
	const v2 = v.dot( v );
	const w2 = a2.div( v2 );

	return RECIPROCAL_PI.mul( a2.mul( w2.pow2() ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'D_GGX_Anisotropic',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'alphaT', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'alphaB', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotNH', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotTH', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' },
		{ name: 'dotBH', type: 'float', qualifier: 'in' }
	]
} );

// GGX Distribution, Schlick Fresnel, GGX_SmithCorrelated Visibility
const BRDF_GGX = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { lightDirection, f0, f90, roughness, f, normalView: normalView$1 = normalView, viewDirection = positionViewDirection, USE_IRIDESCENCE, USE_ANISOTROPY } ) => {

	const alpha = roughness.pow2(); // UE4's roughness

	const halfDir = lightDirection.add( viewDirection ).normalize();

	const dotNL = normalView$1.dot( lightDirection ).clamp();
	const dotNV = normalView$1.dot( viewDirection ).clamp(); // @ TODO: Move to core dotNV
	const dotNH = normalView$1.dot( halfDir ).clamp();
	const dotVH = viewDirection.dot( halfDir ).clamp();

	let F = F_Schlick( { f0, f90, dotVH } );
	let V, D;

	if ( defined( USE_IRIDESCENCE ) ) {

		F = iridescence.mix( F, f );

	}

	if ( defined( USE_ANISOTROPY ) ) {

		const dotTL = anisotropyT.dot( lightDirection );
		const dotTV = anisotropyT.dot( viewDirection );
		const dotTH = anisotropyT.dot( halfDir );
		const dotBL = anisotropyB.dot( lightDirection );
		const dotBV = anisotropyB.dot( viewDirection );
		const dotBH = anisotropyB.dot( halfDir );

		V = V_GGX_SmithCorrelated_Anisotropic( { alphaT, alphaB: alpha, dotTV, dotBV, dotTL, dotBL, dotNV, dotNL } );
		D = D_GGX_Anisotropic( { alphaT, alphaB: alpha, dotNH, dotTH, dotBH } );

	} else {

		V = V_GGX_SmithCorrelated( { alpha, dotNL, dotNV } );
		D = D_GGX( { alpha, dotNH } );

	}

	return F.mul( V ).mul( D );

} ); // validated

/**
 * Precomputed DFG LUT for physically based specular lighting, used by both
 * image-based lighting and direct-light multi-scattering energy compensation
 * Resolution: 16x16
 * Samples: 4096 per texel
 * Format: RG16F (2 half floats per texel: scale, bias)
 */

const DATA = new Uint16Array( [
	0x30b5, 0x3ad1, 0x314c, 0x3a4d, 0x33d2, 0x391c, 0x35ef, 0x3828, 0x37f3, 0x36a6, 0x38d1, 0x3539, 0x3979, 0x3410, 0x39f8, 0x3252, 0x3a53, 0x30f0, 0x3a94, 0x2fc9, 0x3abf, 0x2e35, 0x3ada, 0x2d05, 0x3ae8, 0x2c1f, 0x3aed, 0x2ae0, 0x3aea, 0x29d1, 0x3ae1, 0x28ff,
	0x3638, 0x38e4, 0x364a, 0x38ce, 0x3699, 0x385e, 0x374e, 0x372c, 0x3839, 0x35a4, 0x38dc, 0x3462, 0x396e, 0x32c4, 0x39de, 0x3134, 0x3a2b, 0x3003, 0x3a59, 0x2e3a, 0x3a6d, 0x2ce1, 0x3a6e, 0x2bba, 0x3a5f, 0x2a33, 0x3a49, 0x290a, 0x3a2d, 0x2826, 0x3a0a, 0x26e8,
	0x3894, 0x36d7, 0x3897, 0x36c9, 0x38a3, 0x3675, 0x38bc, 0x35ac, 0x38ee, 0x349c, 0x393e, 0x3332, 0x3997, 0x3186, 0x39e2, 0x3038, 0x3a13, 0x2e75, 0x3a29, 0x2cf5, 0x3a2d, 0x2bac, 0x3a21, 0x29ff, 0x3a04, 0x28bc, 0x39dc, 0x2790, 0x39ad, 0x261a, 0x3978, 0x24fa,
	0x39ac, 0x34a8, 0x39ac, 0x34a3, 0x39ae, 0x3480, 0x39ae, 0x3423, 0x39b1, 0x330e, 0x39c2, 0x31a9, 0x39e0, 0x3063, 0x39fc, 0x2eb5, 0x3a0c, 0x2d1d, 0x3a14, 0x2bcf, 0x3a07, 0x29ff, 0x39e9, 0x28a3, 0x39be, 0x273c, 0x3989, 0x25b3, 0x394a, 0x2488, 0x3907, 0x2345,
	0x3a77, 0x3223, 0x3a76, 0x321f, 0x3a73, 0x3204, 0x3a6a, 0x31b3, 0x3a58, 0x3114, 0x3a45, 0x303b, 0x3a34, 0x2eb6, 0x3a26, 0x2d31, 0x3a1e, 0x2bef, 0x3a0b, 0x2a0d, 0x39ec, 0x28a1, 0x39c0, 0x271b, 0x3987, 0x2580, 0x3944, 0x2449, 0x38fa, 0x22bd, 0x38ac, 0x2155,
	0x3b07, 0x2fca, 0x3b06, 0x2fca, 0x3b00, 0x2fb8, 0x3af4, 0x2f7c, 0x3adb, 0x2eea, 0x3ab4, 0x2e00, 0x3a85, 0x2cec, 0x3a5e, 0x2bc5, 0x3a36, 0x2a00, 0x3a0d, 0x2899, 0x39dc, 0x2707, 0x39a0, 0x2562, 0x395a, 0x2424, 0x390b, 0x2268, 0x38b7, 0x20fd, 0x385f, 0x1fd1,
	0x3b69, 0x2cb9, 0x3b68, 0x2cbb, 0x3b62, 0x2cbb, 0x3b56, 0x2cae, 0x3b3b, 0x2c78, 0x3b0d, 0x2c0a, 0x3acf, 0x2ae3, 0x3a92, 0x2998, 0x3a54, 0x2867, 0x3a17, 0x26d0, 0x39d3, 0x253c, 0x3989, 0x2402, 0x3935, 0x2226, 0x38dc, 0x20bd, 0x387d, 0x1f54, 0x381d, 0x1db3,
	0x3ba9, 0x296b, 0x3ba8, 0x296f, 0x3ba3, 0x297b, 0x3b98, 0x2987, 0x3b7f, 0x2976, 0x3b4e, 0x2927, 0x3b0e, 0x2895, 0x3ac2, 0x27b7, 0x3a73, 0x263b, 0x3a23, 0x24e7, 0x39d0, 0x239b, 0x3976, 0x21d9, 0x3917, 0x207e, 0x38b2, 0x1ee7, 0x384b, 0x1d53, 0x37c7, 0x1c1e,
	0x3bd2, 0x25cb, 0x3bd1, 0x25d3, 0x3bcd, 0x25f0, 0x3bc2, 0x261f, 0x3bad, 0x2645, 0x3b7d, 0x262d, 0x3b3e, 0x25c4, 0x3aec, 0x250f, 0x3a93, 0x243a, 0x3a32, 0x22ce, 0x39d0, 0x215b, 0x3969, 0x202a, 0x38fe, 0x1e6e, 0x388f, 0x1cf1, 0x381f, 0x1b9b, 0x3762, 0x19dd,
	0x3be9, 0x21ab, 0x3be9, 0x21b7, 0x3be5, 0x21e5, 0x3bdd, 0x2241, 0x3bc9, 0x22a7, 0x3ba0, 0x22ec, 0x3b62, 0x22cd, 0x3b0f, 0x2247, 0x3aae, 0x2175, 0x3a44, 0x2088, 0x39d4, 0x1f49, 0x3960, 0x1dbe, 0x38e9, 0x1c77, 0x3870, 0x1ae8, 0x37f1, 0x1953, 0x3708, 0x181b,
	0x3bf6, 0x1cea, 0x3bf6, 0x1cfb, 0x3bf3, 0x1d38, 0x3bec, 0x1dbd, 0x3bda, 0x1e7c, 0x3bb7, 0x1f25, 0x3b7d, 0x1f79, 0x3b2c, 0x1f4c, 0x3ac6, 0x1ea6, 0x3a55, 0x1dbb, 0x39da, 0x1cbd, 0x395a, 0x1b9d, 0x38d8, 0x1a00, 0x3855, 0x18ac, 0x37ab, 0x173c, 0x36b7, 0x1598,
	0x3bfc, 0x1736, 0x3bfc, 0x1759, 0x3bf9, 0x17e7, 0x3bf4, 0x1896, 0x3be4, 0x1997, 0x3bc6, 0x1aa8, 0x3b91, 0x1b84, 0x3b43, 0x1bd2, 0x3ade, 0x1b8a, 0x3a65, 0x1acd, 0x39e2, 0x19d3, 0x3957, 0x18cd, 0x38ca, 0x17b3, 0x383e, 0x1613, 0x376d, 0x14bf, 0x366f, 0x135e,
	0x3bff, 0x101b, 0x3bff, 0x1039, 0x3bfc, 0x10c8, 0x3bf9, 0x1226, 0x3bea, 0x1428, 0x3bcf, 0x1584, 0x3b9f, 0x16c5, 0x3b54, 0x179a, 0x3af0, 0x17ce, 0x3a76, 0x1771, 0x39ea, 0x16a4, 0x3956, 0x15a7, 0x38bf, 0x14a7, 0x3829, 0x1379, 0x3735, 0x11ea, 0x362d, 0x10a1,
	0x3c00, 0x061b, 0x3c00, 0x066a, 0x3bfe, 0x081c, 0x3bfa, 0x0a4c, 0x3bed, 0x0d16, 0x3bd5, 0x0fb3, 0x3ba9, 0x114d, 0x3b63, 0x127c, 0x3b01, 0x132f, 0x3a85, 0x1344, 0x39f4, 0x12d2, 0x3957, 0x120d, 0x38b5, 0x1122, 0x3817, 0x103c, 0x3703, 0x0ed3, 0x35f0, 0x0d6d,
	0x3c00, 0x007a, 0x3c00, 0x0089, 0x3bfe, 0x011d, 0x3bfb, 0x027c, 0x3bf0, 0x04fa, 0x3bda, 0x0881, 0x3bb1, 0x0acd, 0x3b6f, 0x0c97, 0x3b10, 0x0d7b, 0x3a93, 0x0df1, 0x39fe, 0x0def, 0x3959, 0x0d8a, 0x38af, 0x0ce9, 0x3808, 0x0c31, 0x36d5, 0x0af0, 0x35b9, 0x09a3,
	0x3c00, 0x0000, 0x3c00, 0x0001, 0x3bff, 0x0015, 0x3bfb, 0x0059, 0x3bf2, 0x00fd, 0x3bdd, 0x01df, 0x3bb7, 0x031c, 0x3b79, 0x047c, 0x3b1d, 0x05d4, 0x3aa0, 0x06d5, 0x3a08, 0x075a, 0x395d, 0x075e, 0x38aa, 0x06f7, 0x37f4, 0x0648, 0x36ac, 0x0576, 0x3586, 0x049f
] );

let lut = null;

const DFGLUT = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { roughness, dotNV } ) => {

	if ( lut === null ) {

		lut = new DataTexture( DATA, 16, 16, RGFormat, HalfFloatType );
		lut.name = 'DFG_LUT';
		lut.minFilter = LinearFilter;
		lut.magFilter = LinearFilter;
		lut.wrapS = ClampToEdgeWrapping;
		lut.wrapT = ClampToEdgeWrapping;
		lut.generateMipmaps = false;
		lut.needsUpdate = true;

	}

	const uv = vec2( roughness, dotNV );

	return texture( lut, uv ).rg;

} );

const EnvironmentBRDF = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( inputs ) => {

	const { dotNV, specularColor, specularF90, roughness } = inputs;

	const fab = DFGLUT( { dotNV, roughness } );
	return specularColor.mul( fab.x ).add( specularF90.mul( fab.y ) );

} );

const Schlick_to_F0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { f, f90, dotVH } ) => {

	const x = dotVH.oneMinus().saturate();
	const x2 = x.mul( x );
	const x5 = x.mul( x2, x2 ).clamp( 0, .9999 );

	return f.sub( vec3( f90 ).mul( x5 ) ).div( x5.oneMinus() );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'Schlick_to_F0',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'f', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'f90', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'dotVH', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

// https://github.com/google/filament/blob/master/shaders/src/brdf.fs
const D_Charlie = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { roughness, dotNH } ) => {

	const alpha = roughness.pow2();

	// Estevez and Kulla 2017, "Production Friendly Microfacet Sheen BRDF"
	const invAlpha = float( 1.0 ).div( alpha );
	const cos2h = dotNH.pow2();
	const sin2h = cos2h.oneMinus().max( 0.0078125 ); // 2^(-14/2), so sin2h^2 > 0 in fp16

	return float( 2.0 ).add( invAlpha ).mul( sin2h.pow( invAlpha.mul( 0.5 ) ) ).div( 2.0 * Math.PI );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'D_Charlie',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'roughness', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'dotNH', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

// https://github.com/google/filament/blob/master/shaders/src/brdf.fs
const V_Neubelt = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { dotNV, dotNL } ) => {

	// Neubelt and Pettineo 2013, "Crafting a Next-gen Material Pipeline for The Order: 1886"
	return float( 1.0 ).div( float( 4.0 ).mul( dotNL.add( dotNV ).sub( dotNL.mul( dotNV ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'V_Neubelt',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'dotNV', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'dotNL', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const BRDF_Sheen = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { lightDirection } ) => {

	const halfDir = lightDirection.add( positionViewDirection ).normalize();

	const dotNL = normalView.dot( lightDirection ).clamp();
	const dotNV = normalView.dot( positionViewDirection ).clamp();
	const dotNH = normalView.dot( halfDir ).clamp();

	const D = D_Charlie( { roughness: sheenRoughness, dotNH } );
	const V = V_Neubelt( { dotNV, dotNL } );

	return sheen.mul( D ).mul( V );

} );

// Rect Area Light

// Real-Time Polygonal-Light Shading with Linearly Transformed Cosines
// by Eric Heitz, Jonathan Dupuy, Stephen Hill and David Neubelt
// code: https://github.com/selfshadow/ltc_code/

const LTC_Uv = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { N, V, roughness } ) => {

	const LUT_SIZE = 64.0;
	const LUT_SCALE = ( LUT_SIZE - 1.0 ) / LUT_SIZE;
	const LUT_BIAS = 0.5 / LUT_SIZE;

	const dotNV = N.dot( V ).saturate();

	// texture parameterized by sqrt( GGX alpha ) and sqrt( 1 - cos( theta ) )
	const uv = vec2( roughness, dotNV.oneMinus().sqrt() );

	uv.assign( uv.mul( LUT_SCALE ).add( LUT_BIAS ) );

	return uv;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'LTC_Uv',
	type: 'vec2',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'N', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'V', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'roughness', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const LTC_ClippedSphereFormFactor = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { f } ) => {

	// Real-Time Area Lighting: a Journey from Research to Production (p.102)
	// An approximation of the form factor of a horizon-clipped rectangle.

	const l = f.length();

	return max$1( l.mul( l ).add( f.z ).div( l.add( 1.0 ) ), 0 );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'LTC_ClippedSphereFormFactor',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'f', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { v1, v2 } ) => {

	const x = v1.dot( v2 );
	const y = x.abs().toVar();

	// rational polynomial approximation to theta / sin( theta ) / 2PI
	const a = y.mul( 0.0145206 ).add( 0.4965155 ).mul( y ).add( 0.8543985 ).toVar();
	const b = y.add( 4.1616724 ).mul( y ).add( 3.4175940 ).toVar();
	const v = a.div( b );

	const theta_sintheta = x.greaterThan( 0.0 ).select( v, max$1( x.mul( x ).oneMinus(), 1e-7 ).inverseSqrt().mul( 0.5 ).sub( v ) );

	return v1.cross( v2 ).mul( theta_sintheta );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v1', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v2', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const LTC_Evaluate = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { N, V, P, mInv, p0, p1, p2, p3 } ) => {

	// bail if point is on back side of plane of light
	// assumes ccw winding order of light vertices
	const v1 = p1.sub( p0 ).toVar();
	const v2 = p3.sub( p0 ).toVar();

	const lightNormal = v1.cross( v2 );
	const result = vec3().toVar();

	If( lightNormal.dot( P.sub( p0 ) ).greaterThanEqual( 0.0 ), () => {

		// construct orthonormal basis around N
		const T1 = V.sub( N.mul( V.dot( N ) ) ).normalize();
		const T2 = N.cross( T1 ).negate(); // negated from paper; possibly due to a different handedness of world coordinate system

		// compute transform
		const mat = mInv.mul( mat3( T1, T2, N ).transpose() ).toVar();

		// transform rect
		// & project rect onto sphere
		const coords0 = mat.mul( p0.sub( P ) ).normalize().toVar();
		const coords1 = mat.mul( p1.sub( P ) ).normalize().toVar();
		const coords2 = mat.mul( p2.sub( P ) ).normalize().toVar();
		const coords3 = mat.mul( p3.sub( P ) ).normalize().toVar();

		// calculate vector form factor
		const vectorFormFactor = vec3( 0 ).toVar();
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords0, v2: coords1 } ) );
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords1, v2: coords2 } ) );
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords2, v2: coords3 } ) );
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords3, v2: coords0 } ) );

		// adjust for horizon clipping
		result.assign( vec3( LTC_ClippedSphereFormFactor( { f: vectorFormFactor } ) ) );

	} );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'LTC_Evaluate',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'N', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'V', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'P', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'mInv', type: 'mat3' },
		{ name: 'p0', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'p1', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'p2', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'p3', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const LTC_Evaluate_Volume = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { P, p0, p1, p2, p3 } ) => {

	// bail if point is on back side of plane of light
	// assumes ccw winding order of light vertices
	const v1 = p1.sub( p0 ).toVar();
	const v2 = p3.sub( p0 ).toVar();

	const lightNormal = v1.cross( v2 );
	const result = vec3().toVar();

	If( lightNormal.dot( P.sub( p0 ) ).greaterThanEqual( 0.0 ), () => {

		// transform rect
		// & project rect onto sphere
		const coords0 = p0.sub( P ).normalize().toVar();
		const coords1 = p1.sub( P ).normalize().toVar();
		const coords2 = p2.sub( P ).normalize().toVar();
		const coords3 = p3.sub( P ).normalize().toVar();

		// calculate vector form factor
		const vectorFormFactor = vec3( 0 ).toVar();
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords0, v2: coords1 } ) );
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords1, v2: coords2 } ) );
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords2, v2: coords3 } ) );
		vectorFormFactor.addAssign( LTC_EdgeVectorFormFactor( { v1: coords3, v2: coords0 } ) );

		// adjust for horizon clipping
		result.assign( vec3( LTC_ClippedSphereFormFactor( { f: vectorFormFactor.abs() } ) ) );

	} );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'LTC_Evaluate',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'P', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'p0', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'p1', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'p2', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'p3', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

// Mipped Bicubic Texture Filtering by N8
// https://www.shadertoy.com/view/Dl2SDW

const bC = 1.0 / 6.0;

const w0 = ( a ) => mul( bC, mul( a, mul( a, a.negate().add( 3.0 ) ).sub( 3.0 ) ).add( 1.0 ) );

const w1 = ( a ) => mul( bC, mul( a, mul( a, mul( 3.0, a ).sub( 6.0 ) ) ).add( 4.0 ) );

const w2 = ( a ) => mul( bC, mul( a, mul( a, mul( -3, a ).add( 3.0 ) ).add( 3.0 ) ).add( 1.0 ) );

const w3 = ( a ) => mul( bC, pow( a, 3 ) );

const g0 = ( a ) => w0( a ).add( w1( a ) );

const g1 = ( a ) => w2( a ).add( w3( a ) );

// h0 and h1 are the two offset functions
const h0 = ( a ) => add( -1, w1( a ).div( w0( a ).add( w1( a ) ) ) );

const h1 = ( a ) => add( 1.0, w3( a ).div( w2( a ).add( w3( a ) ) ) );

const bicubic = ( textureNode, texelSize, lod ) => {

	const uv = textureNode.uvNode;
	const uvScaled = mul( uv, texelSize.zw ).add( 0.5 );

	const iuv = floor( uvScaled );
	const fuv = fract( uvScaled );

	const g0x = g0( fuv.x );
	const g1x = g1( fuv.x );
	const h0x = h0( fuv.x );
	const h1x = h1( fuv.x );
	const h0y = h0( fuv.y );
	const h1y = h1( fuv.y );

	const p0 = vec2( iuv.x.add( h0x ), iuv.y.add( h0y ) ).sub( 0.5 ).mul( texelSize.xy );
	const p1 = vec2( iuv.x.add( h1x ), iuv.y.add( h0y ) ).sub( 0.5 ).mul( texelSize.xy );
	const p2 = vec2( iuv.x.add( h0x ), iuv.y.add( h1y ) ).sub( 0.5 ).mul( texelSize.xy );
	const p3 = vec2( iuv.x.add( h1x ), iuv.y.add( h1y ) ).sub( 0.5 ).mul( texelSize.xy );

	const a = g0( fuv.y ).mul( add( g0x.mul( textureNode.sample( p0 ).level( lod ) ), g1x.mul( textureNode.sample( p1 ).level( lod ) ) ) );
	const b = g1( fuv.y ).mul( add( g0x.mul( textureNode.sample( p2 ).level( lod ) ), g1x.mul( textureNode.sample( p3 ).level( lod ) ) ) );

	return a.add( b );

};

/**
 * Applies mipped bicubic texture filtering to the given texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node that should be filtered.
 * @param {Node<float>} lodNode - Defines the LOD to sample from.
 * @return {Node} The filtered texture sample.
 */
const textureBicubicLevel = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ textureNode, lodNode ] ) => {

	const fLodSize = vec2( textureNode.size( int( lodNode ) ) );
	const cLodSize = vec2( textureNode.size( int( lodNode.add( 1.0 ) ) ) );
	const fLodSizeInv = div( 1.0, fLodSize );
	const cLodSizeInv = div( 1.0, cLodSize );
	const fSample = bicubic( textureNode, vec4( fLodSizeInv, fLodSize ), floor( lodNode ) );
	const cSample = bicubic( textureNode, vec4( cLodSizeInv, cLodSize ), ceil( lodNode ) );

	return fract( lodNode ).mix( fSample, cSample );

} );

/**
 * Applies mipped bicubic texture filtering to the given texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node that should be filtered.
 * @param {Node<float>} [strength] - Defines the strength of the bicubic filtering.
 * @return {Node} The filtered texture sample.
 */
const textureBicubic = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ textureNode, strength ] ) => {

	const lod = strength.mul( maxMipLevel( textureNode ) );

	return textureBicubicLevel( textureNode, lod );

} );

//
// Transmission
//

const getVolumeTransmissionRay = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ n, v, thickness, ior, modelMatrix ] ) => {

	// Direction of refracted light.
	const refractionVector = vec3( refract( v.negate(), normalize( n ), div( 1.0, ior ) ) );

	// Compute rotation-independent scaling of the model matrix.
	const modelScale = vec3(
		length( modelMatrix[ 0 ].xyz ),
		length( modelMatrix[ 1 ].xyz ),
		length( modelMatrix[ 2 ].xyz )
	);

	// The thickness is specified in local space.
	return normalize( refractionVector ).mul( thickness.mul( modelScale ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'getVolumeTransmissionRay',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'n', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'thickness', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'ior', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'modelMatrix', type: 'mat4' }
	]
} );

const applyIorToRoughness = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ roughness, ior ] ) => {

	// Scale roughness with IOR so that an IOR of 1.0 results in no microfacet refraction and
	// an IOR of 1.5 results in the default amount of microfacet refraction.
	return roughness.mul( clamp( ior.mul( 2.0 ).sub( 2.0 ), 0.0, 1.0 ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'applyIorToRoughness',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'roughness', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'ior', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const viewportBackSideTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ viewportMipTexture();
const viewportFrontSideTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ viewportOpaqueMipTexture();

const getTransmissionSample = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ fragCoord, roughness, ior ], { material } ) => {

	const vTexture = material.side === BackSide ? viewportBackSideTexture : viewportFrontSideTexture;

	const transmissionSample = vTexture.sample( fragCoord );
	//const transmissionSample = viewportMipTexture( fragCoord );

	const lod = log2( screenSize.x ).mul( applyIorToRoughness( roughness, ior ) );

	return textureBicubicLevel( transmissionSample, lod );

} );

const volumeAttenuation = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ transmissionDistance, attenuationColor, attenuationDistance ] ) => {

	If( attenuationDistance.notEqual( 0 ), () => {

		// Compute light attenuation using Beer's law.
		const attenuationCoefficient = log( attenuationColor ).negate().div( attenuationDistance );
		const transmittance = exp( attenuationCoefficient.negate().mul( transmissionDistance ) );

		return transmittance;

	} );

	// Attenuation distance is +∞, i.e. the transmitted color is not attenuated at all.
	return vec3( 1.0 );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'volumeAttenuation',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'transmissionDistance', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'attenuationColor', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'attenuationDistance', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const getIBLVolumeRefraction = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ n, v, roughness, diffuseColor, specularColor, specularF90, position, modelMatrix, viewMatrix, projMatrix, ior, thickness, attenuationColor, attenuationDistance, dispersion ] ) => {

	let transmittedLight, transmittance;

	if ( dispersion ) {

		transmittedLight = vec4().toVar();
		transmittance = vec3().toVar();

		const halfSpread = ior.sub( 1.0 ).mul( dispersion.mul( 0.025 ) );
		const iors = vec3( ior.sub( halfSpread ), ior, ior.add( halfSpread ) );

		Loop( { start: 0, end: 3 }, ( { i } ) => {

			const ior = iors.element( i );

			const transmissionRay = getVolumeTransmissionRay( n, v, thickness, ior, modelMatrix );
			const refractedRayExit = position.add( transmissionRay );

			// Project refracted vector on the framebuffer, while mapping to normalized device coordinates.
			const ndcPos = projMatrix.mul( viewMatrix.mul( vec4( refractedRayExit, 1.0 ) ) );
			const refractionCoords = vec2( ndcPos.xy.div( ndcPos.w ) ).toVar();
			refractionCoords.addAssign( 1.0 );
			refractionCoords.divAssign( 2.0 );
			refractionCoords.assign( vec2( refractionCoords.x, refractionCoords.y.oneMinus() ) ); // webgpu

			// Sample framebuffer to get pixel the refracted ray hits.
			const transmissionSample = getTransmissionSample( refractionCoords, roughness, ior );

			transmittedLight.element( i ).assign( transmissionSample.element( i ) );
			transmittedLight.a.addAssign( transmissionSample.a );

			transmittance.element( i ).assign( diffuseColor.element( i ).mul( volumeAttenuation( length( transmissionRay ), attenuationColor, attenuationDistance ).element( i ) ) );

		} );

		transmittedLight.a.divAssign( 3.0 );

	} else {

		const transmissionRay = getVolumeTransmissionRay( n, v, thickness, ior, modelMatrix );
		const refractedRayExit = position.add( transmissionRay );

		// Project refracted vector on the framebuffer, while mapping to normalized device coordinates.
		const ndcPos = projMatrix.mul( viewMatrix.mul( vec4( refractedRayExit, 1.0 ) ) );
		const refractionCoords = vec2( ndcPos.xy.div( ndcPos.w ) ).toVar();
		refractionCoords.addAssign( 1.0 );
		refractionCoords.divAssign( 2.0 );
		refractionCoords.assign( vec2( refractionCoords.x, refractionCoords.y.oneMinus() ) ); // webgpu

		// Sample framebuffer to get pixel the refracted ray hits.
		transmittedLight = getTransmissionSample( refractionCoords, roughness, ior );
		transmittance = diffuseColor.mul( volumeAttenuation( length( transmissionRay ), attenuationColor, attenuationDistance ) );

	}

	const attenuatedColor = transmittance.rgb.mul( transmittedLight.rgb );
	const dotNV = n.dot( v ).clamp();

	// Get the specular component.
	const F = vec3( EnvironmentBRDF( { // n, v, specularColor, specularF90, roughness
		dotNV,
		specularColor,
		specularF90,
		roughness
	} ) );

	// As less light is transmitted, the opacity should be increased. This simple approximation does a decent job
	// of modulating a CSS background, and has no effect when the buffer is opaque, due to a solid object or clear color.
	const transmittanceFactor = transmittance.r.add( transmittance.g, transmittance.b ).div( 3.0 );

	return vec4( F.oneMinus().mul( attenuatedColor ), transmittedLight.a.oneMinus().mul( transmittanceFactor ).oneMinus() );

} );

//
// Iridescence
//

// XYZ to linear-sRGB color space
const XYZ_TO_REC709 = /*@__PURE__*/ mat3(
	3.2404542, -1.5371385, -0.4985314,
	-0.969266, 1.8760108, 0.0415560,
	0.0556434, -0.2040259, 1.0572252
);

// Assume air interface for top
// Note: We don't handle the case fresnel0 == 1
const Fresnel0ToIor = ( fresnel0 ) => {

	const sqrtF0 = fresnel0.sqrt();
	return vec3( 1.0 ).add( sqrtF0 ).div( vec3( 1.0 ).sub( sqrtF0 ) );

};

// ior is a value between 1.0 and 3.0. 1.0 is air interface
const IorToFresnel0 = ( transmittedIor, incidentIor ) => {

	return transmittedIor.sub( incidentIor ).div( transmittedIor.add( incidentIor ) ).pow2();

};

// Fresnel equations for dielectric/dielectric interfaces.
// Ref: https://belcour.github.io/blog/research/2017/05/01/brdf-thin-film.html
// Evaluation XYZ sensitivity curves in Fourier space
const evalSensitivity = ( OPD, shift ) => {

	const phase = OPD.mul( 2.0 * Math.PI * 1.0e-9 );
	const val = vec3( 5.4856e-13, 4.4201e-13, 5.2481e-13 );
	const pos = vec3( 1.6810e+06, 1.7953e+06, 2.2084e+06 );
	const VAR = vec3( 4.3278e+09, 9.3046e+09, 6.6121e+09 );

	const x = float( 9.7470e-14 * Math.sqrt( 2.0 * Math.PI * 4.5282e+09 ) ).mul( phase.mul( 2.2399e+06 ).add( shift.x ).cos() ).mul( phase.pow2().mul( -45282e5 ).exp() );

	let xyz = val.mul( VAR.mul( 2.0 * Math.PI ).sqrt() ).mul( pos.mul( phase ).add( shift ).cos() ).mul( phase.pow2().negate().mul( VAR ).exp() );
	xyz = vec3( xyz.x.add( x ), xyz.y, xyz.z ).div( 1.0685e-7 );

	const rgb = XYZ_TO_REC709.mul( xyz );

	return rgb;

};

const evalIridescence = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { outsideIOR, eta2, cosTheta1, thinFilmThickness, baseF0 } ) => {

	// Force iridescenceIOR -> outsideIOR when thinFilmThickness -> 0.0
	const iridescenceIOR = mix( outsideIOR, eta2, smoothstep( 0.0, 0.03, thinFilmThickness ) );
	// Evaluate the cosTheta on the base layer (Snell law)
	const sinTheta2Sq = outsideIOR.div( iridescenceIOR ).pow2().mul( cosTheta1.pow2().oneMinus() );

	// Handle TIR:
	const cosTheta2Sq = sinTheta2Sq.oneMinus();

	If( cosTheta2Sq.lessThan( 0 ), () => {

		return vec3( 1.0 );

	} );

	const cosTheta2 = cosTheta2Sq.sqrt();

	// First interface
	const R0 = IorToFresnel0( iridescenceIOR, outsideIOR );
	const R12 = F_Schlick( { f0: R0, f90: 1.0, dotVH: cosTheta1 } );
	//const R21 = R12;
	const T121 = R12.oneMinus();
	const phi12 = iridescenceIOR.lessThan( outsideIOR ).select( Math.PI, 0.0 );
	const phi21 = float( Math.PI ).sub( phi12 );

	// Second interface
	const baseIOR = Fresnel0ToIor( baseF0.clamp( 0.0, 0.9999 ) ); // guard against 1.0
	const R1 = IorToFresnel0( baseIOR, iridescenceIOR.toVec3() );
	const R23 = F_Schlick( { f0: R1, f90: 1.0, dotVH: cosTheta2 } );
	const phi23 = vec3(
		baseIOR.x.lessThan( iridescenceIOR ).select( Math.PI, 0.0 ),
		baseIOR.y.lessThan( iridescenceIOR ).select( Math.PI, 0.0 ),
		baseIOR.z.lessThan( iridescenceIOR ).select( Math.PI, 0.0 )
	);

	// Phase shift
	const OPD = iridescenceIOR.mul( thinFilmThickness, cosTheta2, 2.0 );
	const phi = vec3( phi21 ).add( phi23 );

	// Compound terms
	const R123 = R12.mul( R23 ).clamp( 1e-5, 0.9999 );
	const r123 = R123.sqrt();
	const Rs = T121.pow2().mul( R23 ).div( vec3( 1.0 ).sub( R123 ) );

	// Reflectance term for m = 0 (DC term amplitude)
	const C0 = R12.add( Rs );
	const I = C0.toVar();

	// Reflectance term for m > 0 (pairs of diracs)
	const Cm = Rs.sub( T121 ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: 1, end: 2, condition: '<=', name: 'm' }, ( { m } ) => {

		Cm.mulAssign( r123 );
		const Sm = evalSensitivity( float( m ).mul( OPD ), float( m ).mul( phi ) ).mul( 2.0 );
		I.addAssign( Cm.mul( Sm ) );

	} );

	// Since out of gamut colors might be produced, negative color values are clamped to 0.
	return I.max( vec3( 0.0 ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'evalIridescence',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'outsideIOR', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'eta2', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'cosTheta1', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'thinFilmThickness', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'baseF0', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

//
//	Sheen
//

// This is a curve-fit approximation to the "Charlie sheen" BRDF integrated over the hemisphere from
// Estevez and Kulla 2017, "Production Friendly Microfacet Sheen BRDF".
const IBLSheenBRDF = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { normal, viewDir, roughness } ) => {

	const dotNV = normal.dot( viewDir ).saturate();
	const r2 = roughness.mul( roughness );
	const rInv = roughness.add( 0.1 ).reciprocal();

	const a = float( -1.9362 ).add( roughness.mul( 1.0678 ) ).add( r2.mul( 0.4573 ) ).sub( rInv.mul( 0.8469 ) );
	const b = float( -0.6014 ).add( roughness.mul( 0.5538 ) ).sub( r2.mul( 0.4670 ) ).sub( rInv.mul( 0.1255 ) );

	const DG = a.mul( dotNV ).add( b ).exp();

	return DG.saturate();

} );

const clearcoatF0 = vec3( 0.04 );
const clearcoatF90 = float( 1 );


/**
 * Represents the lighting model for a PBR material.
 *
 * @augments LightingModel
 */
class PhysicalLightingModel extends LightingModel {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new physical lighting model.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [clearcoat=false] - Whether clearcoat is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [sheen=false] - Whether sheen is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [iridescence=false] - Whether iridescence is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [anisotropy=false] - Whether anisotropy is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [transmission=false] - Whether transmission is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [dispersion=false] - Whether dispersion is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [retroreflective=false] - Whether retroreflection is supported or not.
	 */
	constructor( clearcoat = false, sheen = false, iridescence = false, anisotropy = false, transmission = false, dispersion = false, retroreflective = false ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * Whether clearcoat is supported or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.clearcoat = clearcoat;

		/**
		 * Whether sheen is supported or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.sheen = sheen;

		/**
		 * Whether iridescence is supported or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.iridescence = iridescence;

		/**
		 * Whether anisotropy is supported or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.anisotropy = anisotropy;

		/**
		 * Whether transmission is supported or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.transmission = transmission;

		/**
		 * Whether dispersion is supported or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.dispersion = dispersion;

		/**
		 * Whether retroreflection is supported or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.retroreflective = retroreflective;

		/**
		 * The clear coat radiance.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clearcoatRadiance = null;

		/**
		 * The clear coat specular direct.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clearcoatSpecularDirect = null;

		/**
		 * The clear coat specular indirect.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clearcoatSpecularIndirect = null;

		/**
		 * The sheen specular direct.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.sheenSpecularDirect = null;

		/**
		 * The sheen specular indirect.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.sheenSpecularIndirect = null;

		/**
		 * The iridescence Fresnel.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iridescenceFresnel = null;

		/**
		 * The iridescence F0 dielectric.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iridescenceF0Dielectric = null;

		/**
		 * The iridescence F0 metallic.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iridescenceF0Metallic = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Depending on what features are requested, the method prepares certain node variables
	 * which are later used for lighting computations.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	start( builder ) {

		if ( this.clearcoat === true ) {

			this.clearcoatRadiance = vec3().toVar( 'clearcoatRadiance' );
			this.clearcoatSpecularDirect = vec3().toVar( 'clearcoatSpecularDirect' );
			this.clearcoatSpecularIndirect = vec3().toVar( 'clearcoatSpecularIndirect' );

		}

		if ( this.sheen === true ) {

			this.sheenSpecularDirect = vec3().toVar( 'sheenSpecularDirect' );
			this.sheenSpecularIndirect = vec3().toVar( 'sheenSpecularIndirect' );

		}

		if ( this.iridescence === true ) {

			const dotNVi = normalView.dot( positionViewDirection ).clamp();

			const iridescenceFresnelDielectric = evalIridescence( {
				outsideIOR: float( 1.0 ),
				eta2: iridescenceIOR,
				cosTheta1: dotNVi,
				thinFilmThickness: iridescenceThickness,
				baseF0: specularColor
			} );

			const iridescenceFresnelMetallic = evalIridescence( {
				outsideIOR: float( 1.0 ),
				eta2: iridescenceIOR,
				cosTheta1: dotNVi,
				thinFilmThickness: iridescenceThickness,
				baseF0: diffuseColor.rgb
			} );

			this.iridescenceFresnel = mix( iridescenceFresnelDielectric, iridescenceFresnelMetallic, metalness );

			this.iridescenceF0Dielectric = Schlick_to_F0( { f: iridescenceFresnelDielectric, f90: 1.0, dotVH: dotNVi } );
			this.iridescenceF0Metallic = Schlick_to_F0( { f: iridescenceFresnelMetallic, f90: 1.0, dotVH: dotNVi } );

		}

		if ( this.transmission === true ) {

			const position = positionWorld;
			const v = cameraPosition.sub( positionWorld ).normalize(); // TODO: Create Node for this, same issue in MaterialX
			const n = normalWorld;

			const context = builder.context;

			context.backdrop = getIBLVolumeRefraction(
				n,
				v,
				roughness,
				diffuseContribution,
				specularColorBlended,
				specularF90, // specularF90
				position, // positionWorld
				modelWorldMatrix, // modelMatrix
				cameraViewMatrix, // viewMatrix
				cameraProjectionMatrix, // projMatrix
				ior,
				thickness,
				attenuationColor,
				attenuationDistance,
				this.dispersion ? dispersion : null
			);

			context.backdropAlpha = transmission;

			diffuseColor.a.mulAssign( mix( 1, context.backdrop.a, transmission ) );

		}

		super.start( builder );

	}

	// Fdez-Agüera's "Multiple-Scattering Microfacet Model for Real-Time Image Based Lighting"
	// Approximates multi-scattering in order to preserve energy.
	// http://www.jcgt.org/published/0008/01/03/

	computeMultiscattering( singleScatter, multiScatter, specularF90, f0, iridescenceF0 = null ) {

		const dotNV = normalView.dot( positionViewDirection ).clamp(); // @ TODO: Move to core dotNV

		const fab = DFGLUT( { roughness, dotNV } );

		const Fr = iridescenceF0 ? iridescence.mix( f0, iridescenceF0 ) : f0;

		const FssEss = Fr.mul( fab.x ).add( specularF90.mul( fab.y ) );

		const Ess = fab.x.add( fab.y );
		const Ems = Ess.oneMinus();

		const Favg = Fr.add( Fr.oneMinus().mul( 0.047619 ) ); // 1/21
		const Fms = FssEss.mul( Favg ).div( Ems.mul( Favg ).oneMinus() );

		singleScatter.addAssign( FssEss );
		multiScatter.addAssign( Fms.mul( Ems ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the direct light.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} lightData - The light data.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	direct( { lightDirection, lightColor, reflectedLight }, /* builder */ ) {

		const dotNL = normalView.dot( lightDirection ).clamp();
		const irradiance = dotNL.mul( lightColor ).toVar();

		if ( this.sheen === true ) {

			this.sheenSpecularDirect.addAssign( irradiance.mul( BRDF_Sheen( { lightDirection } ) ) );

			const sheenAlbedoV = IBLSheenBRDF( { normal: normalView, viewDir: positionViewDirection, roughness: sheenRoughness } );
			const sheenAlbedoL = IBLSheenBRDF( { normal: normalView, viewDir: lightDirection, roughness: sheenRoughness } );

			const sheenEnergyComp = sheen.r.max( sheen.g ).max( sheen.b ).mul( sheenAlbedoV.max( sheenAlbedoL ) ).oneMinus();

			irradiance.mulAssign( sheenEnergyComp );

		}

		if ( this.clearcoat === true ) {

			const dotNLcc = clearcoatNormalView.dot( lightDirection ).clamp();
			const ccIrradiance = dotNLcc.mul( lightColor );

			this.clearcoatSpecularDirect.addAssign( ccIrradiance.mul( BRDF_GGX( { lightDirection, f0: clearcoatF0, f90: clearcoatF90, roughness: clearcoatRoughness, normalView: clearcoatNormalView } ) ) );

		}

		// Light reflected by the specular interface is not available to the diffuse layer ( glTF fresnel_mix )
		const halfDir = lightDirection.add( positionViewDirection ).normalize();
		const dotVH = positionViewDirection.dot( halfDir ).clamp();
		const F = F_Schlick( { f0: specularColor, f90: specularF90, dotVH } );

		reflectedLight.directDiffuse.addAssign( irradiance.mul( BRDF_Lambert( { diffuseColor: diffuseContribution } ) ).mul( F.oneMinus() ) );

		let specularBRDF = BRDF_GGX( { lightDirection, f0: specularColorBlended, f90: 1, roughness, f: this.iridescenceFresnel, USE_IRIDESCENCE: this.iridescence, USE_ANISOTROPY: this.anisotropy } );

		if ( this.retroreflective === true ) {

			// Minimal Retroreflective Microfacet Model:
			// https://jcgt.org/published/0015/01/04/
			const retroViewDirection = positionViewDirection.negate().reflect( normalView );
			const retroSpecularBRDF = BRDF_GGX( { lightDirection, viewDirection: retroViewDirection, f0: specularColorBlended, f90: 1, roughness, f: this.iridescenceFresnel, USE_IRIDESCENCE: this.iridescence, USE_ANISOTROPY: this.anisotropy } );

			specularBRDF = mix( specularBRDF, retroSpecularBRDF, retroreflective.clamp() );

		}

		// Multi-scattering energy compensation for direct lighting
		// Based on "Practical Multiple Scattering Compensation for Microfacet Models"
		// https://blog.selfshadow.com/publications/turquin/ms_comp_final.pdf
		const dotNV = normalView.dot( positionViewDirection ).clamp();
		const fab = DFGLUT( { roughness, dotNV } );

		// Energy of the single-scattering lobe in a white furnace ( F0 = F90 = 1 )
		const Ess = fab.x.add( fab.y );

		// Compensate for the energy lost to multiple scattering, tinting the added term by F0 ( equation 16 )
		const energyCompensation = specularColorBlended.mul( Ess.reciprocal().sub( 1.0 ) ).add( 1.0 );

		reflectedLight.directSpecular.addAssign( irradiance.mul( specularBRDF ).mul( energyCompensation ) );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is intended for implementing the direct light term for
	 * rect area light nodes.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} input - The input data.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	directRectArea( { lightColor, lightPosition, halfWidth, halfHeight, reflectedLight, ltc_1, ltc_2 }, /* builder */ ) {

		const p0 = lightPosition.add( halfWidth ).sub( halfHeight ); // counterclockwise; light shines in local neg z direction
		const p1 = lightPosition.sub( halfWidth ).sub( halfHeight );
		const p2 = lightPosition.sub( halfWidth ).add( halfHeight );
		const p3 = lightPosition.add( halfWidth ).add( halfHeight );

		const N = normalView;
		const V = positionViewDirection;
		const P = positionView.toVar();

		const uv = LTC_Uv( { N, V, roughness } );

		const t1 = ltc_1.sample( uv ).toVar();
		const t2 = ltc_2.sample( uv ).toVar();

		const mInv = mat3(
			vec3( t1.x, 0, t1.y ),
			vec3( 0, 1, 0 ),
			vec3( t1.z, 0, t1.w )
		).toVar();

		// LTC Fresnel Approximation by Stephen Hill
		// http://blog.selfshadow.com/publications/s2016-advances/s2016_ltc_fresnel.pdf
		const fresnel = specularColorBlended.mul( t2.x ).add( specularF90.sub( specularColorBlended ).mul( t2.y ) ).toVar();

		reflectedLight.directSpecular.addAssign( lightColor.mul( fresnel ).mul( LTC_Evaluate( { N, V, P, mInv, p0, p1, p2, p3 } ) ) );

		reflectedLight.directDiffuse.addAssign( lightColor.mul( diffuseContribution ).mul( LTC_Evaluate( { N, V, P, mInv: mat3( 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ), p0, p1, p2, p3 } ) ) );

		if ( this.clearcoat === true ) {

			const Ncc = clearcoatNormalView;

			const uvClearcoat = LTC_Uv( { N: Ncc, V, roughness: clearcoatRoughness } );

			const t1Clearcoat = ltc_1.sample( uvClearcoat );
			const t2Clearcoat = ltc_2.sample( uvClearcoat );

			const mInvClearcoat = mat3(
				vec3( t1Clearcoat.x, 0, t1Clearcoat.y ),
				vec3( 0, 1, 0 ),
				vec3( t1Clearcoat.z, 0, t1Clearcoat.w )
			);

			// LTC Fresnel Approximation for clearcoat
			const fresnelClearcoat = clearcoatF0.mul( t2Clearcoat.x ).add( clearcoatF90.sub( clearcoatF0 ).mul( t2Clearcoat.y ) );

			this.clearcoatSpecularDirect.addAssign( lightColor.mul( fresnelClearcoat ).mul( LTC_Evaluate( { N: Ncc, V, P, mInv: mInvClearcoat, p0, p1, p2, p3 } ) ) );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the indirect lighting.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	indirect( builder ) {

		this.indirectDiffuse( builder );
		this.indirectSpecular( builder );
		this.ambientOcclusion( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the indirect diffuse term.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	indirectDiffuse( builder ) {

		const { irradiance, reflectedLight } = builder.context;

		// Energy reflected by the specular lobe is not available to the diffuse layer
		const singleScattering = vec3().toVar();
		const multiScattering = vec3().toVar();

		this.computeMultiscattering( singleScattering, multiScattering, specularF90, specularColor, this.iridescenceF0Dielectric );

		const diffuse = irradiance.mul( BRDF_Lambert( { diffuseColor: diffuseContribution } ) ).mul( singleScattering.add( multiScattering ).oneMinus() ).toVar();

		if ( this.sheen === true ) {

			const sheenAlbedo = IBLSheenBRDF( { normal: normalView, viewDir: positionViewDirection, roughness: sheenRoughness } );

			this.sheenSpecularIndirect.addAssign( irradiance.mul( sheen, sheenAlbedo, 1 / Math.PI ) );

			const sheenEnergyComp = sheen.r.max( sheen.g ).max( sheen.b ).mul( sheenAlbedo ).oneMinus();

			diffuse.mulAssign( sheenEnergyComp );

		}

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.addAssign( diffuse );

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the indirect specular term.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	indirectSpecular( builder ) {

		const { radiance, iblIrradiance, reflectedLight } = builder.context;

		if ( this.sheen === true ) {

			this.sheenSpecularIndirect.addAssign( iblIrradiance.mul(
				sheen,
				IBLSheenBRDF( {
					normal: normalView,
					viewDir: positionViewDirection,
					roughness: sheenRoughness
				} ),
				1 / Math.PI
			) );

		}

		if ( this.clearcoat === true ) {

			const dotNVcc = clearcoatNormalView.dot( positionViewDirection ).clamp();

			const clearcoatEnv = EnvironmentBRDF( {
				dotNV: dotNVcc,
				specularColor: clearcoatF0,
				specularF90: clearcoatF90,
				roughness: clearcoatRoughness
			} );

			this.clearcoatSpecularIndirect.addAssign( this.clearcoatRadiance.mul( clearcoatEnv ) );

		}

		// Both indirect specular and indirect diffuse light accumulate here
		// Compute multiscattering separately for dielectric and metallic, then mix

		const singleScatteringDielectric = vec3().toVar( 'singleScatteringDielectric' );
		const multiScatteringDielectric = vec3().toVar( 'multiScatteringDielectric' );
		const singleScatteringMetallic = vec3().toVar( 'singleScatteringMetallic' );
		const multiScatteringMetallic = vec3().toVar( 'multiScatteringMetallic' );

		this.computeMultiscattering( singleScatteringDielectric, multiScatteringDielectric, specularF90, specularColor, this.iridescenceF0Dielectric );
		this.computeMultiscattering( singleScatteringMetallic, multiScatteringMetallic, specularF90, diffuseColor.rgb, this.iridescenceF0Metallic );

		// Mix based on metalness
		const singleScattering = mix( singleScatteringDielectric, singleScatteringMetallic, metalness );
		const multiScattering = mix( multiScatteringDielectric, multiScatteringMetallic, metalness );

		// Diffuse energy conservation uses dielectric path
		const totalScatteringDielectric = singleScatteringDielectric.add( multiScatteringDielectric );

		const diffuse = diffuseContribution.mul( totalScatteringDielectric.oneMinus() );

		const cosineWeightedIrradiance = iblIrradiance.mul( 1 / Math.PI );

		const indirectSpecular = radiance.mul( singleScattering ).add( multiScattering.mul( cosineWeightedIrradiance ) ).toVar();
		const indirectDiffuse = diffuse.mul( cosineWeightedIrradiance ).toVar();

		if ( this.sheen === true ) {

			const sheenAlbedo = IBLSheenBRDF( { normal: normalView, viewDir: positionViewDirection, roughness: sheenRoughness } );

			const sheenEnergyComp = sheen.r.max( sheen.g ).max( sheen.b ).mul( sheenAlbedo ).oneMinus();

			indirectSpecular.mulAssign( sheenEnergyComp );
			indirectDiffuse.mulAssign( sheenEnergyComp );

		}

		reflectedLight.indirectSpecular.addAssign( indirectSpecular );

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.addAssign( indirectDiffuse );

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the ambient occlusion term.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	ambientOcclusion( builder ) {

		const { ambientOcclusion, reflectedLight } = builder.context;

		const dotNV = normalView.dot( positionViewDirection ).clamp(); // @ TODO: Move to core dotNV

		const aoNV = dotNV.add( ambientOcclusion );
		const aoExp = roughness.mul( -16 ).oneMinus().negate().exp2();

		const aoNode = ambientOcclusion.sub( aoNV.pow( aoExp ).oneMinus() ).clamp();

		if ( this.clearcoat === true ) {

			this.clearcoatSpecularIndirect.mulAssign( ambientOcclusion );

		}

		if ( this.sheen === true ) {

			this.sheenSpecularIndirect.mulAssign( ambientOcclusion );

		}

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.mulAssign( ambientOcclusion );
		reflectedLight.indirectSpecular.mulAssign( aoNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Used for final lighting accumulations depending on the requested features.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	finish( { context } ) {

		const { outgoingLight } = context;

		if ( this.clearcoat === true ) {

			const dotNVcc = clearcoatNormalView.dot( positionViewDirection ).clamp();

			const Fcc = F_Schlick( {
				dotVH: dotNVcc,
				f0: clearcoatF0,
				f90: clearcoatF90
			} );

			const clearcoatLight = outgoingLight.mul( clearcoat.mul( Fcc ).oneMinus() ).add( this.clearcoatSpecularDirect.add( this.clearcoatSpecularIndirect ).mul( clearcoat ) );

			outgoingLight.assign( clearcoatLight );

		}

		if ( this.sheen === true ) {

			const sheenLight = outgoingLight.add( this.sheenSpecularDirect, this.sheenSpecularIndirect );

			outgoingLight.assign( sheenLight );

		}

	}

}

const GOLDEN_ANGLE = 2.399963229728653;

// These defines must match with PMREMGenerator

const cubeUV_r0 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 1.0 );
const cubeUV_m0 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( -2 );
const cubeUV_r1 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 0.8 );
const cubeUV_m1 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( -1 );
const cubeUV_r4 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 0.4 );
const cubeUV_m4 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 2.0 );
const cubeUV_r5 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 0.305 );
const cubeUV_m5 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 3.0 );
const cubeUV_r6 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 0.21 );
const cubeUV_m6 = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 4.0 );

const cubeUV_minMipLevel = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 4.0 );
const cubeUV_minTileSize = /*@__PURE__*/ float( 16.0 );

// These shader functions convert between the UV coordinates of a single face of
// a cubemap, the 0-5 integer index of a cube face, and the direction vector for
// sampling a textureCube (not generally normalized ).

const getFace = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ direction ] ) => {

	const absDirection = vec3( abs( direction ) ).toVar();
	const face = float( -1 ).toVar();

	If( absDirection.x.greaterThan( absDirection.z ), () => {

		If( absDirection.x.greaterThan( absDirection.y ), () => {

			face.assign( select( direction.x.greaterThan( 0.0 ), 0.0, 3.0 ) );

		} ).Else( () => {

			face.assign( select( direction.y.greaterThan( 0.0 ), 1.0, 4.0 ) );

		} );

	} ).Else( () => {

		If( absDirection.z.greaterThan( absDirection.y ), () => {

			face.assign( select( direction.z.greaterThan( 0.0 ), 2.0, 5.0 ) );

		} ).Else( () => {

			face.assign( select( direction.y.greaterThan( 0.0 ), 1.0, 4.0 ) );

		} );

	} );

	return face;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'getFace',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'direction', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

// RH coordinate system; PMREM face-indexing convention
const getUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ direction, face ] ) => {

	const uv = vec2().toVar();

	If( face.equal( 0.0 ), () => {

		uv.assign( vec2( direction.z, direction.y ).div( abs( direction.x ) ) ); // pos x

	} ).ElseIf( face.equal( 1.0 ), () => {

		uv.assign( vec2( direction.x.negate(), direction.z.negate() ).div( abs( direction.y ) ) ); // pos y

	} ).ElseIf( face.equal( 2.0 ), () => {

		uv.assign( vec2( direction.x.negate(), direction.y ).div( abs( direction.z ) ) ); // pos z

	} ).ElseIf( face.equal( 3.0 ), () => {

		uv.assign( vec2( direction.z.negate(), direction.y ).div( abs( direction.x ) ) ); // neg x

	} ).ElseIf( face.equal( 4.0 ), () => {

		uv.assign( vec2( direction.x.negate(), direction.z ).div( abs( direction.y ) ) ); // neg y

	} ).Else( () => {

		uv.assign( vec2( direction.x, direction.y ).div( abs( direction.z ) ) ); // neg z

	} );

	return mul( 0.5, uv.add( 1.0 ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'getUV',
	type: 'vec2',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'direction', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'face', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const roughnessToMip = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ roughness ] ) => {

	const mip = float( 0.0 ).toVar();

	If( roughness.greaterThanEqual( cubeUV_r1 ), () => {

		mip.assign( cubeUV_r0.sub( roughness ).mul( cubeUV_m1.sub( cubeUV_m0 ) ).div( cubeUV_r0.sub( cubeUV_r1 ) ).add( cubeUV_m0 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( roughness.greaterThanEqual( cubeUV_r4 ), () => {

		mip.assign( cubeUV_r1.sub( roughness ).mul( cubeUV_m4.sub( cubeUV_m1 ) ).div( cubeUV_r1.sub( cubeUV_r4 ) ).add( cubeUV_m1 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( roughness.greaterThanEqual( cubeUV_r5 ), () => {

		mip.assign( cubeUV_r4.sub( roughness ).mul( cubeUV_m5.sub( cubeUV_m4 ) ).div( cubeUV_r4.sub( cubeUV_r5 ) ).add( cubeUV_m4 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( roughness.greaterThanEqual( cubeUV_r6 ), () => {

		mip.assign( cubeUV_r5.sub( roughness ).mul( cubeUV_m6.sub( cubeUV_m5 ) ).div( cubeUV_r5.sub( cubeUV_r6 ) ).add( cubeUV_m5 ) );

	} ).Else( () => {

		mip.assign( float( -2 ).mul( log2( mul( 1.16, roughness ) ) ) ); // 1.16 = 1.79^0.25

	} );

	return mip;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'roughnessToMip',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'roughness', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

//

const textureCubeUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ envMap, sampleDir_immutable, roughness_immutable, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ] ) => {

	const roughness = float( roughness_immutable );
	const sampleDir = vec3( sampleDir_immutable );

	const mip = clamp( roughnessToMip( roughness ), cubeUV_m0, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP );
	const mipF = fract( mip );
	const mipInt = floor( mip );
	const color0 = vec3( bilinearCubeUV( envMap, sampleDir, mipInt, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ) ).toVar();

	If( mipF.notEqual( 0.0 ), () => {

		const color1 = vec3( bilinearCubeUV( envMap, sampleDir, mipInt.add( 1.0 ), CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ) ).toVar();

		color0.assign( mix( color0, color1, mipF ) );

	} );

	return color0;

} );

const bilinearCubeUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ envMap, direction_immutable, mipInt_immutable, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ] ) => {

	const mipInt = float( mipInt_immutable ).toVar();
	const direction = vec3( direction_immutable );
	const face = float( getFace( direction ) ).toVar();
	const filterInt = float( max$1( cubeUV_minMipLevel.sub( mipInt ), 0.0 ) ).toVar();
	mipInt.assign( max$1( mipInt, cubeUV_minMipLevel ) );
	const faceSize = float( exp2( mipInt ) ).toVar();
	const uv = vec2( getUV( direction, face ).mul( faceSize.sub( 2.0 ) ).add( 1.0 ) ).toVar();

	If( face.greaterThan( 2.0 ), () => {

		uv.y.addAssign( faceSize );
		face.subAssign( 3.0 );

	} );

	uv.x.addAssign( face.mul( faceSize ) );
	uv.x.addAssign( filterInt.mul( mul( 3.0, cubeUV_minTileSize ) ) );
	uv.y.addAssign( mul( 4.0, exp2( CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ).sub( faceSize ) ) );
	uv.x.mulAssign( CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH );
	uv.y.mulAssign( CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT );

	return envMap.sample( uv ).grad( vec2(), vec2() ); // disable anisotropic filtering

} );

// Gaussian blur along a golden-angle spiral, importance-sampled by stratified
// inverse-CDF so every sample carries equal Gaussian weight.
const sphericalGaussianBlur = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { SAMPLES, sigma, outputDirection, mipInt, envMap, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP } ) => {

	const color = vec3( 0.0 ).toVar();

	If( sigma.equal( 0.0 ), () => {

		color.assign( bilinearCubeUV( envMap, outputDirection, mipInt, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ) );

	} ).Else( () => {

		const up = select( abs( outputDirection.z ).lessThan( 0.999 ), vec3( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ), vec3( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ) );
		const tangent = normalize( cross( up, outputDirection ) ).toVar();
		const bitangent = cross( outputDirection, tangent ).toVar();

		// Truncate the kernel at three standard deviations or at the antipode.
		const thetaMax = min$1( sigma.mul( 3.0 ), Math.PI );
		const truncation = exp( thetaMax.mul( thetaMax ).mul( -0.5 ).div( sigma.mul( sigma ) ) ).oneMinus().toVar();

		const accumWeight = float( 0.0 ).toVar();

		Loop( { start: int( 0 ), end: SAMPLES }, ( { i } ) => {

			// Stratified inverse-CDF sampling of the Gaussian, placed on a golden-angle spiral.
			const stratum = float( i ).add( 0.5 ).div( float( SAMPLES ) );
			const theta = sigma.mul( sqrt( log( stratum.mul( truncation ).oneMinus() ).mul( -2 ) ) ).toVar();
			const phi = float( i ).mul( GOLDEN_ANGLE ).toVar();

			const offset = tangent.mul( cos( phi ) ).add( bitangent.mul( sin( phi ) ) );
			const sampleDirection = outputDirection.mul( cos( theta ) ).add( offset.mul( sin( theta ) ) );

			// Correct the planar sample density to solid angle.
			const weight = sin( theta ).div( theta ).toVar();

			color.addAssign( bilinearCubeUV( envMap, sampleDirection, mipInt, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ).mul( weight ) );
			accumWeight.addAssign( weight );

		} );

		color.divAssign( accumWeight );

	} );

	return vec4( color, 1.0 );

} );

// GGX VNDF importance sampling functions

// Van der Corput radical inverse for generating quasi-random sequences
const radicalInverse_VdC = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ bits_immutable ] ) => {

	const bits = uint( bits_immutable ).toVar();
	bits.assign( bits.shiftLeft( uint( 16 ) ).bitOr( bits.shiftRight( uint( 16 ) ) ) );
	bits.assign( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0x55555555 ) ).shiftLeft( uint( 1 ) ).bitOr( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0xAAAAAAAA ) ).shiftRight( uint( 1 ) ) ) );
	bits.assign( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0x33333333 ) ).shiftLeft( uint( 2 ) ).bitOr( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0xCCCCCCCC ) ).shiftRight( uint( 2 ) ) ) );
	bits.assign( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0x0F0F0F0F ) ).shiftLeft( uint( 4 ) ).bitOr( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0xF0F0F0F0 ) ).shiftRight( uint( 4 ) ) ) );
	bits.assign( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0x00FF00FF ) ).shiftLeft( uint( 8 ) ).bitOr( bits.bitAnd( uint( 0xFF00FF00 ) ).shiftRight( uint( 8 ) ) ) );
	return float( bits ).mul( 2.3283064365386963e-10 ); // / 0x100000000

} );

// Hammersley sequence for quasi-Monte Carlo sampling
const hammersley = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ i, N ] ) => {

	return vec2( float( i ).div( float( N ) ), radicalInverse_VdC( i ) );

} );

// GGX VNDF importance sampling (Eric Heitz 2018)
// "Sampling the GGX Distribution of Visible Normals"
// https://jcgt.org/published/0007/04/01/
const importanceSampleGGX_VNDF = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ Xi, V, roughness ] ) => {

	const alpha = roughness.mul( roughness ).toConst();

	// Section 4.1: Orthonormal basis
	const T1 = vec3( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ).toConst();
	const T2 = cross( V, T1 ).toConst();

	// Section 4.2: Parameterization of projected area
	const r = sqrt( Xi.x ).toConst();
	const phi = mul( 2.0, 3.14159265359 ).mul( Xi.y ).toConst();
	const t1 = r.mul( cos( phi ) ).toConst();
	const t2 = r.mul( sin( phi ) ).toVar();
	const s = mul( 0.5, V.z.add( 1.0 ) ).toConst();
	t2.assign( s.oneMinus().mul( sqrt( t1.mul( t1 ).oneMinus() ) ).add( s.mul( t2 ) ) );

	// Section 4.3: Reprojection onto hemisphere
	const Nh = T1.mul( t1 ).add( T2.mul( t2 ) ).add( V.mul( sqrt( max$1( 0.0, t1.mul( t1 ).add( t2.mul( t2 ) ).oneMinus() ) ) ) );

	// Section 3.4: Transform back to ellipsoid configuration
	return normalize( vec3( alpha.mul( Nh.x ), alpha.mul( Nh.y ), max$1( 0.0, Nh.z ) ) );

} );

// GGX convolution using VNDF importance sampling
const ggxConvolution = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { roughness, mipInt, envMap, N_immutable, GGX_SAMPLES, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP } ) => {

	const N = vec3( N_immutable ).toVar();

	const prefilteredColor = vec3( 0.0 ).toVar();
	const totalWeight = float( 0.0 ).toVar();

	// For very low roughness, just sample the environment directly
	If( roughness.lessThan( 0.001 ), () => {

		prefilteredColor.assign( bilinearCubeUV( envMap, N, mipInt, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP ) );

	} ).Else( () => {

		// Tangent space basis for VNDF sampling
		const up = select( abs( N.z ).lessThan( 0.999 ), vec3( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ), vec3( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ) );
		const tangent = normalize( cross( up, N ) ).toVar();
		const bitangent = cross( N, tangent ).toVar();

		Loop( { start: uint( 0 ), end: GGX_SAMPLES }, ( { i } ) => {

			const Xi = hammersley( i, GGX_SAMPLES );

			// For PMREM, V = N, so in tangent space V is always (0, 0, 1)
			const H_tangent = importanceSampleGGX_VNDF( Xi, vec3( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ), roughness );

			// Transform H back to world space
			const H = normalize( tangent.mul( H_tangent.x ).add( bitangent.mul( H_tangent.y ) ).add( N.mul( H_tangent.z ) ) );
			const L = normalize( H.mul( dot( N, H ).mul( 2.0 ) ).sub( N ) );

			const NdotL = max$1( dot( N, L ), 0.0 );

			If( NdotL.greaterThan( 0.0 ), () => {

				// Sample environment at fixed mip level
				// VNDF importance sampling handles the distribution filtering
				const sampleColor = bilinearCubeUV( envMap, L, mipInt, CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH, CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT, CUBEUV_MAX_MIP );

				// Weight by NdotL for the split-sum approximation
				// VNDF PDF naturally accounts for the visible microfacet distribution
				prefilteredColor.addAssign( sampleColor.mul( NdotL ) );
				totalWeight.addAssign( NdotL );

			} );

		} );

		If( totalWeight.greaterThan( 0.0 ), () => {

			prefilteredColor.assign( prefilteredColor.div( totalWeight ) );

		} );

	} );

	return vec4( prefilteredColor, 1.0 );

} );

const LOD_MIN = 4;

// The number of extra mips.
// Used for scene blur in fromScene() method.
const EXTRA_LODS = 6;

// The number of spiral samples per blur pass.
// Used for scene blur in fromScene() method.
const BLUR_SAMPLES = 20;

// GGX VNDF importance sampling configuration
const GGX_SAMPLES = 256;

const _flatCamera = /*@__PURE__*/ new OrthographicCamera( -1, 1, 1, -1, 0, 1 );
const _cubeCamera = /*@__PURE__*/ new PerspectiveCamera( 90, 1 );
const _clearColor$2 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Color();
let _oldTarget = null;
let _oldActiveCubeFace = 0;
let _oldActiveMipmapLevel = 0;

const _origin = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();
const _direction = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();

// maps blur materials to their uniforms dictionary

const _uniformsMap = new WeakMap();

// WebGPU Face indices
const _faceLib = [
	3, 1, 5,
	0, 4, 2
];

const _outputDirection = /*@__PURE__*/ attribute( 'outputDirection' ).normalize();

/**
 * This class generates a Prefiltered, Mipmapped Radiance Environment Map
 * (PMREM) from a cubeMap environment texture. This allows different levels of
 * blur to be quickly accessed based on material roughness. It is packed into a
 * special CubeUV format that allows us to perform custom interpolation so that
 * we can support nonlinear formats such as RGBE. Unlike a traditional mipmap
 * chain, it only goes down to the LOD_MIN level (above), and then creates extra
 * even more filtered 'mips' at the same LOD_MIN resolution, associated with
 * higher roughness levels. In this way we maintain resolution to smoothly
 * interpolate diffuse lighting while limiting sampling computation.
 *
 * The prefiltering uses GGX VNDF (Visible Normal Distribution Function)
 * importance sampling based on "Sampling the GGX Distribution of Visible Normals"
 * (Heitz, 2018) to generate environment maps that accurately match the GGX BRDF
 * used in material rendering for physically-based image-based lighting.
 */
class PMREMGenerator {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new PMREM generator.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 */
	constructor( renderer ) {

		this._renderer = renderer;
		this._pingPongRenderTarget = null;

		this._lodMax = 0;
		this._cubeSize = 0;
		this._sizeLods = [];
		this._lodMeshes = [];

		this._blurMaterial = null;
		this._ggxMaterial = null;

		this._cubemapMaterial = null;
		this._equirectMaterial = null;
		this._backgroundBox = null;

	}

	get _hasInitialized() {

		return this._renderer.hasInitialized();

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a PMREM from a supplied Scene, which can be faster than using an
	 * image if networking bandwidth is low. Optional sigma specifies a blur radius
	 * in radians to be applied to the scene before PMREM generation. Optional near
	 * and far planes ensure the scene is rendered in its entirety.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene to be captured.
	 * @param {number} [sigma=0] - The blur radius in radians.
	 * @param {number} [near=0.1] - The near plane distance.
	 * @param {number} [far=100] - The far plane distance.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - The configuration options.
	 * @param {number} [options.size=256] - The texture size of the PMREM.
	 * @param {Vector3} [options.position=origin] - The position of the internal cube camera that renders the scene.
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} [options.renderTarget=null] - The render target to use.
	 * @return {RenderTarget} The resulting PMREM.
	 * @see {@link PMREMGenerator#fromScene}
	 */
	fromScene( scene, sigma = 0, near = 0.1, far = 100, options = {} ) {

		const {
			size = 256,
			position = _origin,
			renderTarget = null,
		} = options;

		this._setSize( size );

		if ( this._hasInitialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.PMREMGenerator: .fromScene() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		_oldTarget = this._renderer.getRenderTarget();
		_oldActiveCubeFace = this._renderer.getActiveCubeFace();
		_oldActiveMipmapLevel = this._renderer.getActiveMipmapLevel();

		const cubeUVRenderTarget = renderTarget || this._allocateTarget( true );

		this._init( cubeUVRenderTarget );

		this._sceneToCubeUV( scene, near, far, cubeUVRenderTarget, position );

		if ( sigma > 0 ) {

			this._blur( cubeUVRenderTarget, 0, 0, sigma );

		}

		this._applyPMREM( cubeUVRenderTarget );

		this._cleanup( cubeUVRenderTarget );

		return cubeUVRenderTarget;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a PMREM from a supplied Scene, which can be faster than using an
	 * image if networking bandwidth is low. Optional sigma specifies a blur radius
	 * in radians to be applied to the scene before PMREM generation. Optional near
	 * and far planes ensure the scene is rendered in its entirety (the cubeCamera
	 * is placed at the origin).
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene to be captured.
	 * @param {number} [sigma=0] - The blur radius in radians.
	 * @param {number} [near=0.1] - The near plane distance.
	 * @param {number} [far=100] - The far plane distance.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - The configuration options.
	 * @param {number} [options.size=256] - The texture size of the PMREM.
	 * @param {Vector3} [options.position=origin] - The position of the internal cube camera that renders the scene.
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} [options.renderTarget=null] - The render target to use.
	 * @return {Promise<RenderTarget>} A Promise that resolve with the PMREM when the generation has been finished.
	 * @see {@link PMREMGenerator#fromScene}
	 */
	async fromSceneAsync( scene, sigma = 0, near = 0.1, far = 100, options = {} ) {

		warnOnce( 'PMREMGenerator: ".fromSceneAsync()" is deprecated. Use "await renderer.init()" instead.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this._renderer.init();

		return this.fromScene( scene, sigma, near, far, options );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a PMREM from an equirectangular texture, which can be either LDR
	 * or HDR. The ideal input image size is 1k (1024 x 512), as this matches best
	 * with the 256 x 256 cubemap output. The minimum supported input image size
	 * is 64 x 32.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} equirectangular - The equirectangular texture to be converted.
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} [renderTarget=null] - The render target to use.
	 * @return {RenderTarget} The resulting PMREM.
	 * @see {@link PMREMGenerator#fromEquirectangularAsync}
	 */
	fromEquirectangular( equirectangular, renderTarget = null ) {

		if ( this._hasInitialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.PMREMGenerator: .fromEquirectangular() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		return this._fromTexture( equirectangular, renderTarget );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a PMREM from an equirectangular texture, which can be either LDR
	 * or HDR. The ideal input image size is 1k (1024 x 512),
	 * as this matches best with the 256 x 256 cubemap output.
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {Texture} equirectangular - The equirectangular texture to be converted.
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} [renderTarget=null] - The render target to use.
	 * @return {Promise<RenderTarget>} The resulting PMREM.
	 * @see {@link PMREMGenerator#fromEquirectangular}
	 */
	async fromEquirectangularAsync( equirectangular, renderTarget = null ) {

		warnOnce( 'PMREMGenerator: ".fromEquirectangularAsync()" is deprecated. Use "await renderer.init()" instead.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this._renderer.init();

		return this._fromTexture( equirectangular, renderTarget );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a PMREM from an cubemap texture, which can be either LDR
	 * or HDR. The ideal input cube size is 256 x 256, as this matches best
	 * with the 256 x 256 cubemap output. The minimum supported input cube
	 * size is 16 x 16 per face.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} cubemap - The cubemap texture to be converted.
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} [renderTarget=null] - The render target to use.
	 * @return {RenderTarget} The resulting PMREM.
	 * @see {@link PMREMGenerator#fromCubemapAsync}
	 */
	fromCubemap( cubemap, renderTarget = null ) {

		if ( this._hasInitialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.PMREMGenerator: .fromCubemap() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		return this._fromTexture( cubemap, renderTarget );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a PMREM from an cubemap texture, which can be either LDR
	 * or HDR. The ideal input cube size is 256 x 256,
	 * with the 256 x 256 cubemap output.
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {Texture} cubemap - The cubemap texture to be converted.
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} [renderTarget=null] - The render target to use.
	 * @return {Promise<RenderTarget>} The resulting PMREM.
	 * @see {@link PMREMGenerator#fromCubemap}
	 */
	async fromCubemapAsync( cubemap, renderTarget = null ) {

		warnOnce( 'PMREMGenerator: ".fromCubemapAsync()" is deprecated. Use "await renderer.init()" instead.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this._renderer.init();

		return this._fromTexture( cubemap, renderTarget );

	}

	/**
	 * Pre-compiles the cubemap shader. You can get faster start-up by invoking this method during
	 * your texture's network fetch for increased concurrency.
	 *
	 * @returns {Promise}
	 */
	async compileCubemapShader() {

		if ( this._cubemapMaterial === null ) {

			this._cubemapMaterial = _getCubemapMaterial();
			await this._compileMaterial( this._cubemapMaterial );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Pre-compiles the equirectangular shader. You can get faster start-up by invoking this method during
	 * your texture's network fetch for increased concurrency.
	 *
	 * @returns {Promise}
	 */
	async compileEquirectangularShader() {

		if ( this._equirectMaterial === null ) {

			this._equirectMaterial = _getEquirectMaterial();
			await this._compileMaterial( this._equirectMaterial );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Disposes of the PMREMGenerator's internal memory. Note that PMREMGenerator is a static class,
	 * so you should not need more than one PMREMGenerator object. If you do, calling dispose() on
	 * one of them will cause any others to also become unusable.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this._dispose();

		if ( this._cubemapMaterial !== null ) this._cubemapMaterial.dispose();
		if ( this._equirectMaterial !== null ) this._equirectMaterial.dispose();
		if ( this._backgroundBox !== null ) {

			this._backgroundBox.geometry.dispose();
			this._backgroundBox.material.dispose();

		}

	}

	// private interface

	_setSizeFromTexture( texture ) {

		if ( texture.mapping === CubeReflectionMapping || texture.mapping === CubeRefractionMapping ) {

			this._setSize( texture.image.length === 0 ? 16 : ( texture.image[ 0 ].width || texture.image[ 0 ].image.width ) );

		} else { // Equirectangular

			this._setSize( texture.image.width / 4 );

		}

	}

	_setSize( cubeSize ) {

		this._lodMax = Math.floor( Math.log2( cubeSize ) );
		this._cubeSize = Math.pow( 2, this._lodMax );

	}

	_dispose() {

		if ( this._blurMaterial !== null ) this._blurMaterial.dispose();
		if ( this._ggxMaterial !== null ) this._ggxMaterial.dispose();

		if ( this._pingPongRenderTarget !== null ) this._pingPongRenderTarget.dispose();

		for ( let i = 0; i < this._lodMeshes.length; i ++ ) {

			this._lodMeshes[ i ].geometry.dispose();

		}

	}

	_cleanup( outputTarget ) {

		this._renderer.setRenderTarget( _oldTarget, _oldActiveCubeFace, _oldActiveMipmapLevel );
		outputTarget.scissorTest = false;
		this._setViewport( outputTarget, 0, 0, outputTarget.width, outputTarget.height );

	}

	_fromTexture( texture, renderTarget ) {

		this._setSizeFromTexture( texture );

		_oldTarget = this._renderer.getRenderTarget();
		_oldActiveCubeFace = this._renderer.getActiveCubeFace();
		_oldActiveMipmapLevel = this._renderer.getActiveMipmapLevel();

		const cubeUVRenderTarget = renderTarget || this._allocateTarget( false );
		this._init( cubeUVRenderTarget );
		this._textureToCubeUV( texture, cubeUVRenderTarget );
		this._applyPMREM( cubeUVRenderTarget );
		this._cleanup( cubeUVRenderTarget );

		return cubeUVRenderTarget;

	}

	_allocateTarget( depthBuffer ) {

		const width = 3 * Math.max( this._cubeSize, 16 * 7 );
		const height = 4 * this._cubeSize;

		const cubeUVRenderTarget = _createRenderTarget( width, height, depthBuffer );

		return cubeUVRenderTarget;

	}

	_init( renderTarget ) {

		if ( this._pingPongRenderTarget === null || this._pingPongRenderTarget.width !== renderTarget.width || this._pingPongRenderTarget.height !== renderTarget.height ) {

			if ( this._pingPongRenderTarget !== null ) {

				this._dispose();

			}

			this._pingPongRenderTarget = _createRenderTarget( renderTarget.width, renderTarget.height );

			const { _lodMax } = this;
			( { lodMeshes: this._lodMeshes, sizeLods: this._sizeLods } = _createPlanes( _lodMax ) );

			this._blurMaterial = _getBlurShader( _lodMax, renderTarget.width, renderTarget.height );
			this._ggxMaterial = _getGGXShader( _lodMax, renderTarget.width, renderTarget.height );

		}

	}

	async _compileMaterial( material ) {

		const mesh = new Mesh( new BufferGeometry(), material );
		await this._renderer.compile( mesh, _flatCamera );

	}

	_sceneToCubeUV( scene, near, far, cubeUVRenderTarget, position ) {

		const cubeCamera = _cubeCamera;
		cubeCamera.near = near;
		cubeCamera.far = far;

		// px, py, pz, nx, ny, nz
		const upSign = [ 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1 ];
		const forwardSign = [ 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1 ];

		const renderer = this._renderer;

		const originalAutoClear = renderer.autoClear;

		renderer.getClearColor( _clearColor$2 );

		renderer.autoClear = false;

		if ( this._backgroundBox === null ) {

			this._backgroundBox = new Mesh(
				new BoxGeometry(),
				new MeshBasicMaterial( {
					name: 'PMREM.Background',
					side: BackSide,
					depthWrite: false,
					depthTest: false,
				} )
			);

		}

		const backgroundBox = this._backgroundBox;
		const backgroundMaterial = backgroundBox.material;

		let useSolidColor = false;

		const background = scene.background;

		if ( background ) {

			if ( background.isColor ) {

				backgroundMaterial.color.copy( background );
				scene.background = null;
				useSolidColor = true;

			}

		} else {

			backgroundMaterial.color.copy( _clearColor$2 );
			useSolidColor = true;

		}

		renderer.setRenderTarget( cubeUVRenderTarget );

		renderer.clear();

		if ( useSolidColor ) {

			renderer.render( backgroundBox, cubeCamera );

		}

		for ( let i = 0; i < 6; i ++ ) {

			const col = i % 3;

			if ( col === 0 ) {

				cubeCamera.up.set( 0, upSign[ i ], 0 );
				cubeCamera.position.set( position.x, position.y, position.z );
				cubeCamera.lookAt( position.x + forwardSign[ i ], position.y, position.z );

			} else if ( col === 1 ) {

				cubeCamera.up.set( 0, 0, upSign[ i ] );
				cubeCamera.position.set( position.x, position.y, position.z );
				cubeCamera.lookAt( position.x, position.y + forwardSign[ i ], position.z );


			} else {

				cubeCamera.up.set( 0, upSign[ i ], 0 );
				cubeCamera.position.set( position.x, position.y, position.z );
				cubeCamera.lookAt( position.x, position.y, position.z + forwardSign[ i ] );


			}

			const size = this._cubeSize;

			this._setViewport( cubeUVRenderTarget, col * size, i > 2 ? size : 0, size, size );

			renderer.render( scene, cubeCamera );

		}

		renderer.autoClear = originalAutoClear;
		scene.background = background;

	}

	_textureToCubeUV( texture, cubeUVRenderTarget ) {

		const renderer = this._renderer;

		const isCubeTexture = ( texture.mapping === CubeReflectionMapping || texture.mapping === CubeRefractionMapping );

		if ( isCubeTexture ) {

			if ( this._cubemapMaterial === null ) {

				this._cubemapMaterial = _getCubemapMaterial( texture );

			}

		} else {

			if ( this._equirectMaterial === null ) {

				this._equirectMaterial = _getEquirectMaterial( texture );

			}

		}

		const material = isCubeTexture ? this._cubemapMaterial : this._equirectMaterial;
		material.fragmentNode.value = texture;

		const mesh = this._lodMeshes[ 0 ];
		mesh.material = material;

		const size = this._cubeSize;
		this._setViewport( cubeUVRenderTarget, 0, 0, 3 * size, 2 * size );
		renderer.setRenderTarget( cubeUVRenderTarget );
		renderer.render( mesh, _flatCamera );

	}

	_applyPMREM( cubeUVRenderTarget ) {

		const renderer = this._renderer;
		const autoClear = renderer.autoClear;
		renderer.autoClear = false;

		const n = this._lodMeshes.length;

		// Use GGX VNDF importance sampling
		for ( let i = 1; i < n; i ++ ) {

			this._applyGGXFilter( cubeUVRenderTarget, i - 1, i );

		}

		renderer.autoClear = autoClear;

	}

	/**
	 * Applies GGX VNDF importance sampling filter to generate a prefiltered environment map.
	 * Uses Monte Carlo integration with VNDF importance sampling to accurately represent the
	 * GGX BRDF for physically-based rendering. Reads from the previous LOD level and
	 * applies incremental roughness filtering to avoid over-blurring.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderTarget} cubeUVRenderTarget
	 * @param {number} lodIn - Source LOD level to read from
	 * @param {number} lodOut - Target LOD level to write to
	 */
	_applyGGXFilter( cubeUVRenderTarget, lodIn, lodOut ) {

		const renderer = this._renderer;
		const pingPongRenderTarget = this._pingPongRenderTarget;

		const ggxMaterial = this._ggxMaterial;
		const ggxMesh = this._lodMeshes[ lodOut ];
		ggxMesh.material = ggxMaterial;

		const ggxUniforms = _uniformsMap.get( ggxMaterial );

		// Calculate incremental roughness between LOD levels
		const targetRoughness = lodOut / ( this._lodMeshes.length - 1 );
		const sourceRoughness = lodIn / ( this._lodMeshes.length - 1 );
		const incrementalRoughness = Math.sqrt( targetRoughness * targetRoughness - sourceRoughness * sourceRoughness );

		// Apply blur strength mapping for better quality across the roughness range
		const blurStrength = targetRoughness * 1.25;
		const adjustedRoughness = incrementalRoughness * blurStrength;

		// Calculate viewport position based on output LOD level
		const { _lodMax } = this;
		const outputSize = this._sizeLods[ lodOut ];
		const x = 3 * outputSize * ( lodOut > _lodMax - LOD_MIN ? lodOut - _lodMax + LOD_MIN : 0 );
		const y = 4 * ( this._cubeSize - outputSize );

		// Read from previous LOD with incremental roughness
		cubeUVRenderTarget.texture.frame = ( cubeUVRenderTarget.texture.frame || 0 ) + 1;
		ggxUniforms.envMap.value = cubeUVRenderTarget.texture;
		ggxUniforms.roughness.value = adjustedRoughness;
		ggxUniforms.mipInt.value = _lodMax - lodIn; // Sample from input LOD

		this._setViewport( pingPongRenderTarget, x, y, 3 * outputSize, 2 * outputSize );
		renderer.setRenderTarget( pingPongRenderTarget );
		renderer.render( ggxMesh, _flatCamera );

		// Copy from pingPong back to cubeUV (simple direct copy)
		pingPongRenderTarget.texture.frame = ( pingPongRenderTarget.texture.frame || 0 ) + 1;
		ggxUniforms.envMap.value = pingPongRenderTarget.texture;
		ggxUniforms.roughness.value = 0.0; // Direct copy
		ggxUniforms.mipInt.value = _lodMax - lodOut; // Read from the level we just wrote

		this._setViewport( cubeUVRenderTarget, x, y, 3 * outputSize, 2 * outputSize );
		renderer.setRenderTarget( cubeUVRenderTarget );
		renderer.render( ggxMesh, _flatCamera );

	}

	/**
	 * This is a two-pass Gaussian blur for a cubemap. Each pass importance-samples
	 * the Gaussian along a spiral kernel (Golden Angle), which distributes samples
	 * isotropically on the sphere (no pole artifacts).
	 *
	 * Used for initial scene blur in fromScene() method when sigma > 0.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderTarget} cubeUVRenderTarget - The cubemap render target.
	 * @param {number} lodIn - The input level-of-detail.
	 * @param {number} lodOut - The output level-of-detail.
	 * @param {number} sigma - The blur radius in radians.
	 */
	_blur( cubeUVRenderTarget, lodIn, lodOut, sigma ) {

		const pingPongRenderTarget = this._pingPongRenderTarget;

		// Two passes of sigma / sqrt( 2 ) compose to a blur of sigma while squaring
		// the effective sample count. Sigmas beyond PI are visually indistinguishable
		// from a uniform blur, so clamp to keep the shader math finite.
		const blurSigma = Math.min( sigma, Math.PI ) / Math.SQRT2;

		this._blurPass( cubeUVRenderTarget, pingPongRenderTarget, lodIn, lodOut, blurSigma );
		this._blurPass( pingPongRenderTarget, cubeUVRenderTarget, lodOut, lodOut, blurSigma );

	}

	_blurPass( targetIn, targetOut, lodIn, lodOut, sigmaRadians ) {

		const renderer = this._renderer;
		const blurMaterial = this._blurMaterial;

		const blurMesh = this._lodMeshes[ lodOut ];
		blurMesh.material = blurMaterial;

		const blurUniforms = _uniformsMap.get( blurMaterial );

		targetIn.texture.frame = ( targetIn.texture.frame || 0 ) + 1;

		blurUniforms.envMap.value = targetIn.texture;
		blurUniforms.sigma.value = sigmaRadians;
		blurUniforms.mipInt.value = this._lodMax - lodIn;

		const outputSize = this._sizeLods[ lodOut ];
		const x = 3 * outputSize * ( lodOut > this._lodMax - LOD_MIN ? lodOut - this._lodMax + LOD_MIN : 0 );
		const y = 4 * ( this._cubeSize - outputSize );

		this._setViewport( targetOut, x, y, 3 * outputSize, 2 * outputSize );
		renderer.setRenderTarget( targetOut );
		renderer.render( blurMesh, _flatCamera );

	}

	_setViewport( target, x, y, width, height ) {

		if ( this._renderer.isWebGLRenderer ) {

			target.viewport.set( x, target.height - height - y, width, height );
			target.scissor.set( x, target.height - height - y, width, height );

		} else {

			target.viewport.set( x, y, width, height );
			target.scissor.set( x, y, width, height );

		}

	}


}

function _createPlanes( lodMax ) {

	const sizeLods = [];
	const lodMeshes = [];

	let lod = lodMax;

	const totalLods = lodMax - LOD_MIN + 1 + EXTRA_LODS;

	for ( let i = 0; i < totalLods; i ++ ) {

		const sizeLod = Math.pow( 2, lod );
		sizeLods.push( sizeLod );

		// UVs overshoot the face by one texel to bake the CubeUV border into the directions.
		const texelSize = 1.0 / ( sizeLod - 2 );
		const min = - texelSize;
		const max = 1 + texelSize;
		const uv1 = [ min, min, max, min, max, max, min, min, max, max, min, max ];

		const cubeFaces = 6;
		const vertices = 6;
		const positionSize = 3;

		const position = new Float32Array( positionSize * vertices * cubeFaces );
		const outputDirection = new Float32Array( positionSize * vertices * cubeFaces );

		for ( let face = 0; face < cubeFaces; face ++ ) {

			const x = ( face % 3 ) * 2 / 3 - 1;
			const y = face > 2 ? 0 : -1;
			const coordinates = [
				x, y, 0,
				x + 2 / 3, y, 0,
				x + 2 / 3, y + 1, 0,
				x, y, 0,
				x + 2 / 3, y + 1, 0,
				x, y + 1, 0
			];

			const faceIdx = _faceLib[ face ];
			position.set( coordinates, positionSize * vertices * faceIdx );

			for ( let vertex = 0; vertex < vertices; vertex ++ ) {

				const u = uv1[ vertex * 2 ] * 2 - 1;
				const v = uv1[ vertex * 2 + 1 ] * 2 - 1;

				// RH coordinate system; PMREM face-indexing convention
				if ( faceIdx === 0 ) {

					_direction.set( 1, v, u ); // pos x

				} else if ( faceIdx === 1 ) {

					_direction.set( - u, 1, - v ); // pos y

				} else if ( faceIdx === 2 ) {

					_direction.set( - u, v, 1 ); // pos z

				} else if ( faceIdx === 3 ) {

					_direction.set( -1, v, - u ); // neg x

				} else if ( faceIdx === 4 ) {

					_direction.set( - u, -1, v ); // neg y

				} else {

					_direction.set( u, v, -1 ); // neg z

				}

				_direction.toArray( outputDirection, ( faceIdx * vertices + vertex ) * positionSize );

			}

		}

		const planes = new BufferGeometry();
		planes.setAttribute( 'position', new BufferAttribute( position, positionSize ) );
		planes.setAttribute( 'outputDirection', new BufferAttribute( outputDirection, positionSize ) );
		lodMeshes.push( new Mesh( planes, null ) );

		if ( lod > LOD_MIN ) {

			lod --;

		}

	}

	return { lodMeshes, sizeLods };

}

function _createRenderTarget( width, height, depthBuffer ) {

	const params = {
		magFilter: LinearFilter,
		minFilter: LinearFilter,
		generateMipmaps: false,
		type: HalfFloatType,
		format: RGBAFormat,
		colorSpace: LinearSRGBColorSpace,
		depthBuffer
	};

	const cubeUVRenderTarget = new RenderTarget( width, height, params );
	cubeUVRenderTarget.texture.mapping = CubeUVReflectionMapping;
	cubeUVRenderTarget.texture.name = 'PMREM.cubeUv';
	cubeUVRenderTarget.texture.isPMREMTexture = true;
	cubeUVRenderTarget.scissorTest = true;
	return cubeUVRenderTarget;

}

function _getMaterial( type ) {

	const material = new NodeMaterial();
	material.depthTest = false;
	material.depthWrite = false;
	material.blending = NoBlending;
	material.name = `PMREM_${ type }`;

	return material;

}

function _getBlurShader( lodMax, width, height ) {

	const envMap = texture();
	const sigma = uniform( 0 );
	const mipInt = uniform( 0 ); // int
	const CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH = float( 1 / width );
	const CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT = float( 1 / height );
	const CUBEUV_MAX_MIP = float( lodMax );

	const materialUniforms = {
		envMap,
		sigma,
		mipInt,
		CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH,
		CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT,
		CUBEUV_MAX_MIP
	};

	const material = _getMaterial( 'blur' );
	material.fragmentNode = sphericalGaussianBlur( {
		...materialUniforms,
		outputDirection: _outputDirection,
		SAMPLES: int( BLUR_SAMPLES )
	} );

	_uniformsMap.set( material, materialUniforms );

	return material;

}

function _getGGXShader( lodMax, width, height ) {

	const envMap = texture();
	const roughness = uniform( 0 );
	const mipInt = uniform( 0 );
	const CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH = float( 1 / width );
	const CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT = float( 1 / height );
	const CUBEUV_MAX_MIP = float( lodMax );

	const materialUniforms = {
		envMap,
		roughness,
		mipInt,
		CUBEUV_TEXEL_WIDTH,
		CUBEUV_TEXEL_HEIGHT,
		CUBEUV_MAX_MIP
	};

	const material = _getMaterial( 'ggx' );
	material.fragmentNode = ggxConvolution( {
		...materialUniforms,
		N_immutable: _outputDirection,
		GGX_SAMPLES: uint( GGX_SAMPLES )
	} );

	_uniformsMap.set( material, materialUniforms );

	return material;

}

function _getCubemapMaterial( envTexture ) {

	const material = _getMaterial( 'cubemap' );
	material.fragmentNode = cubeTexture( envTexture, _outputDirection );

	return material;

}

function _getEquirectMaterial( envTexture ) {

	const material = _getMaterial( 'equirect' );
	material.fragmentNode = texture( envTexture, equirectUV( _outputDirection ), 0 );

	return material;

}

const _cache = new WeakMap();

/**
 * Generates the cubeUV size based on the given image height.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {number} imageHeight - The image height.
 * @return {{texelWidth: number,texelHeight: number, maxMip: number}} The result object.
 */
function _generateCubeUVSize( imageHeight ) {

	const maxMip = Math.log2( imageHeight ) - 2;

	const texelHeight = 1.0 / imageHeight;

	const texelWidth = 1.0 / ( 3 * Math.max( Math.pow( 2, maxMip ), 7 * 16 ) );

	return { texelWidth, texelHeight, maxMip };

}

/**
 * Generates a PMREM from the given texture.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to create the PMREM for.
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {PMREMGenerator} generator - The PMREM generator.
 * @return {?Texture} The PMREM.
 */
function _getPMREMFromTexture( texture, renderer, generator ) {

	const cache = _getCache( renderer );

	let cacheTexture = cache.get( texture );

	const pmremVersion = cacheTexture !== undefined ? cacheTexture.pmremVersion : -1;

	if ( pmremVersion !== texture.pmremVersion ) {

		const image = texture.image;

		if ( texture.isCubeTexture ) {

			if ( isCubeMapReady( image ) ) {

				cacheTexture = generator.fromCubemap( texture, cacheTexture );

			} else {

				return null;

			}


		} else {

			if ( isEquirectangularMapReady( image ) ) {

				cacheTexture = generator.fromEquirectangular( texture, cacheTexture );

			} else {

				return null;

			}

		}

		cacheTexture.pmremVersion = texture.pmremVersion;

		// add dispose event listener for new PMREMs

		if ( cache.has( texture ) === false ) {

			const onDispose = () => {

				texture.removeEventListener( 'dispose', onDispose );

				const pmrem = cache.get( texture );

				if ( pmrem !== undefined ) {

					pmrem.dispose();
					cache.delete( texture );

				}

			};

			texture.addEventListener( 'dispose', onDispose );

		}

		//

		cache.set( texture, cacheTexture );

	}

	return cacheTexture.texture;

}

/**
 * Returns a cache that stores generated PMREMs for the respective textures.
 * A cache must be maintained per renderer since PMREMs are render target textures
 * which can't be shared across render contexts.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @return {WeakMap<Texture, Texture>} The PMREM cache.
 */
function _getCache( renderer ) {

	let rendererCache = _cache.get( renderer );

	if ( rendererCache === undefined ) {

		rendererCache = new WeakMap();
		_cache.set( renderer, rendererCache );

	}

	return rendererCache;

}

/**
 * This node represents a PMREM which is a special type of preprocessed
 * environment map intended for PBR materials.
 *
 * ```js
 * const material = new MeshStandardNodeMaterial();
 * material.envNode = pmremTexture( envMap );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class PMREMNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'PMREMNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new function overloading node.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} value - The input texture.
	 * @param {Node<vec2>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
	 * @param {Node<float>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
	 */
	constructor( value, uvNode = null, levelNode = null ) {

		super( 'vec3' );

		/**
		 * Reference to the input texture.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Texture}
		 */
		this._value = value;

		/**
		 * Reference to the generated PMREM.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Texture | null}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._pmrem = null;

		/**
		 *  The uv node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec2>}
		 */
		this.uvNode = uvNode;

		/**
		 *  The level node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<float>}
		 */
		this.levelNode = levelNode;

		/**
		 * Reference to a PMREM generator.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?PMREMGenerator}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._generator = null;

		const defaultTexture = new Texture();
		defaultTexture.isRenderTargetTexture = true;

		/**
		 * The texture node holding the generated PMREM.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {TextureNode}
		 */
		this._texture = texture( defaultTexture );

		/**
		 * A uniform representing the PMREM's width.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this._width = uniform( 0 );

		/**
		 * A uniform representing the PMREM's height.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this._height = uniform( 0 );

		/**
		 * A uniform representing the PMREM's max Mip.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this._maxMip = uniform( 0 );

		/**
		 * The `updateBeforeType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.RENDER`.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

	}

	set value( value ) {

		this._value = value;
		this._pmrem = null;

	}

	/**
	 * The node's texture value.
	 *
	 * @type {Texture}
	 */
	get value() {

		return this._value;

	}

	/**
	 * Uses the given PMREM texture to update internal values.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The PMREM texture.
	 */
	updateFromTexture( texture ) {

		const cubeUVSize = _generateCubeUVSize( texture.image.height );

		this._texture.value = texture;
		this._width.value = cubeUVSize.texelWidth;
		this._height.value = cubeUVSize.texelHeight;
		this._maxMip.value = cubeUVSize.maxMip;

	}

	updateBefore( frame ) {

		let pmrem = this._pmrem;

		const pmremVersion = pmrem ? pmrem.pmremVersion : -1;
		const texture = this._value;

		if ( pmremVersion !== texture.pmremVersion ) {

			if ( texture.isPMREMTexture === true || texture.mapping === CubeUVReflectionMapping ) {

				pmrem = texture;

			} else {

				pmrem = _getPMREMFromTexture( texture, frame.renderer, this._generator );

			}

			if ( pmrem !== null ) {

				this._pmrem = pmrem;

				this.updateFromTexture( pmrem );

			}

		}

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		if ( this._generator === null ) {

			this._generator = new PMREMGenerator( builder.renderer );

		}

		this.updateBefore( builder );

		//

		let uvNode = this.uvNode;

		if ( uvNode === null && builder.context.getUV ) {

			uvNode = builder.context.getUV( this, builder );

		}

		//

		// PMREMGenerator renders into a render target with inverted Y, so its output needs the Y
		// flip on sampling. Externally authored PMREMs follow the standard convention and don't.

		uvNode = this._pmrem === null || this._pmrem.isRenderTargetTexture
			? materialEnvRotation.mul( vec3( uvNode.x, uvNode.y.negate(), uvNode.z ) )
			: materialEnvRotation.mul( uvNode );

		//

		let levelNode = this.levelNode;

		if ( levelNode === null && builder.context.getTextureLevel ) {

			levelNode = builder.context.getTextureLevel( this );

		}

		//

		return textureCubeUV( this._texture, uvNode, levelNode, this._width, this._height, this._maxMip );

	}

	dispose() {

		super.dispose();

		if ( this._generator !== null ) this._generator.dispose();

	}

}

/**
 * Returns `true` if the given cube map image has been fully loaded.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {?Array<(Image|Object)>} [image] - The cube map image.
 * @return {boolean} Whether the given cube map is ready or not.
 */
function isCubeMapReady( image ) {

	if ( image === null || image === undefined ) return false;

	let count = 0;
	const length = 6;

	for ( let i = 0; i < length; i ++ ) {

		if ( image[ i ] !== undefined ) count ++;

	}

	return count === length;


}

/**
 * Returns `true` if the given equirectangular image has been fully loaded.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {(Image|Object)} image - The equirectangular image.
 * @return {boolean} Whether the given cube map is ready or not.
 */
function isEquirectangularMapReady( image ) {

	if ( image === null || image === undefined ) return false;

	return image.height > 0;

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a PMREM node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Texture} value - The input texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec2>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @returns {PMREMNode}
 */
const pmremTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( PMREMNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 3 );

const _rendererCache = new WeakMap();

/**
 * Represents a physical model for Image-based lighting (IBL). The environment
 * is defined via environment maps in the equirectangular, cube map or cubeUV (PMREM) format.
 * `EnvironmentNode` is intended for PBR materials like {@link MeshStandardNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments LightingNode
 */
class EnvironmentNode extends LightingNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'EnvironmentNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new environment node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} [envNode=null] - A node representing the environment.
	 */
	constructor( envNode = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * A node representing the environment.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.envNode = envNode;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { material } = builder;

		let envNode = this.envNode;

		if ( envNode.isTextureNode || envNode.isMaterialReferenceNode ) {

			const value = ( envNode.isTextureNode ) ? envNode.value : material[ envNode.property ];

			const cache = this._getPMREMNodeCache( builder.renderer );

			let cacheEnvNode = cache.get( value );

			if ( cacheEnvNode === undefined ) {

				cacheEnvNode = pmremTexture( value );

				cache.set( value, cacheEnvNode );

			}

			envNode	= cacheEnvNode;

		}

		//

		const useAnisotropy = material.useAnisotropy === true || material.anisotropy > 0;
		const radianceNormalView = useAnisotropy ? bentNormalView : normalView;

		const radiance = envNode.context( createRadianceContext( roughness, radianceNormalView ) ).mul( materialEnvIntensity );
		const irradiance = envNode.context( createIrradianceContext( normalWorld ) ).mul( Math.PI ).mul( materialEnvIntensity );

		const isolateRadiance = isolate( radiance );
		const isolateIrradiance = isolate( irradiance );

		//

		builder.context.radiance.addAssign( isolateRadiance );

		builder.context.iblIrradiance.addAssign( isolateIrradiance );

		//

		const clearcoatRadiance = builder.context.lightingModel.clearcoatRadiance;

		if ( clearcoatRadiance ) {

			const clearcoatRadianceContext = envNode.context( createRadianceContext( clearcoatRoughness, clearcoatNormalView ) ).mul( materialEnvIntensity );
			const isolateClearcoatRadiance = isolate( clearcoatRadianceContext );

			clearcoatRadiance.addAssign( isolateClearcoatRadiance );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the PMREM node cache of the current renderer.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The current renderer.
	 * @return {WeakMap} The node cache.
	 */
	_getPMREMNodeCache( renderer ) {

		let pmremCache = _rendererCache.get( renderer );

		if ( pmremCache === undefined ) {

			pmremCache = new WeakMap();

			_rendererCache.set( renderer, pmremCache );

		}

		return pmremCache;

	}

}

const createRadianceContext = ( roughnessNode, normalViewNode ) => {

	let reflectVec = null;

	return {
		getUV: () => {

			if ( reflectVec === null ) {

				reflectVec = positionViewDirection.negate().reflect( normalViewNode );

				// Mixing the reflection with the normal is more accurate and keeps rough objects from gathering light from behind their tangent plane.
				reflectVec = pow4( roughnessNode ).mix( reflectVec, normalViewNode ).normalize();

				reflectVec = reflectVec.transformDirection( cameraWorldMatrix );

			}

			return reflectVec;

		},
		getTextureLevel: () => {

			return roughnessNode;

		}
	};

};

const createIrradianceContext = ( normalWorldNode ) => {

	return {
		getUV: () => {

			return normalWorldNode;

		},
		getTextureLevel: () => {

			return float( 1.0 );

		}
	};

};

const _defaultValues$6 = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshStandardMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshStandardMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class MeshStandardNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshStandardNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh standard node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshStandardNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Set to `true` because standard materials react on lights.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.lights = true;

		/**
		 * The emissive color of standard materials is by default inferred from the `emissive`,
		 * `emissiveIntensity` and `emissiveMap` properties. This node property allows to
		 * overwrite the default and define the emissive color with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the emissive color but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialEmissive}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.emissiveNode = null;

		/**
		 * The metalness of standard materials is by default inferred from the `metalness`,
		 * and `metalnessMap` properties. This node property allows to
		 * overwrite the default and define the metalness with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the metalness but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialMetalness}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.metalnessNode = null;

		/**
		 * The roughness of standard materials is by default inferred from the `roughness`,
		 * and `roughnessMap` properties. This node property allows to
		 * overwrite the default and define the roughness with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the roughness but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialRoughness}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.roughnessNode = null;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$6 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since this type of material uses {@link EnvironmentNode}
	 * to implement the PBR (PMREM based) environment mapping. Besides, the
	 * method honors `Scene.environment`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {?EnvironmentNode<vec3>} The environment node.
	 */
	setupEnvironment( builder ) {

		let envNode = super.setupEnvironment( builder );

		if ( envNode === null && builder.environmentNode ) {

			envNode = builder.environmentNode;

		}

		return envNode ? new EnvironmentNode( envNode ) : null;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {PhysicalLightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		return new PhysicalLightingModel();

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the specular related node variables.
	 */
	setupSpecular() {

		const specularColorNode = mix( vec3( 0.04 ), diffuseColor.rgb, metalness );

		specularColor.assign( vec3( 0.04 ) );
		specularColorBlended.assign( specularColorNode );
		specularF90.assign( 1.0 );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the standard specific node variables.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupVariants() {

		// METALNESS

		const metalnessNode = this.metalnessNode ? float( this.metalnessNode ) : materialMetalness;

		metalness.assign( metalnessNode );

		// ROUGHNESS

		let roughnessNode = this.roughnessNode ? float( this.roughnessNode ) : materialRoughness;
		roughnessNode = getRoughness( { roughness: roughnessNode } );

		roughness.assign( roughnessNode );

		// SPECULAR COLOR

		this.setupSpecular();

		// DIFFUSE COLOR

		diffuseContribution.assign( diffuseColor.rgb.mul( metalnessNode.oneMinus() ) );

	}

}

const _defaultValues$5 = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshPhysicalMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshPhysicalMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments MeshStandardNodeMaterial
 */
class MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial extends MeshStandardNodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh physical node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshPhysicalNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * The clearcoat of physical materials is by default inferred from the `clearcoat`
		 * and `clearcoatMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the clearcoat with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the clearcoat but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialClearcoat}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clearcoatNode = null;

		/**
		 * The clearcoat roughness of physical materials is by default inferred from the `clearcoatRoughness`
		 * and `clearcoatRoughnessMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the clearcoat roughness with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the clearcoat roughness but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialClearcoatRoughness}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clearcoatRoughnessNode = null;

		/**
		 * The clearcoat normal of physical materials is by default inferred from the `clearcoatNormalMap`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the clearcoat normal with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the clearcoat normal but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialClearcoatNormal}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clearcoatNormalNode = null;

		/**
		 * The sheen of physical materials is by default inferred from the `sheen`, `sheenColor`
		 * and `sheenColorMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the sheen with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the sheen but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialSheen}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.sheenNode = null;

		/**
		 * The sheen roughness of physical materials is by default inferred from the `sheenRoughness` and
		 * `sheenRoughnessMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the sheen roughness with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the sheen roughness but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialSheenRoughness}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.sheenRoughnessNode = null;

		/**
		 * The iridescence of physical materials is by default inferred from the `iridescence`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the iridescence with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the iridescence but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialIridescence}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iridescenceNode = null;

		/**
		 * The iridescence IOR of physical materials is by default inferred from the `iridescenceIOR`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the iridescence IOR with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the iridescence IOR but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialIridescenceIOR}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iridescenceIORNode = null;

		/**
		 * The iridescence thickness of physical materials is by default inferred from the `iridescenceThicknessRange`
		 * and `iridescenceThicknessMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the iridescence thickness with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the iridescence thickness but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialIridescenceThickness}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iridescenceThicknessNode = null;

		/**
		 * The specular intensity of physical materials is by default inferred from the `specularIntensity`
		 * and `specularIntensityMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the specular intensity with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the specular intensity but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialSpecularIntensity}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.specularIntensityNode = null;

		/**
		 * The specular color of physical materials is by default inferred from the `specularColor`
		 * and `specularColorMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the specular color with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the specular color but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialSpecularColor}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.specularColorNode = null;

		/**
		 * The ior of physical materials is by default inferred from the `ior`
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the ior with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the ior but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialIOR}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iorNode = null;

		/**
		 * The transmission of physical materials is by default inferred from the `transmission` and
		 * `transmissionMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the transmission with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the transmission but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialTransmission}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.transmissionNode = null;

		/**
		 * The thickness of physical materials is by default inferred from the `thickness` and
		 * `thicknessMap` properties. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the thickness with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the thickness but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialThickness}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.thicknessNode = null;

		/**
		 * The attenuation distance of physical materials is by default inferred from the
		 * `attenuationDistance` property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the attenuation distance with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the attenuation distance but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialAttenuationDistance}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.attenuationDistanceNode = null;

		/**
		 * The attenuation color of physical materials is by default inferred from the
		 * `attenuationColor` property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the attenuation color with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the attenuation color but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialAttenuationColor}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.attenuationColorNode = null;

		/**
		 * The dispersion of physical materials is by default inferred from the
		 * `dispersion` property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the dispersion with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the dispersion but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialDispersion}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.dispersionNode = null;

		/**
		 * The retroreflective strength of physical materials is by default inferred from the
		 * `retroreflective` property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the retroreflective strength with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the retroreflective strength but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialRetroreflective}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.retroreflectiveNode = null;

		/**
		 * The anisotropy of physical materials is by default inferred from the
		 * `anisotropy` property. This node property allows to overwrite the default
		 * and define the anisotropy with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the anisotropy but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialAnisotropy}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.anisotropyNode = null;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$5 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use clearcoat or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useClearcoat() {

		return this.clearcoat > 0 || this.clearcoatNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use iridescence or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useIridescence() {

		return this.iridescence > 0 || this.iridescenceNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use sheen or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useSheen() {

		return this.sheen > 0 || this.sheenNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use anisotropy or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useAnisotropy() {

		return this.anisotropy > 0 || this.anisotropyNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use transmission or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useTransmission() {

		return this.transmission > 0 || this.transmissionNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use dispersion or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useDispersion() {

		return this.dispersion > 0 || this.dispersionNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use retroreflection or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useRetroreflective() {

		return this.retroreflective > 0 || this.retroreflectiveNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the specular related node variables.
	 */
	setupSpecular() {

		const iorNode = this.iorNode ? float( this.iorNode ) : materialIOR;

		ior.assign( iorNode );
		specularColor.assign( min$1( pow2( ior.sub( 1.0 ).div( ior.add( 1.0 ) ) ).mul( materialSpecularColor ), vec3( 1.0 ) ).mul( materialSpecularIntensity ) );
		specularColorBlended.assign( mix( specularColor, diffuseColor.rgb, metalness ) );
		specularF90.assign( mix( materialSpecularIntensity, 1.0, metalness ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {PhysicalLightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		return new PhysicalLightingModel( this.useClearcoat, this.useSheen, this.useIridescence, this.useAnisotropy, this.useTransmission, this.useDispersion, this.useRetroreflective );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the physical specific node variables.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupVariants( builder ) {

		super.setupVariants( builder );

		// CLEARCOAT

		if ( this.useClearcoat ) {

			const clearcoatNode = this.clearcoatNode ? float( this.clearcoatNode ) : materialClearcoat;
			const clearcoatRoughnessNode = this.clearcoatRoughnessNode ? float( this.clearcoatRoughnessNode ) : materialClearcoatRoughness;

			clearcoat.assign( clearcoatNode );
			clearcoatRoughness.assign( getRoughness( { roughness: clearcoatRoughnessNode } ) );

		}

		// SHEEN

		if ( this.useSheen ) {

			const sheenNode = this.sheenNode ? vec3( this.sheenNode ) : materialSheen;
			const sheenRoughnessNode = this.sheenRoughnessNode ? float( this.sheenRoughnessNode ) : materialSheenRoughness;

			sheen.assign( sheenNode );
			sheenRoughness.assign( sheenRoughnessNode );

		}

		// RETROREFLECTIVE

		if ( this.useRetroreflective ) {

			const retroreflectiveNode = this.retroreflectiveNode ? float( this.retroreflectiveNode ) : materialRetroreflective;

			retroreflective.assign( retroreflectiveNode );

		}

		// IRIDESCENCE

		if ( this.useIridescence ) {

			const iridescenceNode = this.iridescenceNode ? float( this.iridescenceNode ) : materialIridescence;
			const iridescenceIORNode = this.iridescenceIORNode ? float( this.iridescenceIORNode ) : materialIridescenceIOR;
			const iridescenceThicknessNode = this.iridescenceThicknessNode ? float( this.iridescenceThicknessNode ) : materialIridescenceThickness;

			iridescence.assign( iridescenceNode );
			iridescenceIOR.assign( iridescenceIORNode );
			iridescenceThickness.assign( iridescenceThicknessNode );

		}

		// ANISOTROPY

		if ( this.useAnisotropy ) {

			const anisotropyV = ( this.anisotropyNode ? vec2( this.anisotropyNode ) : materialAnisotropy ).toVar();

			anisotropy.assign( anisotropyV.length() );

			If( anisotropy.equal( 0.0 ), () => {

				anisotropyV.assign( vec2( 1.0, 0.0 ) );

			} ).Else( () => {

				anisotropyV.divAssign( vec2( anisotropy ) );
				anisotropy.assign( anisotropy.saturate() );

			} );

			// Roughness along the anisotropy bitangent is the material roughness, while the tangent roughness increases with anisotropy.
			alphaT.assign( anisotropy.pow2().mix( roughness.pow2(), 1.0 ) );

			anisotropyT.assign( TBNViewMatrix[ 0 ].mul( anisotropyV.x ).add( TBNViewMatrix[ 1 ].mul( anisotropyV.y ) ) );
			anisotropyB.assign( TBNViewMatrix[ 1 ].mul( anisotropyV.x ).sub( TBNViewMatrix[ 0 ].mul( anisotropyV.y ) ) );

		}

		// TRANSMISSION

		if ( this.useTransmission ) {

			const transmissionNode = this.transmissionNode ? float( this.transmissionNode ) : materialTransmission;
			const thicknessNode = this.thicknessNode ? float( this.thicknessNode ) : materialThickness;
			const attenuationDistanceNode = this.attenuationDistanceNode ? float( this.attenuationDistanceNode ) : materialAttenuationDistance;
			const attenuationColorNode = this.attenuationColorNode ? vec3( this.attenuationColorNode ) : materialAttenuationColor;

			transmission.assign( transmissionNode );
			thickness.assign( thicknessNode );
			attenuationDistance.assign( attenuationDistanceNode );
			attenuationColor.assign( attenuationColorNode );

			if ( this.useDispersion ) {

				const dispersionNode = this.dispersionNode ? float( this.dispersionNode ) : materialDispersion;

				dispersion.assign( dispersionNode );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the clearcoat normal node.
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The clearcoat normal.
	 */
	setupClearcoatNormal() {

		return this.clearcoatNormalNode ? vec3( this.clearcoatNormalNode ) : materialClearcoatNormal;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		builder.context.setupClearcoatNormal = () => subBuild( this.setupClearcoatNormal( builder ), 'NORMAL', 'vec3' );

		super.setup( builder );

	}

}

/**
 * Represents the lighting model for {@link MeshSSSNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments PhysicalLightingModel
 */
class SSSLightingModel extends PhysicalLightingModel {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new physical lighting model.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [clearcoat=false] - Whether clearcoat is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [sheen=false] - Whether sheen is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [iridescence=false] - Whether iridescence is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [anisotropy=false] - Whether anisotropy is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [transmission=false] - Whether transmission is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [dispersion=false] - Whether dispersion is supported or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [sss=false] - Whether SSS is supported or not.
	 */
	constructor( clearcoat = false, sheen = false, iridescence = false, anisotropy = false, transmission = false, dispersion = false, sss = false ) {

		super( clearcoat, sheen, iridescence, anisotropy, transmission, dispersion );

		/**
		 * Whether the lighting model should use SSS or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.useSSS = sss;

	}

	/**
	 * Extends the default implementation with a SSS term.
	 *
	 * Reference: [Approximating Translucency for a Fast, Cheap and Convincing Subsurface Scattering Look](https://colinbarrebrisebois.com/2011/03/07/gdc-2011-approximating-translucency-for-a-fast-cheap-and-convincing-subsurface-scattering-look/)
	 *
	 * @param {Object} input - The input data.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	direct( { lightDirection, lightColor, reflectedLight }, builder ) {

		if ( this.useSSS === true ) {

			const material = builder.material;

			const { thicknessColorNode, thicknessDistortionNode, thicknessAmbientNode, thicknessAttenuationNode, thicknessPowerNode, thicknessScaleNode } = material;

			const scatteringHalf = lightDirection.add( normalView.mul( thicknessDistortionNode ) ).normalize();
			const scatteringDot = float( positionViewDirection.dot( scatteringHalf.negate() ).saturate().pow( thicknessPowerNode ).mul( thicknessScaleNode ) );
			const scatteringIllu = vec3( scatteringDot.add( thicknessAmbientNode ).mul( thicknessColorNode ) );

			reflectedLight.directDiffuse.addAssign( scatteringIllu.mul( thicknessAttenuationNode.mul( lightColor ) ) );

		}

		super.direct( { lightDirection, lightColor, reflectedLight }, builder );

	}

}

/**
 * This node material is an experimental extension of {@link MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial}
 * that implements a Subsurface scattering (SSS) term.
 *
 * @augments MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial
 */
class MeshSSSNodeMaterial extends MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshSSSNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh SSS node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super( parameters );

		/**
		 * Represents the thickness color.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.thicknessColorNode = null;

		/**
		 * Represents the distortion factor.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 */
		this.thicknessDistortionNode = float( 0.1 );

		/**
		 * Represents the thickness ambient factor.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 */
		this.thicknessAmbientNode = float( 0.0 );

		/**
		 * Represents the thickness attenuation.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 */
		this.thicknessAttenuationNode = float( .1 );

		/**
		 * Represents the thickness power.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 */
		this.thicknessPowerNode = float( 2.0 );

		/**
		 * Represents the thickness scale.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 */
		this.thicknessScaleNode = float( 10.0 );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the lighting model should use SSS or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get useSSS() {

		return this.thicknessColorNode !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {SSSLightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		return new SSSLightingModel( this.useClearcoat, this.useSheen, this.useIridescence, this.useAnisotropy, this.useTransmission, this.useDispersion, this.useSSS );

	}

}

const getGradientIrradiance = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { normal, lightDirection, builder } ) => {

	// dotNL will be from -1.0 to 1.0
	const dotNL = normal.dot( lightDirection );
	const coord = vec2( dotNL.mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 ), 0.0 );

	if ( builder.material.gradientMap ) {

		const gradientMap = materialReference( 'gradientMap', 'texture' ).context( { getUV: () => coord } );

		return vec3( gradientMap.r );

	} else {

		const fw = coord.fwidth().mul( 0.5 );

		return mix( vec3( 0.7 ), vec3( 1.0 ), smoothstep( float( 0.7 ).sub( fw.x ), float( 0.7 ).add( fw.x ), coord.x ) );

	}

} );

/**
 * Represents the lighting model for a toon material. Used in {@link MeshToonNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments LightingModel
 */
class ToonLightingModel extends LightingModel {

	/**
	 * Implements the direct lighting. Instead of using a conventional smooth irradiance, the irradiance is
	 * reduced to a small number of discrete shades to create a comic-like, flat look.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} lightData - The light data.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	direct( { lightDirection, lightColor, reflectedLight }, builder ) {

		const irradiance = getGradientIrradiance( { normal: normalGeometry, lightDirection, builder } ).mul( lightColor );

		reflectedLight.directDiffuse.addAssign( irradiance.mul( BRDF_Lambert( { diffuseColor: diffuseColor.rgb } ) ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the indirect lighting.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	indirect( builder ) {

		const { ambientOcclusion, irradiance, reflectedLight } = builder.context;

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.addAssign( irradiance.mul( BRDF_Lambert( { diffuseColor } ) ) );

		reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse.mulAssign( ambientOcclusion );

	}

}

const _defaultValues$4 = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshToonMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshToonMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class MeshToonNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshToonNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh toon node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshToonNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Set to `true` because toon materials react on lights.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.lights = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$4 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {ToonLightingModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		return new ToonLightingModel();

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a matcap uv node.
 *
 * Can be used to compute texture coordinates for projecting a
 * matcap onto a mesh. Used by {@link MeshMatcapNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {Node<vec2>} The matcap UV coordinates.
 */
const matcapUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( () => {

	const x = vec3( positionViewDirection.z, 0, positionViewDirection.x.negate() ).normalize();
	const y = positionViewDirection.cross( x );

	return vec2( x.dot( normalView ), y.dot( normalView ) ).mul( 0.495 ).add( 0.5 ); // 0.495 to remove artifacts caused by undersized matcap disks

} ).once( [ 'NORMAL', 'VERTEX' ] )().toVar( 'matcapUV' );

const _defaultValues$3 = /*@__PURE__*/ new MeshMatcapMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link MeshMatcapMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class MeshMatcapNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'MeshMatcapNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new mesh normal node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMeshMatcapNodeMaterial = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$3 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the matcap specific node variables.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupVariants( builder ) {

		const uv = matcapUV;

		let matcapColor;

		if ( builder.material.matcap ) {

			matcapColor = materialReference( 'matcap', 'texture' ).context( { getUV: () => uv } );

		} else {

			matcapColor = vec3( mix( 0.2, 0.8, uv.y ) ); // default if matcap is missing

		}

		diffuseColor.rgb.mulAssign( matcapColor.rgb );

	}

}

/**
 * Applies a rotation to the given position node.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class RotateNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'RotateNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new rotate node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} positionNode - The position node.
	 * @param {Node} rotationNode - Represents the rotation that is applied to the position node. Depending
	 * on whether the position data are 2D or 3D, the rotation is expressed a single float value or an Euler value.
	 */
	constructor( positionNode, rotationNode ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The position node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.positionNode = positionNode;

		/**
		 *  Represents the rotation that is applied to the position node.
		 *  Depending on whether the position data are 2D or 3D, the rotation is expressed a single float value or an Euler value.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.rotationNode = rotationNode;

	}

	/**
	 * The type of the {@link RotateNode#positionNode} defines the node's type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node's type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.positionNode.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { rotationNode, positionNode } = this;

		const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );

		if ( nodeType === 'vec2' ) {

			const cosAngle = rotationNode.cos();
			const sinAngle = rotationNode.sin();

			const rotationMatrix = mat2(
				cosAngle, sinAngle,
				sinAngle.negate(), cosAngle
			);

			return rotationMatrix.mul( positionNode );

		} else {

			const rotation = rotationNode;
			const rotationXMatrix = mat4( vec4( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ), vec4( 0.0, cos( rotation.x ), sin( rotation.x ).negate(), 0.0 ), vec4( 0.0, sin( rotation.x ), cos( rotation.x ), 0.0 ), vec4( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ) );
			const rotationYMatrix = mat4( vec4( cos( rotation.y ), 0.0, sin( rotation.y ), 0.0 ), vec4( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ), vec4( sin( rotation.y ).negate(), 0.0, cos( rotation.y ), 0.0 ), vec4( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ) );
			const rotationZMatrix = mat4( vec4( cos( rotation.z ), sin( rotation.z ).negate(), 0.0, 0.0 ), vec4( sin( rotation.z ), cos( rotation.z ), 0.0, 0.0 ), vec4( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 ), vec4( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ) );

			return rotationXMatrix.mul( rotationYMatrix ).mul( rotationZMatrix ).mul( vec4( positionNode, 1.0 ) ).xyz;

		}

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a rotate node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} positionNode - The position node.
 * @param {Node} rotationNode - Represents the rotation that is applied to the position node. Depending
 * on whether the position data are 2D or 3D, the rotation is expressed a single float value or an Euler value.
 * @returns {RotateNode}
 */
const rotate = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( RotateNode ).setParameterLength( 2 );

const _defaultValues$2 = /*@__PURE__*/ new SpriteMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link SpriteMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class SpriteNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'SpriteNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new sprite node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSpriteNodeMaterial = true;

		this._useSizeAttenuation = true;

		/**
		 * This property makes it possible to define the position of the sprite with a
		 * node. That can be useful when the material is used with instanced rendering
		 * and node data are defined with an instanced attribute node:
		 * ```js
		 * const positionAttribute = new InstancedBufferAttribute( new Float32Array( positions ), 3 );
		 * material.positionNode = instancedBufferAttribute( positionAttribute );
		 * ```
		 * Another possibility is to compute the instanced data with a compute shader:
		 * ```js
		 * const positionBuffer = instancedArray( particleCount, 'vec3' );
		 * particleMaterial.positionNode = positionBuffer.toAttribute();
		 * ```
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec2>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.positionNode = null;

		/**
		 * The rotation of sprite materials is by default inferred from the `rotation`,
		 * property. This node property allows to overwrite the default and define
		 * the rotation with a node instead.
		 *
		 * If you don't want to overwrite the rotation but modify the existing
		 * value instead, use {@link materialRotation}.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.rotationNode = null;

		/**
		 * This node property provides an additional way to scale sprites next to
		 * `Object3D.scale`. The scale transformation based in `Object3D.scale`
		 * is multiplied with the scale value of this node in the vertex shader.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec2>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.scaleNode = null;

		/**
		 * In Sprites, the transparent property is enabled by default.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.transparent = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$2 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the position node in view space. This method implements
	 * the sprite specific vertex shader.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The position in view space.
	 */
	setupPositionView( builder ) {

		const { object, camera } = builder;

		const { positionNode, rotationNode, scaleNode, sizeAttenuation } = this;

		const mvPosition = modelViewMatrix.mul( vec3( positionNode || 0 ) );

		let scale = vec2( modelWorldMatrix[ 0 ].xyz.length(), modelWorldMatrix[ 1 ].xyz.length() );

		if ( scaleNode !== null ) {

			scale = scale.mul( vec2( scaleNode ) );

		}

		if ( camera.isPerspectiveCamera && sizeAttenuation === false ) {

			scale = scale.mul( mvPosition.z.negate() );

		}

		let alignedPosition = positionGeometry.xy;

		if ( object.center && object.center.isVector2 === true ) {

			const center = reference$1( 'center', 'vec2', object );

			alignedPosition = alignedPosition.sub( center.sub( 0.5 ) );

		}

		alignedPosition = alignedPosition.mul( scale );

		const rotation = float( rotationNode || materialRotation );

		const rotatedPosition = rotate( alignedPosition, rotation );

		return vec4( mvPosition.xy.add( rotatedPosition ), mvPosition.zw );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether to use size attenuation or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get sizeAttenuation() {

		return this._useSizeAttenuation;

	}

	set sizeAttenuation( value ) {

		if ( this._useSizeAttenuation !== value ) {

			this._useSizeAttenuation = value;
			this.needsUpdate = true;

		}

	}

}

const _defaultValues$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new PointsMaterial();
const _size$4 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector2();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link PointsMaterial}.
 *
 * This material can be used in two ways:
 *
 * - By rendering point primitives with {@link Points}. Since WebGPU only supports point primitives
 * with a pixel size of `1`, it's not possible to define a size.
 *
 * ```js
 * const pointCloud = new THREE.Points( geometry, new THREE.PointsNodeMaterial() );
 * ```
 *
 * - By rendering point primitives with {@link Sprites}. In this case, size is honored,
 * see {@link PointsNodeMaterial#sizeNode}.
 *
 * ```js
 * const instancedPoints = new THREE.Sprite( new THREE.PointsNodeMaterial( { positionNode: instancedBufferAttribute( positionAttribute ) } ) );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments SpriteNodeMaterial
 */
class PointsNodeMaterial extends SpriteNodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'PointsNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new points node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This node property provides an additional way to set the point size.
		 *
		 * Note that WebGPU only supports point primitives with 1 pixel size. Consequently,
		 * this node has no effect when the material is used with {@link Points} and a WebGPU
		 * backend. If an application wants to render points with a size larger than 1 pixel,
		 * the material should be used with {@link Sprite} and instancing.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec2>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.sizeNode = null;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isPointsNodeMaterial = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues$1 );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	setupPositionView() {

		const { positionNode } = this;

		return modelViewMatrix.mul( vec3( positionNode || positionLocal ) ).xyz;

	}

	setupVertexSprite( builder ) {

		const { material, camera } = builder;

		const { rotationNode, scaleNode, sizeNode, sizeAttenuation } = this;

		let mvp = super.setupVertex( builder );

		// skip further processing if the material is not a node material

		if ( material.isNodeMaterial !== true ) {

			return mvp;

		}

		// point size

		let pointSize = sizeNode !== null ? vec2( sizeNode ) : materialPointSize;

		pointSize = pointSize.mul( screenDPR );

		// size attenuation

		if ( camera.isPerspectiveCamera && sizeAttenuation === true ) {

			// follow WebGLRenderer's implementation, and scale by half the canvas height in logical units

			pointSize = pointSize.mul( scale.div( positionView.z.negate() ) );

		}

		// scale

		if ( scaleNode && scaleNode.isNode ) {

			pointSize = pointSize.mul( vec2( scaleNode ) );

		}

		// compute offset

		let offset = positionGeometry.xy;

		// apply rotation

		if ( rotationNode && rotationNode.isNode ) {

			const rotation = float( rotationNode );

			offset = rotate( offset, rotation );

		}

		// account for point size

		offset = offset.mul( pointSize );

		// scale by viewport size

		offset = offset.div( viewportSize.div( 2 ) );

		// compensate for the perspective divide

		offset = offset.mul( mvp.w );

		// add offset

		mvp = mvp.add( vec4( offset, 0, 0 ) );

		return mvp;

	}

	setupVertex( builder ) {

		if ( builder.object.isPoints ) {

			return super.setupVertex( builder );


		} else {

			return this.setupVertexSprite( builder );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Whether alpha to coverage should be used or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default true
	 */
	get alphaToCoverage() {

		return this._useAlphaToCoverage;

	}

	set alphaToCoverage( value ) {

		if ( this._useAlphaToCoverage !== value ) {

			this._useAlphaToCoverage = value;
			this.needsUpdate = true;

		}

	}

}

const scale = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 1 ).onFrameUpdate( function ( { renderer } ) {

	const size = renderer.getSize( _size$4 ); // logical units

	this.value = 0.5 * size.y;

} );

/**
 * Represents lighting model for a shadow material. Used in {@link ShadowNodeMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments LightingModel
 */
class ShadowMaskModel extends LightingModel {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new shadow mask model.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

		/**
		 * The shadow mask node.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.shadowNode = float( 1 ).toVar( 'shadowMask' );

	}

	/**
	 * Only used to save the shadow mask.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} input - The input data.
	 */
	direct( { lightNode } ) {

		if ( lightNode.shadowNode !== null ) {

			this.shadowNode.mulAssign( lightNode.shadowNode );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Uses the shadow mask to produce the final color.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	finish( { context } ) {

		diffuseColor.a.mulAssign( this.shadowNode.oneMinus() );

		context.outgoingLight.rgb.assign( diffuseColor.rgb ); // TODO: Optimize LightsNode to avoid this assignment

	}

}

const _defaultValues = /*@__PURE__*/ new ShadowMaterial();

/**
 * Node material version of {@link ShadowMaterial}.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class ShadowNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'ShadowNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new shadow node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isShadowNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Set to `true` because so it's possible to implement
		 * the shadow mask effect.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.lights = true;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since shadow materials are transparent
		 * by default.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.transparent = true;

		this.setDefaultValues( _defaultValues );

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @return {ShadowMaskModel} The lighting model.
	 */
	setupLightingModel( /*builder*/ ) {

		return new ShadowMaskModel();

	}

}

const scatteringDensity = property( 'vec3' );
const linearDepthRay = property( 'vec3' );
const outgoingRayLight = property( 'vec3' );

/**
 * VolumetricLightingModel class extends the LightingModel to implement volumetric lighting effects.
 * This model calculates the scattering and transmittance of light through a volumetric medium.
 * It dynamically adjusts the direction of the ray based on the camera and object positions.
 * The model supports custom scattering and depth nodes to enhance the lighting effects.
 *
 * @augments LightingModel
 */
class VolumetricLightingModel extends LightingModel {

	constructor() {

		super();

	}

	start( builder ) {

		const { material } = builder;

		const startPos = property( 'vec3' );
		const endPos = property( 'vec3' );

		// This approach dynamically changes the direction of the ray,
		// prioritizing the ray from the camera to the object if it is inside the mesh, and from the object to the camera if it is far away.

		const isFrontToBack = property( 'bool' );

		If( cameraPosition.sub( positionWorld ).length().greaterThan( modelRadius.mul( 2 ) ), () => {

			startPos.assign( cameraPosition );
			endPos.assign( positionWorld );
			isFrontToBack.assign( true );

		} ).Else( () => {

			startPos.assign( positionWorld );
			endPos.assign( cameraPosition );
			isFrontToBack.assign( false );

		} );

		//

		const viewVector = endPos.sub( startPos );

		const steps = uniform( 'int' ).onRenderUpdate( ( { material } ) => material.steps );
		const stepSize = viewVector.length().div( steps ).toVar();

		const rayDir = viewVector.normalize().toVar(); // TODO: toVar() should be automatic here ( in loop )

		const distTravelled = float( 0.0 ).toVar();
		const transmittance = vec3( 1 ).toVar();

		if ( material.offsetNode ) {

			// reduce banding

			distTravelled.addAssign( material.offsetNode.mul( stepSize ) );

		}

		Loop( steps, () => {

			const positionRay = startPos.add( rayDir.mul( distTravelled ) );
			const positionViewRay = cameraViewMatrix.mul( vec4( positionRay, 1 ) ).xyz;

			if ( material.depthNode !== null ) {

				linearDepthRay.assign( linearDepth( viewZToPerspectiveDepth( positionViewRay.z, cameraNear, cameraFar ) ) );

				builder.context.sceneDepthNode = linearDepth( material.depthNode ).toVar();

			}

			builder.context.positionWorld = positionRay;
			builder.context.shadowPositionWorld = positionRay;
			builder.context.positionView = positionViewRay;

			scatteringDensity.assign( 0 );

			let scatteringNode;
			let scatteringEmissiveNode;

			if ( material.scatteringNode ) {

				scatteringNode = material.scatteringNode( { positionRay } );

			}

			if ( material.scatteringEmissiveNode ) {

				scatteringEmissiveNode = material.scatteringEmissiveNode( { positionRay } );

			}

			super.start( builder );

			if ( scatteringNode ) {

				scatteringDensity.mulAssign( scatteringNode );

			}

			const stepLight = scatteringDensity.mul( 0.01 ).toVar();

			if ( scatteringEmissiveNode ) {

				stepLight.addAssign( scatteringEmissiveNode.mul( 0.01 ) );

			}

			// beer's law

			const falloff = scatteringDensity.mul( .01 ).negate().mul( stepSize ).exp();

			If( isFrontToBack, () => {

				outgoingRayLight.addAssign( stepLight.mul( transmittance ).mul( stepSize ) );

			} ).Else( () => {

				outgoingRayLight.assign( outgoingRayLight.mul( falloff ).add( stepLight.mul( stepSize ) ) );

			} );

			transmittance.mulAssign( falloff );

			// move along the ray

			distTravelled.addAssign( stepSize );

		} );



	}

	scatteringLight( lightColor, builder ) {

		const sceneDepthNode = builder.context.sceneDepthNode;

		if ( sceneDepthNode ) {

			If( sceneDepthNode.greaterThanEqual( linearDepthRay ), () => {

				scatteringDensity.addAssign( lightColor );

			} );

		} else {

			scatteringDensity.addAssign( lightColor );

		}

	}

	direct( { lightNode, lightColor }, builder ) {

		// Ignore non-analytical lights and lights with infinite distance

		if ( lightNode.isAnalyticLightNode !== true || lightNode.light.distance === undefined ) return;

		// TODO: We need a viewportOpaque*() ( output, depth ) to fit with modern rendering approaches

		const directLight = lightColor.xyz.toVar();

		if ( lightNode.shadowNode !== null ) {

			directLight.mulAssign( lightNode.shadowNode ); // it no should be necessary if used in the same render pass

		}

		this.scatteringLight( directLight, builder );

	}

	directRectArea( { lightColor, lightPosition, halfWidth, halfHeight }, builder ) {

		const p0 = lightPosition.add( halfWidth ).sub( halfHeight ); // counterclockwise; light shines in local neg z direction
		const p1 = lightPosition.sub( halfWidth ).sub( halfHeight );
		const p2 = lightPosition.sub( halfWidth ).add( halfHeight );
		const p3 = lightPosition.add( halfWidth ).add( halfHeight );

		const P = builder.context.positionView;

		const directLight = lightColor.xyz.mul( LTC_Evaluate_Volume( { P, p0, p1, p2, p3 } ) ).pow( 1.5 );

		this.scatteringLight( directLight, builder );

	}

	finish( builder ) {

		builder.context.outgoingLight.assign( outgoingRayLight );

	}

}

/**
 * Volume node material.
 *
 * @augments NodeMaterial
 */
class VolumeNodeMaterial extends NodeMaterial {

	static get type() {

		return 'VolumeNodeMaterial';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new volume node material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isVolumeNodeMaterial = true;

		/**
		 * Number of steps used for raymarching.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 25
		 */
		this.steps = 25;

		/**
		 * Offsets the distance a ray has been traveled through a volume.
		 * Can be used to implement dithering to reduce banding.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<float>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.offsetNode = null;

		/**
		 * Node used for scattering calculations.
		 *
		 * @type {Function|FunctionNode<vec4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.scatteringNode = null;

		this.lights = true;

		this.transparent = true;
		this.side = BackSide;

		this.depthTest = false;
		this.depthWrite = false;

		this.setValues( parameters );

	}

	setupLightingModel() {

		return new VolumetricLightingModel();

	}

}

/**
 * This module manages the internal animation loop of the renderer.
 *
 * @private
 */
class Animation {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new animation loop management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - A reference to the main renderer.
	 * @param {NodeManager} nodes - Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
	 * @param {Info} info - Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, nodes, info ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the main renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeManager}
		 */
		this.nodes = nodes;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = info;

		/**
		 * A reference to the context from `requestAnimationFrame()` can
		 * be called (usually `window`).
		 *
		 * @type {?(Window|XRSession)}
		 */
		this._context = typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : null;

		/**
		 * The user-defined animation loop.
		 *
		 * @type {?Function}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._animationLoop = null;

		/**
		 * The requestId which is returned from the `requestAnimationFrame()` call.
		 * Can be used to cancel the stop the animation loop.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._requestId = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Starts the internal animation loop.
	 */
	start() {

		const update = ( time, xrFrame ) => {

			this._requestId = this._context.requestAnimationFrame( update );

			if ( this.info.autoReset === true ) this.info.reset();

			this.nodes.nodeFrame.update();

			this.info.frame = this.nodes.nodeFrame.frameId;

			this.renderer._inspector.begin();

			if ( this._animationLoop !== null ) this._animationLoop( time, xrFrame );

			this.renderer._inspector.finish();

		};

		update();

	}

	/**
	 * Stops the internal animation loop.
	 */
	stop() {

		if ( this._context !== null ) this._context.cancelAnimationFrame( this._requestId );

		this._requestId = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the user-level animation loop.
	 *
	 * @return {?Function} The animation loop.
	 */
	getAnimationLoop() {

		return this._animationLoop;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the user-level animation loop.
	 *
	 * @param {?Function} callback - The animation loop.
	 */
	setAnimationLoop( callback ) {

		this._animationLoop = callback;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the animation context.
	 *
	 * @return {Window|XRSession} The animation context.
	 */
	getContext() {

		return this._context;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the context in which `requestAnimationFrame()` is executed.
	 *
	 * @param {Window|XRSession} context - The context to set.
	 */
	setContext( context ) {

		this._context = context;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees all internal resources and stops the animation loop.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.stop();

	}

}

/**
 * Data structure for the renderer. It allows defining values
 * with chained, hierarchical keys. Keys are meant to be
 * objects since the module internally works with Weak Maps
 * for performance reasons.
 *
 * @private
 */
class ChainMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Chain Map.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * A map of Weak Maps by their key length.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<number, WeakMap>}
		 */
		this.weakMaps = {};


	}

	/**
	 * Returns the Weak Map for the given keys.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Object>} keys - List of keys.
	 * @return {WeakMap} The weak map.
	 */
	_getWeakMap( keys ) {

		const length = keys.length;

		let weakMap = this.weakMaps[ length ];

		if ( weakMap === undefined ) {

			weakMap = new WeakMap();
			this.weakMaps[ length ] = weakMap;

		}

		return weakMap;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value for the given array of keys.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Object>} keys - List of keys.
	 * @return {any} The value. Returns `undefined` if no value was found.
	 */
	get( keys ) {

		let map = this._getWeakMap( keys );

		for ( let i = 0; i < keys.length - 1; i ++ ) {

			map = map.get( keys[ i ] );

			if ( map === undefined ) return undefined;

		}

		return map.get( keys[ keys.length - 1 ] );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the value for the given keys.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Object>} keys - List of keys.
	 * @param {any} value - The value to set.
	 * @return {ChainMap} A reference to this Chain Map.
	 */
	set( keys, value ) {

		let map = this._getWeakMap( keys );

		for ( let i = 0; i < keys.length - 1; i ++ ) {

			const key = keys[ i ];

			if ( map.has( key ) === false ) map.set( key, new WeakMap() );

			map = map.get( key );

		}

		map.set( keys[ keys.length - 1 ], value );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes a value for the given keys.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Object>} keys - The keys.
	 * @return {boolean} Returns `true` if the value has been removed successfully and `false` if the value has not be found.
	 */
	delete( keys ) {

		let map = this._getWeakMap( keys );

		for ( let i = 0; i < keys.length - 1; i ++ ) {

			map = map.get( keys[ i ] );

			if ( map === undefined ) return false;

		}

		return map.delete( keys[ keys.length - 1 ] );

	}

}

let _id$a = 0;
const _protoKeysCache = new WeakMap();

function getKeys( obj ) {

	const keys = Object.keys( obj );

	let protoKeys = _protoKeysCache.get( obj.constructor );

	if ( protoKeys === undefined ) {

		protoKeys = [];
		let proto = Object.getPrototypeOf( obj );

		while ( proto ) {

			const descriptors = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors( proto );

			for ( const key in descriptors ) {

				const descriptor = descriptors[ key ];

				if ( descriptor && typeof descriptor.get === 'function' ) {

					protoKeys.push( key );

				}

			}

			proto = Object.getPrototypeOf( proto );

		}

		_protoKeysCache.set( obj.constructor, protoKeys );

	}

	for ( let i = 0; i < protoKeys.length; i ++ ) keys.push( protoKeys[ i ] );

	return keys;

}

/**
 * A render object is the renderer's representation of single entity that gets drawn
 * with a draw command. There is no unique mapping of render objects to 3D objects in the
 * scene since render objects also depend from the used material, the current render context
 * and the current scene's lighting.
 *
 * In general, the basic process of the renderer is:
 *
 * - Analyze the 3D objects in the scene and generate render lists containing render items.
 * - Process the render lists by calling one or more render commands for each render item.
 * - For each render command, request a render object and perform the draw.
 *
 * The module provides an interface to get data required for the draw command like the actual
 * draw parameters or vertex buffers. It also holds a series of caching related methods since
 * creating render objects should only be done when necessary.
 *
 * @private
 */
class RenderObject {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render object.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeManager} nodes - Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
	 * @param {Geometries} geometries - Renderer component for managing geometries.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Material} material - The 3D object's material.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the 3D object belongs to.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the object should be rendered with.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The lights node.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The clipping context.
	 */
	constructor( nodes, geometries, renderer, object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, renderContext, clippingContext ) {

		this.id = _id$a ++;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeManager}
		 * @private
		 */
		this._nodes = nodes;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing geometries.
		 *
		 * @type {Geometries}
		 * @private
		 */
		this._geometries = geometries;

		/**
		 * The renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * The 3D object.
		 *
		 * @type {Object3D}
		 */
		this.object = object;

		/**
		 * The 3D object's material.
		 *
		 * @type {Material}
		 */
		this.material = material;

		/**
		 * The scene the 3D object belongs to.
		 *
		 * @type {Scene}
		 */
		this.scene = scene;

		/**
		 * The camera the 3D object should be rendered with.
		 *
		 * @type {Camera}
		 */
		this.camera = camera;

		/**
		 * The lights node.
		 *
		 * @type {LightsNode}
		 */
		this.lightsNode = lightsNode;

		/**
		 * The render context.
		 *
		 * @type {RenderContext}
		 */
		this.context = renderContext;

		/**
		 * The 3D object's geometry.
		 *
		 * @type {BufferGeometry}
		 */
		this.geometry = object.geometry;

		/**
		 * The render object's version.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.version = material.version;

		/**
		 * The draw range of the geometry.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.drawRange = null;

		/**
		 * An array holding the buffer attributes
		 * of the render object. This entails attribute
		 * definitions on geometry and node level.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<BufferAttribute>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.attributes = null;

		/**
		 * An object holding the version of the
		 * attributes. The keys are the attribute names
		 * and the values are the attribute versions.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object<string, number>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.attributesId = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a render pipeline the render
		 * object is processed with.
		 *
		 * @type {RenderPipeline}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.pipeline = null;

		/**
		 * Only relevant for objects using
		 * multiple materials. This represents a group entry
		 * from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
		 *
		 * @type {?{start: number, count: number}}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.group = null;

		/**
		 * An array holding the vertex buffers which can
		 * be buffer attributes but also interleaved buffers.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.vertexBuffers = null;

		/**
		 * The parameters for the draw command.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.drawParams = null;

		/**
		 * If this render object is used inside a render bundle,
		 * this property points to the respective bundle group.
		 *
		 * @type {?BundleGroup}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.bundle = null;

		/**
		 * The clipping context.
		 *
		 * @type {ClippingContext}
		 */
		this.clippingContext = clippingContext;

		/**
		 * The clipping context's cache key.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.clippingContextCacheKey = clippingContext !== null ? clippingContext.cacheKey : '';

		/**
		 * The initial node cache key.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.initialNodesCacheKey = this.getDynamicCacheKey();

		/**
		 * The initial cache key.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.initialCacheKey = this.getCacheKey();

		/**
		 * The node builder state.
		 *
		 * @type {?NodeBuilderState}
		 * @private
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._nodeBuilderState = null;

		/**
		 * An array of bindings.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<BindGroup>}
		 * @private
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._bindings = null;

		/**
		 * Reference to the node material observer.
		 *
		 * @type {?NodeMaterialObserver}
		 * @private
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._monitor = null;

		/**
		 * The object's original material when this render object is drawn with an
		 * override material.
		 *
		 * @type {?Material}
		 * @private
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._sourceMaterial = renderer._currentSourceMaterial;

		/**
		 * An event listener which is defined by `RenderObjects`. It performs
		 * clean up tasks when `dispose()` on this render object.
		 *
		 * @method
		 */
		this.onDispose = null;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isRenderObject = true;

		/**
		 * An event listener which is executed when `dispose()` is called on
		 * the material of this render object.
		 *
		 * @method
		 */
		this.onMaterialDispose = () => {

			this.dispose();

		};

		/**
		 * An event listener which is executed when `dispose()` is called on
		 * the geometry of this render object.
		 *
		 * @method
		 */
		this.onGeometryDispose = () => {

			// clear geometry cache attributes

			this.attributes = null;
			this.attributesId = null;

		};

		this.material.addEventListener( 'dispose', this.onMaterialDispose );
		this.geometry.addEventListener( 'dispose', this.onGeometryDispose );

		if ( this._sourceMaterial !== null ) {

			this._sourceMaterial.addEventListener( 'dispose', this.onMaterialDispose );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the clipping context.
	 *
	 * @param {ClippingContext} context - The clipping context to set.
	 */
	updateClipping( context ) {

		this.clippingContext = context;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the clipping requires an update or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get clippingNeedsUpdate() {

		if ( this.clippingContext === null || this.clippingContext.cacheKey === this.clippingContextCacheKey ) return false;

		this.clippingContextCacheKey = this.clippingContext.cacheKey;

		return true;

	}

	/**
	 * The number of clipping planes defined in context of hardware clipping.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get hardwareClippingPlanes() {

		return this.getNodeBuilderState().hardwareClipping === true ? this.clippingContext.unionClippingCount : 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node builder state of this render object.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeBuilderState} The node builder state.
	 */
	getNodeBuilderState() {

		return this._nodeBuilderState || ( this._nodeBuilderState = this._nodes.getForRender( this ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node material observer of this render object.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeMaterialObserver} The node material observer.
	 */
	getMonitor() {

		return this._monitor || ( this._monitor = this.getNodeBuilderState().observer );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array of bind groups of this render object.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<BindGroup>} The bindings.
	 */
	getBindings() {

		return this._bindings || ( this._bindings = this.getNodeBuilderState().createBindings() );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a binding group by group name of this render object.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the binding group.
	 * @return {?BindGroup} The bindings.
	 */
	getBindingGroup( name ) {

		for ( const bindingGroup of this.getBindings() ) {

			if ( bindingGroup.name === name ) {

				return bindingGroup;

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the index of the render object's geometry.
	 *
	 * @return {?BufferAttribute} The index. Returns `null` for non-indexed geometries.
	 */
	getIndex() {

		return this._geometries.getIndex( this );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the indirect buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @return {?BufferAttribute} The indirect attribute. `null` if no indirect drawing is used.
	 */
	getIndirect() {

		return this._geometries.getIndirect( this );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the byte offset into the indirect attribute buffer.
	 *
	 * @return {number|Array<number>} The byte offset into the indirect attribute buffer.
	 */
	getIndirectOffset() {

		return this._geometries.getIndirectOffset( this );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array that acts as a key for identifying the render object in a chain map.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<Object>} An array with object references.
	 */
	getChainArray() {

		return [ this.object, this.material, this.context, this.lightsNode ];

	}

	/**
	 * This method is used when the geometry of a 3D object has been exchanged and the
	 * respective render object now requires an update.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry to set.
	 */
	setGeometry( geometry ) {

		this.geometry = geometry;
		this.attributes = null;
		this.attributesId = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the buffer attributes of the render object. The returned array holds
	 * attribute definitions on geometry and node level.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<BufferAttribute>} An array with buffer attributes.
	 */
	getAttributes() {

		if ( this.attributes !== null ) return this.attributes;

		const nodeAttributes = this.getNodeBuilderState().nodeAttributes;
		const geometry = this.geometry;

		const attributes = [];
		const vertexBuffers = new Set();

		const attributesId = {};

		for ( const nodeAttribute of nodeAttributes ) {

			let attribute;

			if ( nodeAttribute.node && nodeAttribute.node.attribute ) {

				// node attribute
				attribute = nodeAttribute.node.attribute;

			} else {

				// geometry attribute
				attribute = geometry.getAttribute( nodeAttribute.name );

				if ( attribute !== undefined ) {

					if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) {

						attributesId[ nodeAttribute.name ] = attribute.data.uuid;

					} else {

						attributesId[ nodeAttribute.name ] = attribute.id;

					}

				}

			}

			if ( attribute === undefined ) continue;

			attributes.push( attribute );

			const bufferAttribute = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data : attribute;
			vertexBuffers.add( bufferAttribute );

		}

		this.attributes = attributes;
		this.attributesId = attributesId;
		this.vertexBuffers = Array.from( vertexBuffers.values() );

		return attributes;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vertex buffers of the render object.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer>} An array with buffer attribute or interleaved buffers.
	 */
	getVertexBuffers() {

		if ( this.vertexBuffers === null ) this.getAttributes();

		return this.vertexBuffers;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the draw parameters for the render object.
	 *
	 * @return {?{vertexCount: number, firstVertex: number, instanceCount: number, firstInstance: number}} The draw parameters.
	 */
	getDrawParameters() {

		const { object, material, geometry, group, drawRange } = this;

		const drawParams = this.drawParams || ( this.drawParams = {
			vertexCount: 0,
			firstVertex: 0,
			instanceCount: 0,
			firstInstance: 0
		} );

		const index = this.getIndex();
		const hasIndex = ( index !== null );

		let instanceCount = 1;

		if ( geometry.isInstancedBufferGeometry === true ) {

			instanceCount = geometry.instanceCount;

		} else if ( object.count !== undefined ) {

			instanceCount = Math.max( 0, object.count );

		}

		if ( instanceCount === 0 ) return null;

		drawParams.instanceCount = instanceCount;

		if ( object.isBatchedMesh === true ) return drawParams;

		let rangeFactor = 1;

		if ( material.wireframe === true && ! object.isPoints && ! object.isLineSegments && ! object.isLine && ! object.isLineLoop ) {

			rangeFactor = 2;

		}

		let firstVertex = drawRange.start * rangeFactor;
		let lastVertex = ( drawRange.start + drawRange.count ) * rangeFactor;

		if ( group !== null ) {

			firstVertex = Math.max( firstVertex, group.start * rangeFactor );
			lastVertex = Math.min( lastVertex, ( group.start + group.count ) * rangeFactor );

		}

		const position = geometry.attributes.position;
		let itemCount = Infinity;

		if ( hasIndex ) {

			itemCount = index.count;

		} else if ( position !== undefined && position !== null ) {

			itemCount = position.count;

		}

		firstVertex = Math.max( firstVertex, 0 );
		lastVertex = Math.min( lastVertex, itemCount );

		const count = lastVertex - firstVertex;

		if ( count < 0 || count === Infinity ) return null;

		drawParams.vertexCount = count;
		drawParams.firstVertex = firstVertex;

		return drawParams;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the render object's geometry cache key.
	 *
	 * The geometry cache key is part of the material cache key.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The geometry cache key.
	 */
	getGeometryCacheKey() {

		const { geometry } = this;

		let cacheKey = '';

		for ( const name of Object.keys( geometry.attributes ).sort() ) {

			const attribute = geometry.attributes[ name ];

			cacheKey += name + ',';

			if ( attribute.data ) cacheKey += attribute.data.stride + ',';
			if ( attribute.offset ) cacheKey += attribute.offset + ',';
			if ( attribute.itemSize ) cacheKey += attribute.itemSize + ',';
			if ( attribute.normalized ) cacheKey += 'n,';

		}

		// structural equality isn't sufficient for morph targets since the
		// data are maintained in textures. only if the targets are all equal
		// the texture and thus the `morphReference` can be shared.

		for ( const name of Object.keys( geometry.morphAttributes ).sort() ) {

			const targets = geometry.morphAttributes[ name ];

			cacheKey += 'morph-' + name + ',';

			for ( let i = 0, l = targets.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

				const attribute = targets[ i ];

				cacheKey += attribute.id + ',';

			}

		}

		if ( geometry.index ) {

			cacheKey += 'index,';

		}

		return cacheKey;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the render object's material cache key.
	 *
	 * The material cache key is part of the render object cache key.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The material cache key.
	 */
	getMaterialCacheKey() {

		const { object, material, renderer } = this;

		let cacheKey = material.customProgramCacheKey();

		for ( const property of getKeys( material ) ) {

			if ( /^(is[A-Z]|_)|^(visible|version|uuid|name|opacity|userData)$/.test( property ) ) continue;

			const value = material[ property ];

			let valueKey;

			if ( value !== null ) {

				// some material values require a formatting

				const type = typeof value;

				if ( type === 'number' ) {

					if ( property === 'side' ) {

						// `side` is an enum (FrontSide/BackSide/DoubleSide) that changes code
						// generation, so its exact value must be preserved.

						valueKey = String( value );

					} else {

						// Other numbers are reduced to on/off

						valueKey = value !== 0 ? '1' : '0';

					}

				} else if ( type === 'object' ) {

					valueKey = '{';

					if ( value.isTexture ) {

						valueKey += value.mapping;

						// WebGPU must honor the sampler data because they are part of the bindings

						if ( renderer.backend.isWebGPUBackend === true ) {

							valueKey += value.magFilter;
							valueKey += value.minFilter;
							valueKey += value.wrapS;
							valueKey += value.wrapT;
							valueKey += value.wrapR;

						}

					}

					valueKey += '}';

				} else {

					valueKey = String( value );

				}

			} else {

				valueKey = String( value );

			}

			cacheKey += /*property + ':' +*/ valueKey + ',';

		}

		cacheKey += this.clippingContextCacheKey + ',';

		if ( object.geometry ) {

			cacheKey += this.getGeometryCacheKey();

		}

		if ( object.skeleton ) {

			cacheKey += object.skeleton.bones.length + ',';

		}

		if ( object.isBatchedMesh ) {

			cacheKey += object._matricesTexture.uuid + ',';

			if ( object._colorsTexture !== null ) {

				cacheKey += object._colorsTexture.uuid + ',';

			}

		}

		if ( object.isInstancedMesh || object.count > 1 ) {

			// TODO: https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/pull/29066#issuecomment-2269400850

			cacheKey += object.uuid + ',';

		}

		cacheKey += this.context.id + ',';

		cacheKey += object.receiveShadow + ',';

		return hashString( cacheKey );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the geometry requires an update or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get needsGeometryUpdate() {

		if ( this.geometry.id !== this.object.geometry.id ) return true;

		if ( this.attributes !== null ) {

			const attributesId = this.attributesId;

			for ( const name in attributesId ) {

				const attribute = this.geometry.getAttribute( name );

				if ( attribute === undefined ) return true;

				const id = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data.uuid : attribute.id;

				if ( attributesId[ name ] !== id ) {

					return true;

				}

			}

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the render object requires an update or not.
	 *
	 * Note: There are two distinct places where render objects are checked for an update.
	 *
	 * 1. In `RenderObjects.get()` which is executed when the render object is request. This
	 * method checks the `needsUpdate` flag and recreates the render object if necessary.
	 * 2. In `Renderer._renderObjectDirect()` right after getting the render object via
	 * `RenderObjects.get()`. The render object's NodeMaterialObserver is then used to detect
	 * a need for a refresh due to material, geometry or object related value changes.
	 *
	 * TODO: Investigate if it's possible to merge both steps so there is only a single place
	 * that performs the 'needsUpdate' check.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get needsUpdate() {

		return /*this.object.static !== true &&*/ ( this.initialNodesCacheKey !== this.getDynamicCacheKey() || this.clippingNeedsUpdate );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the dynamic cache key which represents a key that is computed per draw command.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The cache key.
	 */
	getDynamicCacheKey() {

		let cacheKey = 0;

		// `Nodes.getCacheKey()` returns an environment cache key which is not relevant when
		// the renderer is inside a shadow pass.

		if ( this.material.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {

			cacheKey = this._nodes.getCacheKey( this.scene, this.lightsNode );

		}

		if ( this.camera.isArrayCamera ) {

			cacheKey = hash$1( cacheKey, this.camera.cameras.length );

		}

		if ( this.object.receiveShadow ) {

			cacheKey = hash$1( cacheKey, 1 );

		}

		cacheKey = hash$1( cacheKey, this.renderer.contextNode.id, this.renderer.contextNode.version );

		return cacheKey;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the render object's cache key.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The cache key.
	 */
	getCacheKey() {

		return this.getMaterialCacheKey() + this.getDynamicCacheKey();

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.material.removeEventListener( 'dispose', this.onMaterialDispose );
		this.geometry.removeEventListener( 'dispose', this.onGeometryDispose );

		if ( this._sourceMaterial !== null ) {

			this._sourceMaterial.removeEventListener( 'dispose', this.onMaterialDispose );

		}

		this.onDispose();

	}

}

const _chainKeys$3 = [];

/**
 * This module manages the render objects of the renderer.
 *
 * @private
 */
class RenderObjects {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render object management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {NodeManager} nodes - Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
	 * @param {Geometries} geometries - Renderer component for managing geometries.
	 * @param {Pipelines} pipelines - Renderer component for managing pipelines.
	 * @param {Bindings} bindings - Renderer component for managing bindings.
	 * @param {Info} info - Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, nodes, geometries, pipelines, bindings, info ) {

		/**
		 * The renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeManager}
		 */
		this.nodes = nodes;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing geometries.
		 *
		 * @type {Geometries}
		 */
		this.geometries = geometries;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing pipelines.
		 *
		 * @type {Pipelines}
		 */
		this.pipelines = pipelines;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing bindings.
		 *
		 * @type {Bindings}
		 */
		this.bindings = bindings;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = info;

		/**
		 * A dictionary that manages render contexts in chain maps
		 * for each pass ID.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,ChainMap>}
		 */
		this.chainMaps = {};

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render object for the given object and state data.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Material} material - The 3D object's material.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the 3D object belongs to.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the 3D object should be rendered with.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The lights node.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The clipping context.
	 * @param {string} [passId] - An optional ID for identifying the pass.
	 * @return {RenderObject} The render object.
	 */
	get( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, renderContext, clippingContext, passId ) {

		const chainMap = this.getChainMap( passId );

		// set chain keys

		_chainKeys$3[ 0 ] = object;
		_chainKeys$3[ 1 ] = material;
		_chainKeys$3[ 2 ] = renderContext;
		_chainKeys$3[ 3 ] = lightsNode;

		//

		let renderObject = chainMap.get( _chainKeys$3 );

		if ( renderObject === undefined ) {

			renderObject = this.createRenderObject( this.nodes, this.geometries, this.renderer, object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, renderContext, clippingContext, passId );

			chainMap.set( _chainKeys$3, renderObject );

		} else {

			// update references

			renderObject.camera = camera;

			//

			renderObject.updateClipping( clippingContext );

			if ( renderObject.needsGeometryUpdate ) {

				renderObject.setGeometry( object.geometry );

			}

			if ( renderObject.version !== material.version || renderObject.needsUpdate ) {

				if ( renderObject.initialCacheKey !== renderObject.getCacheKey() ) {

					renderObject.dispose();

					renderObject = this.get( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, renderContext, clippingContext, passId );

				} else {

					renderObject.version = material.version;

				}

			}

		}

		// reset chain array

		_chainKeys$3[ 0 ] = null;
		_chainKeys$3[ 1 ] = null;
		_chainKeys$3[ 2 ] = null;
		_chainKeys$3[ 3 ] = null;

		//

		return renderObject;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a chain map for the given pass ID.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [passId='default'] - The pass ID.
	 * @return {ChainMap} The chain map.
	 */
	getChainMap( passId = 'default' ) {

		return this.chainMaps[ passId ] || ( this.chainMaps[ passId ] = new ChainMap() );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.chainMaps = {};

	}

	/**
	 * Factory method for creating render objects with the given list of parameters.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeManager} nodes - Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
	 * @param {Geometries} geometries - Renderer component for managing geometries.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Material} material - The object's material.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the 3D object belongs to.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the object should be rendered with.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The lights node.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The clipping context.
	 * @param {string} [passId] - An optional ID for identifying the pass.
	 * @return {RenderObject} The render object.
	 */
	createRenderObject( nodes, geometries, renderer, object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, renderContext, clippingContext, passId ) {

		const chainMap = this.getChainMap( passId );

		const renderObject = new RenderObject( nodes, geometries, renderer, object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, renderContext, clippingContext );

		renderObject.onDispose = () => {

			this.pipelines.delete( renderObject );
			this.bindings.deleteForRender( renderObject );
			this.nodes.delete( renderObject );

			chainMap.delete( renderObject.getChainArray() );

		};

		return renderObject;

	}


}

/**
 * Data structure for the renderer. It is intended to manage
 * data of objects in dictionaries.
 *
 * @private
 */
class DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new data map.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * `DataMap` internally uses a weak map
		 * to manage its data.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Object, Object>}
		 */
		this.data = new WeakMap();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the dictionary for the given object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} object - The object.
	 * @return {Object} The dictionary.
	 */
	get( object ) {

		let map = this.data.get( object );

		if ( map === undefined ) {

			map = {};
			this.data.set( object, map );

		}

		return map;

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the dictionary for the given object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} object - The object.
	 * @return {?Object} The deleted dictionary.
	 */
	delete( object ) {

		let map = null;

		if ( this.data.has( object ) ) {

			map = this.data.get( object );

			this.data.delete( object );

		}

		return map;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given object has a dictionary defined.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} object - The object to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether a dictionary is defined or not.
	 */
	has( object ) {

		return this.data.has( object );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.data = new WeakMap();

	}

}

const AttributeType = {
	VERTEX: 1,
	INDEX: 2,
	STORAGE: 3,
	INDIRECT: 4
};

// size of a chunk in bytes (STD140 layout)

const GPU_CHUNK_BYTES = 16;

// @TODO: Move to src/constants.js

const BlendColorFactor = 211;
const OneMinusBlendColorFactor = 212;

/**
 * This renderer module manages geometry attributes.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments DataMap
 */
class Attributes extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new attribute management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Backend} backend - The renderer's backend.
	 * @param {Info} info - Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
	 */
	constructor( backend, info ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The renderer's backend.
		 *
		 * @type {Backend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = info;

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the data for the given attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute.
	 * @return {?Object} The deleted attribute data.
	 */
	delete( attribute ) {

		const attributeData = super.delete( attribute );

		if ( attributeData !== null ) {

			this.backend.destroyAttribute( attribute );

			this.info.destroyAttribute( attribute );

		}

		return attributeData;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given attribute. This method creates attribute buffers
	 * for new attributes and updates data for existing ones.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute to update.
	 * @param {number} type - The attribute type.
	 */
	update( attribute, type ) {

		const data = this.get( attribute );

		if ( data.version === undefined ) {

			if ( type === AttributeType.VERTEX ) {

				this.backend.createAttribute( attribute );
				this.info.createAttribute( attribute );

			} else if ( type === AttributeType.INDEX ) {

				this.backend.createIndexAttribute( attribute );
				this.info.createIndexAttribute( attribute );

			} else if ( type === AttributeType.STORAGE ) {

				this.backend.createStorageAttribute( attribute );
				this.info.createStorageAttribute( attribute );

			} else if ( type === AttributeType.INDIRECT ) {

				this.backend.createIndirectStorageAttribute( attribute );
				this.info.createIndirectStorageAttribute( attribute );

			}

			data.version = this._getBufferAttribute( attribute ).version;

		} else {

			const bufferAttribute = this._getBufferAttribute( attribute );

			if ( data.version < bufferAttribute.version || bufferAttribute.usage === DynamicDrawUsage ) {

				this.backend.updateAttribute( attribute );

				data.version = bufferAttribute.version;

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Utility method for handling interleaved buffer attributes correctly.
	 * To process them, their `InterleavedBuffer` is returned.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute.
	 * @return {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer}
	 */
	_getBufferAttribute( attribute ) {

		if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) attribute = attribute.data;

		return attribute;

	}

}

/**
 * Returns the wireframe version for the given geometry.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry.
 * @return {number} The version.
 */
function getWireframeVersion( geometry ) {

	return ( geometry.index !== null ) ? geometry.index.version : geometry.attributes.position.version;

}

/**
 * Returns the wireframe ID for the given geometry.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry.
 * @return {number} The ID.
 */
function getWireframeId( geometry ) {

	return ( geometry.index !== null ) ? geometry.index.id : geometry.attributes.position.id;

}

/**
 * Returns a wireframe index attribute for the given geometry.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry.
 * @return {BufferAttribute} The wireframe index attribute.
 */
function getWireframeIndex( geometry ) {

	const indices = [];

	const geometryIndex = geometry.index;
	const geometryPosition = geometry.attributes.position;

	if ( geometryIndex !== null ) {

		const array = geometryIndex.array;

		for ( let i = 0, l = array.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {

			const a = array[ i + 0 ];
			const b = array[ i + 1 ];
			const c = array[ i + 2 ];

			indices.push( a, b, b, c, c, a );

		}

	} else {

		const array = geometryPosition.array;

		for ( let i = 0, l = ( array.length / 3 ) - 1; i < l; i += 3 ) {

			const a = i + 0;
			const b = i + 1;
			const c = i + 2;

			indices.push( a, b, b, c, c, a );

		}

	}

	const attribute = new ( geometryPosition.count >= 65535 ? Uint32BufferAttribute : Uint16BufferAttribute )( indices, 1 );
	attribute.version = getWireframeVersion( geometry );
	attribute.__id = getWireframeId( geometry );

	return attribute;

}

/**
 * This renderer module manages geometries.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments DataMap
 */
class Geometries extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new geometry management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Attributes} attributes - Renderer component for managing attributes.
	 * @param {Info} info - Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
	 */
	constructor( attributes, info ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing attributes.
		 *
		 * @type {Attributes}
		 */
		this.attributes = attributes;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = info;

		/**
		 * Weak Map for managing attributes for wireframe rendering.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<BufferGeometry,BufferAttribute>}
		 */
		this.wireframes = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * This Weak Map is used to make sure buffer attributes are
		 * updated only once per render call.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<BufferAttribute,number>}
		 */
		this.attributeCall = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * Stores the event listeners attached to geometries.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Map<BufferGeometry,Function>}
		 */
		this._geometryDisposeListeners = new Map();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given render object has an initialized geometry.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether if the given render object has an initialized geometry or not.
	 */
	has( renderObject ) {

		const geometry = renderObject.geometry;

		return super.has( geometry ) && this.get( geometry ).initialized === true;

	}

	/**
	 * Prepares the geometry of the given render object for rendering.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	updateForRender( renderObject ) {

		if ( this.has( renderObject ) === false ) this.initGeometry( renderObject );

		this.updateAttributes( renderObject );

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the geometry of the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	initGeometry( renderObject ) {

		const geometry = renderObject.geometry;
		const geometryData = this.get( geometry );

		geometryData.initialized = true;

		this.info.memory.geometries ++;

		const onDispose = () => {

			this.info.memory.geometries --;

			// index

			const index = geometry.index;

			if ( index !== null ) {

				this.attributes.delete( index );

			}

			// geometry attributes

			for ( const attribute of Object.values( geometry.attributes ) ) {

				this.attributes.delete( attribute );

			}

			// wireframe attributes

			const wireframeAttribute = this.wireframes.get( geometry );

			if ( wireframeAttribute !== undefined ) {

				this.attributes.delete( wireframeAttribute );

			}

			// node attributes (TODO: Remove this bit once we support BufferAttribute.dispose())

			const currentAttributes = new Set( Object.values( renderObject.geometry.attributes ) );

			for ( const attribute of renderObject.getAttributes() ) {

				if ( currentAttributes.has( attribute ) === false ) {

					this.attributes.delete( attribute );

				}

			}

			//

			geometry.removeEventListener( 'dispose', onDispose );

			this._geometryDisposeListeners.delete( geometry );

		};

		geometry.addEventListener( 'dispose', onDispose );

		// see #31798 why tracking separate remove listeners is required right now
		// TODO: Re-evaluate how onDispose() is managed in this component
		this._geometryDisposeListeners.set( geometry, onDispose );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the geometry attributes of the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	updateAttributes( renderObject ) {

		// attributes

		const attributes = renderObject.getAttributes();

		for ( const attribute of attributes ) {

			if ( attribute.isStorageBufferAttribute || attribute.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

				this.updateAttribute( attribute, AttributeType.STORAGE );

			} else {

				this.updateAttribute( attribute, AttributeType.VERTEX );

			}

		}

		// indexes

		const index = this.getIndex( renderObject );

		if ( index !== null ) {

			this.updateAttribute( index, AttributeType.INDEX );

		}

		// indirect

		const indirect = renderObject.geometry.indirect;

		if ( indirect !== null ) {

			this.updateAttribute( indirect, AttributeType.INDIRECT );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute to update.
	 * @param {number} type - The attribute type.
	 */
	updateAttribute( attribute, type ) {

		const callId = this.info.render.calls;

		if ( ! attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) {

			if ( this.attributeCall.get( attribute ) !== callId ) {

				this.attributes.update( attribute, type );

				this.attributeCall.set( attribute, callId );

			}

		} else {

			if ( this.attributeCall.get( attribute ) === undefined ) {

				this.attributes.update( attribute, type );

				this.attributeCall.set( attribute, callId );

			} else if ( this.attributeCall.get( attribute.data ) !== callId ) {

				this.attributes.update( attribute, type );

				this.attributeCall.set( attribute.data, callId );

				this.attributeCall.set( attribute, callId );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the indirect buffer attribute of the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {?BufferAttribute} The indirect attribute. `null` if no indirect drawing is used.
	 */
	getIndirect( renderObject ) {

		return renderObject.geometry.indirect;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the byte offset into the indirect attribute buffer of the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {number} The byte offset into the indirect attribute buffer.
	 */
	getIndirectOffset( renderObject ) {

		return renderObject.geometry.indirectOffset;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the index of the given render object's geometry. This is implemented
	 * in a method to return a wireframe index if necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {?BufferAttribute} The index. Returns `null` for non-indexed geometries.
	 */
	getIndex( renderObject ) {

		const { geometry, material } = renderObject;

		let index = geometry.index;

		if ( material.wireframe === true ) {

			const wireframes = this.wireframes;

			let wireframeAttribute = wireframes.get( geometry );

			if ( wireframeAttribute === undefined ) {

				wireframeAttribute = getWireframeIndex( geometry );

				wireframes.set( geometry, wireframeAttribute );

			} else if ( wireframeAttribute.version !== getWireframeVersion( geometry ) || wireframeAttribute.__id !== getWireframeId( geometry ) ) {

				this.attributes.delete( wireframeAttribute );

				wireframeAttribute = getWireframeIndex( geometry );

				wireframes.set( geometry, wireframeAttribute );

			}

			index = wireframeAttribute;

		}

		return index;

	}

	dispose() {

		for ( const [ geometry, onDispose ] of this._geometryDisposeListeners.entries() ) {

			geometry.removeEventListener( 'dispose', onDispose );

		}

		this._geometryDisposeListeners.clear();

	}

}

/**
 * This renderer module provides a series of statistical information
 * about the GPU memory and the rendering process. Useful for debugging
 * and monitoring.
 */
class Info {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new info component.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * Whether frame related metrics should automatically
		 * be resetted or not. This property should be set to `false`
		 * by apps which manage their own animation loop. They must
		 * then call `renderer.info.reset()` once per frame manually.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.autoReset = true;

		/**
		 * The current frame ID. This ID is managed
		 * by `NodeFrame`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.frame = 0;

		/**
		 * The number of render calls since the
		 * app has been started.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.calls = 0;

		/**
		 * Render related metrics.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 * @readonly
		 * @property {number} calls - The number of render calls since the app has been started.
		 * @property {number} frameCalls - The number of render calls of the current frame.
		 * @property {number} drawCalls - The number of draw calls of the current frame.
		 * @property {number} triangles - The number of rendered triangle primitives of the current frame.
		 * @property {number} points - The number of rendered point primitives of the current frame.
		 * @property {number} lines - The number of rendered line primitives of the current frame.
		 * @property {number} timestamp - The timestamp of the frame.
		 */
		this.render = {
			calls: 0,
			frameCalls: 0,
			drawCalls: 0,
			triangles: 0,
			points: 0,
			lines: 0,
			timestamp: 0,
		};

		/**
		 * Compute related metrics.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 * @readonly
		 * @property {number} calls - The number of compute calls since the app has been started.
		 * @property {number} frameCalls - The number of compute calls of the current frame.
		 * @property {number} timestamp - The timestamp of the frame when using `renderer.computeAsync()`.
		 */
		this.compute = {
			calls: 0,
			frameCalls: 0,
			timestamp: 0
		};

		/**
		 * Memory related metrics.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 * @readonly
		 * @property {number} attributes - The number of active attributes.
		 * @property {number} attributesSize - The memory size of active attributes in bytes.
		 * @property {number} geometries - The number of active geometries.
		 * @property {number} indexAttributes - The number of active index attributes.
		 * @property {number} indexAttributesSize - The memory size of active index attributes in bytes.
		 * @property {number} indirectStorageAttributes - The number of active indirect storage attributes.
		 * @property {number} indirectStorageAttributesSize - The memory size of active indirect storage attributes in bytes.
		 * @property {number} programs - The number of active programs.
		 * @property {number} programsSize - The memory size of active programs in bytes.
		 * @property {number} readbackBuffers - The number of active readback buffers.
		 * @property {number} readbackBuffersSize - The memory size of active readback buffers in bytes.
		 * @property {number} renderTargets - The number of active renderTargets.
		 * @property {number} storageAttributes - The number of active storage attributes.
		 * @property {number} storageAttributesSize - The memory size of active storage attributes in bytes.
		 * @property {number} textures - The number of active textures.
		 * @property {number} texturesSize - The memory size of active textures in bytes.
		 * @property {number} uniformBuffers - The number of active uniform buffers.
		 * @property {number} uniformBuffersSize - The memory size of active uniform buffers in bytes.
		 * @property {number} total - The total memory size in bytes.
		 */
		this.memory = {
			attributes: 0,
			attributesSize: 0,
			geometries: 0,
			indexAttributes: 0,
			indexAttributesSize: 0,
			indirectStorageAttributes: 0,
			indirectStorageAttributesSize: 0,
			programs: 0,
			programsSize: 0,
			readbackBuffers: 0,
			readbackBuffersSize: 0,
			renderTargets: 0,
			storageAttributes: 0,
			storageAttributesSize: 0,
			textures: 0,
			texturesSize: 0,
			uniformBuffers: 0,
			uniformBuffersSize: 0,
			total: 0
		};

		/**
		 * Map for storing calculated byte sizes of tracked objects.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<Object, number>}
		 * @private
		 */
		this.memoryMap = new Map();

	}

	/**
	 * This method should be executed per draw call and updates the corresponding metrics.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object that is going to be rendered.
	 * @param {number} count - The vertex or index count.
	 * @param {number} instanceCount - The instance count.
	 */
	update( object, count, instanceCount ) {

		this.render.drawCalls ++;

		if ( object.isMesh || object.isSprite ) {

			this.render.triangles += instanceCount * ( count / 3 );

		} else if ( object.isPoints ) {

			this.render.points += instanceCount * count;

		} else if ( object.isLineSegments ) {

			this.render.lines += instanceCount * ( count / 2 );

		} else if ( object.isLine ) {

			this.render.lines += instanceCount * ( count - 1 );

		} else {

			error( 'WebGPUInfo: Unknown object type.' );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Resets frame related metrics.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.render.drawCalls = 0;
		this.render.frameCalls = 0;
		this.compute.frameCalls = 0;

		this.render.triangles = 0;
		this.render.points = 0;
		this.render.lines = 0;


	}

	/**
	 * Performs a complete reset of the object.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.reset();

		this.calls = 0;

		this.render.calls = 0;
		this.compute.calls = 0;

		this.render.timestamp = 0;
		this.compute.timestamp = 0;

		for ( const prop in this.memory ) {

			this.memory[ prop ] = 0;

		}

		this.memoryMap.clear();

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks texture memory explicitly, updating counts and byte tracking.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture
	 */
	createTexture( texture ) {

		const size = this._getTextureMemorySize( texture );
		this.memoryMap.set( texture, size );

		this.memory.textures ++;
		this.memory.total += size;
		this.memory.texturesSize += size;

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks texture memory explicitly, updating counts and byte tracking.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture
	 */
	destroyTexture( texture ) {

		const size = this.memoryMap.get( texture ) || 0;
		this.memoryMap.delete( texture );

		this.memory.textures --;
		this.memory.total -= size;
		this.memory.texturesSize -= size;

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks attribute memory explicitly, updating counts and byte tracking.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute
	 * @param {string} type - type of attribute
	 * @private
	 */
	_createAttribute( attribute, type ) {

		const size = this._getAttributeMemorySize( attribute );
		this.memoryMap.set( attribute, { size, type } );

		this.memory[ type ] ++;
		this.memory.total += size;
		this.memory[ type + 'Size' ] += size;

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks a regular attribute memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute to track.
	 */
	createAttribute( attribute ) {

		this._createAttribute( attribute, 'attributes' );

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks an index attribute memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The index attribute to track.
	 */
	createIndexAttribute( attribute ) {

		this._createAttribute( attribute, 'indexAttributes' );

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks a storage attribute memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The storage attribute to track.
	 */
	createStorageAttribute( attribute ) {

		this._createAttribute( attribute, 'storageAttributes' );

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks an indirect storage attribute memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The indirect storage attribute to track.
	 */
	createIndirectStorageAttribute( attribute ) {

		this._createAttribute( attribute, 'indirectStorageAttributes' );

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks attribute memory explicitly, updating counts and byte tracking.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute
	 */
	destroyAttribute( attribute ) {

		const data = this.memoryMap.get( attribute );

		if ( data ) {

			this.memoryMap.delete( attribute );

			this.memory[ data.type ] --;
			this.memory.total -= data.size;
			this.memory[ data.type + 'Size' ] -= data.size;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks a readback buffer memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {ReadbackBuffer} readbackBuffer - The readback buffer to track.
	 */
	createReadbackBuffer( readbackBuffer ) {

		const maxByteLength = readbackBuffer.maxByteLength;
		this.memoryMap.set( readbackBuffer, { size: maxByteLength, type: 'readbackBuffers' } );

		this.memory.readbackBuffers ++;
		this.memory.total += maxByteLength;
		this.memory.readbackBuffersSize += maxByteLength;

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks a readback buffer memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {ReadbackBuffer} readbackBuffer - The readback buffer to track.
	 */
	destroyReadbackBuffer( readbackBuffer ) {

		const { size } = this.memoryMap.get( readbackBuffer );
		this.memoryMap.delete( readbackBuffer );

		this.memory.readbackBuffers --;
		this.memory.total -= size;
		this.memory.readbackBuffersSize -= size;

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks a uniform buffer memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformBuffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer to track.
	 */
	createUniformBuffer( uniformBuffer ) {

		const size = uniformBuffer.byteLength;
		this.memoryMap.set( uniformBuffer, { size, type: 'uniformBuffers' } );

		this.memory.uniformBuffers ++;
		this.memory.total += size;
		this.memory.uniformBuffersSize += size;

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks a uniform buffer memory explicitly.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformBuffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer to track.
	 */
	destroyUniformBuffer( uniformBuffer ) {

		const data = this.memoryMap.get( uniformBuffer );

		if ( data ) {

			this.memoryMap.delete( uniformBuffer );

			this.memory.uniformBuffers --;
			this.memory.total -= data.size;
			this.memory.uniformBuffersSize -= data.size;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks program memory explicitly, updating counts and byte tracking.
	 *
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} program - The program to track.
	 */
	createProgram( program ) {

		const size = program.code.length; // Approx size

		this.memoryMap.set( program, size );

		this.memory.programs ++;
		this.memory.total += size;
		this.memory.programsSize += size;

	}

	/**
	 * Tracks program memory explicitly, updating counts and byte tracking.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} program - The program to track.
	 */
	destroyProgram( program ) {

		const size = this.memoryMap.get( program ) || 0;
		this.memoryMap.delete( program );

		this.memory.programs --;
		this.memory.total -= size;
		this.memory.programsSize -= size;

	}

	/**
	 * Calculates the memory size of a texture in bytes.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to calculate the size for.
	 * @return {number} The calculated size in bytes.
	 * @private
	 */
	_getTextureMemorySize( texture ) {

		if ( texture.isCompressedTexture ) {

			return 1; // Fallback estimate since exact format decompressed isn't readily available without format maps

		}

		let bytesPerChannel = 1;

		if ( texture.type === ByteType || texture.type === UnsignedByteType ) bytesPerChannel = 1;
		else if ( texture.type === ShortType || texture.type === UnsignedShortType || texture.type === HalfFloatType ) bytesPerChannel = 2;
		else if ( texture.type === IntType || texture.type === UnsignedIntType || texture.type === FloatType ) bytesPerChannel = 4;

		let channels = 4; // RGBA default

		if ( texture.format === AlphaFormat || texture.format === RedFormat || texture.format === RedIntegerFormat || texture.format === DepthFormat || texture.format === DepthStencilFormat ) channels = 1;
		else if ( texture.format === RGFormat || texture.format === RGIntegerFormat ) channels = 2;
		else if ( texture.format === RGBFormat || texture.format === RGBIntegerFormat ) channels = 3;

		let bytesPerPixel = bytesPerChannel * channels;

		// Packed overrides
		if ( texture.type === UnsignedShort4444Type || texture.type === UnsignedShort5551Type ) bytesPerPixel = 2;
		else if ( texture.type === UnsignedInt248Type || texture.type === UnsignedInt5999Type || texture.type === UnsignedInt101111Type ) bytesPerPixel = 4;

		const width = texture.width || 1;
		const height = texture.height || 1;
		const depth = texture.isCubeTexture ? 6 : ( texture.depth || 1 );

		let size = width * height * depth * bytesPerPixel;
		const mipmaps = texture.mipmaps;

		if ( mipmaps && mipmaps.length > 0 ) {

			let mipmapSize = 0;
			for ( let i = 0; i < mipmaps.length; i ++ ) {

				const mipmap = mipmaps[ i ];
				if ( mipmap.data ) {

					mipmapSize += mipmap.data.byteLength;

				} else {

					const mipWidth = mipmap.width || Math.max( 1, width >> i );
					const mipHeight = mipmap.height || Math.max( 1, height >> i );
					mipmapSize += mipWidth * mipHeight * depth * bytesPerPixel;

				}

			}

			size += mipmapSize;

		} else if ( texture.generateMipmaps ) {

			size = size * 1.333; // MiP chain approximation

		}

		return Math.round( size );

	}

	/**
	 * Calculates the memory size of an attribute in bytes.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute to calculate the size for.
	 * @return {number} The calculated size in bytes.
	 * @private
	 */
	_getAttributeMemorySize( attribute ) {

		if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) attribute = attribute.data;

		if ( attribute.array ) {

			return attribute.array.byteLength;

		} else if ( attribute.count && attribute.itemSize ) {

			return attribute.count * attribute.itemSize * 4; // Assume Float32

		}

		return 0;

	}

}

/**
 * Abstract class for representing pipelines.
 *
 * @private
 * @abstract
 */
class Pipeline {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new pipeline.
	 *
	 * @param {string} cacheKey - The pipeline's cache key.
	 */
	constructor( cacheKey ) {

		/**
		 * The pipeline's cache key.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.cacheKey = cacheKey;

		/**
		 * How often the pipeline is currently in use.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.usedTimes = 0;

	}

}

/**
 * Class for representing render pipelines.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Pipeline
 */
class RenderObjectPipeline extends Pipeline {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render object pipeline.
	 *
	 * @param {string} cacheKey - The pipeline's cache key.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} vertexProgram - The pipeline's vertex shader.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} fragmentProgram - The pipeline's fragment shader.
	 */
	constructor( cacheKey, vertexProgram, fragmentProgram ) {

		super( cacheKey );

		/**
		 * The pipeline's vertex shader.
		 *
		 * @type {ProgrammableStage}
		 */
		this.vertexProgram = vertexProgram;

		/**
		 * The pipeline's fragment shader.
		 *
		 * @type {ProgrammableStage}
		 */
		this.fragmentProgram = fragmentProgram;

	}

}

/**
 * Class for representing compute pipelines.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Pipeline
 */
class ComputePipeline extends Pipeline {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new compute pipeline.
	 *
	 * @param {string} cacheKey - The pipeline's cache key.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} computeProgram - The pipeline's compute shader.
	 */
	constructor( cacheKey, computeProgram ) {

		super( cacheKey );

		/**
		 * The pipeline's compute shader.
		 *
		 * @type {ProgrammableStage}
		 */
		this.computeProgram = computeProgram;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isComputePipeline = true;

	}

}

let _id$9 = 0;

/**
 * Class for representing programmable stages which are vertex,
 * fragment or compute shaders. Unlike fixed-function states (like blending),
 * they represent the programmable part of a pipeline.
 *
 * @private
 */
class ProgrammableStage {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new programmable stage.
	 *
	 * @param {string} code - The shader code.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute')} stage - The type of stage.
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the shader.
	 * @param {?Array<Object>} [transforms=null] - The transforms (only relevant for compute stages with WebGL 2 which uses Transform Feedback).
	 * @param {?Array<Object>} [attributes=null] - The attributes (only relevant for compute stages with WebGL 2 which uses Transform Feedback).
	 */
	constructor( code, stage, name, transforms = null, attributes = null ) {

		/**
		 * The id of the programmable stage.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.id = _id$9 ++;

		/**
		 * The shader code.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.code = code;

		/**
		 * The type of stage.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.stage = stage;

		/**
		 * The name of the stage.
		 * This is used for debugging purposes.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * The transforms (only relevant for compute stages with WebGL 2 which uses Transform Feedback).
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.transforms = transforms;

		/**
		 * The attributes (only relevant for compute stages with WebGL 2 which uses Transform Feedback).
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.attributes = attributes;

		/**
		 * How often the programmable stage is currently in use.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.usedTimes = 0;

	}

}

/**
 * This renderer module manages the pipelines of the renderer.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments DataMap
 */
class Pipelines extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new pipeline management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Backend} backend - The renderer's backend.
	 * @param {NodeManager} nodes - Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
	 * @param {Info} info - Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
	 */
	constructor( backend, nodes, info ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The renderer's backend.
		 *
		 * @type {Backend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeManager}
		 */
		this.nodes = nodes;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = info;

		/**
		 * A references to the bindings management component.
		 * This reference will be set inside the `Bindings`
		 * constructor.
		 *
		 * @type {?Bindings}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.bindings = null;

		/**
		 * Internal cache for maintaining pipelines.
		 * The key of the map is a cache key, the value the pipeline.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<string,Pipeline>}
		 */
		this.caches = new Map();

		/**
		 * This dictionary maintains for each shader stage type (vertex,
		 * fragment and compute) the programmable stage objects which
		 * represent the actual shader code.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Map<string, ProgrammableStage>>}
		 */
		this.programs = {
			vertex: new Map(),
			fragment: new Map(),
			compute: new Map()
		};

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a compute pipeline for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 * @return {ComputePipeline} The compute pipeline.
	 */
	getForCompute( computeNode, bindings ) {

		const { backend } = this;

		const data = this.get( computeNode );

		if ( this._needsComputeUpdate( computeNode ) ) {

			const previousPipeline = data.pipeline;

			if ( previousPipeline ) {

				previousPipeline.usedTimes --;
				previousPipeline.computeProgram.usedTimes --;

			}

			// get shader

			const nodeBuilderState = this.nodes.getForCompute( computeNode );

			// programmable stage

			let stageCompute = this.programs.compute.get( nodeBuilderState.computeShader );

			if ( stageCompute === undefined ) {

				if ( previousPipeline && previousPipeline.computeProgram.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releaseProgram( previousPipeline.computeProgram );

				stageCompute = new ProgrammableStage( nodeBuilderState.computeShader, 'compute', computeNode.name, nodeBuilderState.transforms, nodeBuilderState.nodeAttributes );
				this.programs.compute.set( nodeBuilderState.computeShader, stageCompute );

				backend.createProgram( stageCompute );
				this.info.createProgram( stageCompute );

			}

			// determine compute pipeline

			const cacheKey = this._getComputeCacheKey( computeNode, stageCompute );

			let pipeline = this.caches.get( cacheKey );

			if ( pipeline === undefined ) {

				if ( previousPipeline && previousPipeline.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releasePipeline( previousPipeline );

				pipeline = this._getComputePipeline( computeNode, stageCompute, cacheKey, bindings );

			}

			// keep track of all used times

			pipeline.usedTimes ++;
			stageCompute.usedTimes ++;

			//

			data.version = computeNode.version;
			data.pipeline = pipeline;

		}

		return data.pipeline;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {?Array<Promise>} [promises=null] - An array of compilation promises which is only relevant in context of `Renderer.compileAsync()`.
	 * @return {RenderObjectPipeline} The render pipeline.
	 */
	getForRender( renderObject, promises = null ) {

		const { backend } = this;

		const data = this.get( renderObject );

		if ( this._needsRenderUpdate( renderObject ) ) {

			const previousPipeline = data.pipeline;

			if ( previousPipeline ) {

				previousPipeline.usedTimes --;
				previousPipeline.vertexProgram.usedTimes --;
				previousPipeline.fragmentProgram.usedTimes --;

			}

			// get shader

			const nodeBuilderState = renderObject.getNodeBuilderState();

			const name = renderObject.material ? renderObject.material.name : '';

			// programmable stages

			let stageVertex = this.programs.vertex.get( nodeBuilderState.vertexShader );

			if ( stageVertex === undefined ) {

				if ( previousPipeline && previousPipeline.vertexProgram.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releaseProgram( previousPipeline.vertexProgram );

				stageVertex = new ProgrammableStage( nodeBuilderState.vertexShader, 'vertex', name );
				this.programs.vertex.set( nodeBuilderState.vertexShader, stageVertex );

				backend.createProgram( stageVertex );
				this.info.createProgram( stageVertex );

			}

			let stageFragment = this.programs.fragment.get( nodeBuilderState.fragmentShader );

			if ( stageFragment === undefined ) {

				if ( previousPipeline && previousPipeline.fragmentProgram.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releaseProgram( previousPipeline.fragmentProgram );

				stageFragment = new ProgrammableStage( nodeBuilderState.fragmentShader, 'fragment', name );
				this.programs.fragment.set( nodeBuilderState.fragmentShader, stageFragment );

				backend.createProgram( stageFragment );
				this.info.createProgram( stageFragment );

			}

			// determine render pipeline

			const cacheKey = this._getRenderCacheKey( renderObject, stageVertex, stageFragment );

			let pipeline = this.caches.get( cacheKey );

			if ( pipeline === undefined ) {

				if ( previousPipeline && previousPipeline.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releasePipeline( previousPipeline );

				pipeline = this._getRenderPipeline( renderObject, stageVertex, stageFragment, cacheKey, promises );

			} else {

				renderObject.pipeline = pipeline;

			}

			// keep track of all used times

			pipeline.usedTimes ++;
			stageVertex.usedTimes ++;
			stageFragment.usedTimes ++;

			//

			data.pipeline = pipeline;

		}

		return data.pipeline;

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the render pipeline for the given render object is ready for drawing.
	 * Returns false if the GPU pipeline is still being compiled asynchronously.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} True if the pipeline is ready for drawing.
	 */
	isReady( renderObject ) {

		const data = this.get( renderObject );
		const pipeline = data.pipeline;

		if ( pipeline === undefined ) return false;

		const pipelineData = this.backend.get( pipeline );

		return pipelineData.pipeline !== undefined && pipelineData.pipeline !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} object - The render object.
	 * @return {?Object} The deleted dictionary.
	 */
	delete( object ) {

		const pipeline = this.get( object ).pipeline;

		if ( pipeline ) {

			// pipeline

			pipeline.usedTimes --;

			if ( pipeline.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releasePipeline( pipeline );

			// programs

			if ( pipeline.isComputePipeline ) {

				pipeline.computeProgram.usedTimes --;

				if ( pipeline.computeProgram.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releaseProgram( pipeline.computeProgram );

			} else {

				pipeline.fragmentProgram.usedTimes --;
				pipeline.vertexProgram.usedTimes --;

				if ( pipeline.vertexProgram.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releaseProgram( pipeline.vertexProgram );
				if ( pipeline.fragmentProgram.usedTimes === 0 ) this._releaseProgram( pipeline.fragmentProgram );

			}

		}

		return super.delete( object );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		super.dispose();

		this.caches = new Map();
		this.programs = {
			vertex: new Map(),
			fragment: new Map(),
			compute: new Map()
		};

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	updateForRender( renderObject ) {

		this.getForRender( renderObject );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a compute pipeline for the given parameters.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} stageCompute - The programmable stage representing the compute shader.
	 * @param {string} cacheKey - The cache key.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 * @return {ComputePipeline} The compute pipeline.
	 */
	_getComputePipeline( computeNode, stageCompute, cacheKey, bindings ) {

		// check for existing pipeline

		cacheKey = cacheKey || this._getComputeCacheKey( computeNode, stageCompute );

		let pipeline = this.caches.get( cacheKey );

		if ( pipeline === undefined ) {

			pipeline = new ComputePipeline( cacheKey, stageCompute );

			this.caches.set( cacheKey, pipeline );

			this.backend.createComputePipeline( pipeline, bindings );

		}

		return pipeline;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render pipeline for the given parameters.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} stageVertex - The programmable stage representing the vertex shader.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} stageFragment - The programmable stage representing the fragment shader.
	 * @param {string} cacheKey - The cache key.
	 * @param {?Array<Promise>} promises - An array of compilation promises which is only relevant in context of `Renderer.compileAsync()`.
	 * @return {RenderObjectPipeline} The render pipeline.
	 */
	_getRenderPipeline( renderObject, stageVertex, stageFragment, cacheKey, promises ) {

		// check for existing pipeline

		cacheKey = cacheKey || this._getRenderCacheKey( renderObject, stageVertex, stageFragment );

		let pipeline = this.caches.get( cacheKey );

		if ( pipeline === undefined ) {

			pipeline = new RenderObjectPipeline( cacheKey, stageVertex, stageFragment );

			this.caches.set( cacheKey, pipeline );

			renderObject.pipeline = pipeline;

			// The `promises` array is `null` by default and only set to an empty array when
			// `Renderer.compileAsync()` is used. The next call actually fills the array with
			// pending promises that resolve when the render pipelines are ready for rendering.

			this.backend.createRenderPipeline( renderObject, promises );

		}

		return pipeline;

	}

	/**
	 * Computes a cache key representing a compute pipeline.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} stageCompute - The programmable stage representing the compute shader.
	 * @return {string} The cache key.
	 */
	_getComputeCacheKey( computeNode, stageCompute ) {

		return computeNode.id + ',' + stageCompute.id;

	}

	/**
	 * Computes a cache key representing a render pipeline.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} stageVertex - The programmable stage representing the vertex shader.
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} stageFragment - The programmable stage representing the fragment shader.
	 * @return {string} The cache key.
	 */
	_getRenderCacheKey( renderObject, stageVertex, stageFragment ) {

		return stageVertex.id + ',' + stageFragment.id + ',' + this.backend.getRenderCacheKey( renderObject );

	}

	/**
	 * Releases the given pipeline.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Pipeline} pipeline - The pipeline to release.
	 */
	_releasePipeline( pipeline ) {

		this.caches.delete( pipeline.cacheKey );

	}

	/**
	 * Releases the shader program.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} program - The shader program to release.
	 */
	_releaseProgram( program ) {

		const code = program.code;
		const stage = program.stage;

		this.programs[ stage ].delete( code );

		this.info.destroyProgram( program );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the compute pipeline for the given compute node requires an update.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the compute pipeline for the given compute node requires an update or not.
	 */
	_needsComputeUpdate( computeNode ) {

		const data = this.get( computeNode );

		return data.pipeline === undefined || data.version !== computeNode.version;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the render pipeline for the given render object requires an update.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the render object for the given render object requires an update or not.
	 */
	_needsRenderUpdate( renderObject ) {

		const data = this.get( renderObject );

		return data.pipeline === undefined || this.backend.needsRenderUpdate( renderObject );

	}

}

/**
 * This renderer module manages the bindings of the renderer.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments DataMap
 */
class Bindings extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new bindings management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Backend} backend - The renderer's backend.
	 * @param {NodeManager} nodes - Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
	 * @param {Textures} textures - Renderer component for managing textures.
	 * @param {Attributes} attributes - Renderer component for managing attributes.
	 * @param {Pipelines} pipelines - Renderer component for managing pipelines.
	 * @param {Info} info - Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
	 */
	constructor( backend, nodes, textures, attributes, pipelines, info ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The renderer's backend.
		 *
		 * @type {Backend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing textures.
		 *
		 * @type {Textures}
		 */
		this.textures = textures;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing pipelines.
		 *
		 * @type {Pipelines}
		 */
		this.pipelines = pipelines;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing attributes.
		 *
		 * @type {Attributes}
		 */
		this.attributes = attributes;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeManager}
		 */
		this.nodes = nodes;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = info;

		this.pipelines.bindings = this; // assign bindings to pipelines

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the bind groups for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {Array<BindGroup>} The bind groups.
	 */
	getForRender( renderObject ) {

		const bindings = renderObject.getBindings();

		const renderObjectData = this.get( renderObject );

		if ( renderObjectData.initialized !== true ) {

			// bind groups are created once per object

			this._createBindings( bindings );

			renderObjectData.initialized = true;

		}

		return bindings;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the bind groups for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @return {Array<BindGroup>} The bind groups.
	 */
	getForCompute( computeNode ) {

		const bindings = this.nodes.getForCompute( computeNode ).bindings;
		const computeNodeData = this.get( computeNode );

		if ( computeNodeData.initialized !== true || computeNodeData.bindings !== bindings ) {

			// bind groups are created once per compute node version

			if ( computeNodeData.bindings !== undefined ) {

				this._destroyBindings( computeNodeData.bindings );

			}

			this._createBindings( bindings );

			computeNodeData.initialized = true;
			computeNodeData.bindings = bindings;

		}

		return bindings;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the bindings for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 */
	updateForCompute( computeNode ) {

		this._updateBindings( this.getForCompute( computeNode ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the bindings for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	updateForRender( renderObject ) {

		this._updateBindings( this.getForRender( renderObject ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the bindings for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 */
	deleteForCompute( computeNode ) {

		const computeNodeData = this.get( computeNode );
		const bindings = computeNodeData.bindings || this.nodes.getForCompute( computeNode ).bindings;

		this._destroyBindings( bindings );

		this.delete( computeNode );

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the bindings for the given renderObject node.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The renderObject.
	 */
	deleteForRender( renderObject ) {

		const bindings = renderObject.getBindings();

		this._destroyBindings( bindings );

		this.delete( renderObject );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the bindings for the given array of bindings.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bind groups.
	 */
	_createBindings( bindings ) {

		for ( const bindGroup of bindings ) {

			// binding group

			const groupData = this.get( bindGroup );

			if ( groupData.bindGroup === undefined ) {

				// initialize

				for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

					if ( binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

						this.backend.createUniformBuffer( binding );
						this.info.createUniformBuffer( binding );

					} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) {

						this.textures.updateTexture( binding.texture );

					} else if ( binding.isSampler ) {

						this.textures.updateSampler( binding );

					} else if ( binding.isStorageBuffer ) {

						const attribute = binding.attribute;
						const attributeType = attribute.isIndirectStorageBufferAttribute ? AttributeType.INDIRECT : AttributeType.STORAGE;

						this.attributes.update( attribute, attributeType );

					}

				}

				// each object defines an array of bindings (ubos, textures, samplers etc.)

				this.backend.createBindings( bindGroup, bindings, 0 );

				groupData.bindGroup = bindGroup;
				groupData.usedTimes = 1;

			} else {

				groupData.usedTimes ++;

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the given array of bindings.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bind groups.
	 */
	_destroyBindings( bindings ) {

		for ( const bindGroup of bindings ) {

			const groupData = this.get( bindGroup );
			groupData.usedTimes --;

			if ( groupData.usedTimes === 0 ) {

				for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

					if ( binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

						this.backend.destroyUniformBuffer( binding );
						this.info.destroyUniformBuffer( binding );

						// release arrays

						binding.release();

					} else if ( binding.isSampler ) {

						if ( binding.isSampledTexture !== true ) {

							this.backend.destroySampler( binding );

						}

						const textureData = this.textures.get( binding.texture );
						if ( textureData.bindGroups !== undefined ) textureData.bindGroups.delete( bindGroup );

						binding.release();

					}

				}

				this.backend.deleteBindGroupData( bindGroup );
				this.delete( bindGroup );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given array of bindings.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bind groups.
	 */
	_updateBindings( bindings ) {

		for ( const bindGroup of bindings ) {

			this._update( bindGroup, bindings );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given bind group.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group to update.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bind groups.
	 */
	_update( bindGroup, bindings ) {

		const { backend } = this;

		let needsBindingsUpdate = false;
		let cacheBindings = true;
		let cacheIndex = 0;
		let version = 0;

		// iterate over all bindings and check if buffer updates or a new binding group is required

		for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

			const updatedGroup = this.nodes.updateGroup( binding );

			// every uniforms group is a uniform buffer. So if no update is required,
			// we move one with the next binding. Otherwise the next if block will update the group.

			if ( updatedGroup === false ) continue;

			//

			if ( binding.isStorageBuffer ) {

				const attribute = binding.attribute;
				const attributeType = attribute.isIndirectStorageBufferAttribute ? AttributeType.INDIRECT : AttributeType.STORAGE;

				const bindingData = backend.get( binding );

				this.attributes.update( attribute, attributeType );

				if ( bindingData.attribute !== attribute ) {

					bindingData.attribute = attribute;

					needsBindingsUpdate = true;

				}

			}

			if ( binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

				const updated = binding.update();

				if ( updated ) {

					backend.updateBinding( binding );

				}

			} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) {

				const updated = binding.update();

				// get the texture data after the update, to sync the texture reference from node

				const texture = binding.texture;
				const texturesTextureData = this.textures.get( texture );

				if ( updated ) {

					// version: update the texture data or create a new one

					this.textures.updateTexture( texture );

					// generation: update the bindings if the binding refers to a different texture object

					if ( binding.generation !== texturesTextureData.generation ) {

						binding.generation = texturesTextureData.generation;

						needsBindingsUpdate = true;

					}

					// keep track which bind groups refer to the current texture (this is needed for dispose)

					texturesTextureData.bindGroups.add( bindGroup );

				}

				const textureData = backend.get( texture );

				if ( textureData.externalTexture !== undefined || texturesTextureData.isDefaultTexture ) {

					cacheBindings = false;

				} else {

					cacheIndex = cacheIndex * 10 + texture.id;
					version += texture.version;

				}

				if ( texture.isStorageTexture === true && texture.mipmapsAutoUpdate === true ) {

					const textureData = this.get( texture );

					if ( binding.store === true ) {

						textureData.needsMipmap = true;

					} else if ( this.textures.needsMipmaps( texture ) && textureData.needsMipmap === true ) {

						this.backend.generateMipmaps( texture );

						textureData.needsMipmap = false;

					}

				}

			} else if ( binding.isSampler ) {

				const updated = binding.update();

				if ( updated ) {

					const samplerKey = this.textures.updateSampler( binding );

					if ( binding.samplerKey !== samplerKey ) {

						binding.samplerKey = samplerKey;

						needsBindingsUpdate = true;

					}

				}

			}

			if ( binding.isBuffer && binding.updateRanges.length > 0 ) {

				binding.clearUpdateRanges();

			}

		}

		if ( needsBindingsUpdate === true ) {

			this.backend.updateBindings( bindGroup, bindings, cacheBindings ? cacheIndex : 0, version );

		}

	}

}

const _emptyArray = /*@__PURE__*/ Object.freeze( [] );

/**
 * Default sorting function for opaque render items.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Object} a - The first render item.
 * @param {Object} b - The second render item.
 * @return {number} A numeric value which defines the sort order.
 */
function painterSortStable( a, b ) {

	if ( a.groupOrder !== b.groupOrder ) {

		return a.groupOrder - b.groupOrder;

	} else if ( a.renderOrder !== b.renderOrder ) {

		return a.renderOrder - b.renderOrder;

	} else if ( a.z !== b.z ) {

		return a.z - b.z;

	} else {

		return a.id - b.id;

	}

}

/**
 * Default sorting function for transparent render items.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Object} a - The first render item.
 * @param {Object} b - The second render item.
 * @return {number} A numeric value which defines the sort order.
 */
function reversePainterSortStable( a, b ) {

	if ( a.groupOrder !== b.groupOrder ) {

		return a.groupOrder - b.groupOrder;

	} else if ( a.renderOrder !== b.renderOrder ) {

		return a.renderOrder - b.renderOrder;

	} else if ( a.z !== b.z ) {

		return b.z - a.z;

	} else {

		return a.id - b.id;

	}

}

/**
 * Returns `true` if the given transparent material requires a double pass.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Material} material - The transparent material.
 * @return {boolean} Whether the given material requires a double pass or not.
 */
function needsDoublePass( material ) {

	const hasTransmission = material.transmission > 0 || ( material.transmissionNode && material.transmissionNode.isNode );

	return hasTransmission && material.side === DoubleSide && material.forceSinglePass === false;

}

/**
 * When the renderer analyzes the scene at the beginning of a render call,
 * it stores 3D object for further processing in render lists. Depending on the
 * properties of a 3D objects (like their transformation or material state), the
 * objects are maintained in ordered lists for the actual rendering.
 *
 * Render lists are unique per scene and camera combination.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Pipeline
 */
class RenderList {

	/**
	 * Constructs a render list.
	 *
	 * @param {Lighting} lighting - The lighting management component.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the scene is rendered with.
	 */
	constructor( lighting, scene, camera ) {

		/**
		 * 3D objects are transformed into render items and stored in this array.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.renderItems = [];

		/**
		 * The current render items index.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.renderItemsIndex = 0;

		/**
		 * A list with opaque render items.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.opaque = [];

		/**
		 * A list with transparent render items which require
		 * double pass rendering (e.g. transmissive objects).
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.transparentDoublePass = [];

		/**
		 * A list with transparent render items.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.transparent = [];

		/**
		 * A list with transparent render bundle data.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.bundles = [];

		/**
		 * The lighting management component.
		 *
		 * @type {Lighting}
		 */
		this.lighting = lighting;

		/**
		 * The render list's lights node. This node is later
		 * relevant for the actual analytical light nodes which
		 * compute the scene's lighting in the shader.
		 *
		 * @type {LightsNode}
		 */
		this.lightsNode = lighting.getNode( scene );

		/**
		 * The scene's lights stored in an array. This array
		 * is used to setup the lights node.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Light>}
		 */
		this.lightsArray = [];

		/**
		 * The scene.
		 *
		 * @type {Scene}
		 */
		this.scene = scene;

		/**
		 * The camera the scene is rendered with.
		 *
		 * @type {Camera}
		 */
		this.camera = camera;

		/**
		 * How many objects perform occlusion query tests.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.occlusionQueryCount = 0;

		/**
		 * The ID of the frame the render list was last used in.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default -1
		 */
		this.frameId = -1;

		/**
		 * The last object that was counted for occlusion query testing. Used to
		 * avoid counting an object more than once when it produces multiple render
		 * items (e.g. a mesh with multiple material groups), since such an object
		 * is covered by a single occlusion query.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Object3D}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._lastOcclusionObject = null;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is called right at the beginning of a render call
	 * before the scene is analyzed. It prepares the internal data
	 * structures for the upcoming render lists generation.
	 *
	 * @return {RenderList} A reference to this render list.
	 */
	begin() {

		this.renderItemsIndex = 0;

		this.opaque.length = 0;
		this.transparentDoublePass.length = 0;
		this.transparent.length = 0;
		this.bundles.length = 0;

		this.lightsArray.length = 0;

		this.occlusionQueryCount = 0;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render item for the giving render item state. The state is defined
	 * by a series of object-related parameters.
	 *
	 * The method avoids object creation by holding render items and reusing them in
	 * subsequent render calls (just with different property values).
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The 3D object's geometry.
	 * @param {Material} material - The 3D object's material.
	 * @param {number} groupOrder - The current group order.
	 * @param {number} z - Th 3D object's depth value (z value in clip space).
	 * @param {?number} group - {?Object} group - Only relevant for objects using multiple materials. This represents a group entry from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The current clipping context.
	 * @return {Object} The render item.
	 */
	getNextRenderItem( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, z, group, clippingContext ) {

		let renderItem = this.renderItems[ this.renderItemsIndex ];

		if ( renderItem === undefined ) {

			renderItem = {
				id: object.id,
				object: object,
				geometry: geometry,
				material: material,
				groupOrder: groupOrder,
				renderOrder: object.renderOrder,
				z: z,
				group: group,
				clippingContext: clippingContext
			};

			this.renderItems[ this.renderItemsIndex ] = renderItem;

		} else {

			renderItem.id = object.id;
			renderItem.object = object;
			renderItem.geometry = geometry;
			renderItem.material = material;
			renderItem.groupOrder = groupOrder;
			renderItem.renderOrder = object.renderOrder;
			renderItem.z = z;
			renderItem.group = group;
			renderItem.clippingContext = clippingContext;

		}

		this.renderItemsIndex ++;

		return renderItem;

	}

	/**
	 * Pushes the given object as a render item to the internal render lists.
	 * The selected lists depend on the object properties.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The 3D object's geometry.
	 * @param {Material} material - The 3D object's material.
	 * @param {number} groupOrder - The current group order.
	 * @param {number} z - Th 3D object's depth value (z value in clip space).
	 * @param {?number} group - {?Object} group - Only relevant for objects using multiple materials. This represents a group entry from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The current clipping context.
	 */
	push( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, z, group, clippingContext ) {

		// with a reversed depth buffer the projected z is inverted

		if ( this.camera.reversedDepth === true ) z = - z;

		const renderItem = this.getNextRenderItem( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, z, group, clippingContext );

		if ( object.occlusionTest === true && this._lastOcclusionObject !== object ) {

			this.occlusionQueryCount ++;
			this._lastOcclusionObject = object;

		}

		if ( material.transparent === true || material.transmission > 0 ||
			( material.transmissionNode && material.transmissionNode.isNode ) ||
			( material.backdropNode && material.backdropNode.isNode ) ) {

			if ( needsDoublePass( material ) ) this.transparentDoublePass.push( renderItem );

			this.transparent.push( renderItem );

		} else {

			this.opaque.push( renderItem );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Inserts the given object as a render item at the start of the internal render lists.
	 * The selected lists depend on the object properties.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The 3D object's geometry.
	 * @param {Material} material - The 3D object's material.
	 * @param {number} groupOrder - The current group order.
	 * @param {number} z - Th 3D object's depth value (z value in clip space).
	 * @param {?number} group - {?Object} group - Only relevant for objects using multiple materials. This represents a group entry from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The current clipping context.
	 */
	unshift( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, z, group, clippingContext ) {

		const renderItem = this.getNextRenderItem( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, z, group, clippingContext );

		if ( material.transparent === true || material.transmission > 0 ||
			( material.transmissionNode && material.transmissionNode.isNode ) ||
			( material.backdropNode && material.backdropNode.isNode ) ) {

			if ( needsDoublePass( material ) ) this.transparentDoublePass.unshift( renderItem );

			this.transparent.unshift( renderItem );

		} else {

			this.opaque.unshift( renderItem );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Pushes render bundle group data into the render list.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} group - Bundle group data.
	 */
	pushBundle( group ) {

		this.bundles.push( group );

	}

	/**
	 * Pushes a light into the render list.
	 *
	 * @param {Light} light - The light.
	 */
	pushLight( light ) {

		this.lightsArray.push( light );

	}

	/**
	 * Sorts the internal render lists.
	 *
	 * @param {?function(any, any): number} customOpaqueSort - A custom sort function for opaque objects.
	 * @param {?function(any, any): number} customTransparentSort -  A custom sort function for transparent objects.
	 */
	sort( customOpaqueSort, customTransparentSort ) {

		if ( this.opaque.length > 1 ) this.opaque.sort( customOpaqueSort || painterSortStable );
		if ( this.transparentDoublePass.length > 1 ) this.transparentDoublePass.sort( customTransparentSort || reversePainterSortStable );
		if ( this.transparent.length > 1 ) this.transparent.sort( customTransparentSort || reversePainterSortStable );

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs finalizing tasks right after the render lists
	 * have been generated.
	 */
	finish() {

		// update lights

		this.lightsNode.setLights( this.lighting.enabled ? this.lightsArray : _emptyArray );

		// Clear references from inactive renderItems in the list

		for ( let i = this.renderItemsIndex, il = this.renderItems.length; i < il; i ++ ) {

			const renderItem = this.renderItems[ i ];

			if ( renderItem.id === null ) break;

			resetRenderItem( renderItem );

		}

		this._lastOcclusionObject = null;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is called when the render list has become inactive.
	 */
	clear() {

		// Clear all references from the render items so scene objects
		// are not retained when the render list is not used anymore.

		for ( let i = 0, il = this.renderItems.length; i < il; i ++ ) {

			const renderItem = this.renderItems[ i ];

			if ( renderItem.id === null ) break;

			resetRenderItem( renderItem );

		}

		this.opaque.length = 0;
		this.transparentDoublePass.length = 0;
		this.transparent.length = 0;
		this.bundles.length = 0;

	}

}

function resetRenderItem( renderItem ) {

	renderItem.id = null;
	renderItem.object = null;
	renderItem.geometry = null;
	renderItem.material = null;
	renderItem.groupOrder = null;
	renderItem.renderOrder = null;
	renderItem.z = null;
	renderItem.group = null;
	renderItem.clippingContext = null;

}

const _chainKeys$2 = [];

/**
 * This renderer module manages the render lists which are unique
 * per scene and camera combination.
 *
 * @private
 */
class RenderLists {

	/**
	 * Constructs a render lists management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Lighting} lighting - The lighting management component.
	 */
	constructor( lighting ) {

		/**
		 * The lighting management component.
		 *
		 * @type {Lighting}
		 */
		this.lighting = lighting;

		/**
		 * The internal chain map which holds the render lists.
		 *
		 * @type {ChainMap}
		 */
		this.lists = new ChainMap();

		/**
		 * The render lists which are currently in use. Lists are removed
		 * as soon as they become stale.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Set<RenderList>}
		 */
		this._activeLists = new Set();

		/**
		 * The current frame ID.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this._frameId = -1;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render list for the given scene and camera.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera.
	 * @return {RenderList} The render list.
	 */
	get( scene, camera ) {

		const lists = this.lists;

		_chainKeys$2[ 0 ] = scene;
		_chainKeys$2[ 1 ] = camera;

		let list = lists.get( _chainKeys$2 );

		if ( list === undefined ) {

			list = new RenderList( this.lighting, scene, camera );
			lists.set( _chainKeys$2, list );

		}

		_chainKeys$2[ 0 ] = null;
		_chainKeys$2[ 1 ] = null;

		//

		list.frameId = this._frameId;
		this._activeLists.add( list );

		return list;

	}

	/**
	 * Must be called when a new frame begins.
	 *
	 * @param {number} frameId - The current frame ID.
	 */
	update( frameId ) {

		if ( frameId === this._frameId ) return;

		this._frameId = frameId;

		for ( const list of this._activeLists ) {

			// if a render list has not been used within 10 frames, consider
			// it as inactive and clear it

			if ( frameId - list.frameId > 10 ) {

				list.clear();

				this._activeLists.delete( list );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Frees all internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.lists = new ChainMap();

		this._activeLists.clear();
		this._frameId = -1;

	}

}

let _id$8 = 0;

/**
 * Any render or compute command is executed in a specific context that defines
 * the state of the renderer and its backend. Typical examples for such context
 * data are the current clear values or data from the active framebuffer. This
 * module is used to represent these contexts as objects.
 *
 * @private
 */
class RenderContext {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render context.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The context's ID.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.id = _id$8 ++;

		/**
		 * The MRT configuration.
		 *
		 * @type {?MRTNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.mrt = null;

		/**
		 * Whether the current active framebuffer has a color attachment.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.color = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the color attachment should be cleared or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.clearColor = true;

		/**
		 * The clear color value.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.clearColorValue = { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 };

		/**
		 * Whether the current active framebuffer has a depth attachment.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.depth = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the depth attachment should be cleared or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.clearDepth = true;

		/**
		 * The clear depth value.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.clearDepthValue = 1;

		/**
		 * Whether the current active framebuffer has a stencil attachment.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.stencil = false;

		/**
		 * Whether the stencil attachment should be cleared or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.clearStencil = true;

		/**
		 * The clear stencil value.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.clearStencilValue = 1;

		/**
		 * By default the viewport encloses the entire framebuffer If a smaller
		 * viewport is manually defined, this property is to `true` by the renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.viewport = false;

		/**
		 * The viewport value. This value is in physical pixels meaning it incorporates
		 * the renderer's pixel ratio. The viewport property of render targets or
		 * the renderer is in logical pixels.
		 *
		 * @type {Vector4}
		 */
		this.viewportValue = new Vector4();

		/**
		 * When the scissor test is active and scissor rectangle smaller than the
		 * framebuffers dimensions, this property is to `true` by the renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.scissor = false;

		/**
		 * The scissor rectangle.
		 *
		 * @type {Vector4}
		 */
		this.scissorValue = new Vector4();

		/**
		 * The active render target.
		 *
		 * @type {?RenderTarget}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.renderTarget = null;

		/**
		 * The textures of the active render target.
		 * `null` when no render target is set.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<Texture>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.textures = null;

		/**
		 * The depth texture of the active render target.
		 * `null` when no render target is set.
		 *
		 * @type {?DepthTexture}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.depthTexture = null;

		/**
		 * The active cube face.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.activeCubeFace = 0;

		/**
		 * The active mipmap level.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.activeMipmapLevel = 0;

		/**
		 * The number of MSAA samples. This value is always `1` when
		 * MSAA isn't used.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.sampleCount = 1;

		/**
		 * The active render target's width in physical pixels.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.width = 0;

		/**
		 * The active render target's height in physical pixels.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.height = 0;

		/**
		 * The occlusion query count.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.occlusionQueryCount = 0;

		/**
		 * The current clipping context.
		 *
		 * @type {?ClippingContext}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clippingContext = null;

		/**
		 * The current camera.
		 *
		 * @type {?Camera}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.camera = null;

		/**
		 * Whether a fullscreen pass is rendered or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.fullscreenPass = false;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isRenderContext = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the cache key of this render context.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The cache key.
	 */
	getCacheKey() {

		return getCacheKey( this );

	}

}

/**
 * Computes a cache key for the given render context. This key
 * should identify the render target state so it is possible to
 * configure the correct attachments in the respective backend.
 *
 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
 * @return {number} The cache key.
 */
function getCacheKey( renderContext ) {

	const { textures, activeCubeFace, activeMipmapLevel } = renderContext;

	const values = [ activeCubeFace, activeMipmapLevel ];

	for ( const texture of textures ) {

		values.push( texture.id );

	}

	return hashArray( values );

}

/**
 * This module manages the render contexts of the renderer.
 *
 * @private
 */
class RenderContexts {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render context management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 */
	constructor( renderer ) {

		/**
		 * The renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * A dictionary that manages render contexts.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,RenderContext>}
		 */
		this._renderContexts = {};

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render context for the given scene, camera and render target.
	 *
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} [renderTarget=null] - The active render target.
	 * @param {?MRTNode} [mrt=null] - The MRT configuration
	 * @param {?number} [callDepth=0] - The call depth of the renderer.
	 * @return {RenderContext} The render context.
	 */
	get( renderTarget = null, mrt = null, callDepth = 0 ) {

		//

		let attachmentState;

		if ( renderTarget === null ) {

			attachmentState = 'default';

		} else {

			const format = renderTarget.texture.format;
			const type = renderTarget.texture.type;
			const count = renderTarget.textures.length;

			attachmentState = `${ count }:${ format }:${ type }:${ renderTarget.samples }:${ renderTarget.depthBuffer }:${ renderTarget.stencilBuffer }`;

		}

		//

		const mrtState = ( mrt !== null ) ? mrt.id : 'default';

		//

		const renderStateKey = attachmentState + '-' + mrtState + '-' + callDepth;

		let renderState = this._renderContexts[ renderStateKey ];

		if ( renderState === undefined ) {

			renderState = new RenderContext();
			renderState.mrt = mrt;

			this._renderContexts[ renderStateKey ] = renderState;

		}

		if ( renderTarget !== null ) renderState.sampleCount = renderTarget.samples === 0 ? 1 : renderTarget.samples;

		renderState.clearDepthValue = this.renderer.getClearDepth();
		renderState.clearStencilValue = this.renderer.getClearStencil();

		return renderState;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this._renderContexts = {};

	}

}

const _size$3 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();

/**
 * This module manages the textures of the renderer.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments DataMap
 */
class Textures extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new texture management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {Backend} backend - The renderer's backend.
	 * @param {Info} info - Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, backend, info ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * The backend.
		 *
		 * @type {Backend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing metrics and monitoring data.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = info;

		/**
		 * A set of HTMLTextures that need paint updates.
		 *
		 * @type {Set<HTMLTexture>}
		 */
		this._htmlTextures = new Set();

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given render target. Based on the given render target configuration,
	 * it updates the texture states representing the attachments of the framebuffer.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to update.
	 * @param {number} [activeMipmapLevel=0] - The active mipmap level.
	 */
	updateRenderTarget( renderTarget, activeMipmapLevel = 0 ) {

		const renderTargetData = this.get( renderTarget );

		const sampleCount = renderTarget.samples === 0 ? 1 : renderTarget.samples;
		const depthTextureMips = renderTargetData.depthTextureMips || ( renderTargetData.depthTextureMips = {} );

		const textures = renderTarget.textures;

		const size = this.getSize( textures[ 0 ] );

		const mipWidth = size.width >> activeMipmapLevel;
		const mipHeight = size.height >> activeMipmapLevel;

		let depthTexture = renderTarget.depthTexture || depthTextureMips[ activeMipmapLevel ];
		const useDepthTexture = renderTarget.depthBuffer === true || renderTarget.stencilBuffer === true;

		let textureNeedsUpdate = false;

		const hasArrayDepthTexture = depthTexture !== undefined && depthTexture.image !== undefined && depthTexture.image.depth > 1;
		const useArrayDepth = size.depth > 1 && ( renderTarget.useArrayDepthTexture || renderTarget.multiview || hasArrayDepthTexture );

		if ( depthTexture === undefined && useDepthTexture ) {

			depthTexture = new DepthTexture();

			depthTexture.format = renderTarget.stencilBuffer ? DepthStencilFormat : DepthFormat;
			depthTexture.type = renderTarget.stencilBuffer ? UnsignedInt248Type : UnsignedIntType; // FloatType
			depthTexture.image.width = mipWidth;
			depthTexture.image.height = mipHeight;
			depthTexture.image.depth = size.depth;
			depthTexture.renderTarget = renderTarget;

			depthTextureMips[ activeMipmapLevel ] = depthTexture;

		}

		if ( depthTexture ) {

			depthTexture.isArrayTexture = useArrayDepth;

		}

		if ( renderTargetData.width !== size.width || size.height !== renderTargetData.height ) {

			textureNeedsUpdate = true;

			if ( depthTexture ) {

				depthTexture.needsUpdate = true;
				depthTexture.image.width = mipWidth;
				depthTexture.image.height = mipHeight;
				depthTexture.image.depth = useArrayDepth ? size.depth : 1;

			}

		}

		renderTargetData.width = size.width;
		renderTargetData.height = size.height;
		renderTargetData.textures = textures;
		renderTargetData.depthTexture = depthTexture || null;
		renderTargetData.depth = renderTarget.depthBuffer;
		renderTargetData.stencil = renderTarget.stencilBuffer;
		renderTargetData.renderTarget = renderTarget;

		if ( renderTargetData.sampleCount !== sampleCount ) {

			textureNeedsUpdate = true;

			if ( depthTexture ) {

				depthTexture.needsUpdate = true;

			}

			renderTargetData.sampleCount = sampleCount;

		}

		//


		const options = { sampleCount };

		// XR render targets require no texture updates

		if ( renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget !== true ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

				const texture = textures[ i ];

				if ( textureNeedsUpdate ) texture.needsUpdate = true;

				this.updateTexture( texture, options );

			}

			if ( depthTexture ) {

				this.updateTexture( depthTexture, options );

			}

		}

		// dispose handler

		if ( renderTargetData.initialized !== true ) {

			renderTargetData.initialized = true;

			this.info.memory.renderTargets ++;

			// dispose

			renderTargetData.onDispose = () => {

				this._destroyRenderTarget( renderTarget );

			};

			renderTarget.addEventListener( 'dispose', renderTargetData.onDispose );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given texture. Depending on the texture state, this method
	 * triggers the upload of texture data to the GPU memory. If the texture data are
	 * not yet ready for the upload, it uses default texture data for as a placeholder.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to update.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - The options.
	 */
	updateTexture( texture, options = {} ) {

		const textureData = this.get( texture );
		if ( textureData.initialized === true && textureData.version === texture.version ) return;

		const isRenderTarget = texture.isRenderTargetTexture || texture.isDepthTexture || texture.isFramebufferTexture;
		const backend = this.backend;

		if ( isRenderTarget && textureData.initialized === true ) {

			// it's an update

			backend.destroyTexture( texture );

		}

		//

		if ( texture.isFramebufferTexture ) {

			const renderTarget = this.renderer.getRenderTarget();

			if ( renderTarget ) {

				texture.type = renderTarget.texture.type;

			} else {

				texture.type = UnsignedByteType;

			}

		}

		// Ensure HTMLTexture elements are in the canvas before measuring size.

		if ( texture.isHTMLTexture && texture.image ) {

			const canvas = this.renderer.domElement;

			if ( 'requestPaint' in canvas ) {

				if ( ! canvas.hasAttribute( 'layoutsubtree' ) ) {

					canvas.setAttribute( 'layoutsubtree', 'true' );

				}

				if ( texture.image.parentNode !== canvas ) {

					canvas.appendChild( texture.image );

				}

				// Set up shared paint callback for all HTMLTextures.

				if ( this._htmlTextures.size === 0 ) {

					const htmlTextures = this._htmlTextures;

					canvas.onpaint = ( event ) => {

						const changed = event && event.changedElements;

						for ( const t of htmlTextures ) {

							if ( ! changed || changed.includes( t.image ) ) {

								t.needsUpdate = true;

							}

						}

					};

				}

				this._htmlTextures.add( texture );

			}

		}

		//

		const { width, height, depth } = this.getSize( texture );

		options.width = width;
		options.height = height;
		options.depth = depth;
		options.needsMipmaps = this.needsMipmaps( texture );
		options.levels = options.needsMipmaps ? this.getMipLevels( texture, width, height ) : 1;

		// TODO: Uniformly handle mipmap definitions
		// Normal textures and compressed cube textures define base level + mips with their mipmap array
		// Uncompressed cube textures use their mipmap array only for mips (no base level)

		if ( texture.isCubeTexture && texture.mipmaps.length > 0 ) options.levels ++;

		//

		if ( isRenderTarget || texture.isStorageTexture === true || texture.isExternalTexture === true ) {

			backend.createTexture( texture, options );

			textureData.generation = texture.version;

		} else {

			if ( texture.version > 0 ) {

				const image = texture.image;

				if ( image === undefined ) {

					warn( 'Renderer: Texture marked for update but image is undefined.' );

				} else if ( image.complete === false ) {

					warn( 'Renderer: Texture marked for update but image is incomplete.' );

				} else {

					if ( texture.images ) {

						const images = [];

						for ( const image of texture.images ) {

							images.push( image );

						}

						options.images = images;

					} else {

						options.image = image;

					}

					if ( textureData.isDefaultTexture === undefined || textureData.isDefaultTexture === true ) {

						backend.createTexture( texture, options );

						textureData.isDefaultTexture = false;
						textureData.generation = texture.version;

					}

					if ( texture.source.dataReady === true ) backend.updateTexture( texture, options );

					const skipAutoGeneration = texture.isStorageTexture === true && texture.mipmapsAutoUpdate === false;

					if ( options.needsMipmaps && texture.mipmaps.length === 0 && ! skipAutoGeneration ) {

						backend.generateMipmaps( texture );

					}

					if ( texture.onUpdate ) texture.onUpdate( texture );

				}

			} else {

				// async update

				backend.createDefaultTexture( texture );

				textureData.isDefaultTexture = true;
				textureData.generation = texture.version;

			}

		}

		// dispose handler

		if ( textureData.initialized !== true ) {

			textureData.initialized = true;
			textureData.generation = texture.version;
			textureData.bindGroups = new Set();

			//

			this.info.createTexture( texture );

			//

			if ( texture.isVideoTexture && ColorManagement.enabled === true && ColorManagement.getTransfer( texture.colorSpace ) !== SRGBTransfer ) {

				warn( 'WebGPURenderer: Video textures must use a color space with a sRGB transfer function, e.g. SRGBColorSpace.' );

			}

			// dispose

			textureData.onDispose = () => {

				this._destroyTexture( texture );

			};

			texture.addEventListener( 'dispose', textureData.onDispose );

		}

		//

		textureData.version = texture.version;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the sampler for the given texture. This method has no effect
	 * for the WebGL backend since it has no concept of samplers. Texture
	 * parameters are configured with the `texParameter()` command for each
	 * texture.
	 *
	 * In WebGPU, samplers are objects like textures and it's possible to share
	 * them when the texture parameters match.
	 *
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to update.
	 * @return {string} The current sampler key.
	 */
	updateSampler( binding ) {

		return this.backend.updateSampler( binding );

	}

	/**
	 * Computes the size of the given texture and writes the result
	 * into the target vector. This vector is also returned by the
	 * method.
	 *
	 * If no texture data are available for the compute yet, the method
	 * returns default size values.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to compute the size for.
	 * @param {Vector3} target - The target vector.
	 * @return {Vector3} The target vector.
	 */
	getSize( texture, target = _size$3 ) {

		let image = texture.images ? texture.images[ 0 ] : texture.image;

		if ( image ) {

			if ( image.image !== undefined ) image = image.image;

			if ( texture.isHTMLTexture ) {

				target.width = image.offsetWidth || 1;
				target.height = image.offsetHeight || 1;
				target.depth = 1;

			} else if ( ( typeof HTMLVideoElement !== 'undefined' ) && ( image instanceof HTMLVideoElement ) ) {

				target.width = image.videoWidth || 1;
				target.height = image.videoHeight || 1;
				target.depth = 1;

			} else if ( ( typeof VideoFrame !== 'undefined' ) && ( image instanceof VideoFrame ) ) {

				target.width = image.displayWidth || 1;
				target.height = image.displayHeight || 1;
				target.depth = 1;

			} else {

				target.width = image.width || 1;
				target.height = image.height || 1;
				target.depth = texture.isCubeTexture ? 6 : ( image.depth || 1 );

			}

		} else {

			target.width = target.height = target.depth = 1;

		}

		return target;

	}

	/**
	 * Computes the number of mipmap levels for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {number} width - The texture's width.
	 * @param {number} height - The texture's height.
	 * @return {number} The number of mipmap levels.
	 */
	getMipLevels( texture, width, height ) {

		let mipLevelCount;

		if ( texture.mipmaps.length > 0 ) {

			mipLevelCount = texture.mipmaps.length;

		} else {

			if ( texture.isCompressedTexture === true ) {

				// it is not possible to compute mipmaps for compressed textures. So
				// when no mipmaps are defined in "texture.mipmaps", force a texture
				// level of 1

				mipLevelCount = 1;

			} else {

				mipLevelCount = Math.floor( Math.log2( Math.max( width, height ) ) ) + 1;

			}

		}

		return mipLevelCount;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given texture makes use of mipmapping.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether mipmaps are required or not.
	 */
	needsMipmaps( texture ) {

		return texture.generateMipmaps === true || texture.mipmaps.length > 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources when the given render target isn't
	 * required anymore.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to destroy.
	 */
	_destroyRenderTarget( renderTarget ) {

		if ( this.has( renderTarget ) === true ) {

			const renderTargetData = this.get( renderTarget );

			const textures = renderTargetData.textures;
			const depthTexture = renderTargetData.depthTexture;

			//

			renderTarget.removeEventListener( 'dispose', renderTargetData.onDispose );

			//

			for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

				this._destroyTexture( textures[ i ] );

			}

			if ( depthTexture ) {

				this._destroyTexture( depthTexture );

			}

			this.delete( renderTarget );
			this.backend.delete( renderTarget );

			this.info.memory.renderTargets --;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resource when the given texture isn't
	 * required anymore.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to destroy.
	 */
	_destroyTexture( texture ) {

		if ( this.has( texture ) === true ) {

			const textureData = this.get( texture );

			//

			texture.removeEventListener( 'dispose', textureData.onDispose );

			// if a texture is not ready for use, it falls back to a default texture so it's possible
			// to use it for rendering. If a texture in this state is disposed, it's important to
			// not destroy/delete the underlying GPU texture object since it is cached and shared with
			// other textures.

			const isDefaultTexture = textureData.isDefaultTexture;
			this.backend.destroyTexture( texture, isDefaultTexture );

			// delete cached bind groups so they don't point to destroyed textures

			if ( textureData.bindGroups ) {

				for ( const bindGroup of textureData.bindGroups ) {

					const bindingsData = this.backend.get( bindGroup );

					bindingsData.groups = undefined;
					bindingsData.versions = undefined;

					// go through all bindings and if one points to the destroyed texture, trigger dispose as well

					for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

						if ( binding.isSampler && binding.texture === texture ) {

							if ( binding.isSampledTexture !== true ) {

								this.backend.destroySampler( binding );

							}

							binding.reset();
							binding.release();

						}

					}

				}

			}

			this._htmlTextures.delete( texture );

			this.delete( texture );

			this.info.destroyTexture( texture );

		}

	}

}

/**
 * A four-component version of {@link Color} which is internally
 * used by the renderer to represents clear color with alpha as
 * one object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Color
 */
class Color4 extends Color {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new four-component color.
	 * You can also pass a single THREE.Color, hex or
	 * string argument to this constructor.
	 *
	 * @param {number|string} [r=1] - The red value.
	 * @param {number} [g=1] - The green value.
	 * @param {number} [b=1] - The blue value.
	 * @param {number} [a=1] - The alpha value.
	 */
	constructor( r, g, b, a = 1 ) {

		super( r, g, b );

		this.a = a;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
	 * You can also pass a single THREE.Color, hex or
	 * string argument to this method.
	 *
	 * @param {number|string|Color} r - The red value.
	 * @param {number} [g] - The green value.
	 * @param {number} [b] - The blue value.
	 * @param {number} [a=1] - The alpha value.
	 * @return {Color4} A reference to this object.
	 */
	set( r, g, b, a = 1 ) {

		this.a = a;

		return super.set( r, g, b );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
	 *
	 * @param {Color4} color - The color to copy.
	 * @return {Color4} A reference to this object.
	 */
	copy( color ) {

		if ( color.a !== undefined ) this.a = color.a;

		return super.copy( color );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
	 *
	 * @return {Color4} The cloned color.
	 */
	clone() {

		return new this.constructor( this.r, this.g, this.b, this.a );

	}

}

/**
 * A specialized context node designed to override specific target nodes within a
 * node sub-graph or flow. This allows replacing specific inputs (e.g., normal
 * and position vectors) dynamically during compilation for a specific flow node,
 * without having to reconstruct or duplicate the source nodes.
 *
 * ```js
 * // Method chaining example:
 * node.overrideNode( positionLocal, () => positionLocal.add( vec3( 1, 0, 0 ) ) );
 *
 * // Context assignment example:
 * material.contextNode = overrideNode( positionLocal, () => positionLocal.add( vec3( 1, 0, 0 ) ) );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments ContextNode
 */
class OverrideContextNode extends ContextNode {

	/**
	 * Returns the type of the node.
	 *
	 * @type {string}
	 * @readonly
	 * @static
	 */
	static get type() {

		return 'OverrideContextNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new override context node.
	 *
	 * @param {Map<Node, Function>} overrideNodes - A map mapping target nodes to their respective override callback functions.
	 * @param {Node|null} [flowNode=null] - The node whose context should be modified.
	 */
	constructor( overrideNodes, flowNode = null ) {

		super( flowNode, {
			overrideNodes
		} );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isOverrideContextNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Gathers the context data from all parent context nodes by traversing the hierarchy,
	 * merging the `overrideNodes` maps from all encountered `OverrideContextNode` instances.
	 *
	 * @return {Object} The gathered context data, containing the merged `overrideNodes` map.
	 */
	getFlowContextData() {

		const children = [];

		this.traverse( ( node ) => {

			if ( node.isOverrideContextNode === true ) {

				children.push( node.value.overrideNodes );

			}

		} );

		const overrideNodes = new Map( children.flatMap( ( map ) => Array.from( map.entries() ) ) );

		const data = super.getFlowContextData();
		data.overrideNodes = overrideNodes;

		return data;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an `OverrideContextNode` to override a single target node.
 *
 * ```js
 * material.contextNode = overrideNode( positionLocal, ( builder ) => positionLocal.add( vec3( 1, 0, 0 ) ) );
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} targetNode - The target node that should be overridden.
 * @param {Function|Node|null} [callback=null] - A callback function returning the overriding node (which receives the builder as its argument), or the overriding node itself.
 * @param {Node|null} [flowNode=null] - The node whose context should be modified.
 * @return {OverrideContextNode} The created override context node.
 */
function overrideNode( targetNode, callback = null, flowNode = null ) {

	if ( callback && callback.isNode ) {

		const node = callback;

		callback = () => node;

	}

	return new OverrideContextNode( new Map( [[ targetNode, callback ]] ), flowNode );

}

addMethodChaining( 'overrideNode', ( flowNode, node, callback ) => overrideNode( node, callback, flowNode ) );

/**
 * TSL function for creating an `OverrideContextNode` to override multiple target nodes.
 *
 * ```js
 * material.contextNode = overrideNodes( [
 * 	[ positionView, customPositionView ],
 * 	[ positionViewDirection, ( builder ) => customPositionViewDirection ]
 * ] );
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Map<Node, (Function|Node)>|Array<Array<Node|Function|Node>>} overrides - The overrides mapping target nodes to callback functions or overriding nodes.
 * @param {Node|null} [flowNode=null] - The node whose context should be modified.
 * @return {OverrideContextNode} The created override context node.
 */
function overrideNodes( overrides, flowNode = null ) {

	const overrideNodesMap = new Map();

	for ( const [ node, value ] of overrides ) {

		const callback = value !== null ? typeof value === 'function' ? value : () => value : null;

		overrideNodesMap.set( node, callback );

	}

	return new OverrideContextNode( overrideNodesMap, flowNode );

}

addMethodChaining( 'overrideNodes', ( flowNode, overrides ) => overrideNodes( overrides, flowNode ) );

/**
 * Special version of {@link PropertyNode} which is used for parameters.
 *
 * @augments PropertyNode
 */
class ParameterNode extends PropertyNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ParameterNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new parameter node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} nodeType - The type of the node.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the parameter in the shader.
	 */
	constructor( nodeType, name = null ) {

		super( nodeType, name );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isParameterNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the type of a member variable in the parameter node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the member variable.
	 * @returns {string}
	 */
	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const struct = builder.getStructTypeNode( type );

		let memberType;

		if ( struct !== null ) {

			memberType = struct.getMemberType( builder, name );

		} else {

			error( `TSL: Member "${ name }" not found in struct "${ type }".`, new StackTrace() );

			memberType = 'float';

		}

		return memberType;

	}

	getHash() {

		return String( this.id );

	}

	generate() {

		return this.name;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a parameter node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} type - The type of the node.
 * @param {?string} name - The name of the parameter in the shader.
 * @returns {ParameterNode}
 */
const parameter = ( type, name ) => new ParameterNode( type, name );

/**
 * Stack is a helper for Nodes that need to produce stack-based code instead of continuous flow.
 * They are usually needed in cases like `If`, `Else`.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class StackNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'StackNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new stack node.
	 *
	 * @param {?StackNode} [parent=null] - The parent stack node.
	 */
	constructor( parent = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * List of nodes.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.nodes = [];

		/**
		 * The output node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.outputNode = null;

		/**
		 * The parent stack node.
		 *
		 * @type {?StackNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.parent = parent;

		/**
		 * The current conditional node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {ConditionalNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentCond = null;

		/**
		 * The expression node. Only
		 * relevant for Switch/Case.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._expressionNode = null;

		/**
		 * The current node being processed.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentNode = null;

		/**
		 * Stores additional data for nodes that are added to the stack.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Map<Node, {delta: number}>}
		 */
		this._nodeDataLibrary = new Map();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStackNode = true;

	}

	getElementType( builder ) {

		return this.outputNode ? this.outputNode.getElementType( builder ) : 'void';

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.outputNode ? this.outputNode.getNodeType( builder ) : 'void';

	}

	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		return this.outputNode ? this.outputNode.getMemberType( builder, name ) : 'void';

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a node to this stack.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 * @param {number} [index=-1] - The index of the node. If not specified, the node will be added to the end of the stack.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	addToStack( node, index = -1 ) {

		if ( node.isNode !== true ) {

			error( 'TSL: Invalid node added to stack.', new StackTrace() );
			return this;

		}


		if ( index === -1 ) {

			if ( this._currentNode ) {

				let nodeData = this._nodeDataLibrary.get( this._currentNode );

				if ( nodeData === undefined ) {

					nodeData = {
						delta: 0
					};

					this._nodeDataLibrary.set( this._currentNode, nodeData );

				}

				nodeData.delta ++;

				index = this.nodes.indexOf( this._currentNode ) + nodeData.delta;

			} else {

				index = this.nodes.length;

			}

		}

		this.nodes.splice( index, 0, node );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a node to the stack before the current node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	addToStackBefore( node ) {

		const index = this._currentNode ? this.nodes.indexOf( this._currentNode ) : 0;

		return this.addToStack( node, index );

	}

	/**
	 * Represent an `if` statement in TSL.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} boolNode - Represents the condition.
	 * @param {Function} method - TSL code which is executed if the condition evaluates to `true`.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	If( boolNode, method ) {

		const methodNode = new ShaderNode( method );
		this._currentCond = select( boolNode, methodNode );

		return this.addToStack( this._currentCond );

	}

	/**
	 * Represent an `elseif` statement in TSL.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} boolNode - Represents the condition.
	 * @param {Function} method - TSL code which is executed if the condition evaluates to `true`.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	ElseIf( boolNode, method ) {

		const methodNode = new ShaderNode( method );
		const ifNode = select( boolNode, methodNode );

		this._currentCond.elseNode = ifNode;
		this._currentCond = ifNode;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Represent an `else` statement in TSL.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} method - TSL code which is executed in the `else` case.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	Else( method ) {

		this._currentCond.elseNode = new ShaderNode( method );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Represents a `switch` statement in TSL.
	 *
	 * @param {any} expression - Represents the expression.
	 * @param {Function} method - TSL code which is executed if the condition evaluates to `true`.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	Switch( expression ) {

		this._expressionNode = nodeObject( expression );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Represents a `case` statement in TSL. The TSL version accepts an arbitrary numbers of values.
	 * The last parameter must be the callback method that should be executed in the `true` case.
	 *
	 * @param {...any} params - The values of the `Case()` statement as well as the callback method.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	Case( ...params ) {

		const caseNodes = [];

		// extract case nodes from the parameter list

		if ( params.length >= 2 ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < params.length - 1; i ++ ) {

				caseNodes.push( this._expressionNode.equal( nodeObject( params[ i ] ) ) );

			}

		} else {

			error( 'TSL: Invalid parameter length. Case() requires at least two parameters.', new StackTrace() );

		}

		// extract method

		const method = params[ params.length - 1 ];
		const methodNode = new ShaderNode( method );

		// chain multiple cases when using Case( 1, 2, 3, () => {} )

		let caseNode = caseNodes[ 0 ];

		for ( let i = 1; i < caseNodes.length; i ++ ) {

			caseNode = caseNode.or( caseNodes[ i ] );

		}

		// build condition

		const condNode = select( caseNode, methodNode );

		if ( this._currentCond === null ) {

			this._currentCond = condNode;

			return this.addToStack( this._currentCond );

		} else {

			this._currentCond.elseNode = condNode;
			this._currentCond = condNode;

			return this;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Represents the default code block of a Switch/Case statement.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} method - TSL code which is executed in the `else` case.
	 * @return {StackNode} A reference to this stack node.
	 */
	Default( method ) {

		this.Else( method );

		return this;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const nodeProperties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		let index = 0;

		for ( const childNode of this.getChildren() ) {

			if ( childNode.isVarNode && childNode.isIntent( builder ) ) {

				if ( childNode.isAssign( builder ) !== true ) {

					continue;

				}

			}

			nodeProperties[ 'node' + index ++ ] = childNode;

		}

		// return a outputNode if exists or null

		return nodeProperties.outputNode || null;

	}

	build( builder, ...params ) {

		const previousStack = getCurrentStack();

		const buildStage = builder.buildStage;

		setCurrentStack( this );

		builder.setActiveStack( this );

		//

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i ++ ) {

			const node = this.nodes[ i ];
			const previousNode = this._currentNode;

			this._currentNode = node;

			if ( node.isVarNode && node.isIntent( builder ) ) {

				if ( node.isAssign( builder ) !== true ) {

					continue;

				}

			}

			if ( buildStage === 'setup' ) {

				node.build( builder );

			} else if ( buildStage === 'analyze' ) {

				node.build( builder, this );

			} else if ( buildStage === 'generate' ) {

				const stages = builder.getDataFromNode( node, 'any' ).stages;
				const parents = stages && stages[ builder.shaderStage ];

				if ( node.isVarNode && parents && parents.length === 1 && parents[ 0 ] && parents[ 0 ].isStackNode ) {

					continue; // skip var nodes that are only used in .toVarying()

				}

				node.build( builder, 'void' );

			}

			this._currentNode = previousNode;

		}

		//

		let result;

		if ( this.outputNode ) {

			const buildResult = this.outputNode.build( builder, ...params );

			if ( builder.buildStage !== 'generate' || this.outputNode.getNodeType( builder ) !== 'void' ) {

				result = buildResult;

			}

		} else {

			result = super.build( builder, ...params );

		}

		setCurrentStack( previousStack );

		builder.removeActiveStack( this );

		return result;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a stack node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?StackNode} [parent=null] - The parent stack node.
 * @returns {StackNode}
 */
const stack = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( StackNode ).setParameterLength( 0, 1 );

/**
 * Generates a layout for struct members.
 * This function takes an object representing struct members and returns an array of member layouts.
 * Each member layout includes the member's name, type, and whether it is atomic.
 *
 * @param {Object.<string, string|Object>} members - An object where keys are member names and values are either types (as strings) or objects with type and atomic properties.
 * @returns {Array.<{name: string, type: string, atomic: boolean}>} An array of member layouts.
 */
function getMembersLayout( members ) {

	return Object.entries( members ).map( ( [ name, value ] ) => {

		if ( typeof value === 'string' ) {

			return { name, type: value, atomic: false };

		}

		return { name, type: value.type, atomic: value.atomic || false };

	} );

}

/**
 * Represents a struct type node in the node-based system.
 * This class is used to define and manage the layout and types of struct members.
 * It extends the base Node class and provides methods to get the length of the struct,
 * retrieve member types, and generate the struct type for a builder.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class StructTypeNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'StructTypeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Creates an instance of StructTypeNode.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} membersLayout - The layout of the members for the struct.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The optional name of the struct.
	 */
	constructor( membersLayout, name = null ) {

		super( 'struct' );

		/**
		 * The layout of the members for the struct
		 *
		 * @type {Array.<{name: string, type: string, atomic: boolean}>}
		 */
		this.membersLayout = getMembersLayout( membersLayout );

		/**
		 * The name of the struct.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStructTypeNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the length of the struct in 4-byte elements (e.g. float or int components).
	 * The length is calculated by summing the lengths of the struct's members, accounting for memory alignment.
	 * To get the size in bytes, multiply the returned value by 4.
	 *
	 * @returns {number} The length of the struct in 4-byte elements.
	 */
	getLength() {

		let maxAlignment = 1; // maximum alignment value in this struct
		let offset = 0; // global buffer offset in 4 byte elements

		for ( const member of this.membersLayout ) {

			const type = member.type;

			const itemSize = getMemoryLengthFromType( type );
			const alignment = getAlignmentFromType( type );
			maxAlignment = Math.max( maxAlignment, alignment );

			const chunkOffset = offset % maxAlignment; // offset in the current chunk of maxAlignment elements
			const overhang = chunkOffset % alignment; // distance from the last aligned offset
			if ( overhang !== 0 ) {

				offset += alignment - overhang; // move to next aligned offset

			}

			offset += itemSize;

		}

		return ( Math.ceil( offset / maxAlignment ) * maxAlignment ); // ensure length is a multiple of maxAlignment

	}

	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		const member = this.membersLayout.find( m => m.name === name );

		return member ? member.type : 'void';

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		const structType = builder.getStructTypeFromNode( this, this.membersLayout, this.name );

		return structType.name;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		builder.getStructTypeFromNode( this, this.membersLayout, this.name );
		builder.addInclude( this );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		return this.getNodeType( builder );

	}

}

/**
 * StructNode allows to create custom structures with multiple members.
 * This can also be used to define structures in attribute and uniform data.
 *
 * ```js
 * // Define a custom struct
 * const BoundingBox = struct( { min: 'vec3', max: 'vec3' } );
 *
 * // Create a new instance of the struct
 * const bb = BoundingBox( vec3( 0 ), vec3( 1 ) ); // style 1
 * const bb = BoundingBox( { min: vec3( 0 ), max: vec3( 1 ) } ); // style 2
 *
 * // Access the struct members
 * const min = bb.get( 'min' );
 *
 * // Assign a new value to a member
 * min.assign( vec3() );
 * ```
 * @augments Node
 */
class StructNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'StructNode';

	}

	constructor( structTypeNode, values ) {

		super( 'vec3' );

		this.structTypeNode = structTypeNode;
		this.values = values;

		this.isStructNode = true;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.structTypeNode.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		return this.structTypeNode.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	_getChildren() {

		// Ensure struct type is the last child for correct code generation order

		const children = super._getChildren();

		const structTypeProperty = children.find( child => child.childNode === this.structTypeNode );

		children.splice( children.indexOf( structTypeProperty ), 1 );
		children.push( structTypeProperty );

		return children;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this );
		const structType = nodeVar.type;
		const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );

		builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertyName } = ${ builder.generateStruct( structType, this.structTypeNode.membersLayout, this.values ) }`, this );

		return nodeVar.name;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a struct node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Object} membersLayout - The layout of the struct members.
 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the struct.
 * @returns {Function} The struct function.
 */
const struct = ( membersLayout, name = null ) => {

	const structType = new StructTypeNode( membersLayout, name );

	const struct = ( ...params ) => {

		let values = null;

		if ( params.length > 0 ) {

			if ( params[ 0 ].isNode ) {

				values = {};

				const names = Object.keys( membersLayout );

				for ( let i = 0; i < params.length; i ++ ) {

					values[ names[ i ] ] = params[ i ];

				}

			} else {

				values = params[ 0 ];

			}

		}

		return new StructNode( structType, values );

	};

	return nodeProxyConstructor( struct, structType );

};

/**
 * This node can be used to define multiple outputs in a shader programs.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class OutputStructNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'OutputStructNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new output struct node. The constructor can be invoked with an
	 * arbitrary number of nodes representing the members.
	 *
	 * @param {...Node} members - A parameter list of nodes.
	 */
	constructor( ...members ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * An array of nodes which defines the output.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.members = members;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isOutputStructNode = true;

	}

	generateNodeType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return 'OutputType';

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		if ( nodeData.membersLayout === undefined ) {

			const members = this.members;
			const membersLayout = [];

			for ( let i = 0; i < members.length; i ++ ) {

				const name = 'm' + i;
				const type = members[ i ].getNodeType( builder );

				membersLayout.push( { name, type, index: i } );

			}

			nodeData.membersLayout = membersLayout;
			nodeData.structType = builder.getOutputStructTypeFromNode( this, nodeData.membersLayout );

		}

		//

		const propertyName = builder.getOutputStructName();
		const members = this.members;

		const structPrefix = propertyName !== '' ? propertyName + '.' : '';

		for ( let i = 0; i < members.length; i ++ ) {

			const snippet = members[ i ].build( builder, nodeData.membersLayout[ i ].type );

			builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ structPrefix }m${ i } = ${ snippet }`, this );

		}

		return propertyName;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an output struct node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {...Node} members - A parameter list of nodes.
 * @returns {OutputStructNode}
 */
const outputStruct = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( OutputStructNode );

/**
 * Represents blending configuration.
 *
 * This class encapsulates all blending-related properties that control how
 * a material's colors are combined with the colors already in the frame buffer.
 */
class BlendMode {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new blending configuration.
	 *
	 * @param {(NoBlending|NormalBlending|AdditiveBlending|SubtractiveBlending|MultiplyBlending|CustomBlending|MaterialBlending)} [blending=NormalBlending] - The blending mode.
	 */
	constructor( blending = NormalBlending ) {

		/**
		 * Defines the blending type.
		 *
		 * It must be set to `CustomBlending` if custom blending properties like
		 * {@link BlendMode#blendSrc}, {@link BlendMode#blendDst} or {@link BlendMode#blendEquation}
		 * should have any effect.
		 *
		 * @type {(NoBlending|NormalBlending|AdditiveBlending|SubtractiveBlending|MultiplyBlending|CustomBlending|MaterialBlending)}
		 * @default NormalBlending
		 */
		this.blending = blending;

		/**
		 * Defines the blending source factor.
		 *
		 * This determines how the source (incoming) fragment color is factored before being added
		 * to the destination (existing) fragment color in the frame buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
		 * @default SrcAlphaFactor
		 */
		this.blendSrc = SrcAlphaFactor;

		/**
		 * Defines the blending destination factor.
		 *
		 * This determines how the destination (existing) fragment color in the frame buffer
		 * is factored before being combined with the source (incoming) fragment color.
		 *
		 * @type {(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
		 * @default OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor
		 */
		this.blendDst = OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor;

		/**
		 * Defines the blending equation.
		 *
		 * This determines how the source and destination colors are combined.
		 *
		 * @type {(AddEquation|SubtractEquation|ReverseSubtractEquation|MinEquation|MaxEquation)}
		 * @default AddEquation
		 */
		this.blendEquation = AddEquation;

		/**
		 * Defines the blending source alpha factor.
		 *
		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's source blending factor.
		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendSrc} is used for the alpha channel as well.
		 *
		 * @type {?(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.blendSrcAlpha = null;

		/**
		 * Defines the blending destination alpha factor.
		 *
		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's destination blending factor.
		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendDst} is used for the alpha channel as well.
		 *
		 * @type {?(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.blendDstAlpha = null;

		/**
		 * Defines the blending equation of the alpha channel.
		 *
		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's blending equation.
		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendEquation} is used for the alpha channel as well.
		 *
		 * @type {?(AddEquation|SubtractEquation|ReverseSubtractEquation|MinEquation|MaxEquation)}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.blendEquationAlpha = null;

		/**
		 * Defines whether to premultiply the alpha (transparency) value.
		 *
		 * If `true`, the RGB color of the texture or material is multiplied by its alpha value.
		 * This is useful for transparent textures/materials where the color data
		 * should already include the transparency information.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.premultiplyAlpha = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Copies the blending properties from the given source to this instance.
	 *
	 * @param {BlendMode} source - The blending configuration to copy from.
	 * @return {BlendMode} A reference to this instance.
	 */
	copy( source ) {

		this.blending = source.blending;
		this.blendSrc = source.blendSrc;
		this.blendDst = source.blendDst;
		this.blendEquation = source.blendEquation;
		this.blendSrcAlpha = source.blendSrcAlpha;
		this.blendDstAlpha = source.blendDstAlpha;
		this.blendEquationAlpha = source.blendEquationAlpha;
		this.premultiplyAlpha = source.premultiplyAlpha;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a clone of this blending configuration.
	 *
	 * @return {BlendMode} A new Blending instance with the same properties.
	 */
	clone() {

		return new this.constructor().copy( this );

	}

}

// Predefined blend modes for MRT nodes.
const _noBlending = /**@__PURE__*/ new BlendMode( NoBlending );
const _materialBlending = /**@__PURE__*/ new BlendMode( MaterialBlending );

/**
 * Returns the MRT texture index for the given name.
 *
 * @param {Array<Texture>} textures - The textures of a MRT-configured render target.
 * @param {string} name - The name of the MRT texture which index is requested.
 * @return {number} The texture index.
 */
function getTextureIndex( textures, name ) {

	for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

		if ( textures[ i ].name === name ) {

			return i;

		}

	}

	return -1;

}

/**
 * This node can be used setup a MRT context for rendering. A typical MRT setup for
 * post-processing is shown below:
 * ```js
 * const mrtNode = mrt( {
 *   output: output,
 *   normal: normalView
 * } ) ;
 * ```
 * The MRT output is defined as a dictionary.
 *
 * @augments OutputStructNode
 */
class MRTNode extends OutputStructNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'MRTNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new output struct node.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string, Node>} outputNodes - The MRT outputs.
	 */
	constructor( outputNodes ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * A dictionary representing the MRT outputs. The key
		 * is the name of the output, the value the node which produces
		 * the output result.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string, Node>}
		 */
		this.outputNodes = outputNodes;

		/**
		 * A dictionary storing the blend modes for each output.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string, BlendMode>}
		 */
		this.blendModes = {
			output: _materialBlending
		};

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMRTNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the blend mode for the given output name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
	 * @param {BlendMode} blend - The blending mode.
	 * @return {MRTNode} The current MRT node.
	 */
	setBlendMode( name, blend ) {

		this.blendModes[ name ] = blend;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the blend mode for the given output name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
	 * @return {BlendMode} The blend mode.
	 */
	getBlendMode( name ) {

		return this.blendModes[ name ] || _noBlending;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the MRT node has an output with the given name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} Whether the MRT node has an output for the given name or not.
	 */
	has( name ) {

		return this.outputNodes[ name ] !== undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the output node for the given name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
	 * @return {Node} The output node.
	 */
	get( name ) {

		return this.outputNodes[ name ];

	}

	/**
	 * Merges the outputs of the given MRT node with the outputs of this node.
	 *
	 * @param {MRTNode} mrtNode - The MRT to merge.
	 * @return {MRTNode} A new MRT node with merged outputs..
	 */
	merge( mrtNode ) {

		const outputs = { ...this.outputNodes, ...mrtNode.outputNodes };
		const blendings = { ...this.blendModes, ...mrtNode.blendModes };

		const mrtTarget = mrt( outputs );
		mrtTarget.blendings = blendings;

		return mrtTarget;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const outputNodes = this.outputNodes;
		const mrt = builder.renderer.getRenderTarget();

		const members = [];

		const textures = mrt.textures;

		for ( const name in outputNodes ) {

			const index = getTextureIndex( textures, name );

			// Ignore if the output exists in the MRT but has never been used.
			if ( index === -1 ) continue;

			const type = builder.getOutputType( index );

			members[ index ] = outputNodes[ name ].convert( type );

		}

		this.members = members;

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a MRT node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Object<string, Node>} outputNodes - The MRT outputs.
 * @returns {MRTNode}
 */
const mrt = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( MRTNode );

/**
 * This node represents an operation that reinterprets the bit representation of a value
 * in one type as a value in another type.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class BitcastNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'BitcastNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new bitcast node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value to convert.
	 * @param {string} conversionType - The type to convert to.
	 * @param {?string} [inputType = null] - The expected input data type of the bitcast operation.
	 */
	constructor( valueNode, conversionType, inputType = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The data to bitcast to a new type.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.valueNode = valueNode;

		/**
		 * The type the value will be converted to.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.conversionType = conversionType;


		/**
		 * The expected input data type of the bitcast operation.
		 *
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.inputType = inputType;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBitcastNode = true;

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		// GLSL aliasing
		if ( this.inputType !== null ) {

			const valueType = this.valueNode.getNodeType( builder );
			const valueLength = builder.getTypeLength( valueType );

			return builder.getTypeFromLength( valueLength, this.conversionType );

		}

		return this.conversionType;

	}


	generate( builder ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		let inputType = '';

		if ( this.inputType !== null ) {

			const valueType = this.valueNode.getNodeType( builder );
			const valueTypeLength = builder.getTypeLength( valueType );

			inputType = valueTypeLength === 1 ? this.inputType : builder.changeComponentType( valueType, this.inputType );

		} else {

			inputType = this.valueNode.getNodeType( builder );

		}

		return `${ builder.getBitcastMethod( type, inputType ) }( ${ this.valueNode.build( builder, inputType ) } )`;


	}

}

/**
 * Reinterpret the bit representation of a value in one type as a value in another type.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The parameter.
 * @param {string} y - The new type.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const bitcast = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( BitcastNode ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Bitcasts a float or a vector of floats to a corresponding integer type with the same element size.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} value - The float or vector of floats to bitcast.
 * @returns {BitcastNode}
 */
const floatBitsToInt = ( value ) => new BitcastNode( value, 'int', 'float' );

/**
 * Bitcasts a float or a vector of floats to a corresponding unsigned integer type with the same element size.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} value - The float or vector of floats to bitcast.
 * @returns {BitcastNode}
 */
const floatBitsToUint = ( value ) => new BitcastNode( value, 'uint', 'float' );

/**
 * Bitcasts an integer or a vector of integers to a corresponding float type with the same element size.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<int>} value - The integer or vector of integers to bitcast.
 * @returns {BitcastNode}
 */
const intBitsToFloat = ( value ) => new BitcastNode( value, 'float', 'int' );

/**
 * Bitcast an unsigned integer or a vector of unsigned integers to a corresponding float type with the same element size.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<uint>} value - The unsigned integer or vector of unsigned integers to bitcast.
 * @returns {BitcastNode}
 */
const uintBitsToFloat = ( value ) => new BitcastNode( value, 'float', 'uint' );

const registeredBitcountFunctions = {};

/**
 * This node represents an operation that counts the bits of a piece of shader data.
 *
 * @augments MathNode
 */
class BitcountNode extends MathNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'BitcountNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new math node.
	 *
	 * @param {'countTrailingZeros'|'countLeadingZeros'|'countOneBits'} method - The method name.
	 * @param {Node} aNode - The first input.
	 */
	constructor( method, aNode ) {

		super( method, aNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBitcountNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Casts the input value of the function to an integer if necessary.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Node<uint>|Node<int>} inputNode - The input value.
	 * @param {Node<uint>} outputNode - The output value.
	 * @param {string} elementType - The type of the input value.
	 */
	_resolveElementType( inputNode, outputNode, elementType ) {

		if ( elementType === 'int' ) {

			outputNode.assign( bitcast( inputNode, 'uint' ) );

		} else {

			outputNode.assign( inputNode );

		}

	}

	_returnDataNode( inputType ) {

		switch ( inputType ) {

			case 'uint': {

				return uint;

			}

			case 'int': {

				return int;

			}

			case 'uvec2': {

				return uvec2;

			}

			case 'uvec3': {

				return uvec3;

			}

			case 'uvec4': {

				return uvec4;

			}

			case 'ivec2': {

				return ivec2;

			}

			case 'ivec3': {

				return ivec3;

			}

			case 'ivec4': {

				return ivec4;

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Creates and registers a reusable GLSL function that emulates the behavior of countTrailingZeros.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} method - The name of the function to create.
	 * @param {string} elementType - The type of the input value.
	 * @returns {Function} - The generated function
	 */
	_createTrailingZerosBaseLayout( method, elementType ) {

		const outputConvertNode = this._returnDataNode( elementType );

		const fnDef = Fn( ( [ value ] ) => {

			const v = uint( 0.0 );

			this._resolveElementType( value, v, elementType );

			const f = float( v.bitAnd( negate( v ) ) );
			const uintBits = floatBitsToUint( f );

			const numTrailingZeros = ( uintBits.shiftRight( 23 ) ).sub( 127 );

			return outputConvertNode( numTrailingZeros );

		} ).setLayout( {
			name: method,
			type: elementType,
			inputs: [
				{ name: 'value', type: elementType }
			]
		} );

		return fnDef;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates and registers a reusable GLSL function that emulates the behavior of countLeadingZeros.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} method - The name of the function to create.
	 * @param {string} elementType - The type of the input value.
	 * @returns {Function} - The generated function
	 */
	_createLeadingZerosBaseLayout( method, elementType ) {

		const outputConvertNode = this._returnDataNode( elementType );

		const fnDef = Fn( ( [ value ] ) => {

			If( value.equal( uint( 0 ) ), () => {

				return uint( 32 );

			} );

			const v = uint( 0 );
			const n = uint( 0 );
			this._resolveElementType( value, v, elementType );

			If( v.shiftRight( 16 ).equal( 0 ), () => {

				n.addAssign( 16 );
				v.shiftLeftAssign( 16 );

			} );

			If( v.shiftRight( 24 ).equal( 0 ), () => {

				n.addAssign( 8 );
				v.shiftLeftAssign( 8 );

			} );

			If( v.shiftRight( 28 ).equal( 0 ), () => {

				n.addAssign( 4 );
				v.shiftLeftAssign( 4 );

			} );

			If( v.shiftRight( 30 ).equal( 0 ), () => {

				n.addAssign( 2 );
				v.shiftLeftAssign( 2 );

			} );

			If( v.shiftRight( 31 ).equal( 0 ), () => {

				n.addAssign( 1 );

			} );

			return outputConvertNode( n );

		} ).setLayout( {
			name: method,
			type: elementType,
			inputs: [
				{ name: 'value', type: elementType }
			]
		} );

		return fnDef;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates and registers a reusable GLSL function that emulates the behavior of countOneBits.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} method - The name of the function to create.
	 * @param {string} elementType - The type of the input value.
	 * @returns {Function} - The generated function
	 */
	_createOneBitsBaseLayout( method, elementType ) {

		const outputConvertNode = this._returnDataNode( elementType );

		const fnDef = Fn( ( [ value ] ) => {

			const v = uint( 0.0 );

			this._resolveElementType( value, v, elementType );

			v.assign( v.sub( v.shiftRight( uint( 1 ) ).bitAnd( uint( 0x55555555 ) ) ) );
			v.assign( v.bitAnd( uint( 0x33333333 ) ).add( v.shiftRight( uint( 2 ) ).bitAnd( uint( 0x33333333 ) ) ) );

			const numBits = v.add( v.shiftRight( uint( 4 ) ) ).bitAnd( uint( 0xF0F0F0F ) ).mul( uint( 0x1010101 ) ).shiftRight( uint( 24 ) );

			return outputConvertNode( numBits );

		} ).setLayout( {
			name: method,
			type: elementType,
			inputs: [
				{ name: 'value', type: elementType }
			]
		} );

		return fnDef;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates and registers a reusable GLSL function that emulates the behavior of the specified bitcount function.
	 * including considerations for component-wise bitcounts on vector type inputs.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} method - The name of the function to create.
	 * @param {string} inputType - The type of the input value.
	 * @param {number} typeLength - The vec length of the input value.
	 * @param {Function} baseFn - The base function that operates on an individual component of the vector.
	 * @returns {Function} - The alias function for the specified bitcount method.
	 */
	_createMainLayout( method, inputType, typeLength, baseFn ) {

		const outputConvertNode = this._returnDataNode( inputType );

		const fnDef = Fn( ( [ value ] ) => {

			if ( typeLength === 1 ) {

				return outputConvertNode( baseFn( value ) );

			} else {

				const vec = outputConvertNode( 0 );

				const components = [ 'x', 'y', 'z', 'w' ];
				for ( let i = 0; i < typeLength; i ++ ) {

					const component = components[ i ];

					vec[ component ].assign( baseFn( value[ component ] ) );

				}

				return vec;

			}

		} ).setLayout( {
			name: method,
			type: inputType,
			inputs: [
				{ name: 'value', type: inputType }
			]
		} );

		return fnDef;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { method, aNode } = this;

		const { renderer } = builder;

		if ( renderer.backend.isWebGPUBackend ) {

			// use built-in WGSL functions for WebGPU

			return super.setup( builder );

		}

		const inputType = this.getInputType( builder );
		const elementType = builder.getElementType( inputType );

		const typeLength = builder.getTypeLength( inputType );

		const baseMethod = `${method}_base_${elementType}`;
		const newMethod = `${method}_${inputType}`;

		let baseFn = registeredBitcountFunctions[ baseMethod ];

		if ( baseFn === undefined ) {

			switch ( method ) {

				case BitcountNode.COUNT_LEADING_ZEROS: {

					baseFn = this._createLeadingZerosBaseLayout( baseMethod, elementType );
					break;

				}

				case BitcountNode.COUNT_TRAILING_ZEROS: {

					baseFn = this._createTrailingZerosBaseLayout( baseMethod, elementType );
					break;

				}

				case BitcountNode.COUNT_ONE_BITS: {

					baseFn = this._createOneBitsBaseLayout( baseMethod, elementType );
					break;

				}

			}

			registeredBitcountFunctions[ baseMethod ] = baseFn;

		}

		let fn = registeredBitcountFunctions[ newMethod ];

		if ( fn === undefined ) {

			fn = this._createMainLayout( newMethod, inputType, typeLength, baseFn );
			registeredBitcountFunctions[ newMethod ] = fn;

		}

		const output = Fn( () => {

			return fn(
				aNode,
			);

		} );

		return output();

	}

}

BitcountNode.COUNT_TRAILING_ZEROS = 'countTrailingZeros';
BitcountNode.COUNT_LEADING_ZEROS = 'countLeadingZeros';
BitcountNode.COUNT_ONE_BITS = 'countOneBits';

/**
 * Finds the number of consecutive 0 bits from the least significant bit of the input value,
 * which is also the index of the least significant bit of the input value.
 *
 * Can only be used with {@link WebGPURenderer} and a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The input value.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const countTrailingZeros = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( BitcountNode, BitcountNode.COUNT_TRAILING_ZEROS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Finds the number of consecutive 0 bits starting from the most significant bit of the input value.
 *
 * Can only be used with {@link WebGPURenderer} and a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node | number} x - The input value.
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const countLeadingZeros = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( BitcountNode, BitcountNode.COUNT_LEADING_ZEROS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Finds the number of '1' bits set in the input value
 *
 * Can only be used with {@link WebGPURenderer} and a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const countOneBits = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( BitcountNode, BitcountNode.COUNT_ONE_BITS ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Generates a hash value in the range `[0, 1]` from the given seed.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} seed - The seed.
 * @return {Node<float>} The hash value.
 */
const hash = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ seed ] ) => {

	// Taken from https://www.shadertoy.com/view/XlGcRh, originally from pcg-random.org

	const state = seed.toUint().mul( 747796405 ).add( 2891336453 );
	const word = state.shiftRight( state.shiftRight( 28 ).add( 4 ) ).bitXor( state ).mul( 277803737 );
	const result = word.shiftRight( 22 ).bitXor( word );

	return result.toFloat().mul( 1 / 2 ** 32 ); // Convert to range [0, 1)

} );

/**
 * A function that remaps the `[0,1]` interval into the `[0,1]` interval.
 * The corners are mapped to `0` and the center to `1`.
 * Reference: {@link https://iquilezles.org/articles/functions/}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} x - The value to remap.
 * @param {Node<float>} k - Allows to control the remapping functions shape by rising the parabola to a power `k`.
 * @return {Node<float>} The remapped value.
 */
const parabola = ( x, k ) => pow( mul( 4.0, x.mul( sub( 1.0, x ) ) ), k );

/**
 * A function that remaps the `[0,1]` interval into the `[0,1]` interval.
 * Expands the sides and compresses the center, and keeps `0.5` mapped to `0.5`.
 * Reference: {@link https://iquilezles.org/articles/functions/}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} x - The value to remap.
 * @param {Node<float>} k - `k=1` is the identity curve,`k<1` produces the classic `gain()` shape, and `k>1` produces "s" shaped curves.
 * @return {Node<float>} The remapped value.
 */
const gain = ( x, k ) => x.lessThan( 0.5 ) ? parabola( x.mul( 2.0 ), k ).div( 2.0 ) : sub( 1.0, parabola( mul( sub( 1.0, x ), 2.0 ), k ).div( 2.0 ) );

/**
 * A function that remaps the `[0,1]` interval into the `[0,1]` interval.
 * A generalization of the `parabola()`. Keeps the corners mapped to 0 but allows the control of the shape one either side of the curve.
 * Reference: {@link https://iquilezles.org/articles/functions/}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} x - The value to remap.
 * @param {Node<float>} a - First control parameter.
 * @param {Node<float>} b - Second control parameter.
 * @return {Node<float>} The remapped value.
 */
const pcurve = ( x, a, b ) => pow( div( pow( x, a ), add( pow( x, a ), pow( sub( 1.0, x ), b ) ) ), 1.0 / a );

/**
 * A phase shifted sinus curve that starts at zero and ends at zero, with bouncing behavior.
 * Reference: {@link https://iquilezles.org/articles/functions/}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} x - The value to compute the sin for.
 * @param {Node<float>} k - Controls the amount of bounces.
 * @return {Node<float>} The result value.
 */
const sinc = ( x, k ) => sin( PI.mul( k.mul( x ).sub( 1.0 ) ) ).div( PI.mul( k.mul( x ).sub( 1.0 ) ) );

/**
 * This node represents an operation that packs floating-point values of a vector into an unsigned 32-bit integer
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class PackFloatNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'PackFloatNode';

	}

	/**
	 *
	 * @param {'snorm' | 'unorm' | 'float16'} encoding - The numeric encoding that describes how the float values are mapped to the integer range.
	 * @param {Node} vectorNode - The vector node to be packed
	 */
	constructor( encoding, vectorNode ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The vector to be packed.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.vectorNode = vectorNode;

		/**
		 * The numeric encoding.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.encoding = encoding;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isPackFloatNode = true;

	}

	generateNodeType() {

		return 'uint';

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const inputType = this.vectorNode.getNodeType( builder );
		return `${ builder.getFloatPackingMethod( this.encoding ) }(${ this.vectorNode.build( builder, inputType )})`;

	}

}

/**
 * Converts each component of the normalized float to 16-bit integer values. The results are packed into a single unsigned integer.
 * round(clamp(c, -1, +1) * 32767.0)
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} value - The 2-component vector to be packed
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const packSnorm2x16 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( PackFloatNode, 'snorm' ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Converts each component of the normalized float to 16-bit integer values. The results are packed into a single unsigned integer.
 * round(clamp(c, 0, +1) * 65535.0)
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} value - The 2-component vector to be packed
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const packUnorm2x16 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( PackFloatNode, 'unorm' ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Converts each component of the vec2 to 16-bit floating-point values. The results are packed into a single unsigned integer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} value - The 2-component vector to be packed
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const packHalf2x16 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( PackFloatNode, 'float16' ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * This node represents an operation that unpacks values from a 32-bit unsigned integer, reinterpreting the results as a floating-point vector
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class UnpackFloatNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'UnpackFloatNode';

	}

	/**
	 *
	 * @param {'snorm' | 'unorm' | 'float16'} encoding - The numeric encoding that describes how the integer values are mapped to the float range
	 * @param {Node} uintNode - The uint node to be unpacked
	 */
	constructor( encoding, uintNode ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The unsigned integer to be unpacked.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.uintNode = uintNode;

		/**
		 * The numeric encoding.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.encoding = encoding;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isUnpackFloatNode = true;

	}

	generateNodeType() {

		return 'vec2';

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const inputType = this.uintNode.getNodeType( builder );
		return `${ builder.getFloatUnpackingMethod( this.encoding ) }(${ this.uintNode.build( builder, inputType )})`;

	}

}

/**
 * Unpacks a 32-bit unsigned integer into two 16-bit values, interpreted as normalized signed integers. Returns a vec2 with both values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<uint>} value - The unsigned integer to be unpacked
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const unpackSnorm2x16 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( UnpackFloatNode, 'snorm' ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Unpacks a 32-bit unsigned integer into two 16-bit values, interpreted as normalized unsigned integers. Returns a vec2 with both values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<uint>} value - The unsigned integer to be unpacked
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const unpackUnorm2x16 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( UnpackFloatNode, 'unorm' ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Unpacks a 32-bit unsigned integer into two 16-bit values, interpreted as 16-bit floating-point numbers. Returns a vec2 with both values.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<uint>} value - The unsigned integer to be unpacked
 * @returns {Node}
 */
const unpackHalf2x16 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( UnpackFloatNode, 'float16' ).setParameterLength( 1 );

// https://github.com/cabbibo/glsl-tri-noise-3d


const tri = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x ] ) => {

	return x.fract().sub( .5 ).abs();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'tri',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const tri3 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p ] ) => {

	return vec3( tri( p.z.add( tri( p.y.mul( 1. ) ) ) ), tri( p.z.add( tri( p.x.mul( 1. ) ) ) ), tri( p.y.add( tri( p.x.mul( 1. ) ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'tri3',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Generates a noise value from the given position, speed and time parameters.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} position - The position.
 * @param {Node<float>} speed - The speed.
 * @param {Node<float>} time - The time.
 * @return {Node<float>} The generated noise.
 */
const triNoise3D = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ position, speed, time ] ) => {

	const p = vec3( position ).toVar();
	const z = float( 1.4 ).toVar();
	const rz = float( 0.0 ).toVar();
	const bp = vec3( p ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: float( 0.0 ), end: float( 3.0 ), type: 'float', condition: '<=' }, () => {

		const dg = vec3( tri3( bp.mul( 2.0 ) ) ).toVar();
		p.addAssign( dg.add( time.mul( float( 0.1 ).mul( speed ) ) ) );
		bp.mulAssign( 1.8 );
		z.mulAssign( 1.5 );
		p.mulAssign( 1.2 );

		const t = float( tri( p.z.add( tri( p.x.add( tri( p.y ) ) ) ) ) ).toVar();
		rz.addAssign( t.div( z ) );
		bp.addAssign( 0.14 );

	} );

	return rz;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'triNoise3D',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'position', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'speed', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'time', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

/**
 * This class allows to define multiple overloaded versions
 * of the same function. Depending on the parameters of the function
 * call, the node picks the best-fit overloaded version.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class FunctionOverloadingNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'FunctionOverloadingNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new function overloading node.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Function>} functionNodes - Array of `Fn` function definitions.
	 * @param {...Node} parametersNodes - A list of parameter nodes.
	 */
	constructor( functionNodes = [], ...parametersNodes ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * Array of `Fn` function definitions.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Function>}
		 */
		this.functionNodes = functionNodes;

		/**
		 * A list of parameter nodes.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.parametersNodes = parametersNodes;

		/**
		 * The selected overloaded function call.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {ShaderCallNodeInternal}
		 */
		this._candidateFn = null;

		/**
		 * This node is marked as global.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from
	 * the function's return type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		const candidateFn = this.getCandidateFn( builder );

		return candidateFn.shaderNode.layout.type;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the candidate function for the current parameters.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {FunctionNode} The candidate function.
	 */
	getCandidateFn( builder ) {

		const params = this.parametersNodes;

		let candidateFn = this._candidateFn;

		if ( candidateFn === null ) {

			let bestCandidateFn = null;
			let bestScore = -1;

			for ( const functionNode of this.functionNodes ) {

				const shaderNode = functionNode.shaderNode;
				const layout = shaderNode.layout;

				if ( layout === null ) {

					throw new Error( 'THREE.FunctionOverloadingNode: FunctionNode must be a layout.' );

				}

				const inputs = layout.inputs;

				if ( params.length === inputs.length ) {

					let currentScore = 0;

					for ( let i = 0; i < params.length; i ++ ) {

						const param = params[ i ];
						const input = inputs[ i ];

						if ( param.getNodeType( builder ) === input.type ) {

							currentScore ++;

						}

					}

					if ( currentScore > bestScore ) {

						bestCandidateFn = functionNode;
						bestScore = currentScore;

					}

				}

			}

			this._candidateFn = candidateFn = bestCandidateFn;

		}

		return candidateFn;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets up the node for the current parameters.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Node} The setup node.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		const candidateFn = this.getCandidateFn( builder );

		return candidateFn( ...this.parametersNodes );

	}

}

const overloadingBaseFn = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( FunctionOverloadingNode );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a function overloading node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Array<Function>} functionNodes - Array of `Fn` function definitions.
 * @returns {FunctionOverloadingNode}
 */
const overloadingFn = ( functionNodes ) => ( ...params ) => overloadingBaseFn( functionNodes, ...params );

/**
 * Represents the elapsed time in seconds.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
 */
const time = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( frame ) => frame.time );

/**
 * Represents the delta time in seconds.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
 */
const deltaTime = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( frame ) => frame.deltaTime );

/**
 * Represents the current frame ID.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {UniformNode<uint>}
 */
const frameId = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 0, 'uint' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( frame ) => frame.frameId );

/**
 * Generates a sine wave oscillation based on a timer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} t - The timer to generate the oscillation with.
 * @return {Node<float>} The oscillation node.
 */
const oscSine = ( t = time ) => t.add( 0.75 ).mul( Math.PI * 2 ).sin().mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 );

/**
 * Generates a square wave oscillation based on a timer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} t - The timer to generate the oscillation with.
 * @return {Node<float>} The oscillation node.
 */
const oscSquare = ( t = time ) => t.fract().round();

/**
 * Generates a triangle wave oscillation based on a timer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} t - The timer to generate the oscillation with.
 * @return {Node<float>} The oscillation node.
 */
const oscTriangle = ( t = time ) => t.add( 0.5 ).fract().mul( 2 ).sub( 1 ).abs();

/**
 * Generates a sawtooth wave oscillation based on a timer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<float>} t - The timer to generate the oscillation with.
 * @return {Node<float>} The oscillation node.
 */
const oscSawtooth = ( t = time ) => t.fract();

/**
 * Replaces the default UV coordinates used in texture lookups.
 *
 * ```js
 *material.contextNode = replaceDefaultUV( ( textureNode ) => {
 *
 *	// ...
 *	return customUVCoordinates;
 *
 *} );
 *```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {function(Node):Node<vec2>|Node<vec2>} callback - A callback that receives the texture node
 * and must return the new uv coordinates.
 * @param {Node} [node=null] - An optional node to which the context will be applied.
 * @return {ContextNode} A context node that replaces the default UV coordinates.
 */
function replaceDefaultUV( callback, node = null ) {

	const getUV = typeof callback === 'function' ? callback : () => callback;

	return context( node, { getUV } );

}

/**
 * Rotates the given uv coordinates around a center point
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} uv - The uv coordinates.
 * @param {Node<float>} rotation - The rotation defined in radians.
 * @param {Node<vec2>} center - The center of rotation
 * @return {Node<vec2>} The rotated uv coordinates.
 */
const rotateUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ uv, rotation, center = vec2( 0.5 ) ] ) => {

	return rotate( uv.sub( center ), rotation ).add( center );

} );

/**
 * Applies a spherical warping effect to the given uv coordinates.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} uv - The uv coordinates.
 * @param {Node<float>} strength - The strength of the effect.
 * @param {Node<vec2>} center - The center point
 * @return {Node<vec2>} The updated uv coordinates.
 */
const spherizeUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ uv, strength, center = vec2( 0.5 ) ] ) => {

	const delta = uv.sub( center );
	const delta2 = delta.dot( delta );
	const delta4 = delta2.mul( delta2 );
	const deltaOffset = delta4.mul( strength );

	return uv.add( delta.mul( deltaOffset ) );

} );

/**
 * This can be used to achieve a billboarding behavior for flat meshes. That means they are
 * oriented always towards the camera.
 *
 * ```js
 * material.vertexNode = billboarding();
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Object} config - The configuration object.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [config.position=null] - Can be used to define the vertex positions in world space.
 * @param {boolean} [config.horizontal=true] - Whether to follow the camera rotation horizontally or not.
 * @param {boolean} [config.vertical=false] - Whether to follow the camera rotation vertically or not.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The updated vertex position in clip space.
 */
const billboarding = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { position = null, horizontal = true, vertical = false } ) => {

	let worldMatrix;

	if ( position !== null ) {

		worldMatrix = modelWorldMatrix.toVar();
		worldMatrix[ 3 ][ 0 ] = position.x;
		worldMatrix[ 3 ][ 1 ] = position.y;
		worldMatrix[ 3 ][ 2 ] = position.z;

	} else {

		worldMatrix = modelWorldMatrix;

	}

	const modelViewMatrix = cameraViewMatrix.mul( worldMatrix );

	if ( defined( horizontal ) ) {

		modelViewMatrix[ 0 ][ 0 ] = modelWorldMatrix[ 0 ].length();
		modelViewMatrix[ 0 ][ 1 ] = 0;
		modelViewMatrix[ 0 ][ 2 ] = 0;

	}

	if ( defined( vertical ) ) {

		modelViewMatrix[ 1 ][ 0 ] = 0;
		modelViewMatrix[ 1 ][ 1 ] = modelWorldMatrix[ 1 ].length();
		modelViewMatrix[ 1 ][ 2 ] = 0;

	}

	modelViewMatrix[ 2 ][ 0 ] = 0;
	modelViewMatrix[ 2 ][ 1 ] = 0;
	modelViewMatrix[ 2 ][ 2 ] = 1;

	return cameraProjectionMatrix.mul( modelViewMatrix ).mul( positionLocal );

} );

/**
 * A special version of a screen uv function that involves a depth comparison
 * when computing the final uvs. The function mitigates visual errors when
 * using viewport texture nodes for refraction purposes. Without this function
 * objects in front of a refractive surface might appear on the refractive surface
 * which is incorrect.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node<vec2>} uv - Optional uv coordinates. By default `screenUV` is used.
 * @return {Node<vec2>} The update uv coordinates.
 */
const viewportSafeUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ uv = null ] ) => {

	const depth = linearDepth();
	const depthDiff = linearDepth( viewportDepthTexture( uv ) ).sub( depth );
	const finalUV = depthDiff.lessThan( 0 ).select( screenUV, uv );

	return finalUV;

} );

/**
 * TSL function for computing texture coordinates for animated sprite sheets.
 *
 * ```js
 * const uvNode = spritesheetUV( vec2( 6, 6 ), uv(), time.mul( animationSpeed ) );
 *
 * material.colorNode = texture( spriteSheet, uvNode );
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} countNode - The node that defines the number of sprites in the x and y direction (e.g 6x6).
 * @param {?Node<vec2>} [uvNode=uv()] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [frameNode=float(0)] - The node that defines the current frame/sprite.
 * @returns {Node<vec2>}
 */
const spritesheetUV = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ countNode, uvNode = uv$1(), frameNode = float( 0 ) ] ) => {

	const width = countNode.x;
	const height = countNode.y;

	const frameNum = frameNode.mod( width.mul( height ) ).floor();

	const column = frameNum.mod( width );
	const row = height.sub( frameNum.add( 1 ).div( width ).ceil() );

	const scale = countNode.reciprocal();
	const uvFrameOffset = vec2( column, row );

	return uvNode.add( uvFrameOffset ).mul( scale );

} );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a triplanar textures node.
 *
 * Can be used for triplanar texture mapping.
 *
 * ```js
 * material.colorNode = triplanarTexture( texture( diffuseMap ) );
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} textureXNode - First texture node.
 * @param {?Node} [textureYNode=null] - Second texture node. When not set, the shader will sample from `textureXNode` instead.
 * @param {?Node} [textureZNode=null] - Third texture node. When not set, the shader will sample from `textureXNode` instead.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [scaleNode=float(1)] - The scale node.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [positionNode=positionLocal] - Vertex positions in local space.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [normalNode=normalLocal] - Normals in local space.
 * @returns {Node<vec4>}
 */
const triplanarTextures = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ textureXNode, textureYNode = null, textureZNode = null, scaleNode = float( 1 ), positionNode = positionLocal, normalNode = normalLocal ] ) => {

	// Reference: https://github.com/keijiro/StandardTriplanar

	// Blending factor of triplanar mapping
	let bf = normalNode.abs().normalize();
	bf = bf.div( bf.dot( vec3( 1.0 ) ) );

	// Triplanar mapping
	const tx = positionNode.yz.mul( scaleNode );
	const ty = positionNode.zx.mul( scaleNode );
	const tz = positionNode.xy.mul( scaleNode );

	// Base color
	const textureX = textureXNode.value;
	const textureY = textureYNode !== null ? textureYNode.value : textureX;
	const textureZ = textureZNode !== null ? textureZNode.value : textureX;

	const cx = texture( textureX, tx ).mul( bf.x );
	const cy = texture( textureY, ty ).mul( bf.y );
	const cz = texture( textureZ, tz ).mul( bf.z );

	return add( cx, cy, cz );

} );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a triplanar textures node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} textureXNode - First texture node.
 * @param {?Node} [textureYNode=null] - Second texture node. When not set, the shader will sample from `textureXNode` instead.
 * @param {?Node} [textureZNode=null] - Third texture node. When not set, the shader will sample from `textureXNode` instead.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [scaleNode=float(1)] - The scale node.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [positionNode=positionLocal] - Vertex positions in local space.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [normalNode=normalLocal] - Normals in local space.
 * @returns {Node<vec4>}
 */
const triplanarTexture = ( ...params ) => triplanarTextures( ...params );

const _reflectorPlane = new Plane();
const _normal = new Vector3();
const _reflectorWorldPosition = new Vector3();
const _cameraWorldPosition = new Vector3();
const _rotationMatrix = new Matrix4();
const _lookAtPosition = new Vector3( 0, 0, -1 );
const clipPlane = new Vector4();

const _view = new Vector3();
const _target = new Vector3();
const _q = new Vector4();

const _size$2 = new Vector2();

const _defaultRT = new RenderTarget();
const _defaultUV = screenUV.flipX();

_defaultRT.depthTexture = new DepthTexture( 1, 1 );

let _inReflector = false;

/**
 * This node can be used to implement mirror-like flat reflective surfaces.
 *
 * ```js
 * const groundReflector = reflector();
 * material.colorNode = groundReflector;
 *
 * const plane = new Mesh( geometry, material );
 * plane.add( groundReflector.target );
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TextureNode
 */
class ReflectorNode extends TextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ReflectorNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new reflector node.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} [parameters={}] - An object holding configuration parameters.
	 * @param {Object3D} [parameters.target=new Object3D()] - The 3D object the reflector is linked to.
	 * @param {number} [parameters.resolutionScale=1] - The resolution scale.
	 * @param {boolean} [parameters.generateMipmaps=false] - Whether mipmaps should be generated or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [parameters.bounces=true] - Whether reflectors can render other reflector nodes or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [parameters.depth=false] - Whether depth data should be generated or not.
	 * @param {number} [parameters.samples] - Anti-Aliasing samples of the internal render-target.
	 * @param {TextureNode} [parameters.defaultTexture] - The default texture node.
	 * @param {ReflectorBaseNode} [parameters.reflector] - The reflector base node.
	 */
	constructor( parameters = {} ) {

		super( parameters.defaultTexture || _defaultRT.texture, _defaultUV );

		/**
		 * A reference to the internal reflector base node which holds the actual implementation.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {ReflectorBaseNode}
		 * @default ReflectorBaseNode
		 */
		this._reflectorBaseNode = parameters.reflector || new ReflectorBaseNode( this, parameters );

		/**
		 * A reference to the internal depth node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._depthNode = null;

		this.setUpdateMatrix( false );

	}

	/**
	 * A reference to the internal reflector node.
	 *
	 * @type {ReflectorBaseNode}
	 */
	get reflector() {

		return this._reflectorBaseNode;

	}

	/**
	 * A reference to 3D object the reflector is linked to.
	 *
	 * @type {Object3D}
	 */
	get target() {

		return this._reflectorBaseNode.target;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node representing the mirror's depth. That can be used
	 * to implement more advanced reflection effects like distance attenuation.
	 *
	 * @return {Node} The depth node.
	 */
	getDepthNode() {

		if ( this._depthNode === null ) {

			if ( this._reflectorBaseNode.depth !== true ) {

				throw new Error( 'THREE.ReflectorNode: Depth node can only be requested when the reflector is created with { depth: true }. ' );

			}

			this._depthNode = new ReflectorNode( {
				defaultTexture: _defaultRT.depthTexture,
				reflector: this._reflectorBaseNode
			} );

		}

		return this._depthNode;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		// ignore if used in post-processing
		if ( ! builder.object.isQuadMesh ) this._reflectorBaseNode.build( builder );

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

	clone() {

		const newNode = new this.constructor( this.reflectorNode );
		newNode.uvNode = this.uvNode;
		newNode.levelNode = this.levelNode;
		newNode.biasNode = this.biasNode;
		newNode.sampler = this.sampler;
		newNode.depthNode = this.depthNode;
		newNode.compareNode = this.compareNode;
		newNode.gradNode = this.gradNode;
		newNode.gatherNode = this.gatherNode;
		newNode.offsetNode = this.offsetNode;
		newNode._reflectorBaseNode = this._reflectorBaseNode;

		return newNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources. Should be called when the node is no longer in use.
	 */
	dispose() {

		super.dispose();

		this._reflectorBaseNode.dispose();

	}

}

/**
 * Holds the actual implementation of the reflector.
 *
 * TODO: Explain why `ReflectorBaseNode`. Originally the entire logic was implemented
 * in `ReflectorNode`, see #29619.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Node
 */
class ReflectorBaseNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ReflectorBaseNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new reflector base node.
	 *
	 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - Represents the rendered reflections as a texture node.
	 * @param {Object} [parameters={}] - An object holding configuration parameters.
	 * @param {Object3D} [parameters.target=new Object3D()] - The 3D object the reflector is linked to.
	 * @param {number} [parameters.resolutionScale=1] - The resolution scale.
	 * @param {boolean} [parameters.generateMipmaps=false] - Whether mipmaps should be generated or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [parameters.bounces=true] - Whether reflectors can render other reflector nodes or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [parameters.depth=false] - Whether depth data should be generated or not.
	 * @param {number} [parameters.samples] - Anti-Aliasing samples of the internal render-target.
	 */
	constructor( textureNode, parameters = {} ) {

		super();

		const {
			target = new Object3D(),
			resolutionScale = 1,
			generateMipmaps = false,
			bounces = true,
			depth = false,
			samples = 0
		} = parameters;

		/**
		 * Represents the rendered reflections as a texture node.
		 *
		 * @type {TextureNode}
		 */
		this.textureNode = textureNode;

		/**
		 * The 3D object the reflector is linked to.
		 *
		 * @type {Object3D}
		 * @default {new Object3D()}
		 */
		this.target = target;

		/**
		 * The resolution scale.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default {1}
		 */
		this.resolutionScale = resolutionScale;

		if ( parameters.resolution !== undefined ) {

			warnOnce( 'ReflectorNode: The "resolution" parameter has been renamed to "resolutionScale".' ); // @deprecated r180

			this.resolutionScale = parameters.resolution;

		}

		/**
		 * Whether mipmaps should be generated or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default {false}
		 */
		this.generateMipmaps = generateMipmaps;

		/**
		 * Whether reflectors can render other reflector nodes or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default {true}
		 */
		this.bounces = bounces;

		/**
		 * Whether depth data should be generated or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default {false}
		 */
		this.depth = depth;

		/**
		 * The number of anti-aliasing samples for the render-target
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default {0}
		 */
		this.samples = samples;

		/**
		 * The `updateBeforeType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.RENDER` when {@link ReflectorBaseNode#bounces}
		 * is `true`. Otherwise it's `NodeUpdateType.FRAME`.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = bounces ? NodeUpdateType.RENDER : NodeUpdateType.FRAME;

		/**
		 * Weak map for managing virtual cameras.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Camera, Camera>}
		 */
		this.virtualCameras = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * Weak map for managing render targets.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<Camera, RenderTarget>}
		 */
		this.renderTargets = new Map();

		/**
		 * Force render even if reflector is facing away from camera.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default {false}
		 */
		this.forceUpdate = false;

		/**
		 * Whether the reflector has been rendered or not.
		 *
		 * When the reflector is facing away from the camera,
		 * this flag is set to `false` and the texture will be empty(black).
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default {false}
		 */
		this.hasOutput = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the resolution of the internal render target.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to resize.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer that is used to determine the new size.
	 */
	_updateResolution( renderTarget, renderer ) {

		const resolution = this.resolutionScale;

		renderer.getDrawingBufferSize( _size$2 );

		renderTarget.setSize( Math.round( _size$2.width * resolution ), Math.round( _size$2.height * resolution ) );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		this._updateResolution( _defaultRT, builder.renderer );

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources. Should be called when the node is no longer in use.
	 */
	dispose() {

		super.dispose();

		for ( const renderTarget of this.renderTargets.values() ) {

			renderTarget.dispose();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a virtual camera for the given camera. The virtual camera is used to
	 * render the scene from the reflector's view so correct reflections can be produced.
	 *
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The scene's camera.
	 * @return {Camera} The corresponding virtual camera.
	 */
	getVirtualCamera( camera ) {

		let virtualCamera = this.virtualCameras.get( camera );

		if ( virtualCamera === undefined ) {

			virtualCamera = camera.clone();

			this.virtualCameras.set( camera, virtualCamera );

		}

		return virtualCamera;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render target for the given camera. The reflections are rendered
	 * into this render target.
	 *
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The scene's camera.
	 * @return {RenderTarget} The render target.
	 */
	getRenderTarget( camera ) {

		let renderTarget = this.renderTargets.get( camera );

		if ( renderTarget === undefined ) {

			renderTarget = new RenderTarget( 0, 0, { type: HalfFloatType, samples: this.samples } );

			if ( this.generateMipmaps === true ) {

				renderTarget.texture.minFilter = LinearMipMapLinearFilter;
				renderTarget.texture.generateMipmaps = true;

			}

			if ( this.depth === true ) {

				renderTarget.depthTexture = new DepthTexture();

			}

			this.renderTargets.set( camera, renderTarget );

		}

		return renderTarget;

	}

	updateBefore( frame ) {

		if ( this.bounces === false && _inReflector ) return false;

		_inReflector = true;

		const { scene, camera, renderer, material } = frame;
		const { target } = this;

		const virtualCamera = this.getVirtualCamera( camera );
		const renderTarget = this.getRenderTarget( virtualCamera );

		renderer.getDrawingBufferSize( _size$2 );

		this._updateResolution( renderTarget, renderer );

		//

		_reflectorWorldPosition.setFromMatrixPosition( target.matrixWorld );
		_cameraWorldPosition.setFromMatrixPosition( camera.matrixWorld );

		_rotationMatrix.extractRotation( target.matrixWorld );

		_normal.set( 0, 0, 1 );
		_normal.applyMatrix4( _rotationMatrix );

		_view.subVectors( _reflectorWorldPosition, _cameraWorldPosition );

		// Avoid rendering when reflector is facing away unless forcing an update
		const isFacingAway = _view.dot( _normal ) > 0;

		let needsClear = false;

		if ( isFacingAway === true && this.forceUpdate === false ) {

			if ( this.hasOutput === false ) {

				_inReflector = false;

				return;

			}

			needsClear = true;

		}

		_view.reflect( _normal ).negate();
		_view.add( _reflectorWorldPosition );

		_rotationMatrix.extractRotation( camera.matrixWorld );

		_lookAtPosition.set( 0, 0, -1 );
		_lookAtPosition.applyMatrix4( _rotationMatrix );
		_lookAtPosition.add( _cameraWorldPosition );

		_target.subVectors( _reflectorWorldPosition, _lookAtPosition );
		_target.reflect( _normal ).negate();
		_target.add( _reflectorWorldPosition );

		//

		virtualCamera.coordinateSystem = camera.coordinateSystem;
		virtualCamera.position.copy( _view );
		virtualCamera.up.set( 0, 1, 0 );
		virtualCamera.up.applyMatrix4( _rotationMatrix );
		virtualCamera.up.reflect( _normal );
		virtualCamera.lookAt( _target );

		virtualCamera.near = camera.near;
		virtualCamera.far = camera.far;

		virtualCamera.updateMatrixWorld();
		virtualCamera.projectionMatrix.copy( camera.projectionMatrix );

		// Now update projection matrix with new clip plane, implementing code from: http://www.terathon.com/code/oblique.html
		// Paper explaining this technique: http://www.terathon.com/lengyel/Lengyel-Oblique.pdf
		_reflectorPlane.setFromNormalAndCoplanarPoint( _normal, _reflectorWorldPosition );
		_reflectorPlane.applyMatrix4( virtualCamera.matrixWorldInverse );

		clipPlane.set( _reflectorPlane.normal.x, _reflectorPlane.normal.y, _reflectorPlane.normal.z, _reflectorPlane.constant );

		const projectionMatrix = virtualCamera.projectionMatrix;

		_q.x = ( Math.sign( clipPlane.x ) + projectionMatrix.elements[ 8 ] ) / projectionMatrix.elements[ 0 ];
		_q.y = ( Math.sign( clipPlane.y ) + projectionMatrix.elements[ 9 ] ) / projectionMatrix.elements[ 5 ];
		_q.z = -1;
		_q.w = ( 1.0 + projectionMatrix.elements[ 10 ] ) / projectionMatrix.elements[ 14 ];

		// Calculate the scaled plane vector
		clipPlane.multiplyScalar( 1.0 / clipPlane.dot( _q ) );

		const clipBias = 0;

		// Replacing the third row of the projection matrix
		projectionMatrix.elements[ 2 ] = clipPlane.x;
		projectionMatrix.elements[ 6 ] = clipPlane.y;
		projectionMatrix.elements[ 10 ] = ( renderer.coordinateSystem === WebGPUCoordinateSystem ) ? ( clipPlane.z - clipBias ) : ( clipPlane.z + 1.0 - clipBias );
		projectionMatrix.elements[ 14 ] = clipPlane.w;

		//

		this.textureNode.value = renderTarget.texture;

		if ( this.depth === true ) {

			this.textureNode.getDepthNode().value = renderTarget.depthTexture;

		}

		material.visible = false;

		const currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();
		const currentMRT = renderer.getMRT();
		const currentAutoClear = renderer.autoClear;

		renderer.setMRT( null );
		renderer.setRenderTarget( renderTarget );
		renderer.autoClear = true;

		const previousName = scene.name;

		scene.name = ( scene.name || 'Scene' ) + ' [ Reflector ]'; // TODO: Add bounce index

		if ( needsClear ) {

			renderer.clear();

			this.hasOutput = false;

		} else {

			renderer.render( scene, virtualCamera );

			this.hasOutput = true;

		}

		scene.name = previousName;

		renderer.setMRT( currentMRT );
		renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );
		renderer.autoClear = currentAutoClear;

		material.visible = true;

		_inReflector = false;

		this.forceUpdate = false;

	}

	/**
	 * The resolution scale.
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @type {number}
	 * @default {1}
	 */
	get resolution() {

		warnOnce( 'ReflectorNode: The "resolution" property has been renamed to "resolutionScale".' ); // @deprecated r180

		return this.resolutionScale;

	}

	set resolution( value ) {

		warnOnce( 'ReflectorNode: The "resolution" property has been renamed to "resolutionScale".' ); // @deprecated r180

		this.resolutionScale = value;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a reflector node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Object} [parameters={}] - An object holding configuration parameters.
 * @param {Object3D} [parameters.target=new Object3D()] - The 3D object the reflector is linked to.
 * @param {number} [parameters.resolution=1] - The resolution scale.
 * @param {boolean} [parameters.generateMipmaps=false] - Whether mipmaps should be generated or not.
 * @param {boolean} [parameters.bounces=true] - Whether reflectors can render other reflector nodes or not.
 * @param {boolean} [parameters.depth=false] - Whether depth data should be generated or not.
 * @param {number} [parameters.samples] - Anti-Aliasing samples of the internal render-target.
 * @param {TextureNode} [parameters.defaultTexture] - The default texture node.
 * @param {ReflectorBaseNode} [parameters.reflector] - The reflector base node.
 * @returns {ReflectorNode}
 */
const reflector = ( parameters ) => new ReflectorNode( parameters );

const _camera = /*@__PURE__*/ new OrthographicCamera( -1, 1, 1, -1, 0, 1 );

/**
 * The purpose of this special geometry is to fill the entire viewport with a single triangle.
 *
 * Reference: {@link https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/pull/21358}
 *
 * @private
 * @augments BufferGeometry
 */
class QuadGeometry extends BufferGeometry {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new quad geometry.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [flipY=false] - Whether the uv coordinates should be flipped along the vertical axis or not.
	 */
	constructor( flipY = false ) {

		super();

		const uv = flipY === false ? [ 0, -1, 0, 1, 2, 1 ] : [ 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ];

		this.setAttribute( 'position', new Float32BufferAttribute( [ -1, 3, 0, -1, -1, 0, 3, -1, 0 ], 3 ) );
		this.setAttribute( 'uv', new Float32BufferAttribute( uv, 2 ) );

	}

}

const _geometry = /*@__PURE__*/ new QuadGeometry();

const _vertexNode = /*@__PURE__*/ vec4(
	array( [ -1, -1, 3.0 ] ).element( vertexIndex ),
	array( [ 3.0, -1, -1 ] ).element( vertexIndex ),
	0.0,
	1.0
);

/**
 * This module is a helper for passes which need to render a full
 * screen effect which is quite common in context of post processing.
 *
 * The intended usage is to reuse a single quad mesh for rendering
 * subsequent passes by just reassigning the `material` reference.
 *
 * Note: This module can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`.
 *
 * @augments Mesh
 */
class QuadMesh extends Mesh {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new quad mesh.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeMaterial} material - The material to render the quad mesh with.
	 */
	constructor( material ) {

		super( _geometry, material );

		/**
		 * The camera to render the quad mesh with.
		 *
		 * @type {OrthographicCamera}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.camera = _camera;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isQuadMesh = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of `render()`.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the render has been finished.
	 */
	async renderAsync( renderer ) {

		warnOnce( 'QuadMesh: "renderAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "render()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await renderer.init();

		renderer.render( this, _camera );

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the quad mesh
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 */
	render( renderer ) {

		const previousVertexNode = this.material.vertexNode;

		this.material.vertexNode = _vertexNode;

		renderer.render( this, _camera );

		this.material.vertexNode = previousVertexNode;

	}

}

const _size$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector2();

/**
 * `RTTNode` takes another node and uses it with a `QuadMesh` to render into a texture (RTT).
 * This module is especially relevant in context of post processing where certain nodes require
 * texture input for their effects. With the helper function `convertToTexture()` which is based
 * on this module, the node system can automatically ensure texture input if required.
 *
 * @augments TextureNode
 */
class RTTNode extends TextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'RTTNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new RTT node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to render a texture with.
	 * @param {?number} [width=null] - The width of the internal render target. If not width is applied, the render target is automatically resized.
	 * @param {?number} [height=null] - The height of the internal render target.
	 * @param {Object} [options={type:HalfFloatType}] - The options for the internal render target.
	 */
	constructor( node, width = null, height = null, options = { type: HalfFloatType } ) {

		const renderTarget = new RenderTarget( width, height, options );

		super( renderTarget.texture, uv$1() );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isRTTNode = true;

		/**
		 * The node to render a texture with.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.node = node;

		/**
		 * The width of the internal render target.
		 * If not width is applied, the render target is automatically resized.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.width = width;

		/**
		 * The height of the internal render target.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.height = height;

		/**
		 * The render target
		 *
		 * @type {RenderTarget}
		 */
		this.renderTarget = renderTarget;

		/**
		 * Whether the texture requires an update or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.textureNeedsUpdate = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the texture should automatically be updated or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.autoUpdate = true;

		/**
		 * The resolution scale
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._resolutionScale = 1;

		/**
		 * The node which is used with the quad mesh for RTT.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._rttNode = null;

		/**
		 * The internal quad mesh for RTT.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {QuadMesh}
		 */
		this._quadMesh = new QuadMesh( new NodeMaterial() );

		/**
		 * The `updateBeforeType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.RENDER` since the node updates
		 * the texture once per render in its {@link RTTNode#updateBefore} method.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the internal render target should automatically be resized or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @readonly
	 * @default true
	 */
	get autoResize() {

		return this.width === null;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		this._rttNode = this.node.context( builder.getSharedContext() );
		this._quadMesh.material.name = 'RTT';
		this._quadMesh.material.needsUpdate = true;

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the size of the internal render target
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width to set.
	 * @param {number} height - The width to set.
	 */
	setSize( width, height ) {

		const effectiveWidth = Math.floor( width * this._resolutionScale );
		const effectiveHeight = Math.floor( height * this._resolutionScale );

		this.renderTarget.setSize( effectiveWidth, effectiveHeight );

		this.textureNeedsUpdate = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the resolution scale.
	 * The resolution scale is a factor that is multiplied with the renderer's width and height.
	 *
	 * @param {number} resolutionScale - The resolution scale to set. A value of `1` means full resolution.
	 * @returns {RTTNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setResolutionScale( resolutionScale ) {

		this._resolutionScale = resolutionScale;

		if ( this.autoResize === false ) {

			this.setSize( this.width, this.height );

		}

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the resolution scale.
	 *
	 * @returns {number} The resolution scale.
	 */
	getResolutionScale() {

		return this._resolutionScale;

	}

	updateBefore( { renderer } ) {

		if ( this.textureNeedsUpdate === false && this.autoUpdate === false ) return;

		this.textureNeedsUpdate = false;

		//

		const currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();

		if ( this.autoResize === true ) {

			const size = renderer.getDrawingBufferSize( _size$1 );

			const effectiveWidth = Math.floor( size.width * this._resolutionScale );
			const effectiveHeight = Math.floor( size.height * this._resolutionScale );

			if ( effectiveWidth !== this.renderTarget.width || effectiveHeight !== this.renderTarget.height ) {

				this.renderTarget.setSize( effectiveWidth, effectiveHeight );

				this.textureNeedsUpdate = true;

			}

		}

		//

		let name = 'RTT';

		if ( this.node.name ) {

			name = this.node.name + ' [ ' + name + ' ]';

		}


		this._quadMesh.material.fragmentNode = this._rttNode;
		this._quadMesh.name = name;

		//

		renderer.setRenderTarget( this.renderTarget );

		this._quadMesh.render( renderer );

		renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );

	}

	clone() {

		const newNode = new TextureNode( this.value, this.uvNode, this.levelNode );
		newNode.sampler = this.sampler;
		newNode.referenceNode = this;

		return newNode;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a RTT node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node to render a texture with.
 * @param {?number} [width=null] - The width of the internal render target. If not width is applied, the render target is automatically resized.
 * @param {?number} [height=null] - The height of the internal render target.
 * @param {Object} [options={type:HalfFloatType}] - The options for the internal render target.
 * @returns {RTTNode}
 */
const rtt = ( node, ...params ) => new RTTNode( nodeObject( node ), ...params );

/**
 * TSL function for converting nodes to textures nodes.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} node - The node to render a texture with.
 * @param {?number} [width=null] - The width of the internal render target. If not width is applied, the render target is automatically resized.
 * @param {?number} [height=null] - The height of the internal render target.
 * @param {Object} [options={type:HalfFloatType}] - The options for the internal render target.
 * @returns {RTTNode}
 */
const convertToTexture = ( node, ...params ) => {

	if ( node.isSampleNode || node.isTextureNode ) return node;
	if ( node.isPassNode ) return node.getTextureNode();

	return rtt( node, ...params );

};

/**
 * Computes a position in view space based on a fragment's screen position expressed as uv coordinates, the fragments
 * depth value and the camera's inverse projection matrix.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} screenPosition - The fragment's screen position expressed as uv coordinates.
 * @param {Node<float>} depth - The fragment's depth value.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} projectionMatrixInverse - The camera's inverse projection matrix.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The fragments position in view space.
 */
const getViewPosition = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ screenPosition, depth, projectionMatrixInverse ], builder ) => {

	let clipSpacePosition;

	if ( builder.renderer.coordinateSystem === WebGPUCoordinateSystem ) {

		screenPosition = vec2( screenPosition.x, screenPosition.y.oneMinus() ).mul( 2.0 ).sub( 1.0 );
		clipSpacePosition = vec4( vec3( screenPosition, depth ), 1.0 );

	} else {

		clipSpacePosition = vec4( vec3( screenPosition.x, screenPosition.y.oneMinus(), depth ).mul( 2.0 ).sub( 1.0 ), 1.0 );

	}

	const viewSpacePosition = vec4( projectionMatrixInverse.mul( clipSpacePosition ) );

	return viewSpacePosition.xyz.div( viewSpacePosition.w );

} );

/**
 * Computes a screen position expressed as uv coordinates based on a fragment's position in view space
 * and the camera's projection matrix
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} viewPosition - The fragments position in view space.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} projectionMatrix - The camera's projection matrix.
 * @return {Node<vec2>} The fragment's screen position expressed as uv coordinates.
 */
const getScreenPosition = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ viewPosition, projectionMatrix ] ) => {

	const sampleClipPos = projectionMatrix.mul( vec4( viewPosition, 1.0 ) );
	const sampleUv = sampleClipPos.xy.div( sampleClipPos.w ).mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 ).toVar();
	return vec2( sampleUv.x, sampleUv.y.oneMinus() );

} );

/**
 * Converts a clip-space position into a screen position expressed as uv coordinates.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec4>} clipPosition - The position in clip space.
 * @return {Node<vec2>} The screen position expressed as uv coordinates.
 */
const getScreenPositionFromClip = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ clipPosition ] ) => {

	const screen = clipPosition.xy.div( clipPosition.w ).mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 ).toVar();
	return vec2( screen.x, screen.y.oneMinus() );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'getScreenPositionFromClip',
	type: 'vec2',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'clipPosition', type: 'vec4' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Computes a normal vector based on depth data. Can be used as a fallback when no normal render
 * target is available or if flat surface normals are required.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} uv - The texture coordinate.
 * @param {DepthTexture} depthTexture - The depth texture.
 * @param {Node<mat4>} projectionMatrixInverse - The camera's inverse projection matrix.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The computed normal vector.
 */
const getNormalFromDepth = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ uv, depthTexture, projectionMatrixInverse ] ) => {

	const size = textureSize( textureLoad( depthTexture ) );
	const p = ivec2( uv.mul( size ) ).toVar();

	const c0 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p ).toVar();

	const l2 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.sub( ivec2( 2, 0 ) ) ).toVar();
	const l1 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.sub( ivec2( 1, 0 ) ) ).toVar();
	const r1 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.add( ivec2( 1, 0 ) ) ).toVar();
	const r2 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.add( ivec2( 2, 0 ) ) ).toVar();
	const b2 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.add( ivec2( 0, 2 ) ) ).toVar();
	const b1 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.add( ivec2( 0, 1 ) ) ).toVar();
	const t1 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.sub( ivec2( 0, 1 ) ) ).toVar();
	const t2 = textureLoad( depthTexture, p.sub( ivec2( 0, 2 ) ) ).toVar();

	const dl = abs( sub( float( 2 ).mul( l1 ).sub( l2 ), c0 ) ).toVar();
	const dr = abs( sub( float( 2 ).mul( r1 ).sub( r2 ), c0 ) ).toVar();
	const db = abs( sub( float( 2 ).mul( b1 ).sub( b2 ), c0 ) ).toVar();
	const dt = abs( sub( float( 2 ).mul( t1 ).sub( t2 ), c0 ) ).toVar();

	const ce = getViewPosition( uv, c0, projectionMatrixInverse ).toVar();

	const dpdx = dl.lessThan( dr ).select( ce.sub( getViewPosition( uv.sub( vec2( float( 1 ).div( size.x ), 0 ) ), l1, projectionMatrixInverse ) ), ce.negate().add( getViewPosition( uv.add( vec2( float( 1 ).div( size.x ), 0 ) ), r1, projectionMatrixInverse ) ) );
	const dpdy = db.lessThan( dt ).select( ce.sub( getViewPosition( uv.add( vec2( 0, float( 1 ).div( size.y ) ) ), b1, projectionMatrixInverse ) ), ce.negate().add( getViewPosition( uv.sub( vec2( 0, float( 1 ).div( size.y ) ) ), t1, projectionMatrixInverse ) ) );

	return normalize( cross( dpdx, dpdy ) );

} );

/**
 * Interleaved Gradient Noise (IGN) from Jimenez 2014.
 *
 * IGN has "low discrepancy" resulting in evenly distributed samples. It's superior compared to
 * default white noise, blue noise or Bayer.
 *
 * References:
 * - {@link https://www.iryoku.com/next-generation-post-processing-in-call-of-duty-advanced-warfare/}
 * - {@link https://blog.demofox.org/2022/01/01/interleaved-gradient-noise-a-different-kind-of-low-discrepancy-sequence/}
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} position - The input position, usually screen coordinates.
 * @return {Node<float>} The noise value.
 */
const interleavedGradientNoise = Fn( ( [ position ] ) => {

	return fract( float( 52.9829189 ).mul( fract( dot( position, vec2( 0.06711056, 0.00583715 ) ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'interleavedGradientNoise',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'position', type: 'vec2' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Vogel disk sampling for uniform circular distribution.
 *
 * This function generates sample points distributed uniformly on a disk using the golden angle,
 * resulting in an efficient low-discrepancy sequence for sampling. The rotation parameter (phi)
 * allows randomizing the pattern per-pixel when combined with IGN.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<int>} sampleIndex - The index of the current sample (0-based).
 * @param {Node<int>} samplesCount - The total number of samples.
 * @param {Node<float>} phi - Rotation angle in radians (typically from IGN * 2π).
 * @return {Node<vec2>} A 2D point on the unit disk.
 */
const vogelDiskSample = Fn( ( [ sampleIndex, samplesCount, phi ] ) => {

	const goldenAngle = float( 2.399963229728653 ); // 2π * (2 - φ) where φ is golden ratio
	const r = sqrt( float( sampleIndex ).add( 0.5 ).div( float( samplesCount ) ) );
	const theta = float( sampleIndex ).mul( goldenAngle ).add( phi );
	return vec2( cos( theta ), sin( theta ) ).mul( r );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'vogelDiskSample',
	type: 'vec2',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'sampleIndex', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'samplesCount', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'phi', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Class representing a node that samples a value using a provided callback function.
 *
 * @extends Node
 */
class SampleNode extends Node {

	/**
	 * Returns the type of the node.
	 *
	 * @type {string}
	 * @readonly
	 * @static
	 */
	static get type() {

		return 'SampleNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Creates an instance of SampleNode.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} callback - The function to be called when sampling. Should accept a UV node and return a value.
	 * @param {?Node<vec2>} [uvNode=null] - The UV node to be used in the texture sampling.
	 */
	constructor( callback, uvNode = null ) {

		super();

		this.callback = callback;

		/**
		 * Represents the texture coordinates.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node<vec2|vec3>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.uvNode = uvNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSampleNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets up the node by sampling with the default UV accessor.
	 *
	 * @returns {Node} The result of the callback function when called with the UV node.
	 */
	setup() {

		return this.sample( uv$1() );

	}

	/**
	 * Calls the callback function with the provided UV node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<vec2>} uv - The UV node or value to be passed to the callback.
	 * @returns {Node} The result of the callback function.
	 */
	sample( uv ) {

		return this.callback( uv );

	}

}

/**
 * Helper function to create a SampleNode wrapped as a node object.
 *
 * @function
 * @param {Function} callback - The function to be called when sampling. Should accept a UV node and return a value.
 * @param {?Node<vec2>} [uv=null] - The UV node to be used in the texture sampling.
 * @returns {SampleNode} The created SampleNode instance wrapped as a node object.
 */
const sample = ( callback, uv = null ) => new SampleNode( callback, nodeObject( uv ) );

/**
 * This special type of instanced buffer attribute is intended for compute shaders.
 * In earlier three.js versions it was only possible to update attribute data
 * on the CPU via JavaScript and then upload the data to the GPU. With the
 * new material system and renderer it is now possible to use compute shaders
 * to compute the data for an attribute more efficiently on the GPU.
 *
 * The idea is to create an instance of this class and provide it as an input
 * to {@link StorageBufferNode}.
 *
 * Note: This type of buffer attribute can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`.
 *
 * @augments InstancedBufferAttribute
 */
class StorageInstancedBufferAttribute extends InstancedBufferAttribute {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage instanced buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {number|TypedArray} count - The item count. It is also valid to pass a typed array as an argument.
	 * The subsequent parameters are then obsolete.
	 * @param {number} itemSize - The item size.
	 * @param {TypedArray.constructor} [typeClass=Float32Array] - A typed array constructor.
	 */
	constructor( count, itemSize, typeClass = Float32Array ) {

		const array = ArrayBuffer.isView( count ) ? count : new typeClass( count * itemSize );

		super( array, itemSize );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute = true;

	}

}

/**
 * This special type of buffer attribute is intended for compute shaders.
 * In earlier three.js versions it was only possible to update attribute data
 * on the CPU via JavaScript and then upload the data to the GPU. With the
 * new material system and renderer it is now possible to use compute shaders
 * to compute the data for an attribute more efficiently on the GPU.
 *
 * The idea is to create an instance of this class and provide it as an input
 * to {@link StorageBufferNode}.
 *
 * Note: This type of buffer attribute can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`.
 *
 * @augments BufferAttribute
 */
class StorageBufferAttribute extends BufferAttribute {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {number|TypedArray} count - The item count. It is also valid to pass a typed array as an argument.
	 * The subsequent parameters are then obsolete.
	 * @param {number} itemSize - The item size.
	 * @param {TypedArray.constructor} [typeClass=Float32Array] - A typed array constructor.
	 */
	constructor( count, itemSize, typeClass = Float32Array ) {

		const array = ArrayBuffer.isView( count ) ? count : new typeClass( count * itemSize );

		super( array, itemSize );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageBufferAttribute = true;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a storage buffer node with a configured `StorageBufferAttribute`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {number|TypedArray} count - The data count. It is also valid to pass a typed array as an argument.
 * @param {string|Struct} [type='float'] - The data type.
 * @returns {StorageBufferNode}
 */
const attributeArray = ( count, type = 'float' ) => {

	let itemSize, typedArray;

	if ( type.isStructTypeNode === true ) {

		itemSize = type.getLength();
		typedArray = getTypedArrayFromType( 'float' );

	} else {

		itemSize = getLengthFromType( type );
		typedArray = getTypedArrayFromType( type );

	}

	const buffer = new StorageBufferAttribute( count, itemSize, typedArray );
	const node = storage( buffer, type, count );

	return node;

};

/**
 * TSL function for creating a storage buffer node with a configured `StorageInstancedBufferAttribute`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {number|TypedArray} count - The data count. It is also valid to pass a typed array as an argument.
 * @param {string|Struct} [type='float'] - The data type.
 * @returns {StorageBufferNode}
 */
const instancedArray = ( count, type = 'float' ) => {

	let itemSize, typedArray;

	if ( type.isStructTypeNode === true ) {

		itemSize = type.getLength();
		typedArray = getTypedArrayFromType( 'float' );

	} else {

		itemSize = getLengthFromType( type );
		typedArray = getTypedArrayFromType( type );

	}

	const buffer = new StorageInstancedBufferAttribute( count, itemSize, typedArray );
	const node = storage( buffer, type, buffer.count );

	return node;

};

/**
 * A node for representing the uv coordinates of points.
 *
 * Can only be used with a WebGL backend. In WebGPU, point
 * primitives always have the size of one pixel and can thus
 * can't be used as sprite-like objects that display textures.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class PointUVNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'PointUVNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new point uv node.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super( 'vec2' );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isPointUVNode = true;

	}

	generate( /*builder*/ ) {

		return 'vec2( gl_PointCoord.x, 1.0 - gl_PointCoord.y )';

	}

}

/**
 * TSL object that represents the uv coordinates of points.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {PointUVNode}
 */
const pointUV = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( PointUVNode );

const _m1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();

/**
 * TSL object that represents the scene's background blurriness.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const backgroundBlurriness = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { scene } ) => scene.backgroundBlurriness );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the scene's background intensity.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<float>}
 */
const backgroundIntensity = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 1 ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { scene } ) => scene.backgroundIntensity );

/**
 * TSL object that represents the scene's background rotation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<mat4>}
 */
const backgroundRotation = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( new Matrix4() ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { scene } ) => {

	const background = scene.background;

	if ( ( background !== null && background.isTexture && background.mapping !== UVMapping ) || ( scene.backgroundNode && scene.backgroundNode.isNode ) ) {

		// note: since the matrix is orthonormal, we can use the more-efficient transpose() in lieu of invert()
		_m1.makeRotationFromEuler( scene.backgroundRotation ).transpose();

	} else {

		_m1.identity();

	}

	return _m1;

} );

/**
 * This special version of a texture node can be used to
 * write data into a storage texture with a compute shader.
 *
 * ```js
 * const storageTexture = new THREE.StorageTexture( width, height );
 *
 * const computeTexture = Fn( ( { storageTexture } ) => {
 *
 * 	const posX = instanceIndex.mod( width );
 * 	const posY = instanceIndex.div( width );
 * 	const indexUV = uvec2( posX, posY );
 *
 * 	// generate RGB values
 *
 * 	const r = 1;
 * 	const g = 1;
 * 	const b = 1;
 *
 * 	textureStore( storageTexture, indexUV, vec4( r, g, b, 1 ) ).toWriteOnly();
 *
 * } );
 *
 * const computeNode = computeTexture( { storageTexture } ).compute( width * height );
 * renderer.computeAsync( computeNode );
 * ```
 *
 * This node can only be used with a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments TextureNode
 */
class StorageTextureNode extends TextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'StorageTextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageTexture} value - The storage texture.
	 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3>} uvNode - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node} [storeNode=null] - The value node that should be stored in the texture.
	 */
	constructor( value, uvNode, storeNode = null ) {

		super( value, uvNode );

		/**
		 * The value node that should be stored in the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.storeNode = storeNode;

		/**
		 * The mip level to write to for storage textures.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.mipLevel = 0;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageTextureNode = true;

		/**
		 * The access type of the texture node.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'writeOnly'
		 */
		this.access = NodeAccess.WRITE_ONLY;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return a fixed value `'storageTexture'`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return 'storageTexture';

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation since storage texture
	 * coordinates are texel coordinates and should not be transformed
	 * by the texture uv matrix.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node.
	 * @return {Node} The unmodified uv node.
	 */
	getTransformedUV( uvNode ) {

		return uvNode;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		super.setup( builder );

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		properties.storeNode = this.storeNode;

		return properties;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the node access.
	 *
	 * @param {string} value - The node access.
	 * @return {StorageTextureNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setAccess( value ) {

		this.access = value;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the mip level to write to.
	 *
	 * @param {number} level - The mip level.
	 * @return {StorageTextureNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setMipLevel( level ) {

		this.mipLevel = level;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the code snippet of the storage node. If no `storeNode`
	 * is defined, the texture node is generated as normal texture.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} output - The current output.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generate( builder, output ) {

		if ( this.storeNode !== null ) {

			this.generateStore( builder );
			return '';

		}

		return super.generate( builder, output );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the snippet for the storage texture.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The texture property.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - The uv snippet.
	 * @param {?string} levelSnippet - The level snippet.
	 * @param {?string} biasSnippet - The bias snippet.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - The depth snippet.
	 * @param {?string} compareSnippet - The compare snippet.
	 * @param {?Array<string>} gradSnippet - The grad snippet.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - The offset snippet.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateSnippet( builder, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, biasSnippet, depthSnippet, compareSnippet, gradSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		const texture = this.value;

		return builder.generateStorageTextureLoad( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet );

	}

	/**
	 * Convenience method for configuring a read/write node access.
	 *
	 * @return {StorageTextureNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	toReadWrite() {

		return this.setAccess( NodeAccess.READ_WRITE );

	}

	/**
	 * Convenience method for configuring a read-only node access.
	 *
	 * @return {StorageTextureNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	toReadOnly() {

		return this.setAccess( NodeAccess.READ_ONLY );

	}

	/**
	 * Convenience method for configuring a write-only node access.
	 *
	 * @return {StorageTextureNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	toWriteOnly() {

		return this.setAccess( NodeAccess.WRITE_ONLY );

	}

	/**
	 * Stores a value in this storage texture at the given coordinates.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3>} uvNode - The storage texture coordinates.
	 * @param {?Node} [storeNode=null] - The value node that should be stored in the texture.
	 * @return {StorageTextureNode} A storage texture node representing the store operation.
	 */
	store( uvNode, storeNode ) {

		const node = this.clone();

		node.referenceNode = this.getBase();
		node.uvNode = uvNode;
		node.storeNode = storeNode;

		if ( storeNode !== null ) node.toStack();

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the code snippet of the storage texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	generateStore( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		const { uvNode, storeNode, depthNode } = properties;

		const textureProperty = super.generate( builder, 'property' );
		const uvSnippet = uvNode.build( builder, this.value.is3DTexture === true ? 'uvec3' : 'uvec2' );
		const storeSnippet = storeNode.build( builder, 'vec4' );
		const depthSnippet = depthNode ? depthNode.build( builder, 'int' ) : null;

		const snippet = builder.generateTextureStore( this.value, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, storeSnippet );

		builder.addLineFlowCode( snippet, this );

	}

	clone() {

		const newNode = super.clone();
		newNode.storeNode = this.storeNode;
		newNode.mipLevel = this.mipLevel;
		newNode.access = this.access;
		return newNode;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a storage texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {StorageTexture} value - The storage texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec2|vec3>} uvNode - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [storeNode=null] - The value node that should be stored in the texture.
 * @returns {StorageTextureNode}
 */
const storageTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( StorageTextureNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 3 );


/**
 * TODO: Explain difference to `storageTexture()`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {StorageTexture|StorageTextureNode} value - The storage texture.
 * @param {Node<vec2|vec3>} uvNode - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [storeNode=null] - The value node that should be stored in the texture.
 * @returns {StorageTextureNode}
 */
const textureStore = ( value, uvNode, storeNode ) => {

	let node;

	if ( value.isStorageTextureNode === true ) {

		node = value.store( uvNode, storeNode );

	} else {

		node = storageTexture( value, uvNode, storeNode );

		if ( storeNode !== null ) node.toStack();

	}

	return node;

};

/**
 * This special version of a texture node can be used to
 * write data into a 3D storage texture with a compute shader.
 *
 * @augments StorageTextureNode
 */
class StorageTexture3DNode extends StorageTextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'StorageTexture3DNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new 3D storage texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {Storage3DTexture} value - The 3D storage texture.
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} uvNode - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node} [storeNode=null] - The value node that should be stored in the texture.
	 */
	constructor( value, uvNode, storeNode = null ) {

		super( value, uvNode, storeNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageTexture3DNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a default uv node which is in context of 3D textures a three-dimensional
	 * uv node.
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The default uv node.
	 */
	getDefaultUV() {

		return vec3( 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten with an empty implementation since the `updateMatrix` flag is ignored
	 * for 3D textures. The uv transformation matrix is not applied to 3D textures.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The update toggle.
	 */
	setUpdateMatrix( /*value*/ ) { } // Ignore .updateMatrix for 3d TextureNode

	/**
	 * Generates the uv code snippet.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node to generate code for.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateUV( builder, uvNode ) {

		return uvNode.build( builder, this.sampler === true ? 'vec3' : 'ivec3' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the offset code snippet.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} offsetNode - The offset node to generate code for.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateOffset( builder, offsetNode ) {

		return offsetNode.build( builder, 'ivec3' );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a 3D storage texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Storage3DTexture} value - The 3D storage texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [storeNode=null] - The value node that should be stored in the texture.
 * @returns {StorageTexture3DNode}
 */
const storageTexture3D = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( StorageTexture3DNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 3 );

const normal = Fn( ( { texture, uv } ) => {

	const epsilon = 0.0001;

	const ret = vec3().toVar();

	If( uv.x.lessThan( epsilon ), () => {

		ret.assign( vec3( 1, 0, 0 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( uv.y.lessThan( epsilon ), () => {

		ret.assign( vec3( 0, 1, 0 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( uv.z.lessThan( epsilon ), () => {

		ret.assign( vec3( 0, 0, 1 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( uv.x.greaterThan( 1 - epsilon ), () => {

		ret.assign( vec3( -1, 0, 0 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( uv.y.greaterThan( 1 - epsilon ), () => {

		ret.assign( vec3( 0, -1, 0 ) );

	} ).ElseIf( uv.z.greaterThan( 1 - epsilon ), () => {

		ret.assign( vec3( 0, 0, -1 ) );

	} ).Else( () => {

		const step = 0.01;

		const x = texture.sample( uv.add( vec3( - step, 0.0, 0.0 ) ) ).r.sub( texture.sample( uv.add( vec3( step, 0.0, 0.0 ) ) ).r );
		const y = texture.sample( uv.add( vec3( 0.0, - step, 0.0 ) ) ).r.sub( texture.sample( uv.add( vec3( 0.0, step, 0.0 ) ) ).r );
		const z = texture.sample( uv.add( vec3( 0.0, 0.0, - step ) ) ).r.sub( texture.sample( uv.add( vec3( 0.0, 0.0, step ) ) ).r );

		ret.assign( vec3( x, y, z ) );

	} );

	return ret.normalize();

} );

/**
 * This type of uniform node represents a 3D texture.
 *
 * @augments TextureNode
 */
class Texture3DNode extends TextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'Texture3DNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new 3D texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {Data3DTexture} value - The 3D texture.
	 * @param {?Node<vec2|vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
	 */
	constructor( value, uvNode = null, levelNode = null ) {

		super( value, uvNode, levelNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isTexture3DNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return a fixed value `'texture3D'`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return 'texture3D';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a default uv node which is in context of 3D textures a three-dimensional
	 * uv node.
	 *
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The default uv node.
	 */
	getDefaultUV() {

		return vec3( 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten with an empty implementation since the `updateMatrix` flag is ignored
	 * for 3D textures. The uv transformation matrix is not applied to 3D textures.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - The update toggle.
	 */
	setUpdateMatrix( /*value*/ ) { } // Ignore .updateMatrix for 3d TextureNode

	/**
	 * Generates the uv code snippet.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} uvNode - The uv node to generate code for.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateUV( builder, uvNode ) {

		return uvNode.build( builder, this.sampler === true ? 'vec3' : 'ivec3' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the offset code snippet.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {Node} offsetNode - The offset node to generate code for.
	 * @return {string} The generated code snippet.
	 */
	generateOffset( builder, offsetNode ) {

		return offsetNode.build( builder, 'ivec3' );

	}

	/**
	 * Computes the normal for the given uv. These texture coordiantes represent a
	 * position inside the 3D texture. Unlike geometric normals, this normal
	 * represents a slope or gradient of scalar data inside the 3D texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} uvNode - The uv node that defines a position in the 3D texture.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The normal representing the slope/gradient in the data.
	 */
	normal( uvNode ) {

		return normal( { texture: this, uv: uvNode } );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a 3D texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Data3DTexture} value - The 3D texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @returns {Texture3DNode}
 */
const texture3D = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( Texture3DNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 3 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a texture node that fetches/loads texels without interpolation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?(Texture|TextureNode)} [value=EmptyTexture] - The texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @param {?Node<float>} [biasNode=null] - The bias node.
 * @returns {TextureNode}
 */
const texture3DLoad = ( ...params ) => texture3D( ...params ).setSampler( false );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a texture node that fetches/loads texels without interpolation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?(Texture|TextureNode)} [value=EmptyTexture] - The texture.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} [uvNode=null] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node<int>} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @returns {TextureNode}
 */
const texture3DLevel = ( value, uvNode, levelNode ) => texture3D( value, uvNode ).level( levelNode );

/**
 * A special type of reference node that allows to link values in
 * `userData` fields to node objects.
 * ```js
 * sprite.userData.rotation = 1; // stores individual rotation per sprite
 *
 * const material = new THREE.SpriteNodeMaterial();
 * material.rotationNode = userData( 'rotation', 'float' );
 * ```
 * Since `UserDataNode` is extended from {@link ReferenceNode}, the node value
 * will automatically be updated when the `rotation` user data field changes.
 *
 * @augments ReferenceNode
 */
class UserDataNode extends ReferenceNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'UserDataNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new user data node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} property - The property name that should be referenced by the node.
	 * @param {string} inputType - The node data type of the reference.
	 * @param {?Object} [userData=null] - A reference to the `userData` object. If not provided, the `userData` property of the 3D object that uses the node material is evaluated.
	 */
	constructor( property, inputType, userData = null ) {

		super( property, inputType, userData );

		/**
		 * A reference to the `userData` object. If not provided, the `userData`
		 * property of the 3D object that uses the node material is evaluated.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.userData = userData;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to make sure {@link ReferenceNode#reference} points to the correct
	 * `userData` field.
	 *
	 * @param {(NodeFrame|NodeBuilder)} state - The current state to evaluate.
	 * @return {Object} A reference to the `userData` field.
	 */
	updateReference( state ) {

		this.reference = this.userData !== null ? this.userData : state.object.userData;

		return this.reference;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a user data node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The property name that should be referenced by the node.
 * @param {string} inputType - The node data type of the reference.
 * @param {?Object} userData - A reference to the `userData` object. If not provided, the `userData` property of the 3D object that uses the node material is evaluated.
 * @returns {UserDataNode}
 */
const userData = ( name, inputType, userData ) => new UserDataNode( name, inputType, userData );

const _objectData = new WeakMap();

/**
 * A node for representing motion or velocity vectors. Foundation
 * for advanced post processing effects like motion blur or TRAA.
 *
 * The node keeps track of the model, view and projection matrices
 * of the previous frame and uses them to compute offsets in NDC space.
 * These offsets represent the final velocity.
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class VelocityNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'VelocityNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new vertex color node.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super( 'vec2' );

		/**
		 * The current projection matrix.
		 *
		 * @type {?Matrix4}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.projectionMatrix = null;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since velocity nodes are updated per object.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'object'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since velocity nodes save data after the update.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'object'
		 */
		this.updateAfterType = NodeUpdateType.OBJECT;

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the previous model matrix in world space.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.previousModelWorldMatrix = uniform( new Matrix4() );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the previous projection matrix.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.previousProjectionMatrix = uniform( new Matrix4() ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the previous view matrix.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<mat4>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.previousCameraViewMatrix = uniform( new Matrix4() );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the given projection matrix.
	 *
	 * @param {Matrix4} projectionMatrix - The projection matrix to set.
	 */
	setProjectionMatrix( projectionMatrix ) {

		this.projectionMatrix = projectionMatrix;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates velocity specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( { frameId, camera, object } ) {

		const previousModelMatrix = getPreviousMatrix( object );

		this.previousModelWorldMatrix.value.copy( previousModelMatrix );

		//

		const cameraData = getData( camera );

		if ( cameraData.frameId !== frameId ) {

			cameraData.frameId = frameId;

			if ( cameraData.previousProjectionMatrix === undefined ) {

				cameraData.previousProjectionMatrix = new Matrix4();
				cameraData.previousCameraViewMatrix = new Matrix4();

				cameraData.currentProjectionMatrix = new Matrix4();
				cameraData.currentCameraViewMatrix = new Matrix4();

				cameraData.previousProjectionMatrix.copy( this.projectionMatrix || camera.projectionMatrix );
				cameraData.previousCameraViewMatrix.copy( camera.matrixWorldInverse );

			} else {

				cameraData.previousProjectionMatrix.copy( cameraData.currentProjectionMatrix );
				cameraData.previousCameraViewMatrix.copy( cameraData.currentCameraViewMatrix );

			}

			cameraData.currentProjectionMatrix.copy( this.projectionMatrix || camera.projectionMatrix );
			cameraData.currentCameraViewMatrix.copy( camera.matrixWorldInverse );

			this.previousProjectionMatrix.value.copy( cameraData.previousProjectionMatrix );
			this.previousCameraViewMatrix.value.copy( cameraData.previousCameraViewMatrix );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to updated velocity specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	updateAfter( { object } ) {

		getPreviousMatrix( object ).copy( object.matrixWorld );

	}

	/**
	 * Implements the velocity computation based on the previous and current vertex data.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec2>} The motion vector.
	 */
	setup( /*builder*/ ) {

		const projectionMatrix = ( this.projectionMatrix === null ) ? cameraProjectionMatrix : uniform( this.projectionMatrix );

		const previousModelViewMatrix = this.previousCameraViewMatrix.mul( this.previousModelWorldMatrix );

		const clipPositionCurrent = projectionMatrix.mul( modelViewMatrix ).mul( positionLocal );
		const clipPositionPrevious = this.previousProjectionMatrix.mul( previousModelViewMatrix ).mul( positionPrevious );

		const ndcPositionCurrent = clipPositionCurrent.xy.div( clipPositionCurrent.w );
		const ndcPositionPrevious = clipPositionPrevious.xy.div( clipPositionPrevious.w );

		const velocity = sub( ndcPositionCurrent, ndcPositionPrevious );

		return velocity;

	}

}

function getData( object ) {

	let objectData = _objectData.get( object );

	if ( objectData === undefined ) {

		objectData = {};
		_objectData.set( object, objectData );

	}

	return objectData;

}

function getPreviousMatrix( object, index = 0 ) {

	const objectData = getData( object );

	let matrix = objectData[ index ];

	if ( matrix === undefined ) {

		objectData[ index ] = matrix = new Matrix4();
		objectData[ index ].copy( object.matrixWorld );

	}

	return matrix;

}

/**
 * TSL object that represents the velocity of a render pass.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {VelocityNode}
 */
const velocity = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( VelocityNode );

/**
 * Represents a "Color Burn" blend mode.
 *
 * It's designed to darken the base layer's colors based on the color of the blend layer.
 * It significantly increases the contrast of the base layer, making the colors more vibrant and saturated.
 * The darker the color in the blend layer, the stronger the darkening and contrast effect on the base layer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} base - The base color.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} blend - The blend color. A white (#ffffff) blend color does not alter the base color.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The result.
 */
const blendBurn = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ base, blend ] ) => {

	return min$1( 1.0, base.oneMinus().div( blend ) ).oneMinus();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'blendBurn',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'base', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'blend', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Represents a "Color Dodge" blend mode.
 *
 * It's designed to lighten the base layer's colors based on the color of the blend layer.
 * It significantly increases the brightness of the base layer, making the colors lighter and more vibrant.
 * The brighter the color in the blend layer, the stronger the lightening and contrast effect on the base layer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} base - The base color.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} blend - The blend color. A black (#000000) blend color does not alter the base color.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The result.
 */
const blendDodge = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ base, blend ] ) => {

	return min$1( base.div( blend.oneMinus() ), 1.0 );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'blendDodge',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'base', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'blend', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Represents a "Screen" blend mode.
 *
 * Similar to `blendDodge()`, this mode also lightens the base layer's colors based on the color of the blend layer.
 * The "Screen" blend mode is better for general brightening whereas the "Dodge" results in more subtle and nuanced
 * effects.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} base - The base color.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} blend - The blend color. A black (#000000) blend color does not alter the base color.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The result.
 */
const blendScreen = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ base, blend ] ) => {

	return base.oneMinus().mul( blend.oneMinus() ).oneMinus();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'blendScreen',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'base', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'blend', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Represents a "Overlay" blend mode.
 *
 * It's designed to increase the contrast of the base layer based on the color of the blend layer.
 * It amplifies the existing colors and contrast in the base layer, making lighter areas lighter and darker areas darker.
 * The color of the blend layer significantly influences the resulting contrast and color shift in the base layer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} base - The base color.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} blend - The blend color
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The result.
 */
const blendOverlay = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ base, blend ] ) => {

	return mix( base.mul( 2.0 ).mul( blend ), base.oneMinus().mul( 2.0 ).mul( blend.oneMinus() ).oneMinus(), step( 0.5, base ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'blendOverlay',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'base', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'blend', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

/**
 * This function blends two color based on their alpha values by replicating the behavior of `THREE.NormalBlending`.
 * It assumes both input colors have non-premultiplied alpha.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec4>} base - The base color.
 * @param {Node<vec4>} blend - The blend color
 * @return {Node<vec4>} The result.
 */
const blendColor = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ base, blend ] ) => {

	const outAlpha = blend.a.add( base.a.mul( blend.a.oneMinus() ) );

	return vec4( blend.rgb.mul( blend.a ).add( base.rgb.mul( base.a ).mul( blend.a.oneMinus() ) ).div( outAlpha ), outAlpha );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'blendColor',
	type: 'vec4',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'base', type: 'vec4' },
		{ name: 'blend', type: 'vec4' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Computes a grayscale value for the given RGB color value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color value to compute the grayscale for.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The grayscale color.
 */
const grayscale = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color ] ) => {

	return luminance( color.rgb );

} );

/**
 * Super-saturates or desaturates the given RGB color.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The input color.
 * @param {Node<float>} [adjustment=1] - Specifies the amount of the conversion. A value under `1` desaturates the color, a value over `1` super-saturates it.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The saturated color.
 */
const saturation = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, adjustment = float( 1 ) ] ) => {

	return adjustment.mix( luminance( color.rgb ), color.rgb ).max( 0.0 );

} );

/**
 * Selectively enhance the intensity of less saturated RGB colors. Can result
 * in a more natural and visually appealing image with enhanced color depth
 * compared to {@link ColorAdjustment#saturation}.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The input color.
 * @param {Node<float>} [adjustment=0] - Controls the intensity of the vibrance effect.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The updated color.
 */
const vibrance = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, adjustment = float( 0 ) ] ) => {

	const average = add( color.r, color.g, color.b ).div( 3.0 );

	const mx = color.r.max( color.g.max( color.b ) );
	const amt = mx.sub( average ).mul( adjustment ).mul( -3 );

	return mix( color.rgb, mx, amt ).max( 0.0 );

} );

/**
 * Updates the hue component of the given RGB color while preserving its luminance and saturation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The input color.
 * @param {Node<float>} [adjustment=1] - Defines the degree of hue rotation in radians. A positive value rotates the hue clockwise, while a negative value rotates it counterclockwise.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The updated color.
 */
const hue = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, adjustment = float( 1 ) ] ) => {

	const k = vec3( 0.57735, 0.57735, 0.57735 );

	const cosAngle = adjustment.cos();

	return vec3( color.rgb.mul( cosAngle ).add( k.cross( color.rgb ).mul( adjustment.sin() ).add( k.mul( dot( k, color.rgb ).mul( cosAngle.oneMinus() ) ) ) ) ).max( 0.0 );

} );

/**
 * Computes the luminance for the given RGB color value.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color value to compute the luminance for.
 * @param {?Node<vec3>} luminanceCoefficients - The luminance coefficients. By default predefined values of the current working color space are used.
 * @return {Node<float>} The luminance.
 */
const luminance = (
	color,
	luminanceCoefficients = vec3( ColorManagement.getLuminanceCoefficients( new Vector3() ) )
) => dot( color, luminanceCoefficients );

/**
 * Color Decision List (CDL) v1.2
 *
 * Compact representation of color grading information, defined by slope, offset, power, and
 * saturation. The CDL should be typically be given input in a log space (such as LogC, ACEScc,
 * or AgX Log), and will return output in the same space. Output may require clamping >=0.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec4>} color Input (-Infinity < input < +Infinity)
 * @param {Node<vec3>} slope Slope (0 ≤ slope < +Infinity)
 * @param {Node<vec3>} offset Offset (-Infinity < offset < +Infinity; typically -1 < offset < 1)
 * @param {Node<vec3>} power Power (0 < power < +Infinity)
 * @param {Node<float>} saturation Saturation (0 ≤ saturation < +Infinity; typically 0 ≤ saturation < 4)
 * @param {Node<vec3>} luminanceCoefficients Luminance coefficients for saturation term, typically Rec. 709
 * @return {Node<vec4>} Output, -Infinity < output < +Infinity
 *
 * References:
 * - ASC CDL v1.2
 * - {@link https://blender.stackexchange.com/a/55239/43930}
 * - {@link https://docs.acescentral.com/specifications/acescc/}
 */
const cdl = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [
	color,
	slope = vec3( 1 ),
	offset = vec3( 0 ),
	power = vec3( 1 ),
	saturation = float( 1 ),
	// ASC CDL v1.2 explicitly requires Rec. 709 luminance coefficients.
	luminanceCoefficients = vec3( ColorManagement.getLuminanceCoefficients( new Vector3(), LinearSRGBColorSpace ) )
] ) => {

	// NOTE: The ASC CDL v1.2 defines a [0, 1] clamp on the slope+offset term, and another on the
	// saturation term. Per the ACEScc specification and Filament, limits may be omitted to support
	// if negative inputs to the power expression are avoided. We use `max( in, 0.0 )`
	// on final output, but the lower limit may not be required in all cases.

	const luma = color.rgb.dot( vec3( luminanceCoefficients ) );

	const v = max$1( color.rgb.mul( slope ).add( offset ), 0.0 );
	const pv = v.pow( power );

	If( v.r.greaterThan( 0.0 ), () => { v.r.assign( pv.r ); } ); // eslint-disable-line
	If( v.g.greaterThan( 0.0 ), () => { v.g.assign( pv.g ); } ); // eslint-disable-line
	If( v.b.greaterThan( 0.0 ), () => { v.b.assign( pv.b ); } ); // eslint-disable-line

	v.assign( luma.add( v.sub( luma ).mul( saturation ) ).max( 0 ) );

	return vec4( v.rgb, color.a );

} );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a posterize effect which reduces the number of colors
 * in an image, resulting in a more blocky and stylized appearance.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} sourceNode - The input color.
 * @param {Node} stepsNode - Controls the intensity of the posterization effect. A lower number results in a more blocky appearance.
 * @returns {Node} The posterized color.
 */
const posterize = Fn( ( [ source, steps ] ) => {

	return source.mul( steps ).floor().div( steps );

} );

let _sharedFramebuffer = null;

/**
 * `ViewportTextureNode` creates an internal texture for each node instance. This module
 * shares a texture across all instances of `ViewportSharedTextureNode`. It should
 * be the first choice when using data of the default/screen framebuffer for performance reasons.
 *
 * @augments ViewportTextureNode
 */
class ViewportSharedTextureNode extends ViewportTextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ViewportSharedTextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new viewport shared texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} [uvNode=screenUV] - The uv node.
	 * @param {?Node} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
	 */
	constructor( uvNode = screenUV, levelNode = null ) {

		if ( _sharedFramebuffer === null ) {

			_sharedFramebuffer = new FramebufferTexture();

		}

		super( uvNode, levelNode, _sharedFramebuffer );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten so the method always returns the unique shared
	 * framebuffer texture.
	 *
	 * @return {FramebufferTexture} The shared framebuffer texture.
	 */
	getTextureForReference() {

		return _sharedFramebuffer;

	}

	updateReference() {

		return this;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a shared viewport texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {?Node} [uvNode=screenUV] - The uv node.
 * @param {?Node} [levelNode=null] - The level node.
 * @returns {ViewportSharedTextureNode}
 */
const viewportSharedTexture = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( ViewportSharedTextureNode ).setParameterLength( 0, 2 );

const _size = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector2();

/**
 * Represents the texture of a pass node.
 *
 * @augments TextureNode
 */
class PassTextureNode extends TextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'PassTextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new pass texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {PassNode} passNode - The pass node.
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The output texture.
	 */
	constructor( passNode, texture ) {

		super( texture );

		/**
		 * A reference to the pass node.
		 *
		 * @type {PassNode}
		 */
		this.passNode = passNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.isPassTextureNode = true;

		this.setUpdateMatrix( false );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		properties.passNode = this.passNode;

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

	clone() {

		return new this.constructor( this.passNode, this.value );

	}

}

/**
 * An extension of `PassTextureNode` which allows to manage more than one
 * internal texture. Relevant for the `getPreviousTexture()` related API.
 *
 * @augments PassTextureNode
 */
class PassMultipleTextureNode extends PassTextureNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'PassMultipleTextureNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new pass texture node.
	 *
	 * @param {PassNode} passNode - The pass node.
	 * @param {string} textureName - The output texture name.
	 * @param {boolean} [previousTexture=false] - Whether previous frame data should be used or not.
	 */
	constructor( passNode, textureName, previousTexture = false ) {

		// null is passed to the super call since this class does not
		// use an external texture for rendering pass data into. Instead
		// the texture is managed by the pass node itself

		super( passNode, null );

		/**
		 * The output texture name.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.textureName = textureName;

		/**
		 * Whether previous frame data should be used or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this.previousTexture = previousTexture;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.isPassMultipleTextureNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the texture reference of this node.
	 */
	updateTexture() {

		this.value = this.previousTexture ? this.passNode.getPreviousTexture( this.textureName ) : this.passNode.getTexture( this.textureName );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		this.updateTexture();

		return super.setup( builder );

	}

	clone() {

		const newNode = new this.constructor( this.passNode, this.textureName, this.previousTexture );
		newNode.uvNode = this.uvNode;
		newNode.levelNode = this.levelNode;
		newNode.biasNode = this.biasNode;
		newNode.sampler = this.sampler;
		newNode.depthNode = this.depthNode;
		newNode.compareNode = this.compareNode;
		newNode.gradNode = this.gradNode;
		newNode.gatherNode = this.gatherNode;
		newNode.offsetNode = this.offsetNode;

		return newNode;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a render pass (sometimes called beauty pass) in context of post processing.
 * This pass produces a render for the given scene and camera and can provide multiple outputs
 * via MRT for further processing.
 *
 * ```js
 * const postProcessing = new RenderPipeline( renderer );
 *
 * const scenePass = pass( scene, camera );
 *
 * postProcessing.outputNode = scenePass;
 * ```
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class PassNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'PassNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new pass node.
	 *
	 * @param {('color'|'depth')} scope - The scope of the pass. The scope determines whether the node outputs color or depth.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - A reference to the scene.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - A reference to the camera.
	 * @param {Object} options - Options for the internal render target.
	 */
	constructor( scope, scene, camera, options = {} ) {

		super( 'vec4' );

		/**
		 * The scope of the pass. The scope determines whether the node outputs color or depth.
		 *
		 * @type {('color'|'depth')}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

		/**
		 * A reference to the scene.
		 *
		 * @type {Scene}
		 */
		this.scene = scene;

		/**
		 * A reference to the camera.
		 *
		 * @type {Camera}
		 */
		this.camera = camera;

		/**
		 * Options for the internal render target.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.options = options;

		/**
		 * The pass's pixel width. Will be kept automatically kept in sync with the renderer's width.
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._width = 1;

		/**
		 * The pass's pixel height. Will be kept automatically kept in sync with the renderer's height.
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._height = 1;

		const renderTarget = new RenderTarget( this._width, this._height, { type: HalfFloatType, ...options, } );
		renderTarget.texture.name = 'output';

		let depthTexture = null;

		if ( this.scope === PassNode.DEPTH || options.depthBuffer !== false ) {

			depthTexture = new DepthTexture();
			depthTexture.isRenderTargetTexture = true;
			//depthTexture.type = FloatType;
			depthTexture.name = 'depth';

			renderTarget.depthTexture = depthTexture;

		}

		/**
		 * The pass's render target.
		 *
		 * @type {RenderTarget}
		 */
		this.renderTarget = renderTarget;

		/**
		 * An optional override material for the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {Material|null}
		 */
		this.overrideMaterial = null;

		/**
		 * Whether the pass is transparent.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.transparent = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the pass is opaque.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.opaque = true;

		/**
		 * An optional global context for the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {ContextNode|null}
		 */
		this.contextNode = null;

		/**
		 * A cache for the context node.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._contextNodeCache = null;

		/**
		 * A dictionary holding the internal result textures.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {{ output: Texture, depth: ?DepthTexture }}
		 */
		this._textures = {
			output: renderTarget.texture
		};

		if ( depthTexture !== null ) {

			this._textures.depth = depthTexture;

		}

		/**
		 * A dictionary holding the internal texture nodes.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Object<string, TextureNode>}
		 */
		this._textureNodes = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary holding the internal depth nodes.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this._linearDepthNodes = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary holding the internal viewZ nodes.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this._viewZNodes = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary holding the texture data of the previous frame.
		 * Used for computing velocity/motion vectors.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Object<string, Texture>}
		 */
		this._previousTextures = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary holding the texture nodes of the previous frame.
		 * Used for computing velocity/motion vectors.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Object<string, TextureNode>}
		 */
		this._previousTextureNodes = {};

		/**
		 * The `near` property of the camera as a uniform.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {UniformNode}
		 */
		this._cameraNear = uniform( 0 );

		/**
		 * The `far` property of the camera as a uniform.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {UniformNode}
		 */
		this._cameraFar = uniform( 0 );

		/**
		 * A MRT node configuring the MRT settings.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?MRTNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._mrt = null;

		/**
		 * Layer object for configuring the camera that is used
		 * to produce the pass.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Layers}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._layers = null;

		/**
		 * Scales the resolution of the internal render target.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._resolutionScale = 1;

		/**
		 * Custom viewport definition.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Vector4}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._viewport = null;

		/**
		 * Custom scissor definition.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Vector4}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._scissor = null;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isPassNode = true;

		/**
		 * The `updateBeforeType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.FRAME` since the node renders the
		 * scene once per frame in its {@link PassNode#updateBefore} method.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'frame'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.FRAME;

		/**
		 * This flag is used for global cache.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the resolution scale for the pass.
	 * The resolution scale is a factor that is multiplied with the renderer's width and height.
	 *
	 * @param {number} resolutionScale - The resolution scale to set. A value of `1` means full resolution.
	 * @return {PassNode} A reference to this pass.
	 */
	setResolutionScale( resolutionScale ) {

		this._resolutionScale = resolutionScale;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the current resolution scale of the pass.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The current resolution scale. A value of `1` means full resolution.
	 */
	getResolutionScale() {

		return this._resolutionScale;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the resolution for the pass.
	 * The resolution is a factor that is multiplied with the renderer's width and height.
	 *
	 * @param {number} resolution - The resolution to set. A value of `1` means full resolution.
	 * @return {PassNode} A reference to this pass.
	 * @deprecated since r181. Use {@link PassNode#setResolutionScale `setResolutionScale()`} instead.
	 */
	setResolution( resolution ) { // @deprecated, r181

		warn( 'PassNode: .setResolution() is deprecated. Use .setResolutionScale() instead.' );

		return this.setResolutionScale( resolution );

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the current resolution of the pass.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The current resolution. A value of `1` means full resolution.
	 * @deprecated since r181. Use {@link PassNode#getResolutionScale `getResolutionScale()`} instead.
	 */
	getResolution() { // @deprecated, r181

		warn( 'PassNode: .getResolution() is deprecated. Use .getResolutionScale() instead.' );

		return this.getResolutionScale();

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the layer configuration that should be used when rendering the pass.
	 *
	 * @param {Layers} layers - The layers object to set.
	 * @return {PassNode} A reference to this pass.
	 */
	setLayers( layers ) {

		this._layers = layers;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the current layer configuration of the pass.
	 *
	 * @return {?Layers} .
	 */
	getLayers() {

		return this._layers;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the given MRT node to setup MRT for this pass.
	 *
	 * @param {MRTNode} mrt - The MRT object.
	 * @return {PassNode} A reference to this pass.
	 */
	setMRT( mrt ) {

		this._mrt = mrt;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current MRT node.
	 *
	 * @return {MRTNode} The current MRT node.
	 */
	getMRT() {

		return this._mrt;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the texture for the given output name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The output name to get the texture for.
	 * @return {Texture} The texture.
	 */
	getTexture( name ) {

		let texture = this._textures[ name ];

		if ( texture === undefined ) {

			if ( name === 'depth' ) {

				throw new Error( 'THREE.PassNode: Depth texture is not available for this pass.' );

			}

			const refTexture = this.renderTarget.texture;

			texture = refTexture.clone();
			texture.name = name;

			this._textures[ name ] = texture;

			this.renderTarget.textures.push( texture );

		}

		return texture;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the texture holding the data of the previous frame for the given output name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The output name to get the texture for.
	 * @return {Texture} The texture holding the data of the previous frame.
	 */
	getPreviousTexture( name ) {

		let texture = this._previousTextures[ name ];

		if ( texture === undefined ) {

			texture = this.getTexture( name ).clone();

			this._previousTextures[ name ] = texture;

		}

		return texture;

	}

	/**
	 * Switches current and previous textures for the given output name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The output name.
	 */
	toggleTexture( name ) {

		const prevTexture = this._previousTextures[ name ];

		if ( prevTexture !== undefined ) {

			const texture = this._textures[ name ];

			const index = this.renderTarget.textures.indexOf( texture );
			this.renderTarget.textures[ index ] = prevTexture;

			this._textures[ name ] = prevTexture;
			this._previousTextures[ name ] = texture;

			this._textureNodes[ name ].updateTexture();
			this._previousTextureNodes[ name ].updateTexture();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the texture node for the given output name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [name='output'] - The output name to get the texture node for.
	 * @return {TextureNode} The texture node.
	 */
	getTextureNode( name = 'output' ) {

		let textureNode = this._textureNodes[ name ];

		if ( textureNode === undefined ) {

			textureNode = new PassMultipleTextureNode( this, name );
			textureNode.updateTexture();
			this._textureNodes[ name ] = textureNode;

		}

		return textureNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the previous texture node for the given output name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [name='output'] - The output name to get the previous texture node for.
	 * @return {TextureNode} The previous texture node.
	 */
	getPreviousTextureNode( name = 'output' ) {

		let textureNode = this._previousTextureNodes[ name ];

		if ( textureNode === undefined ) {

			if ( this._textureNodes[ name ] === undefined ) this.getTextureNode( name );

			textureNode = new PassMultipleTextureNode( this, name, true );
			textureNode.updateTexture();
			this._previousTextureNodes[ name ] = textureNode;

		}

		return textureNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a viewZ node of this pass.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [name='depth'] - The output name to get the viewZ node for. In most cases the default `'depth'` can be used however the parameter exists for custom depth outputs.
	 * @return {Node} The viewZ node.
	 */
	getViewZNode( name = 'depth' ) {

		let viewZNode = this._viewZNodes[ name ];

		if ( viewZNode === undefined ) {

			const cameraNear = this._cameraNear;
			const cameraFar = this._cameraFar;

			this._viewZNodes[ name ] = viewZNode = perspectiveDepthToViewZ( this.getTextureNode( name ), cameraNear, cameraFar );

		}

		return viewZNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a linear depth node of this pass.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [name='depth'] - The output name to get the linear depth node for. In most cases the default `'depth'` can be used however the parameter exists for custom depth outputs.
	 * @return {Node} The linear depth node.
	 */
	getLinearDepthNode( name = 'depth' ) {

		let linearDepthNode = this._linearDepthNodes[ name ];

		if ( linearDepthNode === undefined ) {

			const cameraNear = this._cameraNear;
			const cameraFar = this._cameraFar;
			const viewZNode = this.getViewZNode( name );

			// TODO: just if ( builder.camera.isPerspectiveCamera )

			this._linearDepthNodes[ name ] = linearDepthNode = viewZToOrthographicDepth( viewZNode, cameraNear, cameraFar );

		}

		return linearDepthNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Precompiles the pass.
	 *
	 * Note that this method must be called after the pass configuration is complete.
	 * So calls like `setMRT()` and `getTextureNode()` must proceed the precompilation.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the compile has been finished.
	 * @see {@link Renderer#compileAsync}
	 */
	async compileAsync( renderer ) {

		const currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();
		const currentMRT = renderer.getMRT();

		renderer.setRenderTarget( this.renderTarget );
		renderer.setMRT( this._mrt );

		await renderer.compileAsync( this.scene, this.camera );

		renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );
		renderer.setMRT( currentMRT );

	}

	setup( { renderer } ) {

		this.renderTarget.samples = this.options.samples === undefined ? renderer.samples : this.options.samples;

		this.renderTarget.texture.type = renderer.getOutputBufferType();

		if ( renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true && this.renderTarget.depthTexture !== null ) {

			this.renderTarget.depthTexture.type = FloatType;

		}

		return this.scope === PassNode.COLOR ? this.getTextureNode() : this.getLinearDepthNode();

	}

	updateBefore( frame ) {

		const { renderer } = frame;
		const { scene } = this;

		let camera;

		const outputRenderTarget = renderer.getOutputRenderTarget();

		if ( outputRenderTarget && outputRenderTarget.isXRRenderTarget === true ) {

			camera = renderer.xr.getCamera();

			renderer.xr.updateCamera( camera );

			_size.set( outputRenderTarget.width, outputRenderTarget.height );

		} else {

			camera = this.camera;

			renderer.getDrawingBufferSize( _size );

		}

		this.setSize( _size.width, _size.height );

		const currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();
		const currentMRT = renderer.getMRT();
		const currentAutoClear = renderer.autoClear;
		const currentTransparent = renderer.transparent;
		const currentOpaque = renderer.opaque;
		const currentMask = camera.layers.mask;
		const currentContextNode = renderer.contextNode;
		const currentOverrideMaterial = scene.overrideMaterial;

		this._cameraNear.value = camera.near;
		this._cameraFar.value = camera.far;

		if ( this._layers !== null ) {

			camera.layers.mask = this._layers.mask;

		}

		for ( const name in this._previousTextures ) {

			this.toggleTexture( name );

		}

		if ( this.overrideMaterial !== null ) {

			scene.overrideMaterial = this.overrideMaterial;

		}

		renderer.setRenderTarget( this.renderTarget );
		renderer.setMRT( this._mrt );
		renderer.autoClear = true;
		renderer.transparent = this.transparent;
		renderer.opaque = this.opaque;

		if ( this.contextNode !== null ) {

			if ( this._contextNodeCache === null || this._contextNodeCache.version !== this.version ) {

				this._contextNodeCache = {
					version: this.version,
					context: context( { ...renderer.contextNode.getFlowContextData(), ...this.contextNode.getFlowContextData() } )
				};

			}

			renderer.contextNode = this._contextNodeCache.context;

		}

		const currentSceneName = scene.name;

		scene.name = this.name ? this.name : scene.name;

		renderer.render( scene, camera );

		scene.name = currentSceneName;
		scene.overrideMaterial = currentOverrideMaterial;

		renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );
		renderer.setMRT( currentMRT );
		renderer.autoClear = currentAutoClear;
		renderer.transparent = currentTransparent;
		renderer.opaque = currentOpaque;
		renderer.contextNode = currentContextNode;

		camera.layers.mask = currentMask;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the size of the pass's render target. Honors the pixel ratio.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width to set.
	 * @param {number} height - The height to set.
	 */
	setSize( width, height ) {

		this._width = width;
		this._height = height;

		const effectiveWidth = Math.floor( this._width * this._resolutionScale );
		const effectiveHeight = Math.floor( this._height * this._resolutionScale );

		this.renderTarget.setSize( effectiveWidth, effectiveHeight );

		// scissor

		if ( this._scissor !== null ) {

			this.renderTarget.scissor.copy( this._scissor ).multiplyScalar( this._resolutionScale ).floor();
			this.renderTarget.scissorTest = true;

		} else {

			this.renderTarget.scissorTest = false;

		}

		// viewport

		if ( this._viewport !== null ) {

			this.renderTarget.viewport.copy( this._viewport ).multiplyScalar( this._resolutionScale ).floor();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method allows to define the pass's scissor rectangle. By default, the scissor rectangle is kept
	 * in sync with the pass's dimensions. To reverse the process and use auto-sizing again, call the method
	 * with `null` as the single argument.
	 *
	 * @param {?(number | Vector4)} x - The horizontal coordinate for the lower left corner of the box in logical pixel unit.
	 * Instead of passing four arguments, the method also works with a single four-dimensional vector.
	 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the lower left corner of the box in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the scissor box in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the scissor box in logical pixel unit.
	 */
	setScissor( x, y, width, height ) {

		if ( x === null ) {

			this._scissor = null;

		} else {

			if ( this._scissor === null ) this._scissor = new Vector4();

			if ( x.isVector4 ) {

				this._scissor.copy( x );

			} else {

				this._scissor.set( x, y, width, height );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method allows to define the pass's viewport. By default, the viewport is kept in sync
	 * with the pass's dimensions. To reverse the process and use auto-sizing again, call the method
	 * with `null` as the single argument.
	 *
	 * @param {number | Vector4} x - The horizontal coordinate for the lower left corner of the viewport origin in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the lower left corner of the viewport origin  in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
	 */
	setViewport( x, y, width, height ) {

		if ( x === null ) {

			this._viewport = null;

		} else {

			if ( this._viewport === null ) this._viewport = new Vector4();

			if ( x.isVector4 ) {

				this._viewport.copy( x );

			} else {

				this._viewport.set( x, y, width, height );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources. Should be called when the node is no longer in use.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.renderTarget.dispose();

	}


}

/**
 * @static
 * @type {'color'}
 * @default 'color'
 */
PassNode.COLOR = 'color';

/**
 * @static
 * @type {'depth'}
 * @default 'depth'
 */
PassNode.DEPTH = 'depth';

/**
 * TSL function for creating a pass node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Scene} scene - A reference to the scene.
 * @param {Camera} camera - A reference to the camera.
 * @param {Object} options - Options for the internal render target.
 * @returns {PassNode}
 */
const pass = ( scene, camera, options ) => new PassNode( PassNode.COLOR, scene, camera, options );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a pass texture node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {PassNode} pass - The pass node.
 * @param {Texture} texture - The output texture.
 * @returns {PassTextureNode}
 */
const passTexture = ( pass, texture ) => new PassTextureNode( pass, texture );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a depth pass node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Scene} scene - A reference to the scene.
 * @param {Camera} camera - A reference to the camera.
 * @param {Object} options - Options for the internal render target.
 * @returns {PassNode}
 */
const depthPass = ( scene, camera, options ) => new PassNode( PassNode.DEPTH, scene, camera, options );

/**
 * Represents a render pass for producing a toon outline effect on compatible objects.
 * Only 3D objects with materials of type `MeshToonMaterial` and `MeshToonNodeMaterial`
 * will receive the outline.
 *
 * ```js
 * const postProcessing = new RenderPipeline( renderer );
 *
 * const scenePass = toonOutlinePass( scene, camera );
 *
 * postProcessing.outputNode = scenePass;
 * ```
 * @augments PassNode
 */
class ToonOutlinePassNode extends PassNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ToonOutlinePassNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new outline pass node.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - A reference to the scene.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - A reference to the camera.
	 * @param {Node} colorNode - Defines the outline's color.
	 * @param {Node} thicknessNode - Defines the outline's thickness.
	 * @param {Node} alphaNode - Defines the outline's alpha.
	 */
	constructor( scene, camera, colorNode, thicknessNode, alphaNode ) {

		super( PassNode.COLOR, scene, camera );

		/**
		 * Defines the outline's color.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.colorNode = colorNode;

		/**
		 * Defines the outline's thickness.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.thicknessNode = thicknessNode;

		/**
		 * Defines the outline's alpha.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.alphaNode = alphaNode;

		/**
		 * An internal material cache.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {WeakMap<Material, NodeMaterial>}
		 */
		this._materialCache = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * The name of this pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'Outline Pass'
		 */
		this.name = 'Outline Pass';

	}

	updateBefore( frame ) {

		const { renderer } = frame;

		const currentRenderObjectFunction = renderer.getRenderObjectFunction();

		renderer.setRenderObjectFunction( ( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group, lightsNode, clippingContext ) => {

			// only render outline for supported materials

			if ( material.isMeshToonMaterial || material.isMeshToonNodeMaterial ) {

				if ( material.wireframe === false ) {

					const outlineMaterial = this._getOutlineMaterial( material );
					renderer.renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, outlineMaterial, group, lightsNode, clippingContext );

				}

			}

			// default

			renderer.renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group, lightsNode, clippingContext );

		} );

		super.updateBefore( frame );

		renderer.setRenderObjectFunction( currentRenderObjectFunction );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the material used for outline rendering.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return {NodeMaterial} The outline material.
	 */
	_createMaterial() {

		const material = new NodeMaterial();
		material.isMeshToonOutlineMaterial = true;
		material.name = 'Toon_Outline';
		material.side = BackSide;

		// vertex node

		const outlineNormal = normalLocal.negate();
		const mvp = cameraProjectionMatrix.mul( modelViewMatrix );

		const ratio = float( 1.0 ); // TODO: support outline thickness ratio for each vertex
		const pos = mvp.mul( vec4( positionLocal, 1.0 ) );
		const pos2 = mvp.mul( vec4( positionLocal.add( outlineNormal ), 1.0 ) );
		const norm = normalize( pos.sub( pos2 ) ); // NOTE: subtract pos2 from pos because BackSide objectNormal is negative

		material.vertexNode = pos.add( norm.mul( this.thicknessNode ).mul( pos.w ).mul( ratio ) );

		// color node

		material.colorNode = vec4( this.colorNode, this.alphaNode );

		return material;

	}

	/**
	 * For the given toon material, this method returns a corresponding
	 * outline material.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {(MeshToonMaterial|MeshToonNodeMaterial)} originalMaterial - The toon material.
	 * @return {NodeMaterial} The outline material.
	 */
	_getOutlineMaterial( originalMaterial ) {

		let outlineMaterial = this._materialCache.get( originalMaterial );

		if ( outlineMaterial === undefined ) {

			outlineMaterial = this._createMaterial();

			this._materialCache.set( originalMaterial, outlineMaterial );

		}

		return outlineMaterial;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a toon outline pass node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Scene} scene - A reference to the scene.
 * @param {Camera} camera - A reference to the camera.
 * @param {Color} color - Defines the outline's color.
 * @param {number} [thickness=0.003] - Defines the outline's thickness.
 * @param {number} [alpha=1] - Defines the outline's alpha.
 * @returns {ToonOutlinePassNode}
 */
const toonOutlinePass = ( scene, camera, color = new Color( 0, 0, 0 ), thickness = 0.003, alpha = 1 ) => new ToonOutlinePassNode( scene, camera, nodeObject( color ), nodeObject( thickness ), nodeObject( alpha ) );

/**
 * Linear tone mapping, exposure only.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color that should be tone mapped.
 * @param {Node<float>} exposure - The exposure.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The tone mapped color.
 */
const linearToneMapping = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, exposure ] ) => {

	return color.mul( exposure ).clamp();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'linearToneMapping',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'exposure', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Reinhard tone mapping.
 *
 * Reference: {@link https://www.cs.utah.edu/docs/techreports/2002/pdf/UUCS-02-001.pdf}
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color that should be tone mapped.
 * @param {Node<float>} exposure - The exposure.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The tone mapped color.
 */
const reinhardToneMapping = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, exposure ] ) => {

	color = color.mul( exposure );

	return color.div( color.add( 1.0 ) ).clamp();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'reinhardToneMapping',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'exposure', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Cineon tone mapping.
 *
 * Reference: {@link http://filmicworlds.com/blog/filmic-tonemapping-operators/}
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color that should be tone mapped.
 * @param {Node<float>} exposure - The exposure.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The tone mapped color.
 */
const cineonToneMapping = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, exposure ] ) => {

	// filmic operator by Jim Hejl and Richard Burgess-Dawson
	color = color.mul( exposure );
	color = color.sub( 0.004 ).max( 0.0 );

	const a = color.mul( color.mul( 6.2 ).add( 0.5 ) );
	const b = color.mul( color.mul( 6.2 ).add( 1.7 ) ).add( 0.06 );

	return a.div( b ).pow( 2.2 );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'cineonToneMapping',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'exposure', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

// source: https://github.com/selfshadow/ltc_code/blob/master/webgl/shaders/ltc/ltc_blit.fs

const RRTAndODTFit = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color ] ) => {

	const a = color.mul( color.add( 0.0245786 ) ).sub( 0.000090537 );
	const b = color.mul( color.add( 0.4329510 ).mul( 0.983729 ) ).add( 0.238081 );

	return a.div( b );

} );

/**
 * ACESFilmic tone mapping.
 *
 * Reference: {@link https://github.com/selfshadow/ltc_code/blob/master/webgl/shaders/ltc/ltc_blit.fs}
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color that should be tone mapped.
 * @param {Node<float>} exposure - The exposure.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The tone mapped color.
 */
const acesFilmicToneMapping = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, exposure ] ) => {

	// sRGB => XYZ => D65_2_D60 => AP1 => RRT_SAT
	const ACESInputMat = mat3(
		0.59719, 0.35458, 0.04823,
		0.07600, 0.90834, 0.01566,
		0.02840, 0.13383, 0.83777
	);

	// ODT_SAT => XYZ => D60_2_D65 => sRGB
	const ACESOutputMat = mat3(
		1.60475, -0.53108, -0.07367,
		-0.10208, 1.10813, -605e-5,
		-327e-5, -0.07276, 1.07602
	);

	color = color.mul( exposure ).div( 0.6 );

	color = ACESInputMat.mul( color );

	// Apply RRT and ODT
	color = RRTAndODTFit( color );

	color = ACESOutputMat.mul( color );

	// Clamp to [0, 1]
	return color.clamp();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'acesFilmicToneMapping',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'exposure', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const LINEAR_REC2020_TO_LINEAR_SRGB = /*@__PURE__*/ mat3( vec3( 1.6605, -0.1246, -0.0182 ), vec3( -0.5876, 1.1329, -0.1006 ), vec3( -0.0728, -83e-4, 1.1187 ) );
const LINEAR_SRGB_TO_LINEAR_REC2020 = /*@__PURE__*/ mat3( vec3( 0.6274, 0.0691, 0.0164 ), vec3( 0.3293, 0.9195, 0.0880 ), vec3( 0.0433, 0.0113, 0.8956 ) );

const agxDefaultContrastApprox = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable ] ) => {

	const x = vec3( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const x2 = vec3( x.mul( x ) ).toVar();
	const x4 = vec3( x2.mul( x2 ) ).toVar();

	return float( 15.5 ).mul( x4.mul( x2 ) ).sub( mul( 40.14, x4.mul( x ) ) ).add( mul( 31.96, x4 ).sub( mul( 6.868, x2.mul( x ) ) ).add( mul( 0.4298, x2 ).add( mul( 0.1191, x ).sub( 0.00232 ) ) ) );

} );

/**
 * AgX tone mapping.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color that should be tone mapped.
 * @param {Node<float>} exposure - The exposure.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The tone mapped color.
 */
const agxToneMapping = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, exposure ] ) => {

	const colortone = vec3( color ).toVar();
	const AgXInsetMatrix = mat3( vec3( 0.856627153315983, 0.137318972929847, 0.11189821299995 ), vec3( 0.0951212405381588, 0.761241990602591, 0.0767994186031903 ), vec3( 0.0482516061458583, 0.101439036467562, 0.811302368396859 ) );
	const AgXOutsetMatrix = mat3( vec3( 1.1271005818144368, -0.1413297634984383, -0.14132976349843826 ), vec3( -0.11060664309660323, 1.157823702216272, -0.11060664309660294 ), vec3( -0.016493938717834573, -0.016493938717834257, 1.2519364065950405 ) );
	const AgxMinEv = float( -12.47393 );
	const AgxMaxEv = float( 4.026069 );
	colortone.mulAssign( exposure );
	colortone.assign( LINEAR_SRGB_TO_LINEAR_REC2020.mul( colortone ) );
	colortone.assign( AgXInsetMatrix.mul( colortone ) );
	colortone.assign( max$1( colortone, 1e-10 ) );
	colortone.assign( log2( colortone ) );
	colortone.assign( colortone.sub( AgxMinEv ).div( AgxMaxEv.sub( AgxMinEv ) ) );
	colortone.assign( clamp( colortone, 0.0, 1.0 ) );
	colortone.assign( agxDefaultContrastApprox( colortone ) );
	colortone.assign( AgXOutsetMatrix.mul( colortone ) );
	colortone.assign( pow( max$1( vec3( 0.0 ), colortone ), vec3( 2.2 ) ) );
	colortone.assign( LINEAR_REC2020_TO_LINEAR_SRGB.mul( colortone ) );
	colortone.assign( clamp( colortone, 0.0, 1.0 ) );

	return colortone;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'agxToneMapping',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'exposure', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

/**
 * Neutral tone mapping.
 *
 * Reference: {@link https://modelviewer.dev/examples/tone-mapping}
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} color - The color that should be tone mapped.
 * @param {Node<float>} exposure - The exposure.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The tone mapped color.
 */
const neutralToneMapping = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color, exposure ] ) => {

	const StartCompression = float( 0.8 - 0.04 );
	const Desaturation = float( 0.15 );

	color = color.mul( exposure );

	const x = min$1( color.r, min$1( color.g, color.b ) );
	const offset = select( x.lessThan( 0.08 ), x.sub( mul( 6.25, x.mul( x ) ) ), 0.04 );

	color.subAssign( offset );

	const peak = max$1( color.r, max$1( color.g, color.b ) );

	If( peak.lessThan( StartCompression ), () => {

		return color;

	} );

	const d = sub( 1, StartCompression );
	const newPeak = sub( 1, d.mul( d ).div( peak.add( d.sub( StartCompression ) ) ) );
	color.mulAssign( newPeak.div( peak ) );
	const g = sub( 1, div( 1, Desaturation.mul( peak.sub( newPeak ) ).add( 1 ) ) );

	return mix( color, vec3( newPeak ), g );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'neutralToneMapping',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'exposure', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

/**
 * This class represents native code sections. It is the base
 * class for modules like {@link FunctionNode} which allows to implement
 * functions with native shader languages.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class CodeNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'CodeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new code node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [code=''] - The native code.
	 * @param {Array<Node>} [includes=[]] - An array of includes.
	 * @param {('js'|'wgsl'|'glsl')} [language=''] - The used language.
	 */
	constructor( code = '', includes = [], language = '' ) {

		super( 'code' );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isCodeNode = true;

		/**
		 * This flag is used for global cache.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

		/**
		 * The native code.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.code = code;

		/**
		 * An array of includes
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 * @default []
		 */
		this.includes = includes;

		/**
		 * The used language.
		 *
		 * @type {('js'|'wgsl'|'glsl')}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.language = language;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the includes of this code node.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Node>} includes - The includes to set.
	 * @return {CodeNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setIncludes( includes ) {

		this.includes = includes;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the includes of this code node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Array<Node>} The includes.
	 */
	getIncludes( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this.includes;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const includes = this.getIncludes( builder );

		for ( const include of includes ) {

			include.build( builder );

		}

		const nodeCode = builder.getCodeFromNode( this, this.getNodeType( builder ) );
		nodeCode.code = this.code;

		return nodeCode.code;

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.code = this.code;
		data.language = this.language;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.code = data.code;
		this.language = data.language;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a code node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} [code] - The native code.
 * @param {?Array<Node>} [includes=[]] - An array of includes.
 * @param {?('js'|'wgsl'|'glsl')} [language=''] - The used language.
 * @returns {CodeNode}
 */
const code = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( CodeNode ).setParameterLength( 1, 3 );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a JS code node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} src - The native code.
 * @param {Array<Node>} includes - An array of includes.
 * @returns {CodeNode}
 */
const js = ( src, includes ) => code( src, includes, 'js' );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a WGSL code node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} src - The native code.
 * @param {Array<Node>} includes - An array of includes.
 * @returns {CodeNode}
 */
const wgsl = ( src, includes ) => code( src, includes, 'wgsl' );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a GLSL code node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} src - The native code.
 * @param {Array<Node>} includes - An array of includes.
 * @returns {CodeNode}
 */
const glsl = ( src, includes ) => code( src, includes, 'glsl' );

/**
 * This class represents a native shader function. It can be used to implement
 * certain aspects of a node material with native shader code. There are two predefined
 * TSL functions for easier usage.
 *
 * - `wgslFn`: Creates a WGSL function node.
 * - `glslFn`: Creates a GLSL function node.
 *
 * A basic example with one include looks like so:
 *
 * ```js
 * const desaturateWGSLFn = wgslFn( `
 *	fn desaturate( color:vec3<f32> ) -> vec3<f32> {
 *		let lum = vec3<f32>( 0.299, 0.587, 0.114 );
 *		return vec3<f32>( dot( lum, color ) );
 *	}`
 *);
 * const someWGSLFn = wgslFn( `
 *	fn someFn( color:vec3<f32> ) -> vec3<f32> {
 * 		return desaturate( color );
 * 	}
 * `, [ desaturateWGSLFn ] );
 * material.colorNode = someWGSLFn( { color: texture( map ) } );
 *```
 * @augments CodeNode
 */
class FunctionNode extends CodeNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'FunctionNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new function node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [code=''] - The native code.
	 * @param {Array<Node>} [includes=[]] - An array of includes.
	 * @param {('js'|'wgsl'|'glsl')} [language=''] - The used language.
	 */
	constructor( code = '', includes = [], language = '' ) {

		super( code, includes, language );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type of this function node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.getNodeFunction( builder ).type;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type of a member of this function node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the member.
	 * @return {string} The type of the member.
	 */
	getMemberType( builder, name ) {

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

		const structType = builder.getStructTypeNode( type );

		return structType.getMemberType( builder, name );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the inputs of this function node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {Array<NodeFunctionInput>} The inputs.
	 */
	getInputs( builder ) {

		return this.getNodeFunction( builder ).inputs;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node function for this function node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {NodeFunction} The node function.
	 */
	getNodeFunction( builder ) {

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		let nodeFunction = nodeData.nodeFunction;

		if ( nodeFunction === undefined ) {

			nodeFunction = builder.parser.parseFunction( this.code );

			nodeData.nodeFunction = nodeFunction;

		}

		return nodeFunction;

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		super.generate( builder );

		const nodeFunction = this.getNodeFunction( builder );

		const name = nodeFunction.name;
		const type = nodeFunction.type;

		const nodeCode = builder.getCodeFromNode( this, type );

		if ( name !== '' ) {

			const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

			if ( nodeData.declarationRegistered !== true ) {

				// use a custom property name

				nodeCode.name = name;

				builder.registerDeclaration( nodeCode );

				nodeData.declarationRegistered = true;

			}

		}

		const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeCode );

		const code = this.getNodeFunction( builder ).getCode( propertyName );

		nodeCode.code = code + '\n';

		if ( output === 'property' ) {

			return propertyName;

		} else {

			return builder.format( `${ propertyName }()`, type, output );

		}

	}

}

const nativeFn = ( code, includes = [], language = '' ) => {

	const functionNode = new FunctionNode( code, includes, language );

	const fn = ( ...params ) => functionNode.call( ...params );

	return nodeProxyConstructor( fn, functionNode );

};

const glslFn = ( code, includes ) => nativeFn( code, includes, 'glsl' );
const wgslFn = ( code, includes ) => nativeFn( code, includes, 'wgsl' );

/**
 * Returns a node that represents the `z` coordinate in view space
 * for the current fragment. It's a different representation of the
 * default depth value.
 *
 * This value can be part of a computation that defines how the fog
 * density increases when moving away from the camera.
 *
 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
 * @return {Node} The viewZ node.
 */
function getViewZNode( builder ) {

	let viewZ;

	const getViewZ = builder.context.getViewZ;

	if ( getViewZ !== undefined ) {

		viewZ = getViewZ( this );

	}

	return ( viewZ || positionView.z ).negate();

}

/**
 * Constructs a new range factor node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} near - Defines the near value.
 * @param {Node} far - Defines the far value.
 */
const rangeFogFactor = Fn( ( [ near, far ], builder ) => {

	const viewZ = getViewZNode( builder );

	return smoothstep( near, far, viewZ );

} );

/**
 * Represents an exponential squared fog. This type of fog gives
 * a clear view near the camera and a faster than exponentially
 * densening fog farther from the camera.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} density - Defines the fog density.
 */
const densityFogFactor = Fn( ( [ density ], builder ) => {

	const viewZ = getViewZNode( builder );

	return density.mul( density, viewZ, viewZ ).negate().exp().oneMinus();

} );

/**
 * Constructs a new height fog factor node. This fog factor requires a Y-up coordinate system.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} density - Defines the fog density.
 * @param {Node} height - The height threshold in world space. Everything below this y-coordinate is affected by fog.
 */
const exponentialHeightFogFactor = Fn( ( [ density, height ], builder ) => {

	const viewZ = getViewZNode( builder );

	const distance = height.sub( positionWorld.y ).max( 0 ).toConst();
	const m = distance.mul( viewZ ).toConst();

	return density.mul( density, m, m ).negate().exp().oneMinus();

} );

/**
 * This class can be used to configure a fog for the scene.
 * Nodes of this type are assigned to `Scene.fogNode`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} color - Defines the color of the fog.
 * @param {Node} factor - Defines how the fog is factored in the scene.
 */
const fog = Fn( ( [ color, factor ] ) => {

	return vec4( factor.toFloat().mix( output.rgb, color.toVec3() ), output.a );

} );

let min = null;
let max = null;

/**
 * `RangeNode` generates random instanced attribute data in a defined range.
 * An exemplary use case for this utility node is to generate random per-instance
 * colors:
 * ```js
 * const material = new MeshBasicNodeMaterial();
 * material.colorNode = range( new Color( 0x000000 ), new Color( 0xFFFFFF ) );
 * const mesh = new InstancedMesh( geometry, material, count );
 * ```
 * @augments Node
 */
class RangeNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'RangeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new range node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node<any>} [minNode=float()] - A node defining the lower bound of the range.
	 * @param {Node<any>} [maxNode=float()] - A node defining the upper bound of the range.
	 */
	constructor( minNode = float(), maxNode = float() ) {

		super();

		/**
		 *  A node defining the lower bound of the range.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<any>}
		 * @default float()
		 */
		this.minNode = minNode;

		/**
		 *  A node defining the upper bound of the range.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<any>}
		 * @default float()
		 */
		this.maxNode = maxNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vector length which is computed based on the range definition.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {number} The vector length.
	 */
	getVectorLength( builder ) {

		const minNode = this.getConstNode( this.minNode );
		const maxNode = this.getConstNode( this.maxNode );

		const minLength = builder.getTypeLength( getValueType( minNode.value ) );
		const maxLength = builder.getTypeLength( getValueType( maxNode.value ) );

		return minLength > maxLength ? minLength : maxLength;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is inferred from range definition.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return builder.object.count > 1 ? builder.getTypeFromLength( this.getVectorLength( builder ) ) : 'float';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a constant node from the given node by traversing it.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to traverse.
	 * @returns {Node} The constant node, if found.
	 */
	getConstNode( node ) {

		let output = null;

		node.traverse( n => {

			if ( n.isConstNode === true ) {

				output = n;

			}

		} );

		if ( output === null ) {

			throw new NodeError( 'THREE.TSL: No "ConstNode" found in node graph.', this.stackTrace );

		}

		return output;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const object = builder.object;

		let output = null;

		if ( object.count > 1 ) {

			const minNode = this.getConstNode( this.minNode );
			const maxNode = this.getConstNode( this.maxNode );

			const minValue = minNode.value;
			const maxValue = maxNode.value;

			const minLength = builder.getTypeLength( getValueType( minValue ) );
			const maxLength = builder.getTypeLength( getValueType( maxValue ) );

			min = min || new Vector4();
			max = max || new Vector4();

			min.setScalar( 0 );
			max.setScalar( 0 );

			if ( minLength === 1 ) min.setScalar( minValue );
			else if ( minValue.isColor ) min.set( minValue.r, minValue.g, minValue.b, 1 );
			else min.set( minValue.x, minValue.y, minValue.z || 0, minValue.w || 0 );

			if ( maxLength === 1 ) max.setScalar( maxValue );
			else if ( maxValue.isColor ) max.set( maxValue.r, maxValue.g, maxValue.b, 1 );
			else max.set( maxValue.x, maxValue.y, maxValue.z || 0, maxValue.w || 0 );

			const stride = 4;

			const length = stride * object.count;
			const array = new Float32Array( length );

			for ( let i = 0; i < length; i ++ ) {

				const index = i % stride;

				const minElementValue = min.getComponent( index );
				const maxElementValue = max.getComponent( index );

				array[ i ] = MathUtils.lerp( minElementValue, maxElementValue, Math.random() );

			}

			const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );
			const uniformBufferSize = object.count * 4 * 4; // count * 4 components * 4 bytes (float)

			if ( uniformBufferSize <= builder.getUniformBufferLimit() ) {

				output = buffer( array, 'vec4', object.count ).element( instanceIndex ).convert( nodeType );

			} else {

				// TODO: Improve anonymous buffer attribute creation removing this part
				const bufferAttribute = new InstancedBufferAttribute( array, 4 );
				builder.geometry.setAttribute( '__range' + this.id, bufferAttribute );

				output = instancedBufferAttribute( bufferAttribute ).convert( nodeType );

			}

		} else {

			output = float( 0 );

		}

		return output;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a range node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<any>} [minNode=float()] - A node defining the lower bound of the range.
 * @param {Node<any>} [maxNode=float()] - A node defining the upper bound of the range.
 * @returns {RangeNode}
 */
const range = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( RangeNode ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * `ComputeBuiltinNode` represents a compute-scope builtin value that expose information
 * about the currently running dispatch and/or the device it is running on.
 *
 * This node can only be used with a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ComputeBuiltinNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ComputeBuiltinNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new compute builtin node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} builtinName - The built-in name.
	 * @param {string} nodeType - The node type.
	 */
	constructor( builtinName, nodeType ) {

		super( nodeType );

		/**
		 * The built-in name.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this._builtinName = builtinName;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since hash is derived from the built-in name.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The hash.
	 */
	getHash( builder ) {

		return this.getBuiltinName( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * This method is overwritten since the node type is simply derived from `nodeType`..
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this.nodeType;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the builtin name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} builtinName - The built-in name.
	 * @return {ComputeBuiltinNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setBuiltinName( builtinName ) {

		this._builtinName = builtinName;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the builtin name.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The builtin name.
	 */
	getBuiltinName( /*builder*/ ) {

		return this._builtinName;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the current node builder has the builtin or not.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the builder has the builtin or not.
	 */
	hasBuiltin( builder ) {

		return builder.hasBuiltin( this._builtinName );

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const builtinName = this.getBuiltinName( builder );
		const nodeType = this.getNodeType( builder );

		if ( builder.shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			return builder.format( builtinName, nodeType, output );

		} else {

			warn( `ComputeBuiltinNode: Compute built-in value ${builtinName} can not be accessed in the ${builder.shaderStage} stage` );
			return builder.generateConst( nodeType );

		}

	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.global = this.global;
		data._builtinName = this._builtinName;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.global = data.global;
		this._builtinName = data._builtinName;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a compute builtin node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} name - The built-in name.
 * @param {string} nodeType - The node type.
 * @returns {ComputeBuiltinNode}
 */
const computeBuiltin = ( name, nodeType ) => new ComputeBuiltinNode( name, nodeType );

/**
 * Represents the number of workgroups dispatched by the compute shader.
 * ```js
 * // Run 512 invocations/threads with a workgroup size of 128.
 * const computeFn = Fn(() => {
 *
 *     // numWorkgroups.x = 4
 *     storageBuffer.element(0).assign(numWorkgroups.x)
 *
 * })().compute(512, [128]);
 *
 * // Run 512 invocations/threads with the default workgroup size of 64.
 * const computeFn = Fn(() => {
 *
 *     // numWorkgroups.x = 8
 *     storageBuffer.element(0).assign(numWorkgroups.x)
 *
 * })().compute(512);
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ComputeBuiltinNode<uvec3>}
 */
const numWorkgroups = /*@__PURE__*/ computeBuiltin( 'numWorkgroups', 'uvec3' );

/**
 * Represents the 3-dimensional index of the workgroup the current compute invocation belongs to.
 * ```js
 * // Execute 12 compute threads with a workgroup size of 3.
 * const computeFn = Fn( () => {
 *
 * 	If( workgroupId.x.mod( 2 ).equal( 0 ), () => {
 *
 * 		storageBuffer.element( instanceIndex ).assign( instanceIndex );
 *
 * 	} ).Else( () => {
 *
 * 		storageBuffer.element( instanceIndex ).assign( 0 );
 *
 * 	} );
 *
 * } )().compute( 12, [ 3 ] );
 *
 * // workgroupId.x =  [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3];
 * // Buffer Output =  [0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 6, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0];
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ComputeBuiltinNode<uvec3>}
 */
const workgroupId = /*@__PURE__*/ computeBuiltin( 'workgroupId', 'uvec3' );

/**
 * A non-linearized 3-dimensional representation of the current invocation's position within a 3D global grid.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ComputeBuiltinNode<uvec3>}
 */
const globalId = /*@__PURE__*/ computeBuiltin( 'globalId', 'uvec3' );
/**
 * A non-linearized 3-dimensional representation of the current invocation's position within a 3D workgroup grid.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ComputeBuiltinNode<uvec3>}
 */
const localId = /*@__PURE__*/ computeBuiltin( 'localId', 'uvec3' );

/**
 * A device dependent variable that exposes the size of the current invocation's subgroup.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {ComputeBuiltinNode<uint>}
 */
const subgroupSize = /*@__PURE__*/ computeBuiltin( 'subgroupSize', 'uint' );

/**
 * Represents a GPU control barrier that synchronizes compute operations within a given scope.
 *
 * This node can only be used with a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class BarrierNode extends Node {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new barrier node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} scope - The scope defines the behavior of the node.
	 */
	constructor( scope ) {

		super();

		this.scope = scope;

		this.isBarrierNode = true;

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		builder.allowEarlyReturns = false;
		builder.allowGlobalVariables = false;

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const { scope } = this;
		const { renderer } = builder;

		if ( renderer.backend.isWebGLBackend === true ) {

			builder.addFlowCode( `\t// ${scope}Barrier \n` );

		} else {

			builder.addLineFlowCode( `${scope}Barrier()`, this );

		}

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a barrier node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} scope - The scope defines the behavior of the node..
 * @returns {BarrierNode}
 */
const barrier = nodeProxy( BarrierNode );

/**
 * TSL function for creating a workgroup barrier. All compute shader
 * invocations must wait for each invocation within a workgroup to
 * complete before the barrier can be surpassed.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {BarrierNode}
 */
const workgroupBarrier = () => barrier( 'workgroup' ).toStack();

/**
 * TSL function for creating a storage barrier. All invocations must
 * wait for each access to variables within the 'storage' address space
 * to complete before the barrier can be passed.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {BarrierNode}
 */
const storageBarrier = () => barrier( 'storage' ).toStack();

/**
 * TSL function for creating a texture barrier. All invocations must
 * wait for each access to variables within the 'texture' address space
 * to complete before the barrier can be passed.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @returns {BarrierNode}
 */
const textureBarrier = () => barrier( 'texture' ).toStack();

/**
 * Represents an element of a 'workgroup' scoped buffer.
 *
 * @augments ArrayElementNode
 */
class WorkgroupInfoElementNode extends ArrayElementNode {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new workgroup info element node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} workgroupInfoNode - The workgroup info node.
	 * @param {Node} indexNode - The index node that defines the element access.
	 */
	constructor( workgroupInfoNode, indexNode ) {

		super( workgroupInfoNode, indexNode );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isWorkgroupInfoElementNode = true;

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		let snippet;

		const isAssignContext = builder.isContextAssign();
		snippet = super.generate( builder );

		if ( isAssignContext !== true ) {

			const type = this.getNodeType( builder );

			snippet = builder.format( snippet, type, output );

		}

		// TODO: Possibly activate clip distance index on index access rather than from clipping context

		return snippet;

	}

}

/**
 * A node allowing the user to create a 'workgroup' scoped buffer within the
 * context of a compute shader. Typically, workgroup scoped buffers are
 * created to hold data that is transferred from a global storage scope into
 * a local workgroup scope. For invocations within a workgroup, data
 * access speeds on 'workgroup' scoped buffers can be significantly faster
 * than similar access operations on globally accessible storage buffers.
 *
 * This node can only be used with a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class WorkgroupInfoNode extends Node {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new buffer scoped to type scope.
	 *
	 * @param {string} scope - TODO.
	 * @param {string} bufferType - The data type of a 'workgroup' scoped buffer element.
	 * @param {number} [bufferCount=0] - The number of elements in the buffer.
	 */
	constructor( scope, bufferType, bufferCount = 0 ) {

		super( bufferType );

		/**
		 * The buffer type.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.bufferType = bufferType;

		/**
		 * The buffer count.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.bufferCount = bufferCount;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isWorkgroupInfoNode = true;

		/**
		 * The data type of the array buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.elementType = bufferType;

		/**
		 * TODO.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.scope = scope;

		/**
		 * The name of the workgroup scoped buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.name = '';

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the name of this node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name to set.
	 * @return {WorkgroupInfoNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setName( name ) {

		this.name = name;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the name/label of this node.
	 *
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {string} name - The name to set.
	 * @return {WorkgroupInfoNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	label( name ) {

		warn( 'TSL: "label()" has been deprecated. Use "setName()" instead.', new StackTrace() ); // @deprecated r179

		return this.setName( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the scope of this node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} scope - The scope to set.
	 * @return {WorkgroupInfoNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setScope( scope ) {

		this.scope = scope;

		return this;

	}


	/**
	 * The data type of the array buffer.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The element type.
	 */
	getElementType() {

		return this.elementType;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation since the input type
	 * is inferred from the scope.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( /*builder*/ ) {

		return `${this.scope}Array`;

	}

	/**
	 * This method can be used to access elements via an index node.
	 *
	 * @param {IndexNode} indexNode - indexNode.
	 * @return {WorkgroupInfoElementNode} A reference to an element.
	 */
	element( indexNode ) {

		return new WorkgroupInfoElementNode( this, indexNode );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const name = ( this.name !== '' ) ? this.name : `${this.scope}Array_${this.id}`;

		return builder.getScopedArray( name, this.scope.toLowerCase(), this.bufferType, this.bufferCount );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating a workgroup info node.
 * Creates a new 'workgroup' scoped array buffer.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} type - The data type of a 'workgroup' scoped buffer element.
 * @param {number} [count=0] - The number of elements in the buffer.
 * @returns {WorkgroupInfoNode}
 */
const workgroupArray = ( type, count ) => new WorkgroupInfoNode( 'Workgroup', type, count );

/**
 * `AtomicFunctionNode` represents any function that can operate on atomic variable types
 * within a shader. In an atomic function, any modification to an atomic variable will
 * occur as an indivisible step with a defined order relative to other modifications.
 * Accordingly, even if multiple atomic functions are modifying an atomic variable at once
 * atomic operations will not interfere with each other.
 *
 * This node can only be used with a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class AtomicFunctionNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'AtomicFunctionNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new atomic function node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} method - The signature of the atomic function to construct.
	 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
	 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
	 */
	constructor( method, pointerNode, valueNode ) {

		super( 'uint' );

		/**
		 * The signature of the atomic function to construct.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.method = method;

		/**
		 * An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.pointerNode = pointerNode;

		/**
		 * A value that modifies the atomic variable.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.valueNode = valueNode;

		/**
		 * Creates a list of the parents for this node for detecting if the node needs to return a value.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.parents = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return the type of
	 * the pointer node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The input type.
	 */
	getInputType( builder ) {

		return this.pointerNode.getNodeType( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten since the node type is inferred from the input type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The node type.
	 */
	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		return this.getInputType( builder );

	}

	generate( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		const parents = properties.parents;

		const method = this.method;

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const inputType = this.getInputType( builder );

		const a = this.pointerNode;
		const b = this.valueNode;

		const params = [];

		params.push( `&${ a.build( builder, inputType ) }` );

		if ( b !== null ) {

			params.push( b.build( builder, inputType ) );


		}

		const methodSnippet = `${ builder.getMethod( method, type ) }( ${ params.join( ', ' ) } )`;
		const isVoid = parents ? ( parents.length === 1 && parents[ 0 ].isStackNode === true ) : false;

		if ( isVoid ) {

			builder.addLineFlowCode( methodSnippet, this );

		} else {

			if ( properties.constNode === undefined ) {

				properties.constNode = expression( methodSnippet, type ).toConst();

			}

			return properties.constNode.build( builder );

		}

	}

}

AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_LOAD = 'atomicLoad';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_STORE = 'atomicStore';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_ADD = 'atomicAdd';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_SUB = 'atomicSub';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_MAX = 'atomicMax';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_MIN = 'atomicMin';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_AND = 'atomicAnd';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_OR = 'atomicOr';
AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_XOR = 'atomicXor';

/**
 * TSL function for creating an atomic function node.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} method - The signature of the atomic function to construct.
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicNode = nodeProxy( AtomicFunctionNode );

/**
 * TSL function for appending an atomic function call into the programmatic flow of a compute shader.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {string} method - The signature of the atomic function to construct.
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicFunc = ( method, pointerNode, valueNode ) => {

	return atomicNode( method, pointerNode, valueNode ).toStack();

};

/**
 * Loads the value stored in the atomic variable.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicLoad = ( pointerNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_LOAD, pointerNode, null );

/**
 * Stores a value in the atomic variable.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicStore = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_STORE, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * Increments the value stored in the atomic variable.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicAdd = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_ADD, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * Decrements the value stored in the atomic variable.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicSub = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_SUB, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * Stores in an atomic variable the maximum between its current value and a parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicMax = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_MAX, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * Stores in an atomic variable the minimum between its current value and a parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicMin = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_MIN, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * Stores in an atomic variable the bitwise AND of its value with a parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicAnd = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_AND, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * Stores in an atomic variable the bitwise OR of its value with a parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicOr = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_OR, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * Stores in an atomic variable the bitwise XOR of its value with a parameter.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node} pointerNode - An atomic variable or element of an atomic buffer.
 * @param {Node} valueNode - The value that mutates the atomic variable.
 * @returns {AtomicFunctionNode}
 */
const atomicXor = ( pointerNode, valueNode ) => atomicFunc( AtomicFunctionNode.ATOMIC_XOR, pointerNode, valueNode );

/**
 * This class represents a set of built in WGSL shader functions that sync
 * synchronously execute an operation across a subgroup, or 'warp', of compute
 * or fragment shader invocations within a workgroup. Typically, these functions
 * will synchronously execute an operation using data from all active invocations
 * within the subgroup, then broadcast that result to all active invocations. In
 * other graphics APIs, subgroup functions are also referred to as wave intrinsics
 * (DirectX/HLSL) or warp intrinsics (CUDA).
 *
 * @augments TempNode
 */
class SubgroupFunctionNode extends TempNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'SubgroupFunctionNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new function node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} method - The subgroup/wave intrinsic method to construct.
	 * @param {Node} [aNode=null] - The method's first argument.
	 * @param {Node} [bNode=null] - The method's second argument.
	 */
	constructor( method, aNode = null, bNode = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The subgroup/wave intrinsic method to construct.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.method = method;

		/**
		 * The method's first argument.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.aNode = aNode;

		/**
		 * The method's second argument.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.bNode = bNode;

	}

	getInputType( builder ) {

		const aType = this.aNode ? this.aNode.getNodeType( builder ) : null;
		const bType = this.bNode ? this.bNode.getNodeType( builder ) : null;

		const aLen = builder.isMatrix( aType ) ? 0 : builder.getTypeLength( aType );
		const bLen = builder.isMatrix( bType ) ? 0 : builder.getTypeLength( bType );

		if ( aLen > bLen ) {

			return aType;

		} else {

			return bType;

		}

	}

	generateNodeType( builder ) {

		const method = this.method;

		if ( method === SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ELECT ) {

			return 'bool';

		} else if ( method === SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BALLOT ) {

			return 'uvec4';

		} else {

			return this.getInputType( builder );

		}

	}

	generate( builder, output ) {

		const method = this.method;

		const type = this.getNodeType( builder );
		const inputType = this.getInputType( builder );

		const a = this.aNode;
		const b = this.bNode;

		const params = [];

		if (
			method === SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BROADCAST ||
			method === SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE ||
			method === SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_BROADCAST
		) {

			const bType = b.getNodeType( builder );

			params.push(
				a.build( builder, type ),
				b.build( builder, bType === 'float' ? 'int' : type )
			);

		} else if (
			method === SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_XOR ||
			method === SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_DOWN ||
			method === SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_UP
		) {

			params.push(
				a.build( builder, type ),
				b.build( builder, 'uint' )
			);

		} else {

			if ( a !== null ) params.push( a.build( builder, inputType ) );
			if ( b !== null ) params.push( b.build( builder, inputType ) );

		}

		const paramsString = params.length === 0 ? '()' : `( ${params.join( ', ' )} )`;

		return builder.format( `${ builder.getMethod( method, type ) }${paramsString}`, type, output );



	}

	serialize( data ) {

		super.serialize( data );

		data.method = this.method;

	}

	deserialize( data ) {

		super.deserialize( data );

		this.method = data.method;

	}

}

// 0 inputs
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ELECT = 'subgroupElect';

// 1 input
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BALLOT = 'subgroupBallot';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ADD = 'subgroupAdd';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_INCLUSIVE_ADD = 'subgroupInclusiveAdd';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_EXCLUSIVE_AND = 'subgroupExclusiveAdd';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_MUL = 'subgroupMul';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_INCLUSIVE_MUL = 'subgroupInclusiveMul';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_EXCLUSIVE_MUL = 'subgroupExclusiveMul';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_AND = 'subgroupAnd';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_OR = 'subgroupOr';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_XOR = 'subgroupXor';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_MIN = 'subgroupMin';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_MAX = 'subgroupMax';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ALL = 'subgroupAll';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ANY = 'subgroupAny';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BROADCAST_FIRST = 'subgroupBroadcastFirst';
SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_SWAP_X = 'quadSwapX';
SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_SWAP_Y = 'quadSwapY';
SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_SWAP_DIAGONAL = 'quadSwapDiagonal';

// 2 inputs
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BROADCAST = 'subgroupBroadcast';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE = 'subgroupShuffle';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_XOR = 'subgroupShuffleXor';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_UP = 'subgroupShuffleUp';
SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_DOWN = 'subgroupShuffleDown';
SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_BROADCAST = 'quadBroadcast';



/**
 * Returns true if this invocation has the lowest subgroup_invocation_id
 * among active invocations in the subgroup.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @return {bool} The result of the computation.
 */
const subgroupElect = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ELECT ).setParameterLength( 0 );

/**
 * Returns a set of bitfields where the bit corresponding to subgroup_invocation_id
 * is 1 if pred is true for that active invocation and 0 otherwise.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {bool} pred - A boolean that sets the bit corresponding to the invocations subgroup invocation id.
 * @return {vec4<u32>}- A bitfield corresponding to the pred value of each subgroup invocation.
 */
const subgroupBallot = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BALLOT ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * A reduction that adds e among all active invocations and returns that result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the reduction by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The accumulated result of the reduction operation.
 */
const subgroupAdd = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ADD ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * An inclusive scan returning the sum of e for all active invocations with subgroup_invocation_id less than or equal to this invocation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the inclusive scan by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The accumulated result of the inclusive scan operation.
 */
const subgroupInclusiveAdd = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_INCLUSIVE_ADD ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * An exclusive scan that returns the sum of e for all active invocations with subgroup_invocation_id less than this invocation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the exclusive scan by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The accumulated result of the exclusive scan operation.
 */
const subgroupExclusiveAdd = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_EXCLUSIVE_AND ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * A reduction that multiplies e among all active invocations and returns that result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the reduction by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The accumulated result of the reduction operation.
 */
const subgroupMul = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_MUL ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * An inclusive scan returning the product of e for all active invocations with subgroup_invocation_id less than or equal to this invocation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the inclusive scan by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The accumulated result of the inclusive scan operation.
 */
const subgroupInclusiveMul = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_INCLUSIVE_MUL ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * An exclusive scan that returns the product of e for all active invocations with subgroup_invocation_id less than this invocation.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the exclusive scan by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The accumulated result of the exclusive scan operation.
 */
const subgroupExclusiveMul = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_EXCLUSIVE_MUL ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * A reduction that performs a bitwise and of e among all active invocations and returns that result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the reduction by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The result of the reduction operation.
 */
const subgroupAnd = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_AND ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * A reduction that performs a bitwise or of e among all active invocations and returns that result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the reduction by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The result of the reduction operation.
 */
const subgroupOr = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_OR ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * A reduction that performs a bitwise xor of e among all active invocations and returns that result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the reduction by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The result of the reduction operation.
 */
const subgroupXor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_XOR ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * A reduction that performs a min of e among all active invocations and returns that result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the reduction by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The result of the reduction operation.
 */
const subgroupMin = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_MIN ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * A reduction that performs a max of e among all active invocations and returns that result.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value provided to the reduction by the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The result of the reduction operation.
 */
const subgroupMax = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_MAX ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Returns true if e is true for all active invocations in the subgroup.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @return {bool} The result of the computation.
 */
const subgroupAll = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ALL ).setParameterLength( 0 );

/**
 * Returns true if e is true for any active invocation in the subgroup
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @return {bool} The result of the computation.
 */
const subgroupAny = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_ANY ).setParameterLength( 0 );

/**
 * Broadcasts e from the active invocation with the lowest subgroup_invocation_id in the subgroup to all other active invocations.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value to broadcast from the lowest subgroup invocation.
 * @param {number} id - The subgroup invocation to broadcast from.
 * @return {number} The broadcast value.
 */
const subgroupBroadcastFirst = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BROADCAST_FIRST ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Swaps e between invocations in the quad in the X direction.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value to swap from the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The value received from the swap operation.
 */
const quadSwapX = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_SWAP_X ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Swaps e between invocations in the quad in the Y direction.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value to swap from the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The value received from the swap operation.
 */
const quadSwapY = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_SWAP_Y ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Swaps e between invocations in the quad diagonally.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value to swap from the current invocation.
 * @return {number} The value received from the swap operation.
 */
const quadSwapDiagonal = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_SWAP_DIAGONAL ).setParameterLength( 1 );

/**
 * Broadcasts e from the invocation whose subgroup_invocation_id matches id, to all active invocations.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value to broadcast from subgroup invocation 'id'.
 * @param {number} id - The subgroup invocation to broadcast from.
 * @return {number} The broadcast value.
 */
const subgroupBroadcast = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_BROADCAST ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Returns v from the active invocation whose subgroup_invocation_id matches id
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} v - The value to return from subgroup invocation id^mask.
 * @param {number} id - The subgroup invocation which returns the value v.
 * @return {number} The broadcast value.
 */
const subgroupShuffle = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Returns v from the active invocation whose subgroup_invocation_id matches subgroup_invocation_id ^ mask.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} v - The value to return from subgroup invocation id^mask.
 * @param {number} mask - A bitmask that determines the target invocation via a XOR operation.
 * @return {number} The broadcast value.
 */
const subgroupShuffleXor = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_XOR ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Returns v from the active invocation whose subgroup_invocation_id matches subgroup_invocation_id - delta
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} v - The value to return from subgroup invocation id^mask.
 * @param {number} delta - A value that offsets the current in.
 * @return {number} The broadcast value.
 */
const subgroupShuffleUp = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_UP ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Returns v from the active invocation whose subgroup_invocation_id matches subgroup_invocation_id + delta
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} v - The value to return from subgroup invocation id^mask.
 * @param {number} delta - A value that offsets the current subgroup invocation.
 * @return {number} The broadcast value.
 */
const subgroupShuffleDown = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.SUBGROUP_SHUFFLE_DOWN ).setParameterLength( 2 );

/**
 * Broadcasts e from the quad invocation with id equal to id.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @method
 * @param {number} e - The value to broadcast.
 * @return {number} The broadcast value.
 */
const quadBroadcast = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxyIntent( SubgroupFunctionNode, SubgroupFunctionNode.QUAD_BROADCAST ).setParameterLength( 1 );

let uniformsLib;

function getLightData( light ) {

	uniformsLib = uniformsLib || new WeakMap();

	let uniforms = uniformsLib.get( light );

	if ( uniforms === undefined ) uniformsLib.set( light, uniforms = {} );

	return uniforms;

}

/**
 * TSL function for getting a shadow matrix uniform node for the given light.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light -The light source.
 * @returns {UniformNode<mat4>} The shadow matrix uniform node.
 */
function lightShadowMatrix( light ) {

	const data = getLightData( light );

	return data.shadowMatrix || ( data.shadowMatrix = uniform( 'mat4' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( frame ) => {

		// normally, shadow matrices are updated in ShadowNode. However, if the shadow matrix is used outside
		// of shadow rendering (like in ProjectorLightNode), the shadow matrix still requires an update

		if ( light.castShadow !== true || frame.renderer.shadowMap.enabled === false ) {

			if ( light.shadow.camera.coordinateSystem !== frame.camera.coordinateSystem ) {

				light.shadow.camera.coordinateSystem = frame.camera.coordinateSystem;
				light.shadow.camera.updateProjectionMatrix();

			}

			light.shadow.updateMatrices( light );

		}

		return light.shadow.matrix;

	} ) );

}

/**
 * TSL function for getting projected uv coordinates for the given light.
 * Relevant when using maps with spot lights.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light -The light source.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} [position=positionWorld] -The position to project.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The projected uvs.
 */
function lightProjectionUV( light, position = positionWorld ) {

	const spotLightCoord = lightShadowMatrix( light ).mul( position );
	const projectionUV = spotLightCoord.xyz.div( spotLightCoord.w );

	return projectionUV;

}

/**
 * TSL function for getting the position in world space for the given light.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light -The light source.
 * @returns {UniformNode<vec3>} The light's position in world space.
 */
function lightPosition( light ) {

	const data = getLightData( light );

	return data.position || ( data.position = uniform( new Vector3() ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( _, self ) => self.value.setFromMatrixPosition( light.matrixWorld ) ) );

}

/**
 * TSL function for getting the light target position in world space for the given light.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light -The light source.
 * @returns {UniformNode<vec3>} The light target position in world space.
 */
function lightTargetPosition( light ) {

	const data = getLightData( light );

	return data.targetPosition || ( data.targetPosition = uniform( new Vector3() ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( _, self ) => self.value.setFromMatrixPosition( light.target.matrixWorld ) ) );

}

/**
 * TSL function for getting the position in view space for the given light.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light - The light source.
 * @returns {UniformNode<vec3>} The light's position in view space.
 */
function lightViewPosition( light ) {

	const data = getLightData( light );

	return data.viewPosition || ( data.viewPosition = uniform( new Vector3() ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( ( { camera }, self ) => {

		self.value = self.value || new Vector3();
		self.value.setFromMatrixPosition( light.matrixWorld );

		self.value.applyMatrix4( camera.matrixWorldInverse );

	} ) );

}

/**
 * TSL function for getting the light target direction for the given light.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light -The light source.
 * @returns {Node<vec3>} The light's target direction.
 */
const lightTargetDirection = ( light ) => cameraViewMatrix.transformDirection( lightPosition( light ).sub( lightTargetPosition( light ) ) );

/**
 * A node representing the total diffuse light.
 *
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const totalDiffuse = property( 'vec3', 'totalDiffuse' );

/**
 * A node representing the total specular light.
 *
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const totalSpecular = property( 'vec3', 'totalSpecular' );

/**
 * A node representing the outgoing light.
 *
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const outgoingLight = property( 'vec3', 'outgoingLight' );

/**
 * Sorts an array of lights in ascending order by their IDs.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array<Light>} lights - The array of lights to sort.
 * @return {Array<Light>} The sorted array of lights.
 */
const sortLights = ( lights ) => {

	return lights.sort( ( a, b ) => a.id - b.id );

};

/**
 * Finds and returns a lighting node associated with a specific light ID.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {number} id - The ID of the light to search for.
 * @param {Array<LightingNode>} lightNodes - The array of lighting nodes to search within.
 * @return {?LightingNode} The matching lighting node, or null if not found.
 */
const getLightNodeById = ( id, lightNodes ) => {

	for ( const lightNode of lightNodes ) {

		if ( lightNode.isAnalyticLightNode && lightNode.light.id === id ) {

			return lightNode;

		}

	}

	return null;

};

/**
 * WeakMap cache mapping light objects to their corresponding lighting node instances.
 *
 * @private
 * @type {WeakMap<Light, LightingNode>}
 */
const _lightsNodeRef = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * Array used to temporarily store light IDs and shadow casting states for hashing.
 *
 * @private
 * @type {Array<number>}
 */
const _hashData = [];

/**
 * This node represents the scene's lighting and manages the lighting model's life cycle
 * for the current build 3D object. It is responsible for computing the total outgoing
 * light in a given lighting context.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class LightsNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'LightsNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new lights node.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super( 'vec3' );

		/**
		 * A node representing the total diffuse light.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec3>}
		 */
		this.totalDiffuseNode = totalDiffuse;

		/**
		 * A node representing the total specular light.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec3>}
		 */
		this.totalSpecularNode = totalSpecular;

		/**
		 * A node representing the outgoing light.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec3>}
		 */
		this.outgoingLightNode = outgoingLight;

		/**
		 * An array representing the lights in the scene.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<Light>}
		 */
		this._lights = [];

		/**
		 * `LightsNode` sets this property to `true` by default.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.global = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default {@link Node#customCacheKey} implementation by including
	 * light data into the cache key.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The custom cache key.
	 */
	customCacheKey() {

		const builtinLights = this.getBuiltinLights();

		for ( let i = 0; i < builtinLights.length; i ++ ) {

			const light = builtinLights[ i ];

			_hashData.push( light.id );
			_hashData.push( light.castShadow ? 1 : 0 );

			if ( light.isSpotLight === true ) {

				const hashMap = ( light.map !== null ) ? light.map.id : -1;
				const hashColorNode = ( light.colorNode ) ? light.colorNode.getCacheKey() : -1;

				_hashData.push( hashMap, hashColorNode );

			}

		}

		const cacheKey = hashArray( _hashData );

		_hashData.length = 0;

		return cacheKey;

	}

	/**
	 * Computes a hash value for identifying the current light nodes setup.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {string} The computed hash.
	 */
	getHash( builder ) {

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		if ( nodeData.lightNodesHash === undefined ) {

			const lightNodes = this.setupLightsNode( builder );

			nodeData.lightNodes = lightNodes;

			const hash = [];

			for ( const lightNode of lightNodes ) {

				hash.push( lightNode.getHash() );

			}

			nodeData.lightNodesHash = 'lights-' + hash.join( ',' );

		}

		return nodeData.lightNodesHash;

	}

	/**
	 * Analyzes the node's dependencies by building all nested light nodes
	 * and the output node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 */
	analyze( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		for ( const node of properties.nodes ) {

			node.build( builder );

		}

		properties.outputNode.build( builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates lighting nodes for each scene light. This makes it possible to further
	 * process lights in the node system.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {Array<LightingNode>} The array of lighting nodes.
	 */
	setupLightsNode( builder ) {

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );
		const lightNodes = [];

		const previousLightNodes = nodeData.lightNodes || null;
		const materialLightings = builder.context.materialLightings;

		const builtinLights = this.getBuiltinLights();

		const lights = sortLights( [ ...materialLightings, ...builtinLights ] );
		const nodeLibrary = builder.renderer.library;

		for ( const light of lights ) {

			if ( light.isNode ) {

				lightNodes.push( light );

			} else {

				let lightNode = null;

				if ( previousLightNodes !== null ) {

					lightNode = getLightNodeById( light.id, previousLightNodes );

				}

				if ( lightNode === null ) {

					const lightNodeClass = nodeLibrary.getLightNodeClass( light.constructor );

					if ( lightNodeClass === null ) {

						warn( `LightsNode.setupNodeLights: Light node not found for ${ light.constructor.name }` );
						continue;

					}

					if ( _lightsNodeRef.has( light ) === false ) {

						_lightsNodeRef.set( light, new lightNodeClass( light ) );

					}

					lightNode = _lightsNodeRef.get( light );

				}

				lightNodes.push( lightNode );

			}

		}

		return lightNodes;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets up a direct light in the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} builder - The builder object containing the context and stack.
	 * @param {Object} lightNode - The light node.
	 * @param {Object} lightData - The light object containing color and direction properties.
	 */
	setupDirectLight( builder, lightNode, lightData ) {

		const { lightingModel, reflectedLight } = builder.context;

		lightingModel.direct( {
			...lightData,
			lightNode,
			reflectedLight
		}, builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets up a direct rect area light in the lighting model.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} builder - The builder object containing the context and stack.
	 * @param {Object} lightNode - The light node.
	 * @param {Object} lightData - The light object containing color and area light properties.
	 */
	setupDirectRectAreaLight( builder, lightNode, lightData ) {

		const { lightingModel, reflectedLight } = builder.context;

		lightingModel.directRectArea( {
			...lightData,
			lightNode,
			reflectedLight
		}, builder );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the internal lights by building all respective
	 * light nodes.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @param {Array<LightingNode>} lightNodes - An array of lighting nodes.
	 */
	setupLights( builder, lightNodes ) {

		for ( const lightNode of lightNodes ) {

			lightNode.build( builder );

		}

	}

	getLightNodes( builder ) {

		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );

		if ( nodeData.lightNodes === undefined ) {

			nodeData.lightNodes = this.setupLightsNode( builder );

		}

		return nodeData.lightNodes;

	}

	/**
	 * The implementation makes sure that for each light in the scene
	 * there is a corresponding light node. By building the light nodes
	 * and evaluating the lighting model the outgoing light is computed.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} A node representing the outgoing light.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		const currentLightsNode = builder.lightsNode;

		builder.lightsNode = this;

		let outgoingLightNode = this.outgoingLightNode;

		const context = builder.context;
		const lightingModel = context.lightingModel;

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );

		if ( lightingModel ) {

			const { totalDiffuseNode, totalSpecularNode } = this;

			context.outgoingLight = outgoingLightNode;

			const stack = builder.addStack();

			properties.nodes = stack.nodes;

			lightingModel.start( builder );

			const { backdrop, backdropAlpha } = context;
			const { directDiffuse, directSpecular, indirectDiffuse, indirectSpecular } = context.reflectedLight;

			let totalDiffuse = directDiffuse.add( indirectDiffuse );

			if ( backdrop !== null ) {

				if ( backdropAlpha !== null ) {

					totalDiffuse = vec3( backdropAlpha.mix( totalDiffuse, backdrop ) );

				} else {

					totalDiffuse = vec3( backdrop );

				}

			}

			totalDiffuseNode.assign( totalDiffuse );
			totalSpecularNode.assign( directSpecular.add( indirectSpecular ) );

			outgoingLightNode.assign( totalDiffuseNode.add( totalSpecularNode ) );

			lightingModel.finish( builder );

			outgoingLightNode = outgoingLightNode.bypass( builder.removeStack() );

		} else {

			properties.nodes = [];

		}

		builder.lightsNode = currentLightsNode;

		return outgoingLightNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Configures this node with an array of lights.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Light>} lights - An array of lights.
	 * @return {LightsNode} A reference to this node.
	 */
	setLights( lights ) {

		this._lights = lights;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array of the scene's lights.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<Light>} The scene's lights.
	 */
	getLights() {

		return this._lights;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array of the scene's lights.
	 *
	 * The light variations are shader-dependent;
	 * if this array changes, the shader needs to be recreated.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<Light>} The scene's lights.
	 */
	getBuiltinLights() {

		return this._lights;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the scene has lights or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 */
	get hasLights() {

		return this._lights.length > 0;

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an instance of `LightsNode` and configuring
 * it with the given array of lights.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Array<Light>} lights - An array of lights.
 * @return {LightsNode} The created lights node.
 */
const lights = ( lights = [] ) => new LightsNode().setLights( lights );

/**
 * Base class for all shadow nodes.
 *
 * Shadow nodes encapsulate shadow related logic and are always coupled to lighting nodes.
 * Lighting nodes might share the same shadow node type or use specific ones depending on
 * their requirements.
 *
 * @augments Node
 */
class ShadowBaseNode extends Node {

	static get type() {

		return 'ShadowBaseNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new shadow base node.
	 *
	 * @param {Light} light - The shadow casting light.
	 */
	constructor( light ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The shadow casting light.
		 *
		 * @type {Light}
		 */
		this.light = light;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since shadows are updated by default per render.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateBeforeType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isShadowBaseNode = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the shadow position node which is by default the predefined TSL node object `shadowPositionWorld`.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} object - A configuration object that must at least hold a material reference.
	 */
	setupShadowPosition( { context, material } ) {

		// Use assign inside an Fn()

		shadowPositionWorld.assign( material.receivedShadowPositionNode || context.shadowPositionWorld || positionWorld );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL object that represents the vertex position in world space during the shadow pass.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @type {Node<vec3>}
 */
const shadowPositionWorld = /*@__PURE__*/ property( 'vec3', 'shadowPositionWorld' );

/**
 * Saves the state of the given renderer and stores it into the given state object.
 *
 * If not state object is provided, the function creates one.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {Object} [state={}] - The state.
 * @return {Object} The state.
 */
function saveRendererState( renderer, state = {} ) {

	state.toneMapping = renderer.toneMapping;
	state.toneMappingExposure = renderer.toneMappingExposure;
	state.outputColorSpace = renderer.outputColorSpace;
	state.renderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();
	state.activeCubeFace = renderer.getActiveCubeFace();
	state.activeMipmapLevel = renderer.getActiveMipmapLevel();
	state.renderObjectFunction = renderer.getRenderObjectFunction();
	state.pixelRatio = renderer.getPixelRatio();
	state.mrt = renderer.getMRT();
	state.clearColor = renderer.getClearColor( state.clearColor || new Color() );
	state.clearAlpha = renderer.getClearAlpha();
	state.autoClear = renderer.autoClear;
	state.scissorTest = renderer.getScissorTest();

	return state;

}

/**
 * Saves the state of the given renderer and stores it into the given state object.
 * Besides, the function also resets the state of the renderer to its default values.
 *
 * If not state object is provided, the function creates one.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {Object} [state={}] - The state.
 * @return {Object} The state.
 */
function resetRendererState( renderer, state ) {

	state = saveRendererState( renderer, state );

	renderer.setMRT( null );
	renderer.setRenderObjectFunction( null );
	renderer.setClearColor( 0x000000, 1 );
	renderer.autoClear = true;

	return state;

}

/**
 * Restores the state of the given renderer from the given state object.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {Object} state - The state to restore.
 */
function restoreRendererState( renderer, state ) {

	renderer.toneMapping = state.toneMapping;
	renderer.toneMappingExposure = state.toneMappingExposure;
	renderer.outputColorSpace = state.outputColorSpace;
	renderer.setRenderTarget( state.renderTarget, state.activeCubeFace, state.activeMipmapLevel );
	renderer.setRenderObjectFunction( state.renderObjectFunction );
	renderer.setPixelRatio( state.pixelRatio );
	renderer.setMRT( state.mrt );
	renderer.setClearColor( state.clearColor, state.clearAlpha );
	renderer.autoClear = state.autoClear;
	renderer.setScissorTest( state.scissorTest );

}

/**
 * Saves the state of the given scene and stores it into the given state object.
 *
 * If not state object is provided, the function creates one.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
 * @param {Object} [state={}] - The state.
 * @return {Object} The state.
 */
function saveSceneState( scene, state = {} ) {

	state.background = scene.background;
	state.backgroundNode = scene.backgroundNode;
	state.overrideMaterial = scene.overrideMaterial;

	return state;

}

/**
 * Saves the state of the given scene and stores it into the given state object.
 * Besides, the function also resets the state of the scene to its default values.
 *
 * If not state object is provided, the function creates one.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
 * @param {Object} [state={}] - The state.
 * @return {Object} The state.
 */
function resetSceneState( scene, state ) {

	state = saveSceneState( scene, state );

	scene.background = null;
	scene.backgroundNode = null;
	scene.overrideMaterial = null;

	return state;

}

/**
 * Restores the state of the given scene from the given state object.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
 * @param {Object} state - The state to restore.
 */
function restoreSceneState( scene, state ) {

	scene.background = state.background;
	scene.backgroundNode = state.backgroundNode;
	scene.overrideMaterial = state.overrideMaterial;

}

/**
 * Saves the state of the given renderer and scene and stores it into the given state object.
 *
 * If not state object is provided, the function creates one.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
 * @param {Object} [state={}] - The state.
 * @return {Object} The state.
 */
function saveRendererAndSceneState( renderer, scene, state = {} ) {

	state = saveRendererState( renderer, state );
	state = saveSceneState( scene, state );

	return state;

}

/**
 * Saves the state of the given renderer and scene and stores it into the given state object.
 * Besides, the function also resets the state of the renderer and scene to its default values.
 *
 * If not state object is provided, the function creates one.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
 * @param {Object} [state={}] - The state.
 * @return {Object} The state.
 */
function resetRendererAndSceneState( renderer, scene, state ) {

	state = resetRendererState( renderer, state );
	state = resetSceneState( scene, state );

	return state;

}

/**
 * Restores the state of the given renderer and scene from the given state object.
 *
 * @private
 * @function
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
 * @param {Object} state - The state to restore.
 */
function restoreRendererAndSceneState( renderer, scene, state ) {

	restoreRendererState( renderer, state );
	restoreSceneState( scene, state );

}

var RendererUtils = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
	__proto__: null,
	resetRendererAndSceneState: resetRendererAndSceneState,
	resetRendererState: resetRendererState,
	resetSceneState: resetSceneState,
	restoreRendererAndSceneState: restoreRendererAndSceneState,
	restoreRendererState: restoreRendererState,
	restoreSceneState: restoreSceneState,
	saveRendererAndSceneState: saveRendererAndSceneState,
	saveRendererState: saveRendererState,
	saveSceneState: saveSceneState
});

const shadowMaterialLib = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * A shadow filtering function performing basic filtering. This is in fact an unfiltered version of the shadow map
 * with a binary `[0,1]` result.
 *
 * @method
 * @param {Object} inputs - The input parameter object.
 * @param {DepthTexture} inputs.depthTexture - A reference to the shadow map's texture data.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.shadowCoord - The shadow coordinates.
 * @return {Node<float>} The filtering result.
 */
const BasicShadowFilter = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { depthTexture, shadowCoord, depthLayer } ) => {

	let basic = texture( depthTexture, shadowCoord.xy ).setName( 't_basic' );

	if ( depthTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

		basic = basic.depth( depthLayer );

	}

	return basic.compare( shadowCoord.z );

} );

/**
 * A shadow filtering function performing PCF filtering with Vogel disk sampling and IGN.
 *
 * Uses 5 samples distributed via Vogel disk pattern, rotated per-pixel using Interleaved
 * Gradient Noise (IGN) to break up banding artifacts. Combined with hardware PCF (4-tap
 * filtering per sample), this effectively provides 20 filtered taps with better distribution.
 *
 * @method
 * @param {Object} inputs - The input parameter object.
 * @param {DepthTexture} inputs.depthTexture - A reference to the shadow map's texture data.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.shadowCoord - The shadow coordinates.
 * @param {LightShadow} inputs.shadow - The light shadow.
 * @return {Node<float>} The filtering result.
 */
const PCFShadowFilter = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { depthTexture, shadowCoord, shadow, depthLayer } ) => {

	const depthCompare = ( uv, compare ) => {

		let depth = texture( depthTexture, uv );

		if ( depthTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

			depth = depth.depth( depthLayer );

		}

		return depth.compare( compare );

	};

	const mapSize = reference( 'mapSize', 'vec2', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );
	const radius = reference( 'radius', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );

	const texelSize = vec2( 1 ).div( mapSize );
	const radiusScaled = radius.mul( texelSize.x );

	// Use IGN to rotate sampling pattern per pixel (phi = IGN * 2π)
	const phi = interleavedGradientNoise( screenCoordinate.xy ).mul( 6.28318530718 );

	// 5 samples using Vogel disk distribution
	return add(
		depthCompare( shadowCoord.xy.add( vogelDiskSample( 0, 5, phi ).mul( radiusScaled ) ), shadowCoord.z ),
		depthCompare( shadowCoord.xy.add( vogelDiskSample( 1, 5, phi ).mul( radiusScaled ) ), shadowCoord.z ),
		depthCompare( shadowCoord.xy.add( vogelDiskSample( 2, 5, phi ).mul( radiusScaled ) ), shadowCoord.z ),
		depthCompare( shadowCoord.xy.add( vogelDiskSample( 3, 5, phi ).mul( radiusScaled ) ), shadowCoord.z ),
		depthCompare( shadowCoord.xy.add( vogelDiskSample( 4, 5, phi ).mul( radiusScaled ) ), shadowCoord.z )
	).mul( 1 / 5 );

} );

/**
 * A shadow filtering function performing VSM filtering.
 *
 * @method
 * @param {Object} inputs - The input parameter object.
 * @param {DepthTexture} inputs.depthTexture - A reference to the shadow map's texture data.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.shadowCoord - The shadow coordinates.
 * @return {Node<float>} The filtering result.
 */
const VSMShadowFilter = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { depthTexture, shadowCoord, depthLayer }, builder ) => {

	let distribution = texture( depthTexture ).sample( shadowCoord.xy );

	if ( depthTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

		distribution = distribution.depth( depthLayer );

	}

	distribution = distribution.rg;

	const mean = distribution.x;
	const variance = max$1( 0.0000001, distribution.y.mul( distribution.y ) );

	const hardShadow = ( builder.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer ) ? step( mean, shadowCoord.z ) : step( shadowCoord.z, mean );

	const output = float( 1 ).toVar(); // default, fully lit

	If( hardShadow.notEqual( 1.0 ), () => {

		// Distance from mean
		const d = shadowCoord.z.sub( mean );

		// Chebyshev's inequality for upper bound on probability
		let p_max = variance.div( variance.add( d.mul( d ) ) );

		// Reduce light bleeding by remapping [amount, 1] to [0, 1]
		p_max = clamp( sub( p_max, 0.3 ).div( 0.65 ) );

		output.assign( max$1( hardShadow, p_max ) );

	} );
	return output;

} );

/**
 * Retrieves or creates a shadow material for the given light source.
 *
 * This function checks if a shadow material already exists for the provided light.
 * If not, it creates a new `NodeMaterial` configured for shadow rendering and stores it
 * in the `shadowMaterialLib` for future use.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light - The light source for which the shadow material is needed.
 *                         If the light is a point light, a depth node is calculated
 *                         using the linear shadow distance.
 * @returns {NodeMaterial} The shadow material associated with the given light.
 */
const getShadowMaterial = ( light ) => {

	let material = shadowMaterialLib.get( light );

	if ( material === undefined ) {

		material = new NodeMaterial();
		material.colorNode = vec4( 0, 0, 0, 1 );
		material.isShadowPassMaterial = true; // Use to avoid other overrideMaterial override material.colorNode unintentionally when using material.shadowNode
		material.name = 'ShadowMaterial';
		material.blending = NoBlending;
		material.fog = false;

		shadowMaterialLib.set( light, material );

	}

	return material;

};

/**
 * Disposes the shadow material for the given light source.
 *
 * @param {Light} light - The light source.
 */
const disposeShadowMaterial = ( light ) => {

	const material = shadowMaterialLib.get( light );

	if ( material !== undefined ) {

		material.dispose();
		shadowMaterialLib.delete( light );

	}

};

//

const _shadowRenderObjectLibrary = /*@__PURE__*/ new ChainMap();
const _shadowRenderObjectKeys = [];

/**
 * Creates a function to render shadow objects in a scene.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
 * @param {LightShadow} shadow - The light shadow object containing shadow properties.
 * @param {number} shadowType - The type of shadow map (e.g., BasicShadowMap).
 * @param {boolean} useVelocity - Whether to use velocity data for rendering.
 * @return {shadowRenderObjectFunction} A function that renders shadow objects.
 */
const getShadowRenderObjectFunction = ( renderer, shadow, shadowType, useVelocity ) => {

	_shadowRenderObjectKeys[ 0 ] = renderer;
	_shadowRenderObjectKeys[ 1 ] = shadow;

	let renderObjectFunction = _shadowRenderObjectLibrary.get( _shadowRenderObjectKeys );

	if ( renderObjectFunction === undefined || ( renderObjectFunction.shadowType !== shadowType || renderObjectFunction.useVelocity !== useVelocity ) ) {

		renderObjectFunction = ( object, scene, _camera, geometry, material, group, lightsNode, clippingContext, passId ) => {

			if ( object.castShadow === true || ( object.receiveShadow && shadowType === VSMShadowMap ) ) {

				if ( useVelocity ) {

					getDataFromObject( object ).useVelocity = true;

				}

				object.onBeforeShadow( renderer, object, _camera, shadow.camera, geometry, scene.overrideMaterial, group );

				renderer.renderObject( object, scene, _camera, geometry, material, group, lightsNode, clippingContext, passId );

				object.onAfterShadow( renderer, object, _camera, shadow.camera, geometry, scene.overrideMaterial, group );

			}

		};

		renderObjectFunction.shadowType = shadowType;
		renderObjectFunction.useVelocity = useVelocity;

		_shadowRenderObjectLibrary.set( _shadowRenderObjectKeys, renderObjectFunction );

	}

	_shadowRenderObjectKeys[ 0 ] = null;
	_shadowRenderObjectKeys[ 1 ] = null;

	return renderObjectFunction;

};

/**
 * Represents the shader code for the first VSM render pass.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {Object} inputs - The input parameter object.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.samples - The number of samples
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.radius - The radius.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.size - The size.
 * @param {TextureNode} inputs.shadowPass - A reference to the render target's depth data.
 * @return {Node<vec2>} The VSM output.
 */
const VSMPassVertical = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { samples, radius, size, shadowPass, depthLayer } ) => {

	const mean = float( 0 ).toVar( 'meanVertical' );
	const squaredMean = float( 0 ).toVar( 'squareMeanVertical' );

	const uvStride = samples.lessThanEqual( float( 1 ) ).select( float( 0 ), float( 2 ).div( samples.sub( 1 ) ) );
	const uvStart = samples.lessThanEqual( float( 1 ) ).select( float( 0 ), float( -1 ) );

	Loop( { start: int( 0 ), end: int( samples ), type: 'int', condition: '<' }, ( { i } ) => {

		const uvOffset = uvStart.add( float( i ).mul( uvStride ) );

		let depth = shadowPass.sample( add( screenCoordinate.xy, vec2( 0, uvOffset ).mul( radius ) ).div( size ) );

		if ( shadowPass.value.isArrayTexture ) {

			depth = depth.depth( depthLayer );

		}

		depth = depth.x;

		mean.addAssign( depth );
		squaredMean.addAssign( depth.mul( depth ) );

	} );

	mean.divAssign( samples );
	squaredMean.divAssign( samples );

	const std_dev = sqrt( squaredMean.sub( mean.mul( mean ) ).max( 0 ) );
	return vec2( mean, std_dev );

} );

/**
 * Represents the shader code for the second VSM render pass.
 *
 * @private
 * @method
 * @param {Object} inputs - The input parameter object.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.samples - The number of samples
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.radius - The radius.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.size - The size.
 * @param {TextureNode} inputs.shadowPass - The result of the first VSM render pass.
 * @return {Node<vec2>} The VSM output.
 */
const VSMPassHorizontal = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { samples, radius, size, shadowPass, depthLayer } ) => {

	const mean = float( 0 ).toVar( 'meanHorizontal' );
	const squaredMean = float( 0 ).toVar( 'squareMeanHorizontal' );

	const uvStride = samples.lessThanEqual( float( 1 ) ).select( float( 0 ), float( 2 ).div( samples.sub( 1 ) ) );
	const uvStart = samples.lessThanEqual( float( 1 ) ).select( float( 0 ), float( -1 ) );

	Loop( { start: int( 0 ), end: int( samples ), type: 'int', condition: '<' }, ( { i } ) => {

		const uvOffset = uvStart.add( float( i ).mul( uvStride ) );

		let distribution = shadowPass.sample( add( screenCoordinate.xy, vec2( uvOffset, 0 ).mul( radius ) ).div( size ) );

		if ( shadowPass.value.isArrayTexture ) {

			distribution = distribution.depth( depthLayer );

		}

		mean.addAssign( distribution.x );
		squaredMean.addAssign( add( distribution.y.mul( distribution.y ), distribution.x.mul( distribution.x ) ) );

	} );

	mean.divAssign( samples );
	squaredMean.divAssign( samples );

	const std_dev = sqrt( squaredMean.sub( mean.mul( mean ) ).max( 0 ) );
	return vec2( mean, std_dev );

} );

const _shadowFilterLib = [ BasicShadowFilter, PCFShadowFilter, null /* PCFSoftShadowMap, removed */, VSMShadowFilter ];

//

let _rendererState;
const _quadMesh = /*@__PURE__*/ new QuadMesh();

/**
 * Represents the default shadow implementation for lighting nodes.
 *
 * @augments ShadowBaseNode
 */
class ShadowNode extends ShadowBaseNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ShadowNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new shadow node.
	 *
	 * @param {Light} light - The shadow casting light.
	 * @param {?LightShadow} [shadow=null] - An optional light shadow.
	 */
	constructor( light, shadow = null ) {

		super( light );

		/**
		 * The light shadow which defines the properties light's
		 * shadow.
		 *
		 * @type {?LightShadow}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.shadow = shadow || light.shadow;

		/**
		 * A reference to the shadow map which is a render target.
		 *
		 * @type {?RenderTarget}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.shadowMap = null;

		/**
		 * Only relevant for VSM shadows. Render target for the
		 * first VSM render pass.
		 *
		 * @type {?RenderTarget}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.vsmShadowMapVertical = null;

		/**
		 * Only relevant for VSM shadows. Render target for the
		 * second VSM render pass.
		 *
		 * @type {?RenderTarget}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal = null;

		/**
		 * Only relevant for VSM shadows. Node material which
		 * is used to render the first VSM pass.
		 *
		 * @type {?NodeMaterial}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.vsmMaterialVertical = null;

		/**
		 * Only relevant for VSM shadows. Node material which
		 * is used to render the second VSM pass.
		 *
		 * @type {?NodeMaterial}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.vsmMaterialHorizontal = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the output node which defines the
		 * final result of this shadow node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @private
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._node = null;

		/**
		 * The current shadow map type of this shadow node.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @private
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentShadowType = null;

		/**
		 * A Weak Map holding the current frame ID per camera. Used
		 * to control the update of shadow maps.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Camera,number>}
		 * @private
		 */
		this._cameraFrameId = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isShadowNode = true;

		/**
		 * This index can be used when overriding setupRenderTarget with a RenderTarget Array to specify the depth layer.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.depthLayer = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the shadow filtering.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @param {Object} inputs - A configuration object that defines the shadow filtering.
	 * @param {Function} inputs.filterFn - This function defines the filtering type of the shadow map e.g. PCF.
	 * @param {DepthTexture} inputs.depthTexture - A reference to the shadow map's texture data.
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.shadowCoord - Shadow coordinates which are used to sample from the shadow map.
	 * @param {LightShadow} inputs.shadow - The light shadow.
	 * @return {Node<float>} The result node of the shadow filtering.
	 */
	setupShadowFilter( builder, { filterFn, depthTexture, shadowCoord, shadow, depthLayer } ) {

		const frustumTest = shadowCoord.x.greaterThanEqual( 0 )
			.and( shadowCoord.x.lessThanEqual( 1 ) )
			.and( shadowCoord.y.greaterThanEqual( 0 ) )
			.and( shadowCoord.y.lessThanEqual( 1 ) )
			.and( shadowCoord.z.lessThanEqual( 1 ) );

		const shadowNode = filterFn( { depthTexture, shadowCoord, shadow, depthLayer } );

		return frustumTest.select( shadowNode, float( 1 ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the shadow coordinates.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} shadowPosition - A node representing the shadow position.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The shadow coordinates.
	 */
	setupShadowCoord( builder, shadowPosition ) {

		const { shadow } = this;
		const { renderer } = builder;

		const bias = shadow.biasNode || reference( 'bias', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		let shadowCoord = shadowPosition;
		let coordZ;

		if ( shadow.camera.isOrthographicCamera || renderer.logarithmicDepthBuffer !== true ) {

			shadowCoord = shadowCoord.xyz.div( shadowCoord.w );

			coordZ = shadowCoord.z;

		} else {

			const w = shadowCoord.w;
			shadowCoord = shadowCoord.xy.div( w ); // <-- Only divide X/Y coords since we don't need Z

			// The normally available "cameraNear" and "cameraFar" nodes cannot be used here because they do not get
			// updated to use the shadow camera. So, we have to declare our own "local" ones here.
			// TODO: How do we get the cameraNear/cameraFar nodes to use the shadow camera so we don't have to declare local ones here?
			const cameraNearLocal = reference( 'near', 'float', shadow.camera ).setGroup( renderGroup );
			const cameraFarLocal = reference( 'far', 'float', shadow.camera ).setGroup( renderGroup );

			coordZ = viewZToLogarithmicDepth( w.negate(), cameraNearLocal, cameraFarLocal );

		}

		shadowCoord = vec3(
			shadowCoord.x,
			shadowCoord.y.oneMinus(), // follow webgpu standards
			renderer.reversedDepthBuffer ? coordZ.sub( bias ) : coordZ.add( bias )
		);

		return shadowCoord;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the shadow filtering function for the given shadow type.
	 *
	 * @param {number} type - The shadow type.
	 * @return {Function} The filtering function.
	 */
	getShadowFilterFn( type ) {

		return _shadowFilterLib[ type ];

	}


	setupRenderTarget( shadow, builder ) {

		const depthTexture = new DepthTexture( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height );
		depthTexture.name = 'ShadowDepthTexture';
		depthTexture.compareFunction = builder.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer ? GreaterEqualCompare : LessEqualCompare;

		const shadowMap = builder.createRenderTarget( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height );
		shadowMap.texture.name = 'ShadowMap';
		shadowMap.texture.type = shadow.mapType;
		shadowMap.depthTexture = depthTexture;

		return { shadowMap, depthTexture };

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the shadow output node.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The shadow output node.
	 */
	setupShadow( builder ) {

		const { renderer, camera } = builder;

		const { light, shadow } = this;

		const { depthTexture, shadowMap } = this.setupRenderTarget( shadow, builder );

		const shadowMapType = renderer.shadowMap.type;
		const hasTextureCompare = renderer.hasCompatibility( Compatibility.TEXTURE_COMPARE );

		if ( shadowMapType === PCFShadowMap && hasTextureCompare ) {

			depthTexture.minFilter = LinearFilter;
			depthTexture.magFilter = LinearFilter;

		} else {

			depthTexture.minFilter = NearestFilter;
			depthTexture.magFilter = NearestFilter;

		}

		shadow.camera.coordinateSystem = camera.coordinateSystem;
		shadow.camera.updateProjectionMatrix();

		// VSM

		if ( shadowMapType === VSMShadowMap && shadow.isPointLightShadow !== true ) {

			depthTexture.compareFunction = null; // VSM does not use textureSampleCompare()/texture2DCompare()

			if ( shadowMap.depth > 1 ) {

				if ( ! shadowMap._vsmShadowMapVertical ) {

					shadowMap._vsmShadowMapVertical = builder.createRenderTarget( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height, { format: RGFormat, type: HalfFloatType, depth: shadowMap.depth, depthBuffer: false } );
					shadowMap._vsmShadowMapVertical.texture.name = 'VSMVertical';

				}

				this.vsmShadowMapVertical = shadowMap._vsmShadowMapVertical;

				if ( ! shadowMap._vsmShadowMapHorizontal ) {

					shadowMap._vsmShadowMapHorizontal = builder.createRenderTarget( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height, { format: RGFormat, type: HalfFloatType, depth: shadowMap.depth, depthBuffer: false } );
					shadowMap._vsmShadowMapHorizontal.texture.name = 'VSMHorizontal';

				}

				this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal = shadowMap._vsmShadowMapHorizontal;

			} else {

				this.vsmShadowMapVertical = builder.createRenderTarget( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height, { format: RGFormat, type: HalfFloatType, depthBuffer: false } );
				this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal = builder.createRenderTarget( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height, { format: RGFormat, type: HalfFloatType, depthBuffer: false } );

			}


			let shadowPassVertical = texture( depthTexture );

			if ( depthTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

				shadowPassVertical = shadowPassVertical.depth( this.depthLayer );

			}

			let shadowPassHorizontal = texture( this.vsmShadowMapVertical.texture );

			if ( depthTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

				shadowPassHorizontal = shadowPassHorizontal.depth( this.depthLayer );

			}

			const samples = reference( 'blurSamples', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );
			const radius = reference( 'radius', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );
			const size = reference( 'mapSize', 'vec2', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );

			let material = this.vsmMaterialVertical || ( this.vsmMaterialVertical = new NodeMaterial() );
			material.fragmentNode = VSMPassVertical( { samples, radius, size, shadowPass: shadowPassVertical, depthLayer: this.depthLayer } ).context( builder.getSharedContext() );
			material.name = 'VSMVertical';

			material = this.vsmMaterialHorizontal || ( this.vsmMaterialHorizontal = new NodeMaterial() );
			material.fragmentNode = VSMPassHorizontal( { samples, radius, size, shadowPass: shadowPassHorizontal, depthLayer: this.depthLayer } ).context( builder.getSharedContext() );
			material.name = 'VSMHorizontal';

		}

		//

		const shadowIntensity = reference( 'intensity', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );
		const normalBias = reference( 'normalBias', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		const shadowMatrix = lightShadowMatrix( light );
		const shadowNormalBias = normalWorld.mul( normalBias );

		let shadowPosition;

		if ( ! renderer.highPrecision || builder.material.receivedShadowPositionNode || builder.context.shadowPositionWorld ) {

			shadowPosition = shadowMatrix.mul( shadowPositionWorld.add( shadowNormalBias ) );

		} else {

			const highpShadowModelMatrix = uniform( 'mat4' ).onObjectUpdate( ( { object }, self ) => {

				return self.value.multiplyMatrices( shadowMatrix.value, object.matrixWorld );

			} );

			shadowPosition = highpShadowModelMatrix.mul( positionLocal ).add( shadowMatrix.mul( vec4( shadowNormalBias, 0 ) ) );

		}

		const shadowCoord = this.setupShadowCoord( builder, shadowPosition );

		//

		const filterFn = shadow.filterNode || this.getShadowFilterFn( renderer.shadowMap.type ) || null;

		if ( filterFn === null ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGPURenderer: Shadow map type not supported yet.' );

		}

		const shadowDepthTexture = ( shadowMapType === VSMShadowMap && shadow.isPointLightShadow !== true ) ? this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal.texture : depthTexture;

		const shadowNode = this.setupShadowFilter( builder, { filterFn, shadowTexture: shadowMap.texture, depthTexture: shadowDepthTexture, shadowCoord, shadow, depthLayer: this.depthLayer } );

		let shadowColor;

		if ( renderer.shadowMap.transmitted === true ) {

			if ( shadowMap.texture.isCubeTexture ) {

				// For cube shadow maps (point lights), use cubeTexture with vec3 coordinates
				shadowColor = cubeTexture( shadowMap.texture, shadowCoord.xyz );

			} else {

				shadowColor = texture( shadowMap.texture, shadowCoord );

				if ( depthTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

					shadowColor = shadowColor.depth( this.depthLayer );

				}

			}

		}

		//

		let shadowOutput;

		if ( shadowColor ) {

			shadowOutput = mix( 1, shadowNode.rgb.mix( shadowColor, 1 ), shadowIntensity.mul( shadowColor.a ) ).toVar();

		} else {

			shadowOutput = mix( 1, shadowNode, shadowIntensity ).toVar();

		}

		this.shadowMap = shadowMap;
		this.shadow.map = shadowMap;

		// Shadow Output + Inspector

		const inspectName = `${ this.light.type } Shadow [ ${ this.light.name || 'ID: ' + this.light.id } ]`;

		if ( shadowColor ) {

			shadowOutput.toInspector( `${ inspectName } / Color`, () => {

				if ( this.shadowMap.texture.isCubeTexture ) {

					return cubeTexture( this.shadowMap.texture, equirectDirection() );

				}

				return texture( this.shadowMap.texture );

			} );

		}

		return shadowOutput.toInspector( `${ inspectName } / Depth`, () => {

			const shadowCameraNear = reference( 'near', 'float', this.shadow.camera );
			const shadowCameraFar = reference( 'far', 'float', this.shadow.camera );

			let depthNode;

			if ( this.shadowMap.texture.isCubeTexture ) {

				depthNode = cubeTexture( this.shadowMap.depthTexture, equirectDirection() ).r;

			} else {

				depthNode = texture( this.shadowMap.depthTexture ).r;

			}

			let linearDepth;

			if ( this.shadow.camera.isPerspectiveCamera ) {

				linearDepth = perspectiveDepthToViewZ( depthNode, shadowCameraNear, shadowCameraFar );

			} else {

				linearDepth = orthographicDepthToViewZ( depthNode, shadowCameraNear, shadowCameraFar );

			}

			linearDepth = viewZToOrthographicDepth( linearDepth, shadowCameraNear, shadowCameraFar );

			return linearDepth.oneMinus();

		} );

	}

	/**
	 * The implementation performs the setup of the output node. An output is only
	 * produces if shadow mapping is globally enabled in the renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {ShaderCallNodeInternal} The output node.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		if ( builder.renderer.shadowMap.enabled === false ) return;

		return Fn( () => {

			const currentShadowType = builder.renderer.shadowMap.type;

			if ( this._currentShadowType !== currentShadowType ) {

				this._reset();
				this._node = null;

			}

			let node = this._node;

			this.setupShadowPosition( builder );

			if ( node === null ) {

				this._node = node = this.setupShadow( builder );
				this._currentShadowType = currentShadowType;

			}

			if ( builder.material.receivedShadowNode ) {

				node = builder.material.receivedShadowNode( node );

			}

			return node;

		} )();

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the shadow. The logic of this function could be included
	 * into {@link ShadowNode#updateShadow} however more specialized shadow
	 * nodes might require a custom shadow map rendering. By having a
	 * dedicated method, it's easier to overwrite the default behavior.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	renderShadow( frame ) {

		const { shadow, shadowMap, light } = this;
		const { renderer, scene } = frame;

		shadow.updateMatrices( light );

		shadowMap.setSize( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height, shadowMap.depth );

		const currentSceneName = scene.name;

		scene.name = `Shadow Map [ ${ light.name || 'ID: ' + light.id } ]`;

		renderer.render( scene, shadow.camera );

		scene.name = currentSceneName;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the shadow.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	updateShadow( frame ) {

		const { shadowMap, light, shadow } = this;
		const { renderer, scene, camera } = frame;

		const shadowType = renderer.shadowMap.type;

		const depthVersion = shadowMap.depthTexture.version;
		this._depthVersionCached = depthVersion;

		const _shadowCameraLayer = shadow.camera.layers.mask;

		if ( ( shadow.camera.layers.mask & 0xFFFFFFFE ) === 0 ) {

			shadow.camera.layers.mask = camera.layers.mask;

		}

		const currentRenderObjectFunction = renderer.getRenderObjectFunction();

		const currentMRT = renderer.getMRT();
		const useVelocity = currentMRT ? currentMRT.has( 'velocity' ) : false;

		_rendererState = resetRendererAndSceneState( renderer, scene, _rendererState );

		scene.overrideMaterial = getShadowMaterial( light );

		renderer.setRenderObjectFunction( getShadowRenderObjectFunction( renderer, shadow, shadowType, useVelocity ) );

		renderer.setClearColor( 0x000000, 0 );

		renderer.setRenderTarget( shadowMap );

		this.renderShadow( frame );

		renderer.setRenderObjectFunction( currentRenderObjectFunction );

		// vsm blur pass

		if ( shadowType === VSMShadowMap && shadow.isPointLightShadow !== true ) {

			this.vsmPass( renderer );

		}

		shadow.camera.layers.mask = _shadowCameraLayer;

		restoreRendererAndSceneState( renderer, scene, _rendererState );

	}

	/**
	 * For VSM additional render passes are required.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - A reference to the current renderer.
	 */
	vsmPass( renderer ) {

		const { shadow } = this;

		const depth = this.shadowMap.depth;
		this.vsmShadowMapVertical.setSize( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height, depth );
		this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal.setSize( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.height, depth );

		renderer.setRenderTarget( this.vsmShadowMapVertical );
		_quadMesh.material = this.vsmMaterialVertical;
		_quadMesh.render( renderer );

		renderer.setRenderTarget( this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal );
		_quadMesh.material = this.vsmMaterialHorizontal;
		_quadMesh.render( renderer );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees the internal resources of this shadow node.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this._reset();

		super.dispose();

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the resouce state of this shadow node.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_reset() {

		this._currentShadowType = null;

		disposeShadowMaterial( this.light );

		if ( this.shadowMap ) {

			this.shadowMap.dispose();
			this.shadowMap = null;

		}

		if ( this.vsmShadowMapVertical !== null ) {

			this.vsmShadowMapVertical.dispose();
			this.vsmShadowMapVertical = null;

			this.vsmMaterialVertical.dispose();
			this.vsmMaterialVertical = null;

		}

		if ( this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal !== null ) {

			this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal.dispose();
			this.vsmShadowMapHorizontal = null;

			this.vsmMaterialHorizontal.dispose();
			this.vsmMaterialHorizontal = null;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The implementation performs the update of the shadow map if necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	updateBefore( frame ) {

		// do not render shadow maps during precompilation

		if ( frame.renderer._isPreCompiling === true ) return;

		const { shadow } = this;

		let needsUpdate = shadow.needsUpdate || shadow.autoUpdate;

		if ( needsUpdate ) {

			if ( this._cameraFrameId.get( frame.camera ) === frame.frameId ) {

				needsUpdate = false;

			}

			this._cameraFrameId.set( frame.camera, frame.frameId );

		}

		if ( needsUpdate ) {

			this.updateShadow( frame );

			if ( this.shadowMap.depthTexture.version === this._depthVersionCached ) {

				shadow.needsUpdate = false;

			}

		}

	}

}

/**
 * Shadow Render Object Function.
 *
 * @function shadowRenderObjectFunction
 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object to render.
 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene containing the object.
 * @param {Camera} _camera - The camera used for rendering.
 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry of the object.
 * @param {Material} material - The material of the object.
 * @param {Group} group - The group the object belongs to.
 * @param {...any} params - Additional parameters for rendering.
 */

/**
 * TSL function for creating an instance of `ShadowNode`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Light} light - The shadow casting light.
 * @param {?LightShadow} [shadow] - The light shadow.
 * @return {ShadowNode} The created shadow node.
 */
const shadow = ( light, shadow ) => new ShadowNode( light, shadow );

const _clearColor$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Color();
const _projScreenMatrix$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
const _lightPositionWorld = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();
const _lookTarget = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();

// Cube map face directions and up vectors for point light shadows
// Face order: +X, -X, +Y, -Y, +Z, -Z
// WebGPU coordinate system - Y faces swapped to match texture sampling convention
const _cubeDirectionsWebGPU = [
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( -1, 0, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ),
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, -1 )
];

const _cubeUpsWebGPU = [
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ),
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 )
];

// WebGL coordinate system - standard OpenGL convention
const _cubeDirectionsWebGL = [
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( -1, 0, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ),
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, -1 )
];

const _cubeUpsWebGL = [
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ),
	/*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ), /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3( 0, -1, 0 )
];

const BasicPointShadowFilter = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { depthTexture, bd3D, dp } ) => {

	return cubeTexture( depthTexture, bd3D ).compare( dp );

} );

/**
 * A shadow filtering function for point lights using Vogel disk sampling and IGN.
 *
 * Uses 5 samples distributed via Vogel disk pattern in tangent space around the
 * sample direction, rotated per-pixel using Interleaved Gradient Noise (IGN).
 *
 * @method
 * @param {Object} inputs - The input parameter object.
 * @param {CubeDepthTexture} inputs.depthTexture - A reference to the shadow cube map.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.bd3D - The normalized direction from light to fragment.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.dp - The depth value to compare against.
 * @param {LightShadow} inputs.shadow - The light shadow.
 * @return {Node<float>} The filtering result.
 */
const PointShadowFilter = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { depthTexture, bd3D, dp, shadow } ) => {

	const radius = reference( 'radius', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );
	const mapSize = reference( 'mapSize', 'vec2', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );

	const texelSize = radius.div( mapSize.x );

	// Build a tangent-space coordinate system for applying offsets
	const absDir = abs( bd3D );
	const tangent = normalize( cross( bd3D, absDir.x.greaterThan( absDir.z ).select( vec3( 0, 1, 0 ), vec3( 1, 0, 0 ) ) ) );
	const bitangent = cross( bd3D, tangent );

	// Use IGN to rotate sampling pattern per pixel (phi = IGN * 2π)
	const phi = interleavedGradientNoise( screenCoordinate.xy ).mul( 6.28318530718 );

	// 5 samples using Vogel disk distribution in tangent space
	const sample0 = vogelDiskSample( 0, 5, phi );
	const sample1 = vogelDiskSample( 1, 5, phi );
	const sample2 = vogelDiskSample( 2, 5, phi );
	const sample3 = vogelDiskSample( 3, 5, phi );
	const sample4 = vogelDiskSample( 4, 5, phi );

	return cubeTexture( depthTexture, bd3D.add( tangent.mul( sample0.x ).add( bitangent.mul( sample0.y ) ).mul( texelSize ) ) ).compare( dp )
		.add( cubeTexture( depthTexture, bd3D.add( tangent.mul( sample1.x ).add( bitangent.mul( sample1.y ) ).mul( texelSize ) ) ).compare( dp ) )
		.add( cubeTexture( depthTexture, bd3D.add( tangent.mul( sample2.x ).add( bitangent.mul( sample2.y ) ).mul( texelSize ) ) ).compare( dp ) )
		.add( cubeTexture( depthTexture, bd3D.add( tangent.mul( sample3.x ).add( bitangent.mul( sample3.y ) ).mul( texelSize ) ) ).compare( dp ) )
		.add( cubeTexture( depthTexture, bd3D.add( tangent.mul( sample4.x ).add( bitangent.mul( sample4.y ) ).mul( texelSize ) ) ).compare( dp ) )
		.mul( 1.0 / 5.0 );

} );

const pointShadowFilter = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { filterFn, depthTexture, shadowCoord, shadow }, builder ) => {

	// for point lights, the uniform @vShadowCoord is re-purposed to hold
	// the vector from the light to the world-space position of the fragment.
	const shadowPosition = shadowCoord.xyz.toConst();
	const shadowPositionAbs = shadowPosition.abs().toConst();
	const viewZ = shadowPositionAbs.x.max( shadowPositionAbs.y ).max( shadowPositionAbs.z );

	const shadowCameraNear = uniform( 'float' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( () => shadow.camera.near );
	const shadowCameraFar = uniform( 'float' ).setGroup( renderGroup ).onRenderUpdate( () => shadow.camera.far );
	const bias = reference( 'bias', 'float', shadow ).setGroup( renderGroup );

	const result = float( 1.0 ).toVar();

	If( viewZ.sub( shadowCameraFar ).lessThanEqual( 0.0 ).and( viewZ.sub( shadowCameraNear ).greaterThanEqual( 0.0 ) ), () => {

		let dp;

		if ( builder.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer ) {

			dp = viewZToReversedPerspectiveDepth( viewZ.negate(), shadowCameraNear, shadowCameraFar );
			dp.subAssign( bias );

		} else if ( builder.renderer.logarithmicDepthBuffer ) {

			dp = viewZToLogarithmicDepth( viewZ.negate(), shadowCameraNear, shadowCameraFar );
			dp.addAssign( bias );

		} else {

			dp = viewZToPerspectiveDepth( viewZ.negate(), shadowCameraNear, shadowCameraFar );
			dp.addAssign( bias );

		}

		// bd3D = base direction 3D (direction from light to fragment)
		const bd3D = shadowPosition.normalize();

		// percentage-closer filtering using cube texture sampling
		result.assign( filterFn( { depthTexture, bd3D, dp, shadow } ) );

	} );

	return result;

} );


/**
 * Represents the shadow implementation for point light nodes.
 *
 * @augments ShadowNode
 */
class PointShadowNode extends ShadowNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'PointShadowNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new point shadow node.
	 *
	 * @param {PointLight} light - The shadow casting point light.
	 * @param {?PointLightShadow} [shadow=null] - An optional point light shadow.
	 */
	constructor( light, shadow = null ) {

		super( light, shadow );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to return point light shadow specific
	 * filtering functions.
	 *
	 * @param {number} type - The shadow type.
	 * @return {Function} The filtering function.
	 */
	getShadowFilterFn( type ) {

		return type === BasicShadowMap ? BasicPointShadowFilter : PointShadowFilter;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation so the unaltered shadow position is used.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} shadowPosition - A node representing the shadow position.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The shadow coordinates.
	 */
	setupShadowCoord( builder, shadowPosition ) {

		return shadowPosition;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to only use point light specific
	 * shadow filter functions.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @param {Object} inputs - A configuration object that defines the shadow filtering.
	 * @param {Function} inputs.filterFn - This function defines the filtering type of the shadow map e.g. PCF.
	 * @param {DepthTexture} inputs.depthTexture - A reference to the shadow map's depth texture.
	 * @param {Node<vec3>} inputs.shadowCoord - Shadow coordinates which are used to sample from the shadow map.
	 * @param {LightShadow} inputs.shadow - The light shadow.
	 * @return {Node<float>} The result node of the shadow filtering.
	 */
	setupShadowFilter( builder, { filterFn, depthTexture, shadowCoord, shadow } ) {

		return pointShadowFilter( { filterFn, depthTexture, shadowCoord, shadow } );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to create a CubeRenderTarget with CubeDepthTexture.
	 *
	 * @param {LightShadow} shadow - The light shadow object.
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - A reference to the current node builder.
	 * @return {Object} An object containing the shadow map and depth texture.
	 */
	setupRenderTarget( shadow, builder ) {

		const depthTexture = new CubeDepthTexture( shadow.mapSize.width );
		depthTexture.name = 'PointShadowDepthTexture';
		depthTexture.compareFunction = builder.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer ? GreaterEqualCompare : LessEqualCompare;

		const shadowMap = builder.createCubeRenderTarget( shadow.mapSize.width );
		shadowMap.texture.name = 'PointShadowMap';
		shadowMap.depthTexture = depthTexture;

		return { shadowMap, depthTexture };

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation with point light specific
	 * rendering code.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	renderShadow( frame ) {

		const { shadow, shadowMap, light } = this;
		const { renderer, scene } = frame;

		const camera = shadow.camera;
		const shadowMatrix = shadow.matrix;

		// Select cube directions/ups based on coordinate system
		const isWebGPU = renderer.coordinateSystem === WebGPUCoordinateSystem;
		const cubeDirections = isWebGPU ? _cubeDirectionsWebGPU : _cubeDirectionsWebGL;
		const cubeUps = isWebGPU ? _cubeUpsWebGPU : _cubeUpsWebGL;

		shadowMap.setSize( shadow.mapSize.width, shadow.mapSize.width );

		//

		const previousAutoClear = renderer.autoClear;

		const previousClearColor = renderer.getClearColor( _clearColor$1 );
		const previousClearAlpha = renderer.getClearAlpha();

		renderer.autoClear = false;
		renderer.setClearColor( shadow.clearColor, shadow.clearAlpha );

		// Render each cube face
		for ( let face = 0; face < 6; face ++ ) {

			// Set render target to the specific cube face
			renderer.setRenderTarget( shadowMap, face );
			renderer.clear();

			// Update shadow camera matrices for this face

			const far = light.distance || camera.far;

			if ( far !== camera.far ) {

				camera.far = far;
				camera.updateProjectionMatrix();

			}

			_lightPositionWorld.setFromMatrixPosition( light.matrixWorld );
			camera.position.copy( _lightPositionWorld );

			_lookTarget.copy( camera.position );
			_lookTarget.add( cubeDirections[ face ] );
			camera.up.copy( cubeUps[ face ] );
			camera.lookAt( _lookTarget );
			camera.updateMatrixWorld();

			shadowMatrix.makeTranslation( - _lightPositionWorld.x, - _lightPositionWorld.y, - _lightPositionWorld.z );

			_projScreenMatrix$1.multiplyMatrices( camera.projectionMatrix, camera.matrixWorldInverse );
			shadow._frustum.setFromProjectionMatrix( _projScreenMatrix$1, camera.coordinateSystem, camera.reversedDepth );

			//

			const currentSceneName = scene.name;

			scene.name = `Point Light Shadow [ ${ light.name || 'ID: ' + light.id } ] - Face ${ face + 1 }`;

			renderer.render( scene, camera );

			scene.name = currentSceneName;

		}

		//

		renderer.autoClear = previousAutoClear;
		renderer.setClearColor( previousClearColor, previousClearAlpha );

	}

}

/**
 * TSL function for creating an instance of `PointShadowNode`.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {PointLight} light - The shadow casting point light.
 * @param {?PointLightShadow} [shadow=null] - An optional point light shadow.
 * @return {PointShadowNode} The created point shadow node.
 */
const pointShadow = ( light, shadow ) => new PointShadowNode( light, shadow );

/**
 * Base class for analytic light nodes.
 *
 * @augments LightingNode
 */
class AnalyticLightNode extends LightingNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'AnalyticLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new analytic light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?Light} [light=null] - The light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The light source.
		 *
		 * @type {?Light}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.light = light;

		/**
		 * The light's color value.
		 *
		 * @type {Color}
		 */
		this.color = new Color();

		/**
		 * The light's color node. Points to `colorNode` of the light source, if set. Otherwise
		 * it creates a uniform node based on {@link AnalyticLightNode#color}.
		 *
		 * @type {Node}
		 */
		this.colorNode = ( light && light.colorNode ) || uniform( this.color ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * This property is used to retain a reference to the original value of {@link AnalyticLightNode#colorNode}.
		 * The final color node is represented by a different node when using shadows.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.baseColorNode = null;

		/**
		 * Represents the light's shadow.
		 *
		 * @type {?ShadowNode}
   		 * @default null
		 */
		this.shadowNode = null;

		/**
		 * Represents the light's shadow color.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
   		 * @default null
		 */
		this.shadowColorNode = null;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isAnalyticLightNode = true;

		/**
		 * Overwritten since analytic light nodes are updated
		 * once per frame.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'frame'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.FRAME;

		if ( light && light.shadow ) {

			this._shadowDisposeListener = () => {

				this.disposeShadow();

			};

			light.addEventListener( 'dispose', this._shadowDisposeListener );

		}

	}

	dispose() {

		if ( this._shadowDisposeListener ) {

			this.light.removeEventListener( 'dispose', this._shadowDisposeListener );

		}

		super.dispose();

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources related to shadows.
	 */
	disposeShadow() {

		if ( this.shadowNode !== null ) {

			this.shadowNode.dispose();
			this.shadowNode = null;

		}

		this.shadowColorNode = null;

		if ( this.baseColorNode !== null ) {

			this.colorNode = this.baseColorNode;
			this.baseColorNode = null;

		}

	}

	getHash() {

		return this.light.uuid;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node representing a direction vector which points from the current
	 * position in view space to the light's position in view space.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The builder object used for setting up the light.
	 * @return {Node<vec3>} The light vector node.
	 */
	getLightVector( builder ) {

		return lightViewPosition( this.light ).sub( builder.context.positionView || positionView );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets up the direct lighting for the analytic light node.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The builder object used for setting up the light.
	 * @return {Object|undefined} The direct light data (color and direction).
	 */
	setupDirect( /*builder*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Sets up the direct rect area lighting for the analytic light node.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The builder object used for setting up the light.
	 * @return {Object|undefined} The direct rect area light data.
	 */
	setupDirectRectArea( /*builder*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Setups the shadow node for this light. The method exists so concrete light classes
	 * can setup different types of shadow nodes.
	 *
	 * @return {ShadowNode} The created shadow node.
	 */
	setupShadowNode() {

		return shadow( this.light );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the shadow for this light. This method is only executed if the light
	 * cast shadows and the current build object receives shadows. It incorporates
	 * shadows into the lighting computation.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setupShadow( builder ) {

		const { renderer } = builder;

		if ( renderer.shadowMap.enabled === false ) return;

		let shadowColorNode = this.shadowColorNode;

		if ( shadowColorNode === null ) {

			const customShadowNode = this.light.shadow.shadowNode;

			let shadowNode;

			if ( customShadowNode !== undefined ) {

				shadowNode = nodeObject( customShadowNode );

			} else {

				shadowNode = this.setupShadowNode();

			}

			this.shadowNode = shadowNode;

			this.shadowColorNode = shadowColorNode = this.colorNode.mul( shadowNode );

			this.baseColorNode = this.colorNode;

		}

		//

		if ( builder.context.getShadow ) {

			shadowColorNode = builder.context.getShadow( this, builder );

		}

		this.colorNode = shadowColorNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Unlike most other nodes, lighting nodes do not return a output node in {@link Node#setup}.
	 * The main purpose of lighting nodes is to configure the current {@link LightingModel} and/or
	 * invocate the respective interface methods.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
	 */
	setup( builder ) {

		this.colorNode = this.baseColorNode || this.colorNode;

		if ( this.light.castShadow ) {

			if ( builder.object.receiveShadow ) {

				this.setupShadow( builder );

			}

		} else if ( this.shadowNode !== null ) {

			this.shadowNode.dispose();
			this.shadowNode = null;
			this.shadowColorNode = null;

		}

		const directLightData = this.setupDirect( builder );
		const directRectAreaLightData = this.setupDirectRectArea( builder );

		if ( directLightData ) {

			builder.lightsNode.setupDirectLight( builder, this, directLightData );

		}

		if ( directRectAreaLightData ) {

			builder.lightsNode.setupDirectRectAreaLight( builder, this, directRectAreaLightData );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The update method is used to update light uniforms per frame.
	 * Potentially overwritten in concrete light nodes to update light
	 * specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( /*frame*/ ) {

		const { light } = this;

		this.color.copy( light.color ).multiplyScalar( light.intensity );

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a `discard` shader operation in TSL.
 *
 * @method
 * @param {Object} inputs - The input parameter object.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.lightDistance - The distance of the light's position to the current fragment position.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.cutoffDistance - The light's cutoff distance.
 * @param {Node<float>} inputs.decayExponent - The light's decay exponent.
 * @return {Node<float>} The distance falloff.
 */
const getDistanceAttenuation = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( { lightDistance, cutoffDistance, decayExponent } ) => {

	// based upon Frostbite 3 Moving to Physically-based Rendering
	// page 32, equation 26: E[window1]
	// https://seblagarde.files.wordpress.com/2015/07/course_notes_moving_frostbite_to_pbr_v32.pdf
	const distanceFalloff = lightDistance.pow( decayExponent ).max( 0.01 ).reciprocal();

	return cutoffDistance.greaterThan( 0 ).select(
		distanceFalloff.mul( lightDistance.div( cutoffDistance ).pow4().oneMinus().clamp().pow2() ),
		distanceFalloff
	);

} ); // validated

const directPointLight = ( { color, lightVector, cutoffDistance, decayExponent } ) => {

	const lightDirection = lightVector.normalize();
	const lightDistance = lightVector.length();

	const attenuation = getDistanceAttenuation( {
		lightDistance,
		cutoffDistance,
		decayExponent
	} );

	const lightColor = color.mul( attenuation );

	return { lightDirection, lightColor };

};

/**
 * Module for representing point lights as nodes.
 *
 * @augments AnalyticLightNode
 */
class PointLightNode extends AnalyticLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'PointLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new point light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?PointLight} [light=null] - The point light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the cutoff distance.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this.cutoffDistanceNode = uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the decay exponent.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this.decayExponentNode = uniform( 2 ).setGroup( renderGroup );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to updated point light specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		const { light } = this;

		super.update( frame );

		this.cutoffDistanceNode.value = light.distance;
		this.decayExponentNode.value = light.decay;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to setup point light specific shadow.
	 *
	 * @return {PointShadowNode}
	 */
	setupShadowNode() {

		return pointShadow( this.light );

	}

	setupDirect( builder ) {

		return directPointLight( {
			color: this.colorNode,
			lightVector: this.getLightVector( builder ),
			cutoffDistance: this.cutoffDistanceNode,
			decayExponent: this.decayExponentNode
		} );

	}

}

/**
 * Creates a 2x2 checkerboard pattern that can be used as procedural texture data.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} coord - The uv coordinates.
 * @return {Node<float>} The result data.
 */
const checker = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ coord = uv$1() ] ) => {

	const uv = coord.mul( 2.0 );

	const cx = uv.x.floor();
	const cy = uv.y.floor();
	const result = cx.add( cy ).mod( 2.0 );

	return result.sign();

} );

/**
 * Generates a circle based on the uv coordinates.
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec2>} coord - The uv to generate the circle.
 * @return {Node<float>} The circle shape.
 */
const shapeCircle = Fn( ( [ coord = uv$1() ], { renderer, material } ) => {

	const len2 = lengthSq( coord.mul( 2 ).sub( 1 ) );

	let alpha;

	if ( material.alphaToCoverage && renderer.currentSamples > 0 ) {

		const dlen = float( len2.fwidth() ).toVar();

		alpha = smoothstep( dlen.oneMinus(), dlen.add( 1 ), len2 ).oneMinus();

	} else {

		alpha = select( len2.greaterThan( 1.0 ), 0, 1 );

	}

	return alpha;

} );

// Three.js Transpiler
// https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/MaterialX/main/libraries/stdlib/genglsl/lib/mx_noise.glsl



const mx_select = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ b_immutable, t_immutable, f_immutable ] ) => {

	const f = float( f_immutable ).toVar();
	const t = float( t_immutable ).toVar();
	const b = bool( b_immutable ).toVar();

	return select( b, t, f ).uniformFlow();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_select',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'b', type: 'bool' },
		{ name: 't', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'f', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_negate_if = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ val_immutable, b_immutable ] ) => {

	const b = bool( b_immutable ).toVar();
	const val = float( val_immutable ).toVar();

	return select( b, val.negate(), val ).uniformFlow();

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_negate_if',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'val', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'b', type: 'bool' }
	]
} );

const mx_floor = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable ] ) => {

	const x = float( x_immutable ).toVar();

	return int( floor( x ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_floor',
	type: 'int',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_floorfrac = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, i ] ) => {

	const x = float( x_immutable ).toVar();
	i.assign( mx_floor( x ) );

	return x.sub( float( i ) );

} );

const mx_bilerp_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v0_immutable, v1_immutable, v2_immutable, v3_immutable, s_immutable, t_immutable ] ) => {

	const t = float( t_immutable ).toVar();
	const s = float( s_immutable ).toVar();
	const v3 = float( v3_immutable ).toVar();
	const v2 = float( v2_immutable ).toVar();
	const v1 = float( v1_immutable ).toVar();
	const v0 = float( v0_immutable ).toVar();
	const s1 = float( sub( 1.0, s ) ).toVar();

	return sub( 1.0, t ).mul( v0.mul( s1 ).add( v1.mul( s ) ) ).add( t.mul( v2.mul( s1 ).add( v3.mul( s ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_bilerp_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v0', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v1', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v2', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v3', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 's', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 't', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_bilerp_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v0_immutable, v1_immutable, v2_immutable, v3_immutable, s_immutable, t_immutable ] ) => {

	const t = float( t_immutable ).toVar();
	const s = float( s_immutable ).toVar();
	const v3 = vec3( v3_immutable ).toVar();
	const v2 = vec3( v2_immutable ).toVar();
	const v1 = vec3( v1_immutable ).toVar();
	const v0 = vec3( v0_immutable ).toVar();
	const s1 = float( sub( 1.0, s ) ).toVar();

	return sub( 1.0, t ).mul( v0.mul( s1 ).add( v1.mul( s ) ) ).add( t.mul( v2.mul( s1 ).add( v3.mul( s ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_bilerp_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v0', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v1', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v2', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v3', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 's', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 't', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_bilerp = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_bilerp_0, mx_bilerp_1 ] );

const mx_trilerp_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v0_immutable, v1_immutable, v2_immutable, v3_immutable, v4_immutable, v5_immutable, v6_immutable, v7_immutable, s_immutable, t_immutable, r_immutable ] ) => {

	const r = float( r_immutable ).toVar();
	const t = float( t_immutable ).toVar();
	const s = float( s_immutable ).toVar();
	const v7 = float( v7_immutable ).toVar();
	const v6 = float( v6_immutable ).toVar();
	const v5 = float( v5_immutable ).toVar();
	const v4 = float( v4_immutable ).toVar();
	const v3 = float( v3_immutable ).toVar();
	const v2 = float( v2_immutable ).toVar();
	const v1 = float( v1_immutable ).toVar();
	const v0 = float( v0_immutable ).toVar();
	const s1 = float( sub( 1.0, s ) ).toVar();
	const t1 = float( sub( 1.0, t ) ).toVar();
	const r1 = float( sub( 1.0, r ) ).toVar();

	return r1.mul( t1.mul( v0.mul( s1 ).add( v1.mul( s ) ) ).add( t.mul( v2.mul( s1 ).add( v3.mul( s ) ) ) ) ).add( r.mul( t1.mul( v4.mul( s1 ).add( v5.mul( s ) ) ).add( t.mul( v6.mul( s1 ).add( v7.mul( s ) ) ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_trilerp_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v0', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v1', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v2', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v3', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v4', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v5', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v6', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'v7', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 's', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 't', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'r', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_trilerp_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v0_immutable, v1_immutable, v2_immutable, v3_immutable, v4_immutable, v5_immutable, v6_immutable, v7_immutable, s_immutable, t_immutable, r_immutable ] ) => {

	const r = float( r_immutable ).toVar();
	const t = float( t_immutable ).toVar();
	const s = float( s_immutable ).toVar();
	const v7 = vec3( v7_immutable ).toVar();
	const v6 = vec3( v6_immutable ).toVar();
	const v5 = vec3( v5_immutable ).toVar();
	const v4 = vec3( v4_immutable ).toVar();
	const v3 = vec3( v3_immutable ).toVar();
	const v2 = vec3( v2_immutable ).toVar();
	const v1 = vec3( v1_immutable ).toVar();
	const v0 = vec3( v0_immutable ).toVar();
	const s1 = float( sub( 1.0, s ) ).toVar();
	const t1 = float( sub( 1.0, t ) ).toVar();
	const r1 = float( sub( 1.0, r ) ).toVar();

	return r1.mul( t1.mul( v0.mul( s1 ).add( v1.mul( s ) ) ).add( t.mul( v2.mul( s1 ).add( v3.mul( s ) ) ) ) ).add( r.mul( t1.mul( v4.mul( s1 ).add( v5.mul( s ) ) ).add( t.mul( v6.mul( s1 ).add( v7.mul( s ) ) ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_trilerp_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v0', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v1', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v2', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v3', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v4', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v5', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v6', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'v7', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 's', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 't', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'r', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_trilerp = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_trilerp_0, mx_trilerp_1 ] );

const mx_gradient_float_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ hash_immutable, x_immutable, y_immutable ] ) => {

	const y = float( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = float( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const hash = uint( hash_immutable ).toVar();
	const h = uint( hash.bitAnd( uint( 7 ) ) ).toVar();
	const u = float( mx_select( h.lessThan( uint( 4 ) ), x, y ) ).toVar();
	const v = float( mul( 2.0, mx_select( h.lessThan( uint( 4 ) ), y, x ) ) ).toVar();

	return mx_negate_if( u, bool( h.bitAnd( uint( 1 ) ) ) ).add( mx_negate_if( v, bool( h.bitAnd( uint( 2 ) ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_float_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'hash', type: 'uint' },
		{ name: 'x', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_float_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ hash_immutable, x_immutable, y_immutable, z_immutable ] ) => {

	const z = float( z_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = float( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = float( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const hash = uint( hash_immutable ).toVar();
	const h = uint( hash.bitAnd( uint( 15 ) ) ).toVar();
	const u = float( mx_select( h.lessThan( uint( 8 ) ), x, y ) ).toVar();
	const v = float( mx_select( h.lessThan( uint( 4 ) ), y, mx_select( h.equal( uint( 12 ) ).or( h.equal( uint( 14 ) ) ), x, z ) ) ).toVar();

	return mx_negate_if( u, bool( h.bitAnd( uint( 1 ) ) ) ).add( mx_negate_if( v, bool( h.bitAnd( uint( 2 ) ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_float_1',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'hash', type: 'uint' },
		{ name: 'x', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'z', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_float = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_gradient_float_0, mx_gradient_float_1 ] );

const mx_gradient_vec3_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ hash_immutable, x_immutable, y_immutable ] ) => {

	const y = float( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = float( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const hash = uvec3( hash_immutable ).toVar();

	return vec3( mx_gradient_float( hash.x, x, y ), mx_gradient_float( hash.y, x, y ), mx_gradient_float( hash.z, x, y ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_vec3_0',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'hash', type: 'uvec3' },
		{ name: 'x', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_vec3_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ hash_immutable, x_immutable, y_immutable, z_immutable ] ) => {

	const z = float( z_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = float( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = float( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const hash = uvec3( hash_immutable ).toVar();

	return vec3( mx_gradient_float( hash.x, x, y, z ), mx_gradient_float( hash.y, x, y, z ), mx_gradient_float( hash.z, x, y, z ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_vec3_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'hash', type: 'uvec3' },
		{ name: 'x', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'z', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_vec3 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_gradient_vec3_0, mx_gradient_vec3_1 ] );

const mx_gradient_scale2d_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v_immutable ] ) => {

	const v = float( v_immutable ).toVar();

	return mul( 0.6616, v );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_scale2d_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_scale3d_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v_immutable ] ) => {

	const v = float( v_immutable ).toVar();

	return mul( 0.9820, v );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_scale3d_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_scale2d_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v_immutable ] ) => {

	const v = vec3( v_immutable ).toVar();

	return mul( 0.6616, v );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_scale2d_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_scale2d = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_gradient_scale2d_0, mx_gradient_scale2d_1 ] );

const mx_gradient_scale3d_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ v_immutable ] ) => {

	const v = vec3( v_immutable ).toVar();

	return mul( 0.9820, v );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_gradient_scale3d_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'v', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_gradient_scale3d = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_gradient_scale3d_0, mx_gradient_scale3d_1 ] );

const mx_rotl32 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, k_immutable ] ) => {

	const k = int( k_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = uint( x_immutable ).toVar();

	return x.shiftLeft( k ).bitOr( x.shiftRight( int( 32 ).sub( k ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_rotl32',
	type: 'uint',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'uint' },
		{ name: 'k', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_bjmix = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ a, b, c ] ) => {

	a.subAssign( c );
	a.bitXorAssign( mx_rotl32( c, int( 4 ) ) );
	c.addAssign( b );
	b.subAssign( a );
	b.bitXorAssign( mx_rotl32( a, int( 6 ) ) );
	a.addAssign( c );
	c.subAssign( b );
	c.bitXorAssign( mx_rotl32( b, int( 8 ) ) );
	b.addAssign( a );
	a.subAssign( c );
	a.bitXorAssign( mx_rotl32( c, int( 16 ) ) );
	c.addAssign( b );
	b.subAssign( a );
	b.bitXorAssign( mx_rotl32( a, int( 19 ) ) );
	a.addAssign( c );
	c.subAssign( b );
	c.bitXorAssign( mx_rotl32( b, int( 4 ) ) );
	b.addAssign( a );

} );

const mx_bjfinal = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ a_immutable, b_immutable, c_immutable ] ) => {

	const c = uint( c_immutable ).toVar();
	const b = uint( b_immutable ).toVar();
	const a = uint( a_immutable ).toVar();
	c.bitXorAssign( b );
	c.subAssign( mx_rotl32( b, int( 14 ) ) );
	a.bitXorAssign( c );
	a.subAssign( mx_rotl32( c, int( 11 ) ) );
	b.bitXorAssign( a );
	b.subAssign( mx_rotl32( a, int( 25 ) ) );
	c.bitXorAssign( b );
	c.subAssign( mx_rotl32( b, int( 16 ) ) );
	a.bitXorAssign( c );
	a.subAssign( mx_rotl32( c, int( 4 ) ) );
	b.bitXorAssign( a );
	b.subAssign( mx_rotl32( a, int( 14 ) ) );
	c.bitXorAssign( b );
	c.subAssign( mx_rotl32( b, int( 24 ) ) );

	return c;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_bjfinal',
	type: 'uint',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'a', type: 'uint' },
		{ name: 'b', type: 'uint' },
		{ name: 'c', type: 'uint' }
	]
} );

const mx_bits_to_01 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ bits_immutable ] ) => {

	const bits = uint( bits_immutable ).toVar();

	return float( bits ).div( float( uint( int( 0xffffffff ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_bits_to_01',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'bits', type: 'uint' }
	]
} );

const mx_fade = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ t_immutable ] ) => {

	const t = float( t_immutable ).toVar();

	return t.mul( t ).mul( t ).mul( t.mul( t.mul( 6.0 ).sub( 15.0 ) ).add( 10.0 ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_fade',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 't', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_int_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable ] ) => {

	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const len = uint( uint( 1 ) ).toVar();
	const seed = uint( uint( int( 0xdeadbeef ) ).add( len.shiftLeft( uint( 2 ) ) ).add( uint( 13 ) ) ).toVar();

	return mx_bjfinal( seed.add( uint( x ) ), seed, seed );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hash_int_0',
	type: 'uint',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_int_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, y_immutable ] ) => {

	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const len = uint( uint( 2 ) ).toVar();
	const a = uint().toVar(), b = uint().toVar(), c = uint().toVar();
	a.assign( b.assign( c.assign( uint( int( 0xdeadbeef ) ).add( len.shiftLeft( uint( 2 ) ) ).add( uint( 13 ) ) ) ) );
	a.addAssign( uint( x ) );
	b.addAssign( uint( y ) );

	return mx_bjfinal( a, b, c );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hash_int_1',
	type: 'uint',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_int_2 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, y_immutable, z_immutable ] ) => {

	const z = int( z_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const len = uint( uint( 3 ) ).toVar();
	const a = uint().toVar(), b = uint().toVar(), c = uint().toVar();
	a.assign( b.assign( c.assign( uint( int( 0xdeadbeef ) ).add( len.shiftLeft( uint( 2 ) ) ).add( uint( 13 ) ) ) ) );
	a.addAssign( uint( x ) );
	b.addAssign( uint( y ) );
	c.addAssign( uint( z ) );

	return mx_bjfinal( a, b, c );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hash_int_2',
	type: 'uint',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'z', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_int_3 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, y_immutable, z_immutable, xx_immutable ] ) => {

	const xx = int( xx_immutable ).toVar();
	const z = int( z_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const len = uint( uint( 4 ) ).toVar();
	const a = uint().toVar(), b = uint().toVar(), c = uint().toVar();
	a.assign( b.assign( c.assign( uint( int( 0xdeadbeef ) ).add( len.shiftLeft( uint( 2 ) ) ).add( uint( 13 ) ) ) ) );
	a.addAssign( uint( x ) );
	b.addAssign( uint( y ) );
	c.addAssign( uint( z ) );
	mx_bjmix( a, b, c );
	a.addAssign( uint( xx ) );

	return mx_bjfinal( a, b, c );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hash_int_3',
	type: 'uint',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'z', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'xx', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_int_4 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, y_immutable, z_immutable, xx_immutable, yy_immutable ] ) => {

	const yy = int( yy_immutable ).toVar();
	const xx = int( xx_immutable ).toVar();
	const z = int( z_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const len = uint( uint( 5 ) ).toVar();
	const a = uint().toVar(), b = uint().toVar(), c = uint().toVar();
	a.assign( b.assign( c.assign( uint( int( 0xdeadbeef ) ).add( len.shiftLeft( uint( 2 ) ) ).add( uint( 13 ) ) ) ) );
	a.addAssign( uint( x ) );
	b.addAssign( uint( y ) );
	c.addAssign( uint( z ) );
	mx_bjmix( a, b, c );
	a.addAssign( uint( xx ) );
	b.addAssign( uint( yy ) );

	return mx_bjfinal( a, b, c );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hash_int_4',
	type: 'uint',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'z', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'xx', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'yy', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_int = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_hash_int_0, mx_hash_int_1, mx_hash_int_2, mx_hash_int_3, mx_hash_int_4 ] );

const mx_hash_vec3_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, y_immutable ] ) => {

	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const h = uint( mx_hash_int( x, y ) ).toVar();
	const result = uvec3().toVar();
	result.x.assign( h.bitAnd( int( 0xFF ) ) );
	result.y.assign( h.shiftRight( int( 8 ) ).bitAnd( int( 0xFF ) ) );
	result.z.assign( h.shiftRight( int( 16 ) ).bitAnd( int( 0xFF ) ) );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hash_vec3_0',
	type: 'uvec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_vec3_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ x_immutable, y_immutable, z_immutable ] ) => {

	const z = int( z_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const h = uint( mx_hash_int( x, y, z ) ).toVar();
	const result = uvec3().toVar();
	result.x.assign( h.bitAnd( int( 0xFF ) ) );
	result.y.assign( h.shiftRight( int( 8 ) ).bitAnd( int( 0xFF ) ) );
	result.z.assign( h.shiftRight( int( 16 ) ).bitAnd( int( 0xFF ) ) );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hash_vec3_1',
	type: 'uvec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'z', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_hash_vec3 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_hash_vec3_0, mx_hash_vec3_1 ] );

const mx_perlin_noise_float_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar();
	const fx = float( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ) ).toVar();
	const fy = float( mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ) ).toVar();
	const u = float( mx_fade( fx ) ).toVar();
	const v = float( mx_fade( fy ) ).toVar();
	const result = float( mx_bilerp( mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X, Y ), fx, fy ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X, Y.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx, fy.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy.sub( 1.0 ) ), u, v ) ).toVar();

	return mx_gradient_scale2d( result );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_perlin_noise_float_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' }
	]
} );

const mx_perlin_noise_float_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar(), Z = int().toVar();
	const fx = float( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ) ).toVar();
	const fy = float( mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ) ).toVar();
	const fz = float( mx_floorfrac( p.z, Z ) ).toVar();
	const u = float( mx_fade( fx ) ).toVar();
	const v = float( mx_fade( fy ) ).toVar();
	const w = float( mx_fade( fz ) ).toVar();
	const result = float( mx_trilerp( mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X, Y, Z ), fx, fy, fz ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y, Z ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy, fz ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X, Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z ), fx, fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X, Y, Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx, fy, fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y, Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy, fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X, Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx, fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_float( mx_hash_int( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), u, v, w ) ).toVar();

	return mx_gradient_scale3d( result );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_perlin_noise_float_1',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_perlin_noise_float = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_perlin_noise_float_0, mx_perlin_noise_float_1 ] );

const mx_perlin_noise_vec3_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar();
	const fx = float( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ) ).toVar();
	const fy = float( mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ) ).toVar();
	const u = float( mx_fade( fx ) ).toVar();
	const v = float( mx_fade( fy ) ).toVar();
	const result = vec3( mx_bilerp( mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X, Y ), fx, fy ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X, Y.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx, fy.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy.sub( 1.0 ) ), u, v ) ).toVar();

	return mx_gradient_scale2d( result );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_perlin_noise_vec3_0',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' }
	]
} );

const mx_perlin_noise_vec3_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar(), Z = int().toVar();
	const fx = float( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ) ).toVar();
	const fy = float( mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ) ).toVar();
	const fz = float( mx_floorfrac( p.z, Z ) ).toVar();
	const u = float( mx_fade( fx ) ).toVar();
	const v = float( mx_fade( fy ) ).toVar();
	const w = float( mx_fade( fz ) ).toVar();
	const result = vec3( mx_trilerp( mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X, Y, Z ), fx, fy, fz ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y, Z ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy, fz ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X, Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z ), fx, fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X, Y, Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx, fy, fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y, Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy, fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X, Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx, fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), mx_gradient_vec3( mx_hash_vec3( X.add( int( 1 ) ), Y.add( int( 1 ) ), Z.add( int( 1 ) ) ), fx.sub( 1.0 ), fy.sub( 1.0 ), fz.sub( 1.0 ) ), u, v, w ) ).toVar();

	return mx_gradient_scale3d( result );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_perlin_noise_vec3_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_perlin_noise_vec3 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_perlin_noise_vec3_0, mx_perlin_noise_vec3_1 ] );

const mx_cell_noise_float_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = float( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p ) ).toVar();

	return mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_float_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_float_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p.x ) ).toVar();
	const iy = int( mx_floor( p.y ) ).toVar();

	return mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_float_1',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_float_2 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p.x ) ).toVar();
	const iy = int( mx_floor( p.y ) ).toVar();
	const iz = int( mx_floor( p.z ) ).toVar();

	return mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_float_2',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_float_3 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec4( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p.x ) ).toVar();
	const iy = int( mx_floor( p.y ) ).toVar();
	const iz = int( mx_floor( p.z ) ).toVar();
	const iw = int( mx_floor( p.w ) ).toVar();

	return mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz, iw ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_float_3',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec4' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_float$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_cell_noise_float_0, mx_cell_noise_float_1, mx_cell_noise_float_2, mx_cell_noise_float_3 ] );

const mx_cell_noise_vec3_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = float( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p ) ).toVar();

	return vec3( mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, int( 0 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, int( 1 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, int( 2 ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_vec3_0',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_vec3_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p.x ) ).toVar();
	const iy = int( mx_floor( p.y ) ).toVar();

	return vec3( mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, int( 0 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, int( 1 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, int( 2 ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_vec3_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_vec3_2 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p.x ) ).toVar();
	const iy = int( mx_floor( p.y ) ).toVar();
	const iz = int( mx_floor( p.z ) ).toVar();

	return vec3( mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz, int( 0 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz, int( 1 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz, int( 2 ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_vec3_2',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_vec3_3 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable ] ) => {

	const p = vec4( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const ix = int( mx_floor( p.x ) ).toVar();
	const iy = int( mx_floor( p.y ) ).toVar();
	const iz = int( mx_floor( p.z ) ).toVar();
	const iw = int( mx_floor( p.w ) ).toVar();

	return vec3( mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz, iw, int( 0 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz, iw, int( 1 ) ) ), mx_bits_to_01( mx_hash_int( ix, iy, iz, iw, int( 2 ) ) ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_cell_noise_vec3_3',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec4' }
	]
} );

const mx_cell_noise_vec3 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_cell_noise_vec3_0, mx_cell_noise_vec3_1, mx_cell_noise_vec3_2, mx_cell_noise_vec3_3 ] );

const mx_fractal_noise_float$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, octaves_immutable, lacunarity_immutable, diminish_immutable ] ) => {

	const diminish = float( diminish_immutable ).toVar();
	const lacunarity = float( lacunarity_immutable ).toVar();
	const octaves = int( octaves_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const result = float( 0.0 ).toVar();
	const amplitude = float( 1.0 ).toVar();

	Loop( octaves, () => {

		result.addAssign( amplitude.mul( mx_perlin_noise_float( p ) ) );
		amplitude.mulAssign( diminish );
		p.mulAssign( lacunarity );

	} );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_fractal_noise_float',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'octaves', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'lacunarity', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'diminish', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_fractal_noise_vec3$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, octaves_immutable, lacunarity_immutable, diminish_immutable ] ) => {

	const diminish = float( diminish_immutable ).toVar();
	const lacunarity = float( lacunarity_immutable ).toVar();
	const octaves = int( octaves_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const result = vec3( 0.0 ).toVar();
	const amplitude = float( 1.0 ).toVar();

	Loop( octaves, () => {

		result.addAssign( amplitude.mul( mx_perlin_noise_vec3( p ) ) );
		amplitude.mulAssign( diminish );
		p.mulAssign( lacunarity );

	} );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_fractal_noise_vec3',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'octaves', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'lacunarity', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'diminish', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_fractal_noise_vec2$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, octaves_immutable, lacunarity_immutable, diminish_immutable ] ) => {

	const diminish = float( diminish_immutable ).toVar();
	const lacunarity = float( lacunarity_immutable ).toVar();
	const octaves = int( octaves_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();

	return vec2( mx_fractal_noise_float$1( p, octaves, lacunarity, diminish ), mx_fractal_noise_float$1( p.add( vec3( int( 19 ), int( 193 ), int( 17 ) ) ), octaves, lacunarity, diminish ) );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_fractal_noise_vec2',
	type: 'vec2',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'octaves', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'lacunarity', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'diminish', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_fractal_noise_vec4$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, octaves_immutable, lacunarity_immutable, diminish_immutable ] ) => {

	const diminish = float( diminish_immutable ).toVar();
	const lacunarity = float( lacunarity_immutable ).toVar();
	const octaves = int( octaves_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const c = vec3( mx_fractal_noise_vec3$1( p, octaves, lacunarity, diminish ) ).toVar();
	const f = float( mx_fractal_noise_float$1( p.add( vec3( int( 19 ), int( 193 ), int( 17 ) ) ), octaves, lacunarity, diminish ) ).toVar();

	return vec4( c, f );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_fractal_noise_vec4',
	type: 'vec4',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'octaves', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'lacunarity', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'diminish', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_distance_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, x_immutable, y_immutable, xoff_immutable, yoff_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const yoff = int( yoff_immutable ).toVar();
	const xoff = int( xoff_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const tmp = vec3( mx_cell_noise_vec3( vec2( x.add( xoff ), y.add( yoff ) ) ) ).toVar();
	const off = vec2( tmp.x, tmp.y ).toVar();
	off.subAssign( 0.5 );
	off.mulAssign( jitter );
	off.addAssign( 0.5 );
	const cellpos = vec2( vec2( float( x ), float( y ) ).add( off ) ).toVar();
	const diff = vec2( cellpos.sub( p ) ).toVar();

	If( metric.equal( int( 2 ) ), () => {

		return abs( diff.x ).add( abs( diff.y ) );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 3 ) ), () => {

		return max$1( abs( diff.x ), abs( diff.y ) );

	} );

	return dot( diff, diff );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_distance_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' },
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'xoff', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'yoff', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_distance_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, x_immutable, y_immutable, z_immutable, xoff_immutable, yoff_immutable, zoff_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const zoff = int( zoff_immutable ).toVar();
	const yoff = int( yoff_immutable ).toVar();
	const xoff = int( xoff_immutable ).toVar();
	const z = int( z_immutable ).toVar();
	const y = int( y_immutable ).toVar();
	const x = int( x_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const off = vec3( mx_cell_noise_vec3( vec3( x.add( xoff ), y.add( yoff ), z.add( zoff ) ) ) ).toVar();
	off.subAssign( 0.5 );
	off.mulAssign( jitter );
	off.addAssign( 0.5 );
	const cellpos = vec3( vec3( float( x ), float( y ), float( z ) ).add( off ) ).toVar();
	const diff = vec3( cellpos.sub( p ) ).toVar();

	If( metric.equal( int( 2 ) ), () => {

		return abs( diff.x ).add( abs( diff.y ) ).add( abs( diff.z ) );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 3 ) ), () => {

		return max$1( abs( diff.x ), abs( diff.y ), abs( diff.z ) );

	} );

	return dot( diff, diff );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_distance_1',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'x', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'y', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'z', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'xoff', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'yoff', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'zoff', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_distance = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_worley_distance_0, mx_worley_distance_1 ] );

const mx_worley_noise_float_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar();
	const localpos = vec2( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ), mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ) ).toVar();
	const sqdist = float( 1e6 ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'x', condition: '<=' }, ( { x } ) => {

		Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'y', condition: '<=' }, ( { y } ) => {

			const dist = float( mx_worley_distance( localpos, x, y, X, Y, jitter, metric ) ).toVar();
			sqdist.assign( min$1( sqdist, dist ) );

		} );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		sqdist.assign( sqrt( sqdist ) );

	} );

	return sqdist;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_noise_float_0',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_noise_vec2_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar();
	const localpos = vec2( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ), mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ) ).toVar();
	const sqdist = vec2( 1e6, 1e6 ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'x', condition: '<=' }, ( { x } ) => {

		Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'y', condition: '<=' }, ( { y } ) => {

			const dist = float( mx_worley_distance( localpos, x, y, X, Y, jitter, metric ) ).toVar();

			If( dist.lessThan( sqdist.x ), () => {

				sqdist.y.assign( sqdist.x );
				sqdist.x.assign( dist );

			} ).ElseIf( dist.lessThan( sqdist.y ), () => {

				sqdist.y.assign( dist );

			} );

		} );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		sqdist.assign( sqrt( sqdist ) );

	} );

	return sqdist;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_noise_vec2_0',
	type: 'vec2',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_noise_vec3_0 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec2( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar();
	const localpos = vec2( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ), mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ) ).toVar();
	const sqdist = vec3( 1e6, 1e6, 1e6 ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'x', condition: '<=' }, ( { x } ) => {

		Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'y', condition: '<=' }, ( { y } ) => {

			const dist = float( mx_worley_distance( localpos, x, y, X, Y, jitter, metric ) ).toVar();

			If( dist.lessThan( sqdist.x ), () => {

				sqdist.z.assign( sqdist.y );
				sqdist.y.assign( sqdist.x );
				sqdist.x.assign( dist );

			} ).ElseIf( dist.lessThan( sqdist.y ), () => {

				sqdist.z.assign( sqdist.y );
				sqdist.y.assign( dist );

			} ).ElseIf( dist.lessThan( sqdist.z ), () => {

				sqdist.z.assign( dist );

			} );

		} );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		sqdist.assign( sqrt( sqdist ) );

	} );

	return sqdist;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_noise_vec3_0',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec2' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_noise_float_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar(), Z = int().toVar();
	const localpos = vec3( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ), mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ), mx_floorfrac( p.z, Z ) ).toVar();
	const sqdist = float( 1e6 ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'x', condition: '<=' }, ( { x } ) => {

		Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'y', condition: '<=' }, ( { y } ) => {

			Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'z', condition: '<=' }, ( { z } ) => {

				const dist = float( mx_worley_distance( localpos, x, y, z, X, Y, Z, jitter, metric ) ).toVar();
				sqdist.assign( min$1( sqdist, dist ) );

			} );

		} );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		sqdist.assign( sqrt( sqdist ) );

	} );

	return sqdist;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_noise_float_1',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_noise_float$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_worley_noise_float_0, mx_worley_noise_float_1 ] );

const mx_worley_noise_vec2_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar(), Z = int().toVar();
	const localpos = vec3( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ), mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ), mx_floorfrac( p.z, Z ) ).toVar();
	const sqdist = vec2( 1e6, 1e6 ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'x', condition: '<=' }, ( { x } ) => {

		Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'y', condition: '<=' }, ( { y } ) => {

			Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'z', condition: '<=' }, ( { z } ) => {

				const dist = float( mx_worley_distance( localpos, x, y, z, X, Y, Z, jitter, metric ) ).toVar();

				If( dist.lessThan( sqdist.x ), () => {

					sqdist.y.assign( sqdist.x );
					sqdist.x.assign( dist );

				} ).ElseIf( dist.lessThan( sqdist.y ), () => {

					sqdist.y.assign( dist );

				} );

			} );

		} );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		sqdist.assign( sqrt( sqdist ) );

	} );

	return sqdist;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_noise_vec2_1',
	type: 'vec2',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_noise_vec2$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_worley_noise_vec2_0, mx_worley_noise_vec2_1 ] );

const mx_worley_noise_vec3_1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p_immutable, jitter_immutable, metric_immutable ] ) => {

	const metric = int( metric_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const p = vec3( p_immutable ).toVar();
	const X = int().toVar(), Y = int().toVar(), Z = int().toVar();
	const localpos = vec3( mx_floorfrac( p.x, X ), mx_floorfrac( p.y, Y ), mx_floorfrac( p.z, Z ) ).toVar();
	const sqdist = vec3( 1e6, 1e6, 1e6 ).toVar();

	Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'x', condition: '<=' }, ( { x } ) => {

		Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'y', condition: '<=' }, ( { y } ) => {

			Loop( { start: -1, end: int( 1 ), name: 'z', condition: '<=' }, ( { z } ) => {

				const dist = float( mx_worley_distance( localpos, x, y, z, X, Y, Z, jitter, metric ) ).toVar();

				If( dist.lessThan( sqdist.x ), () => {

					sqdist.z.assign( sqdist.y );
					sqdist.y.assign( sqdist.x );
					sqdist.x.assign( dist );

				} ).ElseIf( dist.lessThan( sqdist.y ), () => {

					sqdist.z.assign( sqdist.y );
					sqdist.y.assign( dist );

				} ).ElseIf( dist.lessThan( sqdist.z ), () => {

					sqdist.z.assign( dist );

				} );

			} );

		} );

	} );

	If( metric.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		sqdist.assign( sqrt( sqdist ) );

	} );

	return sqdist;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_worley_noise_vec3_1',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'p', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'metric', type: 'int' }
	]
} );

const mx_worley_noise_vec3$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ overloadingFn( [ mx_worley_noise_vec3_0, mx_worley_noise_vec3_1 ] );

// Unified Noise 2D
const mx_unifiednoise2d$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [
	noiseType_immutable, texcoord_immutable, freq_immutable, offset_immutable,
	jitter_immutable, outmin_immutable, outmax_immutable, clampoutput_immutable,
	octaves_immutable, lacunarity_immutable, diminish_immutable
] ) => {

	const noiseType = int( noiseType_immutable ).toVar();
	const texcoord = vec2( texcoord_immutable ).toVar();
	const freq = vec2( freq_immutable ).toVar();
	const offset = vec2( offset_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const outmin = float( outmin_immutable ).toVar();
	const outmax = float( outmax_immutable ).toVar();
	const clampoutput = bool( clampoutput_immutable ).toVar();
	const octaves = int( octaves_immutable ).toVar();
	const lacunarity = float( lacunarity_immutable ).toVar();
	const diminish = float( diminish_immutable ).toVar();

	// Compute input position
	const p = texcoord.mul( freq ).add( offset );

	const result = float( 0.0 ).toVar();

	// Perlin
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_perlin_noise_vec3( p ) );

	} );

	// Cell
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 1 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_cell_noise_vec3( p ) );

	} );

	// Worley (metric=0 = euclidean)
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 2 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_worley_noise_vec3$1( p, jitter, int( 0 ) ) );

	} );

	// Fractal (use vec3(p, 0.0) for 2D input)
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 3 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_fractal_noise_vec3$1( vec3( p, 0.0 ), octaves, lacunarity, diminish ) );

	} );

	// Remap output to [outmin, outmax]
	result.assign( result.mul( outmax.sub( outmin ) ).add( outmin ) );

	// Clamp if requested
	If( clampoutput, () => {

		result.assign( clamp( result, outmin, outmax ) );

	} );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_unifiednoise2d',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'noiseType', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'texcoord', type: 'vec2' },
		{ name: 'freq', type: 'vec2' },
		{ name: 'offset', type: 'vec2' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'outmin', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'outmax', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'clampoutput', type: 'bool' },
		{ name: 'octaves', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'lacunarity', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'diminish', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

// Unified Noise 3D
const mx_unifiednoise3d$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [
	noiseType_immutable, position_immutable, freq_immutable, offset_immutable,
	jitter_immutable, outmin_immutable, outmax_immutable, clampoutput_immutable,
	octaves_immutable, lacunarity_immutable, diminish_immutable
] ) => {

	const noiseType = int( noiseType_immutable ).toVar();
	const position = vec3( position_immutable ).toVar();
	const freq = vec3( freq_immutable ).toVar();
	const offset = vec3( offset_immutable ).toVar();
	const jitter = float( jitter_immutable ).toVar();
	const outmin = float( outmin_immutable ).toVar();
	const outmax = float( outmax_immutable ).toVar();
	const clampoutput = bool( clampoutput_immutable ).toVar();
	const octaves = int( octaves_immutable ).toVar();
	const lacunarity = float( lacunarity_immutable ).toVar();
	const diminish = float( diminish_immutable ).toVar();

	// Compute input position
	const p = position.mul( freq ).add( offset );

	const result = float( 0.0 ).toVar();

	// Perlin
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_perlin_noise_vec3( p ) );

	} );

	// Cell
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 1 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_cell_noise_vec3( p ) );

	} );

	// Worley (metric=0 = euclidean)
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 2 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_worley_noise_vec3$1( p, jitter, int( 0 ) ) );

	} );

	// Fractal
	If( noiseType.equal( int( 3 ) ), () => {

		result.assign( mx_fractal_noise_vec3$1( p, octaves, lacunarity, diminish ) );

	} );

	// Remap output to [outmin, outmax]
	result.assign( result.mul( outmax.sub( outmin ) ).add( outmin ) );

	// Clamp if requested
	If( clampoutput, () => {

		result.assign( clamp( result, outmin, outmax ) );

	} );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_unifiednoise3d',
	type: 'float',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'noiseType', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'position', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'freq', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'offset', type: 'vec3' },
		{ name: 'jitter', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'outmin', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'outmax', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'clampoutput', type: 'bool' },
		{ name: 'octaves', type: 'int' },
		{ name: 'lacunarity', type: 'float' },
		{ name: 'diminish', type: 'float' }
	]
} );

// Three.js Transpiler
// https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/MaterialX/blob/main/libraries/stdlib/genglsl/lib/mx_hsv.glsl


const mx_hsvtorgb = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ hsv ] ) => {

	const s = hsv.y;
	const v = hsv.z;

	const result = vec3().toVar();

	If( s.lessThan( 0.0001 ), () => {

		result.assign( vec3( v, v, v ) );

	} ).Else( () => {

		let h = hsv.x;
		h = h.sub( floor( h ) ).mul( 6.0 ).toVar(); // TODO: check what .toVar() is needed in node system cache
		const hi = int( trunc( h ) );
		const f = h.sub( float( hi ) );
		const p = v.mul( s.oneMinus() );
		const q = v.mul( s.mul( f ).oneMinus() );
		const t = v.mul( s.mul( f.oneMinus() ).oneMinus() );

		If( hi.equal( int( 0 ) ), () => {

			result.assign( vec3( v, t, p ) );

		} ).ElseIf( hi.equal( int( 1 ) ), () => {

			result.assign( vec3( q, v, p ) );

		} ).ElseIf( hi.equal( int( 2 ) ), () => {

			result.assign( vec3( p, v, t ) );

		} ).ElseIf( hi.equal( int( 3 ) ), () => {

			result.assign( vec3( p, q, v ) );

		} ).ElseIf( hi.equal( int( 4 ) ), () => {

			result.assign( vec3( t, p, v ) );

		} ).Else( () => {

			result.assign( vec3( v, p, q ) );

		} );

	} );

	return result;

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_hsvtorgb',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'hsv', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_rgbtohsv = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ c_immutable ] ) => {

	const c = vec3( c_immutable ).toVar();
	const r = float( c.x ).toVar();
	const g = float( c.y ).toVar();
	const b = float( c.z ).toVar();
	const mincomp = float( min$1( r, min$1( g, b ) ) ).toVar();
	const maxcomp = float( max$1( r, max$1( g, b ) ) ).toVar();
	const delta = float( maxcomp.sub( mincomp ) ).toVar();
	const h = float().toVar(), s = float().toVar(), v = float().toVar();
	v.assign( maxcomp );

	If( maxcomp.greaterThan( 0.0 ), () => {

		s.assign( delta.div( maxcomp ) );

	} ).Else( () => {

		s.assign( 0.0 );

	} );

	If( s.lessThanEqual( 0.0 ), () => {

		h.assign( 0.0 );

	} ).Else( () => {

		If( r.greaterThanEqual( maxcomp ), () => {

			h.assign( g.sub( b ).div( delta ) );

		} ).ElseIf( g.greaterThanEqual( maxcomp ), () => {

			h.assign( add( 2.0, b.sub( r ).div( delta ) ) );

		} ).Else( () => {

			h.assign( add( 4.0, r.sub( g ).div( delta ) ) );

		} );

		h.mulAssign( 1.0 / 6.0 );

		If( h.lessThan( 0.0 ), () => {

			h.addAssign( 1.0 );

		} );

	} );

	return vec3( h, s, v );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_rgbtohsv',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'c', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

// Three.js Transpiler
// https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/MaterialX/blob/main/libraries/stdlib/genglsl/lib/mx_transform_color.glsl


const mx_srgb_texture_to_lin_rec709 = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ color_immutable ] ) => {

	const color = vec3( color_immutable ).toVar();
	const isAbove = bvec3( greaterThan( color, vec3( 0.04045 ) ) ).toVar();
	const linSeg = vec3( color.div( 12.92 ) ).toVar();
	const powSeg = vec3( pow( max$1( color.add( vec3( 0.055 ) ), vec3( 0.0 ) ).div( 1.055 ), vec3( 2.4 ) ) ).toVar();

	return mix( linSeg, powSeg, isAbove );

} ).setLayout( {
	name: 'mx_srgb_texture_to_lin_rec709',
	type: 'vec3',
	inputs: [
		{ name: 'color', type: 'vec3' }
	]
} );

const mx_aastep = ( threshold, value ) => {

	threshold = float( threshold );
	value = float( value );

	const afwidth = vec2( value.dFdx(), value.dFdy() ).length().mul( 0.70710678118654757 );

	return smoothstep( threshold.sub( afwidth ), threshold.add( afwidth ), value );

};

const _ramp = ( a, b, uv, p ) => mix( a, b, uv[ p ].clamp() );
const mx_ramplr = ( valuel, valuer, texcoord = uv$1() ) => _ramp( valuel, valuer, texcoord, 'x' );
const mx_ramptb = ( valuet, valueb, texcoord = uv$1() ) => _ramp( valuet, valueb, texcoord, 'y' );

// Bilinear ramp: interpolate between four corners (tl, tr, bl, br) using texcoord.x and texcoord.y
const mx_ramp4 = (
	valuetl, valuetr, valuebl, valuebr, texcoord = uv$1()
) => {

	const u = texcoord.x.clamp();
	const v = texcoord.y.clamp();
	const top = mix( valuetl, valuetr, u );
	const bottom = mix( valuebl, valuebr, u );
	return mix( top, bottom, v );

};

const _split = ( a, b, center, uv, p ) => mix( a, b, mx_aastep( center, uv[ p ] ) );
const mx_splitlr = ( valuel, valuer, center, texcoord = uv$1() ) => _split( valuel, valuer, center, texcoord, 'x' );
const mx_splittb = ( valuet, valueb, center, texcoord = uv$1() ) => _split( valuet, valueb, center, texcoord, 'y' );

const mx_transform_uv = ( uv_scale = 1, uv_offset = 0, uv_geo = uv$1() ) => uv_geo.mul( uv_scale ).add( uv_offset );

const mx_safepower = ( in1, in2 = 1 ) => {

	in1 = float( in1 );

	return in1.abs().pow( in2 ).mul( in1.sign() );

};

const mx_contrast = ( input, amount = 1, pivot = .5 ) => float( input ).sub( pivot ).mul( amount ).add( pivot );

const mx_noise_float = ( texcoord = uv$1(), amplitude = 1, pivot = 0 ) => mx_perlin_noise_float( texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ) ).mul( amplitude ).add( pivot );
//export const mx_noise_vec2 = ( texcoord = uv(), amplitude = 1, pivot = 0 ) => mx_perlin_noise_vec3( texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ) ).mul( amplitude ).add( pivot );
const mx_noise_vec3 = ( texcoord = uv$1(), amplitude = 1, pivot = 0 ) => mx_perlin_noise_vec3( texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ) ).mul( amplitude ).add( pivot );
const mx_noise_vec4 = ( texcoord = uv$1(), amplitude = 1, pivot = 0 ) => {

	texcoord = texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ); // overloading type

	const noise_vec4 = vec4( mx_perlin_noise_vec3( texcoord ), mx_perlin_noise_float( texcoord.add( vec2( 19, 73 ) ) ) );

	return noise_vec4.mul( amplitude ).add( pivot );

};

const mx_unifiednoise2d = ( noiseType, texcoord = uv$1(), freq = vec2( 1, 1 ), offset = vec2( 0, 0 ), jitter = 1, outmin = 0, outmax = 1, clampoutput = false, octaves = 1, lacunarity = 2, diminish = .5 ) => mx_unifiednoise2d$1( noiseType, texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ), freq, offset, jitter, outmin, outmax, clampoutput, octaves, lacunarity, diminish );
const mx_unifiednoise3d = ( noiseType, texcoord = uv$1(), freq = vec2( 1, 1 ), offset = vec2( 0, 0 ), jitter = 1, outmin = 0, outmax = 1, clampoutput = false, octaves = 1, lacunarity = 2, diminish = .5 ) => mx_unifiednoise3d$1( noiseType, texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ), freq, offset, jitter, outmin, outmax, clampoutput, octaves, lacunarity, diminish );

const mx_worley_noise_float = ( texcoord = uv$1(), jitter = 1 ) => mx_worley_noise_float$1( texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ), jitter, int( 1 ) );
const mx_worley_noise_vec2 = ( texcoord = uv$1(), jitter = 1 ) => mx_worley_noise_vec2$1( texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ), jitter, int( 1 ) );
const mx_worley_noise_vec3 = ( texcoord = uv$1(), jitter = 1 ) => mx_worley_noise_vec3$1( texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ), jitter, int( 1 ) );

const mx_cell_noise_float = ( texcoord = uv$1() ) => mx_cell_noise_float$1( texcoord.convert( 'vec2|vec3' ) );

const mx_fractal_noise_float = ( position = uv$1(), octaves = 3, lacunarity = 2, diminish = .5, amplitude = 1 ) => mx_fractal_noise_float$1( position, int( octaves ), lacunarity, diminish ).mul( amplitude );
const mx_fractal_noise_vec2 = ( position = uv$1(), octaves = 3, lacunarity = 2, diminish = .5, amplitude = 1 ) => mx_fractal_noise_vec2$1( position, int( octaves ), lacunarity, diminish ).mul( amplitude );
const mx_fractal_noise_vec3 = ( position = uv$1(), octaves = 3, lacunarity = 2, diminish = .5, amplitude = 1 ) => mx_fractal_noise_vec3$1( position, int( octaves ), lacunarity, diminish ).mul( amplitude );
const mx_fractal_noise_vec4 = ( position = uv$1(), octaves = 3, lacunarity = 2, diminish = .5, amplitude = 1 ) => mx_fractal_noise_vec4$1( position, int( octaves ), lacunarity, diminish ).mul( amplitude );

// === Moved from MaterialXLoader.js ===

// Math ops
const mx_add = ( in1, in2 = float( 0 ) ) => add( in1, in2 );
const mx_subtract = ( in1, in2 = float( 0 ) ) => sub( in1, in2 );
const mx_multiply = ( in1, in2 = float( 1 ) ) => mul( in1, in2 );
const mx_divide = ( in1, in2 = float( 1 ) ) => div( in1, in2 );
const mx_modulo = ( in1, in2 = float( 1 ) ) => mod( in1, in2 );
const mx_power = ( in1, in2 = float( 1 ) ) => pow( in1, in2 );
const mx_atan2 = ( in1 = float( 0 ), in2 = float( 1 ) ) => atan( in1, in2 );
const mx_timer = () => time;
const mx_frame = () => frameId;
const mx_invert = ( in1, amount = float( 1 ) ) => sub( amount, in1 );
const mx_ifgreater = ( value1, value2, in1, in2 ) => value1.greaterThan( value2 ).mix( in1, in2 );
const mx_ifgreatereq = ( value1, value2, in1, in2 ) => value1.greaterThanEqual( value2 ).mix( in1, in2 );
const mx_ifequal = ( value1, value2, in1, in2 ) => value1.equal( value2 ).mix( in1, in2 );

// Enhanced separate node to support multi-output referencing (outx, outy, outz, outw)
const mx_separate = ( in1, channelOrOut = null ) => {

	if ( typeof channelOrOut === 'string' ) {

		const map = { x: 0, r: 0, y: 1, g: 1, z: 2, b: 2, w: 3, a: 3 };
		const c = channelOrOut.replace( /^out/, '' ).toLowerCase();
		if ( map[ c ] !== undefined ) return in1.element( map[ c ] );

	}

	if ( typeof channelOrOut === 'number' ) {

		return in1.element( channelOrOut );

	}

	if ( typeof channelOrOut === 'string' && channelOrOut.length === 1 ) {

		const map = { x: 0, r: 0, y: 1, g: 1, z: 2, b: 2, w: 3, a: 3 };
		if ( map[ channelOrOut ] !== undefined ) return in1.element( map[ channelOrOut ] );

	}

	return in1;

};

const mx_place2d = (
	texcoord, pivot = vec2( 0.5, 0.5 ), scale = vec2( 1, 1 ), rotate = float( 0 ), offset = vec2( 0, 0 )/*, operationorder = int( 0 )*/
) => {

	let uv = texcoord;
	if ( pivot ) uv = uv.sub( pivot );
	if ( scale ) uv = uv.mul( scale );
	if ( rotate ) {

		const rad = rotate.mul( Math.PI / 180.0 );
		const cosR = rad.cos();
		const sinR = rad.sin();
		uv = vec2(
			uv.x.mul( cosR ).sub( uv.y.mul( sinR ) ),
			uv.x.mul( sinR ).add( uv.y.mul( cosR ) )
		);

	}

	if ( pivot ) uv = uv.add( pivot );
	if ( offset ) uv = uv.add( offset );
	return uv;

};

const mx_rotate2d = ( input, amount ) => {

	input = vec2( input );
	amount = float( amount );

	const radians = amount.mul( Math.PI / 180.0 );
	return rotate( input, radians );

};

const mx_rotate3d = ( input, amount, axis ) => {

	input = vec3( input );
	amount = float( amount );
	axis = vec3( axis );


	const radians = amount.mul( Math.PI / 180.0 );
	const nAxis = axis.normalize();
	const cosA = radians.cos();
	const sinA = radians.sin();
	const oneMinusCosA = float( 1 ).sub( cosA );
	const rot =
		input.mul( cosA )
			.add( nAxis.cross( input ).mul( sinA ) )
			.add( nAxis.mul( nAxis.dot( input ) ).mul( oneMinusCosA ) );
	return rot;

};

const mx_heighttonormal = ( input, scale/*, texcoord*/ ) => {

	input = vec3( input );
	scale = float( scale );

	return bumpMap( input, scale );

};

/**
 * This computes a parallax corrected normal which is used for box-projected cube mapping (BPCEM).
 *
 * Reference: {@link https://devlog-martinsh.blogspot.com/2011/09/box-projected-cube-environment-mapping.html}
 *
 * ```js
 * const uvNode = getParallaxCorrectNormal( reflectVector, vec3( 200, 100, 100 ), vec3( 0, - 50, 0 ) );
 * material.envNode = pmremTexture( renderTarget.texture, uvNode );
 * ```
 *
 * @tsl
 * @function
 * @param {Node<vec3>} normal - The normal to correct.
 * @param {Node<vec3>} cubeSize - The cube size should reflect the size of the environment (BPCEM is usually applied in closed environments like rooms).
 * @param {Node<vec3>} cubePos - The cube position.
 * @return {Node<vec3>} The parallax corrected normal.
 */
const getParallaxCorrectNormal = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ normal, cubeSize, cubePos ] ) => {

	const nDir = normalize( normal ).toVar();
	const rbmax = sub( float( 0.5 ).mul( cubeSize.sub( cubePos ) ), positionWorld ).div( nDir ).toVar();
	const rbmin = sub( float( -0.5 ).mul( cubeSize.sub( cubePos ) ), positionWorld ).div( nDir ).toVar();
	const rbminmax = vec3().toVar();
	rbminmax.x = nDir.x.greaterThan( float( 0 ) ).select( rbmax.x, rbmin.x );
	rbminmax.y = nDir.y.greaterThan( float( 0 ) ).select( rbmax.y, rbmin.y );
	rbminmax.z = nDir.z.greaterThan( float( 0 ) ).select( rbmax.z, rbmin.z );

	const correction = min$1( rbminmax.x, rbminmax.y, rbminmax.z ).toVar();
	const boxIntersection = positionWorld.add( nDir.mul( correction ) ).toVar();
	return boxIntersection.sub( cubePos );

} );

const getShIrradianceAt = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ normal, shCoefficients ] ) => {

	// normal is assumed to have unit length

	const x = normal.x, y = normal.y, z = normal.z;

	// band 0
	let result = shCoefficients.element( 0 ).mul( 0.886227 );

	// band 1
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 1 ).mul( 2.0 * 0.511664 ).mul( y ) );
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 2 ).mul( 2.0 * 0.511664 ).mul( z ) );
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 3 ).mul( 2.0 * 0.511664 ).mul( x ) );

	// band 2
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 4 ).mul( 2.0 * 0.429043 ).mul( x ).mul( y ) );
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 5 ).mul( 2.0 * 0.429043 ).mul( y ).mul( z ) );
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 6 ).mul( z.mul( z ).mul( 0.743125 ).sub( 0.247708 ) ) );
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 7 ).mul( 2.0 * 0.429043 ).mul( x ).mul( z ) );
	result = result.add( shCoefficients.element( 8 ).mul( 0.429043 ).mul( mul( x, x ).sub( mul( y, y ) ) ) );

	return result;

} );

// constants

var TSL = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
	__proto__: null,
	BRDF_GGX: BRDF_GGX,
	BRDF_Lambert: BRDF_Lambert,
	BasicPointShadowFilter: BasicPointShadowFilter,
	BasicShadowFilter: BasicShadowFilter,
	Break: Break,
	Const: Const,
	Continue: Continue,
	DFGLUT: DFGLUT,
	D_GGX: D_GGX,
	Discard: Discard,
	EPSILON: EPSILON,
	F_Schlick: F_Schlick,
	Fn: Fn,
	HALF_PI: HALF_PI,
	INFINITY: INFINITY,
	If: If,
	Loop: Loop,
	NodeAccess: NodeAccess,
	NodeShaderStage: NodeShaderStage,
	NodeType: NodeType,
	NodeUpdateType: NodeUpdateType,
	OnBeforeFrameUpdate: OnBeforeFrameUpdate,
	OnBeforeMaterialUpdate: OnBeforeMaterialUpdate,
	OnBeforeObjectUpdate: OnBeforeObjectUpdate,
	OnFrameUpdate: OnFrameUpdate,
	OnMaterialUpdate: OnMaterialUpdate,
	OnObjectUpdate: OnObjectUpdate,
	PCFShadowFilter: PCFShadowFilter,
	PI: PI,
	PI2: PI2,
	PointShadowFilter: PointShadowFilter,
	Return: Return,
	Schlick_to_F0: Schlick_to_F0,
	ShaderNode: ShaderNode,
	Stack: Stack,
	Switch: Switch,
	TBNViewMatrix: TBNViewMatrix,
	TWO_PI: TWO_PI,
	VSMShadowFilter: VSMShadowFilter,
	V_GGX_SmithCorrelated: V_GGX_SmithCorrelated,
	Var: Var,
	VarIntent: VarIntent,
	abs: abs,
	acesFilmicToneMapping: acesFilmicToneMapping,
	acos: acos,
	acosh: acosh,
	add: add,
	addMethodChaining: addMethodChaining,
	addNodeElement: addNodeElement,
	agxToneMapping: agxToneMapping,
	all: all,
	alphaT: alphaT,
	ambientOcclusion: ambientOcclusion,
	and: and,
	anisotropy: anisotropy,
	anisotropyB: anisotropyB,
	anisotropyT: anisotropyT,
	any: any,
	array: array,
	asin: asin,
	asinh: asinh,
	assign: assign,
	atan: atan,
	atanh: atanh,
	atomicAdd: atomicAdd,
	atomicAnd: atomicAnd,
	atomicFunc: atomicFunc,
	atomicLoad: atomicLoad,
	atomicMax: atomicMax,
	atomicMin: atomicMin,
	atomicOr: atomicOr,
	atomicStore: atomicStore,
	atomicSub: atomicSub,
	atomicXor: atomicXor,
	attenuationColor: attenuationColor,
	attenuationDistance: attenuationDistance,
	attribute: attribute,
	attributeArray: attributeArray,
	backgroundBlurriness: backgroundBlurriness,
	backgroundIntensity: backgroundIntensity,
	backgroundRotation: backgroundRotation,
	batch: batch,
	batchColor: batchColor,
	bentNormalView: bentNormalView,
	billboarding: billboarding,
	bitAnd: bitAnd,
	bitNot: bitNot,
	bitOr: bitOr,
	bitXor: bitXor,
	bitangentGeometry: bitangentGeometry,
	bitangentLocal: bitangentLocal,
	bitangentView: bitangentView,
	bitangentWorld: bitangentWorld,
	bitcast: bitcast,
	blendBurn: blendBurn,
	blendColor: blendColor,
	blendDodge: blendDodge,
	blendOverlay: blendOverlay,
	blendScreen: blendScreen,
	bool: bool,
	buffer: buffer,
	bufferAttribute: bufferAttribute,
	builtin: builtin,
	builtinAOContext: builtinAOContext,
	builtinShadowContext: builtinShadowContext,
	bumpMap: bumpMap,
	bvec2: bvec2,
	bvec3: bvec3,
	bvec4: bvec4,
	bypass: bypass,
	cache: cache,
	call: call,
	cameraFar: cameraFar,
	cameraIndex: cameraIndex,
	cameraNear: cameraNear,
	cameraNormalMatrix: cameraNormalMatrix,
	cameraPosition: cameraPosition,
	cameraProjectionMatrix: cameraProjectionMatrix,
	cameraProjectionMatrixInverse: cameraProjectionMatrixInverse,
	cameraViewMatrix: cameraViewMatrix,
	cameraViewport: cameraViewport,
	cameraWorldMatrix: cameraWorldMatrix,
	cbrt: cbrt,
	cdl: cdl,
	ceil: ceil,
	checker: checker,
	cineonToneMapping: cineonToneMapping,
	clamp: clamp,
	clearcoat: clearcoat,
	clearcoatNormalView: clearcoatNormalView,
	clearcoatRoughness: clearcoatRoughness,
	clipSpace: clipSpace,
	code: code,
	color: color,
	colorSpaceToWorking: colorSpaceToWorking,
	colorToDirection: colorToDirection,
	compute: compute,
	computeKernel: computeKernel,
	computeSkinning: computeSkinning,
	context: context,
	convert: convert,
	convertColorSpace: convertColorSpace,
	convertToTexture: convertToTexture,
	cos: cos,
	cosh: cosh,
	countLeadingZeros: countLeadingZeros,
	countOneBits: countOneBits,
	countTrailingZeros: countTrailingZeros,
	cross: cross,
	cubeTexture: cubeTexture,
	cubeTextureBase: cubeTextureBase,
	dFdx: dFdx,
	dFdy: dFdy,
	dashSize: dashSize,
	debug: debug,
	decrement: decrement,
	decrementBefore: decrementBefore,
	defaultBuildStages: defaultBuildStages,
	defaultShaderStages: defaultShaderStages,
	defined: defined,
	degrees: degrees,
	deltaTime: deltaTime,
	densityFogFactor: densityFogFactor,
	depth: depth,
	depthPass: depthPass,
	determinant: determinant,
	difference: difference,
	diffuseColor: diffuseColor,
	diffuseContribution: diffuseContribution,
	directPointLight: directPointLight,
	directionToColor: directionToColor,
	directionToFaceDirection: directionToFaceDirection,
	dispersion: dispersion,
	disposeShadowMaterial: disposeShadowMaterial,
	distance: distance,
	div: div,
	dot: dot,
	drawIndex: drawIndex,
	dynamicBufferAttribute: dynamicBufferAttribute,
	element: element,
	emissive: emissive,
	equal: equal,
	equirectDirection: equirectDirection,
	equirectUV: equirectUV,
	exp: exp,
	exp2: exp2,
	exponentialHeightFogFactor: exponentialHeightFogFactor,
	expression: expression,
	faceDirection: faceDirection,
	faceForward: faceForward,
	faceforward: faceforward,
	float: float,
	floatBitsToInt: floatBitsToInt,
	floatBitsToUint: floatBitsToUint,
	floor: floor,
	fog: fog,
	fract: fract,
	frameGroup: frameGroup,
	frameId: frameId,
	frontFacing: frontFacing,
	fwidth: fwidth,
	gain: gain,
	gapSize: gapSize,
	getConstNodeType: getConstNodeType,
	getCurrentStack: getCurrentStack,
	getDistanceAttenuation: getDistanceAttenuation,
	getGeometryRoughness: getGeometryRoughness,
	getNormalFromDepth: getNormalFromDepth,
	getParallaxCorrectNormal: getParallaxCorrectNormal,
	getRoughness: getRoughness,
	getScreenPosition: getScreenPosition,
	getScreenPositionFromClip: getScreenPositionFromClip,
	getShIrradianceAt: getShIrradianceAt,
	getShadowMaterial: getShadowMaterial,
	getShadowRenderObjectFunction: getShadowRenderObjectFunction,
	getTextureIndex: getTextureIndex,
	getViewPosition: getViewPosition,
	globalId: globalId,
	glsl: glsl,
	glslFn: glslFn,
	grayscale: grayscale,
	greaterThan: greaterThan,
	greaterThanEqual: greaterThanEqual,
	hash: hash,
	highpModelNormalViewMatrix: highpModelNormalViewMatrix,
	highpModelViewMatrix: highpModelViewMatrix,
	hue: hue,
	increment: increment,
	incrementBefore: incrementBefore,
	inspector: inspector,
	instance: instance,
	instanceColor: instanceColor,
	instanceIndex: instanceIndex,
	instancedArray: instancedArray,
	instancedBufferAttribute: instancedBufferAttribute,
	instancedDynamicBufferAttribute: instancedDynamicBufferAttribute,
	instancedMesh: instancedMesh,
	int: int,
	intBitsToFloat: intBitsToFloat,
	interleavedGradientNoise: interleavedGradientNoise,
	inverse: inverse,
	inverseSqrt: inverseSqrt,
	inversesqrt: inversesqrt,
	invocationLocalIndex: invocationLocalIndex,
	invocationSubgroupIndex: invocationSubgroupIndex,
	ior: ior,
	iridescence: iridescence,
	iridescenceIOR: iridescenceIOR,
	iridescenceThickness: iridescenceThickness,
	isolate: isolate,
	ivec2: ivec2,
	ivec3: ivec3,
	ivec4: ivec4,
	js: js,
	label: label,
	length: length,
	lengthSq: lengthSq,
	lessThan: lessThan,
	lessThanEqual: lessThanEqual,
	lightPosition: lightPosition,
	lightProjectionUV: lightProjectionUV,
	lightShadowMatrix: lightShadowMatrix,
	lightTargetDirection: lightTargetDirection,
	lightTargetPosition: lightTargetPosition,
	lightViewPosition: lightViewPosition,
	lightingContext: lightingContext,
	lights: lights,
	linearDepth: linearDepth,
	linearToneMapping: linearToneMapping,
	localId: localId,
	log: log,
	log2: log2,
	logarithmicDepthToViewZ: logarithmicDepthToViewZ,
	luminance: luminance,
	mat2: mat2,
	mat3: mat3,
	mat4: mat4,
	matcapUV: matcapUV,
	materialAO: materialAO,
	materialAlphaTest: materialAlphaTest,
	materialAnisotropy: materialAnisotropy,
	materialAnisotropyVector: materialAnisotropyVector,
	materialAttenuationColor: materialAttenuationColor,
	materialAttenuationDistance: materialAttenuationDistance,
	materialClearcoat: materialClearcoat,
	materialClearcoatNormal: materialClearcoatNormal,
	materialClearcoatRoughness: materialClearcoatRoughness,
	materialColor: materialColor,
	materialDispersion: materialDispersion,
	materialEmissive: materialEmissive,
	materialEnvIntensity: materialEnvIntensity,
	materialEnvRotation: materialEnvRotation,
	materialIOR: materialIOR,
	materialIridescence: materialIridescence,
	materialIridescenceIOR: materialIridescenceIOR,
	materialIridescenceThickness: materialIridescenceThickness,
	materialLightMap: materialLightMap,
	materialLineDashOffset: materialLineDashOffset,
	materialLineDashSize: materialLineDashSize,
	materialLineGapSize: materialLineGapSize,
	materialLineScale: materialLineScale,
	materialLineWidth: materialLineWidth,
	materialMetalness: materialMetalness,
	materialNormal: materialNormal,
	materialOpacity: materialOpacity,
	materialPointSize: materialPointSize,
	materialReference: materialReference,
	materialReflectivity: materialReflectivity,
	materialRefractionRatio: materialRefractionRatio,
	materialRetroreflective: materialRetroreflective,
	materialRotation: materialRotation,
	materialRoughness: materialRoughness,
	materialSheen: materialSheen,
	materialSheenRoughness: materialSheenRoughness,
	materialShininess: materialShininess,
	materialSpecular: materialSpecular,
	materialSpecularColor: materialSpecularColor,
	materialSpecularIntensity: materialSpecularIntensity,
	materialSpecularStrength: materialSpecularStrength,
	materialThickness: materialThickness,
	materialTransmission: materialTransmission,
	max: max$1,
	maxMipLevel: maxMipLevel,
	mediumpModelViewMatrix: mediumpModelViewMatrix,
	metalness: metalness,
	min: min$1,
	mix: mix,
	mixElement: mixElement,
	mod: mod,
	modelDirection: modelDirection,
	modelNormalMatrix: modelNormalMatrix,
	modelPosition: modelPosition,
	modelRadius: modelRadius,
	modelScale: modelScale,
	modelViewMatrix: modelViewMatrix,
	modelViewPosition: modelViewPosition,
	modelViewProjection: modelViewProjection,
	modelWorldMatrix: modelWorldMatrix,
	modelWorldMatrixInverse: modelWorldMatrixInverse,
	morphReference: morphReference,
	mrt: mrt,
	mul: mul,
	mx_aastep: mx_aastep,
	mx_add: mx_add,
	mx_atan2: mx_atan2,
	mx_cell_noise_float: mx_cell_noise_float,
	mx_contrast: mx_contrast,
	mx_divide: mx_divide,
	mx_fractal_noise_float: mx_fractal_noise_float,
	mx_fractal_noise_vec2: mx_fractal_noise_vec2,
	mx_fractal_noise_vec3: mx_fractal_noise_vec3,
	mx_fractal_noise_vec4: mx_fractal_noise_vec4,
	mx_frame: mx_frame,
	mx_heighttonormal: mx_heighttonormal,
	mx_hsvtorgb: mx_hsvtorgb,
	mx_ifequal: mx_ifequal,
	mx_ifgreater: mx_ifgreater,
	mx_ifgreatereq: mx_ifgreatereq,
	mx_invert: mx_invert,
	mx_modulo: mx_modulo,
	mx_multiply: mx_multiply,
	mx_noise_float: mx_noise_float,
	mx_noise_vec3: mx_noise_vec3,
	mx_noise_vec4: mx_noise_vec4,
	mx_place2d: mx_place2d,
	mx_power: mx_power,
	mx_ramp4: mx_ramp4,
	mx_ramplr: mx_ramplr,
	mx_ramptb: mx_ramptb,
	mx_rgbtohsv: mx_rgbtohsv,
	mx_rotate2d: mx_rotate2d,
	mx_rotate3d: mx_rotate3d,
	mx_safepower: mx_safepower,
	mx_separate: mx_separate,
	mx_splitlr: mx_splitlr,
	mx_splittb: mx_splittb,
	mx_srgb_texture_to_lin_rec709: mx_srgb_texture_to_lin_rec709,
	mx_subtract: mx_subtract,
	mx_timer: mx_timer,
	mx_transform_uv: mx_transform_uv,
	mx_unifiednoise2d: mx_unifiednoise2d,
	mx_unifiednoise3d: mx_unifiednoise3d,
	mx_worley_noise_float: mx_worley_noise_float,
	mx_worley_noise_vec2: mx_worley_noise_vec2,
	mx_worley_noise_vec3: mx_worley_noise_vec3,
	negate: negate,
	negateOnBackSide: negateOnBackSide,
	neutralToneMapping: neutralToneMapping,
	nodeArray: nodeArray,
	nodeImmutable: nodeImmutable,
	nodeObject: nodeObject,
	nodeObjectIntent: nodeObjectIntent,
	nodeObjects: nodeObjects,
	nodeProxy: nodeProxy,
	nodeProxyConstructor: nodeProxyConstructor,
	nodeProxyIntent: nodeProxyIntent,
	normalFlat: normalFlat,
	normalGeometry: normalGeometry,
	normalLocal: normalLocal,
	normalMap: normalMap,
	normalView: normalView,
	normalViewGeometry: normalViewGeometry,
	normalWorld: normalWorld,
	normalWorldGeometry: normalWorldGeometry,
	normalize: normalize,
	not: not,
	notEqual: notEqual,
	numWorkgroups: numWorkgroups,
	objectDirection: objectDirection,
	objectGroup: objectGroup,
	objectPosition: objectPosition,
	objectRadius: objectRadius,
	objectScale: objectScale,
	objectViewPosition: objectViewPosition,
	objectWorldMatrix: objectWorldMatrix,
	oneMinus: oneMinus,
	or: or,
	orthographicDepthToViewZ: orthographicDepthToViewZ,
	oscSawtooth: oscSawtooth,
	oscSine: oscSine,
	oscSquare: oscSquare,
	oscTriangle: oscTriangle,
	output: output,
	outputStruct: outputStruct,
	overloadingFn: overloadingFn,
	overrideNode: overrideNode,
	overrideNodes: overrideNodes,
	packHalf2x16: packHalf2x16,
	packNormalToRGB: packNormalToRGB,
	packSnorm2x16: packSnorm2x16,
	packUnorm2x16: packUnorm2x16,
	parabola: parabola,
	parallaxDirection: parallaxDirection,
	parallaxUV: parallaxUV,
	parameter: parameter,
	pass: pass,
	passTexture: passTexture,
	pcurve: pcurve,
	perspectiveDepthToViewZ: perspectiveDepthToViewZ,
	pmremTexture: pmremTexture,
	pointShadow: pointShadow,
	pointUV: pointUV,
	pointWidth: pointWidth,
	positionGeometry: positionGeometry,
	positionLocal: positionLocal,
	positionPrevious: positionPrevious,
	positionView: positionView,
	positionViewDirection: positionViewDirection,
	positionWorld: positionWorld,
	positionWorldDirection: positionWorldDirection,
	posterize: posterize,
	pow: pow,
	pow2: pow2,
	pow3: pow3,
	pow4: pow4,
	premultiplyAlpha: premultiplyAlpha,
	property: property,
	quadBroadcast: quadBroadcast,
	quadSwapDiagonal: quadSwapDiagonal,
	quadSwapX: quadSwapX,
	quadSwapY: quadSwapY,
	radians: radians,
	rand: rand,
	range: range,
	rangeFogFactor: rangeFogFactor,
	reciprocal: reciprocal,
	reference: reference,
	referenceBuffer: referenceBuffer,
	reflect: reflect,
	reflectVector: reflectVector,
	reflectView: reflectView,
	reflector: reflector,
	refract: refract,
	refractVector: refractVector,
	refractView: refractView,
	reinhardToneMapping: reinhardToneMapping,
	remap: remap,
	remapClamp: remapClamp,
	renderGroup: renderGroup,
	renderOutput: renderOutput,
	rendererReference: rendererReference,
	replaceDefaultUV: replaceDefaultUV,
	retroreflective: retroreflective,
	rotate: rotate,
	rotateUV: rotateUV,
	roughness: roughness,
	round: round,
	rtt: rtt,
	sRGBTransferEOTF: sRGBTransferEOTF,
	sRGBTransferOETF: sRGBTransferOETF,
	sample: sample,
	sampler: sampler,
	samplerComparison: samplerComparison,
	saturate: saturate,
	saturation: saturation,
	screenCoordinate: screenCoordinate,
	screenDPR: screenDPR,
	screenSize: screenSize,
	screenUV: screenUV,
	select: select,
	setCurrentStack: setCurrentStack,
	setName: setName,
	shaderStages: shaderStages,
	shadow: shadow,
	shadowPositionWorld: shadowPositionWorld,
	shapeCircle: shapeCircle,
	sharedUniformGroup: sharedUniformGroup,
	sheen: sheen,
	sheenRoughness: sheenRoughness,
	shiftLeft: shiftLeft,
	shiftRight: shiftRight,
	shininess: shininess,
	sign: sign,
	sin: sin,
	sinc: sinc,
	sinh: sinh,
	skinning: skinning,
	smoothstep: smoothstep,
	smoothstepElement: smoothstepElement,
	specularColor: specularColor,
	specularColorBlended: specularColorBlended,
	specularF90: specularF90,
	spherizeUV: spherizeUV,
	split: split,
	spritesheetUV: spritesheetUV,
	sqrt: sqrt,
	stack: stack,
	step: step,
	stepElement: stepElement,
	storage: storage,
	storageBarrier: storageBarrier,
	storageTexture: storageTexture,
	storageTexture3D: storageTexture3D,
	struct: struct,
	sub: sub,
	subBuild: subBuild,
	subgroupAdd: subgroupAdd,
	subgroupAll: subgroupAll,
	subgroupAnd: subgroupAnd,
	subgroupAny: subgroupAny,
	subgroupBallot: subgroupBallot,
	subgroupBroadcast: subgroupBroadcast,
	subgroupBroadcastFirst: subgroupBroadcastFirst,
	subgroupElect: subgroupElect,
	subgroupExclusiveAdd: subgroupExclusiveAdd,
	subgroupExclusiveMul: subgroupExclusiveMul,
	subgroupInclusiveAdd: subgroupInclusiveAdd,
	subgroupInclusiveMul: subgroupInclusiveMul,
	subgroupIndex: subgroupIndex,
	subgroupMax: subgroupMax,
	subgroupMin: subgroupMin,
	subgroupMul: subgroupMul,
	subgroupOr: subgroupOr,
	subgroupShuffle: subgroupShuffle,
	subgroupShuffleDown: subgroupShuffleDown,
	subgroupShuffleUp: subgroupShuffleUp,
	subgroupShuffleXor: subgroupShuffleXor,
	subgroupSize: subgroupSize,
	subgroupXor: subgroupXor,
	tan: tan,
	tangentGeometry: tangentGeometry,
	tangentLocal: tangentLocal,
	tangentView: tangentView,
	tangentWorld: tangentWorld,
	tanh: tanh,
	texture: texture,
	texture3D: texture3D,
	texture3DLevel: texture3DLevel,
	texture3DLoad: texture3DLoad,
	textureBarrier: textureBarrier,
	textureBicubic: textureBicubic,
	textureBicubicLevel: textureBicubicLevel,
	textureLevel: textureLevel,
	textureLoad: textureLoad,
	textureSize: textureSize,
	textureStore: textureStore,
	thickness: thickness,
	time: time,
	toneMapping: toneMapping,
	toneMappingExposure: toneMappingExposure,
	toonOutlinePass: toonOutlinePass,
	transformDirection: transformDirection,
	transformNormal: transformNormal,
	transformNormalByInverseViewMatrix: transformNormalByInverseViewMatrix,
	transformNormalByViewMatrix: transformNormalByViewMatrix,
	transformNormalToView: transformNormalToView,
	transformedClearcoatNormalView: transformedClearcoatNormalView,
	transformedNormalView: transformedNormalView,
	transformedNormalWorld: transformedNormalWorld,
	transmission: transmission,
	transpose: transpose,
	triNoise3D: triNoise3D,
	triplanarTexture: triplanarTexture,
	triplanarTextures: triplanarTextures,
	trunc: trunc,
	uint: uint,
	uintBitsToFloat: uintBitsToFloat,
	uniform: uniform,
	uniformArray: uniformArray,
	uniformCubeTexture: uniformCubeTexture,
	uniformFlow: uniformFlow,
	uniformGroup: uniformGroup,
	uniformTexture: uniformTexture,
	unpackHalf2x16: unpackHalf2x16,
	unpackNormal: unpackNormal,
	unpackRGBToNormal: unpackRGBToNormal,
	unpackSnorm2x16: unpackSnorm2x16,
	unpackUnorm2x16: unpackUnorm2x16,
	unpremultiplyAlpha: unpremultiplyAlpha,
	userData: userData,
	uv: uv$1,
	uvec2: uvec2,
	uvec3: uvec3,
	uvec4: uvec4,
	varying: varying,
	varyingProperty: varyingProperty,
	vec2: vec2,
	vec3: vec3,
	vec4: vec4,
	vectorComponents: vectorComponents,
	velocity: velocity,
	vertexColor: vertexColor,
	vertexIndex: vertexIndex,
	vertexStage: vertexStage,
	vibrance: vibrance,
	viewZToLogarithmicDepth: viewZToLogarithmicDepth,
	viewZToOrthographicDepth: viewZToOrthographicDepth,
	viewZToPerspectiveDepth: viewZToPerspectiveDepth,
	viewZToReversedOrthographicDepth: viewZToReversedOrthographicDepth,
	viewZToReversedPerspectiveDepth: viewZToReversedPerspectiveDepth,
	viewport: viewport,
	viewportCoordinate: viewportCoordinate,
	viewportDepthTexture: viewportDepthTexture,
	viewportLinearDepth: viewportLinearDepth,
	viewportMipTexture: viewportMipTexture,
	viewportOpaqueMipTexture: viewportOpaqueMipTexture,
	viewportSafeUV: viewportSafeUV,
	viewportSharedTexture: viewportSharedTexture,
	viewportSize: viewportSize,
	viewportTexture: viewportTexture,
	viewportUV: viewportUV,
	vogelDiskSample: vogelDiskSample,
	wgsl: wgsl,
	wgslFn: wgslFn,
	workgroupArray: workgroupArray,
	workgroupBarrier: workgroupBarrier,
	workgroupId: workgroupId,
	workingToColorSpace: workingToColorSpace,
	xor: xor
});

const _clearColor = /*@__PURE__*/ new Color4();

/**
 * This renderer module manages the background.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments DataMap
 */
class Background extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new background management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {NodeManager} nodes - Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, nodes ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * Renderer component for managing nodes related logic.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeManager}
		 */
		this.nodes = nodes;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the background for the given scene. Depending on how `Scene.background`
	 * or `Scene.backgroundNode` are configured, this method might configure a simple clear
	 * or add a mesh to the render list for rendering the background as a textured plane
	 * or skybox.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @param {RenderList} renderList - The current render list.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The current render context.
	 */
	update( scene, renderList, renderContext ) {

		const renderer = this.renderer;
		const background = this.nodes.getBackgroundNode( scene ) || scene.background;

		let forceClear = false;

		if ( background === null ) {

			// no background settings, use clear color configuration from the renderer

			renderer._clearColor.getRGB( _clearColor );
			_clearColor.a = renderer._clearColor.a;

		} else if ( background.isColor === true ) {

			// background is an opaque color

			background.getRGB( _clearColor );
			_clearColor.a = 1;

			forceClear = true;

		} else if ( background.isNode === true ) {

			const sceneData = this.get( scene );
			const backgroundNode = background;

			_clearColor.copy( renderer._clearColor );

			let backgroundMesh = sceneData.backgroundMesh;

			if ( backgroundMesh === undefined ) {

				const backgroundMeshNode = vec4( backgroundNode ).mul( backgroundIntensity ).context( {
					// @TODO: Add Texture2D support using node context
					getUV: () => backgroundRotation.mul( normalWorldGeometry ),
					getTextureLevel: () => backgroundBlurriness
				} );

				// when using orthographic cameras, we must scale the skybox sphere
				// up to exceed the dimensions of the camera's viewing box.
				const isOrtho = cameraProjectionMatrix.element( 3 ).element( 3 ).equal( 1.0 );

				// calculate the orthographic scale
				// projectionMatrix[1][1] is (1 / top). Invert it to get the height and multiply by 3.0
				// (an arbitrary safety factor) to ensure the skybox is large enough to cover the corners
				// of the rectangular screen
				const orthoScale = div( 1.0, cameraProjectionMatrix.element( 1 ).element( 1 ) ).mul( 3.0 );

				// compute vertex position
				const modifiedPosition = isOrtho.select( positionLocal.mul( orthoScale ), positionLocal );

				// by using a w component of 0, the skybox will not translate when the camera moves through the scene
				const viewPosition = modelViewMatrix.mul( vec4( modifiedPosition, 0.0 ) );

				// we force w=1.0 here to prevent the w_clip=0 divide-by-zero error for ortho cameras.
				let viewProj = cameraProjectionMatrix.mul( vec4( viewPosition.xyz, 1.0 ) );

				// force background to far plane so it does not occlude objects
				viewProj = viewProj.setZ( viewProj.w );

				const nodeMaterial = new NodeMaterial();
				nodeMaterial.name = 'Background.material';
				nodeMaterial.side = BackSide;
				nodeMaterial.depthTest = false;
				nodeMaterial.depthWrite = false;
				nodeMaterial.allowOverride = false;
				nodeMaterial.fog = false;
				nodeMaterial.lights = false;
				nodeMaterial.vertexNode = viewProj;
				nodeMaterial.colorNode = backgroundMeshNode;

				sceneData.backgroundMeshNode = backgroundMeshNode;
				sceneData.backgroundMesh = backgroundMesh = new Mesh( new SphereGeometry( 1, 32, 32 ), nodeMaterial );
				backgroundMesh.frustumCulled = false;
				backgroundMesh.name = 'Background.mesh';

				function onBackgroundDispose() {

					background.removeEventListener( 'dispose', onBackgroundDispose );

					backgroundMesh.material.dispose();
					backgroundMesh.geometry.dispose();

				}

				background.addEventListener( 'dispose', onBackgroundDispose );

			}

			const backgroundCacheKey = backgroundNode.getCacheKey();

			if ( sceneData.backgroundCacheKey !== backgroundCacheKey ) {

				sceneData.backgroundMeshNode.node = vec4( backgroundNode ).mul( backgroundIntensity );
				sceneData.backgroundMeshNode.needsUpdate = true;

				backgroundMesh.material.needsUpdate = true;

				sceneData.backgroundCacheKey = backgroundCacheKey;

			}

			renderList.unshift( backgroundMesh, backgroundMesh.geometry, backgroundMesh.material, 0, 0, null, null );

		} else {

			error( 'Renderer: Unsupported background configuration.', background );

		}

		//

		const environmentBlendMode = renderer.xr.getEnvironmentBlendMode();

		if ( environmentBlendMode === 'additive' ) {

			_clearColor.set( 0, 0, 0, 1 );

		} else if ( environmentBlendMode === 'alpha-blend' ) {

			_clearColor.set( 0, 0, 0, 0 );

		}

		//

		if ( renderer.autoClear === true || forceClear === true ) {

			const clearColorValue = renderContext.clearColorValue;

			clearColorValue.r = _clearColor.r;
			clearColorValue.g = _clearColor.g;
			clearColorValue.b = _clearColor.b;
			clearColorValue.a = _clearColor.a;

			// premultiply alpha

			if ( renderer.backend.isWebGLBackend === true || renderer.alpha === true ) {

				clearColorValue.r *= clearColorValue.a;
				clearColorValue.g *= clearColorValue.a;
				clearColorValue.b *= clearColorValue.a;

			}

			//

			renderContext.depthClearValue = renderer.getClearDepth();
			renderContext.stencilClearValue = renderer.getClearStencil();

			renderContext.clearColor = renderer.autoClearColor === true;
			renderContext.clearDepth = renderer.autoClearDepth === true;
			renderContext.clearStencil = renderer.autoClearStencil === true;

		} else {

			renderContext.clearColor = false;
			renderContext.clearDepth = false;
			renderContext.clearStencil = false;

		}

	}

}

let _id$7 = 0;

/**
 * A bind group represents a collection of bindings and thus a collection
 * or resources. Bind groups are assigned to pipelines to provide them
 * with the required resources (like uniform buffers or textures).
 *
 * @private
 */
class BindGroup {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new bind group.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The bind group's name.
	 * @param {Array<Binding>} bindings - An array of bindings.
	 * @param {number} index - The group index.
	 */
	constructor( name = '', bindings = [] ) {

		/**
		 * The bind group's name.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * An array of bindings.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Binding>}
		 */
		this.bindings = bindings;

		/**
		 * The group's ID.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.id = _id$7 ++;

	}

}

/**
 * This module represents the state of a node builder after it was
 * used to build the nodes for a render object. The state holds the
 * results of the build for further processing in the renderer.
 *
 * Render objects with identical cache keys share the same node builder state.
 *
 * @private
 */
class NodeBuilderState {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node builder state.
	 *
	 * @param {string} vertexShader - The native vertex shader code.
	 * @param {string} fragmentShader - The native fragment shader code.
	 * @param {string} computeShader - The native compute shader code.
	 * @param {Array<NodeAttribute>} nodeAttributes - An array of node attributes.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - An array of bind groups.
	 * @param {Array<Node>} updateNodes - An array of nodes that implement their `update()` method.
	 * @param {Array<Node>} updateBeforeNodes - An array of nodes that implement their `updateBefore()` method.
	 * @param {Array<Node>} updateAfterNodes - An array of nodes that implement their `updateAfter()` method.
	 * @param {NodeMaterialObserver} observer - A node material observer.
	 * @param {boolean} hardwareClipping - Whether the built material uses hardware clipping or not.
	 * @param {Array<Object>} transforms - An array with transform attribute objects. Only relevant when using compute shaders with WebGL 2.
	 */
	constructor( vertexShader, fragmentShader, computeShader, nodeAttributes, bindings, updateNodes, updateBeforeNodes, updateAfterNodes, observer, hardwareClipping, transforms = [] ) {

		/**
		 * The native vertex shader code.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.vertexShader = vertexShader;

		/**
		 * The native fragment shader code.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.fragmentShader = fragmentShader;

		/**
		 * The native compute shader code.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.computeShader = computeShader;

		/**
		 * An array with transform attribute objects.
		 * Only relevant when using compute shaders with WebGL 2.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.transforms = transforms;

		/**
		 * An array of node attributes representing
		 * the attributes of the shaders.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<NodeAttribute>}
		 */
		this.nodeAttributes = nodeAttributes;

		/**
		 * An array of bind groups representing the uniform or storage
		 * buffers, texture or samplers of the shader.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<BindGroup>}
		 */
		this.bindings = bindings;

		/**
		 * An array of nodes that implement their `update()` method.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.updateNodes = updateNodes;

		/**
		 * An array of nodes that implement their `updateBefore()` method.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.updateBeforeNodes = updateBeforeNodes;

		/**
		 * An array of nodes that implement their `updateAfter()` method.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.updateAfterNodes = updateAfterNodes;

		/**
		 * A node material observer.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeMaterialObserver}
		 */
		this.observer = observer;

		/**
		 * Whether the built material uses hardware clipping or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this.hardwareClipping = hardwareClipping;

		/**
		 * How often this state is used by render objects.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.usedTimes = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is used to create a array of bind groups based
	 * on the existing bind groups of this state. Shared groups are
	 * not cloned.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<BindGroup>} A array of bind groups.
	 */
	createBindings() {

		const bindings = [];

		for ( const instanceGroup of this.bindings ) {

			const shared = instanceGroup.bindings[ 0 ].groupNode.shared; // All bindings in the group must have the same groupNode.

			if ( shared !== true ) {

				const bindingsGroup = new BindGroup( instanceGroup.name, [] );
				bindings.push( bindingsGroup );

				for ( const instanceBinding of instanceGroup.bindings ) {

					bindingsGroup.bindings.push( instanceBinding.clone() );

				}

			} else {

				bindings.push( instanceGroup );

			}

		}

		return bindings;

	}

}

/**
 * {@link NodeBuilder} is going to create instances of this class during the build process
 * of nodes. They represent the final shader attributes that are going to be generated
 * by the builder. Arrays of node attributes is maintained in {@link NodeBuilder#attributes}
 * and {@link NodeBuilder#bufferAttributes} for this purpose.
 */
class NodeAttribute {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the attribute.
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the attribute.
	 * @param {?Node} node - An optional reference to the node.
	 */
	constructor( name, type, node = null ) {

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNodeAttribute = true;

		/**
		 * The name of the attribute.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * The type of the attribute.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.type = type;

		/**
		 * An optional reference to the node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.node = node;

	}

}

/**
 * {@link NodeBuilder} is going to create instances of this class during the build process
 * of nodes. They represent the final shader uniforms that are going to be generated
 * by the builder. A dictionary of node uniforms is maintained in {@link NodeBuilder#uniforms}
 * for this purpose.
 */
class NodeUniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the uniform.
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the uniform.
	 * @param {UniformNode} node - An reference to the node.
	 */
	constructor( name, type, node ) {

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNodeUniform = true;

		/**
		 * The name of the uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * The type of the uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.type = type;

		/**
		 * An reference to the node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode}
		 */
		this.node = node;

	}

	/**
	 * The value of the uniform node.
	 *
	 * @type {any}
	 */
	get value() {

		return this.node.value;

	}

	set value( val ) {

		this.node.value = val;

	}

	/**
	 * The id of the uniform node.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 */
	get id() {

		return this.node.id;

	}

	/**
	 * The uniform node's group.
	 *
	 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
	 */
	get groupNode() {

		return this.node.groupNode;

	}

}

/**
 * {@link NodeBuilder} is going to create instances of this class during the build process
 * of nodes. They represent the final shader variables that are going to be generated
 * by the builder. A dictionary of node variables is maintained in {@link NodeBuilder#vars} for
 * this purpose.
 */
class NodeVar {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node variable.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the variable.
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the variable.
	 * @param {boolean} [readOnly=false] - The read-only flag.
	 * @param {?number} [count=null] - The size.
	 */
	constructor( name, type, readOnly = false, count = null ) {

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNodeVar = true;

		/**
		 * The name of the variable.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * The type of the variable.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.type = type;

		/**
		 *  The read-only flag.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this.readOnly = readOnly;

		/**
		 * The size.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 */
		this.count = count;

	}

}

/**
 * {@link NodeBuilder} is going to create instances of this class during the build process
 * of nodes. They represent the final shader varyings that are going to be generated
 * by the builder. An array of node varyings is maintained in {@link NodeBuilder#varyings} for
 * this purpose.
 *
 * @augments NodeVar
 */
class NodeVarying extends NodeVar {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node varying.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the varying.
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the varying.
	 * @param {?string} interpolationType - The interpolation type of the varying.
	 * @param {?string} interpolationSampling - The interpolation sampling type of the varying.
	 */
	constructor( name, type, interpolationType = null, interpolationSampling = null ) {

		super( name, type );

		/**
		 * Whether this varying requires interpolation or not. This property can be used
		 * to check if the varying can be optimized for a variable.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.needsInterpolation = false;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNodeVarying = true;

		/**
		 * The interpolation type of the varying data.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.interpolationType = interpolationType;

		/**
		 * The interpolation sampling type of varying data.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.interpolationSampling = interpolationSampling;

	}

}

/**
 * {@link NodeBuilder} is going to create instances of this class during the build process
 * of nodes. They represent user-defined, native shader code portions that are going to be
 * injected by the builder. A dictionary of node codes is maintained in {@link NodeBuilder#codes}
 * for this purpose.
 */
class NodeCode {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new code node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the code.
	 * @param {string} type - The node type.
	 * @param {string} [code=''] - The native shader code.
	 */
	constructor( name, type, code = '' ) {

		/**
		 * The name of the code.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * The node type.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.type = type;

		/**
		 * The native shader code.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.code = code;

		Object.defineProperty( this, 'isNodeCode', { value: true } );

	}

}

let _id$6 = 0;

/**
 * This utility class is used in {@link NodeBuilder} as an internal
 * cache data structure for node data.
 */
class NodeCache {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node cache.
	 *
	 * @param {?NodeCache} parent - A reference to a parent cache.
	 */
	constructor( parent = null ) {

		/**
		 * The id of the cache.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.id = _id$6 ++;

		/**
		 * A weak map for managing node data.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Node, Object>}
		 */
		this.nodesData = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * Reference to a parent node cache.
		 *
		 * @type {?NodeCache}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.parent = parent;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the data for the given node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node.
	 * @return {?Object} The data for the node.
	 */
	getData( node ) {

		let data = this.nodesData.get( node );

		if ( data === undefined && this.parent !== null ) {

			data = this.parent.getData( node );

		}

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the data for a given node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node.
	 * @param {Object} data - The data that should be cached.
	 */
	setData( node, data ) {

		this.nodesData.set( node, data );

	}

}

class StructType {

	constructor( name, members ) {

		this.name = name;
		this.members = members;
		this.output = false;

	}

}

/**
 * Abstract base class for uniforms.
 *
 * @abstract
 * @private
 */
class Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {any} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value ) {

		/**
		 * The uniform's name.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * The uniform's value.
		 *
		 * @type {any}
		 */
		this.value = value;

		/**
		 * Used to build the uniform buffer according to the STD140 layout.
		 * Derived uniforms will set this property to a data type specific
		 * value.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.boundary = 0;

		/**
		 * The item size. Derived uniforms will set this property to a data
		 * type specific value.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.itemSize = 0;

		/**
		 * This property is set by {@link UniformsGroup} and marks
		 * the start position in the uniform buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.offset = 0;

		/**
		 * This property is set by {@link UniformsGroup} and marks
		 * the index position in the uniform array.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.index = -1;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the uniform's value.
	 *
	 * @param {any} value - The value to set.
	 */
	setValue( value ) {

		this.value = value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the uniform's value.
	 *
	 * @return {any} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.value;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a Number uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class NumberUniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {number} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = 0 ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNumberUniform = true;

		this.boundary = 4;
		this.itemSize = 1;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a Vector2 uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class Vector2Uniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {Vector2} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = new Vector2() ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isVector2Uniform = true;

		this.boundary = 8;
		this.itemSize = 2;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a Vector3 uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class Vector3Uniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {Vector3} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = new Vector3() ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isVector3Uniform = true;

		this.boundary = 16;
		this.itemSize = 3;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a Vector4 uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class Vector4Uniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {Vector4} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = new Vector4() ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isVector4Uniform = true;

		this.boundary = 16;
		this.itemSize = 4;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a Color uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class ColorUniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {Color} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = new Color() ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isColorUniform = true;

		this.boundary = 16;
		this.itemSize = 3;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a Matrix2 uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class Matrix2Uniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {Matrix2} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = new Matrix2() ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMatrix2Uniform = true;

		this.boundary = 8;
		this.itemSize = 4;

	}

}


/**
 * Represents a Matrix3 uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class Matrix3Uniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {Matrix3} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = new Matrix3() ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMatrix3Uniform = true;

		this.boundary = 48;
		this.itemSize = 12;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a Matrix4 uniform.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Uniform
 */
class Matrix4Uniform extends Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The uniform's name.
	 * @param {Matrix4} value - The uniform's value.
	 */
	constructor( name, value = new Matrix4() ) {

		super( name, value );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isMatrix4Uniform = true;

		this.boundary = 64;
		this.itemSize = 16;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of Number uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments NumberUniform
 */
class NumberNodeUniform extends NumberUniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of Vector2 uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Vector2Uniform
 */
class Vector2NodeUniform extends Vector2Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Vector2 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {Vector2} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of Vector3 uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Vector3Uniform
 */
class Vector3NodeUniform extends Vector3Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Vector3 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {Vector3} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of Vector4 uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Vector4Uniform
 */
class Vector4NodeUniform extends Vector4Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Vector4 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {Vector4} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of Color uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments ColorUniform
 */
class ColorNodeUniform extends ColorUniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Color uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {Color} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}


/**
 * A special form of Matrix2 uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Matrix2Uniform
 */
class Matrix2NodeUniform extends Matrix2Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Matrix2 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {Matrix2} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of Matrix3 uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Matrix3Uniform
 */
class Matrix3NodeUniform extends Matrix3Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Matrix3 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {Matrix3} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of Matrix4 uniform binding type.
 * It's value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Matrix4Uniform
 */
class Matrix4NodeUniform extends Matrix4Uniform {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based Matrix4 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} nodeUniform - The node uniform.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform ) {

		super( nodeUniform.name, nodeUniform.value );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeUniform}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to return the value of the node uniform.
	 *
	 * @return {Matrix4} The value.
	 */
	getValue() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node uniform data type.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The data type.
	 */
	getType() {

		return this.nodeUniform.type;

	}

}

let _id$5 = 0;

const _bindingGroupsCache = new WeakMap();
const _functionNodeCache = new WeakMap();

const sharedNodeData = new WeakMap();

const typeFromArray = new Map( [
	[ Int8Array, 'int' ],
	[ Int16Array, 'int' ],
	[ Int32Array, 'int' ],
	[ Uint8Array, 'uint' ],
	[ Uint16Array, 'uint' ],
	[ Uint32Array, 'uint' ],
	[ Float32Array, 'float' ]
] );

const _toFloat = ( value ) => {

	if ( /e/g.test( value ) ) {

		return String( value ).replace( /\+/g, '' );

	} else {

		value = Number( value );

		return value + ( value % 1 ? '' : '.0' );

	}

};

const _checkWriteUsage = ( data ) => {

	if ( data.writeUsageCount > 0 ) return true;

	if ( data.subBuildsCache !== undefined ) {

		for ( const subBuild in data.subBuildsCache ) {

			if ( _checkWriteUsage( data.subBuildsCache[ subBuild ] ) ) {

				return true;

			}

		}

	}

	return false;

};

/**
 * Base class for builders which generate a shader program based
 * on a 3D object and its node material definition.
 */
class NodeBuilder {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node builder.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The current renderer.
	 * @param {NodeParser} parser - A reference to a node parser.
	 */
	constructor( object, renderer, parser ) {

		/**
		 * The 3D object.
		 *
		 * @type {Object3D}
		 */
		this.object = object;

		/**
		 * The material of the 3D object.
		 *
		 * @type {?Material}
		 */
		this.material = ( object && object.material ) || null;

		/**
		 * The geometry of the 3D object.
		 *
		 * @type {?BufferGeometry}
		 */
		this.geometry = ( object && object.geometry ) || null;

		/**
		 * The current renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * A reference to a node parser.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeParser}
		 */
		this.parser = parser;

		/**
		 * The scene the 3D object belongs to.
		 *
		 * @type {?Scene}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.scene = null;

		/**
		 * The camera the 3D object is rendered with.
		 *
		 * @type {?Camera}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.camera = null;

		/**
		 * A list of all nodes the builder is processing
		 * for this 3D object.
		 *
		 * @type {Set<Node>}
		 */
		this.nodes = new Set();

		/**
		 * A list of all nodes the builder is processing in sequential order.
		 *
		 * This is used to determine the update order of nodes, which is important for
		 * {@link NodeUpdateType#UPDATE_BEFORE} and {@link NodeUpdateType#UPDATE_AFTER}.
		 *
		 * @type {Set<Node>}
		 */
		this.sequentialNodes = new Set();

		/**
		 * A list of all nodes which {@link Node#update} method should be executed.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.updateNodes = [];

		/**
		 * A list of all nodes which {@link Node#updateBefore} method should be executed.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.updateBeforeNodes = [];

		/**
		 * A list of all nodes which {@link Node#updateAfter} method should be executed.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.updateAfterNodes = [];

		/**
		 * A dictionary that assigns each node to a unique hash.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<number,Node>}
		 */
		this.hashNodes = {};

		/**
		 * A reference to a node material observer.
		 *
		 * @type {?NodeMaterialObserver}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.observer = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current lights node.
		 *
		 * @type {?LightsNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.lightsNode = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current environment node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.environmentNode = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current fog node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.fogNode = null;

		/**
		 * The current clipping context.
		 *
		 * @type {?ClippingContext}
		 */
		this.clippingContext = null;

		/**
		 * Whether the built material uses hardware clipping or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.hardwareClipping = false;

		/**
		 * The generated vertex shader.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 */
		this.vertexShader = null;

		/**
		 * The generated fragment shader.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 */
		this.fragmentShader = null;

		/**
		 * The generated compute shader.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 */
		this.computeShader = null;

		/**
		 * Nodes used in the primary flow of code generation.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Array<Node>>}
		 */
		this.flowNodes = { vertex: [], fragment: [], compute: [] };

		/**
		 * Nodes code from `.flowNodes`.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,string>}
		 */
		this.flowCode = { vertex: '', fragment: '', compute: '' };

		/**
		 * This dictionary holds the node uniforms of the builder.
		 * The uniforms are maintained in an array for each shader stage.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.uniforms = { vertex: [], fragment: [], compute: [], index: 0 };

		/**
		 * This dictionary holds the output structs of the builder.
		 * The structs are maintained in an array for each shader stage.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.structs = { vertex: [], fragment: [], compute: [], index: 0 };

		/**
		 * This dictionary holds the types of the builder.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.types = { vertex: [], fragment: [], compute: [], index: 0 };

		/**
		 * This dictionary holds the bindings for each shader stage.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.bindings = { vertex: {}, fragment: {}, compute: {} };

		/**
		 * This dictionary maintains the binding indices per bind group.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.bindingsIndexes = {};

		/**
		 * Reference to the array of bind groups.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<BindGroup>}
		 */
		this.bindGroups = null;

		/**
		 * This array holds the node attributes of this builder
		 * created via {@link AttributeNode}.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<NodeAttribute>}
		 */
		this.attributes = [];

		/**
		 * This array holds the node attributes of this builder
		 * created via {@link BufferAttributeNode}.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<NodeAttribute>}
		 */
		this.bufferAttributes = [];

		/**
		 * This array holds the node varyings of this builder.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<NodeVarying>}
		 */
		this.varyings = [];

		/**
		 * This dictionary holds the (native) node codes of this builder.
		 * The codes are maintained in an array for each shader stage.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Array<NodeCode>>}
		 */
		this.codes = {};

		/**
		 * This dictionary holds the node variables of this builder.
		 * The variables are maintained in an array for each shader stage.
		 * This dictionary is also used to count the number of variables
		 * according to their type (const, vars).
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Array<NodeVar>|number>}
		 */
		this.vars = {};

		/**
		 * This dictionary holds the declarations for each shader stage.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.declarations = {};

		/**
		 * Current code flow.
		 * All code generated in this stack will be stored in `.flow`.
		 *
		 * @type {{code: string}}
		 */
		this.flow = { code: '' };

		/**
		 * A chain of nodes.
		 * Used to check recursive calls in node-graph.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Node>}
		 */
		this.chaining = [];

		/**
		 * The current stack.
		 * This reflects the current process in the code block hierarchy,
		 * it is useful to know if the current process is inside a conditional for example.
		 *
		 * @type {StackNode}
		 */
		this.stack = stack();

		/**
		 * List of stack nodes.
		 * The current stack hierarchy is stored in an array.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<StackNode>}
		 */
		this.stacks = [];

		/**
		 * A tab value. Used for shader string generation.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default '\t'
		 */
		this.tab = '\t';

		/**
		 * Reference to the current function node.
		 *
		 * @type {?FunctionNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.currentFunctionNode = null;

		/**
		 * The builder's context.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.context = {
			material: this.material
		};

		/**
		 * The builder's cache.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeCache}
		 */
		this.cache = new NodeCache();

		/**
		 * Since the {@link NodeBuilder#cache} might be temporarily
		 * overwritten by other caches, this member retains the reference
		 * to the builder's own cache.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeCache}
		 * @default this.cache
		 */
		this.globalCache = this.cache;

		this.flowsData = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * The current shader stage.
		 *
		 * @type {?('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')}
		 */
		this.shaderStage = null;

		/**
		 * The current build stage.
		 *
		 * @type {?('setup'|'analyze'|'generate')}
		 */
		this.buildStage = null;

		/**
		 * The sub-build layers.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<SubBuildNode>}
		 * @default []
		 */
		this.subBuildLayers = [];


		/**
		 * The active stack nodes.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<StackNode>}
		 */
		this.activeStacks = [];

		/**
		 * The current sub-build TSL function(Fn).
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.subBuildFn = null;

		/**
		 * The current TSL function(Fn) call node.
		 *
		 * @type {?Node}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.fnCall = null;

		Object.defineProperty( this, 'id', { value: _id$5 ++ } );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the material is using flat shading or not.
	 *
	 * @returns {boolean} Whether the material is using flat shading or not.
	 */
	isFlatShading() {

		return this.material.flatShading === true || this.geometry.hasAttribute( 'normal' ) === false;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the material is opaque or not.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the material is opaque or not.
	 */
	isOpaque() {

		const material = this.material;

		return material.transparent === false && material.blending === NormalBlending && material.alphaToCoverage === false;

	}

	/**
	 * Factory method for creating an instance of {@link RenderTarget} with the given
	 * dimensions and options.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the render target.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the render target.
	 * @param {Object} options - The options of the render target.
	 * @return {RenderTarget} The render target.
	 */
	createRenderTarget( width, height, options ) {

		return new RenderTarget( width, height, options );

	}

	/**
	 * Factory method for creating an instance of {@link CubeRenderTarget} with the given
	 * dimensions and options.
	 *
	 * @param {number} size - The size of the cube render target.
	 * @param {Object} options - The options of the cube render target.
	 * @return {CubeRenderTarget} The cube render target.
	 */
	createCubeRenderTarget( size, options ) {

		return new CubeRenderTarget( size, options );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the given node is included in the internal array of nodes or not.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given node is included in the internal array of nodes or not.
	 */
	includes( node ) {

		return this.nodes.has( node );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type of the color output based on the renderer's render target.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [index=0] - The index of the render target texture.
	 * @return {string} The type.
	 */
	getOutputType( index = 0 ) {

		const renderTarget = this.renderer.getRenderTarget();

		if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

			return getTextureType( renderTarget.textures[ index ] );

		}

		return 'vec4';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the output struct name which is required by
	 * {@link OutputStructNode}.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {string} The name of the output struct.
	 */
	getOutputStructName() {}

	/**
	 * Returns a bind group for the given group name and binding.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} groupName - The group name.
	 * @param {Array<NodeUniformsGroup>} bindings - List of bindings.
	 * @return {BindGroup} The bind group
	 */
	_getBindGroup( groupName, bindings ) {

		const groupNode = bindings[ 0 ].groupNode;

		let sharedGroup = groupNode.shared;

		if ( sharedGroup ) {

			for ( let i = 1; i < bindings.length; i ++ ) {

				if ( groupNode !== bindings[ i ].groupNode ) {

					sharedGroup = false;

				}

			}

		}

		//

		let bindGroup;

		if ( sharedGroup ) {

			let cacheKeyString = '';

			for ( const binding of bindings ) {

				if ( binding.isNodeUniformsGroup ) {

					binding.uniforms.sort( ( a, b ) => a.nodeUniform.node.id - b.nodeUniform.node.id );

					for ( const uniform of binding.uniforms ) {

						cacheKeyString += uniform.nodeUniform.node.id;

					}

				} else {

					cacheKeyString += binding.nodeUniform.id;

				}

			}

			// TODO: Remove this hack ._currentRenderContext

			const currentContext = this.renderer._currentRenderContext || this.renderer; // use renderer as fallback until we have a compute context

			let bindingGroupsCache = _bindingGroupsCache.get( currentContext );

			if ( bindingGroupsCache === undefined ) {

				bindingGroupsCache = new Map();

				_bindingGroupsCache.set( currentContext, bindingGroupsCache );

			}

			//

			const cacheKey = hashString( cacheKeyString );

			bindGroup = bindingGroupsCache.get( cacheKey );

			if ( bindGroup === undefined ) {

				bindGroup = new BindGroup( groupName, bindings );

				bindingGroupsCache.set( cacheKey, bindGroup );

			}

		} else {

			bindGroup = new BindGroup( groupName, bindings );

		}

		return bindGroup;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array of node uniform groups for the given group name and shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {string} groupName - The group name.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {Array<NodeUniformsGroup>} The array of node uniform groups.
	 */
	getBindGroupArray( groupName, shaderStage ) {

		const bindings = this.bindings[ shaderStage ];

		let bindGroup = bindings[ groupName ];

		if ( bindGroup === undefined ) {

			if ( this.bindingsIndexes[ groupName ] === undefined ) {

				this.bindingsIndexes[ groupName ] = { binding: 0, group: Object.keys( this.bindingsIndexes ).length };

			}

			bindings[ groupName ] = bindGroup = [];

		}

		return bindGroup;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a list bindings of all shader stages separated by groups.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<BindGroup>} The list of bindings.
	 */
	getBindings() {

		let bindingsGroups = this.bindGroups;

		if ( bindingsGroups === null ) {

			const groups = {};
			const bindings = this.bindings;

			for ( const shaderStage of shaderStages ) {

				for ( const groupName in bindings[ shaderStage ] ) {

					const uniforms = bindings[ shaderStage ][ groupName ];

					const groupUniforms = groups[ groupName ] || ( groups[ groupName ] = [] );

					for ( const uniform of uniforms ) {

						if ( groupUniforms.includes( uniform ) === false ) {

							groupUniforms.push( uniform );

						}

					}

				}

			}

			bindingsGroups = [];

			for ( const groupName in groups ) {

				const group = groups[ groupName ];

				const bindingsGroup = this._getBindGroup( groupName, group );

				bindingsGroups.push( bindingsGroup );

			}

			this.bindGroups = bindingsGroups;

		}

		return bindingsGroups;

	}

	/**
	 * Sorts the bind groups and updates {@link NodeBuilder#bindingsIndexes}.
	 */
	sortBindingGroups() {

		const bindingsGroups = this.getBindings();

		bindingsGroups.sort( ( a, b ) => ( a.bindings[ 0 ].groupNode.order - b.bindings[ 0 ].groupNode.order ) );

		for ( let i = 0; i < bindingsGroups.length; i ++ ) {

			const bindingGroup = bindingsGroups[ i ];
			this.bindingsIndexes[ bindingGroup.name ].group = i;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The builder maintains each node in a hash-based dictionary.
	 * This method sets the given node (value) with the given hash (key) into this dictionary.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 * @param {number} hash - The hash of the node.
	 */
	setHashNode( node, hash ) {

		this.hashNodes[ hash ] = node;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a node to this builder.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 */
	addNode( node ) {

		if ( this.nodes.has( node ) === false ) {

			this.nodes.add( node );

			this.setHashNode( node, node.getHash( this ) );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * It is used to add Nodes that will be used as FRAME and RENDER events,
	 * and need to follow a certain sequence in the calls to work correctly.
	 * This function should be called after 'setup()' in the 'build()' process to ensure that the child nodes are processed first.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 */
	addSequentialNode( node ) {

		const updateBeforeType = node.getUpdateBeforeType();
		const updateAfterType = node.getUpdateAfterType();

		if ( updateBeforeType !== NodeUpdateType.NONE || updateAfterType !== NodeUpdateType.NONE ) {

			this.sequentialNodes.add( node );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Checks the update types of nodes
	 */
	buildUpdateNodes() {

		for ( const node of this.nodes ) {

			const updateType = node.getUpdateType();

			if ( updateType !== NodeUpdateType.NONE ) {

				this.updateNodes.push( node );

			}

		}

		for ( const node of this.sequentialNodes ) {

			const updateBeforeType = node.getUpdateBeforeType();
			const updateAfterType = node.getUpdateAfterType();

			if ( updateBeforeType !== NodeUpdateType.NONE ) {

				this.updateBeforeNodes.push( node );

			}

			if ( updateAfterType !== NodeUpdateType.NONE ) {

				this.updateAfterNodes.push( node );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * A reference the current node which is the
	 * last node in the chain of nodes.
	 *
	 * @type {Node}
	 */
	get currentNode() {

		return this.chaining[ this.chaining.length - 1 ];

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the given texture is filtered or not.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to check.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given texture is filtered or not.
	 */
	isFilteredTexture( texture ) {

		return ( texture.magFilter === LinearFilter || texture.magFilter === LinearMipmapNearestFilter || texture.magFilter === NearestMipmapLinearFilter || texture.magFilter === LinearMipmapLinearFilter ||
			texture.minFilter === LinearFilter || texture.minFilter === LinearMipmapNearestFilter || texture.minFilter === NearestMipmapLinearFilter || texture.minFilter === LinearMipmapLinearFilter );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the maximum number of bytes available for uniform buffers.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The maximum number of bytes available for uniform buffers.
	 */
	getUniformBufferLimit() {

		return this.renderer.backend.capabilities.getUniformBufferLimit();

	}

	/**
	 * Adds the given node to the internal node chain.
	 * This is used to check recursive calls in node-graph.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 */
	addChain( node ) {

		/*
		if ( this.chaining.indexOf( node ) !== - 1 ) {

			warn( 'Recursive node: ', node );

		}
		*/

		this.chaining.push( node );

	}

	/**
	 * Removes the given node from the internal node chain.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to remove.
	 */
	removeChain( node ) {

		const lastChain = this.chaining.pop();

		if ( lastChain !== node ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.NodeBuilder: Invalid node chaining!' );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native shader method name for a given generic name. E.g.
	 * the method name `textureDimensions` matches the WGSL name but must be
	 * resolved to `textureSize` in GLSL.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} method - The method name to resolve.
	 * @return {string} The resolved method name.
	 */
	getMethod( method ) {

		return method;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native snippet for a ternary operation. E.g. GLSL would output
	 * a ternary op as `cond ? x : y` whereas WGSL would output it as `select(y, x, cond)`
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} condSnippet - The condition determining which expression gets resolved.
	 * @param {string} ifSnippet - The expression to resolve to if the condition is true.
	 * @param {string} elseSnippet - The expression to resolve to if the condition is false.
	 * @return {string} The resolved method name.
	 */
	getTernary( /* condSnippet, ifSnippet, elseSnippet*/ ) {

		return null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node for the given hash, see {@link NodeBuilder#setHashNode}.
	 *
	 * @param {number} hash - The hash of the node.
	 * @return {Node} The found node.
	 */
	getNodeFromHash( hash ) {

		return this.hashNodes[ hash ];

	}

	/**
	 * Adds the Node to a target flow so that it can generate code in the 'generate' process.
	 *
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 * @return {Node} The node.
	 */
	addFlow( shaderStage, node ) {

		this.flowNodes[ shaderStage ].push( node );

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets builder's context.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} context - The context to set.
	 */
	setContext( context ) {

		this.context = context;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the builder's current context.
	 *
	 * @return {Object} The builder's current context.
	 */
	getContext() {

		return this.context;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds context data to the builder's current context.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} context - The context to add.
	 * @return {Object} The previous context.
	 */
	addContext( context ) {

		const previousContext = this.getContext();

		this.setContext( { ...this.context, ...context } );

		return previousContext;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets a context used in shader construction that can be shared across different materials.
	 * This is necessary since the renderer cache can reuse shaders generated in one material and use them in another.
	 *
	 * @return {Object} The builder's current context without material.
	 */
	getSharedContext() {

		const context = { ...this.context };

		delete context.material;
		delete context.getUV;
		delete context.getOutput;
		delete context.getTextureLevel;
		delete context.getAO;
		delete context.getShadow;

		return context;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets builder's cache.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeCache} cache - The cache to set.
	 */
	setCache( cache ) {

		this.cache = cache;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the builder's current cache.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeCache} The builder's current cache.
	 */
	getCache() {

		return this.cache;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a cache for the given node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node.
	 * @param {boolean} [parent=true] - Whether this node refers to a shared parent cache or not.
	 * @return {NodeCache} The cache.
	 */
	getCacheFromNode( node, parent = true ) {

		const data = this.getDataFromNode( node );
		if ( data.cache === undefined ) data.cache = new NodeCache( parent ? this.getCache() : null );

		return data.cache;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the requested feature is available or not.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} name - The requested feature.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the requested feature is supported or not.
	 */
	isAvailable( /*name*/ ) {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vertexIndex input variable as a native shader string.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {string} The instanceIndex shader string.
	 */
	getVertexIndex() {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Contextually returns either the vertex stage instance index builtin
	 * or the linearized index of an compute invocation within a grid of workgroups.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {string} The instanceIndex shader string.
	 */
	getInstanceIndex() {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the drawIndex input variable as a native shader string.
	 * Only relevant for WebGL and its `WEBGL_multi_draw` extension.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {?string} The drawIndex shader string.
	 */
	getDrawIndex() {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the frontFacing input variable as a native shader string.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {string} The frontFacing shader string.
	 */
	getFrontFacing() {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the fragCoord input variable as a native shader string.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {string} The fragCoord shader string.
	 */
	getFragCoord() {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether to flip texture data along its vertical axis or not. WebGL needs
	 * this method evaluate to `true`, WebGPU to `false`.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {boolean} Whether to flip texture data along its vertical axis or not.
	 */
	isFlipY() {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the builder is currently in an assignment context.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the builder is in an assignment context.
	 */
	isContextAssign() {

		return this.context.assign === true;

	}

	/**
	 * Calling this method increases the usage count for the given node by one.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to increase the usage count for.
	 * @return {number} The updated usage count.
	 */
	increaseUsage( node ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node );
		nodeData.usageCount = nodeData.usageCount === undefined ? 1 : nodeData.usageCount + 1;

		if ( this.isContextAssign() ) {

			nodeData.writeUsageCount = nodeData.writeUsageCount === undefined ? 1 : nodeData.writeUsageCount + 1;

		} else {

			nodeData.readUsageCount = nodeData.readUsageCount === undefined ? 1 : nodeData.readUsageCount + 1;

		}

		return nodeData.usageCount;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the given node has been written to in any shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to check.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the node has been written to.
	 */
	hasWriteUsage( node ) {

		const refNode = node.getShared( this );
		const cache = refNode.isGlobal( this ) ? this.globalCache : this.cache;
		const nodeData = cache.getData( refNode );

		if ( nodeData !== undefined ) {

			for ( const shaderStage in nodeData ) {

				if ( _checkWriteUsage( nodeData[ shaderStage ] ) ) {

					return true;

				}

			}

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a texture sample shader string for the given texture data.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The texture property name.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - Snippet defining the texture coordinates.
	 * @return {string} The generated shader string.
	 */
	generateTexture( /* texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet */ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a texture LOD shader string for the given texture data.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The texture property name.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - Snippet defining the texture coordinates.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - Snippet defining the 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - Snippet defining the mip level.
	 * @return {string} The generated shader string.
	 */
	generateTextureLod( /* texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, levelSnippet */ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a texture size shader string for the given texture data.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The texture property name.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - Snippet defining the mip level.
	 * @return {string} The generated shader string.
	 */
	generateTextureSize( /* texture, textureProperty, levelSnippet */ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the array declaration string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @param {?number} [count] - The count.
	 * @return {string} The generated value as a shader string.
	 */
	generateArrayDeclaration( type, count ) {

		return this.getType( type ) + '[ ' + count + ' ]';

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the array shader string for the given type and value.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @param {?number} [count] - The count.
	 * @param {?Array<Node>} [values=null] - The default values.
	 * @return {string} The generated value as a shader string.
	 */
	generateArray( type, count, values = null ) {

		let snippet = this.generateArrayDeclaration( type, count ) + '( ';

		for ( let i = 0; i < count; i ++ ) {

			const value = values ? values[ i ] : null;

			if ( value !== null ) {

				snippet += value.build( this, type );

			} else {

				snippet += this.generateConst( type );

			}

			if ( i < count - 1 ) snippet += ', ';

		}

		snippet += ' )';

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the struct shader string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @param {Array<Object>} [membersLayout] - The count.
	 * @param {?Array<Node>} [values=null] - The default values.
	 * @return {string} The generated value as a shader string.
	 */
	generateStruct( type, membersLayout, values = null ) {

		const snippets = [];

		for ( const member of membersLayout ) {

			const { name, type } = member;

			if ( values && values[ name ] && values[ name ].isNode ) {

				snippets.push( values[ name ].build( this, type ) );

			} else {

				snippets.push( this.generateConst( type ) );

			}

		}

		return type + '( ' + snippets.join( ', ' ) + ' )';

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the shader string for the given type and value.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @param {?any} [value=null] - The value.
	 * @return {string} The generated value as a shader string.
	 */
	generateConst( type, value = null ) {

		if ( value === null ) {

			if ( type === 'float' || type === 'int' || type === 'uint' ) value = 0;
			else if ( type === 'bool' ) value = false;
			else if ( type === 'color' ) value = new Color();
			else if ( type === 'vec2' || type === 'uvec2' || type === 'ivec2' ) value = new Vector2();
			else if ( type === 'vec3' || type === 'uvec3' || type === 'ivec3' ) value = new Vector3();
			else if ( type === 'vec4' || type === 'uvec4' || type === 'ivec4' ) value = new Vector4();

		}

		if ( type === 'float' ) return _toFloat( value );
		if ( type === 'int' ) return `${ Math.round( value ) }`;
		if ( type === 'uint' ) return value >= 0 ? `${ Math.round( value ) }u` : '0u';
		if ( type === 'bool' ) return value ? 'true' : 'false';
		if ( type === 'color' ) return `${ this.getType( 'vec3' ) }( ${ _toFloat( value.r ) }, ${ _toFloat( value.g ) }, ${ _toFloat( value.b ) } )`;

		const typeLength = this.getTypeLength( type );

		const componentType = this.getComponentType( type );

		const generateConst = value => this.generateConst( componentType, value );

		if ( typeLength === 2 ) {

			return `${ this.getType( type ) }( ${ generateConst( value.x ) }, ${ generateConst( value.y ) } )`;

		} else if ( typeLength === 3 ) {

			return `${ this.getType( type ) }( ${ generateConst( value.x ) }, ${ generateConst( value.y ) }, ${ generateConst( value.z ) } )`;

		} else if ( typeLength === 4 && type !== 'mat2' ) {

			return `${ this.getType( type ) }( ${ generateConst( value.x ) }, ${ generateConst( value.y ) }, ${ generateConst( value.z ) }, ${ generateConst( value.w ) } )`;

		} else if ( typeLength >= 4 && value && ( value.isMatrix2 || value.isMatrix3 || value.isMatrix4 ) ) {

			return `${ this.getType( type ) }( ${ value.elements.map( generateConst ).join( ', ' ) } )`;

		} else if ( typeLength > 4 ) {

			return `${ this.getType( type ) }()`;

		}

		throw new Error( `THREE.NodeBuilder: Type '${type}' not found in generate constant attempt.` );

	}

	/**
	 * It might be necessary to convert certain data types to different ones
	 * so this method can be used to hide the conversion.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @return {string} The updated type.
	 */
	getType( type ) {

		if ( type === 'color' ) return 'vec3';

		return type;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the given attribute name is defined in the geometry or not.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The attribute name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given attribute name is defined in the geometry.
	 */
	hasGeometryAttribute( name ) {

		return this.geometry && this.geometry.getAttribute( name ) !== undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node attribute for the given name and type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The attribute's name.
	 * @param {string} type - The attribute's type.
	 * @return {NodeAttribute} The node attribute.
	 */
	getAttribute( name, type ) {

		const attributes = this.attributes;

		// find attribute

		for ( const attribute of attributes ) {

			if ( attribute.name === name ) {

				return attribute;

			}

		}

		// create a new if no exist

		const attribute = new NodeAttribute( name, type );

		this.registerDeclaration( attribute );

		attributes.push( attribute );

		return attribute;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns for the given node and shader stage the property name for the shader.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The property name.
	 */
	getPropertyName( node/*, shaderStage*/ ) {

		return node.name;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the given name is a reserved keyword of the backend's
	 * shading language. Backends override this method to provide their
	 * language-specific keywords.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the name is a reserved keyword or not.
	 */
	isReservedKeyword( /* name */ ) {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the given type is a vector type or not.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type to check.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given type is a vector type or not.
	 */
	isVector( type ) {

		return /vec\d/.test( type );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the given type is a matrix type or not.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type to check.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given type is a matrix type or not.
	 */
	isMatrix( type ) {

		return /mat\d/.test( type );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the given type is a reference type or not.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type to check.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given type is a reference type or not.
	 */
	isReference( type ) {

		return type === 'void' || type === 'property' || type === 'sampler' || type === 'samplerComparison' || type === 'texture' || type === 'cubeTexture' || type === 'storageTexture' || type === 'depthTexture' || type === 'texture3D';

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given texture requires a manual conversion to the working color space.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to check.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given texture requires a conversion to working color space or not.
	 */
	needsToWorkingColorSpace( /*texture*/ ) {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the component type of a given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {string} The component type.
	 */
	getComponentTypeFromTexture( texture ) {

		const type = texture.type;

		if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true ) return 'float';

		if ( type === IntType ) return 'int';
		if ( type === UnsignedIntType ) return 'uint';

		return 'float';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the element type for a given type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @return {string} The element type.
	 */
	getElementType( type ) {

		if ( type === 'mat2' ) return 'vec2';
		if ( type === 'mat3' ) return 'vec3';
		if ( type === 'mat4' ) return 'vec4';

		return this.getComponentType( type );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the component type for a given type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @return {string} The component type.
	 */
	getComponentType( type ) {

		type = this.getVectorType( type );

		if ( type === 'float' || type === 'bool' || type === 'int' || type === 'uint' ) return type;

		const componentType = /(b|i|u|)(vec|mat)([2-4])/.exec( type );

		if ( componentType === null ) return null;

		if ( componentType[ 1 ] === 'b' ) return 'bool';
		if ( componentType[ 1 ] === 'i' ) return 'int';
		if ( componentType[ 1 ] === 'u' ) return 'uint';

		return 'float';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vector type for a given type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @return {string} The vector type.
	 */
	getVectorType( type ) {

		if ( type === 'color' ) return 'vec3';
		if ( type === 'texture' || type === 'cubeTexture' || type === 'storageTexture' || type === 'texture3D' ) return 'vec4';

		return type;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the data type for the given the length and component type.
	 *
	 * @param {number} length - The length.
	 * @param {string} [componentType='float'] - The component type.
	 * @return {string} The type.
	 */
	getTypeFromLength( length, componentType = 'float' ) {

		if ( length === 1 ) return componentType;

		let baseType = getTypeFromLength( length );
		const prefix = componentType === 'float' ? '' : componentType[ 0 ];

		// fix edge case for mat2x2 being same size as vec4
		if ( /mat2/.test( componentType ) === true ) {

			baseType = baseType.replace( 'vec', 'mat' );

		}

		return prefix + baseType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type for a given typed array.
	 *
	 * @param {TypedArray} array - The typed array.
	 * @return {string} The type.
	 */
	getTypeFromArray( array ) {

		return typeFromArray.get( array.constructor );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type is an integer type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the type is an integer type or not.
	 */
	isInteger( type ) {

		return /int|uint|(i|u)vec/.test( type );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type for a given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 * @return {string} The type.
	 */
	getTypeFromAttribute( attribute ) {

		let dataAttribute = attribute;

		if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) dataAttribute = attribute.data;

		const array = dataAttribute.array;
		const itemSize = attribute.itemSize;
		const normalized = attribute.normalized;

		let arrayType;

		if ( ! ( attribute instanceof Float16BufferAttribute ) && normalized !== true ) {

			arrayType = this.getTypeFromArray( array );

		}

		return this.getTypeFromLength( itemSize, arrayType );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the length for the given data type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The data type.
	 * @return {number} The length.
	 */
	getTypeLength( type ) {

		const vecType = this.getVectorType( type );
		const vecNum = /vec([2-4])/.exec( vecType );

		if ( vecNum !== null ) return Number( vecNum[ 1 ] );
		if ( vecType === 'float' || vecType === 'bool' || vecType === 'int' || vecType === 'uint' ) return 1;
		if ( /mat2/.test( type ) === true ) return 4;
		if ( /mat3/.test( type ) === true ) return 9;
		if ( /mat4/.test( type ) === true ) return 16;

		return 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vector type for a given matrix type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The matrix type.
	 * @return {string} The vector type.
	 */
	getVectorFromMatrix( type ) {

		return type.replace( 'mat', 'vec' );

	}

	/**
	 * For a given type this method changes the component type to the
	 * given value. E.g. `vec4` should be changed to the new component type
	 * `uint` which results in `uvec4`.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @param {string} newComponentType - The new component type.
	 * @return {string} The new type.
	 */
	changeComponentType( type, newComponentType ) {

		return this.getTypeFromLength( this.getTypeLength( type ), newComponentType );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the integer type pendant for the given type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @return {string} The integer type.
	 */
	getIntegerType( type ) {

		const componentType = this.getComponentType( type );

		if ( componentType === 'int' || componentType === 'uint' ) return type;

		return this.changeComponentType( type, 'int' );

	}

	/**
	 * Adds an active stack to the internal stack.
	 *
	 * @param {StackNode} stack - The stack node to add.
	 */
	setActiveStack( stack ) {

		this.activeStacks.push( stack );

	}

	/**
	 * Removes the active stack from the internal stack.
	 *
	 * @param {StackNode} stack - The stack node to remove.
	 */
	removeActiveStack( stack ) {

		if ( this.activeStacks[ this.activeStacks.length - 1 ] === stack ) {

			this.activeStacks.pop();

		} else {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.NodeBuilder: Invalid active stack removal.' );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the active stack.
	 *
	 * @return {StackNode} The active stack.
	 */
	getActiveStack() {

		return this.activeStacks[ this.activeStacks.length - 1 ];

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the base stack.
	 *
	 * @return {StackNode} The base stack.
	 */
	getBaseStack() {

		return this.activeStacks[ 0 ];

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a stack node to the internal stack.
	 *
	 * @return {StackNode} The added stack node.
	 */
	addStack() {

		this.stack = stack( this.stack );

		const previousStack = getCurrentStack();

		this.stacks.push( previousStack );
		setCurrentStack( this.stack );

		return this.stack;

	}

	/**
	 * Removes the last stack node from the internal stack.
	 *
	 * @return {StackNode} The removed stack node.
	 */
	removeStack() {

		const lastStack = this.stack;

		for ( const node of lastStack.nodes ) {

			const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node );
			nodeData.stack = lastStack;

		}

		this.stack = lastStack.parent;

		setCurrentStack( this.stacks.pop() );

		return lastStack;

	}

	/**
	 * The builder maintains (cached) data for each node during the building process. This method
	 * can be used to get these data for a specific shader stage and cache.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to get the data for.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage.
	 * @param {?NodeCache} cache - An optional cache.
	 * @return {Object} The node data.
	 */
	getDataFromNode( node, shaderStage = this.shaderStage, cache = null ) {

		cache = cache === null ? ( node.isGlobal( this ) ? this.globalCache : this.cache ) : cache;

		let nodeData = cache.getData( node );

		if ( nodeData === undefined ) {

			nodeData = {};

			cache.setData( node, nodeData );

		}

		if ( nodeData[ shaderStage ] === undefined ) nodeData[ shaderStage ] = {};

		//

		let data = nodeData[ shaderStage ];

		if ( this.subBuildLayers.length === 0 ) return data;

		const subBuilds = nodeData.any ? nodeData.any.subBuilds : null;
		const subBuild = this.getClosestSubBuild( subBuilds );

		if ( subBuild ) {

			if ( data.subBuildsCache === undefined ) data.subBuildsCache = {};

			data = data.subBuildsCache[ subBuild ] || ( data.subBuildsCache[ subBuild ] = {} );
			data.subBuilds = subBuilds;

		}

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the properties for the given node and shader stage.
	 *
	 * Properties are typically used within a build stage to reference a node's
	 * child node or nodes manually assigned to the properties in a separate build stage.
	 * A typical usage pattern for defining nodes manually would be assigning dependency nodes
	 * to the current node's properties in the setup stage and building those properties in the generate stage.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to get the properties for.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} [shaderStage='any'] - The shader stage.
	 * @return {Object} The node properties.
	 */
	getNodeProperties( node, shaderStage = 'any' ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, shaderStage );

		return nodeData.properties || ( nodeData.properties = { outputNode: null } );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link NodeAttribute} for the given buffer attribute node.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttributeNode} node - The buffer attribute node.
	 * @param {string} type - The node type.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the buffer attribute.
	 * @return {NodeAttribute} The node attribute.
	 */
	getBufferAttributeFromNode( node, type, name = null ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, 'vertex' );

		let bufferAttribute = nodeData.bufferAttribute;

		if ( bufferAttribute === undefined ) {

			const index = this.uniforms.index ++;

			if ( name === null ) {

				name = 'nodeAttribute' + index;

			}

			bufferAttribute = new NodeAttribute( name, type, node );

			this.bufferAttributes.push( bufferAttribute );

			nodeData.bufferAttribute = bufferAttribute;

		}

		return bufferAttribute;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link StructType} for the given struct name and shader stage
	 * or null if not found.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name of the struct.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage.
	 * @return {?StructType} The struct type or null if not found.
	 */
	getStructTypeNode( name, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		return this.types[ shaderStage ][ name ] || null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link StructType} for the given output struct node.
	 *
	 * @param {OutputStructNode} node - The output struct node.
	 * @param {Array<Object>} membersLayout - The output struct types.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the struct.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage.
	 * @return {StructType} The struct type attribute.
	 */
	getStructTypeFromNode( node, membersLayout, name = null, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, shaderStage, this.globalCache );

		let structType = nodeData.structType;

		if ( structType === undefined ) {

			const index = this.structs.index ++;

			if ( name === null ) name = 'StructType' + index;

			structType = new StructType( name, membersLayout );

			this.structs[ shaderStage ].push( structType );
			this.types[ shaderStage ][ name ] = node;

			nodeData.structType = structType;

		}

		return structType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link StructType} for the given output struct node.
	 *
	 * @param {OutputStructNode} node - The output struct node.
	 * @param {Array<Object>} membersLayout - The output struct types.
	 * @return {StructType} The struct type attribute.
	 */
	getOutputStructTypeFromNode( node, membersLayout ) {

		const structType = this.getStructTypeFromNode( node, membersLayout, 'OutputType', 'fragment' );
		structType.output = true;

		return structType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link NodeUniform} for the given uniform node.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformNode} node - The uniform node.
	 * @param {string} type - The uniform type.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage.
	 * @param {?string} name - The name of the uniform.
	 * @return {NodeUniform} The node uniform.
	 */
	getUniformFromNode( node, type, shaderStage = this.shaderStage, name = null ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, shaderStage, this.globalCache );

		let nodeUniform = nodeData.uniform;

		if ( nodeUniform === undefined ) {

			const index = this.uniforms.index ++;

			nodeUniform = new NodeUniform( name || ( 'nodeUniform' + index ), type, node );

			this.uniforms[ shaderStage ].push( nodeUniform );

			this.registerDeclaration( nodeUniform );

			nodeData.uniform = nodeUniform;

		}

		return nodeUniform;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link NodeVar} for the given variable node.
	 *
	 * @param {VarNode} node - The variable node.
	 * @param {?string} name - The variable's name.
	 * @param {string} [type=node.getNodeType( this )] - The variable's type.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage.
	 * @param {boolean} [readOnly=false] - Whether the variable is read-only or not.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeVar} The node variable.
	 */
	getVarFromNode( node, name = null, type = node.getNodeType( this ), shaderStage = this.shaderStage, readOnly = false ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, shaderStage );
		const subBuildVariable = this.getSubBuildProperty( 'variable', nodeData.subBuilds );

		let nodeVar = nodeData[ subBuildVariable ];

		if ( nodeVar === undefined ) {

			const idNS = readOnly ? '_const' : '_var';

			const vars = this.vars[ shaderStage ] || ( this.vars[ shaderStage ] = [] );
			const id = this.vars[ idNS ] || ( this.vars[ idNS ] = 0 );

			if ( name === null ) {

				name = ( readOnly ? 'nodeConst' : 'nodeVar' ) + id;

				this.vars[ idNS ] ++;

			}

			//

			if ( subBuildVariable !== 'variable' ) {

				name = this.getSubBuildProperty( name, nodeData.subBuilds );

			}

			//

			const count = node.getArrayCount( this );

			nodeVar = new NodeVar( name, type, readOnly, count );

			if ( ! readOnly ) {

				vars.push( nodeVar );

			}

			this.registerDeclaration( nodeVar );

			nodeData[ subBuildVariable ] = nodeVar;

		}

		return nodeVar;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether a Node or its flow is deterministic, useful for use in `const`.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The varying node.
	 * @return {boolean} Returns true if deterministic.
	 */
	isDeterministic( node ) {

		if ( node.isMathNode ) {

			return this.isDeterministic( node.aNode ) &&
				( node.bNode ? this.isDeterministic( node.bNode ) : true ) &&
				( node.cNode ? this.isDeterministic( node.cNode ) : true );

		} else if ( node.isOperatorNode ) {

			return this.isDeterministic( node.aNode ) &&
				( node.bNode ? this.isDeterministic( node.bNode ) : true );

		} else if ( node.isArrayNode ) {

			if ( node.values !== null ) {

				for ( const n of node.values ) {

					if ( ! this.isDeterministic( n ) ) {

						return false;

					}

				}

			}

			return true;

		} else if ( node.isConstNode ) {

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link NodeVarying} for the given varying node.
	 *
	 * @param {(VaryingNode|PropertyNode)} node - The varying node.
	 * @param {?string} name - The varying's name.
	 * @param {string} [type=node.getNodeType( this )] - The varying's type.
	 * @param {?string} interpolationType - The interpolation type of the varying.
	 * @param {?string} interpolationSampling - The interpolation sampling type of the varying.
	 * @return {NodeVar} The node varying.
	 */
	getVaryingFromNode( node, name = null, type = node.getNodeType( this ), interpolationType = null, interpolationSampling = null ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, 'any' );
		const subBuildVarying = this.getSubBuildProperty( 'varying', nodeData.subBuilds );

		let nodeVarying = nodeData[ subBuildVarying ];

		if ( nodeVarying === undefined ) {

			const varyings = this.varyings;
			const index = varyings.length;

			if ( name === null ) name = 'nodeVarying' + index;

			//

			if ( subBuildVarying !== 'varying' ) {

				name = this.getSubBuildProperty( name, nodeData.subBuilds );

			}

			//

			nodeVarying = new NodeVarying( name, type, interpolationType, interpolationSampling );

			varyings.push( nodeVarying );

			this.registerDeclaration( nodeVarying );

			nodeData[ subBuildVarying ] = nodeVarying;

		}

		return nodeVarying;

	}

	/**
	 * Registers a node declaration in the current shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} node - The node to be registered.
	 */
	registerDeclaration( node ) {

		const shaderStage = this.shaderStage;
		const declarations = this.declarations[ shaderStage ] || ( this.declarations[ shaderStage ] = {} );
		const checkKeywords = this.renderer.debug.diagnostics.keywords;

		const baseName = node.name;

		let name = baseName;
		let property = this.getPropertyName( node );
		let index = 1;

		// Automatically renames the property if the name is already in use or reserved.

		while ( ( checkKeywords && this.isReservedKeyword( name ) ) || declarations[ property ] !== undefined ) {

			name = baseName + '_' + index ++;
			node.name = name;
			property = this.getPropertyName( node );

		}

		if ( name !== baseName ) {

			warn( `TSL: Declaration name '${ baseName }' of '${ node.type }' is a reserved keyword or already in use. Renamed to '${ name }'.` );

		}

		declarations[ property ] = node;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of {@link NodeCode} for the given code node.
	 *
	 * @param {CodeNode} node - The code node.
	 * @param {string} type - The node type.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage.
	 * @return {NodeCode} The node code.
	 */
	getCodeFromNode( node, type, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node );

		let nodeCode = nodeData.code;

		if ( nodeCode === undefined ) {

			const codes = this.codes[ shaderStage ] || ( this.codes[ shaderStage ] = [] );
			const index = codes.length;

			nodeCode = new NodeCode( 'nodeCode' + index, type );

			codes.push( nodeCode );

			nodeData.code = nodeCode;

		}

		return nodeCode;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a code flow based on the code-block hierarchy.

	 * This is used so that code-blocks like If,Else create their variables locally if the Node
	 * is only used inside one of these conditionals in the current shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 * @param {Node} nodeBlock - Node-based code-block. Usually 'ConditionalNode'.
	 */
	addFlowCodeHierarchy( node, nodeBlock ) {

		const { flowCodes, flowCodeBlock } = this.getDataFromNode( node );

		let needsFlowCode = true;
		let nodeBlockHierarchy = nodeBlock;

		while ( nodeBlockHierarchy ) {

			if ( flowCodeBlock.get( nodeBlockHierarchy ) === true ) {

				needsFlowCode = false;
				break;

			}

			nodeBlockHierarchy = this.getDataFromNode( nodeBlockHierarchy ).parentNodeBlock;

		}

		if ( needsFlowCode ) {

			for ( const flowCode of flowCodes ) {

				this.addLineFlowCode( flowCode );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Add a inline-code to the current flow code-block.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to add.
	 * @param {string} code - The code to add.
	 * @param {Node} nodeBlock - Current ConditionalNode
	 */
	addLineFlowCodeBlock( node, code, nodeBlock ) {

		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node );
		const flowCodes = nodeData.flowCodes || ( nodeData.flowCodes = [] );
		const codeBlock = nodeData.flowCodeBlock || ( nodeData.flowCodeBlock = new WeakMap() );

		flowCodes.push( code );
		codeBlock.set( nodeBlock, true );

	}

	/**
	 * Add a inline-code to the current flow.
	 *
	 * @param {string} code - The code to add.
	 * @param {?Node} [node= null] - Optional Node, can help the system understand if the Node is part of a code-block.
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} A reference to this node builder.
	 */
	addLineFlowCode( code, node = null ) {

		if ( code === '' ) return this;

		if ( node !== null && this.context.nodeBlock ) {

			this.addLineFlowCodeBlock( node, code, this.context.nodeBlock );

		}

		code = this.tab + code;

		if ( ! /;\s*$/.test( code ) ) {

			code = code + ';\n';

		}

		this.flow.code += code;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a code to the current code flow.
	 *
	 * @param {string} code - Shader code.
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} A reference to this node builder.
	 */
	addFlowCode( code ) {

		this.flow.code += code;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Add tab in the code that will be generated so that other snippets respect the current tabulation.
	 * Typically used in codes with If,Else.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} A reference to this node builder.
	 */
	addFlowTab() {

		this.tab += '\t';

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Removes a tab.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} A reference to this node builder.
	 */
	removeFlowTab() {

		this.tab = this.tab.slice( 0, -1 );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the current flow data based on a Node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - Node that the flow was started.
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {Object} The flow data.
	 */
	getFlowData( node/*, shaderStage*/ ) {

		return this.flowsData.get( node );

	}

	/**
	 * Executes the node flow based on a root node to generate the final shader code.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to execute.
	 * @return {Object} The code flow.
	 */
	flowNode( node ) {

		const output = node.getNodeType( this );

		const flowData = this.flowChildNode( node, output );

		this.flowsData.set( node, flowData );

		return flowData;

	}

	/**
	 * Includes a node in the current function node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to include.
	 * @returns {void}
	 */
	addInclude( node ) {

		if ( this.currentFunctionNode !== null ) {

			this.currentFunctionNode.includes.push( node );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native shader operator name for a given generic name.
	 * It is a similar type of method like {@link NodeBuilder#getMethod}.
	 *
	 * @param {ShaderNodeInternal} shaderNode - The shader node to build the function node with.
	 * @return {FunctionNode} The build function node.
	 */
	buildFunctionNode( shaderNode ) {

		const backend = this.renderer.backend;

		let cache = _functionNodeCache.get( backend );

		if ( cache === undefined ) {

			cache = new WeakMap();
			_functionNodeCache.set( backend, cache );

		}

		let fn = cache.get( shaderNode );

		if ( fn === undefined ) {

			fn = new FunctionNode();

			const previous = this.currentFunctionNode;

			this.currentFunctionNode = fn;

			fn.code = this.buildFunctionCode( shaderNode );

			this.currentFunctionNode = previous;

			cache.set( shaderNode, fn );

		}

		return fn;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a code flow based on a TSL function: Fn().
	 *
	 * @param {ShaderNodeInternal} shaderNode - A function code will be generated based on the input.
	 * @return {Object}
	 */
	flowShaderNode( shaderNode ) {

		const layout = shaderNode.layout;

		const inputs = {
			[ Symbol.iterator ]() {

				let index = 0;
				const values = Object.values( this );
				return {
					next: () => ( {
						value: values[ index ],
						done: index ++ >= values.length
					} )
				};

			}
		};

		for ( const input of layout.inputs ) {

			inputs[ input.name ] = new ParameterNode( input.type, input.name );

		}

		//

		shaderNode.layout = null;

		const callNode = shaderNode.call( inputs );
		const flowData = this.flowStagesNode( callNode, layout.type );

		shaderNode.layout = layout;

		return flowData;

	}

	/**
	 * Executes the node in a specific build stage.
	 *
	 * This function can be used to arbitrarily execute the specified build stage
	 * outside of the standard build process. For instance, if a node's type depends
	 * on properties created by the 'setup' stage, then flowBuildStage(node, 'setup')
	 * can be used to execute the setup build stage and access its generated nodes
	 * before the standard build process begins.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to execute.
	 * @param {string} buildStage - The build stage to execute the node in.
	 * @param {?(Node|string)} [output=null] - Expected output type. For example 'vec3'.
	 * @return {?(Node|string)} The result of the node build.
	 */
	flowBuildStage( node, buildStage, output = null ) {

		const previousBuildStage = this.getBuildStage();

		this.setBuildStage( buildStage );

		const result = node.build( this, output );

		this.setBuildStage( previousBuildStage );

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Runs the node flow through all the steps of creation, 'setup', 'analyze', 'generate'.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to execute.
	 * @param {?string} output - Expected output type. For example 'vec3'.
	 * @return {Object}
	 */
	flowStagesNode( node, output = null ) {

		const previousFlow = this.flow;
		const previousVars = this.vars;
		const previousDeclarations = this.declarations;
		const previousCache = this.cache;
		const previousBuildStage = this.buildStage;
		const previousStack = this.stack;

		const flow = {
			code: ''
		};

		this.flow = flow;
		this.vars = {};
		this.declarations = {};
		this.cache = new NodeCache();
		this.stack = stack();

		for ( const buildStage of defaultBuildStages ) {

			this.setBuildStage( buildStage );

			flow.result = node.build( this, output );

		}

		flow.vars = this.getVars( this.shaderStage );

		this.flow = previousFlow;
		this.vars = previousVars;
		this.declarations = previousDeclarations;
		this.cache = previousCache;
		this.stack = previousStack;

		this.setBuildStage( previousBuildStage );

		return flow;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native shader operator name for a given generic name.
	 * It is a similar type of method like {@link NodeBuilder#getMethod}.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} op - The operator name to resolve.
	 * @return {?string} The resolved operator name.
	 */
	getFunctionOperator( /* op */ ) {

		return null;

	}

	/**
	 * Builds the given shader node.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {ShaderNodeInternal} shaderNode - The shader node.
	 * @return {string} The function code.
	 */
	buildFunctionCode( /* shaderNode */ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a code flow based on a child Node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to execute.
	 * @param {?string} output - Expected output type. For example 'vec3'.
	 * @return {Object} The code flow.
	 */
	flowChildNode( node, output = null ) {

		const previousFlow = this.flow;

		const flow = {
			code: ''
		};

		this.flow = flow;

		flow.result = node.build( this, output );

		this.flow = previousFlow;

		return flow;

	}

	/**
	 * Executes a flow of code in a different stage.
	 *
	 * Some nodes like `varying()` have the ability to compute code in vertex-stage and
	 * return the value in fragment-stage even if it is being executed in an input fragment.
	 *
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to execute.
	 * @param {?string} output - Expected output type. For example 'vec3'.
	 * @param {?string} propertyName - The property name to assign the result.
	 * @return {?(Object|Node)} The code flow or node.build() result.
	 */
	flowNodeFromShaderStage( shaderStage, node, output = null, propertyName = null ) {

		const previousTab = this.tab;
		const previousCache = this.cache;
		const previousShaderStage = this.shaderStage;
		const previousContext = this.context;

		this.setShaderStage( shaderStage );

		const context = { ...this.context };
		delete context.nodeBlock;

		this.cache = this.globalCache;
		this.tab = '\t';
		this.context = context;

		let result = null;

		if ( this.buildStage === 'generate' ) {

			const flowData = this.flowChildNode( node, output );

			if ( propertyName !== null ) {

				flowData.code += `${ this.tab + propertyName } = ${ flowData.result };\n`;

			}

			this.flowCode[ shaderStage ] = this.flowCode[ shaderStage ] + flowData.code;

			result = flowData;

		} else {

			result = node.build( this );

		}

		this.setShaderStage( previousShaderStage );

		this.cache = previousCache;
		this.tab = previousTab;
		this.context = previousContext;

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array holding all node attributes of this node builder.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<NodeAttribute>} The node attributes of this builder.
	 */
	getAttributesArray() {

		return this.attributes.concat( this.bufferAttributes );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the attribute definitions as a shader string for the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The attribute code section.
	 */
	getAttributes( /*shaderStage*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the varying definitions as a shader string for the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The varying code section.
	 */
	getVaryings( /*shaderStage*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a single variable definition as a shader string for the given variable type and name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The variable's type.
	 * @param {string} name - The variable's name.
	 * @param {?number} [count=null] - The array length.
	 * @return {string} The shader string.
	 */
	getVar( type, name, count = null ) {

		return `${ count !== null ? this.generateArrayDeclaration( type, count ) : this.getType( type ) } ${ name }`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the variable definitions as a shader string for the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @param {boolean} [global=false] - Whether the variables are global.
	 * @return {string} The variable code section.
	 */
	getVars( shaderStage, global = false ) {

		const snippets = [];

		const vars = this.vars[ shaderStage ];

		if ( vars !== undefined ) {

			for ( const variable of vars ) {

				snippets.push( `${ this.getVar( variable.type, variable.name, variable.count ) };` );

			}

		}

		return snippets.join( global ? '\n' : '\n\t' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the uniform definitions as a shader string for the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The uniform code section.
	 */
	getUniforms( /*shaderStage*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native code definitions as a shader string for the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The native code section.
	 */
	getCodes( shaderStage ) {

		const codes = this.codes[ shaderStage ];

		let code = '';

		if ( codes !== undefined ) {

			for ( const nodeCode of codes ) {

				code += nodeCode.code + '\n';

			}

		}

		return code;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the hash of this node builder.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The hash.
	 */
	getHash() {

		return this.vertexShader + this.fragmentShader + this.computeShader;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the current shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {?('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} shaderStage - The shader stage to set.
	 */
	setShaderStage( shaderStage ) {

		this.shaderStage = shaderStage;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current shader stage.
	 *
	 * @return {?('vertex'|'fragment'|'compute'|'any')} The current shader stage.
	 */
	getShaderStage() {

		return this.shaderStage;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the current build stage.
	 *
	 * @param {?('setup'|'analyze'|'generate')} buildStage - The build stage to set.
	 */
	setBuildStage( buildStage ) {

		this.buildStage = buildStage;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current build stage.
	 *
	 * @return {?('setup'|'analyze'|'generate')} The current build stage.
	 */
	getBuildStage() {

		return this.buildStage;

	}

	/**
	 * Controls the code build of the shader stages.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 */
	buildCode() {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current sub-build layer.
	 *
	 * @return {SubBuildNode} The current sub-build layers.
	 */
	get subBuild() {

		return this.subBuildLayers[ this.subBuildLayers.length - 1 ] || null;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a sub-build layer to the node builder.
	 *
	 * @param {SubBuildNode} subBuild - The sub-build layer to add.
	 */
	addSubBuild( subBuild ) {

		this.subBuildLayers.push( subBuild );

	}

	/**
	 * Removes the last sub-build layer from the node builder.
	 *
	 * @return {SubBuildNode} The removed sub-build layer.
	 */
	removeSubBuild() {

		return this.subBuildLayers.pop();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the closest sub-build layer for the given data.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Set<string>|Array<string>} data - The data to get the closest sub-build layer from.
	 * @return {?string} The closest sub-build name or null if none found.
	 */
	getClosestSubBuild( data ) {

		let subBuilds;

		if ( data && data.isNode ) {

			if ( data.isShaderCallNodeInternal ) {

				subBuilds = data.shaderNode.subBuilds;

			} else if ( data.isStackNode ) {

				subBuilds = [ data.subBuild ];

			} else {

				subBuilds = this.getDataFromNode( data, 'any' ).subBuilds;

			}

		} else if ( data instanceof Set ) {

			subBuilds = [ ...data ];

		} else {

			subBuilds = data;

		}

		if ( ! subBuilds ) return null;

		const subBuildLayers = this.subBuildLayers;

		for ( let i = subBuilds.length - 1; i >= 0; i -- ) {

			const subBuild = subBuilds[ i ];

			if ( subBuildLayers.includes( subBuild ) ) {

				return subBuild;

			}

		}

		return null;

	}


	/**
	 * Returns the output node of a sub-build layer.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to get the output from.
	 * @return {string} The output node name.
	 */
	getSubBuildOutput( node ) {

		return this.getSubBuildProperty( 'outputNode', node );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the sub-build property name for the given property and node.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [property=''] - The property name.
	 * @param {?Node} [node=null] - The node to get the sub-build from.
	 * @return {string} The sub-build property name.
	 */
	getSubBuildProperty( property = '', node = null ) {

		let subBuild;

		if ( node !== null ) {

			subBuild = this.getClosestSubBuild( node );

		} else {

			subBuild = this.subBuildFn;

		}

		let result;

		if ( subBuild ) {

			result = property ? ( subBuild + '_' + property ) : subBuild;

		} else {

			result = property;

		}

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Prebuild the node builder.
	 */
	prebuild() {

		const { object, renderer, material } = this;

		// < renderer.contextNode >

		if ( renderer.contextNode.isContextNode === true ) {

			this.context = { ...this.context, ...renderer.contextNode.getFlowContextData() };

		} else {

			error( 'NodeBuilder: "renderer.contextNode" must be an instance of `context()`.' );

		}

		// < material.contextNode >

		if ( material && material.contextNode ) {

			if ( material.contextNode.isContextNode === true ) {

				this.context = { ...this.context, ...material.contextNode.getFlowContextData() };

			} else {

				error( 'NodeBuilder: "material.contextNode" must be an instance of `context()`.' );

			}

		}

		// < nodeMaterial >

		if ( material !== null ) {

			let nodeMaterial = renderer.library.fromMaterial( material );

			if ( nodeMaterial === null ) {

				error( `NodeBuilder: Material "${ material.type }" is not compatible.` );

				nodeMaterial = new NodeMaterial();

			}

			nodeMaterial.build( this );

		} else {

			this.addFlow( 'compute', object );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Central build method which controls the build for the given object.
	 *
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} A reference to this node builder.
	 */
	build() {

		this.prebuild();

		// setup() -> stage 1: create possible new nodes and/or return an output reference node
		// analyze()   -> stage 2: analyze nodes to possible optimization and validation
		// generate()  -> stage 3: generate shader

		for ( const buildStage of defaultBuildStages ) {

			this.setBuildStage( buildStage );

			if ( this.context.position && this.context.position.isNode ) {

				this.flowNodeFromShaderStage( 'vertex', this.context.position );

			}

			for ( const shaderStage of shaderStages ) {

				this.setShaderStage( shaderStage );

				const flowNodes = this.flowNodes[ shaderStage ];

				for ( const node of flowNodes ) {

					if ( buildStage === 'generate' ) {

						this.flowNode( node );

					} else {

						node.build( this );

					}

				}

			}

		}

		this.setBuildStage( null );
		this.setShaderStage( null );

		// stage 4: build code for a specific output

		this.buildCode();
		this.buildUpdateNodes();

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of build() that yields to main thread between shader stages.
	 * Use this in compileAsync() to prevent blocking the main thread.
	 *
	 * @return {Promise<NodeBuilder>} A promise that resolves to this node builder.
	 */
	async buildAsync() {

		this.prebuild();

		// setup() -> stage 1: create possible new nodes and/or return an output reference node
		// analyze()   -> stage 2: analyze nodes to possible optimization and validation
		// generate()  -> stage 3: generate shader

		for ( const buildStage of defaultBuildStages ) {

			this.setBuildStage( buildStage );

			if ( this.context.position && this.context.position.isNode ) {

				this.flowNodeFromShaderStage( 'vertex', this.context.position );

			}

			for ( const shaderStage of shaderStages ) {

				this.setShaderStage( shaderStage );

				const flowNodes = this.flowNodes[ shaderStage ];

				for ( const node of flowNodes ) {

					if ( buildStage === 'generate' ) {

						this.flowNode( node );

					} else {

						node.build( this );

					}

				}

				// Yield to main thread after each shader stage to prevent blocking
				await yieldToMain();

			}

		}

		this.setBuildStage( null );
		this.setShaderStage( null );

		// stage 4: build code for a specific output

		this.buildCode();
		this.buildUpdateNodes();

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns shared data object for the given node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node to get shared data from.
	 * @return {Object} The shared data.
	 */
	getSharedDataFromNode( node ) {

		let data = sharedNodeData.get( node );

		if ( data === undefined ) {

			data = {};

		}

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a uniform representation which is later used for UBO generation and rendering.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniform} uniformNode - The uniform node.
	 * @param {string} type - The requested type.
	 * @return {Uniform} The uniform.
	 */
	getNodeUniform( uniformNode, type ) {

		const nodeData = this.getSharedDataFromNode( uniformNode );

		let node = nodeData.cache;

		if ( node === undefined ) {

			if ( type === 'float' || type === 'int' || type === 'uint' ) node = new NumberNodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else if ( type === 'vec2' || type === 'ivec2' || type === 'uvec2' ) node = new Vector2NodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else if ( type === 'vec3' || type === 'ivec3' || type === 'uvec3' ) node = new Vector3NodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else if ( type === 'vec4' || type === 'ivec4' || type === 'uvec4' ) node = new Vector4NodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else if ( type === 'color' ) node = new ColorNodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else if ( type === 'mat2' ) node = new Matrix2NodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else if ( type === 'mat3' ) node = new Matrix3NodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else if ( type === 'mat4' ) node = new Matrix4NodeUniform( uniformNode );
			else {

				throw new Error( `THREE.NodeBuilder: Uniform "${ type }" not implemented.` );

			}

			nodeData.cache = node;

		}

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Formats the given shader snippet from a given type into another one. E.g.
	 * this method might be used to convert a simple float string `"1.0"` into a
	 * `vec3` representation: `"vec3<f32>( 1.0 )"`.
	 *
	 * @param {string} snippet - The shader snippet.
	 * @param {string} fromType - The source type.
	 * @param {string} toType - The target type.
	 * @return {string} The updated shader string.
	 */
	format( snippet, fromType, toType ) {

		fromType = this.getVectorType( fromType );
		toType = this.getVectorType( toType );

		if ( fromType === toType || toType === null || this.isReference( toType ) ) {

			return snippet;

		}

		const fromTypeLength = this.getTypeLength( fromType );
		const toTypeLength = this.getTypeLength( toType );

		if ( fromTypeLength === 16 && toTypeLength === 9 ) {

			return `${ this.getType( toType ) }( ${ snippet }[ 0 ].xyz, ${ snippet }[ 1 ].xyz, ${ snippet }[ 2 ].xyz )`;

		}

		if ( fromTypeLength === 9 && toTypeLength === 4 ) {

			return `${ this.getType( toType ) }( ${ snippet }[ 0 ].xy, ${ snippet }[ 1 ].xy )`;

		}


		if ( fromTypeLength > 4 ) { // fromType is matrix-like

			// @TODO: ignore for now

			return snippet;

		}

		if ( toTypeLength > 4 || toTypeLength === 0 ) { // toType is matrix-like or unknown

			// @TODO: ignore for now

			return snippet;

		}

		if ( fromTypeLength === toTypeLength ) {

			return `${ this.getType( toType ) }( ${ snippet } )`;

		}

		if ( fromTypeLength > toTypeLength ) {

			snippet = toType === 'bool' ? `all( ${ snippet } )` : `${ snippet }.${ 'xyz'.slice( 0, toTypeLength ) }`;

			return this.format( snippet, this.getTypeFromLength( toTypeLength, this.getComponentType( fromType ) ), toType );

		}

		if ( toTypeLength === 4 && fromTypeLength > 1 ) { // toType is vec4-like

			return `${ this.getType( toType ) }( ${ this.format( snippet, fromType, 'vec3' ) }, 1.0 )`;

		}

		if ( fromTypeLength === 2 ) { // fromType is vec2-like and toType is vec3-like

			return `${ this.getType( toType ) }( ${ this.format( snippet, fromType, 'vec2' ) }, 0.0 )`;

		}

		if ( fromTypeLength === 1 && toTypeLength > 1 && fromType !== this.getComponentType( toType ) ) { // fromType is float-like

			// convert a number value to vector type, e.g:
			// vec3( 1u ) -> vec3( float( 1u ) )

			snippet = `${ this.getType( this.getComponentType( toType ) ) }( ${ snippet } )`;

		}

		return `${ this.getType( toType ) }( ${ snippet } )`; // fromType is float-like

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a signature with the engine's current revision.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The signature.
	 */
	getSignature() {

		return `// Three.js r${ REVISION } - Node System\n`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if data from the previous frame are required. Relevant
	 * when computing motion vectors with {@link VelocityNode}.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether data from the previous frame are required or not.
	 */
	needsPreviousData() {

		const mrt = this.renderer.getMRT();

		return ( mrt && mrt.has( 'velocity' ) ) || getDataFromObject( this.object ).useVelocity === true;

	}

}

/**
 * Management class for updating nodes. The module tracks metrics like
 * the elapsed time, delta time, the render and frame ID to correctly
 * call the node update methods {@link Node#updateBefore}, {@link Node#update}
 * and {@link Node#updateAfter} depending on the node's configuration.
 */
class NodeFrame {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node fame.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The elapsed time in seconds.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.time = 0;

		/**
		 * The delta time in seconds.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.deltaTime = 0;

		/**
		 * The frame ID.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.frameId = 0;

		/**
		 * The render ID.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.renderId = 0;

		/**
		 * Used to control the {@link Node#update} call.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Node, Object>}
		 */
		this.updateMap = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * Used to control the {@link Node#updateBefore} call.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Node, Object>}
		 */
		this.updateBeforeMap = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * Used to control the {@link Node#updateAfter} call.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Node, Object>}
		 */
		this.updateAfterMap = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * A reference to the current renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {?Renderer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.renderer = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current material.
		 *
		 * @type {?Material}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.material = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current camera.
		 *
		 * @type {?Camera}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.camera = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current 3D object.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object3D}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.object = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current scene.
		 *
		 * @type {?Scene}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.scene = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a dictionary for a given node and update map which
	 * is used to correctly call node update methods per frame or render.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {WeakMap<Node, Object>} referenceMap - The reference weak map.
	 * @param {Node} nodeRef - The reference to the current node.
	 * @return {Object<string,WeakMap<Object, number>>} The dictionary.
	 */
	_getMaps( referenceMap, nodeRef ) {

		let maps = referenceMap.get( nodeRef );

		if ( maps === undefined ) {

			maps = {
				renderId: 0,
				frameId: 0,
			};

			referenceMap.set( nodeRef, maps );

		}

		return maps;

	}

	/**
	 * This method executes the {@link Node#updateBefore} for the given node.
	 * It makes sure {@link Node#updateBeforeType} is honored meaning the update
	 * is only executed once per frame, render or object depending on the update
	 * type.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be updated.
	 */
	updateBeforeNode( node ) {

		const updateType = node.getUpdateBeforeType();
		const reference = node.updateReference( this );

		if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.FRAME ) {

			const nodeUpdateBeforeMap = this._getMaps( this.updateBeforeMap, reference );

			if ( nodeUpdateBeforeMap.frameId !== this.frameId ) {

				const previousFrameId = nodeUpdateBeforeMap.frameId;

				nodeUpdateBeforeMap.frameId = this.frameId;

				if ( node.updateBefore( this ) === false ) {

					nodeUpdateBeforeMap.frameId = previousFrameId;

				}

			}

		} else if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.RENDER ) {

			const nodeUpdateBeforeMap = this._getMaps( this.updateBeforeMap, reference );

			if ( nodeUpdateBeforeMap.renderId !== this.renderId ) {

				const previousRenderId = nodeUpdateBeforeMap.renderId;

				nodeUpdateBeforeMap.renderId = this.renderId;

				if ( node.updateBefore( this ) === false ) {

					nodeUpdateBeforeMap.renderId = previousRenderId;

				}

			}

		} else if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.OBJECT ) {

			node.updateBefore( this );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method executes the {@link Node#updateAfter} for the given node.
	 * It makes sure {@link Node#updateAfterType} is honored meaning the update
	 * is only executed once per frame, render or object depending on the update
	 * type.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be updated.
	 */
	updateAfterNode( node ) {

		const updateType = node.getUpdateAfterType();
		const reference = node.updateReference( this );

		if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.FRAME ) {

			const nodeUpdateAfterMap = this._getMaps( this.updateAfterMap, reference );

			if ( nodeUpdateAfterMap.frameId !== this.frameId ) {

				if ( node.updateAfter( this ) !== false ) {

					nodeUpdateAfterMap.frameId = this.frameId;

				}

			}

		} else if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.RENDER ) {

			const nodeUpdateAfterMap = this._getMaps( this.updateAfterMap, reference );

			if ( nodeUpdateAfterMap.renderId !== this.renderId ) {

				if ( node.updateAfter( this ) !== false ) {

					nodeUpdateAfterMap.renderId = this.renderId;

				}

			}

		} else if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.OBJECT ) {

			node.updateAfter( this );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method executes the {@link Node#update} for the given node.
	 * It makes sure {@link Node#updateType} is honored meaning the update
	 * is only executed once per frame, render or object depending on the update
	 * type.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node that should be updated.
	 */
	updateNode( node ) {

		const updateType = node.getUpdateType();
		const reference = node.updateReference( this );

		if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.FRAME ) {

			const nodeUpdateMap = this._getMaps( this.updateMap, reference );

			if ( nodeUpdateMap.frameId !== this.frameId ) {

				if ( node.update( this ) !== false ) {

					nodeUpdateMap.frameId = this.frameId;

				}

			}

		} else if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.RENDER ) {

			const nodeUpdateMap = this._getMaps( this.updateMap, reference );

			if ( nodeUpdateMap.renderId !== this.renderId ) {

				if ( node.update( this ) !== false ) {

					nodeUpdateMap.renderId = this.renderId;

				}

			}

		} else if ( updateType === NodeUpdateType.OBJECT ) {

			node.update( this );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the internal state of the node frame. This method is
	 * called by the renderer in its internal animation loop.
	 */
	update() {

		this.frameId ++;

		if ( this.lastTime === undefined ) this.lastTime = performance.now();

		this.deltaTime = ( performance.now() - this.lastTime ) / 1000;

		this.lastTime = performance.now();

		this.time += this.deltaTime;

	}

}

/**
 * Describes the input of a {@link NodeFunction}.
 */
class NodeFunctionInput {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node function input.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The input type.
	 * @param {string} name - The input name.
	 * @param {?number} [count=null] - If the input is an Array, count will be the length.
	 * @param {('in'|'out'|'inout')} [qualifier=''] - The parameter qualifier (only relevant for GLSL).
	 * @param {boolean} [isConst=false] - Whether the input uses a const qualifier or not (only relevant for GLSL).
	 */
	constructor( type, name, count = null, qualifier = '', isConst = false ) {

		/**
		 *  The input type.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.type = type;

		/**
		 * The input name.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * If the input is an Array, count will be the length.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.count = count;

		/**
		 *The parameter qualifier (only relevant for GLSL).
		 *
		 * @type {('in'|'out'|'inout')}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.qualifier = qualifier;

		/**
		 * Whether the input uses a const qualifier or not (only relevant for GLSL).
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.isConst = isConst;

	}

}

NodeFunctionInput.isNodeFunctionInput = true;

/**
 * Module for representing ambient lights as nodes.
 *
 * @augments AnalyticLightNode
 */
class AmbientLightNode extends AnalyticLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'AmbientLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new ambient light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?AmbientLight} [light=null] - The ambient light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

	}

	setup( { context } ) {

		context.irradiance.addAssign( this.colorNode );

	}

}

/**
 * Module for representing directional lights as nodes.
 *
 * @augments AnalyticLightNode
 */
class DirectionalLightNode extends AnalyticLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'DirectionalLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new directional light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?DirectionalLight} [light=null] - The directional light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

	}

	setupDirect() {

		const lightColor = this.colorNode;
		const lightDirection = lightTargetDirection( this.light );

		return { lightDirection, lightColor };

	}

}

/**
 * Module for representing hemisphere lights as nodes.
 *
 * @augments AnalyticLightNode
 */
class HemisphereLightNode extends AnalyticLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'HemisphereLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new hemisphere light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?HemisphereLight} [light=null] - The hemisphere light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the light's position.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<vec3>}
		 */
		this.lightPositionNode = lightPosition( light );

		/**
		 * A node representing the light's direction.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec3>}
		 */
		this.lightDirectionNode = this.lightPositionNode.normalize();

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the light's ground color.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<vec3>}
		 */
		this.groundColorNode = uniform( new Color() ).setGroup( renderGroup );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to updated hemisphere light specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		const { light } = this;

		super.update( frame );

		this.lightPositionNode.object3d = light;

		this.groundColorNode.value.copy( light.groundColor ).multiplyScalar( light.intensity );

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const { colorNode, groundColorNode, lightDirectionNode } = this;

		const dotNL = normalWorld.dot( lightDirectionNode );
		const hemiDiffuseWeight = dotNL.mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 );

		const irradiance = mix( groundColorNode, colorNode, hemiDiffuseWeight );

		builder.context.irradiance.addAssign( irradiance );

	}

}

/**
 * Module for representing spot lights as nodes.
 *
 * @augments AnalyticLightNode
 */
class SpotLightNode extends AnalyticLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'SpotLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new spot light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?SpotLight} [light=null] - The spot light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the cone cosine.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this.coneCosNode = uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the penumbra cosine.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this.penumbraCosNode = uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the cutoff distance.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this.cutoffDistanceNode = uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the decay exponent.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<float>}
		 */
		this.decayExponentNode = uniform( 0 ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the light color.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<Color>}
		 */
		this.colorNode = uniform( this.color ).setGroup( renderGroup );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to updated spot light specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		super.update( frame );

		const { light } = this;

		this.coneCosNode.value = Math.cos( light.angle );
		this.penumbraCosNode.value = Math.cos( light.angle * ( 1 - light.penumbra ) );

		this.cutoffDistanceNode.value = light.distance;
		this.decayExponentNode.value = light.decay;

	}

	/**
	 * Computes the spot attenuation for the given angle.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @param {Node<float>} angleCosine - The angle to compute the spot attenuation for.
	 * @return {Node<float>} The spot attenuation.
	 */
	getSpotAttenuation( builder, angleCosine ) {

		const { coneCosNode, penumbraCosNode } = this;

		return smoothstep( coneCosNode, penumbraCosNode, angleCosine );

	}

	getLightCoord( builder ) {

		const properties = builder.getNodeProperties( this );
		let projectionUV = properties.projectionUV;

		if ( projectionUV === undefined ) {

			projectionUV = lightProjectionUV( this.light, builder.context.positionWorld );

			properties.projectionUV = projectionUV;

		}

		return projectionUV;

	}

	setupDirect( builder ) {

		const { colorNode, cutoffDistanceNode, decayExponentNode, light } = this;

		const lightVector = this.getLightVector( builder );

		const lightDirection = lightVector.normalize();
		const angleCos = lightDirection.dot( lightTargetDirection( light ) );

		const spotAttenuation = this.getSpotAttenuation( builder, angleCos );

		const lightDistance = lightVector.length();

		const lightAttenuation = getDistanceAttenuation( {
			lightDistance,
			cutoffDistance: cutoffDistanceNode,
			decayExponent: decayExponentNode
		} );

		let lightColor = colorNode.mul( spotAttenuation ).mul( lightAttenuation );

		let projected, lightCoord;

		if ( light.colorNode ) {

			lightCoord = this.getLightCoord( builder );
			projected = light.colorNode( lightCoord );

		} else if ( light.map ) {

			lightCoord = this.getLightCoord( builder );
			projected = texture( light.map, lightCoord.xy ).onRenderUpdate( () => light.map );

		}

		if ( projected ) {

			const inSpotLightMap = lightCoord.mul( 2. ).sub( 1. ).abs().lessThan( 1. ).all();

			lightColor = inSpotLightMap.select( lightColor.mul( projected ), lightColor );

		}

		return { lightColor, lightDirection };

	}

}

/**
 * An IES version of the default spot light node.
 *
 * @augments SpotLightNode
 */
class IESSpotLightNode extends SpotLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'IESSpotLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new IES spot light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?SpotLight} [light=null] - The spot light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

		/**
		 * The texture node representing the IES texture.
		 *
		 * @type {?TextureNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._iesTextureNode = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to compute an IES conform spot attenuation.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @param {Node<float>} angleCosine - The angle to compute the spot attenuation for.
	 * @return {Node<float>} The spot attenuation.
	 */
	getSpotAttenuation( builder, angleCosine ) {

		const iesMap = this.light.iesMap;

		let spotAttenuation = null;

		if ( iesMap && iesMap.isTexture === true ) {

			const angle = angleCosine.acos().mul( 1.0 / Math.PI );

			this._iesTextureNode = texture( iesMap, vec2( angle, 0 ), 0 );

			spotAttenuation = this._iesTextureNode.r;

		} else {

			spotAttenuation = super.getSpotAttenuation( builder, angleCosine );

		}

		return spotAttenuation;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to update the IES spot light texture.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		super.update( frame );

		if ( this._iesTextureNode !== null && this.light.iesMap ) {

			this._iesTextureNode.value = this.light.iesMap;

		}

	}

}

/**
 * Module for representing light probes as nodes.
 *
 * @augments AnalyticLightNode
 */
class LightProbeNode extends AnalyticLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'LightProbeNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new light probe node.
	 *
	 * @param {?LightProbe} [light=null] - The light probe.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

		const array = [];

		for ( let i = 0; i < 9; i ++ ) array.push( new Vector3() );

		/**
		 * Light probe represented as a uniform of spherical harmonics.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformArrayNode}
		 */
		this.lightProbe = uniformArray( array );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to updated light probe specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		const { light } = this;

		super.update( frame );

		//

		for ( let i = 0; i < 9; i ++ ) {

			this.lightProbe.array[ i ].copy( light.sh.coefficients[ i ] ).multiplyScalar( light.intensity );

		}

	}

	setup( builder ) {

		const irradiance = getShIrradianceAt( normalWorld, this.lightProbe );

		builder.context.irradiance.addAssign( irradiance );

	}

}

const sdBox = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ p, b ] ) => {

	const d = p.abs().sub( b );

	return length( max$1( d, 0.0 ) ).add( min$1( max$1( d.x, d.y ), 0.0 ) );

} );

/**
 * An implementation of a projector light node.
 *
 * @augments SpotLightNode
 */
class ProjectorLightNode extends SpotLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'ProjectorLightNode';

	}

	update( frame ) {

		super.update( frame );

		const light = this.light;

		this.penumbraCosNode.value = Math.min( Math.cos( light.angle * ( 1 - light.penumbra ) ), .99999 );

		if ( light.aspect === null ) {

			let aspect = 1;

			if ( light.map !== null ) {

				aspect = light.map.width / light.map.height;

			}

			light.shadow.aspect = aspect;

		} else {

			light.shadow.aspect = light.aspect;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Overwrites the default implementation to compute projection attenuation.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The node builder.
	 * @return {Node<float>} The spot attenuation.
	 */
	getSpotAttenuation( builder ) {

		const attenuation = float( 0 );
		const penumbraCos = this.penumbraCosNode;

		// compute the fragment's position in the light's clip space

		const spotLightCoord = lightShadowMatrix( this.light ).mul( builder.context.positionWorld || positionWorld );

		// the sign of w determines whether the current fragment is in front or behind the light.
		// to avoid a back-projection, it's important to only compute an attenuation if w is positive

		If( spotLightCoord.w.greaterThan( 0 ), () => {

			const projectionUV = spotLightCoord.xyz.div( spotLightCoord.w );
			const boxDist = sdBox( projectionUV.xy.sub( vec2( 0.5 ) ), vec2( 0.5 ) );
			const angleFactor = div( -1, sub( 1.0, acos( penumbraCos ) ).sub( 1.0 ) );
			attenuation.assign( saturate( boxDist.mul( -2 ).mul( angleFactor ) ) );

		} );

		return attenuation;

	}

}

const _matrix41 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
const _matrix42 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();

let _ltcLib = null;

/**
 * Module for representing rect area lights as nodes.
 *
 * @augments AnalyticLightNode
 */
class RectAreaLightNode extends AnalyticLightNode {

	static get type() {

		return 'RectAreaLightNode';

	}

	/**
	 * Constructs a new rect area light node.
	 *
	 * @param {?RectAreaLight} [light=null] - The rect area light source.
	 */
	constructor( light = null ) {

		super( light );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the half height of the are light.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<vec3>}
		 */
		this.halfHeight = uniform( new Vector3() ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * Uniform node representing the half width of the are light.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformNode<vec3>}
		 */
		this.halfWidth = uniform( new Vector3() ).setGroup( renderGroup );

		/**
		 * The `updateType` is set to `NodeUpdateType.RENDER` since the light
		 * relies on `viewMatrix` which might vary per render call.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'render'
		 */
		this.updateType = NodeUpdateType.RENDER;

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten to updated rect area light specific uniforms.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeFrame} frame - A reference to the current node frame.
	 */
	update( frame ) {

		super.update( frame );

		const { light } = this;

		const viewMatrix = frame.camera.matrixWorldInverse;

		_matrix42.identity();
		_matrix41.copy( light.matrixWorld );
		_matrix41.premultiply( viewMatrix );
		_matrix42.extractRotation( _matrix41 );

		this.halfWidth.value.set( light.width * 0.5, 0.0, 0.0 );
		this.halfHeight.value.set( 0.0, light.height * 0.5, 0.0 );

		this.halfWidth.value.applyMatrix4( _matrix42 );
		this.halfHeight.value.applyMatrix4( _matrix42 );

	}

	setupDirectRectArea( builder ) {

		let ltc_1, ltc_2;

		if ( builder.isAvailable( 'float32Filterable' ) ) {

			ltc_1 = texture( _ltcLib.LTC_FLOAT_1 );
			ltc_2 = texture( _ltcLib.LTC_FLOAT_2 );

		} else {

			ltc_1 = texture( _ltcLib.LTC_HALF_1 );
			ltc_2 = texture( _ltcLib.LTC_HALF_2 );

		}

		const { colorNode, light } = this;

		const lightPosition = lightViewPosition( light );

		return {
			lightColor: colorNode,
			lightPosition,
			halfWidth: this.halfWidth,
			halfHeight: this.halfHeight,
			ltc_1,
			ltc_2
		};

	}

	/**
	 * Used to configure the internal BRDF approximation texture data.
	 *
	 * @param {RectAreaLightTexturesLib} ltc - The BRDF approximation texture data.
	 */
	static setLTC( ltc ) {

		_ltcLib = ltc;

	}

}

/**
 * Base class for node parsers. A derived parser must be implemented
 * for each supported native shader language.
 */
class NodeParser {

	/**
	 * The method parses the given native code an returns a node function.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} source - The native shader code.
	 * @return {NodeFunction} A node function.
	 */
	parseFunction( /*source*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

}

/**
 * Base class for node functions. A derived module must be implemented
 * for each supported native shader language. Similar to other `Node*` modules,
 * this class is only relevant during the building process and not used
 * in user-level code.
 */
class NodeFunction {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node function.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The node type. This type is the return type of the node function.
	 * @param {Array<NodeFunctionInput>} inputs - The function's inputs.
	 * @param {string} [name=''] - The function's name.
	 * @param {string} [precision=''] - The precision qualifier.
	 */
	constructor( type, inputs, name = '', precision = '' ) {

		/**
		 * The node type. This type is the return type of the node function.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.type = type;

		/**
		 * The function's inputs.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<NodeFunctionInput>}
		 */
		this.inputs = inputs;

		/**
		 * The name of the uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * The precision qualifier.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.precision = precision;

	}

	/**
	 * This method returns the native code of the node function.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} name - The function's name.
	 * @return {string} A shader code.
	 */
	getCode( /*name = this.name*/ ) {

		warn( 'Abstract function.' );

	}

}

NodeFunction.isNodeFunction = true;

const declarationRegexp$1 = /^\s*(highp|mediump|lowp)?\s*([a-z_0-9]+)\s*([a-z_0-9]+)?\s*\(([\s\S]*?)\)/i;
const propertiesRegexp$1 = /[a-z_0-9]+/ig;

const pragmaMain = '#pragma main';

const parse$1 = ( source ) => {

	source = source.trim();

	const pragmaMainIndex = source.indexOf( pragmaMain );

	const mainCode = pragmaMainIndex !== -1 ? source.slice( pragmaMainIndex + pragmaMain.length ) : source;

	const declaration = mainCode.match( declarationRegexp$1 );

	if ( declaration !== null && declaration.length === 5 ) {

		// tokenizer

		const inputsCode = declaration[ 4 ];
		const propsMatches = [];

		let nameMatch = null;

		while ( ( nameMatch = propertiesRegexp$1.exec( inputsCode ) ) !== null ) {

			propsMatches.push( nameMatch );

		}

		// parser

		const inputs = [];

		let i = 0;

		while ( i < propsMatches.length ) {

			const isConst = propsMatches[ i ][ 0 ] === 'const';

			if ( isConst === true ) {

				i ++;

			}

			let qualifier = propsMatches[ i ][ 0 ];

			if ( qualifier === 'in' || qualifier === 'out' || qualifier === 'inout' ) {

				i ++;

			} else {

				qualifier = '';

			}

			const type = propsMatches[ i ++ ][ 0 ];

			let count = Number.parseInt( propsMatches[ i ][ 0 ] );

			if ( Number.isNaN( count ) === false ) i ++;
			else count = null;

			const name = propsMatches[ i ++ ][ 0 ];

			inputs.push( new NodeFunctionInput( type, name, count, qualifier, isConst ) );

		}

		//

		const blockCode = mainCode.substring( declaration[ 0 ].length );

		const name = declaration[ 3 ] !== undefined ? declaration[ 3 ] : '';
		const type = declaration[ 2 ];

		const precision = declaration[ 1 ] !== undefined ? declaration[ 1 ] : '';

		const headerCode = pragmaMainIndex !== -1 ? source.slice( 0, pragmaMainIndex ) : '';

		return {
			type,
			inputs,
			name,
			precision,
			inputsCode,
			blockCode,
			headerCode
		};

	} else {

		throw new Error( 'THREE.FunctionNode: Function is not a GLSL code.' );

	}

};

/**
 * This class represents a GLSL node function.
 *
 * @augments NodeFunction
 */
class GLSLNodeFunction extends NodeFunction {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new GLSL node function.
	 *
	 * @param {string} source - The GLSL source.
	 */
	constructor( source ) {

		const { type, inputs, name, precision, inputsCode, blockCode, headerCode } = parse$1( source );

		super( type, inputs, name, precision );

		this.inputsCode = inputsCode;
		this.blockCode = blockCode;
		this.headerCode = headerCode;

	}

	/**
	 * This method returns the GLSL code of the node function.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [name=this.name] - The function's name.
	 * @return {string} The shader code.
	 */
	getCode( name = this.name ) {

		let code;

		const blockCode = this.blockCode;

		if ( blockCode !== '' ) {

			const { type, inputsCode, headerCode, precision } = this;

			let declarationCode = `${ type } ${ name } ( ${ inputsCode.trim() } )`;

			if ( precision !== '' ) {

				declarationCode = `${ precision } ${ declarationCode }`;

			}

			code = headerCode + declarationCode + blockCode;

		} else {

			// interface function

			code = '';

		}

		return code;

	}

}

/**
 * A GLSL node parser.
 *
 * @augments NodeParser
 */
class GLSLNodeParser extends NodeParser {

	/**
	 * The method parses the given GLSL code an returns a node function.
	 *
	 * @param {string} source - The GLSL code.
	 * @return {GLSLNodeFunction} A node function.
	 */
	parseFunction( source ) {

		return new GLSLNodeFunction( source );

	}

}

const _chainKeys$1 = [];
const _cacheKeyValues = [];

// Dedicated uniform for output pass array layer selection
// This is separate from cameraIndex to avoid the sharedUniformGroup complexity
const _outputLayerIndex = /*@__PURE__*/ uniform( 0, 'int' ).setGroup( renderGroup );

/**
 * This renderer module manages node-related objects and is the
 * primary interface between the renderer and the node system.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments DataMap
 */
class NodeManager extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new nodes management component.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {Backend} backend - The renderer's backend.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, backend ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * The renderer's backend.
		 *
		 * @type {Backend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * The node frame.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.nodeFrame = new NodeFrame();

		/**
		 * A cache for managing node builder states.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<number,NodeBuilderState>}
		 */
		this.nodeBuilderCache = new Map();

		/**
		 * A cache for managing data cache key data.
		 *
		 * @type {ChainMap}
		 */
		this.callHashCache = new ChainMap();

		/**
		 * A cache for managing node uniforms group data.
		 *
		 * @type {ChainMap}
		 */
		this.groupsData = new ChainMap();

		/**
		 * Queue for pending async builds to limit concurrent compilation.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<Function>}
		 */
		this._buildQueue = [];

		/**
		 * Whether an async build is currently in progress.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this._buildInProgress = false;

		/**
		 * A cache for managing node objects of
		 * scene properties like fog or environments.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,WeakMap>}
		 */
		this.cacheLib = {};

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given node uniforms group must be updated or not.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeUniformsGroup} nodeUniformsGroup - The node uniforms group.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the node uniforms group requires an update or not.
	 */
	updateGroup( nodeUniformsGroup ) {

		const groupNode = nodeUniformsGroup.groupNode;

		// groups that are updated per object always require an update so no further checks are needed

		if ( groupNode.updateType === NodeUpdateType.OBJECT ) return true;

		// check for update

		_chainKeys$1[ 0 ] = groupNode;
		_chainKeys$1[ 1 ] = nodeUniformsGroup;

		let groupData = this.groupsData.get( _chainKeys$1 );
		if ( groupData === undefined ) this.groupsData.set( _chainKeys$1, groupData = {} );

		_chainKeys$1[ 0 ] = null;
		_chainKeys$1[ 1 ] = null;

		if ( groupData.version !== groupNode.version ) {

			groupData.version = groupNode.version;

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the cache key for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {number} The cache key.
	 */
	getForRenderCacheKey( renderObject ) {

		return renderObject.initialCacheKey;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a node builder configured for the given render object and material.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Material} material - The material to use.
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} The configured node builder.
	 */
	_createNodeBuilder( renderObject, material ) {

		const nodeBuilder = this.backend.createNodeBuilder( renderObject.object, this.renderer );
		nodeBuilder.scene = renderObject.scene;
		nodeBuilder.material = material;
		nodeBuilder.camera = renderObject.camera;
		nodeBuilder.context.material = material;
		nodeBuilder.lightsNode = renderObject.lightsNode;
		nodeBuilder.environmentNode = this.getEnvironmentNode( renderObject.scene );
		nodeBuilder.fogNode = this.getFogNode( renderObject.scene );
		nodeBuilder.clippingContext = renderObject.clippingContext;

		if ( this.renderer.getOutputRenderTarget() ? this.renderer.getOutputRenderTarget().multiview : false ) {

			nodeBuilder.enableMultiview();

		}

		return nodeBuilder;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node builder state for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {boolean} [useAsync=false] - Whether to use async build with yielding.
	 * @return {NodeBuilderState|Promise<NodeBuilderState>} The node builder state (or Promise if async).
	 */
	getForRender( renderObject, useAsync = false ) {

		const renderObjectData = this.get( renderObject );

		let nodeBuilderState = renderObjectData.nodeBuilderState;

		if ( nodeBuilderState === undefined ) {

			const { nodeBuilderCache } = this;

			const cacheKey = this.getForRenderCacheKey( renderObject );

			nodeBuilderState = nodeBuilderCache.get( cacheKey );

			if ( nodeBuilderState === undefined ) {

				const buildNodeBuilder = async () => {

					let nodeBuilder = this._createNodeBuilder( renderObject, renderObject.material );

					try {

						if ( useAsync ) {

							await nodeBuilder.buildAsync();

						} else {

							nodeBuilder.build();

						}

					} catch ( e ) {

						nodeBuilder = this._createNodeBuilder( renderObject, new NodeMaterial() );

						if ( useAsync ) {

							await nodeBuilder.buildAsync();

						} else {

							nodeBuilder.build();

						}

						error( 'TSL: ' + e );

					}

					return nodeBuilder;

				};

				if ( useAsync ) {

					return buildNodeBuilder().then( ( nodeBuilder ) => {

						nodeBuilderState = this._createNodeBuilderState( nodeBuilder );
						nodeBuilderCache.set( cacheKey, nodeBuilderState );
						nodeBuilderState.usedTimes ++;
						renderObjectData.nodeBuilderState = nodeBuilderState;

						return nodeBuilderState;

					} );

				} else {

					// Synchronous path - call buildNodeBuilder but don't await
					let nodeBuilder = this._createNodeBuilder( renderObject, renderObject.material );

					try {

						nodeBuilder.build();

					} catch ( e ) {

						nodeBuilder = this._createNodeBuilder( renderObject, new NodeMaterial() );
						nodeBuilder.build();

						let stackTrace = e.stackTrace;

						if ( ! stackTrace && e.stack ) {

							// Capture stack trace for JavaScript errors

							stackTrace = new StackTrace( e.stack );

						}

						error( 'TSL: ' + e, stackTrace );

					}

					nodeBuilderState = this._createNodeBuilderState( nodeBuilder );

					nodeBuilderCache.set( cacheKey, nodeBuilderState );

				}

			}

			nodeBuilderState.usedTimes ++;

			renderObjectData.nodeBuilderState = nodeBuilderState;

		}

		return nodeBuilderState;

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of getForRender() that yields to main thread during build.
	 * Use this in compileAsync() to prevent blocking the main thread.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {Promise<NodeBuilderState>} A promise that resolves to the node builder state.
	 */
	getForRenderAsync( renderObject ) {

		const result = this.getForRender( renderObject, true );

		// Ensure we always return a Promise (cache hit returns nodeBuilderState directly)
		if ( result.then ) {

			return result;

		}

		return Promise.resolve( result );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns nodeBuilderState if ready, null if pending async build.
	 * Queues async build on first call for cache miss.
	 * Use this in render() path to enable non-blocking compilation.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {?NodeBuilderState} The node builder state, or null if still building.
	 */
	getForRenderDeferred( renderObject ) {

		const renderObjectData = this.get( renderObject );

		// Already built for this renderObject
		if ( renderObjectData.nodeBuilderState !== undefined ) {

			return renderObjectData.nodeBuilderState;

		}

		// Check cache with stable key
		const cacheKey = this.getForRenderCacheKey( renderObject );
		const nodeBuilderState = this.nodeBuilderCache.get( cacheKey );

		if ( nodeBuilderState !== undefined ) {

			// Cache hit - use it
			nodeBuilderState.usedTimes ++;
			renderObjectData.nodeBuilderState = nodeBuilderState;
			return nodeBuilderState;

		}

		// Cache miss - check if async build already queued
		if ( renderObjectData.pendingBuild !== true ) {

			// Mark as pending and add to build queue
			renderObjectData.pendingBuild = true;

			this._buildQueue.push( () => {

				return this.getForRenderAsync( renderObject ).then( () => {

					renderObjectData.pendingBuild = false;

				} );

			} );

			// Start processing queue if not already running
			this._processBuildQueue();

		}

		return null; // Not ready

	}

	/**
	 * Processes the build queue one item at a time.
	 * This ensures builds don't all run simultaneously and freeze the main thread.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_processBuildQueue() {

		if ( this._buildInProgress || this._buildQueue.length === 0 ) {

			return;

		}

		this._buildInProgress = true;

		const buildFn = this._buildQueue.shift();

		buildFn().then( () => {

			this._buildInProgress = false;

			// Process next item in queue
			this._processBuildQueue();

		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the given object from the internal data map
	 *
	 * @param {any} object - The object to delete.
	 * @return {?Object} The deleted dictionary.
	 */
	delete( object ) {

		if ( object.isRenderObject ) {

			const nodeBuilderState = this.get( object ).nodeBuilderState;

			if ( nodeBuilderState !== undefined ) {

				nodeBuilderState.usedTimes --;

				if ( nodeBuilderState.usedTimes === 0 ) {

					this.nodeBuilderCache.delete( this.getForRenderCacheKey( object ) );

				}

			}

		}

		return super.delete( object );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node builder state for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @return {NodeBuilderState} The node builder state.
	 */
	getForCompute( computeNode ) {

		const computeData = this.get( computeNode );

		let nodeBuilderState = computeData.nodeBuilderState;

		if ( nodeBuilderState === undefined || computeData.version !== computeNode.version ) {

			const nodeBuilder = this.backend.createNodeBuilder( computeNode, this.renderer );
			nodeBuilder.build();

			nodeBuilderState = this._createNodeBuilderState( nodeBuilder );

			computeData.nodeBuilderState = nodeBuilderState;
			computeData.version = computeNode.version;

		}

		return nodeBuilderState;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a node builder state for the given node builder.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {NodeBuilder} nodeBuilder - The node builder.
	 * @return {NodeBuilderState} The node builder state.
	 */
	_createNodeBuilderState( nodeBuilder ) {

		return new NodeBuilderState(
			nodeBuilder.vertexShader,
			nodeBuilder.fragmentShader,
			nodeBuilder.computeShader,
			nodeBuilder.getAttributesArray(),
			nodeBuilder.getBindings(),
			nodeBuilder.updateNodes,
			nodeBuilder.updateBeforeNodes,
			nodeBuilder.updateAfterNodes,
			nodeBuilder.observer,
			nodeBuilder.hardwareClipping,
			nodeBuilder.transforms
		);

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an environment node for the current configured
	 * scene environment.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @return {Node} A node representing the current scene environment.
	 */
	getEnvironmentNode( scene ) {

		if ( this.renderer.lighting.enabled === false ) return null;

		this.updateEnvironment( scene );

		let environmentNode = null;

		if ( scene.environmentNode && scene.environmentNode.isNode ) {

			environmentNode = scene.environmentNode;

		} else {

			const sceneData = this.get( scene );

			if ( sceneData.environmentNode ) {

				environmentNode = sceneData.environmentNode;

			}

		}

		return environmentNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a background node for the current configured
	 * scene background.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @return {Node} A node representing the current scene background.
	 */
	getBackgroundNode( scene ) {

		this.updateBackground( scene );

		let backgroundNode = null;

		if ( scene.backgroundNode && scene.backgroundNode.isNode ) {

			backgroundNode = scene.backgroundNode;

		} else {

			const sceneData = this.get( scene );

			if ( sceneData.backgroundNode ) {

				backgroundNode = sceneData.backgroundNode;

			}

		}

		return backgroundNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a fog node for the current configured scene fog.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @return {Node} A node representing the current scene fog.
	 */
	getFogNode( scene ) {

		this.updateFog( scene );

		return scene.fogNode || this.get( scene ).fogNode || null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a cache key for the given scene and lights node.
	 * This key is used by `RenderObject` as a part of the dynamic
	 * cache key (a key that must be checked every time the render
	 * objects is drawn).
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The lights node.
	 * @return {number} The cache key.
	 */
	getCacheKey( scene, lightsNode ) {

		_chainKeys$1[ 0 ] = scene;
		_chainKeys$1[ 1 ] = lightsNode;

		const callId = this.renderer.info.calls;

		const cacheKeyData = this.callHashCache.get( _chainKeys$1 ) || {};

		if ( cacheKeyData.callId !== callId ) {

			_cacheKeyValues.push( this.renderer.getOutputRenderTarget() && this.renderer.getOutputRenderTarget().multiview ? 1 : 0 );
			_cacheKeyValues.push( this.renderer.lighting.enabled ? 1 : 0 );

			if ( this.renderer.lighting.enabled ) {

				_cacheKeyValues.push( lightsNode.getCacheKey( true ) );

				_cacheKeyValues.push( this.renderer.shadowMap.enabled ? 1 : 0 );
				_cacheKeyValues.push( this.renderer.shadowMap.type );

				const environmentNode = this.getEnvironmentNode( scene );
				if ( environmentNode ) _cacheKeyValues.push( environmentNode.getCacheKey() );

			}

			const fogNode = this.getFogNode( scene );
			if ( fogNode ) _cacheKeyValues.push( fogNode.getCacheKey() );

			cacheKeyData.callId = callId;
			cacheKeyData.cacheKey = hashArray( _cacheKeyValues );

			this.callHashCache.set( _chainKeys$1, cacheKeyData );

			_cacheKeyValues.length = 0;

		}

		_chainKeys$1[ 0 ] = null;
		_chainKeys$1[ 1 ] = null;

		return cacheKeyData.cacheKey;

	}

	/**
	 * A boolean that indicates whether tone mapping should be enabled
	 * or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 */
	get isToneMappingState() {

		return this.renderer.getRenderTarget() ? false : true;

	}

	/**
	 * If a scene background is configured, this method makes sure to
	 * represent the background with a corresponding node-based implementation.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 */
	updateBackground( scene ) {

		const sceneData = this.get( scene );
		const background = scene.background;

		if ( background ) {

			const forceUpdate = ( scene.backgroundBlurriness === 0 && sceneData.backgroundBlurriness > 0 ) || ( scene.backgroundBlurriness > 0 && sceneData.backgroundBlurriness === 0 );

			if ( sceneData.background !== background || forceUpdate ) {

				const backgroundNode = this.getCacheNode( 'background', background, () => {

					if ( background.isCubeTexture === true || ( background.mapping === EquirectangularReflectionMapping || background.mapping === EquirectangularRefractionMapping || background.mapping === CubeUVReflectionMapping ) ) {

						if ( scene.backgroundBlurriness > 0 || background.mapping === CubeUVReflectionMapping ) {

							return pmremTexture( background );

						} else {

							let envMap;

							if ( background.isCubeTexture === true ) {

								envMap = cubeTexture( background );

							} else {

								envMap = texture( background );

							}

							return cubeMapNode( envMap );

						}

					} else if ( background.isTexture === true ) {

						return texture( background, screenUV.flipY() ).setUpdateMatrix( true );

					} else if ( background.isColor !== true ) {

						error( 'WebGPUNodes: Unsupported background configuration.', background );

					}

				}, forceUpdate );

				sceneData.backgroundNode = backgroundNode;
				sceneData.background = background;
				sceneData.backgroundBlurriness = scene.backgroundBlurriness;

			}

		} else if ( sceneData.backgroundNode ) {

			delete sceneData.backgroundNode;
			delete sceneData.background;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is part of the caching of nodes which are used to represents the
	 * scene's background, fog or environment.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type of object to cache.
	 * @param {Object} object - The object.
	 * @param {Function} callback - A callback that produces a node representation for the given object.
	 * @param {boolean} [forceUpdate=false] - Whether an update should be enforced or not.
	 * @return {Node} The node representation.
	 */
	getCacheNode( type, object, callback, forceUpdate = false ) {

		const nodeCache = this.cacheLib[ type ] || ( this.cacheLib[ type ] = new WeakMap() );

		let node = nodeCache.get( object );

		if ( node === undefined || forceUpdate ) {

			node = callback();
			nodeCache.set( object, node );

		}

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * If a scene fog is configured, this method makes sure to
	 * represent the fog with a corresponding node-based implementation.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 */
	updateFog( scene ) {

		const sceneData = this.get( scene );
		const sceneFog = scene.fog;

		if ( sceneFog ) {

			if ( sceneData.fog !== sceneFog ) {

				const fogNode = this.getCacheNode( 'fog', sceneFog, () => {

					if ( sceneFog.isFogExp2 ) {

						const color = reference( 'color', 'color', sceneFog ).setGroup( renderGroup );
						const density = reference( 'density', 'float', sceneFog ).setGroup( renderGroup );

						return fog( color, densityFogFactor( density ) );

					} else if ( sceneFog.isFog ) {

						const color = reference( 'color', 'color', sceneFog ).setGroup( renderGroup );
						const near = reference( 'near', 'float', sceneFog ).setGroup( renderGroup );
						const far = reference( 'far', 'float', sceneFog ).setGroup( renderGroup );

						return fog( color, rangeFogFactor( near, far ) );

					} else {

						error( 'Renderer: Unsupported fog configuration.', sceneFog );

					}

				} );

				sceneData.fogNode = fogNode;
				sceneData.fog = sceneFog;

			}

		} else {

			delete sceneData.fogNode;
			delete sceneData.fog;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * If a scene environment is configured, this method makes sure to
	 * represent the environment with a corresponding node-based implementation.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 */
	updateEnvironment( scene ) {

		const sceneData = this.get( scene );
		const environment = scene.environment;

		if ( environment ) {

			if ( sceneData.environment !== environment ) {

				const environmentNode = this.getCacheNode( 'environment', environment, () => {

					if ( environment.isCubeTexture === true ) {

						return cubeTexture( environment );

					} else if ( environment.isTexture === true ) {

						return texture( environment );

					} else {

						error( 'Nodes: Unsupported environment configuration.', environment );

					}

				} );

				sceneData.environmentNode = environmentNode;
				sceneData.environment = environment;

			}

		} else if ( sceneData.environmentNode ) {

			delete sceneData.environmentNode;
			delete sceneData.environment;

		}

	}

	getNodeFrame( renderer = this.renderer, scene = null, object = null, camera = null, material = null ) {

		const nodeFrame = this.nodeFrame;
		nodeFrame.renderer = renderer;
		nodeFrame.scene = scene;
		nodeFrame.object = object;
		nodeFrame.camera = camera;
		nodeFrame.material = material;

		return nodeFrame;

	}

	getNodeFrameForRender( renderObject ) {

		return this.getNodeFrame( renderObject.renderer, renderObject.scene, renderObject.object, renderObject.camera, renderObject.material );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current output cache key.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The output cache key.
	 */
	getOutputCacheKey() {

		const renderer = this.renderer;

		return renderer.toneMapping + ',' + renderer.currentColorSpace + ',' + renderer.xr.isPresenting;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node that represents the output configuration (tone mapping and
	 * color space) for the current target.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} outputTarget - The output target.
	 * @return {Node} The output node.
	 */
	getOutputNode( outputTarget ) {

		const renderer = this.renderer;

		let output;

		if ( outputTarget.isArrayTexture ) {

			if ( this.backend.isWebGLBackend ) {

				output = texture( outputTarget, screenUV ).depth( builtin( 'gl_ViewID_OVR' ) ).renderOutput( renderer.toneMapping, renderer.currentColorSpace );

			} else {

				output = texture( outputTarget, screenUV ).depth( _outputLayerIndex ).renderOutput( renderer.toneMapping, renderer.currentColorSpace );

			}

		} else {

			output = texture( outputTarget, screenUV ).renderOutput( renderer.toneMapping, renderer.currentColorSpace );

		}

		return output;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the output layer index for array texture output pass.
	 * This should be called before each layer render during the output pass.
	 *
	 * @param {number} index - The layer index.
	 */
	setOutputLayerIndex( index ) {

		_outputLayerIndex.value = index;

	}

	/**
	 * Triggers the call of `updateBefore()` methods
	 * for all nodes of the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	updateBefore( renderObject ) {

		const nodeBuilder = renderObject.getNodeBuilderState();

		for ( const node of nodeBuilder.updateBeforeNodes ) {

			// update frame state for each node

			this.getNodeFrameForRender( renderObject ).updateBeforeNode( node );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Triggers the call of `updateAfter()` methods
	 * for all nodes of the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	updateAfter( renderObject ) {

		const nodeBuilder = renderObject.getNodeBuilderState();

		for ( const node of nodeBuilder.updateAfterNodes ) {

			// update frame state for each node

			this.getNodeFrameForRender( renderObject ).updateAfterNode( node );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Triggers the call of `update()` methods
	 * for all nodes of the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 */
	updateForCompute( computeNode ) {

		const nodeFrame = this.getNodeFrame();
		const nodeBuilder = this.getForCompute( computeNode );

		for ( const node of nodeBuilder.updateNodes ) {

			nodeFrame.updateNode( node );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Triggers the call of `update()` methods
	 * for all nodes of the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 */
	updateForRender( renderObject ) {

		const nodeFrame = this.getNodeFrameForRender( renderObject );
		const nodeBuilder = renderObject.getNodeBuilderState();

		for ( const node of nodeBuilder.updateNodes ) {

			nodeFrame.updateNode( node );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given render object requires a refresh.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given render object requires a refresh or not.
	 */
	needsRefresh( renderObject ) {

		const nodeFrame = this.getNodeFrameForRender( renderObject );
		const monitor = renderObject.getMonitor();

		return monitor.needsRefresh( renderObject, nodeFrame );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees the internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		super.dispose();

		this.nodeFrame = new NodeFrame();
		this.nodeBuilderCache = new Map();
		this.cacheLib = {};

	}

}

const _plane = /*@__PURE__*/ new Plane();

/**
 * Represents the state that is used to perform clipping via clipping planes.
 * There is a default clipping context for each render context. When the
 * scene holds instances of `ClippingGroup`, there will be a context for each
 * group.
 *
 * @private
 */
class ClippingContext {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new clipping context.
	 *
	 * @param {?ClippingContext} [parentContext=null] - A reference to the parent clipping context.
	 */
	constructor( parentContext = null ) {

		/**
		 * The clipping context's version.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.version = 0;

		/**
		 * Whether the intersection of the clipping planes is used to clip objects, rather than their union.
		 *
		 * @type {?boolean}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.clipIntersection = null;

		/**
		 * The clipping context's cache key.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.cacheKey = '';

		/**
		 * Whether the shadow pass is active or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.shadowPass = false;

		/**
		 * The view matrix.
		 *
		 * @type {Matrix4}
		 */
		this.viewMatrix = new Matrix4();

		/**
		 * The view normal matrix.
		 *
		 * @type {Matrix3}
		 */
		this.viewNormalMatrix = new Matrix3();

		/**
		 * Internal cache for maintaining clipping contexts.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<ClippingGroup,ClippingContext>}
		 */
		this.clippingGroupContexts = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * The intersection planes.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Vector4>}
		 */
		this.intersectionPlanes = [];

		/**
		 * The intersection planes.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Vector4>}
		 */
		this.unionPlanes = [];

		/**
		 * The version of the clipping context's parent context.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.parentVersion = null;

		if ( parentContext !== null ) {

			this.viewMatrix = parentContext.viewMatrix;
			this.viewNormalMatrix = parentContext.viewNormalMatrix;
			this.clippingGroupContexts = parentContext.clippingGroupContexts;

			this.shadowPass = parentContext.shadowPass;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Projects the given source clipping planes and writes the result into the
	 * destination array.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Plane>} source - The source clipping planes.
	 * @param {Array<Vector4>} destination - The destination.
	 * @param {number} offset - The offset.
	 */
	projectPlanes( source, destination, offset ) {

		const l = source.length;

		for ( let i = 0; i < l; i ++ ) {

			_plane.copy( source[ i ] ).applyMatrix4( this.viewMatrix, this.viewNormalMatrix );

			const v = destination[ offset + i ];
			const normal = _plane.normal;

			v.x = - normal.x;
			v.y = - normal.y;
			v.z = - normal.z;
			v.w = _plane.constant;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the root clipping context of a scene.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera that is used to render the scene.
	 */
	updateGlobal( scene, camera ) {

		this.shadowPass = ( scene.overrideMaterial !== null && scene.overrideMaterial.isShadowPassMaterial );

		this.viewMatrix.copy( camera.matrixWorldInverse );
		this.viewNormalMatrix.getNormalMatrix( this.viewMatrix );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the clipping context.
	 *
	 * @param {ClippingContext} parentContext - The parent context.
	 * @param {ClippingGroup} clippingGroup - The clipping group this context belongs to.
	 */
	update( parentContext, clippingGroup ) {

		let update = false;

		if ( parentContext.version !== this.parentVersion ) {

			this.intersectionPlanes = Array.from( parentContext.intersectionPlanes );
			this.unionPlanes = Array.from( parentContext.unionPlanes );
			this.parentVersion = parentContext.version;

		}

		if ( this.clipIntersection !== clippingGroup.clipIntersection ) {

			this.clipIntersection = clippingGroup.clipIntersection;

			if ( this.clipIntersection ) {

				this.unionPlanes.length = parentContext.unionPlanes.length;

			} else {

				this.intersectionPlanes.length = parentContext.intersectionPlanes.length;

			}

		}

		const srcClippingPlanes = clippingGroup.clippingPlanes;
		const l = srcClippingPlanes.length;

		let dstClippingPlanes;
		let offset;

		if ( this.clipIntersection ) {

			dstClippingPlanes = this.intersectionPlanes;
			offset = parentContext.intersectionPlanes.length;

		} else {

			dstClippingPlanes = this.unionPlanes;
			offset = parentContext.unionPlanes.length;

		}

		if ( dstClippingPlanes.length !== offset + l ) {

			dstClippingPlanes.length = offset + l;

			for ( let i = 0; i < l; i ++ ) {

				dstClippingPlanes[ offset + i ] = new Vector4();

			}

			update = true;

		}

		this.projectPlanes( srcClippingPlanes, dstClippingPlanes, offset );

		if ( update ) {

			this.version ++;
			this.cacheKey = `${ this.intersectionPlanes.length }:${ this.unionPlanes.length }`;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a clipping context for the given clipping group.
	 *
	 * @param {ClippingGroup} clippingGroup - The clipping group.
	 * @return {ClippingContext} The clipping context.
	 */
	getGroupContext( clippingGroup ) {

		if ( this.shadowPass && ! clippingGroup.clipShadows ) return this;

		let context = this.clippingGroupContexts.get( clippingGroup );

		if ( context === undefined ) {

			context = new ClippingContext( this );
			this.clippingGroupContexts.set( clippingGroup, context );

		}

		context.update( this, clippingGroup );

		return context;

	}

	/**
	 * The count of union clipping planes.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get unionClippingCount() {

		return this.unionPlanes.length;

	}

}

/**
 * This module is used to represent render bundles inside the renderer
 * for further processing.
 *
 * @private
 */
class RenderBundle {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new bundle group.
	 *
	 * @param {BundleGroup} bundleGroup - The bundle group.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the bundle group is rendered with.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context the bundle is rendered with.
	 */
	constructor( bundleGroup, camera, renderContext ) {

		this.bundleGroup = bundleGroup;
		this.camera = camera;
		this.renderContext = renderContext;

	}

}

const _chainKeys = [];

/**
 * This renderer module manages render bundles.
 *
 * @private
 */
class RenderBundles {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render bundle management component.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * A chain map for maintaining the render bundles.
		 *
		 * @type {ChainMap}
		 */
		this.bundles = new ChainMap();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render bundle for the given bundle group and camera.
	 *
	 * @param {BundleGroup} bundleGroup - The bundle group.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the bundle group is rendered with.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context the bundle is rendered with.
	 * @return {RenderBundle} The render bundle.
	 */
	get( bundleGroup, camera, renderContext ) {

		const bundles = this.bundles;

		_chainKeys[ 0 ] = bundleGroup;
		_chainKeys[ 1 ] = camera;
		_chainKeys[ 2 ] = renderContext;

		let bundle = bundles.get( _chainKeys );

		if ( bundle === undefined ) {

			bundle = new RenderBundle( bundleGroup, camera, renderContext );
			bundles.set( _chainKeys, bundle );

		}

		_chainKeys[ 0 ] = null;
		_chainKeys[ 1 ] = null;
		_chainKeys[ 2 ] = null;

		return bundle;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees all internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.bundles = new ChainMap();

	}

}

/**
 * The purpose of a node library is to assign node implementations
 * to existing library features. In `WebGPURenderer` lights, materials
 * which are not based on `NodeMaterial` as well as tone mapping techniques
 * are implemented with node-based modules.
 *
 * @private
 */
class NodeLibrary {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node library.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * A weak map that maps lights to light nodes.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Light.constructor,AnalyticLightNode.constructor>}
		 */
		this.lightNodes = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * A map that maps materials to node materials.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<string,NodeMaterial.constructor>}
		 */
		this.materialNodes = new Map();

		/**
		 * A map that maps tone mapping techniques (constants)
		 * to tone mapping node functions.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<number,Function>}
		 */
		this.toneMappingNodes = new Map();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a matching node material instance for the given material object.
	 *
	 * This method also assigns/copies the properties of the given material object
	 * to the node material. This is done to make sure the current material
	 * configuration carries over to the node version.
	 *
	 * @param {Material} material - A material.
	 * @return {NodeMaterial} The corresponding node material.
	 */
	fromMaterial( material ) {

		if ( material.isNodeMaterial ) return material;

		let nodeMaterial = null;

		const nodeMaterialClass = this.getMaterialNodeClass( material.type );

		if ( nodeMaterialClass !== null ) {

			nodeMaterial = new nodeMaterialClass();

			for ( const key in material ) {

				nodeMaterial[ key ] = material[ key ];

			}

		}

		return nodeMaterial;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a tone mapping node function for a tone mapping technique (constant).
	 *
	 * @param {Function} toneMappingNode - The tone mapping node function.
	 * @param {number} toneMapping - The tone mapping.
	 */
	addToneMapping( toneMappingNode, toneMapping ) {

		this.addType( toneMappingNode, toneMapping, this.toneMappingNodes );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a tone mapping node function for a tone mapping technique (constant).
	 *
	 * @param {number} toneMapping - The tone mapping.
	 * @return {?Function} The tone mapping node function. Returns `null` if no node function is found.
	 */
	getToneMappingFunction( toneMapping ) {

		return this.toneMappingNodes.get( toneMapping ) || null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a node material class definition for a material type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} materialType - The material type.
	 * @return {?NodeMaterial.constructor} The node material class definition. Returns `null` if no node material is found.
	 */
	getMaterialNodeClass( materialType ) {

		return this.materialNodes.get( materialType ) || null;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a node material class definition for a given material type.
	 *
	 * @param {NodeMaterial.constructor} materialNodeClass - The node material class definition.
	 * @param {string} materialClassType - The material type.
	 */
	addMaterial( materialNodeClass, materialClassType ) {

		this.addType( materialNodeClass, materialClassType, this.materialNodes );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a light node class definition for a light class definition.
	 *
	 * @param {Light.constructor} light - The light class definition.
	 * @return {?AnalyticLightNode.constructor} The light node class definition. Returns `null` if no light node is found.
	 */
	getLightNodeClass( light ) {

		return this.lightNodes.get( light ) || null;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a light node class definition for a given light class definition.
	 *
	 * @param {AnalyticLightNode.constructor} lightNodeClass - The light node class definition.
	 * @param {Light.constructor} lightClass - The light class definition.
	 */
	addLight( lightNodeClass, lightClass ) {

		this.addClass( lightNodeClass, lightClass, this.lightNodes );

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a node class definition for the given type to the provided type library.
	 *
	 * @param {Node.constructor} nodeClass - The node class definition.
	 * @param {number|string} type - The object type.
	 * @param {Map<number|string,Node.constructor>} library - The type library.
	 */
	addType( nodeClass, type, library ) {

		if ( library.has( type ) ) {

			warn( `Redefinition of node ${ type }` );
			return;

		}

		if ( typeof nodeClass !== 'function' ) throw new Error( `THREE.NodeLibrary: Node class ${ nodeClass.name } is not a class.` );
		if ( typeof type === 'function' || typeof type === 'object' ) throw new Error( `THREE.NodeLibrary: Base class ${ type } is not a class.` );

		library.set( type, nodeClass );

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a node class definition for the given class definition to the provided type library.
	 *
	 * @param {Node.constructor} nodeClass - The node class definition.
	 * @param {Node.constructor} baseClass - The class definition.
	 * @param {WeakMap<Node.constructor, Node.constructor>} library - The type library.
	 */
	addClass( nodeClass, baseClass, library ) {

		if ( library.has( baseClass ) ) {

			warn( `Redefinition of node ${ baseClass.name }` );
			return;

		}

		if ( typeof nodeClass !== 'function' ) throw new Error( `THREE.NodeLibrary: Node class ${ nodeClass.name } is not a class.` );
		if ( typeof baseClass !== 'function' ) throw new Error( `THREE.NodeLibrary: Base class ${ baseClass.name } is not a class.` );

		library.set( baseClass, nodeClass );

	}

}

const _defaultLights = /*@__PURE__*/ new LightsNode();
const _weakMap = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * This renderer module manages the lights nodes which are unique
 * per scene and camera combination.
 *
 * The lights node itself is later configured in the render list
 * with the actual lights from the scene.
 *
 * @private
 */
class Lighting {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new lighting manager.
	 */
	constructor() {

		/**
		 * Whether this lighting manager is enabled or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.enabled = true;

		/**
		 * A stack of light arrays saved per render via {@link Lighting#beginRender}.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<Array<Light>>}
		 */
		this._cache = [];

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a new lights node for the given array of lights.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Light>} lights - The render object.
	 * @return {LightsNode} The lights node.
	 */
	createNode( lights = [] ) {

		return new LightsNode().setLights( lights );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a lights node for the given scene.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 * @return {LightsNode} The lights node.
	 */
	getNode( scene ) {

		// Ignore renderable objects, e.g: Mesh, Sprite, etc.
		if ( scene.isScene !== true && scene.isGroup !== true ) return _defaultLights;

		let node = _weakMap.get( scene );

		if ( node === undefined ) {

			node = this.createNode();
			_weakMap.set( scene, node );

		}

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Saves the current lights of the scene's lights node so they can be restored
	 * in {@link Lighting#finishRender}. Must be paired with a `finishRender()` call
	 * to avoid memory leaks.
	 *
	 * Nested render calls might mutate the lights array so a save/restore is required
	 * for each render call.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 */
	beginRender( scene ) {

		this._cache.push( this.getNode( scene ).getLights() );

	}

	/**
	 * Restores the lights saved by the matching {@link Lighting#beginRender} call.
	 *
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
	 */
	finishRender( scene ) {

		this.getNode( scene ).setLights( this._cache.pop() );

	}

}

/**
 * A special type of render target that is used when rendering
 * with the WebXR Device API.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments RenderTarget
 */
class XRRenderTarget extends RenderTarget {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new XR render target.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [width=1] - The width of the render target.
	 * @param {number} [height=1] - The height of the render target.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - The configuration options.
	 */
	constructor( width = 1, height = 1, options = {} ) {

		super( width, height, options );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isXRRenderTarget = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the attachments of the render target
		 * are defined by external textures. This flag is
		 * set to `true` when using the WebXR Layers API.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this._hasExternalTextures = false;

		/**
		 * Whether a depth buffer should automatically be allocated
		 * for this XR render target or not.
		 *
		 * Allocating a depth buffer is the default behavior of XR render
		 * targets. However, when using the WebXR Layers API, this flag
		 * must be set to `false` when the `ignoreDepthValues` property of
		 * the projection layers evaluates to `false`.
		 *
		 * Reference: {@link https://www.w3.org/TR/webxrlayers-1/#dom-xrprojectionlayer-ignoredepthvalues}.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this._autoAllocateDepthBuffer = true;

		/**
		 * Whether this render target is associated with a XRWebGLLayer.
		 *
		 * A XRWebGLLayer points to an opaque framebuffer. Basically,
		 * this means that you don't have access to its bound color,
		 * stencil and depth buffers. We need to handle this framebuffer
		 * differently since its textures are always bound.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 * */
		this._isOpaqueFramebuffer = false;

	}

	copy( source ) {

		super.copy( source );

		this._hasExternalTextures = source._hasExternalTextures;
		this._autoAllocateDepthBuffer = source._autoAllocateDepthBuffer;
		this._isOpaqueFramebuffer = source._isOpaqueFramebuffer;

		return this;

	}


}

const _cameraLPos = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();
const _cameraRPos = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();

const _contextNodeLib = /*@__PURE__*/ new WeakMap();

/**
 * The XR manager is built on top of the WebXR Device API to
 * manage XR sessions with renderer backends.
 *
 * @augments EventDispatcher
 */
class XRManager extends EventDispatcher {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new XR manager.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @param {boolean} [multiview=false] - Enables multiview if the device supports it.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, multiview = false ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag globally enables XR rendering.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.enabled = false;

		/**
		 * Whether the XR device is currently presenting or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.isPresenting = false;

		/**
		 * Whether the XR camera should automatically be updated or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.cameraAutoUpdate = true;

		/**
		 * The renderer.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this._renderer = renderer;

		// camera

		/**
		 * Represents the camera for the left eye.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {PerspectiveCamera}
		 */
		this._cameraL = new PerspectiveCamera();
		this._cameraL.viewport = new Vector4();
		this._cameraL.matrixWorldAutoUpdate = false;

		/**
		 * Represents the camera for the right eye.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {PerspectiveCamera}
		 */
		this._cameraR = new PerspectiveCamera();
		this._cameraR.viewport = new Vector4();
		this._cameraR.matrixWorldAutoUpdate = false;

		/**
		 * A list of cameras used for rendering the XR views.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<Camera>}
		 */
		this._cameras = [ this._cameraL, this._cameraR ];

		/**
		 * The main XR camera.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {ArrayCamera}
		 */
		this._cameraXR = new ArrayCamera();

		/**
		 * The current near value of the XR camera.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentDepthNear = null;

		/**
		 * The current far value of the XR camera.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentDepthFar = null;

		/**
		 * A list of WebXR controllers requested by the application.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<WebXRController>}
		 */
		this._controllers = [];

		/**
		 * A list of XR input source. Each input source belongs to
		 * an instance of WebXRController.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<XRInputSource?>}
		 */
		this._controllerInputSources = [];

		/**
		 * The XR render target that represents the rendering destination
		 * during an active XR session.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderTarget}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._xrRenderTarget = null;

		/**
		 * An array holding all the non-projection layers
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 * @default []
		 */
		this._layers = [];

		/**
		 * Whether the XR session uses layers.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this._sessionUsesLayers = false;

		/**
		 * Whether the device supports binding gl objects.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this._supportsGlBinding = typeof XRWebGLBinding !== 'undefined';
		this._supportsWebGPUBinding = typeof globalThis.XRGPUBinding !== 'undefined';

		/**
		 * Helper function to create native WebXR Layer.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this._createXRLayer = createXRLayer.bind( this );

		/**
		* The current WebGL context.
		*
		* @private
		* @type {?WebGL2RenderingContext}
		* @default null
		*/
		this._gl = null;

		/**
		 * The current animation context.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Window}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentAnimationContext = null;

		/**
		 * The current animation loop.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Function}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentAnimationLoop = null;

		/**
		 * The current pixel ratio.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentPixelRatio = null;

		/**
		 * The renderer's sample count before XR temporarily overrides it.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentSamples = null;

		/**
		 * The current size of the renderer's canvas
		 * in logical pixel unit.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Vector2}
		 */
		this._currentSize = new Vector2();

		/**
		 * The default event listener for handling events inside a XR session.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this._onSessionEvent = onSessionEvent.bind( this );

		/**
		 * The event listener for handling the end of a XR session.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this._onSessionEnd = onSessionEnd.bind( this );

		/**
		 * The event listener for handling the `inputsourceschange` event.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this._onInputSourcesChange = onInputSourcesChange.bind( this );

		/**
		 * The animation loop which is used as a replacement for the default
		 * animation loop of the application. It is only used when a XR session
		 * is active.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this._onAnimationFrame = onAnimationFrame.bind( this );

		/**
		 * The current XR reference space.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRReferenceSpace}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._referenceSpace = null;

		/**
		 * The current XR reference space type.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {XRReferenceSpaceType}
		 * @default 'local-floor'
		 */
		this._referenceSpaceType = 'local-floor';

		/**
		 * A custom reference space defined by the application.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRReferenceSpace}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._customReferenceSpace = null;

		/**
		 * The framebuffer scale factor.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._framebufferScaleFactor = 1;

		/**
		 * The foveation factor.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._foveation = 1.0;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current XR session.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRSession}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._session = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current XR base layer.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRWebGLLayer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._glBaseLayer = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current XR binding.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRWebGLBinding}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._glBinding = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current XR WebGPU binding.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRGPUBinding}
		 * @default null
		 */

		this._webgpuBinding = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current XR projection layer.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRProjectionLayer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._glProjLayer = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current XR frame.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?XRFrame}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._xrFrame = null;

		/**
		 * Whether the browser supports the APIs necessary to use XRProjectionLayers.
		 *
		 * Note: this does not represent XRSession explicitly requesting
		 * `'layers'` as a feature - see `_sessionUsesLayers` and #30112
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this._supportsLayers = ( this._supportsGlBinding && 'createProjectionLayer' in XRWebGLBinding.prototype ); // eslint-disable-line compat/compat

		/**
		 * Whether the usage of multiview has been requested by the application or not.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this._useMultiviewIfPossible = multiview;

		/**
		 * Whether the usage of multiview is actually enabled. This flag only evaluates to `true`
		 * if multiview has been requested by the application and the `OVR_multiview2` is available.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this._useMultiview = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of `THREE.Group` that represents the transformation
	 * of a XR controller in target ray space. The requested controller is defined
	 * by the given index.
	 *
	 * @param {number} index - The index of the XR controller.
	 * @return {Group} A group that represents the controller's transformation.
	 */
	getController( index ) {

		const controller = this._getController( index );

		return controller.getTargetRaySpace();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of `THREE.Group` that represents the transformation
	 * of a XR controller in grip space. The requested controller is defined
	 * by the given index.
	 *
	 * @param {number} index - The index of the XR controller.
	 * @return {Group} A group that represents the controller's transformation.
	 */
	getControllerGrip( index ) {

		const controller = this._getController( index );

		return controller.getGripSpace();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an instance of `THREE.Group` that represents the transformation
	 * of a XR controller in hand space. The requested controller is defined
	 * by the given index.
	 *
	 * @param {number} index - The index of the XR controller.
	 * @return {Group} A group that represents the controller's transformation.
	 */
	getHand( index ) {

		const controller = this._getController( index );

		return controller.getHandSpace();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the foveation value.
	 *
	 * @return {number|undefined} The foveation value.
	 */
	getFoveation() {

		return this._foveation;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the foveation value.
	 *
	 * @param {number} foveation - A number in the range `[0,1]` where `0` means no foveation (full resolution)
	 * and `1` means maximum foveation (the edges render at lower resolution).
	 */
	setFoveation( foveation ) {

		this._foveation = foveation;

		if ( this._glProjLayer !== null ) {

			this._glProjLayer.fixedFoveation = foveation;

		}

		if ( this._glBaseLayer !== null && this._glBaseLayer.fixedFoveation !== undefined ) {

			this._glBaseLayer.fixedFoveation = foveation;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the framebuffer scale factor.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The framebuffer scale factor.
	 */
	getFramebufferScaleFactor() {

		return this._framebufferScaleFactor;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the framebuffer scale factor.
	 *
	 * This method can not be used during a XR session.
	 *
	 * @param {number} factor - The framebuffer scale factor.
	 */
	setFramebufferScaleFactor( factor ) {

		this._framebufferScaleFactor = factor;

		if ( this.isPresenting === true ) {

			warn( 'XRManager: Cannot change framebuffer scale while presenting.' );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the reference space type.
	 *
	 * @return {XRReferenceSpaceType} The reference space type.
	 */
	getReferenceSpaceType() {

		return this._referenceSpaceType;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the reference space type.
	 *
	 * This method can not be used during a XR session.
	 *
	 * @param {XRReferenceSpaceType} type - The reference space type.
	 */
	setReferenceSpaceType( type ) {

		this._referenceSpaceType = type;

		if ( this.isPresenting === true ) {

			warn( 'XRManager: Cannot change reference space type while presenting.' );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the XR reference space.
	 *
	 * @return {XRReferenceSpace} The XR reference space.
	 */
	getReferenceSpace() {

		return this._customReferenceSpace || this._referenceSpace;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets a custom XR reference space.
	 *
	 * @param {XRReferenceSpace} space - The XR reference space.
	 */
	setReferenceSpace( space ) {

		this._customReferenceSpace = space;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the XR camera.
	 *
	 * @return {ArrayCamera} The XR camera.
	 */
	getCamera() {

		return this._cameraXR;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the environment blend mode from the current XR session.
	 *
	 * @return {'opaque'|'additive'|'alpha-blend'|undefined} The environment blend mode. Returns `undefined` when used outside of a XR session.
	 */
	getEnvironmentBlendMode() {

		if ( this._session !== null ) {

			return this._session.environmentBlendMode;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current base layer.
	 *
	 * This is an `XRProjectionLayer` when the targeted XR device supports the
	 * WebXR Layers API, or an `XRWebGLLayer` otherwise.
	 *
	 * @return {?(XRWebGLLayer|XRProjectionLayer)} The XR base layer.
	 */
	getBaseLayer() {

		return this._glProjLayer !== null ? this._glProjLayer : this._glBaseLayer;

	}


	/**
	 * Returns the current XR binding.
	 *
	 * Creates a new binding if needed and the browser is
	 * capable of doing so.
	 *
	 * @return {?XRWebGLBinding} The XR binding. Returns `null` if one cannot be created.
	 */
	getBinding() {

		if ( this._glBinding === null && this._supportsGlBinding ) {

			this._glBinding = new XRWebGLBinding( this._session, this._gl );

		}

		return this._glBinding;

	}

	/**
	 * Applies WebXR fixed foveation to the internal post-processing render target
	 * used by the first XR render pass before compositing into a projection layer.
	 *
	 * Browser-side `XRWebGLBinding.foveateBoundTexture()` failures are treated as
	 * non-fatal so they do not interrupt rendering.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The internal render target.
	 */
	foveateBoundTexture( renderTarget ) {

		if ( renderTarget.isPostProcessingRenderTarget !== true ) return;
		if ( this.isPresenting !== true ) return;
		if ( this._glProjLayer === null ) return;

		const backend = this._renderer.backend;

		if ( backend === undefined || backend.isWebGLBackend !== true ) return;
		if ( backend.state === null ) return;

		const outputRenderTarget = this._renderer.getOutputRenderTarget();

		if ( outputRenderTarget === null || outputRenderTarget.isXRRenderTarget !== true ) return;

		const glBinding = this.getBinding();

		if ( glBinding === null || typeof glBinding.foveateBoundTexture !== 'function' ) return;

		this._renderer._textures.updateRenderTarget( renderTarget );

		const { textureGPU, glTextureType } = backend.get( renderTarget.texture );

		if ( textureGPU === undefined || glTextureType === undefined ) return;
		if ( renderTarget._xrFoveationTextureGPU === textureGPU ) return;

		renderTarget._xrFoveationTextureGPU = textureGPU;

		backend.state.bindTexture( glTextureType, textureGPU );

		try {

			glBinding.foveateBoundTexture( glTextureType, this.getFoveation() );

		} catch ( error ) {

			warnOnce( `XRManager: Unable to foveate bound XR post-processing texture. ${error.name}: ${error.message}` );

		} finally {

			backend.state.unbindTexture();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current XR WebGPU binding.
	 *
	 * Creates a new binding if needed and the browser is
	 * capable of doing so.
	 *
	 * @return {?XRGPUBinding} The XR WebGPU binding. Returns `null` if one cannot be created.
	 */
	getWebGPUBinding() {

		if ( this._webgpuBinding === null && this._supportsWebGPUBinding ) {

			this._webgpuBinding = new globalThis.XRGPUBinding( this._session, this._renderer.backend.device );

		}

		return this._webgpuBinding;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the current XR session is using WebGPU.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the current session uses the WebGPU backend and the `webgpu` session feature.
	 */
	_isWebGPUSession() {

		return this._renderer.backend.isWebGPUBackend === true &&
			this._session !== null &&
			this._session.enabledFeatures.includes( 'webgpu' );

	}

	/**
	 * Validates the current WebGPU XR session requirements.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_validateWebGPUSession() {

		const renderer = this._renderer;

		if ( renderer.backend.isWebGPUBackend !== true ) return;

		if ( this._session.enabledFeatures.includes( 'webgpu' ) === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.XRManager: WebGPU XR sessions require the "webgpu" session feature. Use VRButtonGPU/XRButton with "webgpu" enabled or use a WebGL backend.' );

		}

		if ( renderer.samples > 0 ) {

			warnOnce( 'THREE.XRManager: WebGPU XR does not support MSAA yet. Disabling MSAA for this XR session.' );

			if ( this._currentSamples === null ) this._currentSamples = renderer.samples;
			renderer._samples = 0;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the WebGPU XR projection layer and render target.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @async
	 * @param {XRSession} session - The XR session.
	 * @return {Promise<void>}
	 */
	async _initWebGPUSession( session ) {

		const webgpuBinding = this.getWebGPUBinding();
		const glProjLayer = webgpuBinding.createProjectionLayer( {
			colorFormat: webgpuBinding.getPreferredColorFormat(),
			depthStencilFormat: 'depth24plus'
		} );

		this._glProjLayer = glProjLayer;

		session.updateRenderState( { layers: [ glProjLayer ] } );

		this._referenceSpace = await session.requestReferenceSpace( this.getReferenceSpaceType() );

		this._xrRenderTarget = new RenderTarget( glProjLayer.textureWidth, glProjLayer.textureHeight, {
			depth: 2,
			minFilter: LinearFilter,
			magFilter: LinearFilter,
			depthBuffer: true,
			multiview: false,
			useArrayDepthTexture: true,
			samples: 0
		} );

		this._xrRenderTarget.texture.isArrayTexture = true;

		if ( this._useMultiviewIfPossible === true ) {

			warnOnce( 'THREE.XRManager: WebGPU XR does not support multiview yet. Disabling multiview for this XR session.' );

		}

		this._useMultiview = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Releases WebGPU XR resources associated with the current session.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_disposeWebGPUSession() {

		const renderer = this._renderer;
		const xrRenderTarget = this._xrRenderTarget;

		if ( xrRenderTarget === null || renderer.backend.isWebGPUBackend !== true ) return;

		// XR textures are external (from XRGPUBinding), so clear cached state before disposal.
		const backend = renderer.backend;
		const texturesModule = renderer._textures;

		const renderTargetData = backend.get ? backend.get( xrRenderTarget ) : null;
		if ( renderTargetData ) {

			renderTargetData.descriptors = undefined;

		}

		const deleteResource = ( resource ) => {

			if ( resource === null || resource === undefined ) return;

			if ( backend.delete ) backend.delete( resource );
			if ( texturesModule.delete ) texturesModule.delete( resource );

		};

		for ( let i = 0; i < xrRenderTarget.textures.length; i ++ ) {

			deleteResource( xrRenderTarget.textures[ i ] );

		}

		deleteResource( xrRenderTarget.depthTexture );
		deleteResource( xrRenderTarget );

		if ( renderer._renderContexts && renderer._renderContexts.dispose ) {

			renderer._renderContexts.dispose();

		}

		xrRenderTarget.dispose();

	}

	/**
	 * Collects WebGPU XR sub-image data for the current frame.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<XRView>} views - The XR views for the current pose.
	 * @return {{colorTexture:?GPUTexture, viewDescriptors:Array<Object>, viewports:Array<XRViewport>}} The WebGPU XR view data.
	 */
	_getWebGPUViewData( views ) {

		const webgpuBinding = this.getWebGPUBinding();
		const viewData = {
			colorTexture: null,
			viewDescriptors: [],
			viewports: []
		};

		for ( let i = 0; i < views.length; i ++ ) {

			const gpuSubImage = webgpuBinding.getViewSubImage( this._glProjLayer, views[ i ] );

			if ( viewData.colorTexture === null ) {

				viewData.colorTexture = gpuSubImage.colorTexture;

			}

			viewData.viewports.push( gpuSubImage.viewport );

			if ( gpuSubImage.getViewDescriptor ) {

				viewData.viewDescriptors.push( gpuSubImage.getViewDescriptor() );

			}

		}

		return viewData;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current XR frame.
	 *
	 * @return {?XRFrame} The XR frame. Returns `null` when used outside a XR session.
	 */
	getFrame() {

		return this._xrFrame;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the engine renders to a multiview target.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the engine renders to a multiview render target or not.
	 */
	useMultiview() {

		return this._useMultiview;

	}

	/**
	 * This method can be used in XR applications to create a quadratic layer that presents a separate
	 * rendered scene.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the layer plane in world units.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the layer plane in world units.
	 * @param {Vector3} translation - The position/translation of the layer plane in world units.
	 * @param {Quaternion} quaternion - The orientation of the layer plane expressed as a quaternion.
	 * @param {number} pixelwidth - The width of the layer's render target in pixels.
	 * @param {number} pixelheight - The height of the layer's render target in pixels.
	 * @param {Function} rendercall - A callback function that renders the layer. Similar to code in
	 * the default animation loop, this method can be used to update/transform 3D object in the layer's scene.
	 * @param {Object} [attributes={}] - Allows to configure the layer's render target.
	 * @return {Mesh} A mesh representing the quadratic XR layer. This mesh should be added to the XR scene.
	 */
	createQuadLayer( width, height, translation, quaternion, pixelwidth, pixelheight, rendercall, attributes = {} ) {

		const geometry = new PlaneGeometry( width, height );
		const renderTarget = new XRRenderTarget(
			pixelwidth,
			pixelheight,
			{
				format: RGBAFormat,
				type: UnsignedByteType,
				depthTexture: new DepthTexture(
					pixelwidth,
					pixelheight,
					attributes.stencil ? UnsignedInt248Type : UnsignedIntType,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					attributes.stencil ? DepthStencilFormat : DepthFormat
				),
				stencilBuffer: attributes.stencil,
				resolveDepthBuffer: false,
				resolveStencilBuffer: false,
				storeMultisampledDepthBuffer: false,
				storeMultisampledStencilBuffer: false
			} );

		renderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer = true;

		const material = new MeshBasicMaterial( { color: 0xffffff, side: FrontSide } );
		material.map = renderTarget.texture;
		material.map.offset.y = 1;
		material.map.repeat.y = -1;
		const plane = new Mesh( geometry, material );
		plane.position.copy( translation );
		plane.quaternion.copy( quaternion );

		const layer = {
			type: 'quad',
			width: width,
			height: height,
			translation: translation,
			quaternion: quaternion,
			pixelwidth: pixelwidth,
			pixelheight: pixelheight,
			plane: plane,
			material: material,
			rendercall: rendercall,
			renderTarget: renderTarget };

		this._layers.push( layer );

		if ( this._session !== null ) {

			layer.plane.material = new MeshBasicMaterial( { color: 0xffffff, side: FrontSide } );
			layer.plane.material.blending = CustomBlending;
			layer.plane.material.blendEquation = AddEquation;
			layer.plane.material.blendSrc = ZeroFactor;
			layer.plane.material.blendDst = ZeroFactor;

			layer.xrlayer = this._createXRLayer( layer );

			const xrlayers = this._session.renderState.layers;
			xrlayers.unshift( layer.xrlayer );
			this._session.updateRenderState( { layers: xrlayers } );

		} else {

			renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget = false;

		}

		return plane;

	}

	/**
	 * This method can be used in XR applications to create a cylindrical layer that presents a separate
	 * rendered scene.
	 *
	 * @param {number} radius - The radius of the cylinder in world units.
	 * @param {number} centralAngle - The central angle of the cylinder in radians.
	 * @param {number} aspectratio - The aspect ratio.
	 * @param {Vector3} translation - The position/translation of the layer plane in world units.
	 * @param {Quaternion} quaternion - The orientation of the layer plane expressed as a quaternion.
	 * @param {number} pixelwidth - The width of the layer's render target in pixels.
	 * @param {number} pixelheight - The height of the layer's render target in pixels.
	 * @param {Function} rendercall - A callback function that renders the layer. Similar to code in
	 * the default animation loop, this method can be used to update/transform 3D object in the layer's scene.
	 * @param {Object} [attributes={}] - Allows to configure the layer's render target.
	 * @return {Mesh} A mesh representing the cylindrical XR layer. This mesh should be added to the XR scene.
	 */
	createCylinderLayer( radius, centralAngle, aspectratio, translation, quaternion, pixelwidth, pixelheight, rendercall, attributes = {} ) {

		const geometry = new CylinderGeometry( radius, radius, radius * centralAngle / aspectratio, 64, 64, true, Math.PI - centralAngle / 2, centralAngle );
		const renderTarget = new XRRenderTarget(
			pixelwidth,
			pixelheight,
			{
				format: RGBAFormat,
				type: UnsignedByteType,
				depthTexture: new DepthTexture(
					pixelwidth,
					pixelheight,
					attributes.stencil ? UnsignedInt248Type : UnsignedIntType,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					undefined,
					attributes.stencil ? DepthStencilFormat : DepthFormat
				),
				stencilBuffer: attributes.stencil,
				resolveDepthBuffer: false,
				resolveStencilBuffer: false,
				storeMultisampledDepthBuffer: false,
				storeMultisampledStencilBuffer: false
			} );

		renderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer = true;

		const material = new MeshBasicMaterial( { color: 0xffffff, side: BackSide } );
		material.map = renderTarget.texture;
		material.map.offset.y = 1;
		material.map.repeat.y = -1;
		const plane = new Mesh( geometry, material );
		plane.position.copy( translation );
		plane.quaternion.copy( quaternion );

		const layer = {
			type: 'cylinder',
			radius: radius,
			centralAngle: centralAngle,
			aspectratio: aspectratio,
			translation: translation,
			quaternion: quaternion,
			pixelwidth: pixelwidth,
			pixelheight: pixelheight,
			plane: plane,
			material: material,
			rendercall: rendercall,
			renderTarget: renderTarget };

		this._layers.push( layer );

		if ( this._session !== null ) {

			layer.plane.material = new MeshBasicMaterial( { color: 0xffffff, side: BackSide } );
			layer.plane.material.blending = CustomBlending;
			layer.plane.material.blendEquation = AddEquation;
			layer.plane.material.blendSrc = ZeroFactor;
			layer.plane.material.blendDst = ZeroFactor;

			layer.xrlayer = this._createXRLayer( layer );

			const xrlayers = this._session.renderState.layers;
			xrlayers.unshift( layer.xrlayer );
			this._session.updateRenderState( { layers: xrlayers } );

		} else {

			renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget = false;

		}

		return plane;

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the XR layers that have been previously added to the scene.
	 *
	 * This method is usually called in your animation loop before rendering
	 * the actual scene via `renderer.render( scene, camera );`.
	 */
	renderLayers( ) {

		const translationObject = new Vector3();
		const quaternionObject = new Quaternion();
		const renderer = this._renderer;

		const wasPresenting = this.isPresenting;

		this.isPresenting = false;

		const rendererSize = new Vector2();
		renderer.getSize( rendererSize );

		const currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();

		for ( const layer of this._layers ) {

			layer.renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget = this._session !== null;
			layer.renderTarget._hasExternalTextures = layer.renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget;

			const currentContextNode = renderer.contextNode;

			let contextNode;

			if ( layer.renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget && this._sessionUsesLayers ) {

				layer.xrlayer.transform = new XRRigidTransform( layer.plane.getWorldPosition( translationObject ), layer.plane.getWorldQuaternion( quaternionObject ) );

				const glSubImage = this._glBinding.getSubImage( layer.xrlayer, this._xrFrame );
				renderer.backend.setXRRenderTargetTextures(
					layer.renderTarget,
					glSubImage.colorTexture,
					undefined );

				renderer._setXRLayerSize( layer.renderTarget.width, layer.renderTarget.height );

				contextNode = _contextNodeLib.get( currentContextNode );

				if ( contextNode === undefined ) {

					// Apply ToneMapping and OutputColorSpace directly in the material shader

					contextNode = currentContextNode.context( {

						getOutput: ( outputNode ) => {

							return renderOutput( outputNode, renderer.toneMapping, renderer.outputColorSpace );

						}

					} );

					_contextNodeLib.set( currentContextNode, contextNode );

				}

			} else {

				contextNode = currentContextNode;

			}

			renderer.contextNode = contextNode;

			renderer.setRenderTarget( layer.renderTarget );

			layer.rendercall();

			renderer.contextNode = currentContextNode;

		}

		renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );
		renderer._setXRLayerSize( rendererSize.x, rendererSize.y );

		this.isPresenting = wasPresenting;

	}


	/**
	 * Returns the current XR session.
	 *
	 * @return {?XRSession} The XR session. Returns `null` when used outside a XR session.
	 */
	getSession() {

		return this._session;

	}

	/**
	 * After a XR session has been requested usually with one of the `*Button` modules, it
	 * is injected into the renderer with this method. This method triggers the start of
	 * the actual XR rendering.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {XRSession} session - The XR session to set.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the session has been set.
	 */
	async setSession( session ) {

		const renderer = this._renderer;

		if ( renderer.initialized === false ) await renderer.init();

		this._gl = renderer.getContext();
		const gl = this._gl;

		this._session = session;

		if ( session !== null ) {

			session.addEventListener( 'select', this._onSessionEvent );
			session.addEventListener( 'selectstart', this._onSessionEvent );
			session.addEventListener( 'selectend', this._onSessionEvent );
			session.addEventListener( 'squeeze', this._onSessionEvent );
			session.addEventListener( 'squeezestart', this._onSessionEvent );
			session.addEventListener( 'squeezeend', this._onSessionEvent );
			session.addEventListener( 'end', this._onSessionEnd );
			session.addEventListener( 'inputsourceschange', this._onInputSourcesChange );

			this._validateWebGPUSession();

			this._currentPixelRatio = renderer.getPixelRatio();
			renderer.getSize( this._currentSize );

			this._currentAnimationContext = renderer._animation.getContext();
			this._currentAnimationLoop = renderer._animation.getAnimationLoop();
			renderer._animation.stop();

			//

			if ( this._isWebGPUSession() ) {

				await this._initWebGPUSession( session );

			} else if ( this._supportsLayers === true ) {

				// default path using XRProjectionLayer

				let depthFormat = null;
				let depthType = null;
				let glDepthFormat = null;

				const attributes = gl.getContextAttributes();
				await renderer.backend.makeXRCompatible();
				this.setFoveation( this.getFoveation() );

				if ( renderer.depth ) {

					glDepthFormat = renderer.stencil ? gl.DEPTH24_STENCIL8 : gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT24;
					depthFormat = renderer.stencil ? DepthStencilFormat : DepthFormat;
					depthType = renderer.stencil ? UnsignedInt248Type : UnsignedIntType;

				}

				const projectionlayerInit = {
					colorFormat: gl.RGBA8,
					depthFormat: glDepthFormat,
					scaleFactor: this._framebufferScaleFactor,
					clearOnAccess: false
				};

				if ( this._useMultiviewIfPossible && renderer.hasFeature( 'OVR_multiview2' ) ) {

					projectionlayerInit.textureType = 'texture-array';
					this._useMultiview = true;

				}

				this._glBinding = this.getBinding();
				const glProjLayer = this._glBinding.createProjectionLayer( projectionlayerInit );
				const layersArray = [ glProjLayer ];

				this._glProjLayer = glProjLayer;

				renderer.setPixelRatio( 1 );
				renderer._setXRLayerSize( glProjLayer.textureWidth, glProjLayer.textureHeight );

				const depth = this._useMultiview ? 2 : 1;
				const depthTexture = new DepthTexture( glProjLayer.textureWidth, glProjLayer.textureHeight, depthType, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, depthFormat, depth );

				this._xrRenderTarget = new XRRenderTarget(
					glProjLayer.textureWidth,
					glProjLayer.textureHeight,
					{
						format: RGBAFormat,
						type: UnsignedByteType,
						colorSpace: renderer.outputColorSpace,
						depthTexture: depthTexture,
						stencilBuffer: renderer.stencil,
						samples: attributes.antialias ? 4 : 0,
						resolveDepthBuffer: ( glProjLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
						resolveStencilBuffer: ( glProjLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
						storeMultisampledColorBuffer: false,
						storeMultisampledDepthBuffer: ( glProjLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
						storeMultisampledStencilBuffer: ( glProjLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
						depth: this._useMultiview ? 2 : 1,
						multiview: this._useMultiview
					} );

				this._xrRenderTarget._hasExternalTextures = true;
				this._xrRenderTarget.depth = this._useMultiview ? 2 : 1;

				this._sessionUsesLayers = session.enabledFeatures.includes( 'layers' );

				this._referenceSpace = await session.requestReferenceSpace( this.getReferenceSpaceType() );

				if ( this._sessionUsesLayers ) {

					// switch layers to native
					for ( const layer of this._layers ) {

						// change material so it "punches" out a hole to show the XR Layer.
						layer.plane.material = new MeshBasicMaterial( { color: 0xffffff, side: layer.type === 'cylinder' ? BackSide : FrontSide } );
						layer.plane.material.blending = CustomBlending;
						layer.plane.material.blendEquation = AddEquation;
						layer.plane.material.blendSrc = ZeroFactor;
						layer.plane.material.blendDst = ZeroFactor;

						layer.xrlayer = this._createXRLayer( layer );

						layersArray.unshift( layer.xrlayer );

					}

				}

				session.updateRenderState( { layers: layersArray } );

			} else {

				// fallback to XRWebGLLayer
				await renderer.backend.makeXRCompatible();
				this.setFoveation( this.getFoveation() );

				const layerInit = {
					antialias: renderer.currentSamples > 0,
					alpha: true,
					depth: renderer.depth,
					stencil: renderer.stencil,
					framebufferScaleFactor: this.getFramebufferScaleFactor()
				};

				const glBaseLayer = new XRWebGLLayer( session, gl, layerInit );
				this._glBaseLayer = glBaseLayer;

				session.updateRenderState( { baseLayer: glBaseLayer } );

				renderer.setPixelRatio( 1 );
				renderer._setXRLayerSize( glBaseLayer.framebufferWidth, glBaseLayer.framebufferHeight );

				this._xrRenderTarget = new XRRenderTarget(
					glBaseLayer.framebufferWidth,
					glBaseLayer.framebufferHeight,
					{
						format: RGBAFormat,
						type: UnsignedByteType,
						colorSpace: renderer.outputColorSpace,
						stencilBuffer: renderer.stencil,
						resolveDepthBuffer: ( glBaseLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
						resolveStencilBuffer: ( glBaseLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
						storeMultisampledDepthBuffer: ( glBaseLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
						storeMultisampledStencilBuffer: ( glBaseLayer.ignoreDepthValues === false ),
					}
				);

				this._xrRenderTarget._isOpaqueFramebuffer = true;
				this._referenceSpace = await session.requestReferenceSpace( this.getReferenceSpaceType() );

			}

			//

			renderer._animation.setAnimationLoop( this._onAnimationFrame );
			renderer._animation.setContext( session );
			renderer._animation.start();

			this.isPresenting = true;

			this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'sessionstart' } );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is called by the renderer per frame and updates the XR camera
	 * and it sub cameras based on the given camera. The given camera is the "user"
	 * camera created on application level and used for non-XR rendering.
	 *
	 * @param {PerspectiveCamera} camera - The camera.
	 */
	updateCamera( camera ) {

		const session = this._session;

		if ( session === null ) return;

		const depthNear = camera.near;
		const depthFar = camera.far;

		const cameraXR = this._cameraXR;
		const cameraL = this._cameraL;
		const cameraR = this._cameraR;

		cameraXR.near = cameraR.near = cameraL.near = depthNear;
		cameraXR.far = cameraR.far = cameraL.far = depthFar;
		cameraXR.isMultiViewCamera = this._useMultiview;

		if ( this._currentDepthNear !== cameraXR.near || this._currentDepthFar !== cameraXR.far ) {

			// Note that the new renderState won't apply until the next frame. See #18320

			session.updateRenderState( {
				depthNear: cameraXR.near,
				depthFar: cameraXR.far
			} );

			this._currentDepthNear = cameraXR.near;
			this._currentDepthFar = cameraXR.far;

		}

		// inherit camera layers and enable eye layers (1 = left, 2 = right)
		cameraXR.layers.mask = camera.layers.mask | 0b110;
		cameraL.layers.mask = cameraXR.layers.mask & -5;
		cameraR.layers.mask = cameraXR.layers.mask & -3;


		const parent = camera.parent;
		const cameras = cameraXR.cameras;

		updateCamera( cameraXR, parent );

		for ( let i = 0; i < cameras.length; i ++ ) {

			updateCamera( cameras[ i ], parent );

		}

		// update projection matrix for proper view frustum culling

		if ( cameras.length === 2 ) {

			setProjectionFromUnion( cameraXR, cameraL, cameraR );

		} else {

			// assume single camera setup (AR)

			cameraXR.projectionMatrix.copy( cameraL.projectionMatrix );

		}

		// update user camera and its children

		updateUserCamera( camera, cameraXR, parent );


	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WebXR controller for the given controller index.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} index - The controller index.
	 * @return {WebXRController} The XR controller.
	 */
	_getController( index ) {

		let controller = this._controllers[ index ];

		if ( controller === undefined ) {

			controller = new WebXRController();
			this._controllers[ index ] = controller;

		}

		return controller;

	}

}

/**
 * Assumes 2 cameras that are parallel and share an X-axis, and that
 * the cameras' projection and world matrices have already been set.
 * And that near and far planes are identical for both cameras.
 * Visualization of this technique: https://computergraphics.stackexchange.com/a/4765
 *
 * @param {ArrayCamera} camera - The camera to update.
 * @param {PerspectiveCamera} cameraL - The left camera.
 * @param {PerspectiveCamera} cameraR - The right camera.
 */
function setProjectionFromUnion( camera, cameraL, cameraR ) {

	_cameraLPos.setFromMatrixPosition( cameraL.matrixWorld );
	_cameraRPos.setFromMatrixPosition( cameraR.matrixWorld );

	const ipd = _cameraLPos.distanceTo( _cameraRPos );

	const projL = cameraL.projectionMatrix.elements;
	const projR = cameraR.projectionMatrix.elements;

	// VR systems will have identical far and near planes, and
	// most likely identical top and bottom frustum extents.
	// Use the left camera for these values.
	const near = projL[ 14 ] / ( projL[ 10 ] - 1 );
	const far = projL[ 14 ] / ( projL[ 10 ] + 1 );
	const topFov = ( projL[ 9 ] + 1 ) / projL[ 5 ];
	const bottomFov = ( projL[ 9 ] - 1 ) / projL[ 5 ];

	const leftFov = ( projL[ 8 ] - 1 ) / projL[ 0 ];
	const rightFov = ( projR[ 8 ] + 1 ) / projR[ 0 ];
	const left = near * leftFov;
	const right = near * rightFov;

	// Calculate the new camera's position offset from the
	// left camera. xOffset should be roughly half `ipd`.
	const zOffset = ipd / ( - leftFov + rightFov );
	const xOffset = zOffset * - leftFov;

	// TODO: Better way to apply this offset?
	cameraL.matrixWorld.decompose( camera.position, camera.quaternion, camera.scale );
	camera.translateX( xOffset );
	camera.translateZ( zOffset );
	camera.matrixWorld.compose( camera.position, camera.quaternion, camera.scale );
	camera.matrixWorldInverse.copy( camera.matrixWorld ).invert();

	// Check if the projection uses an infinite far plane.
	if ( projL[ 10 ] === -1 ) {

		// Use the projection matrix from the left eye.
		// The camera offset is sufficient to include the view volumes
		// of both eyes (assuming symmetric projections).
		camera.projectionMatrix.copy( cameraL.projectionMatrix );
		camera.projectionMatrixInverse.copy( cameraL.projectionMatrixInverse );

	} else {

		// Find the union of the frustum values of the cameras and scale
		// the values so that the near plane's position does not change in world space,
		// although must now be relative to the new union camera.
		const near2 = near + zOffset;
		const far2 = far + zOffset;
		const left2 = left - xOffset;
		const right2 = right + ( ipd - xOffset );
		const top2 = topFov * far / far2 * near2;
		const bottom2 = bottomFov * far / far2 * near2;

		camera.projectionMatrix.makePerspective( left2, right2, top2, bottom2, near2, far2 );
		camera.projectionMatrixInverse.copy( camera.projectionMatrix ).invert();

	}

}

/**
 * Updates the world matrices for the given camera based on the parent 3D object.
 *
 * @inner
 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera to update.
 * @param {Object3D} parent - The parent 3D object.
 */
function updateCamera( camera, parent ) {

	if ( parent === null ) {

		camera.matrixWorld.copy( camera.matrix );

	} else {

		camera.matrixWorld.multiplyMatrices( parent.matrixWorld, camera.matrix );

	}

	camera.matrixWorldInverse.copy( camera.matrixWorld ).invert();

}

/**
 * Updates the given camera with the transformation of the XR camera and parent object.
 *
 * @inner
 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera to update.
 * @param {ArrayCamera} cameraXR - The XR camera.
 * @param {Object3D} parent - The parent 3D object.
 */
function updateUserCamera( camera, cameraXR, parent ) {

	if ( parent === null ) {

		camera.matrix.copy( cameraXR.matrixWorld );

	} else {

		camera.matrix.copy( parent.matrixWorld );
		camera.matrix.invert();
		camera.matrix.multiply( cameraXR.matrixWorld );

	}

	camera.matrix.decompose( camera.position, camera.quaternion, camera.scale );
	camera.updateMatrixWorld( true );

	camera.projectionMatrix.copy( cameraXR.projectionMatrix );
	camera.projectionMatrixInverse.copy( cameraXR.projectionMatrixInverse );

	if ( camera.isPerspectiveCamera ) {

		camera.fov = RAD2DEG * 2 * Math.atan( 1 / camera.projectionMatrix.elements[ 5 ] );
		camera.zoom = 1;

	}

}

function onSessionEvent( event ) {

	const controllerIndex = this._controllerInputSources.indexOf( event.inputSource );

	if ( controllerIndex === -1 ) {

		return;

	}

	const controller = this._controllers[ controllerIndex ];

	if ( controller !== undefined ) {

		const referenceSpace = this.getReferenceSpace();

		controller.update( event.inputSource, event.frame, referenceSpace );
		controller.dispatchEvent( { type: event.type, data: event.inputSource } );

	}

}

function onSessionEnd() {

	const session = this._session;
	const renderer = this._renderer;

	session.removeEventListener( 'select', this._onSessionEvent );
	session.removeEventListener( 'selectstart', this._onSessionEvent );
	session.removeEventListener( 'selectend', this._onSessionEvent );
	session.removeEventListener( 'squeeze', this._onSessionEvent );
	session.removeEventListener( 'squeezestart', this._onSessionEvent );
	session.removeEventListener( 'squeezeend', this._onSessionEvent );
	session.removeEventListener( 'end', this._onSessionEnd );
	session.removeEventListener( 'inputsourceschange', this._onInputSourcesChange );

	for ( let i = 0; i < this._controllers.length; i ++ ) {

		const inputSource = this._controllerInputSources[ i ];

		if ( inputSource === null ) continue;

		this._controllerInputSources[ i ] = null;

		this._controllers[ i ].disconnect( inputSource );

	}

	this._currentDepthNear = null;
	this._currentDepthFar = null;

	if ( this._currentSamples !== null ) {

		renderer._samples = this._currentSamples;
		this._currentSamples = null;

	}

	// restore framebuffer/rendering state

	renderer._resetXRState();

	this._disposeWebGPUSession();

	this._session = null;
	this._xrRenderTarget = null;
	this._glBinding = null;
	this._webgpuBinding = null;
	this._glBaseLayer = null;
	this._glProjLayer = null;

	// switch layers back to emulated
	if ( this._sessionUsesLayers === true ) {

		for ( const layer of this._layers ) {

			// Recreate layer render target to reset state
			layer.renderTarget = new XRRenderTarget(
				layer.pixelwidth,
				layer.pixelheight,
				{
					format: RGBAFormat,
					type: UnsignedByteType,
					depthTexture: new DepthTexture(
						layer.pixelwidth,
						layer.pixelheight,
						layer.stencilBuffer ? UnsignedInt248Type : UnsignedIntType,
						undefined,
						undefined,
						undefined,
						undefined,
						undefined,
						undefined,
						layer.stencilBuffer ? DepthStencilFormat : DepthFormat
					),
					stencilBuffer: layer.stencilBuffer,
					resolveDepthBuffer: false,
					resolveStencilBuffer: false,
					storeMultisampledDepthBuffer: false,
					storeMultisampledStencilBuffer: false
				} );

			layer.renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget = false;

			layer.plane.material = layer.material;
			layer.material.map = layer.renderTarget.texture;
			layer.material.map.offset.y = 1;
			layer.material.map.repeat.y = -1;
			delete layer.xrlayer;

		}

	}

	//

	this.isPresenting = false;
	this._useMultiview = false;

	renderer._animation.stop();
	renderer._animation.setAnimationLoop( this._currentAnimationLoop );
	renderer._animation.setContext( this._currentAnimationContext );
	renderer._animation.start();

	renderer.setPixelRatio( this._currentPixelRatio );
	renderer.setSize( this._currentSize.width, this._currentSize.height, false );

	this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'sessionend' } );

}

function onInputSourcesChange( event ) {

	const controllers = this._controllers;
	const controllerInputSources = this._controllerInputSources;

	// Notify disconnected

	for ( let i = 0; i < event.removed.length; i ++ ) {

		const inputSource = event.removed[ i ];
		const index = controllerInputSources.indexOf( inputSource );

		if ( index >= 0 ) {

			controllerInputSources[ index ] = null;
			controllers[ index ].disconnect( inputSource );

		}

	}

	// Notify connected

	for ( let i = 0; i < event.added.length; i ++ ) {

		const inputSource = event.added[ i ];

		let controllerIndex = controllerInputSources.indexOf( inputSource );

		if ( controllerIndex === -1 ) {

			// Assign input source a controller that currently has no input source

			for ( let i = 0; i < controllers.length; i ++ ) {

				if ( i >= controllerInputSources.length ) {

					controllerInputSources.push( inputSource );
					controllerIndex = i;
					break;

				} else if ( controllerInputSources[ i ] === null ) {

					controllerInputSources[ i ] = inputSource;
					controllerIndex = i;
					break;

				}

			}

			// If all controllers do currently receive input we ignore new ones

			if ( controllerIndex === -1 ) break;

		}

		const controller = controllers[ controllerIndex ];

		if ( controller ) {

			controller.connect( inputSource );

		}

	}

}

// Creation method for native WebXR layers
function createXRLayer( layer ) {

	if ( layer.type === 'quad' ) {

		return this._glBinding.createQuadLayer( {
			transform: new XRRigidTransform( layer.translation, layer.quaternion ),
			width: layer.width / 2,
			height: layer.height / 2,
			space: this._referenceSpace,
			viewPixelWidth: layer.pixelwidth,
			viewPixelHeight: layer.pixelheight,
			clearOnAccess: false
		} );

	} else {

		return this._glBinding.createCylinderLayer( {
			transform: new XRRigidTransform( layer.translation, layer.quaternion ),
			radius: layer.radius,
			centralAngle: layer.centralAngle,
			aspectRatio: layer.aspectRatio,
			space: this._referenceSpace,
			viewPixelWidth: layer.pixelwidth,
			viewPixelHeight: layer.pixelheight,
			clearOnAccess: false
		} );

	}

}

// Animation Loop

function onAnimationFrame( time, frame ) {

	if ( frame === undefined ) return;

	const cameraXR = this._cameraXR;
	const renderer = this._renderer;
	const backend = renderer.backend;

	const glBaseLayer = this._glBaseLayer;

	const referenceSpace = this.getReferenceSpace();
	const pose = frame.getViewerPose( referenceSpace );

	this._xrFrame = frame;

	if ( pose !== null ) {

		const views = pose.views;

		const webgpuViewData = this._isWebGPUSession() ? this._getWebGPUViewData( views ) : null;

		if ( this._glBaseLayer !== null && webgpuViewData === null ) {

			backend.setXRTarget( glBaseLayer.framebuffer );

		}

		let cameraXRNeedsUpdate = false;

		// check if it's necessary to rebuild cameraXR's camera list

		if ( views.length !== cameraXR.cameras.length ) {

			cameraXR.cameras.length = 0;
			cameraXRNeedsUpdate = true;

		}

		for ( let i = 0; i < views.length; i ++ ) {

			const view = views[ i ];

			let viewport;

			if ( webgpuViewData !== null ) {

				viewport = webgpuViewData.viewports[ i ];

			} else if ( this._supportsLayers === true ) {

				// WebGL path: Use XRWebGLBinding
				const glSubImage = this._glBinding.getViewSubImage( this._glProjLayer, view );
				viewport = glSubImage.viewport;

				// For side-by-side projection, we only produce a single texture for both eyes.
				if ( i === 0 ) {

					backend.setXRRenderTargetTextures(
						this._xrRenderTarget,
						glSubImage.colorTexture,
						( this._glProjLayer.ignoreDepthValues && ! this._useMultiview ) ? undefined : glSubImage.depthStencilTexture
					);

				}

			} else {

				viewport = glBaseLayer.getViewport( view );

			}

			let camera = this._cameras[ i ];

			if ( camera === undefined ) {

				camera = new PerspectiveCamera();
				camera.layers.enable( i );
				camera.viewport = new Vector4();
				camera.matrixWorldAutoUpdate = false;
				this._cameras[ i ] = camera;

			}

			camera.matrix.fromArray( view.transform.matrix );
			camera.matrix.decompose( camera.position, camera.quaternion, camera.scale );
			camera.projectionMatrix.fromArray( view.projectionMatrix );
			camera.projectionMatrixInverse.copy( camera.projectionMatrix ).invert();
			camera.viewport.set( viewport.x, viewport.y, viewport.width, viewport.height );

			if ( i === 0 ) {

				cameraXR.matrix.copy( camera.matrix );
				cameraXR.matrix.decompose( cameraXR.position, cameraXR.quaternion, cameraXR.scale );

			}

			if ( cameraXRNeedsUpdate === true ) {

				cameraXR.cameras.push( camera );

			}

		}

		if ( webgpuViewData !== null && webgpuViewData.colorTexture !== null ) {

			backend.setXRRenderTargetTextures(
				this._xrRenderTarget,
				webgpuViewData.colorTexture,
				webgpuViewData.viewDescriptors
			);

		}

		renderer.setOutputRenderTarget( this._xrRenderTarget );

		const frameBufferTarget = renderer._getFrameBufferTarget();
		renderer.xr.foveateBoundTexture( frameBufferTarget );

	}

	//

	for ( let i = 0; i < this._controllers.length; i ++ ) {

		const inputSource = this._controllerInputSources[ i ];
		const controller = this._controllers[ i ];

		if ( inputSource !== null && controller !== undefined ) {

			controller.update( inputSource, frame, referenceSpace );

		}

	}

	if ( this._currentAnimationLoop ) this._currentAnimationLoop( time, frame );

	if ( frame.detectedPlanes ) {

		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'planesdetected', data: frame } );

	}

	this._xrFrame = null;

}

/**
 * CanvasTarget is a class that represents the final output destination of the renderer.
 *
 * @augments EventDispatcher
 */
class CanvasTarget extends EventDispatcher {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new CanvasTarget.
	 *
	 * @param {HTMLCanvasElement|OffscreenCanvas} domElement - The canvas element to render to.
	 */
	constructor( domElement ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * A reference to the canvas element the renderer is drawing to.
		 * This value of this property will automatically be created by
		 * the renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {HTMLCanvasElement|OffscreenCanvas}
		 */
		this.domElement = domElement;

		/**
		 * The renderer's pixel ratio.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._pixelRatio = 1;

		/**
		 * The width of the renderer's default framebuffer in logical pixel unit.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this._width = this.domElement.width;

		/**
		 * The height of the renderer's default framebuffer in logical pixel unit.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this._height = this.domElement.height;

		/**
		 * The viewport of the renderer in logical pixel unit.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Vector4}
		 */
		this._viewport = new Vector4( 0, 0, this._width, this._height );

		/**
		 * The scissor rectangle of the renderer in logical pixel unit.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Vector4}
		 */
		this._scissor = new Vector4( 0, 0, this._width, this._height );

		/**
		 * Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this._scissorTest = false;

		/**
		 * The color texture of the default framebuffer.
		 *
		 * @type {FramebufferTexture}
		 */
		this.colorTexture = new FramebufferTexture();

		/**
		 * The depth texture of the default framebuffer.
		 *
		 * @type {DepthTexture}
		 */
		this.depthTexture = new DepthTexture();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the pixel ratio.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The pixel ratio.
	 */
	getPixelRatio() {

		return this._pixelRatio;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the drawing buffer size in physical pixels. This method honors the pixel ratio.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector2} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector2} The drawing buffer size.
	 */
	getDrawingBufferSize( target ) {

		return target.set( this._width * this._pixelRatio, this._height * this._pixelRatio ).floor();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the renderer's size in logical pixels. This method does not honor the pixel ratio.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector2} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector2} The renderer's size in logical pixels.
	 */
	getSize( target ) {

		return target.set( this._width, this._height );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the given pixel ratio and resizes the canvas if necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [value=1] - The pixel ratio.
	 */
	setPixelRatio( value = 1 ) {

		if ( this._pixelRatio === value ) return;

		this._pixelRatio = value;

		this.setSize( this._width, this._height, false );

	}

	/**
	 * This method allows to define the drawing buffer size by specifying
	 * width, height and pixel ratio all at once. The size of the drawing
	 * buffer is computed with this formula:
	 * ```js
	 * size.x = width * pixelRatio;
	 * size.y = height * pixelRatio;
	 * ```
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width in logical pixels.
	 * @param {number} height - The height in logical pixels.
	 * @param {number} pixelRatio - The pixel ratio.
	 */
	setDrawingBufferSize( width, height, pixelRatio ) {

		// Renderer can't be resized while presenting in XR.
		if ( this.xr && this.xr.isPresenting ) return;

		this._width = width;
		this._height = height;

		this._pixelRatio = pixelRatio;

		this.domElement.width = Math.floor( width * pixelRatio );
		this.domElement.height = Math.floor( height * pixelRatio );

		this.setViewport( 0, 0, width, height );

		this._dispatchResize();

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the size of the renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width in logical pixels.
	 * @param {number} height - The height in logical pixels.
	 * @param {boolean} [updateStyle=true] - Whether to update the `style` attribute of the canvas or not.
	 */
	setSize( width, height, updateStyle = true ) {

		// Renderer can't be resized while presenting in XR.
		if ( this.xr && this.xr.isPresenting ) return;

		this._width = width;
		this._height = height;

		this.domElement.width = Math.floor( width * this._pixelRatio );
		this.domElement.height = Math.floor( height * this._pixelRatio );

		if ( updateStyle === true ) {

			this.domElement.style.width = width + 'px';
			this.domElement.style.height = height + 'px';

		}

		this.setViewport( 0, 0, width, height );

		this._dispatchResize();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the scissor rectangle.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector4} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector4} The scissor rectangle.
	 */
	getScissor( target ) {

		const scissor = this._scissor;

		target.x = scissor.x;
		target.y = scissor.y;
		target.width = scissor.width;
		target.height = scissor.height;

		return target;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the scissor rectangle.
	 *
	 * @param {number | Vector4} x - The horizontal coordinate for the lower left corner of the box in logical pixel unit.
	 * Instead of passing four arguments, the method also works with a single four-dimensional vector.
	 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the lower left corner of the box in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the scissor box in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the scissor box in logical pixel unit.
	 */
	setScissor( x, y, width, height ) {

		const scissor = this._scissor;

		if ( x.isVector4 ) {

			scissor.copy( x );

		} else {

			scissor.set( x, y, width, height );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the scissor test value.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
	 */
	getScissorTest() {

		return this._scissorTest;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the scissor test.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} boolean - Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
	 */
	setScissorTest( boolean ) {

		this._scissorTest = boolean;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the viewport definition.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector4} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector4} The viewport definition.
	 */
	getViewport( target ) {

		return target.copy( this._viewport );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the viewport.
	 *
	 * @param {number | Vector4} x - The horizontal coordinate for the lower left corner of the viewport origin in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the lower left corner of the viewport origin  in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} minDepth - The minimum depth value of the viewport. WebGPU only.
	 * @param {number} maxDepth - The maximum depth value of the viewport. WebGPU only.
	 */
	setViewport( x, y, width, height, minDepth = 0, maxDepth = 1 ) {

		const viewport = this._viewport;

		if ( x.isVector4 ) {

			viewport.copy( x );

		} else {

			viewport.set( x, y, width, height );

		}

		viewport.minDepth = minDepth;
		viewport.maxDepth = maxDepth;

	}

	/**
	 * Dispatches the resize event.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_dispatchResize() {

		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'resize' } );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees the GPU-related resources allocated by this instance. Call this
	 * method whenever this instance is no longer used in your app.
	 *
	 * @fires RenderTarget#dispose
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'dispose' } );

	}

}

const _scene = /*@__PURE__*/ new Scene();
const _drawingBufferSize = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector2();
const _screen = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector4();
const _frustum = /*@__PURE__*/ new Frustum();
const _frustumArray = /*@__PURE__*/ new FrustumArray();

const _projScreenMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
const _vector4 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector4();

const _shadowSide = { [ FrontSide ]: BackSide, [ BackSide ]: FrontSide, [ DoubleSide ]: DoubleSide };

/**
 * Base class for renderers.
 */
class Renderer {

	/**
	 * Renderer options.
	 *
	 * @typedef {Object} Renderer~Options
	 * @property {boolean} [logarithmicDepthBuffer=false] - Whether logarithmic depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [reversedDepthBuffer=false] - Whether reversed depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [alpha=true] - Whether the default framebuffer (which represents the final contents of the canvas) should be transparent or opaque.
	 * @property {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a depth buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [stencil=false] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a stencil buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [antialias=false] - Whether MSAA as the default anti-aliasing should be enabled or not.
	 * @property {number} [samples=0] - When `antialias` is `true`, `4` samples are used by default. This parameter can set to any other integer value than 0
	 * to overwrite the default.
	 * @property {?Function} [getFallback=null] - This callback function can be used to provide a fallback backend, if the primary backend can't be targeted.
	 * @property {number} [outputBufferType=HalfFloatType] - Defines the type of output buffers. The default `HalfFloatType` is recommend for best
	 * quality. To save memory and bandwidth, `UnsignedByteType` might be used. This will reduce rendering quality though.
	 * @property {boolean} [multiview=false] - If set to `true`, the renderer will use multiview during WebXR rendering if supported.
	 */

	/**
	 * Constructs a new renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {Backend} backend - The backend the renderer is targeting (e.g. WebGPU or WebGL 2).
	 * @param {Renderer~Options} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.

	 */
	constructor( backend, parameters = {} ) {

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isRenderer = true;

		//

		const {
			logarithmicDepthBuffer = false,
			reversedDepthBuffer = false,
			alpha = true,
			depth = true,
			stencil = false,
			antialias = false,
			samples = 0,
			getFallback = null,
			outputBufferType = HalfFloatType,
			multiview = false
		} = parameters;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current backend.
		 *
		 * @type {Backend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * Whether the renderer should automatically clear the current rendering target
		 * before execute a `render()` call. The target can be the canvas (default framebuffer)
		 * or the current bound render target (custom framebuffer).
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.autoClear = true;

		/**
		 * When `autoClear` is set to `true`, this property defines whether the renderer
		 * should clear the color buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.autoClearColor = true;

		/**
		 * When `autoClear` is set to `true`, this property defines whether the renderer
		 * should clear the depth buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.autoClearDepth = true;

		/**
		 * When `autoClear` is set to `true`, this property defines whether the renderer
		 * should clear the stencil buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.autoClearStencil = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the default framebuffer should be transparent or opaque.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.alpha = alpha;

		/**
		 * Whether logarithmic depth buffer is enabled or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.logarithmicDepthBuffer = logarithmicDepthBuffer;

		/**
		 * Whether reversed depth buffer is enabled or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 * @readonly
		 */
		this.reversedDepthBuffer = reversedDepthBuffer;

		/**
		 * Defines the output color space of the renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default SRGBColorSpace
		 */
		this.outputColorSpace = SRGBColorSpace;

		/**
		 * Defines the tone mapping of the renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default NoToneMapping
		 */
		this.toneMapping = NoToneMapping;

		/**
		 * Defines the tone mapping exposure.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.toneMappingExposure = 1.0;

		/**
		 * Whether the renderer should sort its render lists or not.
		 *
		 * Note: Sorting is used to attempt to properly render objects that have some degree of transparency.
		 * By definition, sorting objects may not work in all cases. Depending on the needs of application,
		 * it may be necessary to turn off sorting and use other methods to deal with transparency rendering
		 * e.g. manually determining each object's rendering order.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.sortObjects = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the default framebuffer should have a depth buffer or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.depth = depth;

		/**
		 * Whether the default framebuffer should have a stencil buffer or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.stencil = stencil;

		/**
		 * Holds a series of statistical information about the GPU memory
		 * and the rendering process. Useful for debugging and monitoring.
		 *
		 * @type {Info}
		 */
		this.info = new Info();

		/**
		 * A global context node that stores override nodes for specific transformations or calculations.
		 * These nodes can be used to replace default behavior in the rendering pipeline.
		 *
		 * @type {ContextNode}
		 * @property {Object} value - The context value object.
		 */
		this.contextNode = context();

		/**
		 * The node library defines how certain library objects like materials, lights
		 * or tone mapping functions are mapped to node types. This is required since
		 * although instances of classes like `MeshBasicMaterial` or `PointLight` can
		 * be part of the scene graph, they are internally represented as nodes for
		 * further processing.
		 *
		 * @type {NodeLibrary}
		 */
		this.library = new NodeLibrary();

		/**
		 * A map-like data structure for managing lights.
		 *
		 * @type {Lighting}
		 */
		this.lighting = new Lighting();

		// internals

		/**
		 * The number of MSAA samples.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this._samples = samples || ( antialias === true ? 4 : 0 );

		/**
		 * OnCanvasTargetResize callback function.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this._onCanvasTargetResize = this._onCanvasTargetResize.bind( this );

		/**
		 * The canvas target for rendering.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {CanvasTarget}
		 */
		this._canvasTarget = new CanvasTarget( backend.getDomElement() );
		this._canvasTarget.addEventListener( 'resize', this._onCanvasTargetResize );
		this._canvasTarget.isDefaultCanvasTarget = true;

		/**
		 * The inspector provides information about the internal renderer state.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {InspectorBase}
		 */
		this._inspector = new InspectorBase();
		this._inspector.setRenderer( this );

		/**
		 * This callback function can be used to provide a fallback backend, if the primary backend can't be targeted.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Function}
		 */
		this._getFallback = getFallback;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing shader attributes.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Attributes}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._attributes = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing geometries.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Geometries}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._geometries = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing node related logic.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?NodeManager}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._nodes = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing the internal animation loop.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Animation}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._animation = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing shader program bindings.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Bindings}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._bindings = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing render objects.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderObjects}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._objects = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing render and compute pipelines.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Pipelines}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._pipelines = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing render bundles.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderBundles}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._bundles = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing render lists.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderLists}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._renderLists = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing render contexts.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderContexts}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._renderContexts = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for managing textures.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Textures}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._textures = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a renderer module for backgrounds.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Background}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._background = null;

		/**
		 * Cache for the fullscreen quad.
		 * This fullscreen quad is used for internal render passes
		 * like the tone mapping and color space output pass.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Map<Texture,QuadMesh>}
		 */
		this._quadCache = new Map();

		/**
		 * A reference to the current render context.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderContext}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentRenderContext = null;

		/**
		 * A custom sort function for the opaque render list.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Function}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._opaqueSort = null;

		/**
		 * A custom sort function for the transparent render list.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Function}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._transparentSort = null;

		/**
		 * Cache of framebuffer targets per canvas target.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Map<CanvasTarget, RenderTarget>}
		 */
		this._frameBufferTargets = new Map();

		const alphaClear = this.alpha === true ? 0 : 1;

		/**
		 * The clear color value.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Color4}
		 */
		this._clearColor = new Color4( 0, 0, 0, alphaClear );

		/**
		 * The clear depth value.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this._clearDepth = 1;

		/**
		 * The clear stencil value.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this._clearStencil = 0;

		/**
		 * The current render target.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderTarget}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._renderTarget = null;

		/**
		 * The active cube face.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this._activeCubeFace = 0;

		/**
		 * The active mipmap level.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this._activeMipmapLevel = 0;

		/**
		 * The current output render target.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderTarget}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._outputRenderTarget = null;

		/**
		 * The MRT setting.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?MRTNode}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._mrt = null;

		/**
		 * This function defines how a render object is going
		 * to be rendered.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Function}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._renderObjectFunction = null;

		/**
		 * Used to keep track of the current render object function.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Function}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentRenderObjectFunction = null;

		/**
		 * Used to keep track of the current render bundle.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?RenderBundle}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentRenderBundle = null;

		/**
		 * Next to `_renderObjectFunction()`, this function provides another hook
		 * for influencing the render process of a render object. It is meant for internal
		 * use and only relevant for `compileAsync()` right now. Instead of using
		 * the default logic of `_renderObjectDirect()` which actually draws the render object,
		 * a different function might be used which performs no draw but just the node
		 * and pipeline updates.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this._handleObjectFunction = this._renderObjectDirect;

		/**
		 * Indicates whether the device has been lost or not. In WebGL terms, the device
		 * lost is considered as a context lost. When this is set to `true`, rendering
		 * isn't possible anymore.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this._isDeviceLost = false;

		/**
		 * A callback function that defines what should happen when a device/context lost occurs.
		 *
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this.onDeviceLost = this._onDeviceLost;

		/**
		 * A callback function that defines what should happen when an uncaptured
		 * backend error is reported (e.g. a WebGPU validation/out-of-memory/internal
		 * error raised outside an error scope). Applications can override this to
		 * surface errors in their own UI without letting them escalate to a device
		 * loss. The default implementation logs to the console.
		 *
		 * @type {Function}
		 */
		this.onError = this._onError;

		/**
		 * Defines the type of output buffers. The default `HalfFloatType` is recommend for
		 * best quality. To save memory and bandwidth, `UnsignedByteType` might be used.
		 * This will reduce rendering quality though.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default HalfFloatType
		 */
		this._outputBufferType = outputBufferType;

		/**
		 * A cache for shadow nodes per material
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {WeakMap<Material, Object>}
		 */
		this._cacheShadowNodes = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * Whether the renderer has been initialized or not.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this._initialized = false;

		/**
		 * The call depth of the renderer. Counts the number of
		 * nested render calls.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default - 1
		 */
		this._callDepth = -1;

		/**
		 * A reference to the promise which initializes the renderer.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Promise<this>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._initPromise = null;

		/**
		 * An array of compilation promises which are used in `compileAsync()`.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Array<Promise>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._compilationPromises = null;

		/**
		 * Whether the renderer is currently precompiling a render object in
		 * `compileAsync()`.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this._isPreCompiling = false;

		/**
		 * When an override material is in use, this property points to the current
		 * source material during the rendering of a render object.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Material}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentSourceMaterial = null;

		/**
		 * Whether the renderer should render transparent render objects or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.transparent = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the renderer should render opaque render objects or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.opaque = true;

		/**
		 * Shadow map configuration
		 * @typedef {Object} ShadowMapConfig
		 * @property {boolean} enabled - Whether to globally enable shadows or not.
		 * @property {boolean} transmitted - Whether to enable light transmission through non-opaque materials.
		 * @property {number} type - The shadow map type.
		 */

		/**
		 * The renderer's shadow configuration.
		 *
		 * @type {ShadowMapConfig}
		 */
		this.shadowMap = {
			enabled: false,
			transmitted: false,
			type: PCFShadowMap
		};

		/**
		 * XR configuration.
		 * @typedef {Object} XRConfig
		 * @property {boolean} enabled - Whether to globally enable XR or not.
		 */

		/**
		 * The renderer's XR manager.
		 *
		 * @type {XRManager}
		 */
		this.xr = new XRManager( this, multiview );

		/**
		 * Debug configuration.
		 * @typedef {Object} DebugConfig
		 * @property {boolean} checkShaderErrors - Whether shader errors should be checked or not.
		 * @property {Object} diagnostics - Diagnostics configuration for the shader generation.
		 * @property {boolean} diagnostics.keywords - Whether declaration names that collide with reserved keywords should be renamed or not.
		 * @property {?Function} onShaderError - A callback function that is executed when a shader error happens. Only supported with WebGL 2 right now.
		 * @property {Function} getShaderAsync - Allows the get the raw shader code for the given scene, camera and 3D object.
		 */

		/**
		 * The renderer's debug configuration.
		 *
		 * @type {DebugConfig}
		 */
		this.debug = {
			checkShaderErrors: true,
			diagnostics: {
				keywords: false
			},
			onShaderError: null,
			getShaderAsync: async ( scene, camera, object ) => {

				await this.compileAsync( object, camera, scene );

				const useFrameBufferTarget = this.needsFrameBufferTarget && this._renderTarget === null;
				const renderTarget = useFrameBufferTarget ? this._getFrameBufferTarget() : ( this._renderTarget || this._outputRenderTarget );

				const renderList = this._renderLists.get( scene, camera );
				const renderContext = this._renderContexts.get( renderTarget, this._mrt );

				const material = scene.overrideMaterial || object.material;

				const renderObject = this._objects.get( object, material, scene, camera, renderList.lightsNode, renderContext, renderContext.clippingContext );

				const { fragmentShader, vertexShader } = renderObject.getNodeBuilderState();

				return { fragmentShader, vertexShader };

			}
		};

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the renderer so it is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @return {Promise<this>} A Promise that resolves when the renderer has been initialized.
	 */
	async init() {

		if ( this._initPromise !== null ) {

			return this._initPromise;

		}

		this._initPromise = new Promise( async ( resolve, reject ) => {

			let backend = this.backend;

			try {

				await backend.init( this );

			} catch ( error ) {

				if ( this._getFallback !== null ) {

					// try the fallback

					try {

						this.backend = backend = this._getFallback( error );
						await backend.init( this );

					} catch ( error ) {

						reject( error );
						return;

					}

				} else {

					reject( error );
					return;

				}

			}

			this._nodes = new NodeManager( this, backend );
			this._animation = new Animation( this, this._nodes, this.info );
			this._attributes = new Attributes( backend, this.info );
			this._background = new Background( this, this._nodes );
			this._geometries = new Geometries( this._attributes, this.info );
			this._textures = new Textures( this, backend, this.info );
			this._pipelines = new Pipelines( backend, this._nodes, this.info );
			this._bindings = new Bindings( backend, this._nodes, this._textures, this._attributes, this._pipelines, this.info );
			this._objects = new RenderObjects( this, this._nodes, this._geometries, this._pipelines, this._bindings, this.info );
			this._renderLists = new RenderLists( this.lighting );
			this._bundles = new RenderBundles();
			this._renderContexts = new RenderContexts( this );

			//

			this._animation.start();
			this._initialized = true;

			//

			this._inspector.init();

			//

			resolve( this );

		} );

		return this._initPromise;

	}

	/**
	 * A reference to the canvas element the renderer is drawing to.
	 * This value of this property will automatically be created by
	 * the renderer.
	 *
	 * @type {HTMLCanvasElement|OffscreenCanvas}
	 */
	get domElement() {

		return this._canvasTarget.domElement;

	}

	/**
	 * The coordinate system of the renderer. The value of this property
	 * depends on the selected backend. Either `THREE.WebGLCoordinateSystem` or
	 * `THREE.WebGPUCoordinateSystem`.
	 *
	 * @readonly
	 * @type {number}
	 */
	get coordinateSystem() {

		return this.backend.coordinateSystem;

	}

	/**
	 * Compiles all materials in the given scene. This can be useful to avoid a
	 * phenomenon which is called "shader compilation stutter", which occurs when
	 * rendering an object with a new shader for the first time.
	 *
	 * If you want to add a 3D object to an existing scene, use the third optional
	 * parameter for applying the target scene. Note that the (target) scene's lighting
	 * and environment must be configured before calling this method.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene or 3D object to precompile.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera that is used to render the scene.
	 * @param {?Scene} targetScene - If the first argument is a 3D object, this parameter must represent the scene the 3D object is going to be added.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the compile has been finished.
	 */
	async compileAsync( scene, camera, targetScene = null ) {

		if ( this._isDeviceLost === true ) return;

		if ( this._initialized === false ) await this.init();

		if ( this.shadowMap.type === PCFSoftShadowMap ) {

			warn( 'WebGPURenderer: PCFSoftShadowMap has been removed. Using PCFShadowMap instead.' );

			this.shadowMap.type = PCFShadowMap;

		}

		// preserve render tree

		const nodeFrame = this._nodes.nodeFrame;

		const previousRenderId = nodeFrame.renderId;
		const previousRenderContext = this._currentRenderContext;
		const previousRenderObjectFunction = this._currentRenderObjectFunction;
		const previousHandleObjectFunction = this._handleObjectFunction;
		const previousCompilationPromises = this._compilationPromises;

		//

		if ( targetScene === null ) targetScene = scene;

		// Use the actual scene for caching when compiling individual objects
		// This ensures cache keys match between compileAsync and render
		const sceneRef = ( scene.isScene === true ) ? scene : ( targetScene.isScene === true ) ? targetScene : _scene;

		// Match render()'s logic: use frameBufferTarget when needsFrameBufferTarget is true
		const useFrameBufferTarget = this.needsFrameBufferTarget && this._renderTarget === null;
		const renderTarget = useFrameBufferTarget ? this._getFrameBufferTarget() : ( this._renderTarget || this._outputRenderTarget );
		const renderContext = this._renderContexts.get( renderTarget, this._mrt );
		const activeMipmapLevel = this._activeMipmapLevel;

		const compilationPromises = [];

		this._currentRenderContext = renderContext;
		this._currentRenderObjectFunction = this.renderObject;

		this._handleObjectFunction = this._createObjectPipeline;

		this._compilationPromises = compilationPromises;

		nodeFrame.renderId ++;

		//

		nodeFrame.update();

		//

		renderContext.depth = this.depth;
		renderContext.stencil = this.stencil;

		if ( ! renderContext.clippingContext ) renderContext.clippingContext = new ClippingContext();
		renderContext.clippingContext.updateGlobal( sceneRef, camera );

		//

		if ( scene.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === true ) scene.updateMatrixWorld();

		camera = this._updateCamera( camera );

		//

		sceneRef.onBeforeRender( this, scene, camera, renderTarget );

		//

		_projScreenMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.projectionMatrix, camera.matrixWorldInverse );

		if ( camera.isArrayCamera ) {

			_frustumArray.setFromArrayCamera( camera );

		} else {

			_frustum.setFromProjectionMatrix( _projScreenMatrix, camera.coordinateSystem, camera.reversedDepth );

		}

		// Use sceneRef for render list to ensure lightsNode matches between compileAsync and render
		const renderList = this._renderLists.get( sceneRef, camera );
		renderList.begin();

		this._projectObject( scene, camera, 0, renderList, renderContext.clippingContext );

		// include lights from target scene
		if ( targetScene !== scene ) {

			targetScene.traverseVisible( function ( object ) {

				if ( object.isLight && object.layers.test( camera.layers ) ) {

					renderList.pushLight( object );

				}

			} );

		}

		renderList.finish();

		//

		if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

			this._textures.updateRenderTarget( renderTarget, activeMipmapLevel );

			const renderTargetData = this._textures.get( renderTarget );

			renderContext.textures = renderTargetData.textures;
			renderContext.depthTexture = renderTargetData.depthTexture;

		} else {

			renderContext.textures = null;
			renderContext.depthTexture = null;

		}

		//

		if ( targetScene !== scene ) {

			this._background.update( targetScene, renderList, renderContext );

		} else {

			this._background.update( sceneRef, renderList, renderContext );

		}

		// process render lists - _createObjectPipeline will push async promises to _compilationPromises

		const opaqueObjects = renderList.opaque;
		const transparentObjects = renderList.transparent;
		const transparentDoublePassObjects = renderList.transparentDoublePass;
		const lightsNode = renderList.lightsNode;

		if ( this.opaque === true && opaqueObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderObjects( opaqueObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );
		if ( this.transparent === true && transparentObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderTransparents( transparentObjects, transparentDoublePassObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );

		// restore render tree

		nodeFrame.renderId = previousRenderId;

		this._currentRenderContext = previousRenderContext;
		this._currentRenderObjectFunction = previousRenderObjectFunction;
		this._handleObjectFunction = previousHandleObjectFunction;
		this._compilationPromises = previousCompilationPromises;

		// Process compilation work items sequentially to avoid freezing
		// Yields between objects to keep animation smooth

		for ( const item of compilationPromises ) {

			const renderObject = this._objects.get( item.object, item.material, item.scene, item.camera, item.lightsNode, item.renderContext, item.clippingContext, item.passId );
			renderObject.drawRange = item.object.geometry.drawRange;
			renderObject.group = item.group;

			// Use async node building to yield to main thread
			await this._nodes.getForRenderAsync( renderObject );

			this._isPreCompiling = true; // note: no awaits are allowed when this flag is true otherwise the state leaks outside of this method
			this._nodes.updateBefore( renderObject );
			this._geometries.updateForRender( renderObject );
			this._nodes.updateForRender( renderObject );
			this._bindings.updateForRender( renderObject );
			this._isPreCompiling = false;

			// Wait for pipeline creation
			const pipelinePromises = [];
			this._pipelines.getForRender( renderObject, pipelinePromises );
			if ( pipelinePromises.length > 0 ) {

				await Promise.all( pipelinePromises );

			}

			this._isPreCompiling = true;
			this._nodes.updateAfter( renderObject );
			this._isPreCompiling = false;

			// Yield between objects to allow animation frames
			await yieldToMain();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the scene in an async fashion.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene or 3D object to render.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the render has been finished.
	 */
	async renderAsync( scene, camera ) {

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: "renderAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "render()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this.init();

		this.render( scene, camera );

	}

	/**
	 * Can be used to synchronize CPU operations with GPU tasks. So when this method is called,
	 * the CPU waits for the GPU to complete its operation (e.g. a compute task).
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when synchronization has been finished.
	 */
	async waitForGPU() {

		error( 'Renderer: waitForGPU() has been removed. Read https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/issues/32012 for more information.' );

	}

	//

	set inspector( value ) {

		if ( this._inspector !== null ) {

			this._inspector.setRenderer( null );

		}

		this._inspector = value;
		this._inspector.setRenderer( this );

	}

	/**
	 * The inspector instance. The inspector can be any class that extends from `InspectorBase`.
	 *
	 * @type {InspectorBase}
	 */
	get inspector() {

		return this._inspector;

	}

	/**
	 * Enables or disables high precision for model-view and normal-view matrices.
	 * When enabled, will use CPU 64-bit precision for higher precision instead of GPU 32-bit for higher performance.
	 *
	 * NOTE: 64-bit precision is not compatible with `InstancedMesh` and `SkinnedMesh`.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} value - Whether to enable or disable high precision.
	 * @type {boolean}
	 */
	set highPrecision( value ) {

		const contextNodeData = this.contextNode.value;

		if ( value === true ) {

			contextNodeData.modelViewMatrix = highpModelViewMatrix;
			contextNodeData.modelNormalViewMatrix = highpModelNormalViewMatrix;

		} else if ( this.highPrecision ) {

			delete contextNodeData.modelViewMatrix;
			delete contextNodeData.modelNormalViewMatrix;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether high precision is enabled or not.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether high precision is enabled or not.
	 * @type {boolean}
	 */
	get highPrecision() {

		const contextNodeData = this.contextNode.value;

		return contextNodeData.modelViewMatrix === highpModelViewMatrix && contextNodeData.modelNormalViewMatrix === highpModelNormalViewMatrix;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the given MRT configuration.
	 *
	 * @param {MRTNode} mrt - The MRT node to set.
	 * @return {Renderer} A reference to this renderer.
	 */
	setMRT( mrt ) {

		this._mrt = mrt;

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the MRT configuration.
	 *
	 * @return {MRTNode} The MRT configuration.
	 */
	getMRT() {

		return this._mrt;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the output buffer type.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The output buffer type.
	 */
	getOutputBufferType() {

		return this._outputBufferType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the output buffer type.
	 *
	 * @deprecated since r182. Use `.getOutputBufferType()` instead.
	 * @return {number} The output buffer type.
	 */
	getColorBufferType() { // @deprecated, r182

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: ".getColorBufferType()" has been renamed to ".getOutputBufferType()".' );

		return this.getOutputBufferType();

	}

	/**
	 * Default implementation of the device lost callback.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} info - Information about the context lost.
	 */
	_onDeviceLost( info ) {

		let errorMessage = `THREE.WebGPURenderer: ${info.api} Device Lost:\n\nMessage: ${info.message}`;

		if ( info.reason ) {

			errorMessage += `\nReason: ${info.reason}`;

		}

		error( errorMessage );

		this._isDeviceLost = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Default implementation of the uncaptured backend error callback.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} info - Information about the uncaptured error.
	 */
	_onError( info ) {

		let errorMessage = `WebGPURenderer: Uncaptured ${ info.api } ${ info.type }`;

		if ( info.message ) {

			errorMessage += `: ${ info.message }`;

		}

		error( errorMessage );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the cached GPU render bundle for the given bundle group is
	 * out-of-date and must be recorded again.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {BundleGroup} bundleGroup - The bundle group.
	 * @param {Object} renderBundleData - The backend data of the render bundle.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the cached render bundle needs an update.
	 */
	_bundleNeedsUpdate( bundleGroup, renderBundleData ) {

		return renderBundleData.bundleGPU === undefined || bundleGroup.version !== renderBundleData.version;

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the given render bundle.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} bundle - Render bundle data.
	 * @param {Scene} sceneRef - The scene the render bundle belongs to.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The lights node.
	 */
	_renderBundle( bundle, sceneRef, lightsNode ) {

		const { bundleGroup, camera, renderList } = bundle;

		const renderContext = this._currentRenderContext;

		//

		const renderBundle = this._bundles.get( bundleGroup, camera, renderContext );
		const renderBundleData = this.backend.get( renderBundle );
		const renderBundleNeedsUpdate = this._bundleNeedsUpdate( bundleGroup, renderBundleData );

		if ( renderBundleNeedsUpdate ) {

			this.backend.beginBundle( renderContext );

			this._currentRenderBundle = renderBundle;

			const {
				transparentDoublePass: transparentDoublePassObjects,
				transparent: transparentObjects,
				opaque: opaqueObjects
			} = renderList;

			if ( this.opaque === true && opaqueObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderObjects( opaqueObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );
			if ( this.transparent === true && transparentObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderTransparents( transparentObjects, transparentDoublePassObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );

			this._currentRenderBundle = null;

			//

			this.backend.finishBundle( renderContext, renderBundle );

			renderBundleData.version = bundleGroup.version;

		} else {

			const { renderObjects } = renderBundleData;

			for ( let i = 0, l = renderObjects.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

				const renderObject = renderObjects[ i ];

				if ( this._nodes.needsRefresh( renderObject ) ) {

					this._nodes.updateBefore( renderObject );

					this._geometries.updateForRender( renderObject );
					this._nodes.updateForRender( renderObject );
					this._bindings.updateForRender( renderObject );

					this._nodes.updateAfter( renderObject );

				}

			}

		}

		this.backend.addBundle( renderContext, renderBundle );

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the scene or 3D object with the given camera. This method can only be called
	 * if the renderer has been initialized. When using `render()` inside an animation loop,
	 * it's guaranteed the renderer will be initialized. The animation loop must be defined
	 * with {@link Renderer#setAnimationLoop} though.
	 *
	 * For all other use cases (like when using on-demand rendering), you must call
	 * {@link Renderer#init} before rendering.
	 *
	 * The target of the method is the default framebuffer (meaning the canvas)
	 * or alternatively a render target when specified via `setRenderTarget()`.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene or 3D object to render.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera to render the scene with.
	 */
	render( scene, camera ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .render() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before rendering.' );

		}

		this._renderScene( scene, camera );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the renderer has been initialized or not.
	 *
	 * @readonly
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the renderer has been initialized or not.
	 */
	get initialized() {

		return this._initialized;

	}

	_renderOutputLayers( quad, renderTarget ) {

		if ( renderTarget.texture.isArrayTexture !== true || renderTarget.texture.image.depth <= 1 ) {

			this._renderScene( quad, quad.camera, false );
			return;

		}

		const currentActiveCubeFace = this._activeCubeFace;

		try {

			for ( let layer = 0; layer < renderTarget.texture.image.depth; layer ++ ) {

				this._nodes.setOutputLayerIndex( layer );
				this._activeCubeFace = layer;

				this._renderScene( quad, quad.camera, false );

			}

		} finally {

			this._nodes.setOutputLayerIndex( 0 );
			this._activeCubeFace = currentActiveCubeFace;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an internal render target which is used when computing the output tone mapping
	 * and color space conversion. Unlike in `WebGLRenderer`, this is done in a separate render
	 * pass and not inline to achieve more correct results.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return {?RenderTarget} The render target. The method returns `null` if no output conversion should be applied.
	 */
	_getFrameBufferTarget() {

		const { currentToneMapping, currentColorSpace } = this;

		const useToneMapping = currentToneMapping !== NoToneMapping;
		const useColorSpace = currentColorSpace !== ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;

		if ( useToneMapping === false && useColorSpace === false ) return null;

		const { width, height } = this.getDrawingBufferSize( _drawingBufferSize );
		const { depth, stencil } = this;

		// TODO: Unify CanvasTarget and OutputRenderTarget
		const target = this._outputRenderTarget || this._canvasTarget;

		let frameBufferTarget = this._frameBufferTargets.get( target );

		if ( frameBufferTarget === undefined ) {

			frameBufferTarget = new RenderTarget( width, height, {
				depthBuffer: depth,
				stencilBuffer: stencil,
				type: this._outputBufferType,
				format: RGBAFormat,
				colorSpace: ColorManagement.workingColorSpace,
				generateMipmaps: false,
				minFilter: LinearFilter,
				magFilter: LinearFilter,
				samples: this.samples
			} );

			frameBufferTarget.isPostProcessingRenderTarget = true;

			const dispose = () => {

				target.removeEventListener( 'dispose', dispose );

				frameBufferTarget.dispose();

				this._frameBufferTargets.delete( target );

			};

			target.addEventListener( 'dispose', dispose );

			this._frameBufferTargets.set( target, frameBufferTarget );

		}

		const outputRenderTarget = this.getOutputRenderTarget();

		frameBufferTarget.depthBuffer = depth;
		frameBufferTarget.stencilBuffer = stencil;

		if ( outputRenderTarget !== null ) {

			frameBufferTarget.setSize( outputRenderTarget.width, outputRenderTarget.height, outputRenderTarget.depth );

		} else {

			frameBufferTarget.setSize( width, height, 1 );

		}

		// RenderTarget || CanvasTarget

		const viewport = this._outputRenderTarget ? this._outputRenderTarget.viewport : target._viewport;
		const scissor = this._outputRenderTarget ? this._outputRenderTarget.scissor : target._scissor;
		const pixelRatio = this._outputRenderTarget ? 1 : target._pixelRatio;
		const scissorTest = this._outputRenderTarget ? this._outputRenderTarget.scissorTest : target._scissorTest;

		frameBufferTarget.viewport.copy( viewport );
		frameBufferTarget.scissor.copy( scissor );
		frameBufferTarget.viewport.multiplyScalar( pixelRatio );
		frameBufferTarget.scissor.multiplyScalar( pixelRatio );
		frameBufferTarget.scissorTest = scissorTest;
		frameBufferTarget.multiview = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget.multiview : false;
		frameBufferTarget.useArrayDepthTexture = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget.useArrayDepthTexture : false;
		frameBufferTarget.resolveDepthBuffer = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget.resolveDepthBuffer : true;
		frameBufferTarget.resolveStencilBuffer = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget.resolveStencilBuffer : true;
		frameBufferTarget.storeMultisampledColorBuffer = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget.storeMultisampledColorBuffer : true;
		frameBufferTarget.storeMultisampledDepthBuffer = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget.storeMultisampledDepthBuffer : true;
		frameBufferTarget.storeMultisampledStencilBuffer = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget.storeMultisampledStencilBuffer : true;
		frameBufferTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer = outputRenderTarget !== null ? outputRenderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer : false;

		return frameBufferTarget;

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the scene or 3D object with the given camera.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene or 3D object to render.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera to render the scene with.
	 * @param {boolean} [useFrameBufferTarget=true] - Whether to use a framebuffer target or not.
	 * @return {RenderContext} The current render context.
	 */
	_renderScene( scene, camera, useFrameBufferTarget = true ) {

		if ( this._isDeviceLost === true ) return;

		if ( this.shadowMap.type === PCFSoftShadowMap ) {

			warn( 'WebGPURenderer: PCFSoftShadowMap has been removed. Using PCFShadowMap instead.' );

			this.shadowMap.type = PCFShadowMap;

		}

		//

		const frameBufferTarget = useFrameBufferTarget ? this._getFrameBufferTarget() : null;

		// preserve render tree

		const nodeFrame = this._nodes.nodeFrame;

		const previousRenderId = nodeFrame.renderId;
		const previousRenderContext = this._currentRenderContext;
		const previousRenderObjectFunction = this._currentRenderObjectFunction;
		const previousHandleObjectFunction = this._handleObjectFunction;

		this.lighting.beginRender( scene );

		//

		this._callDepth ++;

		const sceneRef = ( scene.isScene === true ) ? scene : _scene;

		const outputRenderTarget = this._renderTarget || this._outputRenderTarget;

		const activeCubeFace = this._activeCubeFace;
		const activeMipmapLevel = this._activeMipmapLevel;

		//

		let renderTarget;

		if ( frameBufferTarget !== null ) {

			renderTarget = frameBufferTarget;

			this.setRenderTarget( renderTarget );

		} else {

			renderTarget = outputRenderTarget;

		}

		// make sure a new render target has correct default depth values

		if ( renderTarget !== null && renderTarget.depthBuffer === true ) {

			const renderTargetData = this._textures.get( renderTarget );

			if ( renderTargetData.depthInitialized !== true ) {

				// we need a single manual clear if auto clear depth is disabled

				if ( this.autoClear === false || ( this.autoClear === true && this.autoClearDepth === false ) ) {

					this.clearDepth();

				}

				renderTargetData.depthInitialized = true;

			}

		}

		//

		const renderContext = this._renderContexts.get( renderTarget, this._mrt, this._callDepth );

		this._currentRenderContext = renderContext;
		this._currentRenderObjectFunction = this._renderObjectFunction || this.renderObject;
		this._handleObjectFunction = this._renderObjectDirect;

		//

		this.info.calls ++;
		this.info.render.calls ++;
		this.info.render.frameCalls ++;

		nodeFrame.renderId = this.info.calls;

		//

		this.backend.updateTimeStampUID( renderContext );

		this.inspector.beginRender( this.backend.getTimestampUID( renderContext ), scene, camera, renderTarget );

		//

		if ( scene.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === true ) scene.updateMatrixWorld();

		camera = this._updateCamera( camera );

		//

		const canvasTarget = this._canvasTarget;

		let viewport = canvasTarget._viewport;
		let scissor = canvasTarget._scissor;
		let pixelRatio = canvasTarget._pixelRatio;

		if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

			viewport = renderTarget.viewport;
			scissor = renderTarget.scissor;
			pixelRatio = 1;

		}

		this.getDrawingBufferSize( _drawingBufferSize );

		_screen.set( 0, 0, _drawingBufferSize.width, _drawingBufferSize.height );

		const minDepth = ( viewport.minDepth === undefined ) ? 0 : viewport.minDepth;
		const maxDepth = ( viewport.maxDepth === undefined ) ? 1 : viewport.maxDepth;

		renderContext.viewportValue.copy( viewport ).multiplyScalar( pixelRatio ).floor();
		renderContext.viewportValue.width >>= activeMipmapLevel;
		renderContext.viewportValue.height >>= activeMipmapLevel;
		renderContext.viewportValue.minDepth = minDepth;
		renderContext.viewportValue.maxDepth = maxDepth;
		renderContext.viewport = renderContext.viewportValue.equals( _screen ) === false;

		renderContext.scissorValue.copy( scissor ).multiplyScalar( pixelRatio ).floor();
		renderContext.scissor = canvasTarget._scissorTest && renderContext.scissorValue.equals( _screen ) === false;
		renderContext.scissorValue.width >>= activeMipmapLevel;
		renderContext.scissorValue.height >>= activeMipmapLevel;

		if ( ! renderContext.clippingContext ) renderContext.clippingContext = new ClippingContext();
		renderContext.clippingContext.updateGlobal( sceneRef, camera );

		//

		sceneRef.onBeforeRender( this, scene, camera, renderTarget );

		//

		_projScreenMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.projectionMatrix, camera.matrixWorldInverse );

		if ( camera.isArrayCamera ) {

			_frustumArray.setFromArrayCamera( camera );

		} else {

			_frustum.setFromProjectionMatrix( _projScreenMatrix, camera.coordinateSystem, camera.reversedDepth );

		}

		this._renderLists.update( nodeFrame.frameId );

		const renderList = this._renderLists.get( scene, camera );
		renderList.begin();

		this._projectObject( scene, camera, 0, renderList, renderContext.clippingContext );

		renderList.finish();

		if ( this.sortObjects === true ) {

			renderList.sort( this._opaqueSort, this._transparentSort );

		}

		//

		if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

			this._textures.updateRenderTarget( renderTarget, activeMipmapLevel );

			const renderTargetData = this._textures.get( renderTarget );

			renderContext.textures = renderTargetData.textures;
			renderContext.depthTexture = renderTargetData.depthTexture;
			renderContext.width = renderTargetData.width;
			renderContext.height = renderTargetData.height;
			renderContext.renderTarget = renderTarget;
			renderContext.depth = renderTarget.depthBuffer;
			renderContext.stencil = renderTarget.stencilBuffer;

		} else {

			renderContext.textures = null;
			renderContext.depthTexture = null;
			renderContext.width = _drawingBufferSize.width;
			renderContext.height = _drawingBufferSize.height;
			renderContext.depth = this.depth;
			renderContext.stencil = this.stencil;

		}

		renderContext.width >>= activeMipmapLevel;
		renderContext.height >>= activeMipmapLevel;
		renderContext.activeCubeFace = activeCubeFace;
		renderContext.activeMipmapLevel = activeMipmapLevel;
		renderContext.occlusionQueryCount = renderList.occlusionQueryCount;
		renderContext.fullscreenPass = scene.isQuadMesh === true;

		//

		renderContext.scissorValue.max( _vector4.set( 0, 0, 0, 0 ) );

		if ( renderContext.scissorValue.x + renderContext.scissorValue.width > renderContext.width ) {

			renderContext.scissorValue.width = Math.max( renderContext.width - renderContext.scissorValue.x, 0 );

		}

		if ( renderContext.scissorValue.y + renderContext.scissorValue.height > renderContext.height ) {

			renderContext.scissorValue.height = Math.max( renderContext.height - renderContext.scissorValue.y, 0 );

		}

		//

		this._background.update( sceneRef, renderList, renderContext );

		//

		renderContext.camera = camera;
		this.backend.beginRender( renderContext );

		// process render lists

		const {
			bundles,
			lightsNode,
			transparentDoublePass: transparentDoublePassObjects,
			transparent: transparentObjects,
			opaque: opaqueObjects
		} = renderList;

		if ( bundles.length > 0 ) this._renderBundles( bundles, sceneRef, lightsNode );
		if ( this.opaque === true && opaqueObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderObjects( opaqueObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );
		if ( this.transparent === true && transparentObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderTransparents( transparentObjects, transparentDoublePassObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );

		// finish render pass

		this.backend.finishRender( renderContext );

		// restore render tree

		nodeFrame.renderId = previousRenderId;
		this._currentRenderContext = previousRenderContext;
		this._currentRenderObjectFunction = previousRenderObjectFunction;
		this._handleObjectFunction = previousHandleObjectFunction;

		this.lighting.finishRender( scene );

		//

		this._callDepth --;

		if ( frameBufferTarget !== null ) {

			this.setRenderTarget( outputRenderTarget, activeCubeFace, activeMipmapLevel );

			this._renderOutput( renderTarget );

		}

		//

		sceneRef.onAfterRender( this, scene, camera, renderTarget );

		//

		this.inspector.finishRender( this.backend.getTimestampUID( renderContext ) );

		//

		return renderContext;

	}

	_setXRLayerSize( width, height ) {

		// TODO: Find a better solution to resize the canvas when in XR.

		this._canvasTarget._width = width;
		this._canvasTarget._height = height;

		this.setViewport( 0, 0, width, height );

	}

	/**
	 * The output pass performs tone mapping and color space conversion.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The current render target.
	 */
	_renderOutput( renderTarget ) {

		const cacheKey = this._nodes.getOutputCacheKey();

		let quadData = this._quadCache.get( renderTarget.texture );
		let quad;

		if ( quadData === undefined ) {

			quad = new QuadMesh( new NodeMaterial() );
			quad.name = 'Output Color Transform';
			quad.material.name = 'outputColorTransform';

			quad.material.fragmentNode = this._nodes.getOutputNode( renderTarget.texture );

			quadData = {
				quad,
				cacheKey
			};

			this._quadCache.set( renderTarget.texture, quadData );

			// dispose logic

			const dispose = () => {

				quad.material.dispose();

				this._quadCache.delete( renderTarget.texture );

				renderTarget.texture.removeEventListener( 'dispose', dispose );

			};

			renderTarget.texture.addEventListener( 'dispose', dispose );

		} else {

			quad = quadData.quad;

			if ( quadData.cacheKey !== cacheKey ) {

				quad.material.fragmentNode = this._nodes.getOutputNode( renderTarget.texture );
				quad.material.needsUpdate = true;

				quadData.cacheKey = cacheKey;

			}

		}

		// a clear operation clears the intermediate renderTarget texture, but should not update the screen canvas.

		const currentAutoClear = this.autoClear;
		const currentXR = this.xr.enabled;

		this.autoClear = false;
		this.xr.enabled = false;
		this._renderOutputLayers( quad, renderTarget );

		this.autoClear = currentAutoClear;
		this.xr.enabled = currentXR;


	}

	/**
	 * Returns the maximum available anisotropy for texture filtering.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The maximum available anisotropy.
	 */
	getMaxAnisotropy() {

		return this.backend.capabilities.getMaxAnisotropy();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the active cube face.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The active cube face.
	 */
	getActiveCubeFace() {

		return this._activeCubeFace;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the active mipmap level.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The active mipmap level.
	 */
	getActiveMipmapLevel() {

		return this._activeMipmapLevel;

	}

	/**
	 * Applications are advised to always define the animation loop
	 * with this method and not manually with `requestAnimationFrame()`
	 * for best compatibility.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {?onAnimationCallback} callback - The application's animation loop.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the set has been executed.
	 */
	async setAnimationLoop( callback ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) await this.init();

		this._animation.setAnimationLoop( callback );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current animation loop callback.
	 *
	 * @return {?Function} The current animation loop callback.
	 */
	getAnimationLoop() {

		return this._animation.getAnimationLoop();

	}

	/**
	 * Can be used to transfer buffer data from a storage buffer attribute
	 * from the GPU to the CPU in context of compute shaders.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The storage buffer attribute to read frm.
	 * @param {ReadbackBuffer|ArrayBuffer} target - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {number} offset - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {number} count - The offset from which to start reading the
	 * @return {Promise<ArrayBuffer|ReadbackBuffer>} A promise that resolves with the buffer data when the data are ready.
	 */
	async getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target = null, offset = 0, count = -1 ) {

		// tally the memory for this readback buffer
		if ( target !== null && target.isReadbackBuffer ) {

			if ( this.info.memoryMap.has( target ) === false ) {

				this.info.createReadbackBuffer( target );

				const disposeInfo = () => {

					target.removeEventListener( 'dispose', disposeInfo );

					this.info.destroyReadbackBuffer( target );

				};

				target.addEventListener( 'dispose', disposeInfo );

			}

		}

		if ( offset % 4 !== 0 || ( count > 0 && count % 4 !== 0 ) ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: "getArrayBufferAsync()" offset and count must be a multiple of 4.' );

		}

		return await this.backend.getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target, offset, count );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the rendering context.
	 *
	 * @return {GPUCanvasContext|WebGL2RenderingContext} The rendering context.
	 */
	getContext() {

		return this.backend.getContext();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the pixel ratio.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The pixel ratio.
	 */
	getPixelRatio() {

		return this._canvasTarget.getPixelRatio();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the drawing buffer size in physical pixels. This method honors the pixel ratio.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector2} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector2} The drawing buffer size.
	 */
	getDrawingBufferSize( target ) {

		return this._canvasTarget.getDrawingBufferSize( target );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the renderer's size in logical pixels. This method does not honor the pixel ratio.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector2} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector2} The renderer's size in logical pixels.
	 */
	getSize( target ) {

		return this._canvasTarget.getSize( target );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the given pixel ratio and resizes the canvas if necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [value=1] - The pixel ratio.
	 */
	setPixelRatio( value = 1 ) {

		this._canvasTarget.setPixelRatio( value );

	}

	/**
	 * This method allows to define the drawing buffer size by specifying
	 * width, height and pixel ratio all at once. The size of the drawing
	 * buffer is computed with this formula:
	 * ```js
	 * size.x = width * pixelRatio;
	 * size.y = height * pixelRatio;
	 * ```
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width in logical pixels.
	 * @param {number} height - The height in logical pixels.
	 * @param {number} pixelRatio - The pixel ratio.
	 */
	setDrawingBufferSize( width, height, pixelRatio ) {

		// Renderer can't be resized while presenting in XR.
		if ( this.xr && this.xr.isPresenting ) return;

		this._canvasTarget.setDrawingBufferSize( width, height, pixelRatio );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the size of the renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The width in logical pixels.
	 * @param {number} height - The height in logical pixels.
	 * @param {boolean} [updateStyle=true] - Whether to update the `style` attribute of the canvas or not.
	 */
	setSize( width, height, updateStyle = true ) {

		// Renderer can't be resized while presenting in XR.
		if ( this.xr && this.xr.isPresenting ) return;

		this._canvasTarget.setSize( width, height, updateStyle );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines a manual sort function for the opaque render list.
	 * Pass `null` to use the default sort.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} method - The sort function.
	 */
	setOpaqueSort( method ) {

		this._opaqueSort = method;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines a manual sort function for the transparent render list.
	 * Pass `null` to use the default sort.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} method - The sort function.
	 */
	setTransparentSort( method ) {

		this._transparentSort = method;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the scissor rectangle.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector4} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector4} The scissor rectangle.
	 */
	getScissor( target ) {

		return this._canvasTarget.getScissor( target );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the scissor rectangle.
	 *
	 * @param {number | Vector4} x - The horizontal coordinate for the upper left corner of the box in logical pixel unit.
	 * Instead of passing four arguments, the method also works with a single four-dimensional vector.
	 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the upper left corner of the box in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the scissor box in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the scissor box in logical pixel unit.
	 */
	setScissor( x, y, width, height ) {

		this._canvasTarget.setScissor( x, y, width, height );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the scissor test value.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
	 */
	getScissorTest() {

		return this._canvasTarget.getScissorTest();

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the scissor test.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} boolean - Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
	 */
	setScissorTest( boolean ) {

		this._canvasTarget.setScissorTest( boolean );

		// TODO: Move it to CanvasTarget event listener.

		this.backend.setScissorTest( boolean );

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the backend's internal state cache. Useful when the rendering context is shared with
	 * other libraries that change the state. A no-op for the WebGPU backend.
	 */
	resetState() {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .resetState() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		this.backend.resetState();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the viewport definition.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector4} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Vector4} The viewport definition.
	 */
	getViewport( target ) {

		return this._canvasTarget.getViewport( target );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the viewport.
	 *
	 * @param {number | Vector4} x - The horizontal coordinate for the upper left corner of the viewport origin in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the upper left corner of the viewport origin in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
	 * @param {number} minDepth - The minimum depth value of the viewport. WebGPU only.
	 * @param {number} maxDepth - The maximum depth value of the viewport. WebGPU only.
	 */
	setViewport( x, y, width, height, minDepth = 0, maxDepth = 1 ) {

		this._canvasTarget.setViewport( x, y, width, height, minDepth, maxDepth );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clear color.
	 *
	 * @param {Color} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
	 * @return {Color} The clear color.
	 */
	getClearColor( target ) {

		return target.copy( this._clearColor );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the clear color and optionally the clear alpha.
	 *
	 * @param {Color} color - The clear color.
	 * @param {number} [alpha=1] - The clear alpha.
	 */
	setClearColor( color, alpha = 1 ) {

		this._clearColor.set( color );
		this._clearColor.a = alpha;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clear alpha.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The clear alpha.
	 */
	getClearAlpha() {

		return this._clearColor.a;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the clear alpha.
	 *
	 * @param {number} alpha - The clear alpha.
	 */
	setClearAlpha( alpha ) {

		this._clearColor.a = alpha;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clear depth.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The clear depth.
	 */
	getClearDepth() {

		return ( this.reversedDepthBuffer === true ) ? 1 - this._clearDepth : this._clearDepth;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the clear depth.
	 *
	 * @param {number} depth - The clear depth.
	 */
	setClearDepth( depth ) {

		this._clearDepth = depth;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clear stencil.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The clear stencil.
	 */
	getClearStencil() {

		return this._clearStencil;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the clear stencil.
	 *
	 * @param {number} stencil - The clear stencil.
	 */
	setClearStencil( stencil ) {

		this._clearStencil = stencil;

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs an occlusion query for the given 3D object.
	 * It returns `true` if the given 3D object is fully occluded by other
	 * 3D objects in the scene.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the 3D object is fully occluded or not.
	 */
	isOccluded( object ) {

		const renderContext = this._currentRenderContext;

		return renderContext && this.backend.isOccluded( renderContext, object );

	}

	/**
	 * Performs a manual clear operation. This method ignores `autoClear` properties.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [color=true] - Whether the color buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the depth buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [stencil=true] - Whether the stencil buffer should be cleared or not.
	 */
	clear( color = true, depth = true, stencil = true ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .clear() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		const renderTarget = this._renderTarget || this._getFrameBufferTarget();

		let renderContext = null;

		if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

			this._textures.updateRenderTarget( renderTarget );

			const renderTargetData = this._textures.get( renderTarget );

			renderContext = this._renderContexts.get( renderTarget, null, -1 ); // using - 1 for the call depth to get a render context for the clear operation
			renderContext.textures = renderTargetData.textures;
			renderContext.depthTexture = renderTargetData.depthTexture;
			renderContext.width = renderTargetData.width;
			renderContext.height = renderTargetData.height;
			renderContext.renderTarget = renderTarget;
			renderContext.depth = renderTarget.depthBuffer;
			renderContext.stencil = renderTarget.stencilBuffer;
			// #30329
			const color = this.backend.getClearColor();
			renderContext.clearColorValue.r = color.r;
			renderContext.clearColorValue.g = color.g;
			renderContext.clearColorValue.b = color.b;
			renderContext.clearColorValue.a = color.a;
			renderContext.clearDepthValue = this.getClearDepth();
			renderContext.clearStencilValue = this.getClearStencil();
			renderContext.activeCubeFace = this.getActiveCubeFace();
			renderContext.activeMipmapLevel = this.getActiveMipmapLevel();

			if ( renderTarget.depthBuffer === true ) renderTargetData.depthInitialized = true;

		}

		this.backend.clear( color, depth, stencil, renderContext );

		if ( renderTarget !== null && this._renderTarget === null ) {

			this._renderOutput( renderTarget );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Performs a manual clear operation of the color buffer. This method ignores `autoClear` properties.
	 */
	clearColor() {

		this.clear( true, false, false );

	}

	/**
	 * Performs a manual clear operation of the depth buffer. This method ignores `autoClear` properties.
	 */
	clearDepth() {

		this.clear( false, true, false );

	}

	/**
	 * Performs a manual clear operation of the stencil buffer. This method ignores `autoClear` properties.
	 */
	clearStencil() {

		this.clear( false, false, true );

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of {@link Renderer#clear}.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {boolean} [color=true] - Whether the color buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the depth buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [stencil=true] - Whether the stencil buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the clear operation has been executed.
	 */
	async clearAsync( color = true, depth = true, stencil = true ) {

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: "clearAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "clear()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this.init();

		this.clear( color, depth, stencil );

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of {@link Renderer#clearColor}.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the clear operation has been executed.
	 */
	async clearColorAsync() {

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: "clearColorAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "clearColor()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		this.clear( true, false, false );

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of {@link Renderer#clearDepth}.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the clear operation has been executed.
	 */
	async clearDepthAsync() {

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: "clearDepthAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "clearDepth()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		this.clear( false, true, false );

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of {@link Renderer#clearStencil}.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the clear operation has been executed.
	 */
	async clearStencilAsync() {

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: "clearStencilAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "clearStencil()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		this.clear( false, false, true );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if a framebuffer target is needed to perform tone mapping or color space conversion.
	 * If this is the case, the renderer allocates an internal render target for that purpose.
	 *
	 */
	get needsFrameBufferTarget() {

		const useToneMapping = this.currentToneMapping !== NoToneMapping;
		const useColorSpace = this.currentColorSpace !== ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;

		return useToneMapping || useColorSpace;

	}

	/**
	 * The number of samples used for multi-sample anti-aliasing (MSAA).
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 * @default 0
	 */
	get samples() {

		return this._samples;

	}

	/**
	 * The current number of samples used for multi-sample anti-aliasing (MSAA).
	 *
	 * When rendering to a custom render target, the number of samples of that render target is used.
	 * The number of samples is set to 0 when the renderer needs an internal framebuffer target for
	 * tone mapping or color space conversion, or when rendering a fullscreen quad to screen.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 */
	get currentSamples() {

		let samples = this._samples;

		if ( this._renderTarget !== null ) {

			samples = this._renderTarget.samples;

		} else if ( this.needsFrameBufferTarget || this._currentRenderContext?.fullscreenPass === true ) {

			samples = 0;

		}

		return samples;

	}

	/**
	 * The current tone mapping of the renderer. When not producing screen output,
	 * the tone mapping is always `NoToneMapping`.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 */
	get currentToneMapping() {

		return this.isOutputTarget ? this.toneMapping : NoToneMapping;

	}

	/**
	 * The current color space of the renderer. When not producing screen output,
	 * the color space is always the working color space.
	 *
	 * @type {string}
	 */
	get currentColorSpace() {

		return this.isOutputTarget ? this.outputColorSpace : ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the rendering settings are set to screen output.
	 *
	 * @returns {boolean} True if the current render target is the same of output render target or `null`, otherwise false.
	 */
	get isOutputTarget() {

		return this._renderTarget === this._outputRenderTarget || this._renderTarget === null;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees all internal resources of the renderer. Call this method if the renderer
	 * is no longer in use by your app.
	 */
	dispose() {

		if ( this._initialized === true ) {

			this.info.dispose();
			this.backend.dispose();

			this._animation.dispose();
			this._objects.dispose();
			this._geometries.dispose();
			this._pipelines.dispose();
			this._nodes.dispose();
			this._bindings.dispose();
			this._renderLists.dispose();
			this._renderContexts.dispose();
			this._textures.dispose();

			for ( const canvasTarget of this._frameBufferTargets.keys() ) {

				canvasTarget.dispose();

			}

			Object.values( this.backend.timestampQueryPool ).forEach( queryPool => {

				if ( queryPool !== null ) queryPool.dispose();

			} );

		}

		this.setRenderTarget( null );
		this.setAnimationLoop( null );

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the given render target. Calling this method means the renderer does not
	 * target the default framebuffer (meaning the canvas) anymore but a custom framebuffer.
	 * Use `null` as the first argument to reset the state.
	 *
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to set.
	 * @param {number} [activeCubeFace=0] - The active cube face.
	 * @param {number} [activeMipmapLevel=0] - The active mipmap level.
	 */
	setRenderTarget( renderTarget, activeCubeFace = 0, activeMipmapLevel = 0 ) {

		this._renderTarget = renderTarget;
		this._activeCubeFace = activeCubeFace;
		this._activeMipmapLevel = activeMipmapLevel;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current render target.
	 *
	 * @return {?RenderTarget} The render target. Returns `null` if no render target is set.
	 */
	getRenderTarget() {

		return this._renderTarget;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the output render target for the renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {?RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to set as the output target.
	 */
	setOutputRenderTarget( renderTarget ) {

		this._outputRenderTarget = renderTarget;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current output target.
	 *
	 * @return {?RenderTarget} The current output render target. Returns `null` if no output target is set.
	 */
	getOutputRenderTarget() {

		return this._outputRenderTarget;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the canvas target. The canvas target manages the HTML canvas
	 * or the offscreen canvas the renderer draws into.
	 *
	 * @param {CanvasTarget} canvasTarget - The canvas target.
	 */
	setCanvasTarget( canvasTarget ) {

		this._canvasTarget.removeEventListener( 'resize', this._onCanvasTargetResize );

		this._canvasTarget = canvasTarget;
		this._canvasTarget.addEventListener( 'resize', this._onCanvasTargetResize );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current canvas target.
	 *
	 * @return {CanvasTarget} The current canvas target.
	 */
	getCanvasTarget() {

		return this._canvasTarget;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the renderer to the initial state before WebXR started.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_resetXRState() {

		this.backend.setXRTarget( null );
		this.setOutputRenderTarget( null );
		this.setRenderTarget( null );

		for ( const canvasTarget of this._frameBufferTargets.keys() ) {

			canvasTarget.dispose();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Callback for {@link Renderer#setRenderObjectFunction}.
	 *
	 * @callback renderObjectFunction
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the 3D object belongs to.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the object should be rendered with.
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The object's geometry.
	 * @param {Material} material - The object's material.
	 * @param {?Object} group - Only relevant for objects using multiple materials. This represents a group entry from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The clipping context.
	 * @param {?string} [passId=null] - An optional ID for identifying the pass.
	 */

	/**
	 * Sets the given render object function. Calling this method overwrites the default implementation
	 * which is {@link Renderer#renderObject}. Defining a custom function can be useful
	 * if you want to modify the way objects are rendered. For example you can define things like "every
	 * object that has material of a certain type should perform a pre-pass with a special overwrite material".
	 * The custom function must always call `renderObject()` in its implementation.
	 *
	 * Use `null` as the first argument to reset the state.
	 *
	 * @param {?renderObjectFunction} renderObjectFunction - The render object function.
	 */
	setRenderObjectFunction( renderObjectFunction ) {

		this._renderObjectFunction = renderObjectFunction;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current render object function.
	 *
	 * @return {?Function} The current render object function. Returns `null` if no function is set.
	 */
	getRenderObjectFunction() {

		return this._renderObjectFunction;

	}

	/**
	 * Execute a single or an array of compute nodes. This method can only be called
	 * if the renderer has been initialized.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeNodes - The compute node(s).
	 * @param {number|Array<number>|IndirectStorageBufferAttribute} [dispatchSize=null]
	 * - A single number representing count, or
	 * - An array [x, y, z] representing dispatch size, or
	 * - A IndirectStorageBufferAttribute for indirect dispatch size.
	 * @return {Promise|undefined} A Promise that resolve when the compute has finished. Only returned when the renderer has not been initialized.
	 */
	compute( computeNodes, dispatchSize = null ) {

		if ( this._isDeviceLost === true ) return;

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			warn( 'Renderer: .compute() called before the backend is initialized. Try using .computeAsync() instead.' );

			return this.computeAsync( computeNodes, dispatchSize );

		}

		//

		const nodeFrame = this._nodes.nodeFrame;

		const previousRenderId = nodeFrame.renderId;

		//

		this.info.calls ++;
		this.info.compute.calls ++;
		this.info.compute.frameCalls ++;

		nodeFrame.renderId = this.info.calls;

		//

		this.backend.updateTimeStampUID( computeNodes );

		this.inspector.beginCompute( this.backend.getTimestampUID( computeNodes ), computeNodes );

		//

		const backend = this.backend;
		const pipelines = this._pipelines;
		const bindings = this._bindings;
		const nodes = this._nodes;

		const computeList = Array.isArray( computeNodes ) ? computeNodes : [ computeNodes ];

		if ( computeList[ 0 ] === undefined || computeList[ 0 ].isComputeNode !== true ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .compute() expects a ComputeNode.' );

		}

		backend.beginCompute( computeNodes );

		for ( const computeNode of computeList ) {

			// onInit

			if ( pipelines.has( computeNode ) === false ) {

				const dispose = () => {

					computeNode.removeEventListener( 'dispose', dispose );

					pipelines.delete( computeNode );
					bindings.deleteForCompute( computeNode );
					nodes.delete( computeNode );

				};

				computeNode.addEventListener( 'dispose', dispose );

				//

				const onInitFn = computeNode.onInitFunction;

				if ( onInitFn !== null ) {

					onInitFn.call( computeNode, { renderer: this } );

				}

			}

			nodes.updateForCompute( computeNode );
			bindings.updateForCompute( computeNode );

			const computeBindings = bindings.getForCompute( computeNode );
			const computePipeline = pipelines.getForCompute( computeNode, computeBindings );

			backend.compute( computeNodes, computeNode, computeBindings, computePipeline, dispatchSize );

		}

		backend.finishCompute( computeNodes );

		//

		nodeFrame.renderId = previousRenderId;

		//

		this.inspector.finishCompute( this.backend.getTimestampUID( computeNodes ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Execute a single or an array of compute nodes.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeNodes - The compute node(s).
	 * @param {number|Array<number>|IndirectStorageBufferAttribute} [dispatchSize=null]
	 * - A single number representing count, or
	 * - An array [x, y, z] representing dispatch size, or
	 * - A IndirectStorageBufferAttribute for indirect dispatch size.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolve when the compute has finished.
	 */
	async computeAsync( computeNodes, dispatchSize = null ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) await this.init();

		this.compute( computeNodes, dispatchSize );

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given feature is supported by the selected backend.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {string} name - The feature's name.
	 * @return {Promise<boolean>} A Promise that resolves with a bool that indicates whether the feature is supported or not.
	 */
	async hasFeatureAsync( name ) {

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: "hasFeatureAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "hasFeature()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this.init();

		return this.hasFeature( name );

	}

	async resolveTimestampsAsync( type = 'render' ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) await this.init();

		return this.backend.resolveTimestampsAsync( type );

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given feature is supported by the selected backend. If the
	 * renderer has not been initialized, this method always returns `false`.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The feature's name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the feature is supported or not.
	 */
	hasFeature( name ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .hasFeature() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		return this.backend.hasFeature( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` when the renderer has been initialized.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the renderer has been initialized or not.
	 */
	hasInitialized() {

		return this._initialized;

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the given textures. Useful for preloading a texture rather than waiting until first render
	 * (which can cause noticeable lags due to decode and GPU upload overhead).
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the texture has been initialized.
	 */
	async initTextureAsync( texture ) {

		warnOnce( 'Renderer: "initTextureAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "initTexture()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this.init();

		this.initTexture( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the given texture. Useful for preloading a texture rather than waiting until first render
	 * (which can cause noticeable lags due to decode and GPU upload overhead).
	 *
	 * This method can only be used if the renderer has been initialized.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 */
	initTexture( texture ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .initTexture() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		this._textures.updateTexture( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the given render target.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to intialize.
	 */
	initRenderTarget( renderTarget ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .initRenderTarget() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		this._textures.updateRenderTarget( renderTarget );

		const renderTargetData = this._textures.get( renderTarget );

		const renderContext = this._renderContexts.get( renderTarget );

		renderContext.textures = renderTargetData.textures;
		renderContext.depthTexture = renderTargetData.depthTexture;
		renderContext.width = renderTargetData.width;
		renderContext.height = renderTargetData.height;
		renderContext.renderTarget = renderTarget;
		renderContext.depth = renderTarget.depthBuffer;
		renderContext.stencil = renderTarget.stencilBuffer;

		this.backend.initRenderTarget( renderContext );

	}

	/**
	 * Copies the current bound framebuffer into the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {FramebufferTexture} framebufferTexture - The texture.
	 * @param {?(Vector2|Vector4)} [rectangle=null] - A two or four dimensional vector that defines the rectangular portion of the framebuffer that should be copied.
	 */
	copyFramebufferToTexture( framebufferTexture, rectangle = null ) {

		if ( rectangle !== null ) {

			if ( rectangle.isVector2 ) {

				rectangle = _vector4.set( rectangle.x, rectangle.y, framebufferTexture.image.width, framebufferTexture.image.height ).floor();

			} else if ( rectangle.isVector4 ) {

				rectangle = _vector4.copy( rectangle ).floor();

			} else {

				error( 'Renderer.copyFramebufferToTexture: Invalid rectangle.' );

				return;

			}

		} else {

			rectangle = _vector4.set( 0, 0, framebufferTexture.image.width, framebufferTexture.image.height );

		}

		//

		let renderContext = this._currentRenderContext;
		let renderTarget;

		if ( renderContext !== null ) {

			renderTarget = renderContext.renderTarget;

		} else {

			renderTarget = this._renderTarget || this._getFrameBufferTarget();

			if ( renderTarget !== null ) {

				this._textures.updateRenderTarget( renderTarget );

				renderContext = this._textures.get( renderTarget );

			}

		}

		//

		this._textures.updateTexture( framebufferTexture, { renderTarget } );

		this.backend.copyFramebufferToTexture( framebufferTexture, renderContext, rectangle );

		this._inspector.copyFramebufferToTexture( framebufferTexture );

	}

	/**
	 * Copies data of the given source texture into a destination texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} srcTexture - The source texture.
	 * @param {Texture} dstTexture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {Box2|Box3} [srcRegion=null] - A bounding box which describes the source region. Can be two or three-dimensional.
	 * @param {Vector2|Vector3} [dstPosition=null] - A vector that represents the origin of the destination region. Can be two or three-dimensional.
	 * @param {number} [srcLevel=0] - The source mip level to copy from.
	 * @param {number} [dstLevel=0] - The destination mip level to copy to.
	 */
	copyTextureToTexture( srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion = null, dstPosition = null, srcLevel = 0, dstLevel = 0 ) {

		this._textures.updateTexture( srcTexture );
		this._textures.updateTexture( dstTexture );

		this.backend.copyTextureToTexture( srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion, dstPosition, srcLevel, dstLevel );

		this._inspector.copyTextureToTexture( srcTexture, dstTexture );

	}

	/**
	 * Reads pixel data from the given render target.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to read from.
	 * @param {number} x - The `x` coordinate of the copy region's origin.
	 * @param {number} y - The `y` coordinate of the copy region's origin.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy region.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy region.
	 * @param {number} [textureIndex=0] - The texture index of a MRT render target.
	 * @param {number} [faceIndex=0] - The active cube face index.
	 * @return {Promise<TypedArray>} A Promise that resolves when the read has been finished. The resolve provides the read data as a typed array.
	 */
	async readRenderTargetPixelsAsync( renderTarget, x, y, width, height, textureIndex = 0, faceIndex = 0 ) {

		return this.backend.copyTextureToBuffer( renderTarget.textures[ textureIndex ], x, y, width, height, faceIndex );

	}

	/**
	 * Analyzes the given 3D object's hierarchy and builds render lists from the
	 * processed hierarchy.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object to process (usually a scene).
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the object is rendered with.
	 * @param {number} groupOrder - The group order is derived from the `renderOrder` of groups and is used to group 3D objects within groups.
	 * @param {RenderList} renderList - The current render list.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The current clipping context.
	 */
	_projectObject( object, camera, groupOrder, renderList, clippingContext ) {

		if ( object.visible === false ) return;

		const visible = object.layers.test( camera.layers );

		if ( visible ) {

			if ( object.isGroup ) {

				groupOrder = object.renderOrder;

				if ( object.isClippingGroup && object.enabled ) clippingContext = clippingContext.getGroupContext( object );

			} else if ( object.isLOD ) {

				if ( object.autoUpdate === true ) object.update( camera );

			} else if ( object.isLight ) {

				renderList.pushLight( object );

			} else if ( object.isSprite ) {

				const frustum = camera.isArrayCamera ? _frustumArray : _frustum;

				if ( ! object.frustumCulled || frustum.intersectsSprite( object ) ) {

					if ( this.sortObjects === true ) {

						_vector4.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld ).applyMatrix4( _projScreenMatrix );

					}

					const { geometry, material } = object;

					if ( material.visible ) {

						renderList.push( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, _vector4.z, null, clippingContext );

					}

				}

			} else if ( object.isLineLoop ) {

				error( 'Renderer: Objects of type THREE.LineLoop are not supported. Please use THREE.Line or THREE.LineSegments.' );

			} else if ( object.isMesh || object.isLine || object.isPoints ) {

				const frustum = camera.isArrayCamera ? _frustumArray : _frustum;

				if ( ! object.frustumCulled || frustum.intersectsObject( object ) ) {

					const { geometry, material } = object;

					if ( this.sortObjects === true ) {

						if ( geometry.boundingSphere === null ) geometry.computeBoundingSphere();

						_vector4
							.copy( geometry.boundingSphere.center )
							.applyMatrix4( object.matrixWorld )
							.applyMatrix4( _projScreenMatrix );

					}

					if ( Array.isArray( material ) ) {

						const groups = geometry.groups;

						for ( let i = 0, l = groups.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

							const group = groups[ i ];
							const groupMaterial = material[ group.materialIndex ];

							if ( groupMaterial && groupMaterial.visible ) {

								renderList.push( object, geometry, groupMaterial, groupOrder, _vector4.z, group, clippingContext );

							}

						}

					} else if ( material.visible ) {

						renderList.push( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, _vector4.z, null, clippingContext );

					}

				}

			}

		}

		if ( object.isBundleGroup === true && this.backend.beginBundle !== undefined ) {

			const baseRenderList = renderList;

			// replace render list

			renderList = this._renderLists.get( object, camera );

			const renderBundle = this._bundles.get( object, camera, this._currentRenderContext );
			const renderBundleData = this.backend.get( renderBundle );
			const renderBundleNeedsUpdate = this._bundleNeedsUpdate( object, renderBundleData );

			if ( renderBundleNeedsUpdate ) {

				// update render list if necessary

				renderList.begin();

				if ( renderBundleData.renderObjects === undefined ) {

					renderBundleData.renderObjects = [];

				} else {

					renderBundleData.renderObjects.length = 0;

				}

				const children = object.children;

				for ( let i = 0, l = children.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

					this._projectObject( children[ i ], camera, groupOrder, renderList, clippingContext );

				}

				renderList.finish();

			}

			baseRenderList.pushBundle( {
				bundleGroup: object,
				camera,
				renderList,
			} );

			return;

		}

		//

		const children = object.children;

		for ( let i = 0, l = children.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			this._projectObject( children[ i ], camera, groupOrder, renderList, clippingContext );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the given render bundles.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<Object>} bundles - Array with render bundle data.
	 * @param {Scene} sceneRef - The scene the render bundles belong to.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
	 */
	_renderBundles( bundles, sceneRef, lightsNode ) {

		for ( const bundle of bundles ) {

			this._renderBundle( bundle, sceneRef, lightsNode );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the transparent objects from the given render lists.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<Object>} renderList - The transparent render list.
	 * @param {Array<Object>} doublePassList - The list of transparent objects which require a double pass (e.g. because of transmission).
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the render list should be rendered with.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the render list belongs to.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
	 */
	_renderTransparents( renderList, doublePassList, camera, scene, lightsNode ) {

		if ( doublePassList.length > 0 ) {

			// render back side

			for ( const { material } of doublePassList ) {

				material.side = BackSide;

			}

			this._renderObjects( doublePassList, camera, scene, lightsNode, 'backSide' );

			// render front side

			for ( const { material } of doublePassList ) {

				material.side = FrontSide;

			}

			this._renderObjects( renderList, camera, scene, lightsNode );

			// restore

			for ( const { material } of doublePassList ) {

				material.side = DoubleSide;

			}

		} else {

			this._renderObjects( renderList, camera, scene, lightsNode );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Renders the objects from the given render list.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<Object>} renderList - The render list.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the render list should be rendered with.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the render list belongs to.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
	 * @param {?string} [passId=null] - An optional ID for identifying the pass.
	 */
	_renderObjects( renderList, camera, scene, lightsNode, passId = null ) {

		for ( let i = 0, il = renderList.length; i < il; i ++ ) {

			const { object, geometry, material, group, clippingContext } = renderList[ i ];

			this._currentRenderObjectFunction( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group, lightsNode, clippingContext, passId );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves shadow nodes for the given material. This is used to setup shadow passes.
	 * The result is cached per material and updated when the material's version changes.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Material} material
	 * @returns {Object} - The shadow nodes for the material.
	 */
	_getShadowNodes( material ) {

		const version = material.version;

		let cache = this._cacheShadowNodes.get( material );

		if ( cache === undefined || cache.version !== version ) {

			const hasMap = material.map && material.map.isTexture;
			const hasColorNode = material.colorNode && material.colorNode.isNode;
			const hasCastShadowNode = material.castShadowNode && material.castShadowNode.isNode;
			const hasMaskNode = ( material.maskShadowNode && material.maskShadowNode.isNode ) || ( material.maskNode && material.maskNode.isNode );

			let positionNode = null;
			let colorNode = null;
			let depthNode = null;

			if ( hasMap || hasColorNode || hasCastShadowNode || hasMaskNode ) {

				let shadowRGB;
				let shadowAlpha;

				if ( hasCastShadowNode ) {

					shadowRGB = material.castShadowNode.rgb;
					shadowAlpha = material.castShadowNode.a;

					if ( this.shadowMap.transmitted !== true ) {

						warnOnce( 'Renderer: `shadowMap.transmitted` needs to be set to `true` when using `material.castShadowNode`.' );

					}

				} else {

					shadowRGB = vec3( 0 );
					shadowAlpha = float( 1 );

				}

				if ( hasMap ) {

					shadowAlpha = shadowAlpha.mul( reference( 'map', 'texture', material ).a );

				}

				if ( hasColorNode ) {

					shadowAlpha = shadowAlpha.mul( material.colorNode.a );

				}

				colorNode = vec4( shadowRGB, shadowAlpha );

				if ( hasMaskNode ) {

					const maskNode = material.maskShadowNode || material.maskNode;

					colorNode = Fn( ( [ color ] ) => {

						maskNode.not().discard();

						return color;

					} )( colorNode );

				}

			}

			if ( material.depthNode && material.depthNode.isNode ) {

				depthNode = material.depthNode;

			}

			if ( material.castShadowPositionNode && material.castShadowPositionNode.isNode ) {

				positionNode = material.castShadowPositionNode;

			} else if ( material.positionNode && material.positionNode.isNode ) {

				positionNode = material.positionNode;

			}

			cache = {
				version,
				colorNode,
				depthNode,
				positionNode
			};

			this._cacheShadowNodes.set( material, cache );

		}

		return cache;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the camera so it's prepared for rendering operations.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera to update.
	 * @return {Camera} The returned camera might be different depending on whether XR is used or not.
	 */
	_updateCamera( camera ) {

		const xr = this.xr;

		if ( xr.isPresenting === false ) {

			let projectionMatrixNeedsUpdate = false;

			// reversed depth

			if ( this.reversedDepthBuffer === true && camera.reversedDepth !== true ) {

				camera._reversedDepth = true;

				if ( camera.isArrayCamera ) {

					for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

						subCamera._reversedDepth = true;

					}

				}

				projectionMatrixNeedsUpdate = true;

			}

			// WebGPU/WebGL coordinate system

			const coordinateSystem = this.coordinateSystem;

			if ( camera.coordinateSystem !== coordinateSystem ) {

				camera.coordinateSystem = coordinateSystem;

				if ( camera.isArrayCamera ) {

					for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

						subCamera.coordinateSystem = coordinateSystem;

					}

				}

				projectionMatrixNeedsUpdate = true;

			}

			// camera update

			if ( projectionMatrixNeedsUpdate === true ) {

				camera.updateProjectionMatrix();

				if ( camera.isArrayCamera ) {

					for ( const subCamera of camera.cameras ) {

						subCamera.updateProjectionMatrix();

					}

				}

			}

		}

		if ( camera.parent === null && camera.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === true ) camera.updateMatrixWorld();

		// handle XR

		if ( xr.enabled === true && xr.isPresenting === true ) {

			if ( xr.cameraAutoUpdate === true ) xr.updateCamera( camera );
			camera = xr.getCamera(); // use XR camera for rendering

		}

		return camera;

	}

	/**
	 * This method represents the default render object function that manages the render lifecycle
	 * of the object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the 3D object belongs to.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the object should be rendered with.
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The object's geometry.
	 * @param {Material} material - The object's material.
	 * @param {?Object} group - Only relevant for objects using multiple materials. This represents a group entry from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
	 * @param {?ClippingContext} clippingContext - The clipping context.
	 * @param {?string} [passId=null] - An optional ID for identifying the pass.
	 */
	renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group, lightsNode, clippingContext = null, passId = null ) {

		let materialOverride = false;
		let materialColorNode;
		let materialDepthNode;
		let materialPositionNode;
		let materialSide;
		let materialDisplacementMap;
		let materialDisplacementScale;
		let materialDisplacementBias;

		const previousSourceMaterial = this._currentSourceMaterial;

		//

		object.onBeforeRender( this, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );

		//

		if ( material.allowOverride === true && scene.overrideMaterial !== null ) {

			this._currentSourceMaterial = material;

			const overrideMaterial = scene.overrideMaterial;

			materialOverride = true;

			// store original nodes
			materialColorNode = ( overrideMaterial.isNodeMaterial ) ? overrideMaterial.colorNode : null;
			materialDepthNode = ( overrideMaterial.isNodeMaterial ) ? overrideMaterial.depthNode : null;
			materialPositionNode = ( overrideMaterial.isNodeMaterial ) ? overrideMaterial.positionNode : null;
			materialSide = scene.overrideMaterial.side;
			materialDisplacementMap = overrideMaterial.displacementMap;
			materialDisplacementScale = overrideMaterial.displacementScale;
			materialDisplacementBias = overrideMaterial.displacementBias;

			if ( material.positionNode && material.positionNode.isNode ) {

				overrideMaterial.positionNode = material.positionNode;

			}

			overrideMaterial.alphaTest = material.alphaTest;
			overrideMaterial.alphaMap = material.alphaMap;
			overrideMaterial.displacementMap = material.displacementMap;
			overrideMaterial.displacementScale = material.displacementScale;
			overrideMaterial.displacementBias = material.displacementBias;
			overrideMaterial.transparent = material.transparent || material.transmission > 0 ||
				( material.transmissionNode && material.transmissionNode.isNode ) ||
				( material.backdropNode && material.backdropNode.isNode );

			if ( overrideMaterial.isShadowPassMaterial ) {

				const { colorNode, depthNode, positionNode } = this._getShadowNodes( material );

				if ( this.shadowMap.type === VSMShadowMap ) {

					overrideMaterial.side = ( material.shadowSide !== null ) ? material.shadowSide : material.side;

				} else {

					overrideMaterial.side = ( material.shadowSide !== null ) ? material.shadowSide : _shadowSide[ material.side ];

				}

				if ( colorNode !== null ) overrideMaterial.colorNode = colorNode;
				if ( depthNode !== null ) overrideMaterial.depthNode = depthNode;
				if ( positionNode !== null ) overrideMaterial.positionNode = positionNode;

			}

			material = overrideMaterial;

		}

		//

		if ( material.transparent === true && material.side === DoubleSide && material.forceSinglePass === false ) {

			material.side = BackSide;
			this._handleObjectFunction( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, group, clippingContext, 'backSide' ); // create backSide pass id

			material.side = FrontSide;
			this._handleObjectFunction( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, group, clippingContext, passId ); // use default pass id

			material.side = DoubleSide;

		} else {

			this._handleObjectFunction( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, group, clippingContext, passId );

		}

		//

		if ( materialOverride ) {

			scene.overrideMaterial.colorNode = materialColorNode;
			scene.overrideMaterial.depthNode = materialDepthNode;
			scene.overrideMaterial.positionNode = materialPositionNode;
			scene.overrideMaterial.side = materialSide;
			scene.overrideMaterial.displacementMap = materialDisplacementMap;
			scene.overrideMaterial.displacementScale = materialDisplacementScale;
			scene.overrideMaterial.displacementBias = materialDisplacementBias;

		}

		this._currentSourceMaterial = previousSourceMaterial;

		//

		object.onAfterRender( this, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given compatibility is supported by the selected backend.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The compatibility's name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the compatibility is supported or not.
	 */
	hasCompatibility( name ) {

		if ( this._initialized === false ) {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.Renderer: .hasCompatibility() called before the backend is initialized. Use "await renderer.init();" before using this method.' );

		}

		return this.backend.hasCompatibility( name );

	}

	/**
	 * This method represents the default `_handleObjectFunction` implementation which creates
	 * a render object from the given data and performs the draw command with the selected backend.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Material} material - The object's material.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the 3D object belongs to.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the object should be rendered with.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
	 * @param {?{start: number, count: number}} group - Only relevant for objects using multiple materials. This represents a group entry from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The clipping context.
	 * @param {string} [passId] - An optional ID for identifying the pass.
	 */
	_renderObjectDirect( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, group, clippingContext, passId ) {

		const renderObject = this._objects.get( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, this._currentRenderContext, clippingContext, passId );
		renderObject.drawRange = object.geometry.drawRange;
		renderObject.group = group;

		if ( this._currentRenderBundle !== null ) {

			const renderBundleData = this.backend.get( this._currentRenderBundle );

			renderBundleData.renderObjects.push( renderObject );

			renderObject.bundle = this._currentRenderBundle.bundleGroup;

		}

		//

		const needsRefresh = this._nodes.needsRefresh( renderObject );

		if ( needsRefresh ) {

			this._nodes.updateBefore( renderObject );

			this._geometries.updateForRender( renderObject );

			this._nodes.updateForRender( renderObject );
			this._bindings.updateForRender( renderObject );

		}

		this._pipelines.updateForRender( renderObject );

		//

		if ( this._pipelines.isReady( renderObject ) ) {

			this.backend.draw( renderObject, this.info );

			if ( needsRefresh ) this._nodes.updateAfter( renderObject );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * A different implementation for `_handleObjectFunction` which only makes sure the object is ready for rendering.
	 * Used in `compileAsync()`.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Material} material - The object's material.
	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene the 3D object belongs to.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera the object should be rendered with.
	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
	 * @param {?{start: number, count: number}} group - Only relevant for objects using multiple materials. This represents a group entry from the respective `BufferGeometry`.
	 * @param {ClippingContext} clippingContext - The clipping context.
	 * @param {string} [passId] - An optional ID for identifying the pass.
	 */
	_createObjectPipeline( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, group, clippingContext, passId ) {

		// If in async compilation mode, queue the work for sequential execution
		if ( this._compilationPromises !== null ) {

			// Store work items instead of promises - will be processed sequentially
			this._compilationPromises.push( {
				object,
				material,
				scene,
				camera,
				lightsNode,
				group,
				clippingContext,
				passId,
				renderContext: this._currentRenderContext
			} );

			return;

		}

		// Sync path
		const renderObject = this._objects.get( object, material, scene, camera, lightsNode, this._currentRenderContext, clippingContext, passId );
		renderObject.drawRange = object.geometry.drawRange;
		renderObject.group = group;

		//

		this._nodes.updateBefore( renderObject );

		this._geometries.updateForRender( renderObject );

		this._nodes.updateForRender( renderObject );
		this._bindings.updateForRender( renderObject );

		this._pipelines.getForRender( renderObject, this._compilationPromises );

		this._nodes.updateAfter( renderObject );

	}

	/**
	 * Callback when the canvas has been resized.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_onCanvasTargetResize() {

		if ( this._initialized ) this.backend.updateSize();

	}

	/**
	 * Alias for `compileAsync()`.
	 *
	 * @method
	 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene or 3D object to precompile.
	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera that is used to render the scene.
	 * @param {Scene} targetScene - If the first argument is a 3D object, this parameter must represent the scene the 3D object is going to be added.
	 * @return {function(Object3D, Camera, ?Scene): Promise|undefined} A Promise that resolves when the compile has been finished.
	 */
	get compile() {

		return this.compileAsync;

	}

}

/**
 * A binding represents the connection between a resource (like a texture, sampler
 * or uniform buffer) and the resource definition in a shader stage.
 *
 * This module is an abstract base class for all concrete bindings types.
 *
 * @abstract
 * @private
 */
class Binding {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new binding.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [name=''] - The binding's name.
	 */
	constructor( name = '' ) {

		/**
		 * The binding's name.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = name;

		/**
		 * A bitmask that defines in what shader stages the
		 * binding's resource is accessible.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.visibility = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Makes sure binding's resource is visible for the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {number} visibility - The shader stage.
	 */
	setVisibility( visibility ) {

		this.visibility |= visibility;

	}

	/**
	 * The shader stages in which the binding's resource is visible.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The visibility bitmask.
	 */
	getVisibility() {

		return this.visibility;

	}

	/**
	 * Clones the binding.
	 *
	 * @return {Binding} The cloned binding.
	 */
	clone() {

		return Object.assign( new this.constructor(), this );

	}

}

/**
 * This function is usually called with the length in bytes of an array buffer.
 * It returns an padded value which ensure chunk size alignment according to STD140 layout.
 *
 * @function
 * @param {number} floatLength - The buffer length.
 * @return {number} The padded length.
 */
function getFloatLength( floatLength ) {

	// ensure chunk size alignment (STD140 layout)

	return floatLength + ( ( GPU_CHUNK_BYTES - ( floatLength % GPU_CHUNK_BYTES ) ) % GPU_CHUNK_BYTES );

}

/**
 * Represents a buffer binding type.
 *
 * @private
 * @abstract
 * @augments Binding
 */
class Buffer extends Binding {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The buffer's name.
	 * @param {TypedArray} [buffer=null] - The buffer.
	 */
	constructor( name, buffer = null ) {

		super( name );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBuffer = true;

		/**
		 * The bytes per element.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.bytesPerElement = Float32Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

		/**
		 * A reference to the internal buffer.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {TypedArray}
		 */
		this._buffer = buffer;

		/**
		 * An array of update ranges.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Array<{start: number, count: number}>}
		 */
		this._updateRanges = [];

	}

	/**
	 * The array of update ranges.
	 *
	 * @type {Array<{start: number, count: number}>}
	 */
	get updateRanges() {

		return this._updateRanges;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds an update range.
	 *
	 * @param {number} start - The start index.
	 * @param {number} count - The number of elements.
	 */
	addUpdateRange( start, count ) {

		this.updateRanges.push( { start, count } );

	}

	/**
	 * Clears all update ranges.
	 */
	clearUpdateRanges() {

		this.updateRanges.length = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * The buffer's byte length.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get byteLength() {

		return getFloatLength( this._buffer.byteLength );

	}

	/**
	 * A reference to the internal buffer.
	 *
	 * @type {Float32Array}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get buffer() {

		return this._buffer;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the binding.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the buffer has been updated and must be
	 * uploaded to the GPU.
	 */
	update() {

		return true;

	}

	/**
	 * Releases the buffer.
	 */
	release() {

		this._buffer = null;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a uniform buffer binding type.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Buffer
 */
class UniformBuffer extends Buffer {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The buffer's name.
	 * @param {TypedArray} [buffer=null] - The buffer.
	 */
	constructor( name, buffer = null ) {

		super( name, buffer );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isUniformBuffer = true;

	}

}

let _id$4 = 0;

/**
 * A special form of uniform buffer binding type.
 * It's buffer value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments UniformBuffer
 */
class NodeUniformBuffer extends UniformBuffer {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferNode} nodeUniform - The uniform buffer node.
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} groupNode - The uniform group node.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform, groupNode ) {

		super( 'UniformBuffer_' + _id$4 ++, nodeUniform ? nodeUniform.value : null );

		/**
		 * The uniform buffer node.
		 *
		 * @type {BufferNode}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

		/**
		 * The uniform group node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 */
		this.groupNode = groupNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNodeUniformBuffer = true;

	}

	/**
	 * The array of update ranges.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<{start: number, count: number}>} value - The update ranges.
	 */
	set updateRanges( value ) {

		this.nodeUniform.updateRanges = value;

	}

	/**
	 * The array of update ranges.
	 *
	 * @type {Array<{start: number, count: number}>}
	 */
	get updateRanges() {

		return this.nodeUniform.updateRanges;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a range of data in the data array to be updated on the GPU.
	 *
	 * @param {number} start - Position at which to start update.
	 * @param {number} count - The number of components to update.
	 */
	addUpdateRange( start, count ) {

		this.nodeUniform.addUpdateRange( start, count );

	}

	/**
	 * Clears all update ranges.
	 */
	clearUpdateRanges() {

		this.nodeUniform.clearUpdateRanges();

	}

	/**
	 * The buffer's byte length.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get byteLength() {

		return getFloatLength( this.buffer.byteLength );

	}

	/**
	 * The uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @type {Float32Array}
	 */
	get buffer() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

}

/**
 * This class represents a uniform buffer binding but with
 * an API that allows to maintain individual uniform objects.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments UniformBuffer
 */
class UniformsGroup extends UniformBuffer {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new uniforms group.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The group's name.
	 */
	constructor( name ) {

		super( name );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isUniformsGroup = true;

		/**
		 * An array with the raw uniform values.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Array<number>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._values = null;

		/**
		 * An array of uniform objects.
		 *
		 * The order of uniforms in this array must match the order of uniforms in the shader.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Uniform>}
		 */
		this.uniforms = [];

		/**
		 * A cache for the uniform update ranges.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Map<number, {start: number, count: number}>}
		 */
		this._updateRangeCache = new Map();

		/**
		 * Uniform indices whose range has already been pushed into `updateRanges`
		 * during the current update cycle. Reset on `clearUpdateRanges()`.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Set<number>}
		 */
		this._addedIndices = new Set();

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a uniform's update range to this buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {Uniform} uniform - The uniform.
	 */
	addUniformUpdateRange( uniform ) {

		const index = uniform.index;

		if ( this._addedIndices.has( index ) ) return;

		let range = this._updateRangeCache.get( index );

		if ( range === undefined ) {

			range = { start: 0, count: 0 };
			this._updateRangeCache.set( index, range );

		}

		range.start = uniform.offset;
		range.count = uniform.itemSize;

		this._addedIndices.add( index );
		this.updateRanges.push( range );

	}

	/**
	 * Clears all update ranges of this buffer.
	 */
	clearUpdateRanges() {

		this._addedIndices.clear();

		super.clearUpdateRanges();

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a uniform to this group.
	 *
	 * @param {Uniform} uniform - The uniform to add.
	 * @return {UniformsGroup} A reference to this group.
	 */
	addUniform( uniform ) {

		this.uniforms.push( uniform );

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Removes a uniform from this group.
	 *
	 * @param {Uniform} uniform - The uniform to remove.
	 * @return {UniformsGroup} A reference to this group.
	 */
	removeUniform( uniform ) {

		const index = this.uniforms.indexOf( uniform );

		if ( index !== -1 ) {

			this.uniforms.splice( index, 1 );

		}

		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * An array with the raw uniform values.
	 *
	 * @type {Array<number>}
	 */
	get values() {

		if ( this._values === null ) {

			this._values = Array.from( this.buffer );

		}

		return this._values;

	}

	/**
	 * A Float32 array buffer with the uniform values.
	 *
	 * @type {Float32Array}
	 */
	get buffer() {

		let buffer = this._buffer;

		if ( buffer === null ) {

			const byteLength = this.byteLength;

			buffer = new Float32Array( new ArrayBuffer( byteLength ) );

			this._buffer = buffer;

		}

		return buffer;

	}

	/**
	 * The byte length of the buffer with correct buffer alignment.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 */
	get byteLength() {

		const bytesPerElement = this.bytesPerElement;

		let offset = 0; // global buffer offset in bytes

		for ( let i = 0, l = this.uniforms.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			const uniform = this.uniforms[ i ];

			const boundary = uniform.boundary;
			const itemSize = uniform.itemSize * bytesPerElement; // size of the uniform in bytes

			const chunkOffset = offset % GPU_CHUNK_BYTES; // offset in the current chunk
			const chunkPadding = chunkOffset % boundary; // required padding to match boundary
			const chunkStart = chunkOffset + chunkPadding; // start position in the current chunk for the data

			offset += chunkPadding;

			// Check for chunk overflow
			if ( chunkStart !== 0 && ( GPU_CHUNK_BYTES - chunkStart ) < itemSize ) {

				// Add padding to the end of the chunk
				offset += ( GPU_CHUNK_BYTES - chunkStart );

			}

			uniform.offset = offset / bytesPerElement;
			uniform.index = i;

			offset += itemSize;

		}

		return Math.ceil( offset / GPU_CHUNK_BYTES ) * GPU_CHUNK_BYTES;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates this group by updating each uniform object of
	 * the internal uniform list. The uniform objects check if their
	 * values has actually changed so this method only returns
	 * `true` if there is a real value change.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniforms have been updated and
	 * must be uploaded to the GPU.
	 */
	update() {

		let updated = false;

		for ( const uniform of this.uniforms ) {

			if ( this.updateByType( uniform ) === true ) {

				updated = true;

			}

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Releases the buffer.
	 */
	release() {

		super.release();

		this._values = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given uniform by calling an update method matching
	 * the uniforms type.
	 *
	 * @param {Uniform} uniform - The uniform to update.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateByType( uniform ) {

		if ( uniform.isNumberUniform ) return this.updateNumber( uniform );
		if ( uniform.isVector2Uniform ) return this.updateVector2( uniform );
		if ( uniform.isVector3Uniform ) return this.updateVector3( uniform );
		if ( uniform.isVector4Uniform ) return this.updateVector4( uniform );
		if ( uniform.isColorUniform ) return this.updateColor( uniform );
		if ( uniform.isMatrix3Uniform ) return this.updateMatrix3( uniform );
		if ( uniform.isMatrix4Uniform ) return this.updateMatrix4( uniform );

		error( 'WebGPUUniformsGroup: Unsupported uniform type.', uniform );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given Number uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {NumberUniform} uniform - The Number uniform.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateNumber( uniform ) {

		let updated = false;

		const a = this.values;
		const v = uniform.getValue();
		const offset = uniform.offset;
		const type = uniform.getType();

		if ( a[ offset ] !== v ) {

			const b = this._getBufferForType( type );

			b[ offset ] = a[ offset ] = v;
			updated = true;

			this.addUniformUpdateRange( uniform );

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given Vector2 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector2Uniform} uniform - The Vector2 uniform.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateVector2( uniform ) {

		let updated = false;

		const a = this.values;
		const v = uniform.getValue();
		const offset = uniform.offset;
		const type = uniform.getType();

		if ( a[ offset + 0 ] !== v.x || a[ offset + 1 ] !== v.y ) {

			const b = this._getBufferForType( type );

			b[ offset + 0 ] = a[ offset + 0 ] = v.x;
			b[ offset + 1 ] = a[ offset + 1 ] = v.y;

			updated = true;

			this.addUniformUpdateRange( uniform );

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given Vector3 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector3Uniform} uniform - The Vector3 uniform.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateVector3( uniform ) {

		let updated = false;

		const a = this.values;
		const v = uniform.getValue();
		const offset = uniform.offset;
		const type = uniform.getType();

		if ( a[ offset + 0 ] !== v.x || a[ offset + 1 ] !== v.y || a[ offset + 2 ] !== v.z ) {

			const b = this._getBufferForType( type );

			b[ offset + 0 ] = a[ offset + 0 ] = v.x;
			b[ offset + 1 ] = a[ offset + 1 ] = v.y;
			b[ offset + 2 ] = a[ offset + 2 ] = v.z;

			updated = true;

			this.addUniformUpdateRange( uniform );

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given Vector4 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {Vector4Uniform} uniform - The Vector4 uniform.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateVector4( uniform ) {

		let updated = false;

		const a = this.values;
		const v = uniform.getValue();
		const offset = uniform.offset;
		const type = uniform.getType();

		if ( a[ offset + 0 ] !== v.x || a[ offset + 1 ] !== v.y || a[ offset + 2 ] !== v.z || a[ offset + 3 ] !== v.w ) {

			const b = this._getBufferForType( type );

			b[ offset + 0 ] = a[ offset + 0 ] = v.x;
			b[ offset + 1 ] = a[ offset + 1 ] = v.y;
			b[ offset + 2 ] = a[ offset + 2 ] = v.z;
			b[ offset + 3 ] = a[ offset + 3 ] = v.w;

			updated = true;

			this.addUniformUpdateRange( uniform );

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given Color uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {ColorUniform} uniform - The Color uniform.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateColor( uniform ) {

		let updated = false;

		const a = this.values;
		const c = uniform.getValue();
		const offset = uniform.offset;

		if ( a[ offset + 0 ] !== c.r || a[ offset + 1 ] !== c.g || a[ offset + 2 ] !== c.b ) {

			const b = this.buffer;

			b[ offset + 0 ] = a[ offset + 0 ] = c.r;
			b[ offset + 1 ] = a[ offset + 1 ] = c.g;
			b[ offset + 2 ] = a[ offset + 2 ] = c.b;

			updated = true;

			this.addUniformUpdateRange( uniform );

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given Matrix3 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {Matrix3Uniform} uniform - The Matrix3 uniform.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateMatrix3( uniform ) {

		let updated = false;

		const a = this.values;
		const e = uniform.getValue().elements;
		const offset = uniform.offset;

		if ( a[ offset + 0 ] !== e[ 0 ] || a[ offset + 1 ] !== e[ 1 ] || a[ offset + 2 ] !== e[ 2 ] ||
			a[ offset + 4 ] !== e[ 3 ] || a[ offset + 5 ] !== e[ 4 ] || a[ offset + 6 ] !== e[ 5 ] ||
			a[ offset + 8 ] !== e[ 6 ] || a[ offset + 9 ] !== e[ 7 ] || a[ offset + 10 ] !== e[ 8 ] ) {

			const b = this.buffer;

			b[ offset + 0 ] = a[ offset + 0 ] = e[ 0 ];
			b[ offset + 1 ] = a[ offset + 1 ] = e[ 1 ];
			b[ offset + 2 ] = a[ offset + 2 ] = e[ 2 ];
			b[ offset + 4 ] = a[ offset + 4 ] = e[ 3 ];
			b[ offset + 5 ] = a[ offset + 5 ] = e[ 4 ];
			b[ offset + 6 ] = a[ offset + 6 ] = e[ 5 ];
			b[ offset + 8 ] = a[ offset + 8 ] = e[ 6 ];
			b[ offset + 9 ] = a[ offset + 9 ] = e[ 7 ];
			b[ offset + 10 ] = a[ offset + 10 ] = e[ 8 ];

			updated = true;

			this.addUniformUpdateRange( uniform );

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a given Matrix4 uniform.
	 *
	 * @param {Matrix4Uniform} uniform - The Matrix4 uniform.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the uniform has been updated or not.
	 */
	updateMatrix4( uniform ) {

		let updated = false;

		const a = this.values;
		const e = uniform.getValue().elements;
		const offset = uniform.offset;

		if ( arraysEqual( a, e, offset ) === false ) {

			const b = this.buffer;
			b.set( e, offset );
			setArray( a, e, offset );
			updated = true;

			this.addUniformUpdateRange( uniform );

		}

		return updated;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a typed array that matches the given data type.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} type - The data type.
	 * @return {TypedArray} The typed array.
	 */
	_getBufferForType( type ) {

		if ( type === 'int' || type === 'ivec2' || type === 'ivec3' || type === 'ivec4' ) return new Int32Array( this.buffer.buffer );
		if ( type === 'uint' || type === 'uvec2' || type === 'uvec3' || type === 'uvec4' ) return new Uint32Array( this.buffer.buffer );
		return this.buffer;

	}

}

/**
 * Sets the values of the second array to the first array.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {TypedArray} a - The first array.
 * @param {TypedArray} b - The second array.
 * @param {number} offset - An index offset for the first array.
 */
function setArray( a, b, offset ) {

	for ( let i = 0, l = b.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

		a[ offset + i ] = b[ i ];

	}

}

/**
 * Returns `true` if the given arrays are equal.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {TypedArray} a - The first array.
 * @param {TypedArray} b - The second array.
 * @param {number} offset - An index offset for the first array.
 * @return {boolean} Whether the given arrays are equal or not.
 */
function arraysEqual( a, b, offset ) {

	for ( let i = 0, l = b.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

		if ( a[ offset + i ] !== b[ i ] ) return false;

	}

	return true;

}

let _id$3 = 0;

/**
 * A special form of uniforms group that represents
 * the individual uniforms as node-based uniforms.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments UniformsGroup
 */
class NodeUniformsGroup extends UniformsGroup {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based uniforms group.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The group's name.
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} groupNode - The uniform group node.
	 */
	constructor( name, groupNode ) {

		super( name );

		/**
		 * The group's ID.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.id = _id$3 ++;

		/**
		 * The uniform group node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 */
		this.groupNode = groupNode;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isNodeUniformsGroup = true;

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a sampler binding type.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Binding
 */
class Sampler extends Binding {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new sampler.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The samplers's name.
	 * @param {?Texture} texture - The texture this binding is referring to.
	 */
	constructor( name, texture ) {

		super( name );

		/**
		 * The texture the sampler is referring to.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Texture}
		 */
		this._texture = texture;

		/**
		 * The binding's version.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.version = -1;

		/**
		 * The binding's generation which is an additional version
		 * qualifier.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.generation = null;

		/**
		 * The binding's sampler key.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default ''
		 */
		this.samplerKey = '';

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSampler = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the texture of this sampler.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} value - The texture to set.
	 */
	set texture( value ) {

		if ( this._texture === value ) return;

		this._texture = value;

		this.reset();

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the texture of this sampler.
	 * @return {?Texture} The texture.
	 */
	get texture() {

		return this._texture;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the binding.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the texture has been updated and must be
	 * uploaded to the GPU.
	 */
	update() {

		const { texture, version } = this;

		if ( version !== texture.version ) {

			this.version = texture.version;

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the version and generation. This is used when the texture
	 * the binding is pointing to is disposed or exchanged.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.generation = null;
		this.version = -1;

	}

	/**
	 * Releases the texture reference.
	 */
	release() {

		this._texture = null;

	}

}

let _id$2 = 0;

/**
 * Represents a sampled texture binding type.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Sampler
 */
class SampledTexture extends Sampler {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new sampled texture.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The sampled texture's name.
	 * @param {?Texture} texture - The texture this binding is referring to.
	 */
	constructor( name, texture ) {

		super( name, texture );

		/**
		 * This identifier.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.id = _id$2 ++;

		/**
		 * Whether the texture is a storage texture or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.store = false;

		/**
		 * The mip level to bind for storage textures.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.mipLevel = 0;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSampledTexture = true;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of sampled texture binding type.
 * It's texture value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments SampledTexture
 */
class NodeSampledTexture extends SampledTexture {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based sampled texture.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The textures's name.
	 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node.
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} groupNode - The uniform group node.
	 * @param {?string} [access=null] - The access type.
	 */
	constructor( name, textureNode, groupNode, access = null ) {

		super( name, textureNode ? textureNode.value : null );

		/**
		 * The texture node.
		 *
		 * @type {TextureNode}
		 */
		this.textureNode = textureNode;

		/**
		 * The uniform group node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 */
		this.groupNode = groupNode;

		/**
		 * The access type.
		 *
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.access = access;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the binding.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the texture has been updated and must be
	 * uploaded to the GPU.
	 */
	update() {

		const { textureNode } = this;

		if ( this.texture !== textureNode.value ) {

			this.texture = textureNode.value;

			return true;

		}

		return super.update();

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of sampled cube texture binding type.
 * It's texture value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments NodeSampledTexture
 */
class NodeSampledCubeTexture extends NodeSampledTexture {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based sampled cube texture.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The textures's name.
	 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node.
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} groupNode - The uniform group node.
	 * @param {?string} [access=null] - The access type.
	 */
	constructor( name, textureNode, groupNode, access = null ) {

		super( name, textureNode, groupNode, access );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSampledCubeTexture = true;

	}

}

/**
 * A special form of sampled 3D texture binding type.
 * It's texture value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments NodeSampledTexture
 */
class NodeSampledTexture3D extends NodeSampledTexture {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based sampled 3D texture.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The textures's name.
	 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node.
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} groupNode - The uniform group node.
	 * @param {?string} [access=null] - The access type.
	 */
	constructor( name, textureNode, groupNode, access = null ) {

		super( name, textureNode, groupNode, access );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isSampledTexture3D = true;

	}

}

const glslPolyfills = {
	bitcast_int_uint: new CodeNode( /* glsl */'uint tsl_bitcast_int_to_uint ( int x ) { return floatBitsToUint( intBitsToFloat ( x ) ); }' ),
	bitcast_uint_int: new CodeNode( /* glsl */'uint tsl_bitcast_uint_to_int ( uint x ) { return floatBitsToInt( uintBitsToFloat ( x ) ); }' ),
	textureGather: new CodeNode( /* glsl */`
vec4 tsl_textureGather( const int comp, sampler2D map, vec2 coord, ivec2 offset, bool flipY ) {
	if ( flipY ) offset.y = - offset.y;
	vec2 size = vec2( textureSize( map, 0 ) );
	vec2 st = floor( coord * size + vec2( offset ) - 0.5 );
	vec4 ij = vec4( st + 0.5, st + 1.5 ) / size.xyxy;
	vec4 ret = vec4(
		textureLod( map, ij.xw, 0.0 )[ comp ],
		textureLod( map, ij.zw, 0.0 )[ comp ],
		textureLod( map, ij.zy, 0.0 )[ comp ],
		textureLod( map, ij.xy, 0.0 )[ comp ]
	);
	return flipY ? ret.wzyx : ret;
}
` ),
	textureGatherArray: new CodeNode( /* glsl */`
vec4 tsl_textureGather_array( const int comp, sampler2DArray map, vec3 coord, ivec2 offset, bool flipY ) {
	if ( flipY ) offset.y = - offset.y;
	vec2 size = vec2( textureSize( map, 0 ).xy );
	vec2 st = floor( coord.xy * size + vec2( offset ) - 0.5 );
	vec4 ij = vec4( st + 0.5, st + 1.5 ) / size.xyxy;
	vec4 ret = vec4(
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.xw, coord.z ), 0.0 )[ comp ],
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.zw, coord.z ), 0.0 )[ comp ],
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.zy, coord.z ), 0.0 )[ comp ],
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.xy, coord.z ), 0.0 )[ comp ]
	);
	return flipY ? ret.wzyx : ret;
}
` ),
	textureGatherCompare: new CodeNode( /* glsl */`
vec4 tsl_textureGatherCompare( sampler2DShadow map, vec2 coord, ivec2 offset, float ref, bool flipY ) {
	if ( flipY ) offset.y = - offset.y;
	vec2 size = vec2( textureSize( map, 0 ) );
	vec2 st = floor( coord * size + vec2( offset ) - 0.5 );
	vec4 ij = vec4( st + 0.5, st + 1.5 ) / size.xyxy;
	vec4 ret = vec4(
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.xw, ref ), 0.0 ),
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.zw, ref ), 0.0 ),
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.zy, ref ), 0.0 ),
		textureLod( map, vec3( ij.xy, ref ), 0.0 )
	);
	return flipY ? ret.wzyx : ret;
}
` ),
	textureGatherCompareArray: new CodeNode( /* glsl */`
vec4 tsl_textureGatherCompare_array( sampler2DArrayShadow map, vec3 coord, ivec2 offset, float ref, bool flipY ) {
	if ( flipY ) offset.y = - offset.y;
	vec2 size = vec2( textureSize( map, 0 ).xy );
	vec2 st = floor( coord.xy * size + vec2( offset ) - 0.5 );
	vec4 ij = vec4( st + 0.5, st + 1.5 ) / size.xyxy;
	vec4 ret = vec4(
		texture( map, vec4( ij.xw, coord.z, ref ) ),
		texture( map, vec4( ij.zw, coord.z, ref ) ),
		texture( map, vec4( ij.zy, coord.z, ref ) ),
		texture( map, vec4( ij.xy, coord.z, ref ) )
	);
	return flipY ? ret.wzyx : ret;
}
` )
};

const glslMethods = {
	equals: 'equal',
	bitcast_float_int: 'floatBitsToInt',
	bitcast_int_float: 'intBitsToFloat',
	bitcast_uint_float: 'uintBitsToFloat',
	bitcast_float_uint: 'floatBitsToUint',
	bitcast_uint_int: 'tsl_bitcast_uint_to_int',
	bitcast_int_uint: 'tsl_bitcast_int_to_uint',
	floatpack_snorm_2x16: 'packSnorm2x16',
	floatpack_unorm_2x16: 'packUnorm2x16',
	floatpack_float16_2x16: 'packHalf2x16',
	floatunpack_snorm_2x16: 'unpackSnorm2x16',
	floatunpack_unorm_2x16: 'unpackUnorm2x16',
	floatunpack_float16_2x16: 'unpackHalf2x16'
};

const precisionLib = {
	low: 'lowp',
	medium: 'mediump',
	high: 'highp'
};

const supports$1 = {
	swizzleAssign: true,
	storageBuffer: false
};

const interpolationTypeMap = {
	perspective: 'smooth',
	linear: 'noperspective'
};

const interpolationModeMap = {
	'centroid': 'centroid'
};

const defaultPrecisions = `
precision highp float;
precision highp int;
precision highp sampler2D;
precision highp sampler3D;
precision highp samplerCube;
precision highp sampler2DArray;

precision highp usampler2D;
precision highp usampler3D;
precision highp usamplerCube;
precision highp usampler2DArray;

precision highp isampler2D;
precision highp isampler3D;
precision highp isamplerCube;
precision highp isampler2DArray;

precision highp sampler2DShadow;
precision highp sampler2DArrayShadow;
precision highp samplerCubeShadow;
`;

const glslReservedKeywords = new Set( [
	// keywords
	'const', 'uniform', 'buffer', 'shared', 'attribute', 'varying', 'coherent', 'volatile', 'restrict',
	'readonly', 'writeonly', 'atomic_uint', 'layout', 'centroid', 'flat', 'smooth', 'noperspective',
	'patch', 'sample', 'invariant', 'precise', 'break', 'continue', 'do', 'for', 'while', 'switch',
	'case', 'default', 'if', 'else', 'subroutine', 'in', 'out', 'inout', 'int', 'void', 'bool', 'true',
	'false', 'float', 'double', 'discard', 'return', 'vec2', 'vec3', 'vec4', 'ivec2', 'ivec3', 'ivec4',
	'bvec2', 'bvec3', 'bvec4', 'uint', 'uvec2', 'uvec3', 'uvec4', 'dvec2', 'dvec3', 'dvec4', 'mat2',
	'mat3', 'mat4', 'mat2x2', 'mat2x3', 'mat2x4', 'mat3x2', 'mat3x3', 'mat3x4', 'mat4x2', 'mat4x3',
	'mat4x4', 'dmat2', 'dmat3', 'dmat4', 'dmat2x2', 'dmat2x3', 'dmat2x4', 'dmat3x2', 'dmat3x3',
	'dmat3x4', 'dmat4x2', 'dmat4x3', 'dmat4x4', 'lowp', 'mediump', 'highp', 'precision', 'sampler2D',
	'sampler3D', 'samplerCube', 'sampler2DShadow', 'samplerCubeShadow', 'sampler2DArray',
	'sampler2DArrayShadow', 'isampler2D', 'isampler3D', 'isamplerCube', 'isampler2DArray', 'usampler2D',
	'usampler3D', 'usamplerCube', 'usampler2DArray', 'struct',
	// reserved for future use
	'common', 'partition', 'active', 'asm', 'class', 'union', 'enum', 'typedef', 'template', 'this',
	'resource', 'goto', 'inline', 'noinline', 'public', 'static', 'extern', 'external', 'interface',
	'long', 'short', 'half', 'fixed', 'unsigned', 'superp', 'input', 'output', 'hvec2', 'hvec3',
	'hvec4', 'fvec2', 'fvec3', 'fvec4', 'sampler3DRect', 'filter', 'sizeof', 'cast', 'namespace',
	'using',
	// generated entry points
	'main'
] );

/**
 * A node builder targeting GLSL.
 *
 * This module generates GLSL shader code from node materials and also
 * generates the respective bindings and vertex buffer definitions. These
 * data are later used by the renderer to create render and compute pipelines
 * for render objects.
 *
 * @augments NodeBuilder
 */
class GLSLNodeBuilder extends NodeBuilder {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new GLSL node builder renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 */
	constructor( object, renderer ) {

		super( object, renderer, new GLSLNodeParser() );

		/**
		 * A dictionary holds for each shader stage ('vertex', 'fragment', 'compute')
		 * another dictionary which manages UBOs per group ('render','frame','object').
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Object<string,NodeUniformsGroup>>}
		 */
		this.uniformGroups = {};

		/**
		 * An array that holds objects defining the varying and attribute data in
		 * context of Transform Feedback.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object<string,AttributeNode|string>>}
		 */
		this.transforms = [];

		/**
		 * A dictionary that holds for each shader stage a Map of used extensions.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Map<string,Object>>}
		 */
		this.extensions = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary that holds for each shader stage an Array of used builtins.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Array<string>>}
		 */
		this.builtins = { vertex: [], fragment: [], compute: [] };

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given texture requires a manual conversion to the working color space.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to check.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given texture requires a conversion to working color space or not.
	 */
	needsToWorkingColorSpace( texture ) {

		return texture.isVideoTexture === true && texture.colorSpace !== NoColorSpace;

	}

	/**
	 * Includes the given method name into the current
	 * function node.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} name - The method name to include.
	 * @return {CodeNode} The respective code node.
	 */
	_include( name ) {

		const codeNode = glslPolyfills[ name ];
		codeNode.build( this );

		this.addInclude( codeNode );

		return codeNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native shader method name for a given generic name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} method - The method name to resolve.
	 * @return {string} The resolved GLSL method name.
	 */
	getMethod( method ) {

		if ( glslPolyfills[ method ] !== undefined ) {

			this._include( method );

		}

		return glslMethods[ method ] || method;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the bitcast method name for a given input and outputType.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The output type to bitcast to.
	 * @param {string} inputType - The input type of the.
	 * @return {string} The resolved GLSL bitcast invocation.
	 */
	getBitcastMethod( type, inputType ) {

		return this.getMethod( `bitcast_${ inputType }_${ type }` );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the float packing method name for a given numeric encoding.
	 *
	 * @param {string} encoding - The numeric encoding that describes how the float values are mapped to the integer range.
	 * @returns {string} The resolved GLSL float packing method name.
	 */
	getFloatPackingMethod( encoding ) {

		return this.getMethod( `floatpack_${ encoding }_2x16` );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the float unpacking method name for a given numeric encoding.
	 *
	 * @param {string} encoding - The numeric encoding that describes how the integer values are mapped to the float range.
	 * @returns {string} The resolved GLSL float unpacking method name.
	 */
	getFloatUnpackingMethod( encoding ) {

		return this.getMethod( `floatunpack_${ encoding }_2x16` );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native snippet for a ternary operation.
	 *
	 * @param {string} condSnippet - The condition determining which expression gets resolved.
	 * @param {string} ifSnippet - The expression to resolve to if the condition is true.
	 * @param {string} elseSnippet - The expression to resolve to if the condition is false.
	 * @return {string} The resolved method name.
	 */
	getTernary( condSnippet, ifSnippet, elseSnippet ) {

		return `${condSnippet} ? ${ifSnippet} : ${elseSnippet}`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the output struct name. Not relevant for GLSL.
	 *
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	getOutputStructName() {

		return '';

	}

	/**
	 * Builds the given shader node.
	 *
	 * @param {ShaderNodeInternal} shaderNode - The shader node.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL function code.
	 */
	buildFunctionCode( shaderNode ) {

		const layout = shaderNode.layout;
		const flowData = this.flowShaderNode( shaderNode );

		const parameters = [];

		for ( const input of layout.inputs ) {

			parameters.push( this.getType( input.type ) + ' ' + input.name );

		}

		//

		const code = `${ this.getType( layout.type ) } ${ layout.name }( ${ parameters.join( ', ' ) } ) {

	${ flowData.vars }

${ flowData.code }
	return ${ flowData.result };

}`;

		//

		return code;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the Pixel Buffer Object (PBO) for the given storage
	 * buffer node.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageBufferNode} storageBufferNode - The storage buffer node.
	 */
	setupPBO( storageBufferNode ) {

		const attribute = storageBufferNode.value;

		if ( attribute.pbo === undefined ) {

			const originalArray = attribute.array;
			const numElements = attribute.count * attribute.itemSize;

			const { itemSize } = attribute;

			const isInteger = attribute.array.constructor.name.toLowerCase().includes( 'int' );

			let format = isInteger ? RedIntegerFormat : RedFormat;

			if ( itemSize === 2 ) {

				format = isInteger ? RGIntegerFormat : RGFormat;

			} else if ( itemSize === 3 ) {

				format = isInteger ? RGBIntegerFormat : RGBFormat;

			} else if ( itemSize === 4 ) {

				format = isInteger ? RGBAIntegerFormat : RGBAFormat;

			}

			const typeMap = {
				Float32Array: FloatType,
				Uint8Array: UnsignedByteType,
				Uint16Array: UnsignedShortType,
				Uint32Array: UnsignedIntType,
				Int8Array: ByteType,
				Int16Array: ShortType,
				Int32Array: IntType,
				Uint8ClampedArray: UnsignedByteType,
			};

			const width = Math.pow( 2, Math.ceil( Math.log2( Math.sqrt( numElements / itemSize ) ) ) );
			let height = Math.ceil( ( numElements / itemSize ) / width );
			if ( width * height * itemSize < numElements ) height ++; // Ensure enough space

			const newSize = width * height * itemSize;

			const newArray = new originalArray.constructor( newSize );

			newArray.set( originalArray, 0 );

			attribute.array = newArray;

			const pboTexture = new DataTexture( attribute.array, width, height, format, typeMap[ attribute.array.constructor.name ] || FloatType );
			pboTexture.needsUpdate = true;
			pboTexture.isPBOTexture = true;

			const pbo = new TextureNode( pboTexture, null, null );
			pbo.setPrecision( 'high' );

			attribute.pboNode = pbo;
			attribute.pbo = pbo.value;

			this.getUniformFromNode( attribute.pboNode, 'texture', this.shaderStage, this.context.nodeName );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a GLSL snippet that represents the property name of the given node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The property name.
	 */
	getPropertyName( node, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		if ( node.isNodeUniform && node.node.isTextureNode !== true && node.node.isBufferNode !== true ) {

			return node.name;

		}

		return super.getPropertyName( node, shaderStage );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the given name is a reserved keyword of GLSL.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the name is a reserved keyword or not.
	 */
	isReservedKeyword( name ) {

		return glslReservedKeywords.has( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the Pixel Buffer Object (PBO) for the given storage
	 * buffer node.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageArrayElementNode} storageArrayElementNode - The storage array element node.
	 * @return {string} The property name.
	 */
	generatePBO( storageArrayElementNode ) {

		const { node, indexNode } = storageArrayElementNode;
		const attribute = node.value;

		if ( this.renderer.backend.has( attribute ) ) {

			const attributeData = this.renderer.backend.get( attribute );
			attributeData.pbo = attribute.pbo;

		}

		const nodeUniform = this.getUniformFromNode( attribute.pboNode, 'texture', this.shaderStage, this.context.nodeName );
		const textureName = this.getPropertyName( nodeUniform );

		this.increaseUsage( indexNode ); // force cache generate to be used as index in x,y
		const indexSnippet = indexNode.build( this, 'uint' );

		const elementNodeData = this.getDataFromNode( storageArrayElementNode );

		let propertyName = elementNodeData.propertyName;

		if ( propertyName === undefined ) {

			// property element

			const nodeVar = this.getVarFromNode( storageArrayElementNode );

			propertyName = this.getPropertyName( nodeVar );

			// property size

			const bufferNodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node );

			let propertySizeName = bufferNodeData.propertySizeName;

			if ( propertySizeName === undefined ) {

				propertySizeName = propertyName + 'Size';

				this.getVarFromNode( node, propertySizeName, 'uint' );

				this.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertySizeName } = uint( textureSize( ${ textureName }, 0 ).x )`, storageArrayElementNode );

				bufferNodeData.propertySizeName = propertySizeName;

			}

			//

			const { itemSize } = attribute;

			const channel = '.' + vectorComponents.join( '' ).slice( 0, itemSize );
			const uvSnippet = `ivec2(${indexSnippet} % ${ propertySizeName }, ${indexSnippet} / ${ propertySizeName })`;

			const snippet = this.generateTextureLoad( null, textureName, uvSnippet, '0', null, null );

			//


			let prefix = 'vec4';

			if ( attribute.pbo.type === UnsignedIntType ) {

				prefix = 'uvec4';

			} else if ( attribute.pbo.type === IntType ) {

				prefix = 'ivec4';

			}

			this.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertyName } = ${prefix}(${ snippet })${channel}`, storageArrayElementNode );

			elementNodeData.propertyName = propertyName;

		}

		return propertyName;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet that reads a single texel from a texture without sampling or filtering.
	 *
	 * @param {?Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvIndexSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} levelSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureLoad( texture, textureProperty, uvIndexSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( levelSnippet === null ) levelSnippet = '0';

		let snippet;

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			if ( offsetSnippet ) {

				snippet = `texelFetchOffset( ${ textureProperty }, ivec3( ${ uvIndexSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } ), int( ${ levelSnippet } ), ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

			} else {

				snippet = `texelFetch( ${ textureProperty }, ivec3( ${ uvIndexSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } ), int( ${ levelSnippet } ) )`;

			}

		} else {

			if ( offsetSnippet ) {

				snippet = `texelFetchOffset( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet }, int( ${ levelSnippet } ), ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

			} else {

				snippet = `texelFetch( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet }, int( ${ levelSnippet } ) )`;

			}

		}

		if ( texture !== null && texture.isDepthTexture ) {

			snippet += '.x';

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet for sampling/loading the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet -  A GLSL snippet that represents the 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTexture( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( depthSnippet ) uvSnippet = `vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } )`;

		if ( texture.isDepthTexture ) {

			if ( offsetSnippet ) return `textureOffset( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } ).x`;

			return `texture( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet } ).x`;

		}

		if ( offsetSnippet ) return `textureOffset( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

		return `texture( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet that resolves the dimensions of the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the mip level.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureSize( texture, textureProperty, levelSnippet ) {

		return `textureSize( ${ textureProperty }, ${ levelSnippet } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet when sampling textures with explicit mip level.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureLevel( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( depthSnippet ) uvSnippet = `vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } )`;

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			return `textureLodOffset( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

		}

		return `textureLod( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet when sampling textures with a bias to the mip level.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} biasSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the bias to apply to the mip level before sampling.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureBias( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, biasSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( depthSnippet ) uvSnippet = `vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } )`;

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			return `textureOffset( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet }, ${ biasSnippet } )`;

		}

		return `texture( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ biasSnippet } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet for sampling/loading the given texture using explicit gradients.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {Array<string>} gradSnippet - An array holding both gradient GLSL snippets.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureGrad( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, gradSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( depthSnippet ) uvSnippet = `vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } )`;

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			return `textureGradOffset( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ gradSnippet[ 0 ] }, ${ gradSnippet[ 1 ] }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

		}

		return `textureGrad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ gradSnippet[ 0 ] }, ${ gradSnippet[ 1 ] } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet for sampling a depth texture and comparing the sampled depth values
	 * against a reference value.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} compareSnippet -  A GLSL snippet that represents the reference value.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureCompare( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, compareSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

			// Cube shadow maps use vec4(direction, compareValue)
			if ( texture.isCubeTexture ) {

				return `texture( ${ textureProperty }, vec4( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet } ) )`;

			}

			if ( depthSnippet ) {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureOffset( ${ textureProperty }, vec4( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet } ), ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `texture( ${ textureProperty }, vec4( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet } ) )`;

			}

			if ( offsetSnippet ) {

				return `textureOffset( ${ textureProperty }, vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet } ), ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

			}

			return `texture( ${ textureProperty }, vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet } ) )`;

		} else {

			error( `WebGPURenderer: THREE.DepthTexture.compareFunction() does not support ${ shaderStage } shader.` );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet for gathering four texels from the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} gatherSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the index of the channel to read.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {?string} flipYSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the y-flip. Only used for WebGL.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureGather( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, gatherSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, flipYSnippet ) {

		if ( texture.isDepthTexture ) gatherSnippet = '0';

		if ( offsetSnippet === null ) offsetSnippet = 'ivec2( 0 )';

		if ( flipYSnippet === null ) flipYSnippet = 'false';

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			this._include( 'textureGatherArray' );

			return `tsl_textureGather_array( ${gatherSnippet}, ${ textureProperty }, vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } ), ${ offsetSnippet }, ${ flipYSnippet } )`;

		}

		this._include( 'textureGather' );

		return `tsl_textureGather( ${gatherSnippet}, ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet }, ${ flipYSnippet } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the GLSL snippet for performing a depth comparison on four texels in the given depth texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} compareSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the reference value.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {?string} flipYSnippet - A GLSL snippet that represents the y-flip. Only used for WebGL.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureGatherCompare( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, compareSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, flipYSnippet ) {

		if ( offsetSnippet === null ) offsetSnippet = 'ivec2( 0 )';

		if ( flipYSnippet === null ) flipYSnippet = 'false';

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			this._include( 'textureGatherCompareArray' );

			return `tsl_textureGatherCompare_array( ${ textureProperty }, vec3( ${ uvSnippet }, ${depthSnippet} ), ${ offsetSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet }, ${ flipYSnippet } )`;

		}

		this._include( 'textureGatherCompare' );

		return `tsl_textureGatherCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet }, ${ flipYSnippet } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the uniforms of the given shader stage as a GLSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet that defines the uniforms.
	 */
	getUniforms( shaderStage ) {

		const uniforms = this.uniforms[ shaderStage ];

		const bindingSnippets = [];
		const uniformGroups = {};

		for ( const uniform of uniforms ) {

			let snippet = null;
			let group = false;

			if ( uniform.type === 'texture' || uniform.type === 'texture3D' ) {

				const textureNode = uniform.node;
				const texture = textureNode.value;

				let typePrefix = '';

				if ( texture.isDataTexture === true || texture.isData3DTexture === true ) {

					if ( texture.type === UnsignedIntType ) {

						typePrefix = 'u';

					} else if ( texture.type === IntType ) {

						typePrefix = 'i';

					}

				}

				if ( uniform.type === 'texture3D' && texture.isArrayTexture === false ) {

					snippet = `${typePrefix}sampler3D ${ uniform.name };`;

				} else if ( texture.compareFunction && textureNode.compareNode !== null ) {

					if ( texture.isArrayTexture === true ) {

						snippet = `sampler2DArrayShadow ${ uniform.name };`;

					} else {

						snippet = `sampler2DShadow ${ uniform.name };`;

					}

				} else if ( texture.isArrayTexture === true || texture.isDataArrayTexture === true || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture === true ) {

					snippet = `${typePrefix}sampler2DArray ${ uniform.name };`;

				} else {

					snippet = `${typePrefix}sampler2D ${ uniform.name };`;

				}

			} else if ( uniform.type === 'cubeTexture' ) {

				snippet = `samplerCube ${ uniform.name };`;

			} else if ( uniform.type === 'cubeDepthTexture' ) {

				const texture = uniform.node.value;

				if ( texture.compareFunction ) {

					snippet = `samplerCubeShadow ${ uniform.name };`;

				} else {

					snippet = `samplerCube ${ uniform.name };`;

				}

			} else if ( uniform.type === 'buffer' ) {

				const bufferNode = uniform.node;
				const bufferType = this.getType( bufferNode.bufferType );
				const bufferCount = bufferNode.bufferCount;

				const bufferCountSnippet = bufferCount > 0 ? bufferCount : '';
				snippet = `${bufferNode.name} {\n\t${ bufferType } ${ uniform.name }[${ bufferCountSnippet }];\n};\n`;

			} else {

				const groupName = uniform.groupNode.name;

				// Check if this group has already been processed
				if ( uniformGroups[ groupName ] === undefined ) {

					// Get the shared uniform group that contains uniforms from all stages
					const sharedUniformGroup = this.uniformGroups[ groupName ];

					if ( sharedUniformGroup !== undefined ) {

						// Generate snippets for ALL uniforms in this shared group
						const snippets = [];

						for ( const sharedUniform of sharedUniformGroup.uniforms ) {

							const type = sharedUniform.getType();
							const vectorType = this.getVectorType( type );
							const precision = sharedUniform.nodeUniform.node.precision;

							let uniformSnippet = `${ vectorType } ${ sharedUniform.name };`;

							if ( precision !== null ) {

								uniformSnippet = precisionLib[ precision ] + ' ' + uniformSnippet;

							}

							snippets.push( '\t' + uniformSnippet );

						}

						uniformGroups[ groupName ] = snippets;

					}

				}

				group = true;

			}

			if ( ! group ) {

				const precision = uniform.node.precision;

				if ( precision !== null ) {

					snippet = precisionLib[ precision ] + ' ' + snippet;

				}

				snippet = 'uniform ' + snippet;

				bindingSnippets.push( snippet );

			}

		}

		let output = '';

		for ( const name in uniformGroups ) {

			const groupSnippets = uniformGroups[ name ];

			output += this._getGLSLUniformStruct( name, groupSnippets.join( '\n' ) ) + '\n';

		}

		output += bindingSnippets.join( '\n' );

		return output;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the type for a given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 * @return {string} The type.
	 */
	getTypeFromAttribute( attribute ) {

		let nodeType = super.getTypeFromAttribute( attribute );

		if ( /^[iu]/.test( nodeType ) && attribute.gpuType !== IntType ) {

			let dataAttribute = attribute;

			if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) dataAttribute = attribute.data;

			const array = dataAttribute.array;

			if ( ( array instanceof Uint32Array || array instanceof Int32Array ) === false ) {

				nodeType = nodeType.slice( 1 );

			}

		}

		return nodeType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the shader attributes of the given shader stage as a GLSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet that defines the shader attributes.
	 */
	getAttributes( shaderStage ) {

		let snippet = '';

		if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' || shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			const attributes = this.getAttributesArray();

			let location = 0;

			for ( const attribute of attributes ) {

				snippet += `layout( location = ${ location ++ } ) in ${ attribute.type } ${ attribute.name };\n`;

			}

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the members of the given struct type node as a GLSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {StructTypeNode} struct - The struct type node.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet that defines the struct members.
	 */
	getStructMembers( struct ) {

		const snippets = [];

		for ( const member of struct.members ) {

			snippets.push( `\t${ member.type } ${ member.name };` );

		}

		return snippets.join( '\n' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the structs of the given shader stage as a GLSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet that defines the structs.
	 */
	getStructs( shaderStage ) {

		const snippets = [];
		const structs = this.structs[ shaderStage ];

		const outputSnippet = [];

		for ( const struct of structs ) {

			if ( struct.output ) {

				for ( const member of struct.members ) {

					outputSnippet.push( `layout( location = ${ member.index } ) out ${ member.type } ${ member.name };` );

				}

			} else {

				let snippet = 'struct ' + struct.name + ' {\n';
				snippet += this.getStructMembers( struct );
				snippet += '\n};\n';

				snippets.push( snippet );

			}

		}

		if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' && outputSnippet.length === 0 ) {

			outputSnippet.push( `layout( location = 0 ) out ${ this.getOutputType() } fragColor;` );

		}

		return '\n' + outputSnippet.join( '\n' ) + '\n\n' + snippets.join( '\n' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the varyings of the given shader stage as a GLSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet that defines the varyings.
	 */
	getVaryings( shaderStage ) {

		let snippet = '';

		const varyings = this.varyings;

		if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' || shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			for ( const varying of varyings ) {

				if ( shaderStage === 'compute' ) varying.needsInterpolation = true;

				const type = this.getType( varying.type );

				if ( varying.needsInterpolation ) {

					if ( varying.interpolationType ) {

						const interpolationType = interpolationTypeMap[ varying.interpolationType ] || varying.interpolationType;
						const sampling = interpolationModeMap[ varying.interpolationSampling ] || '';

						snippet += `${ interpolationType } ${ sampling } out ${ type } ${ varying.name };\n`;

					} else {

						const flat = type.includes( 'int' ) || type.includes( 'uv' ) || type.includes( 'iv' ) ? 'flat ' : '';

						snippet += `${ flat }out ${ type } ${ varying.name };\n`;

					}

				} else {

					snippet += `${type} ${varying.name};\n`; // generate variable (no varying required)

				}

			}

		} else if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

			for ( const varying of varyings ) {

				if ( varying.needsInterpolation ) {

					const type = this.getType( varying.type );

					if ( varying.interpolationType ) {

						const interpolationType = interpolationTypeMap[ varying.interpolationType ] || varying.interpolationType;
						const sampling = interpolationModeMap[ varying.interpolationSampling ] || '';

						snippet += `${ interpolationType } ${ sampling } in ${ type } ${ varying.name };\n`;


					} else {

						const flat = type.includes( 'int' ) || type.includes( 'uv' ) || type.includes( 'iv' ) ? 'flat ' : '';

						snippet += `${ flat }in ${ type } ${ varying.name };\n`;

					}

				}

			}

		}

		for ( const builtin of this.builtins[ shaderStage ] ) {

			snippet += `${builtin};\n`;

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vertex index builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The vertex index.
	 */
	getVertexIndex() {

		return 'uint( gl_VertexID )';

	}

	/**
	 * Contextually returns either the vertex stage instance index builtin
	 * or the linearized index of an compute invocation within a grid of workgroups.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The instance index.
	 */
	getInstanceIndex() {

		return 'uint( gl_InstanceID )';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the index of an invocation within its workgroup.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The invocation local index.
	 */
	getInvocationLocalIndex() {

		const workgroupSize = this.object.workgroupSize;

		const size = workgroupSize.reduce( ( acc, curr ) => acc * curr, 1 );

		return `uint( gl_InstanceID ) % ${size}u`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the size of a subgroup within the current shader.
	 */
	getSubgroupSize() {

		error( 'GLSLNodeBuilder: WebGLBackend does not support the subgroupSize node' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the index of an invocation within its subgroup.
	 */
	getInvocationSubgroupIndex() {

		error( 'GLSLNodeBuilder: WebGLBackend does not support the invocationSubgroupIndex node' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the index of the current invocation's subgroup within its workgroup.
	 */
	getSubgroupIndex() {

		error( 'GLSLNodeBuilder: WebGLBackend does not support the subgroupIndex node' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the draw index builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {?string} The drawIndex shader string. Returns `null` if `WEBGL_multi_draw` isn't supported by the device.
	 */
	getDrawIndex() {

		const extensions = this.renderer.backend.extensions;

		if ( extensions.has( 'WEBGL_multi_draw' ) ) {

			return 'uint( gl_DrawID )';

		} else {

			return 'nodeUniformDrawId'; // fallback to uniform

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the front facing builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The front facing builtin.
	 */
	getFrontFacing() {

		return 'gl_FrontFacing';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the frag coord builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The frag coord builtin.
	 */
	getFragCoord() {

		return 'gl_FragCoord.xy';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the frag depth builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The frag depth builtin.
	 */
	getFragDepth() {

		return 'gl_FragDepth';

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the given extension.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The extension name.
	 * @param {string} behavior - The extension behavior.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage.
	 */
	enableExtension( name, behavior, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		const map = this.extensions[ shaderStage ] || ( this.extensions[ shaderStage ] = new Map() );

		if ( map.has( name ) === false ) {

			map.set( name, {
				name,
				behavior
			} );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the enabled extensions of the given shader stage as a GLSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet that defines the enabled extensions.
	 */
	getExtensions( shaderStage ) {

		const snippets = [];

		if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

			const ext = this.renderer.backend.extensions;
			const isBatchedMesh = this.object.isBatchedMesh;

			if ( isBatchedMesh && ext.has( 'WEBGL_multi_draw' ) ) {

				this.enableExtension( 'GL_ANGLE_multi_draw', 'require', shaderStage );

			}

		}

		const extensions = this.extensions[ shaderStage ];

		if ( extensions !== undefined ) {

			for ( const { name, behavior } of extensions.values() ) {

				snippets.push( `#extension ${name} : ${behavior}` );

			}

		}

		return snippets.join( '\n' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clip distances builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The clip distances builtin.
	 */
	getClipDistance() {

		return 'gl_ClipDistance';

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the requested feature is available or not.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The requested feature.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the requested feature is supported or not.
	 */
	isAvailable( name ) {

		let result = supports$1[ name ];

		if ( result === undefined ) {

			let extensionName;

			result = false;

			switch ( name ) {

				case 'float32Filterable':
					extensionName = 'OES_texture_float_linear';
					break;

				case 'clipDistance':
					extensionName = 'WEBGL_clip_cull_distance';
					break;

			}

			if ( extensionName !== undefined ) {

				const extensions = this.renderer.backend.extensions;

				if ( extensions.has( extensionName ) ) {

					extensions.get( extensionName );
					result = true;

				}

			}

			supports$1[ name ] = result;

		}

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether to flip texture data along its vertical axis or not.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Returns always `true` in context of GLSL.
	 */
	isFlipY() {

		return true;

	}

	/**
	 * Enables hardware clipping.
	 *
	 * @param {string} planeCount - The clipping plane count.
	 */
	enableHardwareClipping( planeCount ) {

		this.enableExtension( 'GL_ANGLE_clip_cull_distance', 'require' );

		this.builtins[ 'vertex' ].push( `out float gl_ClipDistance[ ${ planeCount } ]` );

	}

	/**
	 * Enables multiview.
	 */
	enableMultiview() {

		this.enableExtension( 'GL_OVR_multiview2', 'require', 'fragment' );
		this.enableExtension( 'GL_OVR_multiview2', 'require', 'vertex' );

		this.builtins[ 'vertex' ].push( 'layout(num_views = 2) in' );

	}

	/**
	 * Registers a transform in context of Transform Feedback.
	 *
	 * @param {string} varyingName - The varying name.
	 * @param {AttributeNode} attributeNode - The attribute node.
	 */
	registerTransform( varyingName, attributeNode ) {

		this.transforms.push( { varyingName, attributeNode } );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the transforms of the given shader stage as a GLSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet that defines the transforms.
	 */
	getTransforms( /* shaderStage  */ ) {

		const transforms = this.transforms;

		let snippet = '';

		for ( let i = 0; i < transforms.length; i ++ ) {

			const transform = transforms[ i ];
			const attributeName = this.getPropertyName( transform.attributeNode );

			if ( attributeName ) snippet += `${ transform.varyingName } = ${ attributeName };\n\t`;

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a GLSL struct based on the given name and variables.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} name - The struct name.
	 * @param {string} vars - The struct variables.
	 * @return {string} The GLSL snippet representing a struct.
	 */
	_getGLSLUniformStruct( name, vars ) {

		return `
layout( std140 ) uniform ${name} {
${vars}
};`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a GLSL vertex shader based on the given shader data.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} shaderData - The shader data.
	 * @return {string} The vertex shader.
	 */
	_getGLSLVertexCode( shaderData ) {

		return `#version 300 es

${ this.getSignature() }

// extensions
${shaderData.extensions}

// precision
${ defaultPrecisions }

// structs
${shaderData.structs}

// uniforms
${shaderData.uniforms}

// varyings
${shaderData.varyings}

// attributes
${shaderData.attributes}

// vars
${shaderData.vars}

// codes
${shaderData.codes}

void main() {

	// transforms
	${shaderData.transforms}

	// flow
	${shaderData.flow}

	gl_PointSize = 1.0;

}
`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a GLSL fragment shader based on the given shader data.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} shaderData - The shader data.
	 * @return {string} The vertex shader.
	 */
	_getGLSLFragmentCode( shaderData ) {

		return `#version 300 es

${ this.getSignature() }

// extensions
${shaderData.extensions}

// precision
${ defaultPrecisions }

// structs
${shaderData.structs}

// uniforms
${shaderData.uniforms}

// varyings
${shaderData.varyings}

// vars
${shaderData.vars}

// codes
${shaderData.codes}

void main() {

	// flow
	${shaderData.flow}

}
`;

	}

	/**
	 * Controls the code build of the shader stages.
	 */
	buildCode() {

		const shadersData = this.material !== null ? { fragment: {}, vertex: {} } : { compute: {} };

		this.sortBindingGroups();

		for ( const shaderStage in shadersData ) {

			let flow = '// code\n\n';
			flow += this.flowCode[ shaderStage ];

			const flowNodes = this.flowNodes[ shaderStage ];
			const mainNode = flowNodes[ flowNodes.length - 1 ];

			for ( const node of flowNodes ) {

				const flowSlotData = this.getFlowData( node/*, shaderStage*/ );
				const slotName = node.name;

				if ( slotName ) {

					if ( flow.length > 0 ) flow += '\n';

					flow += `\t// flow -> ${ slotName }\n\t`;

				}

				flow += `${ flowSlotData.code }\n\t`;

				if ( node === mainNode && shaderStage !== 'compute' ) {

					flow += '// result\n\t';

					if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

						flow += 'gl_Position = ';
						flow += `${ this.format( flowSlotData.result, mainNode.getNodeType( this ), 'vec4' ) };`;

					} else if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

						if ( ! node.outputNode.isOutputStructNode ) {

							flow += 'fragColor = ';
							flow += `${ this.format( flowSlotData.result, mainNode.getNodeType( this ), this.getOutputType() ) };`;

						}

					}

				}

			}

			const stageData = shadersData[ shaderStage ];

			stageData.extensions = this.getExtensions( shaderStage );
			stageData.uniforms = this.getUniforms( shaderStage );
			stageData.attributes = this.getAttributes( shaderStage );
			stageData.varyings = this.getVaryings( shaderStage );
			stageData.vars = this.getVars( shaderStage, true );
			stageData.structs = this.getStructs( shaderStage );
			stageData.codes = this.getCodes( shaderStage );
			stageData.transforms = this.getTransforms( shaderStage );
			stageData.flow = flow;

			// fallbacks

			if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

				const ext = this.renderer.backend.extensions;

				if ( this.object.isBatchedMesh && ext.has( 'WEBGL_multi_draw' ) === false ) {

					stageData.uniforms += '\nuniform uint nodeUniformDrawId;\n';

				}

			}

		}

		if ( this.material !== null ) {

			this.vertexShader = this._getGLSLVertexCode( shadersData.vertex );
			this.fragmentShader = this._getGLSLFragmentCode( shadersData.fragment );

		} else {

			this.computeShader = this._getGLSLVertexCode( shadersData.compute );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is one of the more important ones since it's responsible
	 * for generating a matching binding instance for the given uniform node.
	 *
	 * These bindings are later used in the renderer to create bind groups
	 * and layouts.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformNode} node - The uniform node.
	 * @param {string} type - The node data type.
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - An optional uniform name.
	 * @return {NodeUniform} The node uniform object.
	 */
	getUniformFromNode( node, type, shaderStage, name = null ) {

		const uniformNode = super.getUniformFromNode( node, type, shaderStage, name );
		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, shaderStage, this.globalCache );

		let uniformGPU = nodeData.uniformGPU;

		if ( uniformGPU === undefined ) {

			const group = node.groupNode;
			const groupName = group.name;

			const bindings = this.getBindGroupArray( groupName, shaderStage );

			if ( type === 'texture' ) {

				uniformGPU = new NodeSampledTexture( uniformNode.name, uniformNode.node, group );
				bindings.push( uniformGPU );

			} else if ( type === 'cubeTexture' || type === 'cubeDepthTexture' ) {

				uniformGPU = new NodeSampledCubeTexture( uniformNode.name, uniformNode.node, group );
				bindings.push( uniformGPU );

			} else if ( type === 'texture3D' ) {

				uniformGPU = new NodeSampledTexture3D( uniformNode.name, uniformNode.node, group );
				bindings.push( uniformGPU );

			} else if ( type === 'buffer' ) {

				uniformNode.name = `buffer${ node.id }`;

				const sharedData = this.getSharedDataFromNode( node );

				let buffer = sharedData.buffer;

				if ( buffer === undefined ) {

					node.name = `NodeBuffer_${ node.id }`;

					buffer = new NodeUniformBuffer( node, group );
					buffer.name = node.name;

					sharedData.buffer = buffer;

				}

				bindings.push( buffer );

				uniformGPU = buffer;

			} else {

				let uniformsGroup = this.uniformGroups[ groupName ];

				if ( uniformsGroup === undefined ) {

					uniformsGroup = new NodeUniformsGroup( groupName, group );

					this.uniformGroups[ groupName ] = uniformsGroup;

					bindings.push( uniformsGroup );

				} else {

					// Add to bindings for this stage if not already present
					if ( bindings.indexOf( uniformsGroup ) === -1 ) {

						bindings.push( uniformsGroup );

					}

				}

				uniformGPU = this.getNodeUniform( uniformNode, type );

				// Only add uniform if not already present in the group (check by name to avoid duplicates across stages)
				const uniformName = uniformGPU.name;
				const alreadyExists = uniformsGroup.uniforms.some( u => u.name === uniformName );

				if ( ! alreadyExists ) {

					uniformsGroup.addUniform( uniformGPU );

				}

			}

			nodeData.uniformGPU = uniformGPU;

		}

		return uniformNode;

	}

}

let _vector2 = null;
let _color4 = null;

/**
 * Most of the rendering related logic is implemented in the
 * {@link Renderer} module and related management components.
 * Sometimes it is required though to execute commands which are
 * specific to the current 3D backend (which is WebGPU or WebGL 2).
 * This abstract base class defines an interface that encapsulates
 * all backend-related logic. Derived classes for each backend must
 * implement the interface.
 *
 * @abstract
 */
class Backend {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new backend.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} parameters - An object holding parameters for the backend.
	 */
	constructor( parameters = {} ) {

		/**
		 * The parameters of the backend.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.parameters = Object.assign( {}, parameters );

		/**
		 * This weak map holds backend-specific data of objects
		 * like textures, attributes or render targets.
		 *
		 * @type {WeakMap<Object, Object>}
		 */
		this.data = new WeakMap();

		/**
		 * A reference to the renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {?Renderer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.renderer = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the canvas element the renderer is drawing to.
		 *
		 * @type {?(HTMLCanvasElement|OffscreenCanvas)}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.domElement = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the timestamp query pool.
   		 *
   		 * @type {{render: ?TimestampQueryPool, compute: ?TimestampQueryPool}}
		 */
		this.timestampQueryPool = {
			[ TimestampQuery.RENDER ]: null,
			[ TimestampQuery.COMPUTE ]: null
		};

		/**
		 * Whether to track timestamps with a Timestamp Query API or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.trackTimestamp = ( parameters.trackTimestamp === true );

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the backend so it is ready for usage. Concrete backends
	 * are supposed to implement their rendering context creation and related
	 * operations in this method.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the backend has been initialized.
	 */
	async init( renderer ) {

		this.renderer = renderer;

	}

	/**
	 * The coordinate system of the backend.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @type {number}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get coordinateSystem() {}

	// render context

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the beginning of a render call and
	 * can be used by the backend to prepare the state for upcoming
	 * draw calls.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	beginRender( /*renderContext*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the end of a render call and
	 * can be used by the backend to finalize work after draw
	 * calls.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	finishRender( /*renderContext*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * Sets the XR rendering destination.
	 *
	 * Backends that render directly into XR framebuffers can override this hook.
	 *
	 * @param {?Object} xrTarget - The XR rendering destination.
	 */
	setXRTarget( /*xrTarget*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the beginning of a compute call and
	 * can be used by the backend to prepare the state for upcoming
	 * compute tasks.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The compute node(s).
	 */
	beginCompute( /*computeGroup*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the end of a compute call and
	 * can be used by the backend to finalize work after compute
	 * tasks.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The compute node(s).
	 */
	finishCompute( /*computeGroup*/ ) {}

	// render object

	/**
	 * Executes a draw command for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object to draw.
	 * @param {Info} info - Holds a series of statistical information about the GPU memory and the rendering process.
	 */
	draw( /*renderObject, info*/ ) { }

	// compute node

	/**
	 * Executes a compute command for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The group of compute nodes of a compute call. Can be a single compute node.
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 * @param {ComputePipeline} computePipeline - The compute pipeline.
	 */
	compute( /*computeGroup, computeNode, computeBindings, computePipeline*/ ) { }

	// program

	/**
	 * Creates a shader program from the given programmable stage.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} program - The programmable stage.
	 */
	createProgram( /*program*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Destroys the shader program of the given programmable stage.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} program - The programmable stage.
	 */
	destroyProgram( /*program*/ ) { }

	// bindings

	/**
	 * Creates bindings from the given bind group definition.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - Array of bind groups.
	 * @param {number} cacheIndex - The cache index.
	 * @param {number} version - The version.
	 */
	createBindings( /*bindGroup, bindings, cacheIndex, version*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Updates the given bind group definition.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - Array of bind groups.
	 * @param {number} cacheIndex - The cache index.
	 * @param {number} version - The version.
	 */
	updateBindings( /*bindGroup, bindings, cacheIndex, version*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Updates a buffer binding.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Buffer} binding - The buffer binding to update.
	 */
	updateBinding( /*binding*/ ) { }

	// pipeline

	/**
	 * Creates a render pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Array<Promise>} promises - An array of compilation promises which are used in `compileAsync()`.
	 */
	createRenderPipeline( /*renderObject, promises*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Creates a compute pipeline for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {ComputePipeline} computePipeline - The compute pipeline.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 */
	createComputePipeline( /*computePipeline, bindings*/ ) { }

	// cache key

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the render pipeline requires an update.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the render pipeline requires an update or not.
	 */
	needsRenderUpdate( /*renderObject*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Returns a cache key that is used to identify render pipelines.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {string} The cache key.
	 */
	getRenderCacheKey( /*renderObject*/ ) { }

	// node builder

	/**
	 * Returns a node builder for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {NodeBuilder} The node builder.
	 */
	createNodeBuilder( /*renderObject, renderer*/ ) { }

	// textures

	/**
	 * Updates a GPU sampler for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to update.
	 * @return {string} The current sampler key.
	 */
	updateSampler( /*binding*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Frees the GPU sampler for the given sampler binding.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to free.
	 */
	destroySampler( /*binding*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Creates a default texture for the given texture that can be used
	 * as a placeholder until the actual texture is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to create a default texture for.
	 */
	createDefaultTexture( /*texture*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Defines a texture on the GPU for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	createTexture( /*texture, options={}*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Uploads the updated texture data to the GPU.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	updateTexture( /*texture, options = {}*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Generates mipmaps for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 */
	generateMipmaps( /*texture*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU data for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {boolean} [isDefaultTexture=false] - Whether the texture uses a default GPU texture or not.
	 */
	destroyTexture( /*texture, isDefaultTexture*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Returns texture data as a typed array.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @async
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to copy.
	 * @param {number} x - The x coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} y - The y coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy.
	 * @param {number} faceIndex - The face index.
	 * @return {Promise<TypedArray>} A Promise that resolves with a typed array when the copy operation has finished.
	 */
	async copyTextureToBuffer( /*texture, x, y, width, height, faceIndex*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * Copies data of the given source texture to the given destination texture.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Texture} srcTexture - The source texture.
	 * @param {Texture} dstTexture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {?(Box3|Box2)} [srcRegion=null] - The region of the source texture to copy.
	 * @param {?(Vector2|Vector3)} [dstPosition=null] - The destination position of the copy.
	 * @param {number} [srcLevel=0] - The source mip level to copy from.
	 * @param {number} [dstLevel=0] - The destination mip level to copy to.
	 */
	copyTextureToTexture( /*srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion = null, dstPosition = null, srcLevel = 0, dstLevel = 0*/ ) {}

	/**
	* Copies the current bound framebuffer to the given texture.
	*
	* @abstract
	* @param {Texture} texture - The destination texture.
	* @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	* @param {Vector4} rectangle - A four dimensional vector defining the origin and dimension of the copy.
	*/
	copyFramebufferToTexture( /*texture, renderContext, rectangle*/ ) {}

	// attributes

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	createAttribute( /*attribute*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of an indexed shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The indexed buffer attribute.
	 */
	createIndexAttribute( /*attribute*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of a storage attribute.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	createStorageAttribute( /*attribute*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Creates a uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Buffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer.
	 */
	createUniformBuffer( /*uniformBuffer*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Destroys a uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {Buffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer.
	 */
	destroyUniformBuffer( /*uniformBuffer*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Updates the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute to update.
	 */
	updateAttribute( /*attribute*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute to destroy.
	 */
	destroyAttribute( /*attribute*/ ) { }

	// canvas

	/**
	 * Returns the backend's rendering context.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @return {Object} The rendering context.
	 */
	getContext() { }

	/**
	 * Backends can use this method if they have to run
	 * logic when the renderer gets resized.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 */
	updateSize() { }

	/**
	 * Updates the viewport with the values from the given render context.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	updateViewport( /*renderContext*/ ) {}

	// utils

	/**
	 * Updates a unique identifier for the given render context that can be used
	 * to allocate resources like occlusion queries or timestamp queries.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext|ComputeNode} abstractRenderContext - The render context.
	 */
	updateTimeStampUID( abstractRenderContext ) {

		const contextData = this.get( abstractRenderContext );
		const frame = this.renderer.info.frame;

		let prefix;

		if ( abstractRenderContext.isComputeNode === true ) {

			prefix = 'c:' + this.renderer.info.compute.frameCalls;

		} else {

			prefix = 'r:' + this.renderer.info.render.frameCalls;

		}

		contextData.timestampUID = prefix + ':' + abstractRenderContext.id + ':f' + frame;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a unique identifier for the given render context that can be used
	 * to allocate resources like occlusion queries or timestamp queries.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext|ComputeNode} abstractRenderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {string} The unique identifier.
	 */
	getTimestampUID( abstractRenderContext ) {

		return this.get( abstractRenderContext ).timestampUID;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns all timestamp frames for the given type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the time stamp.
	 * @return {Array<number>} The timestamp frames.
	 */
	getTimestampFrames( type ) {

		const queryPool = this.timestampQueryPool[ type ];

		return queryPool ? queryPool.getTimestampFrames() : [];

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the query pool for the given uid.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - The unique identifier.
	 * @return {TimestampQueryPool} The query pool.
	 */
	_getQueryPool( uid ) {

		const type = uid.startsWith( 'c:' ) ? TimestampQuery.COMPUTE : TimestampQuery.RENDER;
		const queryPool = this.timestampQueryPool[ type ];

		return queryPool;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the timestamp for the given uid.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - The unique identifier.
	 * @return {number} The timestamp.
	 */
	getTimestamp( uid ) {

		const queryPool = this._getQueryPool( uid );

		return queryPool.getTimestamp( uid );

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the backend supports query timestamps or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get hasTimestamp() {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if a timestamp for the given uid is available.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - The unique identifier.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the timestamp is available or not.
	 */
	hasTimestampQuery( uid ) {

		const queryPool = this._getQueryPool( uid );

		return queryPool.hasTimestampQuery( uid );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given 3D object is fully occluded by other
	 * 3D objects in the scene. Backends must implement this method by using
	 * a Occlusion Query API.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the 3D object is fully occluded or not.
	 */
	isOccluded( /*renderContext, object*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * Resolves the time stamp for the given render context and type.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} [type='render'] - The type of the time stamp.
	 * @return {Promise<number>} A Promise that resolves with the time stamp.
	 */
	async resolveTimestampsAsync( type = 'render' ) {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp ) {

			warnOnce( 'WebGPURenderer: Timestamp tracking is disabled.' );
			return;

		}

		const queryPool = this.timestampQueryPool[ type ];

		if ( ! queryPool ) {

			return;

		}

		const duration = await queryPool.resolveQueriesAsync();

		this.renderer.info[ type ].timestamp = duration;

		return duration;

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs a readback operation by moving buffer data from
	 * a storage buffer attribute from the GPU to the CPU.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {StorageBufferAttribute} attribute - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @return {Promise<ArrayBuffer>} A promise that resolves with the buffer data when the data are ready.
	 */
	async getArrayBufferAsync( /* attribute */ ) {}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given feature is supported by the backend.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} name - The feature's name.
	 * @return {Promise<boolean>} A Promise that resolves with a bool that indicates whether the feature is supported or not.
	 */
	async hasFeatureAsync( /*name*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Checks if the given feature is supported  by the backend.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} name - The feature's name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the feature is supported or not.
	 */
	hasFeature( /*name*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * Returns the drawing buffer size.
	 *
	 * @return {Vector2} The drawing buffer size.
	 */
	getDrawingBufferSize() {

		_vector2 = _vector2 || new Vector2();

		return this.renderer.getDrawingBufferSize( _vector2 );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the scissor test.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {boolean} boolean - Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
	 */
	setScissorTest( /*boolean*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Resets the backend's internal state. A no-op for backends without a state cache (e.g. WebGPU).
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 */
	resetState() { }

	/**
	 * Returns the clear color and alpha into a single
	 * color object.
	 *
	 * @return {Color4} The clear color.
	 */
	getClearColor() {

		const renderer = this.renderer;

		_color4 = _color4 || new Color4();

		renderer.getClearColor( _color4 );

		_color4.getRGB( _color4 );

		return _color4;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the DOM element. If no DOM element exists, the backend
	 * creates a new one.
	 *
	 * @return {HTMLCanvasElement} The DOM element.
	 */
	getDomElement() {

		let domElement = this.domElement;

		if ( domElement === null ) {

			domElement = ( this.parameters.canvas !== undefined ) ? this.parameters.canvas : createCanvasElement();

			// OffscreenCanvas does not have setAttribute, see #22811
			if ( 'setAttribute' in domElement ) domElement.setAttribute( 'data-engine', `three.js r${REVISION} webgpu` );

			this.domElement = domElement;

		}

		return domElement;

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the backend has the given compatibility.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} name - The compatibility.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the backend has the given compatibility or not.
	 */
	hasCompatibility( /*name*/ ) {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the render target defined in the given render context.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	initRenderTarget( /*renderContext*/ ) {}

	/**
	 * Sets a dictionary for the given object into the
	 * internal data structure.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} object - The object.
	 * @param {Object} value - The dictionary to set.
	 */
	set( object, value ) {

		this.data.set( object, value );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the dictionary for the given object.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} object - The object.
	 * @return {Object} The object's dictionary.
	 */
	get( object ) {

		let map = this.data.get( object );

		if ( map === undefined ) {

			map = {};
			this.data.set( object, map );

		}

		return map;

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given object has a dictionary
	 * with data defined.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} object - The object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether a dictionary for the given object as been defined or not.
	 */
	has( object ) {

		return this.data.has( object );

	}

	/**
	 * Deletes an object from the internal data structure.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} object - The object to delete.
	 */
	delete( object ) {

		this.data.delete( object );

	}

	/**
	 * Delete GPU data associated with a bind group.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 */
	deleteBindGroupData( /*bindGroup*/ ) { }

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 */
	dispose() { }

}

let _id$1 = 0;

/**
 * This module is internally used in context of compute shaders.
 * This type of shader is not natively supported in WebGL 2 and
 * thus implemented via Transform Feedback. `DualAttributeData`
 * manages the related data.
 *
 * @private
 */
class DualAttributeData {

	constructor( attributeData, dualBuffer ) {

		this.buffers = [ attributeData.bufferGPU, dualBuffer ];
		this.type = attributeData.type;
		this.bufferType = attributeData.bufferType;
		this.pbo = attributeData.pbo;
		this.byteLength = attributeData.byteLength;
		this.bytesPerElement = attributeData.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;
		this.version = attributeData.version;
		this.isInteger = attributeData.isInteger;
		this.activeBufferIndex = 0;
		this.baseId = attributeData.id;

	}


	get id() {

		return `${ this.baseId }|${ this.activeBufferIndex }`;

	}

	get bufferGPU() {

		return this.buffers[ this.activeBufferIndex ];

	}

	get transformBuffer() {

		return this.buffers[ this.activeBufferIndex ^ 1 ];

	}

	switchBuffers() {

		this.activeBufferIndex ^= 1;

	}

}

/**
 * A WebGL 2 backend utility module for managing shader attributes.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGLAttributeUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBackend} backend - The WebGL 2 backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGL 2 backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer for the given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 * @param {GLenum } bufferType - A flag that indicates the buffer type and thus binding point target.
	 */
	createAttribute( attribute, bufferType ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const { gl } = backend;

		const array = attribute.array;
		const usage = attribute.usage || gl.STATIC_DRAW;

		const bufferAttribute = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data : attribute;
		const bufferData = backend.get( bufferAttribute );

		let bufferGPU = bufferData.bufferGPU;

		if ( bufferGPU === undefined ) {

			bufferGPU = this._createBuffer( gl, bufferType, array, usage );

			bufferData.bufferGPU = bufferGPU;
			bufferData.bufferType = bufferType;
			bufferData.version = bufferAttribute.version;

		}

		//attribute.onUploadCallback();

		let type;

		if ( array instanceof Float32Array ) {

			type = gl.FLOAT;

		} else if ( typeof Float16Array !== 'undefined' && array instanceof Float16Array ) {

			type = gl.HALF_FLOAT;

		} else if ( array instanceof Uint16Array ) {

			if ( attribute.isFloat16BufferAttribute ) {

				type = gl.HALF_FLOAT;

			} else {

				type = gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT;

			}

		} else if ( array instanceof Int16Array ) {

			type = gl.SHORT;

		} else if ( array instanceof Uint32Array ) {

			type = gl.UNSIGNED_INT;

		} else if ( array instanceof Int32Array ) {

			type = gl.INT;

		} else if ( array instanceof Int8Array ) {

			type = gl.BYTE;

		} else if ( array instanceof Uint8Array ) {

			type = gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE;

		} else if ( array instanceof Uint8ClampedArray ) {

			type = gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE;

		} else {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGLBackend: Unsupported buffer data format: ' + array );

		}

		let attributeData = {
			bufferGPU,
			bufferType,
			type,
			byteLength: array.byteLength,
			bytesPerElement: array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT,
			version: attribute.version,
			pbo: attribute.pbo,
			isInteger: type === gl.INT || type === gl.UNSIGNED_INT || attribute.gpuType === IntType,
			id: _id$1 ++
		};

		if ( attribute.isStorageBufferAttribute || attribute.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

			// create buffer for transform feedback use
			const bufferGPUDual = this._createBuffer( gl, bufferType, array, usage );
			attributeData = new DualAttributeData( attributeData, bufferGPUDual );

		}

		backend.set( attribute, attributeData );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the GPU buffer of the given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	updateAttribute( attribute ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const { gl } = backend;

		const array = attribute.array;
		const bufferAttribute = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data : attribute;
		const bufferData = backend.get( bufferAttribute );
		const bufferType = bufferData.bufferType;
		const updateRanges = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data.updateRanges : attribute.updateRanges;

		gl.bindBuffer( bufferType, bufferData.bufferGPU );

		if ( updateRanges.length === 0 ) {

			// Not using update ranges

			gl.bufferSubData( bufferType, 0, array );

		} else {

			for ( let i = 0, l = updateRanges.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

				const range = updateRanges[ i ];
				gl.bufferSubData( bufferType, range.start * array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT,
					array, range.start, range.count );

			}

			bufferAttribute.clearUpdateRanges();

		}

		gl.bindBuffer( bufferType, null );

		bufferData.version = bufferAttribute.version;

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU buffer of the given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	destroyAttribute( attribute ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const { gl } = backend;

		if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) {

			backend.delete( attribute.data );

		}

		const attributeData = backend.get( attribute );

		gl.deleteBuffer( attributeData.bufferGPU );

		backend.delete( attribute );

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs a readback operation by moving buffer data from
	 * a storage buffer attribute from the GPU to the CPU. ReadbackBuffer can
	 * be used to retain and reuse handles to the intermediate buffers and prevent
	 * new allocation.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The storage buffer attribute to read frm.
	 * @param {ReadbackBuffer|ArrayBuffer} target - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {number} offset - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {number} count - The offset from which to start reading the
	 * @return {Promise<ArrayBuffer|ReadbackBuffer>} A promise that resolves with the buffer data when the data are ready.
	 */
	async getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target = null, offset = 0, count = -1 ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const { gl } = backend;

		const bufferAttribute = attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ? attribute.data : attribute;
		const attributeInfo = backend.get( bufferAttribute );
		const { bufferGPU } = attributeInfo;

		const byteLength = count === -1 ? attributeInfo.byteLength - offset : count;

		// read the data back
		let dstBuffer;
		if ( target === null ) {

			dstBuffer = new Uint8Array( new ArrayBuffer( byteLength ) );

		} else if ( target.isReadbackBuffer ) {

			if ( target._mapped === true ) {

				throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGPURenderer: ReadbackBuffer must be released before being used again.' );

			}

			const releaseCallback = () => {

				target.buffer = null;
				target._mapped = false;
				target.removeEventListener( 'release', releaseCallback );
				target.removeEventListener( 'dispose', releaseCallback );

			};

			target.addEventListener( 'release', releaseCallback );
			target.addEventListener( 'dispose', releaseCallback );

			// WebGL has no concept of a "mapped" data buffer so we create a new buffer, instead.
			dstBuffer = new Uint8Array( new ArrayBuffer( byteLength ) );
			target.buffer = dstBuffer.buffer;

		} else {

			dstBuffer = new Uint8Array( target );

		}

		// Ensure the buffer is bound before reading
		gl.bindBuffer( gl.COPY_READ_BUFFER, bufferGPU );
		gl.getBufferSubData( gl.COPY_READ_BUFFER, offset, dstBuffer );

		gl.bindBuffer( gl.COPY_READ_BUFFER, null );
		gl.bindBuffer( gl.COPY_WRITE_BUFFER, null );

		// return the appropriate type
		if ( target && target.isReadbackBuffer ) {

			return target;

		} else {

			return dstBuffer.buffer;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a WebGL buffer with the given data.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {WebGL2RenderingContext} gl - The rendering context.
	 * @param {GLenum } bufferType - A flag that indicates the buffer type and thus binding point target.
	 * @param {TypedArray} array - The array of the buffer attribute.
	 * @param {GLenum} usage - The usage.
	 * @return {WebGLBuffer} The WebGL buffer.
	 */
	_createBuffer( gl, bufferType, array, usage ) {

		const bufferGPU = gl.createBuffer();

		gl.bindBuffer( bufferType, bufferGPU );
		gl.bufferData( bufferType, array, usage );
		gl.bindBuffer( bufferType, null );

		return bufferGPU;

	}

}

let equationToGL, factorToGL;

/**
 * A WebGL 2 backend utility module for managing the WebGL state.
 *
 * The major goal of this module is to reduce the number of state changes
 * by caching the WEbGL state with a series of variables. In this way, the
 * renderer only executes state change commands when necessary which
 * improves the overall performance.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGLState {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBackend} backend - The WebGL 2 backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGL 2 backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * A reference to the rendering context.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGL2RenderingContext}
		 */
		this.gl = this.backend.gl;

		// Below properties are intended to cache
		// the WebGL state and are not explicitly
		// documented for convenience reasons.

		this.enabled = {};
		this.parameters = {};
		this.currentFlipSided = null;
		this.currentCullFace = null;
		this.currentProgram = null;
		this.currentBlendingEnabled = false;
		this.currentBlending = null;
		this.currentBlendEquation = null;
		this.currentBlendEquationAlpha = null;
		this.currentBlendSrc = null;
		this.currentBlendDst = null;
		this.currentBlendSrcAlpha = null;
		this.currentBlendDstAlpha = null;
		this.currentPremultipledAlpha = null;
		this.currentPolygonOffsetFactor = null;
		this.currentPolygonOffsetUnits = null;
		this.currentColorMask = null;
		this.currentDepthReversed = false;
		this.currentDepthFunc = null;
		this.currentDepthMask = null;
		this.currentStencilFunc = null;
		this.currentStencilRef = null;
		this.currentStencilFuncMask = null;
		this.currentStencilFail = null;
		this.currentStencilZFail = null;
		this.currentStencilZPass = null;
		this.currentStencilMask = null;
		this.currentLineWidth = null;
		this.currentClippingPlanes = 0;

		this.currentVAO = null;
		this.currentIndex = null;

		this.currentBoundFramebuffers = {};
		this.currentDrawbuffers = new WeakMap();

		this.maxTextures = this.gl.getParameter( this.gl.MAX_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS );
		this.currentTextureSlot = null;
		this.currentBoundTextures = {};
		this.currentBoundBufferBases = {};

		this._init();

	}

	/**
	 * Inits the state of the utility.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_init() {

		const gl = this.gl;

		// Store only WebGL constants here.

		equationToGL = {
			[ AddEquation ]: gl.FUNC_ADD,
			[ SubtractEquation ]: gl.FUNC_SUBTRACT,
			[ ReverseSubtractEquation ]: gl.FUNC_REVERSE_SUBTRACT
		};

		factorToGL = {
			[ ZeroFactor ]: gl.ZERO,
			[ OneFactor ]: gl.ONE,
			[ SrcColorFactor ]: gl.SRC_COLOR,
			[ SrcAlphaFactor ]: gl.SRC_ALPHA,
			[ SrcAlphaSaturateFactor ]: gl.SRC_ALPHA_SATURATE,
			[ DstColorFactor ]: gl.DST_COLOR,
			[ DstAlphaFactor ]: gl.DST_ALPHA,
			[ OneMinusSrcColorFactor ]: gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR,
			[ OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor ]: gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA,
			[ OneMinusDstColorFactor ]: gl.ONE_MINUS_DST_COLOR,
			[ OneMinusDstAlphaFactor ]: gl.ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA
		};

		const scissorParam = gl.getParameter( gl.SCISSOR_BOX );
		const viewportParam = gl.getParameter( gl.VIEWPORT );

		this.currentScissor = new Vector4().fromArray( scissorParam );
		this.currentViewport = new Vector4().fromArray( viewportParam );

		this._tempVec4 = new Vector4();

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the given WebGL capability.
	 *
	 * This method caches the capability state so
	 * `gl.enable()` is only called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {GLenum} id - The capability to enable.
	 */
	enable( id ) {

		const { enabled } = this;

		if ( enabled[ id ] !== true ) {

			this.gl.enable( id );
			enabled[ id ] = true;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Disables the given WebGL capability.
	 *
	 * This method caches the capability state so
	 * `gl.disable()` is only called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {GLenum} id - The capability to enable.
	 */
	disable( id ) {

		const { enabled } = this;

		if ( enabled[ id ] !== false ) {

			this.gl.disable( id );
			enabled[ id ] = false;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether polygons are front- or back-facing
	 * by setting the winding orientation.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.frontFace()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} flipSided - Whether triangles flipped their sides or not.
	 */
	setFlipSided( flipSided ) {

		if ( this.currentFlipSided !== flipSided ) {

			const { gl } = this;

			if ( flipSided ) {

				gl.frontFace( gl.CW );

			} else {

				gl.frontFace( gl.CCW );

			}

			this.currentFlipSided = flipSided;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether or not front- and/or back-facing
	 * polygons can be culled.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.cullFace()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} cullFace - Defines which polygons are candidates for culling.
	 */
	setCullFace( cullFace ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		if ( cullFace !== CullFaceNone ) {

			this.enable( gl.CULL_FACE );

			if ( cullFace !== this.currentCullFace ) {

				if ( cullFace === CullFaceBack ) {

					gl.cullFace( gl.BACK );

				} else if ( cullFace === CullFaceFront ) {

					gl.cullFace( gl.FRONT );

				} else {

					gl.cullFace( gl.FRONT_AND_BACK );

				}

			}

		} else {

			this.disable( gl.CULL_FACE );

		}

		this.currentCullFace = cullFace;

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies the width of line primitives.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.lineWidth()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The line width.
	 */
	setLineWidth( width ) {

		const { currentLineWidth, gl } = this;

		if ( width !== currentLineWidth ) {

			gl.lineWidth( width );

			this.currentLineWidth = width;

		}

	}

	setMRTBlending( textures, mrt, material ) {

		const gl = this.gl;
		const drawBuffersIndexedExt = this.backend.drawBuffersIndexedExt;

		if ( ! drawBuffersIndexedExt ) {

			warnOnce( 'WebGPURenderer: Multiple Render Targets (MRT) blending configuration is not fully supported in compatibility mode. The material blending will be used for all render targets.' );

			return;

		}

		for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

			const texture = textures[ i ];

			let blending = null;

			if ( mrt !== null ) {

				const blendMode = mrt.getBlendMode( texture.name );

				if ( blendMode.blending === MaterialBlending ) {

					// use material blending
					blending = material;

				} else if ( blendMode.blending !== NoBlending ) {

					blending = blendMode;

				}

			} else {

				// use material blending
				blending = material;

			}

			if ( blending !== null ) {

				this._setMRTBlendingIndex( i, blending );

			} else {

				// use opaque blending (no blending)
				drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( i, gl.ONE, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE, gl.ZERO );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Applies blending configuration for a specific draw buffer index.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} index - The draw buffer index.
	 * @param {Object} blending - The blending configuration (material or BlendMode).
	 */
	_setMRTBlendingIndex( index, blending ) {

		const { gl } = this;
		const drawBuffersIndexedExt = this.backend.drawBuffersIndexedExt;

		const blendingType = blending.blending;
		const blendSrc = blending.blendSrc;
		const blendDst = blending.blendDst;
		const blendEquation = blending.blendEquation;
		const premultipliedAlpha = blending.premultipliedAlpha;

		if ( blendingType === CustomBlending ) {

			const blendSrcAlpha = blending.blendSrcAlpha !== null ? blending.blendSrcAlpha : blendSrc;
			const blendDstAlpha = blending.blendDstAlpha !== null ? blending.blendDstAlpha : blendDst;
			const blendEquationAlpha = blending.blendEquationAlpha !== null ? blending.blendEquationAlpha : blendEquation;

			drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendEquationSeparateiOES( index, equationToGL[ blendEquation ], equationToGL[ blendEquationAlpha ] );
			drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, factorToGL[ blendSrc ], factorToGL[ blendDst ], factorToGL[ blendSrcAlpha ], factorToGL[ blendDstAlpha ] );

		} else {

			drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendEquationSeparateiOES( index, gl.FUNC_ADD, gl.FUNC_ADD );

			if ( premultipliedAlpha ) {

				switch ( blendingType ) {

					case NormalBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA );
						break;

					case AdditiveBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.ONE, gl.ONE, gl.ONE, gl.ONE );
						break;

					case SubtractiveBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE );
						break;

					case MultiplyBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.DST_COLOR, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE );
						break;

					default:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA );
						break;

				}

			} else {

				switch ( blendingType ) {

					case NormalBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA );
						break;

					case AdditiveBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE, gl.ONE );
						break;

					case SubtractiveBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE );
						break;

					case MultiplyBlending:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.DST_COLOR, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE );
						break;

					default:
						drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( index, gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA );
						break;

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the blending.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.blendEquation()`, `gl.blendEquationSeparate()`,
	 * `gl.blendFunc()` and  `gl.blendFuncSeparate()` are only called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} blending - The blending type.
	 * @param {number} blendEquation - The blending equation.
	 * @param {number} blendSrc - Only relevant for custom blending. The RGB source blending factor.
	 * @param {number} blendDst - Only relevant for custom blending. The RGB destination blending factor.
	 * @param {number} blendEquationAlpha - Only relevant for custom blending. The blending equation for alpha.
	 * @param {number} blendSrcAlpha - Only relevant for custom blending. The alpha source blending factor.
	 * @param {number} blendDstAlpha - Only relevant for custom blending. The alpha destination blending factor.
	 * @param {boolean} premultipliedAlpha - Whether premultiplied alpha is enabled or not.
	 */
	setBlending( blending, blendEquation, blendSrc, blendDst, blendEquationAlpha, blendSrcAlpha, blendDstAlpha, premultipliedAlpha ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		if ( blending === NoBlending ) {

			if ( this.currentBlendingEnabled === true ) {

				this.disable( gl.BLEND );
				this.currentBlendingEnabled = false;

			}

			return;

		}

		if ( this.currentBlendingEnabled === false ) {

			this.enable( gl.BLEND );
			this.currentBlendingEnabled = true;

		}

		if ( blending !== CustomBlending ) {

			if ( blending !== this.currentBlending || premultipliedAlpha !== this.currentPremultipledAlpha ) {

				if ( this.currentBlendEquation !== AddEquation || this.currentBlendEquationAlpha !== AddEquation ) {

					gl.blendEquation( gl.FUNC_ADD );

					this.currentBlendEquation = AddEquation;
					this.currentBlendEquationAlpha = AddEquation;

				}

				if ( premultipliedAlpha ) {

					switch ( blending ) {

						case NormalBlending:
							gl.blendFuncSeparate( gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA );
							break;

						case AdditiveBlending:
							gl.blendFunc( gl.ONE, gl.ONE );
							break;

						case SubtractiveBlending:
							gl.blendFuncSeparate( gl.ZERO, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE );
							break;

						case MultiplyBlending:
							gl.blendFuncSeparate( gl.DST_COLOR, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE );
							break;

						default:
							error( 'WebGLState: Invalid blending: ', blending );
							break;

					}

				} else {

					switch ( blending ) {

						case NormalBlending:
							gl.blendFuncSeparate( gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA );
							break;

						case AdditiveBlending:
							gl.blendFuncSeparate( gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE, gl.ONE, gl.ONE );
							break;

						case SubtractiveBlending:
							error( 'WebGLState: SubtractiveBlending requires material.premultipliedAlpha = true' );
							break;

						case MultiplyBlending:
							error( 'WebGLState: MultiplyBlending requires material.premultipliedAlpha = true' );
							break;

						default:
							error( 'WebGLState: Invalid blending: ', blending );
							break;

					}

				}

				this.currentBlendSrc = null;
				this.currentBlendDst = null;
				this.currentBlendSrcAlpha = null;
				this.currentBlendDstAlpha = null;

				this.currentBlending = blending;
				this.currentPremultipledAlpha = premultipliedAlpha;

			}

			return;

		}

		// custom blending

		blendEquationAlpha = blendEquationAlpha || blendEquation;
		blendSrcAlpha = blendSrcAlpha || blendSrc;
		blendDstAlpha = blendDstAlpha || blendDst;

		if ( blendEquation !== this.currentBlendEquation || blendEquationAlpha !== this.currentBlendEquationAlpha ) {

			gl.blendEquationSeparate( equationToGL[ blendEquation ], equationToGL[ blendEquationAlpha ] );

			this.currentBlendEquation = blendEquation;
			this.currentBlendEquationAlpha = blendEquationAlpha;

		}

		if ( blendSrc !== this.currentBlendSrc || blendDst !== this.currentBlendDst || blendSrcAlpha !== this.currentBlendSrcAlpha || blendDstAlpha !== this.currentBlendDstAlpha ) {

			gl.blendFuncSeparate( factorToGL[ blendSrc ], factorToGL[ blendDst ], factorToGL[ blendSrcAlpha ], factorToGL[ blendDstAlpha ] );

			this.currentBlendSrc = blendSrc;
			this.currentBlendDst = blendDst;
			this.currentBlendSrcAlpha = blendSrcAlpha;
			this.currentBlendDstAlpha = blendDstAlpha;

		}

		this.currentBlending = blending;
		this.currentPremultipledAlpha = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether colors can be written when rendering
	 * into a framebuffer or not.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.colorMask()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} colorMask - The color mask.
	 */
	setColorMask( colorMask ) {

		if ( this.currentColorMask !== colorMask ) {

			this.gl.colorMask( colorMask, colorMask, colorMask, colorMask );
			this.currentColorMask = colorMask;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether the depth test is enabled or not.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} depthTest - Whether the depth test is enabled or not.
	 */
	setDepthTest( depthTest ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		if ( depthTest ) {

			this.enable( gl.DEPTH_TEST );

		} else {

			this.disable( gl.DEPTH_TEST );

		}

	}


	/**
	 * Configures the WebGL state to use a reversed depth buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} reversed - Whether the depth buffer is reversed or not.
	 */
	setReversedDepth( reversed ) {

		if ( this.currentDepthReversed !== reversed ) {

			const ext = this.backend.extensions.get( 'EXT_clip_control' );

			if ( reversed ) {

				ext.clipControlEXT( ext.LOWER_LEFT_EXT, ext.ZERO_TO_ONE_EXT );

			} else {

				ext.clipControlEXT( ext.LOWER_LEFT_EXT, ext.NEGATIVE_ONE_TO_ONE_EXT );

			}

			this.currentDepthReversed = reversed;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether depth values can be written when rendering
	 * into a framebuffer or not.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.depthMask()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} depthMask - The depth mask.
	 */
	setDepthMask( depthMask ) {

		if ( this.currentDepthMask !== depthMask ) {

			this.gl.depthMask( depthMask );
			this.currentDepthMask = depthMask;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies the depth compare function.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.depthFunc()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} depthFunc - The depth compare function.
	 */
	setDepthFunc( depthFunc ) {

		if ( this.currentDepthReversed ) depthFunc = ReversedDepthFuncs[ depthFunc ];

		if ( this.currentDepthFunc !== depthFunc ) {

			const { gl } = this;

			switch ( depthFunc ) {

				case NeverDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.NEVER );
					break;

				case AlwaysDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.ALWAYS );
					break;

				case LessDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.LESS );
					break;

				case LessEqualDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.LEQUAL );
					break;

				case EqualDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.EQUAL );
					break;

				case GreaterEqualDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.GEQUAL );
					break;

				case GreaterDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.GREATER );
					break;

				case NotEqualDepth:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.NOTEQUAL );
					break;

				default:

					gl.depthFunc( gl.LEQUAL );

			}

			this.currentDepthFunc = depthFunc;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies the scissor box.
	 *
	 * @param {number} x - The x-coordinate of the lower left corner of the viewport.
	 * @param {number} y - The y-coordinate of the lower left corner of the viewport.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the viewport.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the viewport.
	 *
	 */
	scissor( x, y, width, height ) {

		const scissor = this._tempVec4.set( x, y, width, height );

		if ( this.currentScissor.equals( scissor ) === false ) {

			const { gl } = this;

			gl.scissor( scissor.x, scissor.y, scissor.z, scissor.w );
			this.currentScissor.copy( scissor );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies the viewport.
	 *
	 * @param {number} x - The x-coordinate of the lower left corner of the viewport.
	 * @param {number} y - The y-coordinate of the lower left corner of the viewport.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the viewport.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the viewport.
	 *
	 */
	viewport( x, y, width, height ) {

		const viewport = this._tempVec4.set( x, y, width, height );

		if ( this.currentViewport.equals( viewport ) === false ) {

			const { gl } = this;

			gl.viewport( viewport.x, viewport.y, viewport.z, viewport.w );
			this.currentViewport.copy( viewport );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the scissor test.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} boolean - Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
	 */
	setScissorTest( boolean ) {

		const gl = this.gl;

		if ( boolean ) {

			this.enable( gl.SCISSOR_TEST );

		} else {

			this.disable( gl.SCISSOR_TEST );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether the stencil test is enabled or not.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} stencilTest - Whether the stencil test is enabled or not.
	 */
	setStencilTest( stencilTest ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		if ( stencilTest ) {

			this.enable( gl.STENCIL_TEST );

		} else {

			this.disable( gl.STENCIL_TEST );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether stencil values can be written when rendering
	 * into a framebuffer or not.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.stencilMask()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} stencilMask - The stencil mask.
	 */
	setStencilMask( stencilMask ) {

		if ( this.currentStencilMask !== stencilMask ) {

			this.gl.stencilMask( stencilMask );
			this.currentStencilMask = stencilMask;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether the stencil test functions.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.stencilFunc()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} stencilFunc - The stencil compare function.
	 * @param {number} stencilRef - The reference value for the stencil test.
	 * @param {number} stencilMask - A bit-wise mask that is used to AND the reference value and the stored stencil value when the test is done.
	 */
	setStencilFunc( stencilFunc, stencilRef, stencilMask ) {

		if ( this.currentStencilFunc !== stencilFunc ||
			 this.currentStencilRef !== stencilRef ||
			 this.currentStencilFuncMask !== stencilMask ) {

			this.gl.stencilFunc( stencilFunc, stencilRef, stencilMask );

			this.currentStencilFunc = stencilFunc;
			this.currentStencilRef = stencilRef;
			this.currentStencilFuncMask = stencilMask;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies whether the stencil test operation.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.stencilOp()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} stencilFail - The function to use when the stencil test fails.
	 * @param {number} stencilZFail - The function to use when the stencil test passes, but the depth test fail.
	 * @param {number} stencilZPass - The function to use when both the stencil test and the depth test pass,
	 * or when the stencil test passes and there is no depth buffer or depth testing is disabled.
	 */
	setStencilOp( stencilFail, stencilZFail, stencilZPass ) {

		if ( this.currentStencilFail !== stencilFail ||
			 this.currentStencilZFail !== stencilZFail ||
			 this.currentStencilZPass !== stencilZPass ) {

			this.gl.stencilOp( stencilFail, stencilZFail, stencilZPass );

			this.currentStencilFail = stencilFail;
			this.currentStencilZFail = stencilZFail;
			this.currentStencilZPass = stencilZPass;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Configures the WebGL state for the given material.
	 *
	 * @param {Material} material - The material to configure the state for.
	 * @param {number} frontFaceCW - Whether the front faces are counter-clockwise or not.
	 * @param {number} hardwareClippingPlanes - The number of hardware clipping planes.
	 */
	setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW, hardwareClippingPlanes ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		material.side === DoubleSide
			? this.disable( gl.CULL_FACE )
			: this.enable( gl.CULL_FACE );

		let flipSided = ( material.side === BackSide );
		if ( frontFaceCW ) flipSided = ! flipSided;

		this.setFlipSided( flipSided );

		( material.blending === NormalBlending && material.transparent === false )
			? this.setBlending( NoBlending )
			: this.setBlending( material.blending, material.blendEquation, material.blendSrc, material.blendDst, material.blendEquationAlpha, material.blendSrcAlpha, material.blendDstAlpha, material.premultipliedAlpha );

		this.setDepthFunc( material.depthFunc );
		this.setDepthTest( material.depthTest );
		this.setDepthMask( material.depthWrite );
		this.setColorMask( material.colorWrite );

		const stencilWrite = material.stencilWrite;
		this.setStencilTest( stencilWrite );
		if ( stencilWrite ) {

			this.setStencilMask( material.stencilWriteMask );
			this.setStencilFunc( material.stencilFunc, material.stencilRef, material.stencilFuncMask );
			this.setStencilOp( material.stencilFail, material.stencilZFail, material.stencilZPass );

		}

		this.setPolygonOffset( material.polygonOffset, material.polygonOffsetFactor, material.polygonOffsetUnits );

		material.alphaToCoverage === true && this.backend.renderer.currentSamples > 0
			? this.enable( gl.SAMPLE_ALPHA_TO_COVERAGE )
			: this.disable( gl.SAMPLE_ALPHA_TO_COVERAGE );

		if ( hardwareClippingPlanes > 0 ) {

			if ( this.currentClippingPlanes !== hardwareClippingPlanes ) {

				const CLIP_DISTANCE0_WEBGL = 0x3000;

				for ( let i = 0; i < 8; i ++ ) {

					if ( i < hardwareClippingPlanes ) {

						this.enable( CLIP_DISTANCE0_WEBGL + i );

					} else {

						this.disable( CLIP_DISTANCE0_WEBGL + i );

					}

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies the polygon offset.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.polygonOffset()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} polygonOffset - Whether polygon offset is enabled or not.
	 * @param {number} factor - The scale factor for the variable depth offset for each polygon.
	 * @param {number} units - The multiplier by which an implementation-specific value is multiplied with to create a constant depth offset.
	 */
	setPolygonOffset( polygonOffset, factor, units ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		if ( polygonOffset ) {

			this.enable( gl.POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL );

			if ( this.currentPolygonOffsetFactor !== factor || this.currentPolygonOffsetUnits !== units ) {

				gl.polygonOffset( factor, units );

				this.currentPolygonOffsetFactor = factor;
				this.currentPolygonOffsetUnits = units;

			}

		} else {

			this.disable( gl.POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the usage of the given WebGL program.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.useProgram()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLProgram} program - The WebGL program to use.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether a program change has been executed or not.
	 */
	useProgram( program ) {

		if ( this.currentProgram !== program ) {

			this.gl.useProgram( program );

			this.currentProgram = program;

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the vertex state by binding the given VAO and element buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLVertexArrayObject} vao - The VAO.
	 * @param {?WebGLBuffer} indexBuffer - The index buffer.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether a vertex state has been changed or not.
	 */
	setVertexState( vao, indexBuffer = null ) {

		const gl = this.gl;

		if ( this.currentVAO !== vao || this.currentIndex !== indexBuffer ) {

			gl.bindVertexArray( vao );

			if ( indexBuffer !== null ) {

				gl.bindBuffer( gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indexBuffer );

			}

			this.currentVAO = vao;
			this.currentIndex = indexBuffer;

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the vertex array state by resetting the VAO and element buffer.
	 */
	resetVertexState() {

		const gl = this.gl;

		gl.bindVertexArray( null );
		gl.bindBuffer( gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, null );

		this.currentVAO = null;
		this.currentIndex = null;

	}

	// framebuffer


	/**
	 * Binds the given framebuffer.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.bindFramebuffer()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} target - The binding point (target).
	 * @param {WebGLFramebuffer} framebuffer - The WebGL framebuffer to bind.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether a bind has been executed or not.
	 */
	bindFramebuffer( target, framebuffer ) {

		const { gl, currentBoundFramebuffers } = this;

		if ( currentBoundFramebuffers[ target ] !== framebuffer ) {

			gl.bindFramebuffer( target, framebuffer );

			currentBoundFramebuffers[ target ] = framebuffer;

			// gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER is equivalent to gl.FRAMEBUFFER

			if ( target === gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER ) {

				currentBoundFramebuffers[ gl.FRAMEBUFFER ] = framebuffer;

			}

			if ( target === gl.FRAMEBUFFER ) {

				currentBoundFramebuffers[ gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER ] = framebuffer;

			}

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines draw buffers to which fragment colors are written into.
	 * Configures the MRT setup of custom framebuffers.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.drawBuffers()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {WebGLFramebuffer} framebuffer - The WebGL framebuffer.
	 */
	drawBuffers( renderContext, framebuffer ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		let drawBuffers = [];

		let needsUpdate = false;

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null ) {

			drawBuffers = this.currentDrawbuffers.get( framebuffer );

			if ( drawBuffers === undefined ) {

				drawBuffers = [];
				this.currentDrawbuffers.set( framebuffer, drawBuffers );

			}


			const textures = renderContext.textures;

			if ( drawBuffers.length !== textures.length || drawBuffers[ 0 ] !== gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 ) {

				for ( let i = 0, il = textures.length; i < il; i ++ ) {

					drawBuffers[ i ] = gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i;

				}

				drawBuffers.length = textures.length;

				needsUpdate = true;

			}


		} else {

			if ( drawBuffers[ 0 ] !== gl.BACK ) {

				drawBuffers[ 0 ] = gl.BACK;

				needsUpdate = true;

			}

		}

		if ( needsUpdate ) {

			gl.drawBuffers( drawBuffers );

		}

	}


	// texture

	/**
	 * Makes the given texture unit active.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.activeTexture()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} webglSlot - The texture unit to make active.
	 */
	activeTexture( webglSlot ) {

		const { gl, currentTextureSlot, maxTextures } = this;

		if ( webglSlot === undefined ) webglSlot = gl.TEXTURE0 + maxTextures - 1;

		if ( currentTextureSlot !== webglSlot ) {

			gl.activeTexture( webglSlot );
			this.currentTextureSlot = webglSlot;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Binds the given WebGL texture to a target.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.bindTexture()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} webglType - The binding point (target).
	 * @param {WebGLTexture} webglTexture - The WebGL texture to bind.
	 * @param {number} webglSlot - The texture.
	 */
	bindTexture( webglType, webglTexture, webglSlot ) {

		const { gl, currentTextureSlot, currentBoundTextures, maxTextures } = this;

		if ( webglSlot === undefined ) {

			if ( currentTextureSlot === null ) {

				webglSlot = gl.TEXTURE0 + maxTextures - 1;

			} else {

				webglSlot = currentTextureSlot;

			}

		}

		let boundTexture = currentBoundTextures[ webglSlot ];

		if ( boundTexture === undefined ) {

			boundTexture = { type: undefined, texture: undefined };
			currentBoundTextures[ webglSlot ] = boundTexture;

		}

		if ( boundTexture.type !== webglType || boundTexture.texture !== webglTexture ) {

			if ( currentTextureSlot !== webglSlot ) {

				gl.activeTexture( webglSlot );
				this.currentTextureSlot = webglSlot;

			}

			gl.bindTexture( webglType, webglTexture );

			boundTexture.type = webglType;
			boundTexture.texture = webglTexture;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Binds a given WebGL buffer to a given binding point (target) at a given index.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.bindBufferBase()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 *
	 * @param {number} target - The target for the bind operation.
	 * @param {number} index - The index of the target.
	 * @param {WebGLBuffer} buffer - The WebGL buffer.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether a bind has been executed or not.
	 */
	bindBufferBase( target, index, buffer ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		const key = `${target}-${index}`;

		if ( this.currentBoundBufferBases[ key ] !== buffer ) {

			gl.bindBufferBase( target, index, buffer );
			this.currentBoundBufferBases[ key ] = buffer;

			return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Unbinds the current bound texture.
	 *
	 * This method caches the state so `gl.bindTexture()` is only
	 * called when necessary.
	 */
	unbindTexture() {

		const { gl, currentTextureSlot, currentBoundTextures } = this;

		const boundTexture = currentBoundTextures[ currentTextureSlot ];

		if ( boundTexture !== undefined && boundTexture.type !== undefined ) {

			gl.bindTexture( boundTexture.type, null );

			boundTexture.type = undefined;
			boundTexture.texture = undefined;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value for the given parameter.
	 *
	 * @param {number} name - The paramter to get the value for.
	 * @return {any} The value for the given parameter.
	 */
	getParameter( name ) {

		const { gl, parameters } = this;

		if ( parameters[ name ] !== undefined ) {

			return parameters[ name ];

		} else {

			return gl.getParameter( name );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Specifies a pixel storage mode.
	 *
	 * @param {number} name - The parameter to set.
	 * @param {any} value - A value to set the parameter to.
	 */
	pixelStorei( name, value ) {

		const { gl, parameters } = this;

		if ( parameters[ name ] !== value ) {

			gl.pixelStorei( name, value );
			parameters[ name ] = value;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Restores the WebGL state to its default and clears the cache so subsequent renderings
	 * re-apply the required state. Useful when the WebGL context is shared with other libraries.
	 */
	reset() {

		const { gl } = this;

		// reset WebGL state

		gl.disable( gl.BLEND );
		gl.disable( gl.CULL_FACE );
		gl.disable( gl.DEPTH_TEST );
		gl.disable( gl.POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL );
		gl.disable( gl.SCISSOR_TEST );
		gl.disable( gl.STENCIL_TEST );
		gl.disable( gl.SAMPLE_ALPHA_TO_COVERAGE );

		gl.blendEquation( gl.FUNC_ADD );
		gl.blendFunc( gl.ONE, gl.ZERO );
		gl.blendFuncSeparate( gl.ONE, gl.ZERO, gl.ONE, gl.ZERO );
		gl.blendColor( 0, 0, 0, 0 );

		gl.colorMask( true, true, true, true );
		gl.clearColor( 0, 0, 0, 0 );

		gl.depthMask( true );
		gl.depthFunc( gl.LESS );
		gl.clearDepth( 1 );

		gl.stencilMask( 0xffffffff );
		gl.stencilFunc( gl.ALWAYS, 0, 0xffffffff );
		gl.stencilOp( gl.KEEP, gl.KEEP, gl.KEEP );
		gl.clearStencil( 0 );

		gl.cullFace( gl.BACK );
		gl.frontFace( gl.CCW );

		gl.polygonOffset( 0, 0 );

		gl.activeTexture( gl.TEXTURE0 );

		gl.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, null );
		gl.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, null );
		gl.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, null );

		gl.useProgram( null );

		gl.lineWidth( 1 );

		gl.scissor( 0, 0, gl.canvas.width, gl.canvas.height );
		gl.viewport( 0, 0, gl.canvas.width, gl.canvas.height );

		gl.pixelStorei( gl.PACK_ALIGNMENT, 4 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 4 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL, false );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL, false );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_COLORSPACE_CONVERSION_WEBGL, gl.BROWSER_DEFAULT_WEBGL );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.PACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.PACK_SKIP_PIXELS, 0 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.PACK_SKIP_ROWS, 0 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT, 0 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS, 0 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS, 0 );
		gl.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_IMAGES, 0 );

		this.resetVertexState();

		// reset internal cache

		this.enabled = {};
		this.parameters = {};
		this.currentFlipSided = null;
		this.currentCullFace = null;
		this.currentProgram = null;
		this.currentBlendingEnabled = false;
		this.currentBlending = null;
		this.currentBlendEquation = null;
		this.currentBlendEquationAlpha = null;
		this.currentBlendSrc = null;
		this.currentBlendDst = null;
		this.currentBlendSrcAlpha = null;
		this.currentBlendDstAlpha = null;
		this.currentPremultipledAlpha = null;
		this.currentPolygonOffsetFactor = null;
		this.currentPolygonOffsetUnits = null;
		this.currentColorMask = null;
		this.currentDepthFunc = null;
		this.currentDepthMask = null;
		this.currentStencilFunc = null;
		this.currentStencilRef = null;
		this.currentStencilFuncMask = null;
		this.currentStencilFail = null;
		this.currentStencilZFail = null;
		this.currentStencilZPass = null;
		this.currentStencilMask = null;
		this.currentLineWidth = null;
		this.currentClippingPlanes = 0;

		this.currentBoundFramebuffers = {};
		this.currentDrawbuffers = new WeakMap();

		this.currentTextureSlot = null;
		this.currentBoundTextures = {};
		this.currentBoundBufferBases = {};

		this.currentScissor.set( 0, 0, gl.canvas.width, gl.canvas.height );
		this.currentViewport.set( 0, 0, gl.canvas.width, gl.canvas.height );

		// re-apply reversed depth if used by the renderer

		this.currentDepthReversed = false;

		if ( this.backend.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true ) {

			this.setReversedDepth( true );

		}

	}

}

/**
 * A WebGL 2 backend utility module with common helpers.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGLUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBackend} backend - The WebGL 2 backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGL 2 backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * A reference to the rendering context.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGL2RenderingContext}
		 */
		this.gl = this.backend.gl;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding extension-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLExtensions}
		 */
		this.extensions = backend.extensions;

	}

	/**
	 * Converts the given three.js constant into a WebGL constant.
	 * The method currently supports the conversion of texture formats
	 * and types.
	 *
	 * @param {number} p - The three.js constant.
	 * @param {string} [colorSpace=NoColorSpace] - The color space.
	 * @return {?number} The corresponding WebGL constant.
	 */
	convert( p, colorSpace = NoColorSpace ) {

		const { gl, extensions } = this;

		let extension;

		const transfer = ColorManagement.getTransfer( colorSpace );

		if ( p === UnsignedByteType ) return gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE;
		if ( p === UnsignedShort4444Type ) return gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4;
		if ( p === UnsignedShort5551Type ) return gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1;
		if ( p === UnsignedInt5999Type ) return gl.UNSIGNED_INT_5_9_9_9_REV;
		if ( p === UnsignedInt101111Type ) return gl.UNSIGNED_INT_10F_11F_11F_REV;

		if ( p === ByteType ) return gl.BYTE;
		if ( p === ShortType ) return gl.SHORT;
		if ( p === UnsignedShortType ) return gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT;
		if ( p === IntType ) return gl.INT;
		if ( p === UnsignedIntType ) return gl.UNSIGNED_INT;
		if ( p === FloatType ) return gl.FLOAT;

		if ( p === HalfFloatType ) {

			return gl.HALF_FLOAT;

		}

		if ( p === AlphaFormat ) return gl.ALPHA;
		if ( p === RGBFormat ) return gl.RGB;
		if ( p === RGBAFormat ) return gl.RGBA;
		if ( p === DepthFormat ) return gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT;
		if ( p === DepthStencilFormat ) return gl.DEPTH_STENCIL;

		// WebGL2 formats.

		if ( p === RedFormat ) return gl.RED;
		if ( p === RedIntegerFormat ) return gl.RED_INTEGER;
		if ( p === RGFormat ) return gl.RG;
		if ( p === RGIntegerFormat ) return gl.RG_INTEGER;
		if ( p === RGBAIntegerFormat ) return gl.RGBA_INTEGER;

		// S3TC

		if ( p === RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format || p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format || p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format || p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format ) {

			if ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) {

				extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_compressed_texture_s3tc_srgb' );

				if ( extension !== null ) {

					if ( p === RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB_S3TC_DXT1_EXT;
					if ( p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT;
					if ( p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT3_EXT;
					if ( p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT;

				} else {

					return null;

				}

			} else {

				extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_compressed_texture_s3tc' );

				if ( extension !== null ) {

					if ( p === RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGB_S3TC_DXT1_EXT;
					if ( p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT;
					if ( p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_EXT;
					if ( p === RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT;

				} else {

					return null;

				}

			}

		}

		// PVRTC

		if ( p === RGB_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format || p === RGB_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format || p === RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format || p === RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format ) {

			extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_compressed_texture_pvrtc' );

			if ( extension !== null ) {

				if ( p === RGB_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGB_PVRTC_4BPPV1_IMG;
				if ( p === RGB_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGB_PVRTC_2BPPV1_IMG;
				if ( p === RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_IMG;
				if ( p === RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_IMG;

			} else {

				return null;

			}

		}

		// ETC

		if ( p === RGB_ETC1_Format || p === RGB_ETC2_Format || p === RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format || p === R11_EAC_Format || p === SIGNED_R11_EAC_Format || p === RG11_EAC_Format || p === SIGNED_RG11_EAC_Format ) {

			extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_compressed_texture_etc' );

			if ( extension !== null ) {

				if ( p === RGB_ETC1_Format || p === RGB_ETC2_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ETC2 : extension.COMPRESSED_RGB8_ETC2;
				if ( p === RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ETC2_EAC : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA8_ETC2_EAC;
				if ( p === R11_EAC_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_R11_EAC;
				if ( p === SIGNED_R11_EAC_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SIGNED_R11_EAC;
				if ( p === RG11_EAC_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RG11_EAC;
				if ( p === SIGNED_RG11_EAC_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SIGNED_RG11_EAC;

			} else {

				return null;

			}

		}

		// ASTC

		if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format ||
			p === RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format ||
			p === RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format ||
			p === RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format ||
			p === RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format || p === RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format ) {

			extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_compressed_texture_astc' );

			if ( extension !== null ) {

				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_4x4_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_4x4_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_5x4_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_5x4_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_5x5_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_5x5_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_6x5_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_6x5_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_6x6_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_6x6_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_8x5_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_8x5_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_8x6_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_8x6_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_8x8_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_8x8_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_10x5_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_10x5_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_10x6_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_10x6_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_10x8_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_10x8_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_10x10_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_10x10_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_12x10_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_12x10_KHR;
				if ( p === RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB8_ALPHA8_ASTC_12x12_KHR : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_ASTC_12x12_KHR;

			} else {

				return null;

			}

		}

		// BPTC

		if ( p === RGBA_BPTC_Format || p === RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_Format || p === RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_Format ) {

			extension = extensions.get( 'EXT_texture_compression_bptc' );

			if ( extension !== null ) {

				if ( p === RGBA_BPTC_Format ) return ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? extension.COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_BPTC_UNORM_EXT : extension.COMPRESSED_RGBA_BPTC_UNORM_EXT;
				if ( p === RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_FLOAT_EXT;
				if ( p === RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_FLOAT_EXT;

			} else {

				return null;

			}

		}

		// RGTC

		if ( p === RED_RGTC1_Format || p === SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_Format || p === RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format || p === SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format ) {

			extension = extensions.get( 'EXT_texture_compression_rgtc' );

			if ( extension !== null ) {

				if ( p === RED_RGTC1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RED_RGTC1_EXT;
				if ( p === SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_EXT;
				if ( p === RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_EXT;
				if ( p === SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format ) return extension.COMPRESSED_SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_EXT;

			} else {

				return null;

			}

		}

		//

		if ( p === UnsignedInt248Type ) {

			return gl.UNSIGNED_INT_24_8;

		}

		// if "p" can't be resolved, assume the user defines a WebGL constant as a string (fallback/workaround for packed RGB formats)

		return ( gl[ p ] !== undefined ) ? gl[ p ] : null;

	}

	/**
	 * This method can be used to synchronize the CPU with the GPU by waiting until
	 * ongoing GPU commands have been completed.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return {Promise} A promise that resolves when all ongoing GPU commands have been completed.
	 */
	_clientWaitAsync() {

		const { gl } = this;

		const sync = gl.fenceSync( gl.SYNC_GPU_COMMANDS_COMPLETE, 0 );

		gl.flush();

		return new Promise( ( resolve, reject ) => {

			function test() {

				const res = gl.clientWaitSync( sync, gl.SYNC_FLUSH_COMMANDS_BIT, 0 );

				if ( res === gl.WAIT_FAILED ) {

					gl.deleteSync( sync );

					reject();
					return;

				}

				if ( res === gl.TIMEOUT_EXPIRED ) {

					requestAnimationFrame( test );
					return;

				}

				gl.deleteSync( sync );

				resolve();

			}

			test();

		} );

	}

}

let initialized = false, wrappingToGL, filterToGL, compareToGL;

/**
 * A WebGL 2 backend utility module for managing textures.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGLTextureUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBackend} backend - The WebGL 2 backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGL 2 backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * A reference to the rendering context.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGL2RenderingContext}
		 */
		this.gl = backend.gl;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding extension-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLExtensions}
		 */
		this.extensions = backend.extensions;

		/**
		 * A dictionary for managing default textures. The key
		 * is the binding point (target), the value the WEbGL texture object.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<GLenum,WebGLTexture>}
		 */
		this.defaultTextures = {};

		/**
		 * A scratch framebuffer used for attaching the source texture in
		 * {@link copyTextureToTexture}.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?WebGLFramebuffer}
		 */
		this._srcFramebuffer = null;

		/**
		 * A scratch framebuffer used for attaching the destination texture in
		 * {@link copyTextureToTexture}.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?WebGLFramebuffer}
		 */
		this._dstFramebuffer = null;

		if ( initialized === false ) {

			this._init();

			initialized = true;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Inits the state of the utility.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_init() {

		const gl = this.gl;

		// Store only WebGL constants here.

		wrappingToGL = {
			[ RepeatWrapping ]: gl.REPEAT,
			[ ClampToEdgeWrapping ]: gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,
			[ MirroredRepeatWrapping ]: gl.MIRRORED_REPEAT
		};

		filterToGL = {
			[ NearestFilter ]: gl.NEAREST,
			[ NearestMipmapNearestFilter ]: gl.NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST,
			[ NearestMipmapLinearFilter ]: gl.NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR,

			[ LinearFilter ]: gl.LINEAR,
			[ LinearMipmapNearestFilter ]: gl.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST,
			[ LinearMipmapLinearFilter ]: gl.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR
		};

		compareToGL = {
			[ NeverCompare ]: gl.NEVER,
			[ AlwaysCompare ]: gl.ALWAYS,
			[ LessCompare ]: gl.LESS,
			[ LessEqualCompare ]: gl.LEQUAL,
			[ EqualCompare ]: gl.EQUAL,
			[ GreaterEqualCompare ]: gl.GEQUAL,
			[ GreaterCompare ]: gl.GREATER,
			[ NotEqualCompare ]: gl.NOTEQUAL
		};

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native texture type for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {GLenum} The native texture type.
	 */
	getGLTextureType( texture ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		let glTextureType;

		if ( texture.isCubeTexture === true ) {

			glTextureType = gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP;

		} else if ( texture.isArrayTexture === true || texture.isDataArrayTexture === true || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture === true ) {

			glTextureType = gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY;

		} else if ( texture.isData3DTexture === true ) { // TODO: isCompressed3DTexture, wait for #26642

			glTextureType = gl.TEXTURE_3D;

		} else {

			glTextureType = gl.TEXTURE_2D;


		}

		return glTextureType;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native texture type for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {?string} internalFormatName - The internal format name. When `null`, the internal format is derived from the subsequent parameters.
	 * @param {GLenum} glFormat - The WebGL format.
	 * @param {GLenum} glType - The WebGL type.
	 * @param {string} colorSpace - The texture's color space.
	 * @param {boolean} [forceLinearTransfer=false] - Whether to force a linear transfer or not.
	 * @return {GLenum} The internal format.
	 */
	getInternalFormat( internalFormatName, glFormat, glType, normalized, colorSpace, forceLinearTransfer = false ) {

		const { gl, extensions } = this;

		if ( internalFormatName !== null ) {

			if ( gl[ internalFormatName ] !== undefined ) return gl[ internalFormatName ];

			warn( 'WebGLBackend: Attempt to use non-existing WebGL internal format \'' + internalFormatName + '\'' );

		}

		let extTextureNorm16 = null;

		if ( normalized ) {

			extTextureNorm16 = extensions.get( 'EXT_texture_norm16' );

			if ( ! extTextureNorm16 ) {

				warn( 'WebGLRenderer: Unable to use normalized textures without EXT_texture_norm16 extension' );

			}

		}

		let internalFormat = glFormat;

		if ( glFormat === gl.RED ) {

			if ( glType === gl.FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.R32F;
			if ( glType === gl.HALF_FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.R16F;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.R8;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.R8_SNORM;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.R16_EXT;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.R16_SNORM_EXT;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.RED_INTEGER ) {

			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.R8UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.R16UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT ) internalFormat = gl.R32UI;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.R8I;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.R16I;
			if ( glType === gl.INT ) internalFormat = gl.R32I;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.RG ) {

			if ( glType === gl.FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.RG32F;
			if ( glType === gl.HALF_FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.RG16F;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RG8;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RG8_SNORM;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.RG16_EXT;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.RG16_SNORM_EXT;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.RG_INTEGER ) {

			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RG8UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.RG16UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT ) internalFormat = gl.RG32UI;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RG8I;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.RG16I;
			if ( glType === gl.INT ) internalFormat = gl.RG32I;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.RGB ) {

			const transfer = forceLinearTransfer ? LinearTransfer : ColorManagement.getTransfer( colorSpace );

			if ( glType === gl.FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.RGB32F;
			if ( glType === gl.HALF_FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.RGB16F;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? gl.SRGB8 : gl.RGB8;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RGB8_SNORM;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.RGB16_EXT;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.RGB16_SNORM_EXT;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5 ) internalFormat = gl.RGB565;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1 ) internalFormat = gl.RGB5_A1;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4 ) internalFormat = gl.RGB4;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT_5_9_9_9_REV ) internalFormat = gl.RGB9_E5;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT_10F_11F_11F_REV ) internalFormat = gl.R11F_G11F_B10F;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.RGB_INTEGER ) {

			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RGB8UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.RGB16UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT ) internalFormat = gl.RGB32UI;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RGB8I;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.RGB16I;
			if ( glType === gl.INT ) internalFormat = gl.RGB32I;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.RGBA ) {

			const transfer = forceLinearTransfer ? LinearTransfer : ColorManagement.getTransfer( colorSpace );

			if ( glType === gl.FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA32F;
			if ( glType === gl.HALF_FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA16F;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? gl.SRGB8_ALPHA8 : gl.RGBA8;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA8_SNORM;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.RGBA16_EXT;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT && extTextureNorm16 ) internalFormat = extTextureNorm16.RGBA16_SNORM_EXT;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4 ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA4;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1 ) internalFormat = gl.RGB5_A1;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.RGBA_INTEGER ) {

			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA8UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA16UI;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA32UI;
			if ( glType === gl.BYTE ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA8I;
			if ( glType === gl.SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA16I;
			if ( glType === gl.INT ) internalFormat = gl.RGBA32I;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT ) {

			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT ) internalFormat = gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT16;
			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT ) internalFormat = gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT24;
			if ( glType === gl.FLOAT ) internalFormat = gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT32F;

		}

		if ( glFormat === gl.DEPTH_STENCIL ) {

			if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT_24_8 ) internalFormat = gl.DEPTH24_STENCIL8;

		}

		if ( internalFormat === gl.R16F || internalFormat === gl.R32F ||
			internalFormat === gl.RG16F || internalFormat === gl.RG32F ||
			internalFormat === gl.RGBA16F || internalFormat === gl.RGBA32F ) {

			extensions.get( 'EXT_color_buffer_float' );

		}

		return internalFormat;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the texture parameters for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {GLenum} textureType - The texture type.
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 */
	setTextureParameters( textureType, texture ) {

		const { gl, extensions, backend } = this;
		const { state } = this.backend;

		const workingPrimaries = ColorManagement.getPrimaries( ColorManagement.workingColorSpace );
		const texturePrimaries = texture.colorSpace === NoColorSpace ? null : ColorManagement.getPrimaries( texture.colorSpace );
		const unpackConversion = texture.colorSpace === NoColorSpace || workingPrimaries === texturePrimaries ? gl.NONE : gl.BROWSER_DEFAULT_WEBGL;

		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL, texture.flipY );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL, texture.premultiplyAlpha );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, texture.unpackAlignment );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_COLORSPACE_CONVERSION_WEBGL, unpackConversion );

		gl.texParameteri( textureType, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S, wrappingToGL[ texture.wrapS ] );
		gl.texParameteri( textureType, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T, wrappingToGL[ texture.wrapT ] );

		if ( textureType === gl.TEXTURE_3D || textureType === gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY ) {

			// WebGL 2 does not support wrapping for depth 2D array textures
			if ( ! texture.isArrayTexture ) {

				gl.texParameteri( textureType, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_R, wrappingToGL[ texture.wrapR ] );

			}

		}

		gl.texParameteri( textureType, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, filterToGL[ texture.magFilter ] );


		const hasMipmaps = texture.mipmaps !== undefined && texture.mipmaps.length > 0;

		// follow WebGPU backend mapping for texture filtering
		const minFilter = texture.minFilter === LinearFilter && hasMipmaps ? LinearMipmapLinearFilter : texture.minFilter;

		gl.texParameteri( textureType, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, filterToGL[ minFilter ] );

		if ( texture.compareFunction ) {

			gl.texParameteri( textureType, gl.TEXTURE_COMPARE_MODE, gl.COMPARE_REF_TO_TEXTURE );
			gl.texParameteri( textureType, gl.TEXTURE_COMPARE_FUNC, compareToGL[ texture.compareFunction ] );

		}

		if ( extensions.has( 'EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic' ) === true ) {

			if ( texture.magFilter === NearestFilter ) return;
			if ( texture.minFilter !== NearestMipmapLinearFilter && texture.minFilter !== LinearMipmapLinearFilter ) return;
			if ( texture.type === FloatType && extensions.has( 'OES_texture_float_linear' ) === false ) return; // verify extension for WebGL 1 and WebGL 2

			if ( texture.anisotropy > 1 ) {

				const extension = extensions.get( 'EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic' );
				gl.texParameterf( textureType, extension.TEXTURE_MAX_ANISOTROPY_EXT, Math.min( texture.anisotropy, backend.capabilities.getMaxAnisotropy() ) );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a default texture for the given texture that can be used
	 * as a placeholder until the actual texture is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to create a default texture for.
	 */
	createDefaultTexture( texture ) {

		const { gl, backend, defaultTextures } = this;


		const glTextureType = this.getGLTextureType( texture );

		let textureGPU = defaultTextures[ glTextureType ];

		if ( textureGPU === undefined ) {

			textureGPU = gl.createTexture();

			backend.state.bindTexture( glTextureType, textureGPU );
			gl.texParameteri( glTextureType, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.NEAREST );
			gl.texParameteri( glTextureType, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.NEAREST );

			// gl.texImage2D( glTextureType, 0, gl.RGBA, 1, 1, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, data );

			defaultTextures[ glTextureType ] = textureGPU;

		}

		backend.set( texture, {
			textureGPU,
			glTextureType
		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines a texture on the GPU for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 * @return {undefined}
	 */
	createTexture( texture, options ) {

		const { gl, backend } = this;

		let textureGPU, glTextureType, glFormat, glType, glInternalFormat;

		if ( texture.isExternalTexture === true ) {

			textureGPU = texture.sourceTexture;
			glTextureType = this.getGLTextureType( texture );

		} else {

			const { levels, width, height, depth } = options;

			glFormat = backend.utils.convert( texture.format, texture.colorSpace );
			glType = backend.utils.convert( texture.type );
			glInternalFormat = this.getInternalFormat( texture.internalFormat, glFormat, glType, texture.normalized, texture.colorSpace, texture.isVideoTexture );

			textureGPU = gl.createTexture();
			glTextureType = this.getGLTextureType( texture );

			backend.state.bindTexture( glTextureType, textureGPU );

			this.setTextureParameters( glTextureType, texture );

			if ( texture.isArrayTexture || texture.isDataArrayTexture || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {

				gl.texStorage3D( gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, levels, glInternalFormat, width, height, depth );

			} else if ( texture.isData3DTexture ) {

				gl.texStorage3D( gl.TEXTURE_3D, levels, glInternalFormat, width, height, depth );

			} else if ( ! texture.isVideoTexture ) {

				gl.texStorage2D( glTextureType, levels, glInternalFormat, width, height );

			}

		}

		backend.set( texture, {
			textureGPU,
			glTextureType,
			glFormat,
			glType,
			glInternalFormat
		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads texture buffer data to the GPU memory.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBuffer} buffer - The buffer data.
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture,
	 */
	copyBufferToTexture( buffer, texture ) {

		const { gl, backend } = this;
		const { state } = backend;

		const { textureGPU, glTextureType, glFormat, glType } = backend.get( texture );

		const { width, height } = texture.source.data;

		gl.bindBuffer( gl.PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, buffer );

		backend.state.bindTexture( glTextureType, textureGPU );

		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL, false );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL, false );
		gl.texSubImage2D( glTextureType, 0, 0, 0, width, height, glFormat, glType, 0 );

		gl.bindBuffer( gl.PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, null );

		backend.state.unbindTexture();
		// debug
		// const framebuffer = gl.createFramebuffer();
		// backend.state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer );
		// gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, glTextureType, textureGPU, 0 );

		// const readout = new Float32Array( width * height * 4 );

		// const altFormat = gl.getParameter( gl.IMPLEMENTATION_COLOR_READ_FORMAT );
		// const altType = gl.getParameter( gl.IMPLEMENTATION_COLOR_READ_TYPE );

		// gl.readPixels( 0, 0, width, height, altFormat, altType, readout );
		// backend.state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, null );
		// log( readout );

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads the updated texture data to the GPU.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	updateTexture( texture, options ) {

		const { gl } = this;
		const { width, height } = options;
		const { textureGPU, glTextureType, glFormat, glType, glInternalFormat } = this.backend.get( texture );

		if ( texture.isRenderTargetTexture || ( textureGPU === undefined /* unsupported texture format */ ) )
			return;

		this.backend.state.bindTexture( glTextureType, textureGPU );

		this.setTextureParameters( glTextureType, texture );

		if ( texture.isCompressedTexture ) {

			const mipmaps = texture.mipmaps;
			const image = options.image;

			for ( let i = 0; i < mipmaps.length; i ++ ) {

				const mipmap = mipmaps[ i ];

				if ( texture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {


					if ( texture.format !== gl.RGBA ) {

						if ( glFormat !== null ) {

							gl.compressedTexSubImage3D( gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, i, 0, 0, 0, mipmap.width, mipmap.height, image.depth, glFormat, mipmap.data );

						} else {

							warn( 'WebGLBackend: Attempt to load unsupported compressed texture format in .uploadTexture()' );

						}

					} else {

						gl.texSubImage3D( gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, i, 0, 0, 0, mipmap.width, mipmap.height, image.depth, glFormat, glType, mipmap.data );

					}

				} else {

					if ( glFormat !== null ) {

						gl.compressedTexSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, i, 0, 0, mipmap.width, mipmap.height, glFormat, mipmap.data );

					} else {

						warn( 'WebGLBackend: Unsupported compressed texture format' );

					}

				}

			}


		} else if ( texture.isCubeTexture ) {

			const images = options.images;
			const mipmaps = texture.mipmaps;

			for ( let i = 0; i < 6; i ++ ) {

				const image = getImage( images[ i ] );

				gl.texSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, 0, 0, 0, width, height, glFormat, glType, image );

				for ( let j = 0; j < mipmaps.length; j ++ ) {

					const mipmap = mipmaps[ j ];
					const image = getImage( mipmap.images[ i ] );

					gl.texSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, j + 1, 0, 0, image.width, image.height, glFormat, glType, image );

				}

			}

		} else if ( texture.isDataArrayTexture || texture.isArrayTexture ) {

			const image = options.image;

			if ( texture.layerUpdates.size > 0 ) {

				const layerByteLength = getByteLength( image.width, image.height, texture.format, texture.type );

				for ( const layerIndex of texture.layerUpdates ) {

					const layerData = image.data.subarray(
						layerIndex * layerByteLength / image.data.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT,
						( layerIndex + 1 ) * layerByteLength / image.data.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT
					);
					gl.texSubImage3D( gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, layerIndex, image.width, image.height, 1, glFormat, glType, layerData );

				}

				texture.clearLayerUpdates();

			} else {

				gl.texSubImage3D( gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, 0, image.width, image.height, image.depth, glFormat, glType, image.data );

			}

		} else if ( texture.isData3DTexture ) {

			const image = options.image;

			gl.texSubImage3D( gl.TEXTURE_3D, 0, 0, 0, 0, image.width, image.height, image.depth, glFormat, glType, image.data );

		} else if ( texture.isVideoTexture ) {

			texture.update();

			gl.texImage2D( glTextureType, 0, glInternalFormat, glFormat, glType, options.image );

		} else if ( texture.isHTMLTexture ) {

			if ( typeof gl.texElementImage2D === 'function' ) {

				if ( gl.texElementImage2D.length === 3 ) {

					// Chrome 150+

					gl.texElementImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.RGBA8, options.image );

				} else {

					// Chrome 138 - 149

					gl.texElementImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, options.image );

				}

			}

		} else {

			const mipmaps = texture.mipmaps;

			if ( mipmaps.length > 0 ) {

				for ( let i = 0, il = mipmaps.length; i < il; i ++ ) {

					const mipmap = mipmaps[ i ];

					const image = getImage( mipmap );
					gl.texSubImage2D( glTextureType, i, 0, 0, mipmap.width, mipmap.height, glFormat, glType, image );

				}

			} else {

				const image = getImage( options.image );
				gl.texSubImage2D( glTextureType, 0, 0, 0, width, height, glFormat, glType, image );

			}


		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates mipmaps for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 */
	generateMipmaps( texture ) {

		const { gl, backend } = this;
		const { textureGPU, glTextureType } = backend.get( texture );

		backend.state.bindTexture( glTextureType, textureGPU );
		gl.generateMipmap( glTextureType );

	}

	/**
	 * Deallocates the render buffers of the given render target.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target.
	 */
	deallocateRenderBuffers( renderTarget ) {

		const { gl, backend } = this;

		// remove framebuffer reference
		if ( renderTarget ) {

			const renderContextData = backend.get( renderTarget );

			renderContextData.renderBufferStorageSetup = undefined;

			if ( renderContextData.framebuffers ) {

				for ( const cacheKey in renderContextData.framebuffers ) {

					gl.deleteFramebuffer( renderContextData.framebuffers[ cacheKey ] );

				}

				delete renderContextData.framebuffers;

			}

			if ( renderContextData.depthRenderbuffer ) {

				gl.deleteRenderbuffer( renderContextData.depthRenderbuffer );
				delete renderContextData.depthRenderbuffer;

			}

			if ( renderContextData.stencilRenderbuffer ) {

				gl.deleteRenderbuffer( renderContextData.stencilRenderbuffer );
				delete renderContextData.stencilRenderbuffer;

			}

			if ( renderContextData.msaaFrameBuffer ) {

				gl.deleteFramebuffer( renderContextData.msaaFrameBuffer );
				delete renderContextData.msaaFrameBuffer;

			}

			if ( renderContextData.msaaRenderbuffers ) {

				for ( let i = 0; i < renderContextData.msaaRenderbuffers.length; i ++ ) {

					gl.deleteRenderbuffer( renderContextData.msaaRenderbuffers[ i ] );

				}

				delete renderContextData.msaaRenderbuffers;

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU data for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {boolean} [isDefaultTexture=false] - Whether the texture uses a default GPU texture or not.
	 */
	destroyTexture( texture, isDefaultTexture = false ) {

		const { gl, backend } = this;
		const { textureGPU, renderTarget } = backend.get( texture );

		this.deallocateRenderBuffers( renderTarget );

		if ( isDefaultTexture === false && texture.isExternalTexture !== true ) {

			gl.deleteTexture( textureGPU );

		}

		backend.delete( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Copies data of the given source texture to the given destination texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} srcTexture - The source texture.
	 * @param {Texture} dstTexture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {?(Box3|Box2)} [srcRegion=null] - The region of the source texture to copy.
	 * @param {?(Vector2|Vector3)} [dstPosition=null] - The destination position of the copy.
	 * @param {number} [srcLevel=0] - The source mip level to copy from.
	 * @param {number} [dstLevel=0] - The destination mip level to copy to.
	 */
	copyTextureToTexture( srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion = null, dstPosition = null, srcLevel = 0, dstLevel = 0 ) {

		const { gl, backend } = this;
		const { state } = this.backend;

		const { textureGPU: dstTextureGPU, glTextureType, glType, glFormat } = backend.get( dstTexture );

		state.bindTexture( glTextureType, dstTextureGPU );

		// gather the necessary dimensions to copy
		let width, height, depth, minX, minY, minZ;
		let dstX, dstY, dstZ;
		const image = srcTexture.isCompressedTexture ? srcTexture.mipmaps[ dstLevel ] : srcTexture.image;

		if ( srcRegion !== null ) {

			width = srcRegion.max.x - srcRegion.min.x;
			height = srcRegion.max.y - srcRegion.min.y;
			depth = srcRegion.isBox3 ? srcRegion.max.z - srcRegion.min.z : 1;
			minX = srcRegion.min.x;
			minY = srcRegion.min.y;
			minZ = srcRegion.isBox3 ? srcRegion.min.z : 0;

		} else {

			const levelScale = Math.pow( 2, - srcLevel );
			width = Math.floor( image.width * levelScale );
			height = Math.floor( image.height * levelScale );

			if ( srcTexture.isDataArrayTexture || srcTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

				depth = image.depth;

			} else if ( srcTexture.isData3DTexture ) {

				depth = Math.floor( image.depth * levelScale );

			} else {

				depth = 1;

			}

			minX = 0;
			minY = 0;
			minZ = 0;

		}

		if ( dstPosition !== null ) {

			dstX = dstPosition.x;
			dstY = dstPosition.y;
			dstZ = dstPosition.z;

		} else {

			dstX = 0;
			dstY = 0;
			dstZ = 0;

		}

		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL, dstTexture.flipY );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL, dstTexture.premultiplyAlpha );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, dstTexture.unpackAlignment );

		// used for copying data from cpu
		const currentUnpackRowLen = state.getParameter( gl.UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH );
		const currentUnpackImageHeight = state.getParameter( gl.UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT );
		const currentUnpackSkipPixels = state.getParameter( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS );
		const currentUnpackSkipRows = state.getParameter( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS );
		const currentUnpackSkipImages = state.getParameter( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_IMAGES );

		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, image.width );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT, image.height );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS, minX );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS, minY );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_IMAGES, minZ );

		// set up the src texture
		const isSrc3D = srcTexture.isDataArrayTexture || srcTexture.isData3DTexture || dstTexture.isArrayTexture;
		const isDst3D = dstTexture.isDataArrayTexture || dstTexture.isData3DTexture || dstTexture.isArrayTexture;

		if ( srcTexture.isDepthTexture ) {

			const srcTextureData = backend.get( srcTexture );
			const dstTextureData = backend.get( dstTexture );

			const srcRenderContextData = backend.get( srcTextureData.renderTarget );
			const dstRenderContextData = backend.get( dstTextureData.renderTarget );

			const srcFramebuffer = srcRenderContextData.framebuffers[ srcTextureData.cacheKey ];
			const dstFramebuffer = dstRenderContextData.framebuffers[ dstTextureData.cacheKey ];

			const prevReadFramebuffer = state.currentBoundFramebuffers[ gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER ] ?? null;
			const prevDrawFramebuffer = state.currentBoundFramebuffers[ gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER ] ?? null;

			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, srcFramebuffer );
			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, dstFramebuffer );

			for ( let i = 0; i < depth; i ++ ) {

				// if the source or destination are a 3d target then a layer needs to be bound
				if ( isSrc3D ) {

					gl.framebufferTextureLayer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, srcTextureData.textureGPU, srcLevel, minZ + i );
					gl.framebufferTextureLayer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, dstTextureGPU, dstLevel, dstZ + i );

				}

				gl.blitFramebuffer( minX, minY, width, height, dstX, dstY, width, height, gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT, gl.NEAREST );

			}

			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, prevReadFramebuffer );
			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, prevDrawFramebuffer );

		} else if ( srcLevel !== 0 || srcTexture.isRenderTargetTexture || backend.has( srcTexture ) ) {

			// get the appropriate frame buffers
			const srcTextureData = backend.get( srcTexture );

			if ( this._srcFramebuffer === null ) this._srcFramebuffer = gl.createFramebuffer();
			if ( this._dstFramebuffer === null ) this._dstFramebuffer = gl.createFramebuffer();

			const prevReadFramebuffer = state.currentBoundFramebuffers[ gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER ] ?? null;
			const prevDrawFramebuffer = state.currentBoundFramebuffers[ gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER ] ?? null;

			// bind the frame buffer targets
			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, this._srcFramebuffer );
			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, this._dstFramebuffer );

			for ( let i = 0; i < depth; i ++ ) {

				// assign the correct layers and mip maps to the frame buffers
				if ( isSrc3D ) {

					gl.framebufferTextureLayer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, srcTextureData.textureGPU, srcLevel, minZ + i );

				} else {

					gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_2D, srcTextureData.textureGPU, srcLevel );

				}

				if ( isDst3D ) {

					gl.framebufferTextureLayer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, dstTextureGPU, dstLevel, dstZ + i );

				} else {

					gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstTextureGPU, dstLevel );

				}

				// copy the data using the fastest function that can achieve the copy
				if ( srcLevel !== 0 ) {

					gl.blitFramebuffer( minX, minY, width, height, dstX, dstY, width, height, gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, gl.NEAREST );

				} else if ( isDst3D ) {

					gl.copyTexSubImage3D( glTextureType, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ + i, minX, minY, width, height );

				} else {

					gl.copyTexSubImage2D( glTextureType, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, minX, minY, width, height );

				}

			}

			// restore previous read, draw framebuffer bindings
			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, prevReadFramebuffer );
			state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, prevDrawFramebuffer );

		} else {

			if ( isDst3D ) {

				// copy data into the 3d texture
				if ( srcTexture.isDataTexture || srcTexture.isData3DTexture ) {

					gl.texSubImage3D( glTextureType, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ, width, height, depth, glFormat, glType, image.data );

				} else if ( dstTexture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {

					gl.compressedTexSubImage3D( glTextureType, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ, width, height, depth, glFormat, image.data );

				} else {

					gl.texSubImage3D( glTextureType, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ, width, height, depth, glFormat, glType, image );

				}

			} else {

				// copy data into the 2d texture
				if ( srcTexture.isDataTexture ) {

					gl.texSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, width, height, glFormat, glType, image.data );

				} else if ( srcTexture.isCompressedTexture ) {

					gl.compressedTexSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, image.width, image.height, glFormat, image.data );

				} else {

					gl.texSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, width, height, glFormat, glType, image );

				}

			}

		}

		// reset values
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, currentUnpackRowLen );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT, currentUnpackImageHeight );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS, currentUnpackSkipPixels );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS, currentUnpackSkipRows );
		state.pixelStorei( gl.UNPACK_SKIP_IMAGES, currentUnpackSkipImages );

		// Generate mipmaps only when copying level 0
		if ( dstLevel === 0 && dstTexture.generateMipmaps ) {

			gl.generateMipmap( glTextureType );

		}

		state.unbindTexture();

	}


	/**
	 * Copies the current bound framebuffer to the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Vector4} rectangle - A four dimensional vector defining the origin and dimension of the copy.
	 */
	copyFramebufferToTexture( texture, renderContext, rectangle ) {

		const { gl } = this;
		const { state } = this.backend;

		const { textureGPU } = this.backend.get( texture );

		const { x, y, z: width, w: height } = rectangle;

		const requireDrawFrameBuffer = texture.isDepthTexture === true || ( renderContext.renderTarget && renderContext.renderTarget.samples > 0 );

		const srcHeight = renderContext.renderTarget ? renderContext.renderTarget.height : this.backend.getDrawingBufferSize().y;

		if ( requireDrawFrameBuffer ) {

			const partial = ( x !== 0 || y !== 0 );
			let mask;
			let attachment;

			if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true ) {

				mask = gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT;
				attachment = gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT;

				if ( renderContext.stencil ) {

					mask |= gl.STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT;

				}

			} else {

				mask = gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT;
				attachment = gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0;

			}

			if ( partial ) {

				const renderTargetContextData = this.backend.get( renderContext.renderTarget );

				const fb = renderTargetContextData.framebuffers[ renderContext.getCacheKey() ];
				const msaaFrameBuffer = renderTargetContextData.msaaFrameBuffer;

				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, fb );
				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, msaaFrameBuffer );

				const flippedY = srcHeight - y - height;

				gl.blitFramebuffer( x, flippedY, x + width, flippedY + height, x, flippedY, x + width, flippedY + height, mask, gl.NEAREST );

				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, fb );

				state.bindTexture( gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureGPU );

				gl.copyTexSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, x, flippedY, width, height );

				state.unbindTexture();

			} else {

				const fb = gl.createFramebuffer();

				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, fb );

				gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, attachment, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureGPU, 0 );
				gl.blitFramebuffer( 0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, width, height, mask, gl.NEAREST );

				gl.deleteFramebuffer( fb );

			}

		} else {

			state.bindTexture( gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureGPU );
			gl.copyTexSubImage2D( gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, x, srcHeight - height - y, width, height );

			state.unbindTexture();

		}

		if ( texture.generateMipmaps ) this.generateMipmaps( texture );

		this.backend._setFramebuffer( renderContext );

	}

	/**
	 * SetupS storage for internal depth/stencil buffers and bind to correct framebuffer.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLRenderbuffer} renderbuffer - The render buffer.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {number} samples - The MSAA sample count.
	 * @param {boolean} [useMultisampledRTT=false] - Whether to use WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture or not.
	 */
	setupRenderBufferStorage( renderbuffer, renderContext, samples, useMultisampledRTT = false ) {

		const { gl } = this;
		const renderTarget = renderContext.renderTarget;

		const { depthTexture, depthBuffer, stencilBuffer, width, height } = renderTarget;

		gl.bindRenderbuffer( gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderbuffer );

		if ( depthBuffer && ! stencilBuffer ) {

			let glInternalFormat = gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT24;

			if ( useMultisampledRTT === true ) {

				const multisampledRTTExt = this.extensions.get( 'WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture' );

				multisampledRTTExt.renderbufferStorageMultisampleEXT( gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderTarget.samples, glInternalFormat, width, height );

			} else if ( samples > 0 ) {

				if ( depthTexture && depthTexture.isDepthTexture ) {

					if ( depthTexture.type === gl.FLOAT ) {

						glInternalFormat = gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT32F;

					}

				}

				gl.renderbufferStorageMultisample( gl.RENDERBUFFER, samples, glInternalFormat, width, height );

			} else {

				gl.renderbufferStorage( gl.RENDERBUFFER, glInternalFormat, width, height );

			}

			gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderbuffer );

		} else if ( depthBuffer && stencilBuffer ) {

			if ( samples > 0 ) {

				gl.renderbufferStorageMultisample( gl.RENDERBUFFER, samples, gl.DEPTH24_STENCIL8, width, height );

			} else {

				gl.renderbufferStorage( gl.RENDERBUFFER, gl.DEPTH_STENCIL, width, height );

			}


			gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderbuffer );

		}

		gl.bindRenderbuffer( gl.RENDERBUFFER, null );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns texture data as a typed array.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to copy.
	 * @param {number} x - The x coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} y - The y coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy.
	 * @param {number} faceIndex - The face index.
	 * @return {Promise<TypedArray>} A Promise that resolves with a typed array when the copy operation has finished.
	 */
	async copyTextureToBuffer( texture, x, y, width, height, faceIndex ) {

		const { backend, gl } = this;

		const { textureGPU, glFormat, glType } = this.backend.get( texture );

		const fb = gl.createFramebuffer();

		backend.state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, fb );

		const target = texture.isCubeTexture ? gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + faceIndex : gl.TEXTURE_2D;

		gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, target, textureGPU, 0 );

		const typedArrayType = this._getTypedArrayType( glType );
		const bytesPerTexel = this._getBytesPerTexel( glType, glFormat );

		const elementCount = width * height;
		const byteLength = elementCount * bytesPerTexel;

		const buffer = gl.createBuffer();

		gl.bindBuffer( gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, buffer );
		gl.bufferData( gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, byteLength, gl.STREAM_READ );
		gl.readPixels( x, y, width, height, glFormat, glType, 0 );
		gl.bindBuffer( gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, null );

		await backend.utils._clientWaitAsync();

		const dstBuffer = new typedArrayType( byteLength / typedArrayType.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT );

		gl.bindBuffer( gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, buffer );
		gl.getBufferSubData( gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, 0, dstBuffer );
		gl.bindBuffer( gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, null );

		backend.state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, null );

		gl.deleteFramebuffer( fb );

		return dstBuffer;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the corresponding typed array type for the given WebGL data type.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {GLenum} glType - The WebGL data type.
	 * @return {TypedArray.constructor} The typed array type.
	 */
	_getTypedArrayType( glType ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) return Uint8Array;

		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4 ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1 ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5 ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT ) return Uint32Array;

		if ( glType === gl.HALF_FLOAT ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( glType === gl.FLOAT ) return Float32Array;

		throw new Error( `THREE.WebGLTextureUtils: Unsupported WebGL type: ${glType}` );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the bytes-per-texel value for the given WebGL data type and texture format.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {GLenum} glType - The WebGL data type.
	 * @param {GLenum} glFormat - The WebGL texture format.
	 * @return {number} The bytes-per-texel.
	 */
	_getBytesPerTexel( glType, glFormat ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		let bytesPerComponent = 0;

		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE ) bytesPerComponent = 1;

		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4 ||
			glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1 ||
			glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5 ||
			glType === gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT ||
			glType === gl.HALF_FLOAT ) bytesPerComponent = 2;

		if ( glType === gl.UNSIGNED_INT ||
			glType === gl.FLOAT ) bytesPerComponent = 4;

		if ( glFormat === gl.RGBA ) return bytesPerComponent * 4;
		if ( glFormat === gl.RGB ) return bytesPerComponent * 3;
		if ( glFormat === gl.ALPHA ) return bytesPerComponent;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees the internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		const { gl } = this;

		if ( this._srcFramebuffer !== null ) gl.deleteFramebuffer( this._srcFramebuffer );
		if ( this._dstFramebuffer !== null ) gl.deleteFramebuffer( this._dstFramebuffer );

	}

}

function getImage( source ) {

	if ( source.isDataTexture ) {

		return source.image.data;

	} else if ( ( typeof HTMLImageElement !== 'undefined' && source instanceof HTMLImageElement ) ||
		( typeof HTMLCanvasElement !== 'undefined' && source instanceof HTMLCanvasElement ) ||
		( typeof ImageBitmap !== 'undefined' && source instanceof ImageBitmap ) ||
		( typeof OffscreenCanvas !== 'undefined' && source instanceof OffscreenCanvas ) ) {

		return source;

	}

	return source.data;

}

/**
 * A WebGL 2 backend utility module for managing extensions.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGLExtensions {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBackend} backend - The WebGL 2 backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGL 2 backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * A reference to the rendering context.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGL2RenderingContext}
		 */
		this.gl = this.backend.gl;

		/**
		 * A list with all the supported WebGL extensions.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<string>}
		 */
		this.availableExtensions = this.gl.getSupportedExtensions();

		/**
		 * A dictionary with requested WebGL extensions.
		 * The key is the name of the extension, the value
		 * the requested extension object.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Object>}
		 */
		this.extensions = {};

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the extension object for the given extension name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The extension name.
	 * @return {Object} The extension object.
	 */
	get( name ) {

		let extension = this.extensions[ name ];

		if ( extension === undefined ) {

			extension = this.gl.getExtension( name );

			this.extensions[ name ] = extension;

		}

		return extension;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the requested extension is available.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The extension name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given extension is available or not.
	 */
	has( name ) {

		return this.availableExtensions.includes( name );

	}

}

/**
 * A WebGL 2 backend utility module for managing the device's capabilities.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGLCapabilities {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBackend} backend - The WebGL 2 backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGL 2 backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGLBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * This value holds the cached max anisotropy value.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.maxAnisotropy = null;

		/**
		 * This value holds the cached max uniform block size value.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.maxUniformBlockSize = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the maximum anisotropy texture filtering value. This value
	 * depends on the device and is reported by the `EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic`
	 * WebGL extension.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The maximum anisotropy texture filtering value.
	 */
	getMaxAnisotropy() {

		if ( this.maxAnisotropy !== null ) return this.maxAnisotropy;

		const gl = this.backend.gl;
		const extensions = this.backend.extensions;

		if ( extensions.has( 'EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic' ) === true ) {

			const extension = extensions.get( 'EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic' );

			this.maxAnisotropy = gl.getParameter( extension.MAX_TEXTURE_MAX_ANISOTROPY_EXT );

		} else {

			this.maxAnisotropy = 0;

		}

		return this.maxAnisotropy;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the maximum number of bytes available for uniform buffers.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The maximum number of bytes available for uniform buffers.
	 */
	getUniformBufferLimit() {

		if ( this.maxUniformBlockSize !== null ) return this.maxUniformBlockSize;

		const gl = this.backend.gl;

		this.maxUniformBlockSize = gl.getParameter( gl.MAX_UNIFORM_BLOCK_SIZE );

		return this.maxUniformBlockSize;

	}

}

const GLFeatureName = {

	'WEBGL_multi_draw': 'WEBGL_multi_draw',
	'WEBGL_compressed_texture_astc': 'texture-compression-astc',
	'WEBGL_compressed_texture_etc': 'texture-compression-etc2',
	'WEBGL_compressed_texture_etc1': 'texture-compression-etc1',
	'WEBGL_compressed_texture_pvrtc': 'texture-compression-pvrtc',
	'WEBGL_compressed_texture_s3tc': 'texture-compression-s3tc',
	'EXT_texture_compression_bptc': 'texture-compression-bc',
	'EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2': 'timestamp-query',
	'OVR_multiview2': 'OVR_multiview2'

};

class WebGLBufferRenderer {

	constructor( backend ) {

		this.gl = backend.gl;
		this.extensions = backend.extensions;
		this.info = backend.renderer.info;
		this.mode = null;
		this.index = 0;
		this.type = null;
		this.object = null;

	}

	render( start, count ) {

		const { gl, mode, object, type, info, index } = this;

		if ( index !== 0 ) {

			gl.drawElements( mode, count, type, start );

		} else {

			gl.drawArrays( mode, start, count );

		}

		info.update( object, count, 1 );

	}

	renderInstances( start, count, primcount ) {

		const { gl, mode, type, index, object, info } = this;

		if ( primcount === 0 ) return;

		if ( index !== 0 ) {

			gl.drawElementsInstanced( mode, count, type, start, primcount );

		} else {

			gl.drawArraysInstanced( mode, start, count, primcount );

		}

		info.update( object, count, primcount );

	}

	renderMultiDraw( starts, counts, drawCount ) {

		const { extensions, mode, object, info } = this;

		if ( drawCount === 0 ) return;

		const extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_multi_draw' );

		if ( extension === null ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < drawCount; i ++ ) {

				this.render( starts[ i ], counts[ i ] );

			}

		} else {

			if ( this.index !== 0 ) {

				extension.multiDrawElementsWEBGL( mode, counts, 0, this.type, starts, 0, drawCount );

			} else {

				extension.multiDrawArraysWEBGL( mode, starts, 0, counts, 0, drawCount );

			}

			let elementCount = 0;
			for ( let i = 0; i < drawCount; i ++ ) {

				elementCount += counts[ i ];

			}

			info.update( object, elementCount, 1 );

		}

	}

	//

}

/**
 * Abstract base class of a timestamp query pool.
 *
 * @abstract
 */
class TimestampQueryPool {

	/**
	 * Creates a new timestamp query pool.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [maxQueries=256] - Maximum number of queries this pool can hold.
	 */
	constructor( maxQueries = 256 ) {

		/**
		 * Whether to track timestamps or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.trackTimestamp = true;

		/**
		 * Maximum number of queries this pool can hold.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 256
		 */
		this.maxQueries = maxQueries;

		/**
		 * How many queries allocated so far.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.currentQueryIndex = 0;

		/**
		 * Tracks offsets for different contexts.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<string, number>}
		 */
		this.queryOffsets = new Map();

		/**
		 * Whether the pool has been disposed or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.isDisposed = false;

		/**
		 * The total frame duration until the next update.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.lastValue = 0;

		/**
		 * Stores all timestamp frames.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<number>}
		 */
		this.frames = [];

		/**
		 * This property is used to avoid multiple concurrent resolve operations.
		 * The WebGL backend uses it as a boolean flag. In context of WebGPU, it holds
		 * the promise of the current resolve operation.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean|Promise<number>}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.pendingResolve = false;

		/**
		 * Stores the latest timestamp for each render context.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<string, number>}
		 */
		this.timestamps = new Map();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns all timestamp frames.
	 *
	 * @return {Array<number>} The timestamp frames.
	 */
	getTimestampFrames() {

		return this.frames;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the timestamp for a given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @return {?number} The timestamp, or undefined if not available.
	 */
	getTimestamp( uid ) {

		let timestamp = this.timestamps.get( uid );

		if ( timestamp === undefined ) {

			warn( `TimestampQueryPool: No timestamp available for uid ${ uid }.` );

			timestamp = 0;

		}

		return timestamp;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether a timestamp is available for a given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @return {boolean} True if a timestamp is available, false otherwise.
	 */
	hasTimestampQuery( uid ) {

		return this.timestamps.has( uid );

	}

	/**
	 * Allocate queries for a specific uid.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @param {number} frameId - The current frame identifier.
	 * @returns {?number}
	 */
	allocateQueriesForContext( /* uid, frameId */ ) {}

	/**
	 * Resolve all timestamps and return data (or process them).
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 * @async
	 * @returns {Promise<number>|number} The resolved timestamp value.
	 */
	async resolveQueriesAsync() {}

	/**
	 * Dispose of the query pool.
	 *
	 * @abstract
	 */
	dispose() {}

}

/**
 * Manages a pool of WebGL timestamp queries for performance measurement.
 * Handles creation, execution, and resolution of timer queries using WebGL extensions.
 *
 * @augments TimestampQueryPool
 */
class WebGLTimestampQueryPool extends TimestampQueryPool {

	/**
	 * Creates a new WebGL timestamp query pool.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLRenderingContext|WebGL2RenderingContext} gl - The WebGL context.
	 * @param {string} type - The type identifier for this query pool.
	 * @param {number} [maxQueries=2048] - Maximum number of queries this pool can hold.
	 */
	constructor( gl, type, maxQueries = 2048 ) {

		super( maxQueries );

		this.gl = gl;
		this.type = type;

		// Check for timer query extensions
		this.ext = gl.getExtension( 'EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2' ) ||
				  gl.getExtension( 'EXT_disjoint_timer_query' );

		if ( ! this.ext ) {

			warn( 'EXT_disjoint_timer_query not supported; timestamps will be disabled.' );
			this.trackTimestamp = false;
			return;

		}

		// Create query objects
		this.queries = [];
		for ( let i = 0; i < this.maxQueries; i ++ ) {

			this.queries.push( gl.createQuery() );

		}

		this.activeQuery = null;
		this.queryStates = new Map(); // Track state of each query: 'inactive', 'started', 'ended'

	}

	/**
	 * Allocates a pair of queries for a given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @returns {?number} The base offset for the allocated queries, or null if allocation failed.
	 */
	allocateQueriesForContext( uid ) {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp ) return null;

		// Check if we have enough space for a new query pair
		if ( this.currentQueryIndex + 2 > this.maxQueries ) {

			warnOnce( `WebGLTimestampQueryPool [${ this.type }]: Maximum number of queries exceeded, when using trackTimestamp it is necessary to resolves the queries via renderer.resolveTimestampsAsync( THREE.TimestampQuery.${ this.type.toUpperCase() } ).` );
			return null;

		}

		const baseOffset = this.currentQueryIndex;
		this.currentQueryIndex += 2;

		// Initialize query states
		this.queryStates.set( baseOffset, 'inactive' );
		this.queryOffsets.set( uid, baseOffset );

		return baseOffset;

	}

	/**
	 * Begins a timestamp query for the specified render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 */
	beginQuery( uid ) {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp || this.isDisposed ) {

			return;

		}

		const baseOffset = this.queryOffsets.get( uid );
		if ( baseOffset == null ) {

			return;

		}

		// Don't start a new query if there's an active one
		if ( this.activeQuery !== null ) {

			return;

		}

		const query = this.queries[ baseOffset ];
		if ( ! query ) {

			return;

		}

		try {

			// Only begin if query is inactive
			if ( this.queryStates.get( baseOffset ) === 'inactive' ) {

				this.gl.beginQuery( this.ext.TIME_ELAPSED_EXT, query );
				this.activeQuery = baseOffset;
				this.queryStates.set( baseOffset, 'started' );

			}

		} catch ( e ) {

			error( 'Error in beginQuery:', e );
			this.activeQuery = null;
			this.queryStates.set( baseOffset, 'inactive' );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Ends the active timestamp query for the specified render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 */
	endQuery( uid ) {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp || this.isDisposed ) {

			return;

		}

		const baseOffset = this.queryOffsets.get( uid );
		if ( baseOffset == null ) {

			return;

		}

		// Only end if this is the active query
		if ( this.activeQuery !== baseOffset ) {

			return;

		}

		try {

			this.gl.endQuery( this.ext.TIME_ELAPSED_EXT );
			this.queryStates.set( baseOffset, 'ended' );
			this.activeQuery = null;

		} catch ( e ) {

			error( 'Error in endQuery:', e );
			// Reset state on error
			this.queryStates.set( baseOffset, 'inactive' );
			this.activeQuery = null;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Asynchronously resolves all completed queries and returns the total duration.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @returns {Promise<number>} The total duration in milliseconds, or the last valid value if resolution fails.
	 */
	async resolveQueriesAsync() {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp || this.pendingResolve ) {

			return this.lastValue;

		}

		this.pendingResolve = true;

		try {

			// Wait for all ended queries to complete
			const resolvePromises = new Map();

			for ( const [ uid, baseOffset ] of this.queryOffsets ) {

				const state = this.queryStates.get( baseOffset );

				if ( state === 'ended' ) {

					const query = this.queries[ baseOffset ];
					resolvePromises.set( uid, this.resolveQuery( query ) );

				}

			}

			if ( resolvePromises.size === 0 ) {

				return this.lastValue;

			}

			//

			const framesDuration = {};

			const frames = [];

			for ( const [ uid, promise ] of resolvePromises ) {

				const match = uid.match( /^(.*):f(\d+)$/ );
				const frame = parseInt( match[ 2 ] );

				if ( frames.includes( frame ) === false ) {

					frames.push( frame );

				}

				if ( framesDuration[ frame ] === undefined ) framesDuration[ frame ] = 0;

				const duration = await promise;

				this.timestamps.set( uid, duration );

				framesDuration[ frame ] += duration;

			}

			// Return the total duration of the last frame
			const totalDuration = framesDuration[ frames[ frames.length - 1 ] ];

			// Store the last valid result
			this.lastValue = totalDuration;
			this.frames = frames;

			// Reset states
			this.currentQueryIndex = 0;
			this.queryOffsets.clear();
			this.queryStates.clear();
			this.activeQuery = null;

			return totalDuration;

		} catch ( e ) {

			error( 'Error resolving queries:', e );
			return this.lastValue;

		} finally {

			this.pendingResolve = false;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Resolves a single query, checking for completion and disjoint operation.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {WebGLQuery} query - The query object to resolve.
	 * @returns {Promise<number>} The elapsed time in milliseconds.
	 */
	async resolveQuery( query ) {

		return new Promise( ( resolve ) => {

			if ( this.isDisposed ) {

				resolve( this.lastValue );
				return;

			}

			let timeoutId;
			let isResolved = false;

			const cleanup = () => {

				if ( timeoutId ) {

					clearTimeout( timeoutId );
					timeoutId = null;

				}

			};

			const finalizeResolution = ( value ) => {

				if ( ! isResolved ) {

					isResolved = true;
					cleanup();
					resolve( value );

				}

			};

			const checkQuery = () => {

				if ( this.isDisposed ) {

					finalizeResolution( this.lastValue );
					return;

				}

				try {

					// Check if the GPU timer was disjoint (i.e., timing was unreliable)
					const disjoint = this.gl.getParameter( this.ext.GPU_DISJOINT_EXT );
					if ( disjoint ) {

						finalizeResolution( this.lastValue );
						return;

					}

					const available = this.gl.getQueryParameter( query, this.gl.QUERY_RESULT_AVAILABLE );
					if ( ! available ) {

						timeoutId = setTimeout( checkQuery, 1 );
						return;

					}

					const elapsed = this.gl.getQueryParameter( query, this.gl.QUERY_RESULT );
					resolve( Number( elapsed ) / 1e6 ); // Convert nanoseconds to milliseconds

				} catch ( e ) {

					error( 'Error checking query:', e );
					resolve( this.lastValue );

				}

			};

			checkQuery();

		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Releases all resources held by this query pool.
	 * This includes deleting all query objects and clearing internal state.
	 */
	dispose() {

		if ( this.isDisposed ) {

			return;

		}

		this.isDisposed = true;

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp ) return;

		for ( const query of this.queries ) {

			this.gl.deleteQuery( query );

		}

		this.queries = [];
		this.queryStates.clear();
		this.queryOffsets.clear();
		this.lastValue = 0;
		this.activeQuery = null;

	}

}

const _invalidationArray = [];

/**
 * A backend implementation targeting WebGL 2.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Backend
 */
class WebGLBackend extends Backend {

	/**
	 * WebGLBackend options.
	 *
	 * @typedef {Object} WebGLBackend~Options
	 * @property {boolean} [logarithmicDepthBuffer=false] - Whether logarithmic depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [reversedDepthBuffer=false] - Whether reversed depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [alpha=true] - Whether the default framebuffer (which represents the final contents of the canvas) should be transparent or opaque.
	 * @property {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a depth buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [stencil=false] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a stencil buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [antialias=false] - Whether MSAA as the default anti-aliasing should be enabled or not.
	 * @property {number} [samples=0] - When `antialias` is `true`, `4` samples are used by default. Set this parameter to any other integer value than 0 to overwrite the default.
	 * @property {boolean} [forceWebGL=false] - If set to `true`, the renderer uses a WebGL 2 backend no matter if WebGPU is supported or not.
	 * @property {WebGL2RenderingContext} [context=undefined] - A WebGL 2 rendering context.
	 */

	/**
	 * Constructs a new WebGPU backend.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLBackend~Options} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters = {} ) {

		super( parameters );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isWebGLBackend = true;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding shader attribute-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGLAttributeUtils}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.attributeUtils = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding extension-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGLExtensions}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.extensions = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding capability-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGLCapabilities}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.capabilities = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding texture-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGLTextureUtils}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.textureUtils = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding renderer-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGLBufferRenderer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.bufferRenderer = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the rendering context.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGL2RenderingContext}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.gl = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding state-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGLState}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.state = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding common
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGLUtils}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.utils = null;

		/**
		 * Dictionary for caching VAOs.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,WebGLVertexArrayObject>}
		 */
		this.vaoCache = {};

		/**
		 * Dictionary for caching transform feedback objects.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,WebGLTransformFeedback>}
		 */
		this.transformFeedbackCache = {};

		/**
		 * Controls if `gl.RASTERIZER_DISCARD` should be enabled or not.
		 * Only relevant when using compute shaders.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.discard = false;

		/**
		 * A reference to the `EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2` extension. `null` if the
		 * device does not support the extension.
		 *
		 * @type {?EXTDisjointTimerQueryWebGL2}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.disjoint = null;

		/**
		* A reference to the `KHR_parallel_shader_compile` extension. `null` if the
		* device does not support the extension.
		*
		* @type {?KHRParallelShaderCompile}
		* @default null
		*/
		this.parallel = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the current render context.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {RenderContext}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._currentContext = null;

		/**
		 * A unique collection of bindings.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {WeakSet<Array<BindGroup>>}
		 */
		this._knownBindings = new WeakSet();

		/**
		 * Whether the device supports framebuffers invalidation or not.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this._supportsInvalidateFramebuffer = typeof navigator === 'undefined' ? false : /OculusBrowser/g.test( navigator.userAgent );

		/**
		 * The target framebuffer when rendering with
		 * the WebXR device API.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?WebGLFramebuffer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._xrFramebuffer = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the backend so it is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 */
	init( renderer ) {

		super.init( renderer );

		//

		const parameters = this.parameters;

		const contextAttributes = {
			antialias: renderer.currentSamples > 0,
			alpha: true, // always true for performance reasons
			depth: renderer.depth,
			stencil: renderer.stencil
		};

		const glContext = ( parameters.context !== undefined ) ? parameters.context : renderer.domElement.getContext( 'webgl2', contextAttributes );

	 	function onContextLost( event ) {

			event.preventDefault();

			const contextLossInfo = {
				api: 'WebGL',
				message: event.statusMessage || 'Unknown reason',
				reason: null,
				originalEvent: event
			};

			renderer.onDeviceLost( contextLossInfo );

		}

		this._onContextLost = onContextLost;

		renderer.domElement.addEventListener( 'webglcontextlost', onContextLost, false );

		this.gl = glContext;

		this.extensions = new WebGLExtensions( this );
		this.capabilities = new WebGLCapabilities( this );
		this.attributeUtils = new WebGLAttributeUtils( this );
		this.textureUtils = new WebGLTextureUtils( this );
		this.bufferRenderer = new WebGLBufferRenderer( this );

		this.state = new WebGLState( this );
		this.utils = new WebGLUtils( this );

		this.extensions.get( 'EXT_color_buffer_float' );
		this.extensions.get( 'WEBGL_clip_cull_distance' );
		this.extensions.get( 'OES_texture_float_linear' );
		this.extensions.get( 'EXT_color_buffer_half_float' );
		this.extensions.get( 'WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture' );
		this.extensions.get( 'WEBGL_render_shared_exponent' );
		this.extensions.get( 'WEBGL_multi_draw' );
		this.extensions.get( 'OVR_multiview2' );
		this.extensions.get( 'EXT_clip_control' );

		this.disjoint = this.extensions.get( 'EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2' );
		this.parallel = this.extensions.get( 'KHR_parallel_shader_compile' );
		this.drawBuffersIndexedExt = this.extensions.get( 'OES_draw_buffers_indexed' );

		if ( parameters.reversedDepthBuffer ) {

			if ( this.extensions.has( 'EXT_clip_control' ) ) {

				renderer.reversedDepthBuffer = true;

			} else {

				warn( 'WebGPURenderer: Unable to use reversed depth buffer due to missing EXT_clip_control extension. Fallback to default depth buffer.' );

				renderer.reversedDepthBuffer = false;

			}

		}

		if ( renderer.reversedDepthBuffer ) {

			this.state.setReversedDepth( true );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The coordinate system of the backend.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get coordinateSystem() {

		return WebGLCoordinateSystem;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the backend supports query timestamps or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get hasTimestamp() {

		return this.disjoint !== null;

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs a readback operation by moving buffer data from
	 * a storage buffer attribute from the GPU to the CPU. ReadbackBuffer can
	 * be used to retain and reuse handles to the intermediate buffers and prevent
	 * new allocation.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The storage buffer attribute to read frm.
	 * @param {ReadbackBuffer|ArrayBuffer} target - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {number} offset - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {number} count - The offset from which to start reading the
	 * @return {Promise<ArrayBuffer|ReadbackBuffer>} A promise that resolves with the buffer data when the data are ready.
	 */
	async getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target = null, offset = 0, count = -1 ) {

		return await this.attributeUtils.getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target, offset, count );

	}

	/**
	 * Ensures the backend is XR compatible.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolve when the renderer is XR compatible.
	 */
	async makeXRCompatible() {

		const attributes = this.gl.getContextAttributes();

		if ( attributes.xrCompatible !== true ) {

			await this.gl.makeXRCompatible();

		}

	}
	/**
	 * Sets the XR rendering destination.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGLFramebuffer} xrFramebuffer - The XR framebuffer.
	 */
	setXRTarget( xrFramebuffer ) {

		this._xrFramebuffer = xrFramebuffer;

	}

	/**
	 * Configures the given XR render target with external textures.
	 *
	 * This method is only relevant when using the WebXR Layers API.
	 *
	 * @param {XRRenderTarget} renderTarget - The XR render target.
	 * @param {WebGLTexture} colorTexture - A native color texture.
	 * @param {?WebGLTexture} [depthTexture=null] - A native depth texture.
	 */
	setXRRenderTargetTextures( renderTarget, colorTexture, depthTexture = null ) {

		const gl = this.gl;

		this.set( renderTarget.texture, { textureGPU: colorTexture, glInternalFormat: gl.RGBA8 } ); // see #24698 why RGBA8 and not SRGB8_ALPHA8 is used

		if ( depthTexture !== null ) {

			const glInternalFormat = renderTarget.stencilBuffer ? gl.DEPTH24_STENCIL8 : gl.DEPTH_COMPONENT24;

			this.set( renderTarget.depthTexture, { textureGPU: depthTexture, glInternalFormat: glInternalFormat } );

			// The multisample_render_to_texture extension doesn't work properly if there
			// are midframe flushes and an external depth texture.
			if ( ( this.extensions.has( 'WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture' ) === true ) && renderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer === true && renderTarget.multiview === false ) {

				warn( 'WebGLBackend: Render-to-texture extension was disabled because an external texture was provided' );

			}

			renderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer = false;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Inits a time stamp query for the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the timestamp query.
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the timestamp query.
	 */
	initTimestampQuery( type, uid ) {

		if ( ! this.disjoint || ! this.trackTimestamp ) return;

		if ( ! this.timestampQueryPool[ type ] ) {

			// TODO: Variable maxQueries?
			this.timestampQueryPool[ type ] = new WebGLTimestampQueryPool( this.gl, type, 2048 );

		}

		const timestampQueryPool = this.timestampQueryPool[ type ];

		const baseOffset = timestampQueryPool.allocateQueriesForContext( uid );

		if ( baseOffset !== null ) {

			timestampQueryPool.beginQuery( uid );

		}

	}

	// timestamp utils

	/**
	 * Prepares the timestamp buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the timestamp query.
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the timestamp query.
	 */
	prepareTimestampBuffer( type, uid ) {

		if ( ! this.disjoint || ! this.trackTimestamp ) return;

		const timestampQueryPool = this.timestampQueryPool[ type ];

		timestampQueryPool.endQuery( uid );

	}


	/**
	 * Returns the backend's rendering context.
	 *
	 * @return {WebGL2RenderingContext} The rendering context.
	 */
	getContext() {

		return this.gl;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the beginning of a render call and prepares
	 * the WebGL state for upcoming render calls
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	beginRender( renderContext ) {

		const { state } = this;
		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		//

		if ( renderContext.viewport ) {

			this.updateViewport( renderContext );

		} else {

			const { width, height } = this.getDrawingBufferSize();
			state.viewport( 0, 0, width, height );

		}

		if ( renderContext.scissor ) {

			this.updateScissor( renderContext );

		} else {

			const { width, height } = this.getDrawingBufferSize();
			state.scissor( 0, 0, width, height );

		}

		//

		this.initTimestampQuery( TimestampQuery.RENDER, this.getTimestampUID( renderContext ) );

		renderContextData.previousContext = this._currentContext;
		this._currentContext = renderContext;

		this._setFramebuffer( renderContext );
		this.clear( renderContext.clearColor, renderContext.clearDepth, renderContext.clearStencil, renderContext, false );

		const occlusionQueryCount = renderContext.occlusionQueryCount;

		if ( occlusionQueryCount > 0 ) {

			// Get a reference to the array of objects with queries. The renderContextData property
			// can be changed by another render pass before the async reading of all previous queries complete
			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueries = renderContextData.occlusionQueries;
			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryObjects = renderContextData.occlusionQueryObjects;

			renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject = null;
			renderContextData.occlusionQueries = new Array( occlusionQueryCount );
			renderContextData.occlusionQueryObjects = new Array( occlusionQueryCount );
			renderContextData.occlusionQueryIndex = 0;

		} else if ( renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject !== undefined ) {

			// invalidate if there is a stale query

			renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject = undefined;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the end of a render call and finalizes work
	 * after draw calls.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	finishRender( renderContext ) {

		const { gl, state } = this;
		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );
		const previousContext = renderContextData.previousContext;

		state.resetVertexState();

		const occlusionQueryCount = renderContext.occlusionQueryCount;

		if ( occlusionQueryCount > 0 ) {

			const lastOcclusionObject = renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject;

			if ( lastOcclusionObject && lastOcclusionObject.occlusionTest === true ) {

				gl.endQuery( gl.ANY_SAMPLES_PASSED );

			}

			this.resolveOccludedAsync( renderContext );

		}

		const textures = renderContext.textures;

		if ( textures !== null ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

				const texture = textures[ i ];

				if ( texture.generateMipmaps ) {

					this.generateMipmaps( texture );

				}

			}

		}

		this._currentContext = previousContext;

		this._resolveRenderTarget( renderContext );

		if ( previousContext !== null ) {

			this._setFramebuffer( previousContext );

			if ( previousContext.viewport ) {

				this.updateViewport( previousContext );

			} else {

				const { width, height } = this.getDrawingBufferSize();
				state.viewport( 0, 0, width, height );

			}

			if ( previousContext.scissor ) {

				this.updateScissor( previousContext );

			} else {

				const { width, height } = this.getDrawingBufferSize();
				state.scissor( 0, 0, width, height );

			}

		}

		this.prepareTimestampBuffer( TimestampQuery.RENDER, this.getTimestampUID( renderContext ) );

	}

	/**
	 * This method processes the result of occlusion queries and writes it
	 * into render context data.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	resolveOccludedAsync( renderContext ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		// handle occlusion query results

		const { currentOcclusionQueries, currentOcclusionQueryObjects } = renderContextData;

		if ( currentOcclusionQueries && currentOcclusionQueryObjects ) {

			const occluded = new WeakSet();
			const { gl } = this;

			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryObjects = null;
			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueries = null;

			const check = () => {

				let completed = true;

				// check all queries and requeue as appropriate
				for ( let i = 0; i < currentOcclusionQueries.length; i ++ ) {

					const query = currentOcclusionQueries[ i ];

					if ( ! query ) continue;

					if ( gl.getQueryParameter( query, gl.QUERY_RESULT_AVAILABLE ) ) {

						if ( gl.getQueryParameter( query, gl.QUERY_RESULT ) === 0 ) occluded.add( currentOcclusionQueryObjects[ i ] );

						currentOcclusionQueries[ i ] = null;
						gl.deleteQuery( query );

					} else {

						completed = false;

					}

				}

				if ( completed === false ) {

					requestAnimationFrame( check );

				} else {

					renderContextData.occluded = occluded;

				}

			};

			check();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given 3D object is fully occluded by other
	 * 3D objects in the scene.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the 3D object is fully occluded or not.
	 */
	isOccluded( renderContext, object ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		return renderContextData.occluded && renderContextData.occluded.has( object );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the viewport with the values from the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	updateViewport( renderContext ) {

		const { state } = this;
		const { x, y, width, height } = renderContext.viewportValue;

		state.viewport( x, renderContext.height - height - y, width, height );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the scissor with the values from the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	updateScissor( renderContext ) {

		const { state } = this;
		const { x, y, width, height } = renderContext.scissorValue;

		state.scissor( x, renderContext.height - height - y, width, height );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the scissor test.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} boolean - Whether the scissor test should be enabled or not.
	 */
	setScissorTest( boolean ) {

		const state = this.state;

		state.setScissorTest( boolean );

	}

	/**
	 * Restores the WebGL state to its default and invalidates the internal state cache.
	 */
	resetState() {

		this.state.reset();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clear color and alpha into a single
	 * color object.
	 *
	 * @return {Color4} The clear color.
	 */
	getClearColor() {

		const clearColor = super.getClearColor();

		// Since the canvas is always created with alpha: true,
		// WebGL must always premultiply the clear color.

		clearColor.r *= clearColor.a;
		clearColor.g *= clearColor.a;
		clearColor.b *= clearColor.a;

		return clearColor;

	}

	/**
	 * Performs a clear operation.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} color - Whether the color buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} depth - Whether the depth buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} stencil - Whether the stencil buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {?Object} [descriptor=null] - The render context of the current set render target.
	 * @param {boolean} [setFrameBuffer=true] - Controls whether the intermediate framebuffer should be set or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [resolveRenderTarget=true] - Controls whether an active render target should be resolved
	 * or not. Only relevant for explicit clears.
	 */
	clear( color, depth, stencil, descriptor = null, setFrameBuffer = true, resolveRenderTarget = true ) {

		const { gl, renderer } = this;

		if ( descriptor === null ) {

			const clearColor = this.getClearColor();

			descriptor = {
				textures: null,
				clearColorValue: clearColor
			};

		}

		//

		let clear = 0;

		if ( color ) clear |= gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT;
		if ( depth ) clear |= gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT;
		if ( stencil ) clear |= gl.STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT;

		if ( clear !== 0 ) {

			let clearColor;

			if ( descriptor.clearColorValue ) {

				clearColor = descriptor.clearColorValue;

			} else {

				clearColor = this.getClearColor();

			}

			const clearDepth = renderer.getClearDepth();
			const clearStencil = renderer.getClearStencil();

			if ( depth ) this.state.setDepthMask( true );

			if ( descriptor.textures === null ) {

				gl.clearColor( clearColor.r, clearColor.g, clearColor.b, clearColor.a );
				gl.clear( clear );

			} else {

				if ( setFrameBuffer ) this._setFramebuffer( descriptor );

				if ( color ) {

					for ( let i = 0; i < descriptor.textures.length; i ++ ) {

						if ( i === 0 ) {

							gl.clearBufferfv( gl.COLOR, i, [ clearColor.r, clearColor.g, clearColor.b, clearColor.a ] );

						} else {

							gl.clearBufferfv( gl.COLOR, i, [ 0, 0, 0, 1 ] );

						}

					}

				}

				if ( depth && stencil ) {

					gl.clearBufferfi( gl.DEPTH_STENCIL, 0, clearDepth, clearStencil );

				} else if ( depth ) {

					gl.clearBufferfv( gl.DEPTH, 0, [ clearDepth ] );

				} else if ( stencil ) {

					gl.clearBufferiv( gl.STENCIL, 0, [ clearStencil ] );

				}

				if ( setFrameBuffer && resolveRenderTarget ) this._resolveRenderTarget( descriptor );

				// Restore the framebuffer of the active render pass when clearing an unrelated
				// render target, so subsequent draws in the pass don't bind to the cleared target.
				if ( setFrameBuffer && this._currentContext !== null && this._currentContext !== descriptor ) {

					this._setFramebuffer( this._currentContext );

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the beginning of a compute call and
	 * prepares the state for upcoming compute tasks.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The compute node(s).
	 */
	beginCompute( computeGroup ) {

		const { state, gl } = this;

		//

		state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, null );
		this.initTimestampQuery( TimestampQuery.COMPUTE, this.getTimestampUID( computeGroup ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Executes a compute command for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The group of compute nodes of a compute call. Can be a single compute node.
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 * @param {ComputePipeline} pipeline - The compute pipeline.
	 * @param {?number} [count=null] - The count of compute invocations. If `null`, the count is determined by the compute node.
	 */
	compute( computeGroup, computeNode, bindings, pipeline, count = null ) {

		const { state, gl } = this;

		if ( this.discard === false ) {

			// required here to handle async behaviour of render.compute()
			state.enable( gl.RASTERIZER_DISCARD );
			this.discard = true;

		}

		const { programGPU, transformBuffers, attributes } = this.get( pipeline );

		const vaoKey = this._getVaoKey( attributes );

		const vaoGPU = this.vaoCache[ vaoKey ];

		if ( vaoGPU === undefined ) {

			this.vaoCache[ vaoKey ] = this._createVao( attributes );

		} else {

			state.setVertexState( vaoGPU );

		}

		state.useProgram( programGPU );

		this._bindUniforms( bindings );

		const transformFeedbackGPU = this._getTransformFeedback( transformBuffers );

		gl.bindTransformFeedback( gl.TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK, transformFeedbackGPU );
		gl.beginTransformFeedback( gl.POINTS );

		count = ( count !== null ) ? count : computeNode.count;

		if ( Array.isArray( count ) ) {

			warnOnce( 'WebGLBackend.compute(): The count parameter must be a single number, not an array.' );

			count = count[ 0 ];

		} else if ( count && typeof count === 'object' && count.isIndirectStorageBufferAttribute ) {

			warnOnce( 'WebGLBackend.compute(): The count parameter must be a single number, not IndirectStorageBufferAttribute' );

			count = computeNode.count;

		}

		if ( attributes[ 0 ].isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

			gl.drawArraysInstanced( gl.POINTS, 0, 1, count );

		} else {

			gl.drawArrays( gl.POINTS, 0, count );

		}

		gl.endTransformFeedback();
		gl.bindTransformFeedback( gl.TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK, null );

		// switch active buffers

		for ( let i = 0; i < transformBuffers.length; i ++ ) {

			const dualAttributeData = transformBuffers[ i ];

			if ( dualAttributeData.pbo && this.has( dualAttributeData.pbo ) ) {

				this.textureUtils.copyBufferToTexture( dualAttributeData.transformBuffer, dualAttributeData.pbo );

			}

			dualAttributeData.switchBuffers();


		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the end of a compute call and
	 * finalizes work after compute tasks.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The compute node(s).
	 */
	finishCompute( computeGroup ) {

		const { state, gl } = this;

		this.discard = false;

		state.disable( gl.RASTERIZER_DISCARD );

		this.prepareTimestampBuffer( TimestampQuery.COMPUTE, this.getTimestampUID( computeGroup ) );

		if ( this._currentContext ) {

			this._setFramebuffer( this._currentContext );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Internal to determine if the current render target is a render target array with depth 2D array texture.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the render target is a render target array with depth 2D array texture.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_isRenderCameraDepthArray( renderContext ) {

		return renderContext.depthTexture && renderContext.depthTexture.isArrayTexture && renderContext.camera.isArrayCamera;

	}

	/**
	 * Internal draw function.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The object to render.
	 * @param {WebGLBufferRenderer} renderer - The internal renderer.
	 * @param {number} firstVertex - The first vertex to render.
	 * @param {number} vertexCount - The vertex count.
	 * @param {number} instanceCount - The intance count.
	 * @param {WebGLProgram} programGPU - The raw WebGL shader program.
	 */
	_draw( object, renderer, firstVertex, vertexCount, instanceCount, programGPU ) {

		if ( object.isBatchedMesh ) {

			if ( this.hasFeature( 'WEBGL_multi_draw' ) === false ) {

				const { gl } = this;

				const drawIdLocation = gl.getUniformLocation( programGPU, 'nodeUniformDrawId' );

				const starts = object._multiDrawStarts;
				const counts = object._multiDrawCounts;
				const drawCount = object._multiDrawCount;

				for ( let i = 0; i < drawCount; i ++ ) {

					gl.uniform1ui( drawIdLocation, i );
					renderer.render( starts[ i ], counts[ i ] );

				}

			} else {

				renderer.renderMultiDraw( object._multiDrawStarts, object._multiDrawCounts, object._multiDrawCount );

			}

		} else if ( instanceCount > 1 ) {

			renderer.renderInstances( firstVertex, vertexCount, instanceCount );

		} else {

			renderer.render( firstVertex, vertexCount );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Executes a draw command for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object to draw.
	 * @param {Info} info - Holds a series of statistical information about the GPU memory and the rendering process.
	 */
	draw( renderObject/*, info*/ ) {

		const { object, pipeline, material, context, hardwareClippingPlanes } = renderObject;
		const { programGPU } = this.get( pipeline );

		const { gl, state } = this;

		const contextData = this.get( context );

		const drawParams = renderObject.getDrawParameters();

		if ( drawParams === null ) return;

		//

		this._bindUniforms( renderObject.getBindings() );

		const frontFaceCW = ( object.isMesh && object.matrixWorld.determinantAffine() < 0 );

		state.setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW, hardwareClippingPlanes );

		if ( context.mrt !== null && context.textures !== null ) {

			state.setMRTBlending( context.textures, context.mrt, material );

		}

		state.useProgram( programGPU );

		// vertex state

		const attributes = renderObject.getAttributes();
		const attributesData = this.get( attributes );

		let vaoGPU = attributesData.vaoGPU;

		if ( vaoGPU === undefined ) {

			const vaoKey = this._getVaoKey( attributes );

			vaoGPU = this.vaoCache[ vaoKey ];

			if ( vaoGPU === undefined ) {

				vaoGPU = this._createVao( attributes );

				this.vaoCache[ vaoKey ] = vaoGPU;
				attributesData.vaoGPU = vaoGPU;

			}

		}

		const index = renderObject.getIndex();
		const indexGPU = ( index !== null ) ? this.get( index ).bufferGPU : null;

		state.setVertexState( vaoGPU, indexGPU );

		//

		const lastObject = contextData.lastOcclusionObject;

		if ( lastObject !== object && lastObject !== undefined ) {

			if ( lastObject !== null && lastObject.occlusionTest === true ) {

				gl.endQuery( gl.ANY_SAMPLES_PASSED );

				contextData.occlusionQueryIndex ++;

			}

			if ( object.occlusionTest === true ) {

				const query = gl.createQuery();

				gl.beginQuery( gl.ANY_SAMPLES_PASSED, query );

				contextData.occlusionQueries[ contextData.occlusionQueryIndex ] = query;
				contextData.occlusionQueryObjects[ contextData.occlusionQueryIndex ] = object;

			}

			contextData.lastOcclusionObject = object;

		}

		//
		const renderer = this.bufferRenderer;

		if ( object.isPoints ) renderer.mode = gl.POINTS;
		else if ( object.isLineSegments ) renderer.mode = gl.LINES;
		else if ( object.isLine ) renderer.mode = gl.LINE_STRIP;
		else if ( object.isLineLoop ) renderer.mode = gl.LINE_LOOP;
		else {

			if ( material.wireframe === true ) {

				state.setLineWidth( material.wireframeLinewidth * this.renderer.getPixelRatio() );
				renderer.mode = gl.LINES;

			} else {

				renderer.mode = gl.TRIANGLES;

			}

		}

		//

		const { vertexCount, instanceCount } = drawParams;
		let { firstVertex } = drawParams;

		renderer.object = object;

		if ( index !== null ) {

			firstVertex *= index.array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

			const indexData = this.get( index );

			renderer.index = index.count;
			renderer.type = indexData.type;

		} else {

			renderer.index = 0;

		}

		if ( renderObject.camera.isArrayCamera === true && renderObject.camera.cameras.length > 0 && renderObject.camera.isMultiViewCamera === false ) {

			const cameraData = this.get( renderObject.camera );
			const cameras = renderObject.camera.cameras;
			const cameraIndex = renderObject.getBindingGroup( 'cameraIndex' ).bindings[ 0 ];

			if ( cameraData.indexesGPU === undefined || cameraData.indexesGPU.length !== cameras.length ) {

				const data = new Uint32Array( [ 0, 0, 0, 0 ] );
				const indexesGPU = [];

				for ( let i = 0, len = cameras.length; i < len; i ++ ) {

					const bufferGPU = gl.createBuffer();

					data[ 0 ] = i;

					gl.bindBuffer( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, bufferGPU );
					gl.bufferData( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, data, gl.STATIC_DRAW );

					indexesGPU.push( bufferGPU );

				}

				cameraData.indexesGPU = indexesGPU; // TODO: Create a global library for this

			}

			let cameraIndexBufferIndex = 0;

			bindingsSearch: for ( const bindGroup of renderObject.getBindings() ) {

				for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

					if ( binding === cameraIndex ) break bindingsSearch;

					if ( binding.isUniformsGroup || binding.isUniformBuffer ) cameraIndexBufferIndex ++;

				}

			}

			const pixelRatio = this.renderer.getPixelRatio();

			const renderTarget = this._currentContext.renderTarget;
			const isRenderCameraDepthArray = this._isRenderCameraDepthArray( this._currentContext );
			const prevActiveCubeFace = this._currentContext.activeCubeFace;

			if ( isRenderCameraDepthArray ) {

				// Clear the depth texture
				const textureData = this.get( renderTarget.depthTexture );

				if ( textureData.clearedRenderId !== this.renderer._nodes.nodeFrame.renderId ) {

					textureData.clearedRenderId = this.renderer._nodes.nodeFrame.renderId;

					const { stencilBuffer } = renderTarget;

					for ( let i = 0, len = cameras.length; i < len; i ++ ) {

						this.renderer._activeCubeFace = i;
						this._currentContext.activeCubeFace = i;

						this._setFramebuffer( this._currentContext );
						this.clear( false, true, stencilBuffer, this._currentContext, false, false );

					}

					this.renderer._activeCubeFace = prevActiveCubeFace;
					this._currentContext.activeCubeFace = prevActiveCubeFace;

				}

			}

			for ( let i = 0, len = cameras.length; i < len; i ++ ) {

				const subCamera = cameras[ i ];

				if ( object.layers.test( subCamera.layers ) ) {

					if ( isRenderCameraDepthArray ) {

						// Update the active layer
						this.renderer._activeCubeFace = i;
						this._currentContext.activeCubeFace = i;

						this._setFramebuffer( this._currentContext );

					}

					const vp = subCamera.viewport;

					if ( vp !== undefined ) {

						const x = vp.x * pixelRatio;
						const y = vp.y * pixelRatio;
						const width = vp.width * pixelRatio;
						const height = vp.height * pixelRatio;

						state.viewport(
							Math.floor( x ),
							Math.floor( renderObject.context.height - height - y ),
							Math.floor( width ),
							Math.floor( height )
						);

					}

					state.bindBufferBase( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, cameraIndexBufferIndex, cameraData.indexesGPU[ i ] );

					this._draw( object, renderer, firstVertex, vertexCount, instanceCount, programGPU );

				}

				this._currentContext.activeCubeFace = prevActiveCubeFace;
				this.renderer._activeCubeFace = prevActiveCubeFace;

			}

		} else {

			this._draw( object, renderer, firstVertex, vertexCount, instanceCount, programGPU );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Explain why always null is returned.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the render pipeline requires an update or not.
	 */
	needsRenderUpdate( /*renderObject*/ ) {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Explain why no cache key is computed.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {string} The cache key.
	 */
	getRenderCacheKey( /*renderObject*/ ) {

		return '';

	}

	// textures

	/**
	 * Creates a default texture for the given texture that can be used
	 * as a placeholder until the actual texture is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to create a default texture for.
	 */
	createDefaultTexture( texture ) {

		this.textureUtils.createDefaultTexture( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines a texture on the GPU for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	createTexture( texture, options ) {

		this.textureUtils.createTexture( texture, options );

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads the updated texture data to the GPU.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	updateTexture( texture, options ) {

		this.textureUtils.updateTexture( texture, options );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates mipmaps for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 */
	generateMipmaps( texture ) {

		this.textureUtils.generateMipmaps( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU data for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {boolean} [isDefaultTexture=false] - Whether the texture uses a default GPU texture or not.
	 */
	destroyTexture( texture, isDefaultTexture = false ) {

		this.textureUtils.destroyTexture( texture, isDefaultTexture );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns texture data as a typed array.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to copy.
	 * @param {number} x - The x coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} y - The y coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy.
	 * @param {number} faceIndex - The face index.
	 * @return {Promise<TypedArray>} A Promise that resolves with a typed array when the copy operation has finished.
	 */
	async copyTextureToBuffer( texture, x, y, width, height, faceIndex ) {

		return this.textureUtils.copyTextureToBuffer( texture, x, y, width, height, faceIndex );

	}

	/**
	 * This method does nothing since WebGL 2 has no concept of samplers.
	 *
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to update.
	 * @return {string} The current sampler key.
	 */
	updateSampler( /*binding*/ ) {

		return '';

	}

	// node builder

	/**
	 * Returns a node builder for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} object - The render object.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {GLSLNodeBuilder} The node builder.
	 */
	createNodeBuilder( object, renderer ) {

		return new GLSLNodeBuilder( object, renderer );

	}

	// program

	/**
	 * Creates a shader program from the given programmable stage.
	 *
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} program - The programmable stage.
	 */
	createProgram( program ) {

		const gl = this.gl;
		const { stage, code } = program;

		const shader = stage === 'fragment' ? gl.createShader( gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER ) : gl.createShader( gl.VERTEX_SHADER );

		gl.shaderSource( shader, code );
		gl.compileShader( shader );

		this.set( program, {
			shaderGPU: shader
		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the shader program of the given programmable stage.
	 *
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} program - The programmable stage.
	 */
	destroyProgram( program ) {

		this.delete( program );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a render pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Array<Promise>} promises - An array of compilation promises which are used in `compileAsync()`.
	 */
	createRenderPipeline( renderObject, promises ) {

		const gl = this.gl;
		const pipeline = renderObject.pipeline;

		// Program

		const { fragmentProgram, vertexProgram } = pipeline;

		const programGPU = gl.createProgram();

		const fragmentShader = this.get( fragmentProgram ).shaderGPU;
		const vertexShader = this.get( vertexProgram ).shaderGPU;

		gl.attachShader( programGPU, fragmentShader );
		gl.attachShader( programGPU, vertexShader );
		gl.linkProgram( programGPU );

		this.set( pipeline, {
			programGPU,
			fragmentShader,
			vertexShader
		} );

		if ( promises !== null && this.parallel ) {

			const p = new Promise( ( resolve /*, reject*/ ) => {

				const parallel = this.parallel;
				const checkStatus = () => {

					if ( gl.getProgramParameter( programGPU, parallel.COMPLETION_STATUS_KHR ) ) {

						this._completeCompile( renderObject, pipeline );
						resolve();

					} else {

						requestAnimationFrame( checkStatus );

					}

				};

				checkStatus();

			} );

			promises.push( p );

			return;

		}

		this._completeCompile( renderObject, pipeline );

	}

	/**
	 * Formats the source code of error messages.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} string - The code.
	 * @param {number} errorLine - The error line.
	 * @return {string} The formatted code.
	 */
	_handleSource( string, errorLine ) {

		const lines = string.split( '\n' );
		const lines2 = [];

		const from = Math.max( errorLine - 6, 0 );
		const to = Math.min( errorLine + 6, lines.length );

		for ( let i = from; i < to; i ++ ) {

			const line = i + 1;
			lines2.push( `${line === errorLine ? '>' : ' '} ${line}: ${lines[ i ]}` );

		}

		return lines2.join( '\n' );

	}

	/**
	 * Gets the shader compilation errors from the info log.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {WebGL2RenderingContext} gl - The rendering context.
	 * @param {WebGLShader} shader - The WebGL shader object.
	 * @param {string} type - The shader type.
	 * @return {string} The shader errors.
	 */
	_getShaderErrors( gl, shader, type ) {

		const status = gl.getShaderParameter( shader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS );

		const shaderInfoLog = gl.getShaderInfoLog( shader ) || '';
		const errors = shaderInfoLog.trim();

		if ( status && errors === '' ) return '';

		const errorMatches = /ERROR: 0:(\d+)/.exec( errors );
		if ( errorMatches ) {

			const errorLine = parseInt( errorMatches[ 1 ] );
			return type.toUpperCase() + '\n\n' + errors + '\n\n' + this._handleSource( gl.getShaderSource( shader ), errorLine );

		} else {

			return errors;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Logs shader compilation errors.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {WebGLProgram} programGPU - The WebGL program.
	 * @param {WebGLShader} glFragmentShader - The fragment shader as a native WebGL shader object.
	 * @param {WebGLShader} glVertexShader - The vertex shader as a native WebGL shader object.
	 */
	_logProgramError( programGPU, glFragmentShader, glVertexShader ) {

		if ( this.renderer.debug.checkShaderErrors ) {

			const gl = this.gl;

			const programInfoLog = gl.getProgramInfoLog( programGPU ) || '';
			const programLog = programInfoLog.trim();

			if ( gl.getProgramParameter( programGPU, gl.LINK_STATUS ) === false ) {

				if ( typeof this.renderer.debug.onShaderError === 'function' ) {

					this.renderer.debug.onShaderError( gl, programGPU, glVertexShader, glFragmentShader );

				} else {

					// default error reporting

					const vertexErrors = this._getShaderErrors( gl, glVertexShader, 'vertex' );
					const fragmentErrors = this._getShaderErrors( gl, glFragmentShader, 'fragment' );

					error(
						'WebGLProgram: Shader Error ' + gl.getError() + ' - ' +
						'VALIDATE_STATUS ' + gl.getProgramParameter( programGPU, gl.VALIDATE_STATUS ) + '\n\n' +
						'Program Info Log: ' + programLog + '\n' +
						vertexErrors + '\n' +
						fragmentErrors
					);

				}

			} else if ( programLog !== '' ) {

				warn( 'WebGLProgram: Program Info Log:', programLog );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Completes the shader program setup for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {RenderPipeline} pipeline - The render pipeline.
	 */
	_completeCompile( renderObject, pipeline ) {

		const { state, gl } = this;
		const pipelineData = this.get( pipeline );
		const { programGPU, fragmentShader, vertexShader } = pipelineData;

		if ( gl.getProgramParameter( programGPU, gl.LINK_STATUS ) === false ) {

			this._logProgramError( programGPU, fragmentShader, vertexShader );

		}

		state.useProgram( programGPU );

		// Bindings

		const bindings = renderObject.getBindings();

		this._setupBindings( bindings, programGPU );

		//

		this.set( pipeline, {
			programGPU,
			pipeline: programGPU
		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a compute pipeline for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {ComputePipeline} computePipeline - The compute pipeline.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 */
	createComputePipeline( computePipeline, bindings ) {

		const { state, gl } = this;

		// Program

		const fragmentProgram = {
			stage: 'fragment',
			code: '#version 300 es\nprecision highp float;\nvoid main() {}'
		};

		this.createProgram( fragmentProgram );

		const { computeProgram } = computePipeline;

		const programGPU = gl.createProgram();

		const fragmentShader = this.get( fragmentProgram ).shaderGPU;
		const vertexShader = this.get( computeProgram ).shaderGPU;

		const transforms = computeProgram.transforms;

		const transformVaryingNames = [];
		const transformAttributeNodes = [];

		for ( let i = 0; i < transforms.length; i ++ ) {

			const transform = transforms[ i ];

			transformVaryingNames.push( transform.varyingName );
			transformAttributeNodes.push( transform.attributeNode );

		}

		gl.attachShader( programGPU, fragmentShader );
		gl.attachShader( programGPU, vertexShader );

		gl.transformFeedbackVaryings(
			programGPU,
			transformVaryingNames,
			gl.SEPARATE_ATTRIBS
		);

		gl.linkProgram( programGPU );

		if ( gl.getProgramParameter( programGPU, gl.LINK_STATUS ) === false ) {

			this._logProgramError( programGPU, fragmentShader, vertexShader );


		}

		state.useProgram( programGPU );

		// Bindings

		this._setupBindings( bindings, programGPU );

		const attributeNodes = computeProgram.attributes;
		const attributes = [];
		const transformBuffers = [];

		for ( let i = 0; i < attributeNodes.length; i ++ ) {

			const attribute = attributeNodes[ i ].node.attribute;

			attributes.push( attribute );

			if ( ! this.has( attribute ) ) this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, gl.ARRAY_BUFFER );

		}

		for ( let i = 0; i < transformAttributeNodes.length; i ++ ) {

			const attribute = transformAttributeNodes[ i ].attribute;

			if ( ! this.has( attribute ) ) this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, gl.ARRAY_BUFFER );

			const attributeData = this.get( attribute );

			transformBuffers.push( attributeData );

		}

		//

		this.set( computePipeline, {
			programGPU,
			transformBuffers,
			attributes
		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates bindings from the given bind group definition.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - Array of bind groups.
	 * @param {number} cacheIndex - The cache index.
	 * @param {number} version - The version.
	 */
	createBindings( bindGroup, bindings /*, cacheIndex, version*/ ) {

		if ( this._knownBindings.has( bindings ) === false ) {

			this._knownBindings.add( bindings );

			let uniformBuffers = 0;
			let textures = 0;

			for ( const bindGroup of bindings ) {

				this.set( bindGroup, {
					textures: textures,
					uniformBuffers: uniformBuffers
				} );

				for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

					if ( binding.isUniformBuffer ) uniformBuffers ++;
					if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) textures ++;

				}

			}

		}

		this.updateBindings( bindGroup, bindings );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given bind group definition.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - Array of bind groups.
	 * @param {number} cacheIndex - The cache index.
	 * @param {number} version - The version.
	 */
	updateBindings( bindGroup /*, bindings, cacheIndex, version*/ ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

			const map = this.get( binding );

			if ( binding.isUniformsGroup || binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

				const array = binding.buffer;
				const bufferGPU = map.bufferGPU;

				gl.bindBuffer( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, bufferGPU );

				// update

				const updateRanges = binding.updateRanges;

				gl.bindBuffer( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, bufferGPU );

				if ( updateRanges.length === 0 ) {

					gl.bufferData( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, array, gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW );

				} else {

					const isTyped = isTypedArray( array );
					const byteOffsetFactor = isTyped ? 1 : array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

					for ( let i = 0, l = updateRanges.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

						const range = updateRanges[ i ];

						const dataOffset = range.start * byteOffsetFactor;
						const size = range.count * byteOffsetFactor;

						const bufferOffset = dataOffset * ( isTyped ? array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT : 1 ); // bufferOffset is always in bytes

						gl.bufferSubData( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, bufferOffset, array, dataOffset, size );

					}

				}

				this.set( binding, map );

			} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) {

				const { textureGPU, glTextureType } = this.get( binding.texture );

				map.textureGPU = textureGPU;
				map.glTextureType = glTextureType;

				this.set( binding, map );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a buffer binding.
	 *
	 *  @param {Buffer} binding - The buffer binding to update.
	 */
	updateBinding( binding ) {

		const gl = this.gl;

		if ( binding.isUniformsGroup || binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

			const bindingData = this.get( binding );
			const bufferGPU = bindingData.bufferGPU;
			const array = binding.buffer;

			const updateRanges = binding.updateRanges;

			gl.bindBuffer( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, bufferGPU );

			if ( updateRanges.length === 0 ) {

				gl.bufferData( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, array, gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW );

			} else {

				const isTyped = isTypedArray( array );
				const byteOffsetFactor = isTyped ? 1 : array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

				// Update ranges arrive sorted and non-overlapping which makes
				// it easy to merge contiguous ranges.

				let start = updateRanges[ 0 ].start; // start of the current merged range

				for ( let i = 0, l = updateRanges.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

					const range = updateRanges[ i ];
					const next = updateRanges[ i + 1 ];

					const end = range.start + range.count; // exclusive end of the current range

					// keep merging while the next range is contiguous

					if ( next !== undefined && next.start === end ) continue;

					// write the merged range

					const dataOffset = start * byteOffsetFactor;
					const size = ( end - start ) * byteOffsetFactor;

					const bufferOffset = dataOffset * ( isTyped ? array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT : 1 ); // bufferOffset is always in bytes

					gl.bufferSubData( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, bufferOffset, array, dataOffset, size );

					// start next if possible

					if ( next !== undefined ) start = next.start;

				}

			}

		}

	}

	// attributes

	/**
	 * Creates a uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {Buffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer.
	 */
	createUniformBuffer( uniformBuffer ) {

		const uniformBufferData = this.get( uniformBuffer );

		if ( uniformBufferData.bufferGPU === undefined ) {

			const gl = this.gl;
			const array = uniformBuffer.buffer;

			uniformBufferData.bufferGPU = gl.createBuffer();

			gl.bindBuffer( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, uniformBufferData.bufferGPU );
			gl.bufferData( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, array.byteLength, gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU data for the given uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {Buffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer.
	 */
	destroyUniformBuffer( uniformBuffer ) {

		const uniformBufferData = this.get( uniformBuffer );

		this.gl.deleteBuffer( uniformBufferData.bufferGPU );

		this.delete( uniformBuffer );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of an indexed shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The indexed buffer attribute.
	 */
	createIndexAttribute( attribute ) {

		const gl = this.gl;

		this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	createAttribute( attribute ) {

		if ( this.has( attribute ) ) return;

		const gl = this.gl;

		this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, gl.ARRAY_BUFFER );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of a storage attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	createStorageAttribute( attribute ) {

		if ( this.has( attribute ) ) return;

		const gl = this.gl;

		this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, gl.ARRAY_BUFFER );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute to update.
	 */
	updateAttribute( attribute ) {

		this.attributeUtils.updateAttribute( attribute );

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute to destroy.
	 */
	destroyAttribute( attribute ) {

		this.attributeUtils.destroyAttribute( attribute );

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given feature is supported  by the backend.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The feature's name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the feature is supported or not.
	 */
	hasFeature( name ) {

		const keysMatching = Object.keys( GLFeatureName ).filter( key => GLFeatureName[ key ] === name );

		const extensions = this.extensions;

		for ( let i = 0; i < keysMatching.length; i ++ ) {

			if ( extensions.has( keysMatching[ i ] ) ) return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Copies data of the given source texture to the given destination texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} srcTexture - The source texture.
	 * @param {Texture} dstTexture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {?(Box3|Box2)} [srcRegion=null] - The region of the source texture to copy.
	 * @param {?(Vector2|Vector3)} [dstPosition=null] - The destination position of the copy.
	 * @param {number} [srcLevel=0] - The source mip level to copy from.
	 * @param {number} [dstLevel=0] - The destination mip level to copy to.
	 */
	copyTextureToTexture( srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion = null, dstPosition = null, srcLevel = 0, dstLevel = 0 ) {

		this.textureUtils.copyTextureToTexture( srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion, dstPosition, srcLevel, dstLevel );

	}

	/**
	 * Copies the current bound framebuffer to the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Vector4} rectangle - A four dimensional vector defining the origin and dimension of the copy.
	 */
	copyFramebufferToTexture( texture, renderContext, rectangle ) {

		this.textureUtils.copyFramebufferToTexture( texture, renderContext, rectangle );

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given compatibility is supported by the backend.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The compatibility name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the compatibility is supported or not.
	 */
	hasCompatibility( name ) {

		if ( name === Compatibility.TEXTURE_COMPARE ) return true;

		return super.hasCompatibility( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the render target defined in the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	initRenderTarget( renderContext ) {

		const { gl, state } = this;

		this._setFramebuffer( renderContext );

		state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, null );

	}

	/**
	 * Configures the active framebuffer from the given render context.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderContext} descriptor - The render context.
	 */
	_setFramebuffer( descriptor ) {

		const { gl, state } = this;

		let currentFrameBuffer = null;

		if ( descriptor.textures !== null ) {

			const renderTarget = descriptor.renderTarget;
			const renderTargetContextData = this.get( renderTarget );
			const { samples, depthBuffer, stencilBuffer } = renderTarget;

			const isCube = renderTarget.isCubeRenderTarget === true;
			const isRenderTarget3D = renderTarget.isRenderTarget3D === true;
			const isRenderTargetArray = renderTarget.depth > 1;
			const isXRRenderTarget = renderTarget.isXRRenderTarget === true;
			const _hasExternalTextures = ( isXRRenderTarget === true && renderTarget._hasExternalTextures === true );

			let msaaFb = renderTargetContextData.msaaFrameBuffer;
			let depthRenderbuffer = renderTargetContextData.depthRenderbuffer;
			const multisampledRTTExt = this.extensions.get( 'WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture' );
			const multiviewExt = this.extensions.get( 'OVR_multiview2' );
			const useMultisampledRTT = this._useMultisampledExtension( renderTarget );
			const cacheKey = getCacheKey( descriptor );

			let fb;

			if ( isCube ) {

				renderTargetContextData.cubeFramebuffers || ( renderTargetContextData.cubeFramebuffers = {} );

				fb = renderTargetContextData.cubeFramebuffers[ cacheKey ];

			} else if ( isXRRenderTarget && _hasExternalTextures === false ) {

				fb = this._xrFramebuffer;

			} else {

				renderTargetContextData.framebuffers || ( renderTargetContextData.framebuffers = {} );

				fb = renderTargetContextData.framebuffers[ cacheKey ];

			}

			if ( fb === undefined ) {

				fb = gl.createFramebuffer();

				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, fb );

				const textures = descriptor.textures;
				const depthInvalidationArray = [];

				if ( isCube ) {

					renderTargetContextData.cubeFramebuffers[ cacheKey ] = fb;

					const { textureGPU } = this.get( textures[ 0 ] );

					const cubeFace = this.renderer._activeCubeFace;
					const mipLevel = this.renderer._activeMipmapLevel;

					gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + cubeFace, textureGPU, mipLevel );

				} else {

					renderTargetContextData.framebuffers[ cacheKey ] = fb;

					for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

						const texture = textures[ i ];
						const textureData = this.get( texture );
						textureData.renderTarget = descriptor.renderTarget;
						textureData.cacheKey = cacheKey; // required for copyTextureToTexture()

						const attachment = gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i;

						if ( renderTarget.multiview ) {

							multiviewExt.framebufferTextureMultisampleMultiviewOVR( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, attachment, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples, 0, 2 );

						} else if ( isRenderTarget3D || isRenderTargetArray ) {

							const layer = this.renderer._activeCubeFace;
							const mipLevel = this.renderer._activeMipmapLevel;

							gl.framebufferTextureLayer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, attachment, textureData.textureGPU, mipLevel, layer );

						} else {

							if ( useMultisampledRTT ) {

								multisampledRTTExt.framebufferTexture2DMultisampleEXT( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, attachment, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples );

							} else {

								const mipLevel = this.renderer._activeMipmapLevel;

								gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, attachment, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, mipLevel );

							}

						}

					}

				}

				const depthStyle = stencilBuffer ? gl.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT;

				if ( renderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer === true ) {

					const renderbuffer = gl.createRenderbuffer();
					this.textureUtils.setupRenderBufferStorage( renderbuffer, descriptor, 0, useMultisampledRTT );
					renderTargetContextData.xrDepthRenderbuffer = renderbuffer;
					depthInvalidationArray.push( stencilBuffer ? gl.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT );

					gl.bindRenderbuffer( gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderbuffer );
					gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderbuffer );


				} else {

					if ( descriptor.depthTexture !== null ) {

						depthInvalidationArray.push( stencilBuffer ? gl.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT );

						const textureData = this.get( descriptor.depthTexture );
						textureData.renderTarget = descriptor.renderTarget;
						textureData.cacheKey = cacheKey; // required for copyTextureToTexture()

						if ( renderTarget.multiview ) {

							multiviewExt.framebufferTextureMultisampleMultiviewOVR( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples, 0, 2 );

						} else if ( _hasExternalTextures && useMultisampledRTT ) {

							multisampledRTTExt.framebufferTexture2DMultisampleEXT( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples );

						} else {

							if ( descriptor.depthTexture.isArrayTexture ) {

								const layer = this.renderer._activeCubeFace;

								gl.framebufferTextureLayer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, textureData.textureGPU, 0, layer );

							} else if ( descriptor.depthTexture.isCubeTexture ) {

								const cubeFace = this.renderer._activeCubeFace;

								gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + cubeFace, textureData.textureGPU, 0 );

							} else {

								gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, 0 );

							}

						}

					}

				}

				renderTargetContextData.depthInvalidationArray = depthInvalidationArray;


			} else {

				const isRenderCameraDepthArray = this._isRenderCameraDepthArray( descriptor );

				if ( isRenderCameraDepthArray ) {

					state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, fb );

					const layer = this.renderer._activeCubeFace;

					const depthData = this.get( descriptor.depthTexture );
					const depthStyle = stencilBuffer ? gl.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT;
					gl.framebufferTextureLayer(
						gl.FRAMEBUFFER,
						depthStyle,
						depthData.textureGPU,
						0,
						layer
					);

				}

				// rebind external XR textures

				if ( ( isXRRenderTarget || useMultisampledRTT || renderTarget.multiview ) && ( renderTarget._isOpaqueFramebuffer !== true ) ) {

					state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, fb );

					// rebind color

					const textureData = this.get( descriptor.textures[ 0 ] );

					if ( renderTarget.multiview ) {

						multiviewExt.framebufferTextureMultisampleMultiviewOVR( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples, 0, 2 );

					} else if ( useMultisampledRTT ) {

						multisampledRTTExt.framebufferTexture2DMultisampleEXT( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples );

					} else {

						gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, 0 );

					}

					// rebind depth

					const depthStyle = stencilBuffer ? gl.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT;

					if ( renderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer === true ) {

						const renderbuffer = renderTargetContextData.xrDepthRenderbuffer;
						gl.bindRenderbuffer( gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderbuffer );
						gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, gl.RENDERBUFFER, renderbuffer );

					} else {

						const textureData = this.get( descriptor.depthTexture );

						if ( renderTarget.multiview ) {

							multiviewExt.framebufferTextureMultisampleMultiviewOVR( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples, 0, 2 );

						} else if ( useMultisampledRTT ) {

							multisampledRTTExt.framebufferTexture2DMultisampleEXT( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, 0, samples );

						} else {

							gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, depthStyle, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureData.textureGPU, 0 );

						}

					}

				}

			}

			if ( samples > 0 && useMultisampledRTT === false && ! renderTarget.multiview ) {

				if ( msaaFb === undefined ) {

					msaaFb = gl.createFramebuffer();

					state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, msaaFb );

					const msaaRenderbuffers = [];

					const textures = descriptor.textures;

					for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

						msaaRenderbuffers[ i ] = gl.createRenderbuffer();

						gl.bindRenderbuffer( gl.RENDERBUFFER, msaaRenderbuffers[ i ] );

						const texture = descriptor.textures[ i ];
						const textureData = this.get( texture );

						gl.renderbufferStorageMultisample( gl.RENDERBUFFER, samples, textureData.glInternalFormat, descriptor.width, descriptor.height );
						gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i, gl.RENDERBUFFER, msaaRenderbuffers[ i ] );


					}

					gl.bindRenderbuffer( gl.RENDERBUFFER, null );

					renderTargetContextData.msaaFrameBuffer = msaaFb;
					renderTargetContextData.msaaRenderbuffers = msaaRenderbuffers;

					if ( depthBuffer && depthRenderbuffer === undefined ) {

						depthRenderbuffer = gl.createRenderbuffer();
						this.textureUtils.setupRenderBufferStorage( depthRenderbuffer, descriptor, samples );

						renderTargetContextData.depthRenderbuffer = depthRenderbuffer;

					}

				}

				currentFrameBuffer = renderTargetContextData.msaaFrameBuffer;

			} else {

				currentFrameBuffer = fb;

			}

			state.drawBuffers( descriptor, fb );

		}

		state.bindFramebuffer( gl.FRAMEBUFFER, currentFrameBuffer );

	}

	/**
	 * Computes the VAO key for the given index and attributes.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<BufferAttribute>} attributes - An array of buffer attributes.
	 * @return {string} The VAO key.
	 */
	_getVaoKey( attributes ) {

		let key = '';

		for ( let i = 0; i < attributes.length; i ++ ) {

			const attributeData = this.get( attributes[ i ] );

			key += ':' + attributeData.id;

		}

		return key;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a VAO from the index and attributes.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<BufferAttribute>} attributes - An array of buffer attributes.
	 * @return {Object} The VAO data.
	 */
	_createVao( attributes ) {

		const { gl } = this;

		const vaoGPU = gl.createVertexArray();

		gl.bindVertexArray( vaoGPU );

		for ( let i = 0; i < attributes.length; i ++ ) {

			const attribute = attributes[ i ];
			const attributeData = this.get( attribute );

			gl.bindBuffer( gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, attributeData.bufferGPU );
			gl.enableVertexAttribArray( i );

			let stride, offset;

			if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute === true ) {

				stride = attribute.data.stride * attributeData.bytesPerElement;
				offset = attribute.offset * attributeData.bytesPerElement;

			} else {

				stride = 0;
				offset = 0;

			}

			if ( attributeData.isInteger ) {

				gl.vertexAttribIPointer( i, attribute.itemSize, attributeData.type, stride, offset );

			} else {

				gl.vertexAttribPointer( i, attribute.itemSize, attributeData.type, attribute.normalized, stride, offset );

			}

			if ( attribute.isInstancedBufferAttribute && ! attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) {

				gl.vertexAttribDivisor( i, attribute.meshPerAttribute );

			} else if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute && attribute.data.isInstancedInterleavedBuffer ) {

				gl.vertexAttribDivisor( i, attribute.data.meshPerAttribute );

			}

		}

		gl.bindBuffer( gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, null );

		return vaoGPU;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a transform feedback from the given transform buffers.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<DualAttributeData>} transformBuffers - The transform buffers.
	 * @return {WebGLTransformFeedback} The transform feedback.
	 */
	_getTransformFeedback( transformBuffers ) {

		let key = '';

		for ( let i = 0; i < transformBuffers.length; i ++ ) {

			key += ':' + transformBuffers[ i ].id;

		}

		let transformFeedbackGPU = this.transformFeedbackCache[ key ];

		if ( transformFeedbackGPU !== undefined ) {

			return transformFeedbackGPU;

		}

		const { gl } = this;

		transformFeedbackGPU = gl.createTransformFeedback();

		gl.bindTransformFeedback( gl.TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK, transformFeedbackGPU );

		for ( let i = 0; i < transformBuffers.length; i ++ ) {

			const attributeData = transformBuffers[ i ];

			gl.bindBufferBase( gl.TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK_BUFFER, i, attributeData.transformBuffer );

		}

		gl.bindTransformFeedback( gl.TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK, null );

		this.transformFeedbackCache[ key ] = transformFeedbackGPU;

		return transformFeedbackGPU;

	}

	/**
	 * Setups the given bindings.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 * @param {WebGLProgram} programGPU - The WebGL program.
	 */
	_setupBindings( bindings, programGPU ) {

		const gl = this.gl;

		let uniformBuffers = 0;
		let textures = 0;

		for ( const bindGroup of bindings ) {

			for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

				if ( binding.isUniformsGroup || binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

					const index = uniformBuffers ++;
					const location = gl.getUniformBlockIndex( programGPU, binding.name );
					gl.uniformBlockBinding( programGPU, location, index );

				} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) {

					const index = textures ++;
					const location = gl.getUniformLocation( programGPU, binding.name );
					gl.uniform1i( location, index );

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Binds the given uniforms.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 */
	_bindUniforms( bindings ) {

		const { gl, state } = this;

		let uniformBuffers = 0;
		let textures = 0;

		for ( const bindGroup of bindings ) {

			for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

				const bindingData = this.get( binding );

				if ( binding.isUniformsGroup || binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

					const index = uniformBuffers ++;
					// TODO USE bindBufferRange to group multiple uniform buffers
					state.bindBufferBase( gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, index, bindingData.bufferGPU );

				} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) {

					const index = textures ++;
					state.bindTexture( bindingData.glTextureType, bindingData.textureGPU, gl.TEXTURE0 + index );

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * The method ensures multisampled render targets are resolved.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	_resolveRenderTarget( renderContext ) {

		const { gl, state } = this;

		const renderTarget = renderContext.renderTarget;

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null && renderTarget ) {

			const renderTargetContextData = this.get( renderTarget );

			if ( renderTarget.samples > 0 && this._useMultisampledExtension( renderTarget ) === false ) {

				const fb = renderTargetContextData.framebuffers[ renderContext.getCacheKey() ];

				let mask = renderTarget.resolveColorBuffer === false ? 0 : gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT;

				if ( renderTarget.resolveDepthBuffer ) {

					if ( renderTarget.depthBuffer ) mask |= gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT;
					if ( renderTarget.stencilBuffer && renderTarget.resolveStencilBuffer ) mask |= gl.STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT;

				}

				const msaaFrameBuffer = renderTargetContextData.msaaFrameBuffer;
				const msaaRenderbuffers = renderTargetContextData.msaaRenderbuffers;

				const textures = renderContext.textures;
				const isMRT = textures.length > 1;

				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, msaaFrameBuffer );
				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, fb );

				if ( isMRT ) {

					// blitFramebuffer() can only copy/resolve the first color attachment of a framebuffer. When using MRT,
					// the engine temporarily removes all attachments and then configures each attachment for the resolve.

					for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

						gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i, gl.RENDERBUFFER, null );
						gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i, gl.TEXTURE_2D, null, 0 );

					}

				}

				for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

					if ( isMRT ) {

						// configure attachment for resolve

						const { textureGPU } = this.get( textures[ i ] );

						gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.RENDERBUFFER, msaaRenderbuffers[ i ] );
						gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureGPU, 0 );

					}

					if ( renderContext.scissor ) {

						const { x, y, width, height } = renderContext.scissorValue;

						const viewY = renderContext.height - height - y;

						gl.blitFramebuffer( x, viewY, x + width, viewY + height, x, viewY, x + width, viewY + height, mask, gl.NEAREST );

					} else {

						gl.blitFramebuffer( 0, 0, renderContext.width, renderContext.height, 0, 0, renderContext.width, renderContext.height, mask, gl.NEAREST );

					}

				}

				if ( isMRT ) {

					// restore attachments

					for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

						const { textureGPU } = this.get( textures[ i ] );

						gl.framebufferRenderbuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i, gl.RENDERBUFFER, msaaRenderbuffers[ i ] );
						gl.framebufferTexture2D( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i, gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureGPU, 0 );

					}

				}

				if ( this._supportsInvalidateFramebuffer === true ) {

					if ( renderTarget.storeMultisampledColorBuffer === false ) {

						for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

							_invalidationArray.push( gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i );

						}

					}

					if ( renderTarget.depthBuffer && renderTarget.storeMultisampledDepthBuffer === false ) {

						_invalidationArray.push( renderTarget.stencilBuffer ? gl.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT );

					}

					if ( _invalidationArray.length > 0 ) {

						gl.invalidateFramebuffer( gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, _invalidationArray );

						_invalidationArray.length = 0;

					}

				}

			} else if ( renderTarget.storeMultisampledDepthBuffer === false && renderTargetContextData.framebuffers ) {

				const fb = renderTargetContextData.framebuffers[ renderContext.getCacheKey() ];
				state.bindFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, fb );
				gl.invalidateFramebuffer( gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, renderTargetContextData.depthInvalidationArray );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the `WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture` extension
	 * should be used when MSAA is enabled.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target that should be multisampled.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether to use the `WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture` extension for MSAA or not.
	 */
	_useMultisampledExtension( renderTarget ) {

		if ( renderTarget.multiview === true ) {

			return true;

		}

		return renderTarget.samples > 0 && this.extensions.has( 'WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture' ) === true && renderTarget._autoAllocateDepthBuffer !== false;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		if ( this.textureUtils !== null ) this.textureUtils.dispose();

		const extension = this.extensions.get( 'WEBGL_lose_context' );
		if ( extension ) extension.loseContext();

		this.renderer.domElement.removeEventListener( 'webglcontextlost', this._onContextLost );

	}

}

const GPUPrimitiveTopology = {
	PointList: 'point-list',
	LineList: 'line-list',
	LineStrip: 'line-strip',
	TriangleList: 'triangle-list'};

const GPUShaderStage = ( typeof self !== 'undefined' && self.GPUShaderStage ) ? self.GPUShaderStage : { VERTEX: 1, FRAGMENT: 2, COMPUTE: 4 };

const GPUCompareFunction = {
	Never: 'never',
	Less: 'less',
	Equal: 'equal',
	LessEqual: 'less-equal',
	Greater: 'greater',
	NotEqual: 'not-equal',
	GreaterEqual: 'greater-equal',
	Always: 'always'
};

const GPUStoreOp = {
	Store: 'store',
	Discard: 'discard'
};

const GPULoadOp = {
	Load: 'load',
	Clear: 'clear'
};

const GPUFrontFace = {
	CCW: 'ccw',
	CW: 'cw'
};

const GPUCullMode = {
	None: 'none',
	Back: 'back'
};

const GPUIndexFormat = {
	Uint16: 'uint16',
	Uint32: 'uint32'
};

const GPUTextureFormat = {

	// 8-bit formats

	R8Unorm: 'r8unorm',
	R8Snorm: 'r8snorm',
	R8Uint: 'r8uint',
	R8Sint: 'r8sint',

	// 16-bit formats

	R16Uint: 'r16uint',
	R16Sint: 'r16sint',
	R16Float: 'r16float',
	RG8Unorm: 'rg8unorm',
	RG8Snorm: 'rg8snorm',
	RG8Uint: 'rg8uint',
	RG8Sint: 'rg8sint',
	R16Unorm: 'r16unorm',
	R16Snorm: 'r16snorm',

	// 32-bit formats

	R32Uint: 'r32uint',
	R32Sint: 'r32sint',
	R32Float: 'r32float',
	RG16Uint: 'rg16uint',
	RG16Sint: 'rg16sint',
	RG16Float: 'rg16float',
	RGBA8Unorm: 'rgba8unorm',
	RGBA8UnormSRGB: 'rgba8unorm-srgb',
	RGBA8Snorm: 'rgba8snorm',
	RGBA8Uint: 'rgba8uint',
	RGBA8Sint: 'rgba8sint',
	BGRA8Unorm: 'bgra8unorm',
	BGRA8UnormSRGB: 'bgra8unorm-srgb',
	RG16Unorm: 'rg16unorm',
	RG16Snorm: 'rg16snorm',

	// Packed 32-bit formats

	RGB9E5UFloat: 'rgb9e5ufloat',
	RGB10A2Unorm: 'rgb10a2unorm',
	RG11B10UFloat: 'rg11b10ufloat',

	// 64-bit formats

	RG32Uint: 'rg32uint',
	RG32Sint: 'rg32sint',
	RG32Float: 'rg32float',
	RGBA16Uint: 'rgba16uint',
	RGBA16Sint: 'rgba16sint',
	RGBA16Float: 'rgba16float',
	RGBA16Unorm: 'rgba16unorm',
	RGBA16Snorm: 'rgba16snorm',

	// 128-bit formats

	RGBA32Uint: 'rgba32uint',
	RGBA32Sint: 'rgba32sint',
	RGBA32Float: 'rgba32float',

	Depth16Unorm: 'depth16unorm',
	Depth24Plus: 'depth24plus',
	Depth24PlusStencil8: 'depth24plus-stencil8',
	Depth32Float: 'depth32float',

	// 'depth32float-stencil8' extension

	Depth32FloatStencil8: 'depth32float-stencil8',

	// BC compressed formats usable if 'texture-compression-bc' is both
	// supported by the device/user agent and enabled in requestDevice.

	BC1RGBAUnorm: 'bc1-rgba-unorm',
	BC1RGBAUnormSRGB: 'bc1-rgba-unorm-srgb',
	BC2RGBAUnorm: 'bc2-rgba-unorm',
	BC2RGBAUnormSRGB: 'bc2-rgba-unorm-srgb',
	BC3RGBAUnorm: 'bc3-rgba-unorm',
	BC3RGBAUnormSRGB: 'bc3-rgba-unorm-srgb',
	BC4RUnorm: 'bc4-r-unorm',
	BC4RSnorm: 'bc4-r-snorm',
	BC5RGUnorm: 'bc5-rg-unorm',
	BC5RGSnorm: 'bc5-rg-snorm',
	BC6HRGBUFloat: 'bc6h-rgb-ufloat',
	BC6HRGBFloat: 'bc6h-rgb-float',
	BC7RGBAUnorm: 'bc7-rgba-unorm',
	BC7RGBAUnormSRGB: 'bc7-rgba-unorm-srgb',

	// ETC2 compressed formats usable if 'texture-compression-etc2' is both
	// supported by the device/user agent and enabled in requestDevice.

	ETC2RGB8Unorm: 'etc2-rgb8unorm',
	ETC2RGB8UnormSRGB: 'etc2-rgb8unorm-srgb',
	ETC2RGB8A1Unorm: 'etc2-rgb8a1unorm',
	ETC2RGB8A1UnormSRGB: 'etc2-rgb8a1unorm-srgb',
	ETC2RGBA8Unorm: 'etc2-rgba8unorm',
	ETC2RGBA8UnormSRGB: 'etc2-rgba8unorm-srgb',
	EACR11Unorm: 'eac-r11unorm',
	EACR11Snorm: 'eac-r11snorm',
	EACRG11Unorm: 'eac-rg11unorm',
	EACRG11Snorm: 'eac-rg11snorm',

	// ASTC compressed formats usable if 'texture-compression-astc' is both
	// supported by the device/user agent and enabled in requestDevice.

	ASTC4x4Unorm: 'astc-4x4-unorm',
	ASTC4x4UnormSRGB: 'astc-4x4-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC5x4Unorm: 'astc-5x4-unorm',
	ASTC5x4UnormSRGB: 'astc-5x4-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC5x5Unorm: 'astc-5x5-unorm',
	ASTC5x5UnormSRGB: 'astc-5x5-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC6x5Unorm: 'astc-6x5-unorm',
	ASTC6x5UnormSRGB: 'astc-6x5-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC6x6Unorm: 'astc-6x6-unorm',
	ASTC6x6UnormSRGB: 'astc-6x6-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC8x5Unorm: 'astc-8x5-unorm',
	ASTC8x5UnormSRGB: 'astc-8x5-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC8x6Unorm: 'astc-8x6-unorm',
	ASTC8x6UnormSRGB: 'astc-8x6-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC8x8Unorm: 'astc-8x8-unorm',
	ASTC8x8UnormSRGB: 'astc-8x8-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC10x5Unorm: 'astc-10x5-unorm',
	ASTC10x5UnormSRGB: 'astc-10x5-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC10x6Unorm: 'astc-10x6-unorm',
	ASTC10x6UnormSRGB: 'astc-10x6-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC10x8Unorm: 'astc-10x8-unorm',
	ASTC10x8UnormSRGB: 'astc-10x8-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC10x10Unorm: 'astc-10x10-unorm',
	ASTC10x10UnormSRGB: 'astc-10x10-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC12x10Unorm: 'astc-12x10-unorm',
	ASTC12x10UnormSRGB: 'astc-12x10-unorm-srgb',
	ASTC12x12Unorm: 'astc-12x12-unorm',
	ASTC12x12UnormSRGB: 'astc-12x12-unorm-srgb',

};

const GPUAddressMode = {
	ClampToEdge: 'clamp-to-edge',
	Repeat: 'repeat',
	MirrorRepeat: 'mirror-repeat'
};

const GPUFilterMode = {
	Linear: 'linear',
	Nearest: 'nearest'
};

const GPUBlendFactor = {
	Zero: 'zero',
	One: 'one',
	Src: 'src',
	OneMinusSrc: 'one-minus-src',
	SrcAlpha: 'src-alpha',
	OneMinusSrcAlpha: 'one-minus-src-alpha',
	Dst: 'dst',
	OneMinusDst: 'one-minus-dst',
	DstAlpha: 'dst-alpha',
	OneMinusDstAlpha: 'one-minus-dst-alpha',
	SrcAlphaSaturated: 'src-alpha-saturated',
	Constant: 'constant',
	OneMinusConstant: 'one-minus-constant'
};

const GPUBlendOperation = {
	Add: 'add',
	Subtract: 'subtract',
	ReverseSubtract: 'reverse-subtract',
	Min: 'min',
	Max: 'max'
};

const GPUColorWriteFlags = {
	None: 0,
	All: 0xF
};

const GPUStencilOperation = {
	Keep: 'keep',
	Zero: 'zero',
	Replace: 'replace',
	Invert: 'invert',
	IncrementClamp: 'increment-clamp',
	DecrementClamp: 'decrement-clamp',
	IncrementWrap: 'increment-wrap',
	DecrementWrap: 'decrement-wrap'
};

const GPUBufferBindingType = {
	Storage: 'storage',
	ReadOnlyStorage: 'read-only-storage'
};

const GPUStorageTextureAccess = {
	WriteOnly: 'write-only',
	ReadOnly: 'read-only',
	ReadWrite: 'read-write',
};

const GPUSamplerBindingType = {
	NonFiltering: 'non-filtering',
	Comparison: 'comparison'
};

const GPUTextureSampleType = {
	Float: 'float',
	UnfilterableFloat: 'unfilterable-float',
	Depth: 'depth',
	SInt: 'sint',
	UInt: 'uint'
};

const GPUTextureDimension = {
	TwoD: '2d',
	ThreeD: '3d'
};

const GPUTextureViewDimension = {
	TwoD: '2d',
	TwoDArray: '2d-array',
	Cube: 'cube',
	ThreeD: '3d'
};

const GPUTextureAspect = {
	All: 'all'};

const GPUInputStepMode = {
	Vertex: 'vertex',
	Instance: 'instance'
};

const GPUFeatureName = {
	CoreFeaturesAndLimits: 'core-features-and-limits',
	DepthClipControl: 'depth-clip-control',
	Depth32FloatStencil8: 'depth32float-stencil8',
	TextureCompressionBC: 'texture-compression-bc',
	TextureCompressionBCSliced3D: 'texture-compression-bc-sliced-3d',
	TextureCompressionETC2: 'texture-compression-etc2',
	TextureCompressionASTC: 'texture-compression-astc',
	TextureCompressionASTCSliced3D: 'texture-compression-astc-sliced-3d',
	TimestampQuery: 'timestamp-query',
	IndirectFirstInstance: 'indirect-first-instance',
	ShaderF16: 'shader-f16',
	RG11B10UFloat: 'rg11b10ufloat-renderable',
	BGRA8UNormStorage: 'bgra8unorm-storage',
	Float32Filterable: 'float32-filterable',
	Float32Blendable: 'float32-blendable',
	ClipDistances: 'clip-distances',
	DualSourceBlending: 'dual-source-blending',
	Subgroups: 'subgroups',
	TextureFormatsTier1: 'texture-formats-tier1',
	TextureFormatsTier2: 'texture-formats-tier2'
};

const GPUFeatureMap = {
	'texture-compression-s3tc': 'texture-compression-bc',
	'texture-compression-etc1': 'texture-compression-etc2'
};

/**
 * A special form of sampler binding type.
 * It's texture value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Sampler
 */
class NodeSampler extends Sampler {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based sampler.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The samplers's name.
	 * @param {TextureNode} textureNode - The texture node.
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} groupNode - The uniform group node.
	 */
	constructor( name, textureNode, groupNode ) {

		super( name, textureNode ? textureNode.value : null );

		/**
		 * The texture node.
		 *
		 * @type {TextureNode}
		 */
		this.textureNode = textureNode;

		/**
		 * The uniform group node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 */
		this.groupNode = groupNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the texture value of this sampler.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the sampler needs an update or not.
	 */
	update() {

		const { textureNode } = this;

		if ( this.texture !== textureNode.value ) {

			this.texture = textureNode.value;

			return true;

		}

		return super.update();

	}

}

/**
 * Represents a storage buffer binding type.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Buffer
 */
class StorageBuffer extends Buffer {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The buffer's name.
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	constructor( name, attribute ) {

		super( name, attribute ? attribute.array : null );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {BufferAttribute}
		 */
		this._attribute = attribute;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageBuffer = true;

	}

	/**
	 * The storage buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @type {BufferAttribute}
	 */
	get attribute() {

		return this._attribute;

	}

}

let _id = 0;

/**
 * A special form of storage buffer binding type.
 * It's buffer value is managed by a node object.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments StorageBuffer
 */
class NodeStorageBuffer extends StorageBuffer {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node-based storage buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageBufferNode} nodeUniform - The storage buffer node.
	 * @param {UniformGroupNode} groupNode - The uniform group node.
	 */
	constructor( nodeUniform, groupNode ) {

		super( 'StorageBuffer_' + _id ++, nodeUniform ? nodeUniform.value : null );

		/**
		 * The node uniform.
		 *
		 * @type {StorageBufferNode}
		 */
		this.nodeUniform = nodeUniform;

		/**
		 * The access type.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.access = nodeUniform ? nodeUniform.access : NodeAccess.READ_WRITE;

		/**
		 * The uniform group node.
		 *
		 * @type {UniformGroupNode}
		 */
		this.groupNode = groupNode;

	}

	/**
	 * The storage buffer attribute node.
	 *
	 * @type {StorageBufferAttribute}
	 */
	get attribute() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value;

	}

	/**
	 * The storage buffer.
	 *
	 * @type {Float32Array}
	 */
	get buffer() {

		return this.nodeUniform.value.array;

	}

}

const _commandList = [ null ];

/**
 * A WebGPU backend utility module with common helpers.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGPUUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPUBackend} backend - The WebGPU backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGPU backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * Caches the preferred canvas format.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._preferredCanvasFormat = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the depth/stencil GPU format for the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {string} The depth/stencil GPU texture format.
	 */
	getCurrentDepthStencilFormat( renderContext ) {

		let format;

		if ( renderContext.depth ) {

			if ( renderContext.depthTexture !== null ) {

				format = this.getTextureFormatGPU( renderContext.depthTexture );

			} else if ( renderContext.stencil ) {

				if ( this.backend.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true ) {

					format = GPUTextureFormat.Depth32FloatStencil8;

				} else {

					format = GPUTextureFormat.Depth24PlusStencil8;

				}

			} else {

				if ( this.backend.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true ) {

					format = GPUTextureFormat.Depth32Float;

				} else {

					format = GPUTextureFormat.Depth24Plus;

				}

			}

		}

		return format;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU format for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {string} The GPU texture format.
	 */
	getTextureFormatGPU( texture ) {

		return this.backend.get( texture ).format;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns an object that defines the multi-sampling state of the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {Object} The multi-sampling state.
	 */
	getTextureSampleData( texture ) {

		let samples;

		if ( texture.isFramebufferTexture ) {

			samples = 1;

		} else if ( texture.isDepthTexture && ! texture.renderTarget ) {

			const renderer = this.backend.renderer;
			const renderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();

			samples = renderTarget ? renderTarget.samples : renderer.currentSamples;

		} else if ( texture.renderTarget ) {

			samples = texture.renderTarget.samples;

		}

		samples = this.getSampleCount( samples || 1 );

		const isMSAA = samples > 1 && texture.renderTarget !== null && ( texture.isDepthTexture !== true && texture.isFramebufferTexture !== true );
		const primarySamples = isMSAA ? 1 : samples;

		return { samples, primarySamples, isMSAA };

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the default color attachment's GPU format of the current render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {string} The GPU texture format of the default color attachment.
	 */
	getCurrentColorFormat( renderContext ) {

		let format;

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null ) {

			format = this.getTextureFormatGPU( renderContext.textures[ 0 ] );

		} else {

			format = this.getPreferredCanvasFormat(); // default context format

		}

		return format;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU formats of all color attachments of the current render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {Array<string>} The GPU texture formats of all color attachments.
	 */
	getCurrentColorFormats( renderContext ) {

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null ) {

			return renderContext.textures.map( t => this.getTextureFormatGPU( t ) );

		} else {

			return [ this.getPreferredCanvasFormat() ]; // default context format

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the output color space of the current render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {string} The output color space.
	 */
	getCurrentColorSpace( renderContext ) {

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null ) {

			return renderContext.textures[ 0 ].colorSpace;

		}

		return this.backend.renderer.outputColorSpace;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns GPU primitive topology for the given object and material.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Material} material - The material.
	 * @return {string} The GPU primitive topology.
	 */
	getPrimitiveTopology( object, material ) {

		if ( object.isPoints ) return GPUPrimitiveTopology.PointList;
		else if ( object.isLineSegments || ( object.isMesh && material.wireframe === true ) ) return GPUPrimitiveTopology.LineList;
		else if ( object.isLine ) return GPUPrimitiveTopology.LineStrip;
		else if ( object.isMesh ) return GPUPrimitiveTopology.TriangleList;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a modified sample count from the given sample count value.
	 *
	 * That is required since WebGPU only supports either 1 or 4.
	 *
	 * @param {number} sampleCount - The input sample count.
	 * @return {number} The (potentially updated) output sample count.
	 */
	getSampleCount( sampleCount ) {

		return sampleCount >= 4 ? 4 : 1;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the sample count of the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {number} The sample count.
	 */
	getSampleCountRenderContext( renderContext ) {

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null ) {

			return this.getSampleCount( renderContext.sampleCount );

		}

		return this.getSampleCount( this.backend.renderer.currentSamples );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the preferred canvas format.
	 *
	 * There is a separate method for this so it's possible to
	 * honor edge cases for specific devices.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The GPU texture format of the canvas.
	 */
	getPreferredCanvasFormat() {

		const parameters = this.backend.parameters;

		const bufferType = parameters.outputType;

		if ( bufferType === undefined ) {

			if ( this._preferredCanvasFormat === null ) {

				this._preferredCanvasFormat = navigator.gpu.getPreferredCanvasFormat();

			}

			return this._preferredCanvasFormat;

		} else if ( bufferType === UnsignedByteType ) {

			return GPUTextureFormat.BGRA8Unorm;

		} else if ( bufferType === HalfFloatType ) {

			return GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Float;

		} else {

			throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGPUUtils: Unsupported output buffer type.' );

		}

	}

}

/**
 * Submits a single GPU command to the device queue using a shared, module-scoped
 * array to avoid per-call array allocations.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {GPUDevice} device - The GPU device.
 * @param {GPUCommandBuffer} command - The command buffer to submit.
 */
function submit( device, command ) {

	_commandList[ 0 ] = command;

	device.queue.submit( _commandList );

	_commandList[ 0 ] = null;

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createBindGroup()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUBindGroupDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the bind group.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The bind group layout the bind group conforms to.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUBindGroupLayout}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.layout = null;

		/**
		 * The bind group entries.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.entries = [];

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state. The internal `entries` array
	 * is emptied without releasing its backing storage.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.layout = null;
		this.entries.length = 0;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createBuffer()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUBufferDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The size of the buffer in bytes.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.size = 0;

		/**
		 * The allowed usages for the buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.usage = 0;

		/**
		 * Whether the buffer is in the mapped state at creation.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.mappedAtCreation = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.size = 0;
		this.usage = 0;
		this.mappedAtCreation = false;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createCommandEncoder()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUCommandEncoderDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the command encoder.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createRenderBundleEncoder()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPURenderBundleEncoderDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the render bundle encoder.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The formats of the color attachments the bundle is compatible with.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<?string>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.colorFormats = null;

		/**
		 * The format of the depth/stencil attachment the bundle is compatible with.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.depthStencilFormat = undefined;

		/**
		 * The number of samples per pixel the bundle is compatible with.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.sampleCount = 1;

		/**
		 * Whether the depth attachment is read-only.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.depthReadOnly = false;

		/**
		 * Whether the stencil attachment is read-only.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.stencilReadOnly = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.colorFormats = null;
		this.depthStencilFormat = undefined;
		this.sampleCount = 1;
		this.depthReadOnly = false;
		this.stencilReadOnly = false;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPURenderPassColorAttachment`, the type of each
 * entry in `GPURenderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPURenderPassColorAttachment {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The texture view the pass renders into.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUTextureView}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.view = null;

		/**
		 * The depth slice the pass renders into.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.depthSlice = undefined;

		/**
		 * The texture view that receives the resolved output of multisampled rendering.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUTextureView|undefined}
		 */
		this.resolveTarget = undefined;

		/**
		 * The clear value used when `loadOp` is `'clear'`.
		 *
		 * @type {Object|undefined}
		 */
		this.clearValue = undefined;

		/**
		 * The load operation performed at the start of the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.loadOp = undefined;

		/**
		 * The store operation performed at the end of the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.storeOp = undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.view = null;
		this.depthSlice = undefined;
		this.resolveTarget = undefined;
		this.clearValue = undefined;
		this.loadOp = undefined;
		this.storeOp = undefined;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUCommandEncoder.beginRenderPass()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPURenderPassDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the render pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The color attachments of the render pass.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<?Object>}
		 */
		this.colorAttachments = [];

		/**
		 * The depth-stencil attachment of the render pass.
		 *
		 * @type {Object|undefined}
		 */
		this.depthStencilAttachment = undefined;

		/**
		 * The query set used for occlusion queries during the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUQuerySet|undefined}
		 */
		this.occlusionQuerySet = undefined;

		/**
		 * Defines which timestamp values are written and where.
		 *
		 * @type {Object|undefined}
		 */
		this.timestampWrites = undefined;

		/**
		 * The maximum number of draw calls that can be issued during the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 50000000
		 */
		this.maxDrawCount = 50000000;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state. The internal `colorAttachments`
	 * array is emptied without releasing its backing storage.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.colorAttachments.length = 0;
		this.depthStencilAttachment = undefined;
		this.occlusionQuerySet = undefined;
		this.timestampWrites = undefined;
		this.maxDrawCount = 50000000;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createRenderPipeline()` and
 * `createRenderPipelineAsync()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPURenderPipelineDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the render pipeline.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The pipeline layout the pipeline conforms to, or `'auto'`.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUPipelineLayout|string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.layout = null;

		/**
		 * The programmable vertex stage.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.vertex = null;

		/**
		 * The primitive-assembly state.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this.primitive = {};

		/**
		 * The depth/stencil state, omitted when the pipeline has no depth or stencil aspect.
		 *
		 * @type {Object|undefined}
		 */
		this.depthStencil = undefined;

		/**
		 * The multisample state.
		 *
		 * @type {GPUMultisampleState}
		 */
		this.multisample = new GPUMultisampleState();

		/**
		 * The programmable fragment stage. Omitted for vertex-only pipelines.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.fragment = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.layout = null;
		this.vertex = null;
		this.primitive = {};
		this.depthStencil = undefined;
		this.multisample.reset();
		this.fragment = null;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable nested state for `GPURenderPipelineDescriptor.multisample`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUMultisampleState {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The number of samples per pixel.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.count = 1;

		/**
		 * A bitmask determining which samples are written to.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0xFFFFFFFF
		 */
		this.mask = 0xFFFFFFFF;

		/**
		 * Whether a fragment's alpha channel is used to generate a sample coverage mask.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.alphaToCoverageEnabled = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the state to its default values.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.count = 1;
		this.mask = 0xFFFFFFFF;
		this.alphaToCoverageEnabled = false;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createShaderModule()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUShaderModuleDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the shader module.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The WGSL source code of the shader module.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.code = '';

		/**
		 * Compilation hints that may help the implementation produce optimized code.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Object>}
		 */
		this.compilationHints = [];

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.code = '';
		this.compilationHints.length = 0;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createTexture()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUTextureDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The size of the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {{width: number, height: number, depthOrArrayLayers: number}}
		 */
		this.size = { width: 0, height: 1, depthOrArrayLayers: 1 };

		/**
		 * The number of mip levels the texture will contain.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.mipLevelCount = 1;

		/**
		 * The sample count of the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.sampleCount = 1;

		/**
		 * The dimension of the set of texel coordinates.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default '2d'
		 */
		this.dimension = '2d';

		/**
		 * The format of the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.format = undefined;

		/**
		 * The allowed usages for the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.usage = undefined;

		/**
		 * The formats that views of this texture may use.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<string>}
		 */
		this.viewFormats = [];

		/**
		 * The view dimension to use when binding the texture (compatibility mode).
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.textureBindingViewDimension = undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.size.width = 0;
		this.size.height = 1;
		this.size.depthOrArrayLayers = 1;
		this.mipLevelCount = 1;
		this.sampleCount = 1;
		this.dimension = '2d';
		this.format = undefined;
		this.usage = undefined;
		this.viewFormats.length = 0;
		this.textureBindingViewDimension = undefined;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUTexture.createView()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUTextureViewDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The format of the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.format = undefined;

		/**
		 * The dimension of the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.dimension = undefined;

		/**
		 * The allowed usages for the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.usage = 0;

		/**
		 * Which aspect of the texture is referenced.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'all'
		 */
		this.aspect = 'all';

		/**
		 * The first mip level accessible to the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.baseMipLevel = 0;

		/**
		 * The number of mip levels accessible to the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.mipLevelCount = undefined;

		/**
		 * The first array layer accessible to the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.baseArrayLayer = 0;

		/**
		 * The number of array layers accessible to the texture view.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.arrayLayerCount = undefined;

		/**
		 * The component swizzle to apply when sampling the texture view.
		 * Requires the `'texture-component-swizzle'` feature; ignored otherwise.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'rgba'
		 */
		this.swizzle = 'rgba';

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.format = undefined;
		this.dimension = undefined;
		this.usage = 0;
		this.aspect = 'all';
		this.baseMipLevel = 0;
		this.mipLevelCount = undefined;
		this.baseArrayLayer = 0;
		this.arrayLayerCount = undefined;
		this.swizzle = 'rgba';

	}

}

const _bindGroupDescriptor$1 = new GPUBindGroupDescriptor();
const _bufferDescriptor$5 = new GPUBufferDescriptor();
const _commandEncoderDescriptor$4 = new GPUCommandEncoderDescriptor();
const _renderBundleEncoderDescriptor$1 = new GPURenderBundleEncoderDescriptor();
const _renderPassDescriptor = new GPURenderPassDescriptor();
const _renderPipelineDescriptor$1 = new GPURenderPipelineDescriptor();
const _colorAttachment = new GPURenderPassColorAttachment();
const _shaderModuleDescriptor$1 = new GPUShaderModuleDescriptor();
const _textureDescriptor$1 = new GPUTextureDescriptor();
const _viewDescriptor$2 = new GPUTextureViewDescriptor();

/**
 * A WebGPU backend utility module used by {@link WebGPUTextureUtils}.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGPUTexturePassUtils extends DataMap {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {GPUDevice} device - The WebGPU device.
	 */
	constructor( device ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The WebGPU device.
		 *
		 * @type {GPUDevice}
		 */
		this.device = device;

		const mipmapSource = `
struct VarysStruct {
	@builtin( position ) Position: vec4f,
	@location( 0 ) vTex : vec2f,
	@location( 1 ) @interpolate(flat, either) vBaseArrayLayer: u32,
};

@group( 0 ) @binding ( 2 )
var<uniform> flipY: u32;

@vertex
fn mainVS(
		@builtin( vertex_index ) vertexIndex : u32,
		@builtin( instance_index ) instanceIndex : u32 ) -> VarysStruct {

	var Varys : VarysStruct;

	var pos = array(
		vec2f( -1, -1 ),
		vec2f( -1,  3 ),
		vec2f(  3, -1 ),
	);

	let p = pos[ vertexIndex ];
	let mult = select( vec2f( 0.5, -0.5 ), vec2f( 0.5, 0.5 ), flipY != 0 );
	Varys.vTex = p * mult + vec2f( 0.5 );
	Varys.Position = vec4f( p, 0, 1 );
	Varys.vBaseArrayLayer = instanceIndex;

	return Varys;

}

@group( 0 ) @binding( 0 )
var imgSampler : sampler;

@group( 0 ) @binding( 1 )
var img2d : texture_2d<f32>;

@fragment
fn main_2d( Varys: VarysStruct ) -> @location( 0 ) vec4<f32> {

	return textureSample( img2d, imgSampler, Varys.vTex );

}

@group( 0 ) @binding( 1 )
var img2dArray : texture_2d_array<f32>;

@fragment
fn main_2d_array( Varys: VarysStruct ) -> @location( 0 ) vec4<f32> {

	return textureSample( img2dArray, imgSampler, Varys.vTex, Varys.vBaseArrayLayer );

}

const faceMat = array(
  mat3x3f(  0,  0,  -2,  0, -2,   0,  1,  1,   1 ),   // pos-x
  mat3x3f(  0,  0,   2,  0, -2,   0, -1,  1,  -1 ),   // neg-x
  mat3x3f(  2,  0,   0,  0,  0,   2, -1,  1,  -1 ),   // pos-y
  mat3x3f(  2,  0,   0,  0,  0,  -2, -1, -1,   1 ),   // neg-y
  mat3x3f(  2,  0,   0,  0, -2,   0, -1,  1,   1 ),   // pos-z
  mat3x3f( -2,  0,   0,  0, -2,   0,  1,  1,  -1 ),   // neg-z
);

@group( 0 ) @binding( 1 )
var imgCube : texture_cube<f32>;

@fragment
fn main_cube( Varys: VarysStruct ) -> @location( 0 ) vec4<f32> {

	return textureSample( imgCube, imgSampler, faceMat[ Varys.vBaseArrayLayer ] * vec3f( fract( Varys.vTex ), 1 ) );

}
`;

		/**
		 * The mipmap GPU sampler.
		 *
		 * @type {GPUSampler}
		 */
		this.mipmapSampler = device.createSampler( { minFilter: GPUFilterMode.Linear } );

		/**
		 * The flipY GPU sampler.
		 *
		 * @type {GPUSampler}
		 */
		this.flipYSampler = device.createSampler( { minFilter: GPUFilterMode.Nearest } ); //@TODO?: Consider using textureLoad()

		/**
		 * flip uniform buffer
		 * @type {GPUBuffer}
		 */
		_bufferDescriptor$5.size = 4;
		_bufferDescriptor$5.usage = GPUBufferUsage.UNIFORM | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST;

		this.flipUniformBuffer = device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$5 );

		_bufferDescriptor$5.reset();

		device.queue.writeBuffer( this.flipUniformBuffer, 0, new Uint32Array( [ 1 ] ) );

		/**
		 * no flip uniform buffer
		 * @type {GPUBuffer}
		 */
		_bufferDescriptor$5.size = 4;
		_bufferDescriptor$5.usage = GPUBufferUsage.UNIFORM;

		this.noFlipUniformBuffer = device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$5 );

		_bufferDescriptor$5.reset();

		/**
		 * A cache for GPU render pipelines used for copy/transfer passes.
		 * Every texture format and textureBindingViewDimension combo requires a unique pipeline.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,GPURenderPipeline>}
		 */
		this.transferPipelines = {};

		/**
		 * The mipmap shader module.
		 *
		 * @type {GPUShaderModule}
		 */
		_shaderModuleDescriptor$1.label = 'mipmap';
		_shaderModuleDescriptor$1.code = mipmapSource;

		this.mipmapShaderModule = device.createShaderModule( _shaderModuleDescriptor$1 );

		_shaderModuleDescriptor$1.reset();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a render pipeline for the internal copy render pass. The pass
	 * requires a unique render pipeline for each texture format.
	 *
	 * @param {string} format - The GPU texture format
	 * @param {string?} textureBindingViewDimension - The GPU texture binding view dimension
	 * @return {GPURenderPipeline} The GPU render pipeline.
	 */
	getTransferPipeline( format, textureBindingViewDimension ) {

		textureBindingViewDimension = textureBindingViewDimension || '2d-array';
		const key = `${ format }-${ textureBindingViewDimension }`;
		let pipeline = this.transferPipelines[ key ];

		if ( pipeline === undefined ) {

			_renderPipelineDescriptor$1.label = `mipmap-${ format }-${ textureBindingViewDimension }`;
			_renderPipelineDescriptor$1.vertex = { module: this.mipmapShaderModule };
			_renderPipelineDescriptor$1.fragment = {
				module: this.mipmapShaderModule,
				entryPoint: `main_${ textureBindingViewDimension.replace( '-', '_' ) }`,
				targets: [ { format } ]
			};
			_renderPipelineDescriptor$1.layout = 'auto';

			pipeline = this.device.createRenderPipeline( _renderPipelineDescriptor$1 );

			_renderPipelineDescriptor$1.reset();

			this.transferPipelines[ key ] = pipeline;

		}

		return pipeline;

	}

	/**
	 * Flip the contents of the given GPU texture along its vertical axis.
	 *
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture object.
	 * @param {Object} textureGPUDescriptor - The texture descriptor.
	 * @param {number} [baseArrayLayer=0] - The index of the first array layer accessible to the texture view.
	 */
	flipY( textureGPU, textureGPUDescriptor, baseArrayLayer = 0 ) {

		const format = textureGPUDescriptor.format;
		const { width, height } = textureGPUDescriptor.size;

		_textureDescriptor$1.size.width = width;
		_textureDescriptor$1.size.height = height;
		_textureDescriptor$1.format = format;
		_textureDescriptor$1.usage = GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT | GPUTextureUsage.TEXTURE_BINDING;

		const tempTexture = this.device.createTexture( _textureDescriptor$1 );

		_textureDescriptor$1.reset();

		const copyTransferPipeline = this.getTransferPipeline( format, textureGPU.textureBindingViewDimension );
		const flipTransferPipeline = this.getTransferPipeline( format, tempTexture.textureBindingViewDimension );

		const commandEncoder = this.device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor$4 );

		const pass = ( pipeline, sourceTexture, sourceArrayLayer, destinationTexture, destinationArrayLayer, flipY ) => {

			const bindGroupLayout = pipeline.getBindGroupLayout( 0 ); // @TODO: Consider making this static.

			_viewDescriptor$2.dimension = sourceTexture.textureBindingViewDimension || '2d-array';
			_viewDescriptor$2.mipLevelCount = 1;

			const sourceView = sourceTexture.createView( _viewDescriptor$2 );

			_viewDescriptor$2.reset();

			_bindGroupDescriptor$1.layout = bindGroupLayout;
			_bindGroupDescriptor$1.entries.push( {
				binding: 0,
				resource: this.flipYSampler
			}, {
				binding: 1,
				resource: sourceView,
			}, {
				binding: 2,
				resource: { buffer: flipY ? this.flipUniformBuffer : this.noFlipUniformBuffer }
			} );

			const bindGroup = this.device.createBindGroup( _bindGroupDescriptor$1 );

			_bindGroupDescriptor$1.reset();

			_viewDescriptor$2.dimension = '2d';
			_viewDescriptor$2.mipLevelCount = 1;
			_viewDescriptor$2.baseArrayLayer = destinationArrayLayer;
			_viewDescriptor$2.arrayLayerCount = 1;

			const destinationView = destinationTexture.createView( _viewDescriptor$2 );

			_viewDescriptor$2.reset();

			_colorAttachment.view = destinationView;
			_colorAttachment.loadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;
			_colorAttachment.storeOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			_renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments.push( _colorAttachment );

			const passEncoder = commandEncoder.beginRenderPass( _renderPassDescriptor );

			_renderPassDescriptor.reset();
			_colorAttachment.reset();

			passEncoder.setPipeline( pipeline );
			passEncoder.setBindGroup( 0, bindGroup );
			passEncoder.draw( 3, 1, 0, sourceArrayLayer );
			passEncoder.end();

		};

		pass( copyTransferPipeline, textureGPU, baseArrayLayer, tempTexture, 0, false );
		pass( flipTransferPipeline, tempTexture, 0, textureGPU, baseArrayLayer, true );

		submit( this.device, commandEncoder.finish() );

		tempTexture.destroy();

	}

	/**
	 * Generates mipmaps for the given GPU texture.
	 *
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture object.
	 * @param {?GPUCommandEncoder} [encoder=null] - An optional command encoder used to generate mipmaps.
	 */
	generateMipmaps( textureGPU, encoder = null ) {

		const textureData = this.get( textureGPU );

		const passes = textureData.layers || this._mipmapCreateBundles( textureGPU );

		let commandEncoder = encoder;

		if ( commandEncoder === null ) {

			_commandEncoderDescriptor$4.label = 'mipmapEncoder';
			commandEncoder = this.device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor$4 );
			_commandEncoderDescriptor$4.reset();

		}

		this._mipmapRunBundles( commandEncoder, passes );

		if ( encoder === null ) submit( this.device, commandEncoder.finish() );

		textureData.layers = passes;

	}

	/**
	 * Since multiple copy render passes are required to generate mipmaps, the passes
	 * are managed as render bundles to improve performance.
	 *
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture object.
	 * @return {Array<Object>} An array of render bundles.
	 */
	_mipmapCreateBundles( textureGPU ) {

		const textureBindingViewDimension = textureGPU.textureBindingViewDimension || '2d-array';
		const pipeline = this.getTransferPipeline( textureGPU.format, textureBindingViewDimension );

		const bindGroupLayout = pipeline.getBindGroupLayout( 0 ); // @TODO: Consider making this static.

		const passes = [];

		for ( let baseMipLevel = 1; baseMipLevel < textureGPU.mipLevelCount; baseMipLevel ++ ) {

			for ( let baseArrayLayer = 0; baseArrayLayer < textureGPU.depthOrArrayLayers; baseArrayLayer ++ ) {

				_viewDescriptor$2.dimension = textureBindingViewDimension;
				_viewDescriptor$2.baseMipLevel = baseMipLevel - 1;
				_viewDescriptor$2.mipLevelCount = 1;

				const sourceView = textureGPU.createView( _viewDescriptor$2 );

				_viewDescriptor$2.reset();

				_bindGroupDescriptor$1.layout = bindGroupLayout;
				_bindGroupDescriptor$1.entries.push( {
					binding: 0,
					resource: this.mipmapSampler
				}, {
					binding: 1,
					resource: sourceView,
				}, {
					binding: 2,
					resource: { buffer: this.noFlipUniformBuffer }
				} );

				const bindGroup = this.device.createBindGroup( _bindGroupDescriptor$1 );

				_bindGroupDescriptor$1.reset();

				_viewDescriptor$2.dimension = '2d';
				_viewDescriptor$2.baseMipLevel = baseMipLevel;
				_viewDescriptor$2.mipLevelCount = 1;
				_viewDescriptor$2.baseArrayLayer = baseArrayLayer;
				_viewDescriptor$2.arrayLayerCount = 1;

				const destinationView = textureGPU.createView( _viewDescriptor$2 );

				_viewDescriptor$2.reset();

				const passColorAttachment = new GPURenderPassColorAttachment();
				passColorAttachment.view = destinationView;
				passColorAttachment.loadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;
				passColorAttachment.storeOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

				const passDescriptor = new GPURenderPassDescriptor();
				passDescriptor.colorAttachments.push( passColorAttachment );

				_renderBundleEncoderDescriptor$1.colorFormats = [ textureGPU.format ];

				const passEncoder = this.device.createRenderBundleEncoder( _renderBundleEncoderDescriptor$1 );

				_renderBundleEncoderDescriptor$1.reset();

				passEncoder.setPipeline( pipeline );
				passEncoder.setBindGroup( 0, bindGroup );
				passEncoder.draw( 3, 1, 0, baseArrayLayer );

				passes.push( {
					renderBundles: [ passEncoder.finish() ],
					passDescriptor
				} );

			}

		}

		return passes;

	}

	/**
	 * Executes the render bundles.
	 *
	 * @param {GPUCommandEncoder} commandEncoder - The GPU command encoder.
	 * @param {Array<Object>} passes - An array of render bundles.
	 */
	_mipmapRunBundles( commandEncoder, passes ) {

		const levels = passes.length;

		for ( let i = 0; i < levels; i ++ ) {

			const pass = passes[ i ];

			const passEncoder = commandEncoder.beginRenderPass( pass.passDescriptor );

			passEncoder.executeBundles( pass.renderBundles );

			passEncoder.end();

		}

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createSampler()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUSamplerDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the sampler.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The address mode for the sampler's U coordinate.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'clamp-to-edge'
		 */
		this.addressModeU = 'clamp-to-edge';

		/**
		 * The address mode for the sampler's V coordinate.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'clamp-to-edge'
		 */
		this.addressModeV = 'clamp-to-edge';

		/**
		 * The address mode for the sampler's W coordinate.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'clamp-to-edge'
		 */
		this.addressModeW = 'clamp-to-edge';

		/**
		 * The magnification filter mode.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'nearest'
		 */
		this.magFilter = 'nearest';

		/**
		 * The minification filter mode.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'nearest'
		 */
		this.minFilter = 'nearest';

		/**
		 * The mipmap filter mode.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'nearest'
		 */
		this.mipmapFilter = 'nearest';

		/**
		 * The minimum level of detail used to sample.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.lodMinClamp = 0;

		/**
		 * The maximum level of detail used to sample.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 32
		 */
		this.lodMaxClamp = 32;

		/**
		 * The compare function used by the sampler.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.compare = undefined;

		/**
		 * The maximum allowed anisotropic filtering.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.maxAnisotropy = 1;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.addressModeU = 'clamp-to-edge';
		this.addressModeV = 'clamp-to-edge';
		this.addressModeW = 'clamp-to-edge';
		this.magFilter = 'nearest';
		this.minFilter = 'nearest';
		this.mipmapFilter = 'nearest';
		this.lodMinClamp = 0;
		this.lodMaxClamp = 32;
		this.compare = undefined;
		this.maxAnisotropy = 1;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUTexelCopyTextureInfo`, the texture side of
 * `GPUCommandEncoder.copyTextureToTexture()`, `copyTextureToBuffer()` and
 * `GPUQueue.writeTexture()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUTexelCopyTextureInfo {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The target texture.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUTexture}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.texture = null;

		/**
		 * The mipmap level of the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.mipLevel = 0;

		/**
		 * The origin offset within the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {{x: number, y: number, z: number}}
		 */
		this.origin = { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 };

		/**
		 * Which aspect of the texture is referenced.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'all'
		 */
		this.aspect = 'all';

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.texture = null;
		this.mipLevel = 0;
		this.origin.x = 0;
		this.origin.y = 0;
		this.origin.z = 0;
		this.aspect = 'all';

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUTexelCopyBufferInfo`, the buffer side of
 * `GPUCommandEncoder.copyTextureToBuffer()` and `copyBufferToTexture()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUTexelCopyBufferInfo {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The target buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUBuffer}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.buffer = null;

		/**
		 * The byte offset within the buffer where the texel data begins.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.offset = 0;

		/**
		 * The stride, in bytes, between rows of texel blocks.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.bytesPerRow = undefined;

		/**
		 * The number of texel block rows per single image of the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.rowsPerImage = undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.buffer = null;
		this.offset = 0;
		this.bytesPerRow = undefined;
		this.rowsPerImage = undefined;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUTexelCopyBufferLayout`, the data-layout argument
 * to `GPUQueue.writeTexture()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUTexelCopyBufferLayout {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The byte offset within the source data where the texel data begins.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.offset = 0;

		/**
		 * The stride, in bytes, between rows of texel blocks.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.bytesPerRow = undefined;

		/**
		 * The number of texel block rows per single image of the texture.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.rowsPerImage = undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.offset = 0;
		this.bytesPerRow = undefined;
		this.rowsPerImage = undefined;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUCopyExternalImageSourceInfo`, the source argument
 * to `GPUQueue.copyExternalImageToTexture()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUCopyExternalImageSourceInfo {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The image-like source.
		 *
		 * @type {?(ImageBitmap|ImageData|HTMLImageElement|HTMLVideoElement|VideoFrame|HTMLCanvasElement|OffscreenCanvas)}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.source = null;

		/**
		 * The origin offset within the source.
		 *
		 * @type {{x: number, y: number}}
		 */
		this.origin = { x: 0, y: 0 };

		/**
		 * Whether the source is flipped vertically before copying.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.flipY = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.source = null;
		this.origin.x = 0;
		this.origin.y = 0;
		this.flipY = false;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUCopyExternalImageDestInfo`, the destination
 * argument to `GPUQueue.copyExternalImageToTexture()`.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments GPUTexelCopyTextureInfo
 */
class GPUCopyExternalImageDestInfo extends GPUTexelCopyTextureInfo {

	constructor() {

		super();

		/**
		 * The predefined color space the destination texture is interpreted in.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @default 'srgb'
		 */
		this.colorSpace = 'srgb';

		/**
		 * Whether the destination texture has premultiplied alpha.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.premultipliedAlpha = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		super.reset();
		this.colorSpace = 'srgb';
		this.premultipliedAlpha = false;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUExtent3D` in its dictionary form, used by
 * `GPUQueue.writeTexture()`, `GPUQueue.copyExternalImageToTexture()` and
 * the various `GPUCommandEncoder` copy methods.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUExtent3D {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The width of the extent.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.width = 0;

		/**
		 * The height of the extent.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.height = 1;

		/**
		 * The depth (for 3D textures) or number of array layers.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 1
		 */
		this.depthOrArrayLayers = 1;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.width = 0;
		this.height = 1;
		this.depthOrArrayLayers = 1;

	}

}

const _bufferDescriptor$4 = new GPUBufferDescriptor();
const _commandEncoderDescriptor$3 = new GPUCommandEncoderDescriptor();
const _samplerDescriptor = new GPUSamplerDescriptor();
const _texelCopyTextureInfo = new GPUTexelCopyTextureInfo();
const _texelCopyBufferInfo = new GPUTexelCopyBufferInfo();
const _texelCopyBufferLayout = new GPUTexelCopyBufferLayout();
const _copyExternalImageSourceInfo = new GPUCopyExternalImageSourceInfo();
const _copyExternalImageDestInfo = new GPUCopyExternalImageDestInfo();
const _textureDescriptor = new GPUTextureDescriptor();
const _extent3D$1 = new GPUExtent3D();

const _compareToWebGPU = {
	[ NeverCompare ]: 'never',
	[ LessCompare ]: 'less',
	[ EqualCompare ]: 'equal',
	[ LessEqualCompare ]: 'less-equal',
	[ GreaterCompare ]: 'greater',
	[ GreaterEqualCompare ]: 'greater-equal',
	[ AlwaysCompare ]: 'always',
	[ NotEqualCompare ]: 'not-equal'
};

const _flipMap = [ 0, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 ];

function writeTextureLayer( device, textureGPU, mipLevel, layerIndex, mipmap, bytesPerImage, bytesPerRow, rowsPerImage, textureWidth, textureHeight ) {

	_texelCopyTextureInfo.texture = textureGPU;
	_texelCopyTextureInfo.mipLevel = mipLevel;
	_texelCopyTextureInfo.origin.z = layerIndex;

	_texelCopyBufferLayout.offset = layerIndex * bytesPerImage;
	_texelCopyBufferLayout.bytesPerRow = bytesPerRow;
	_texelCopyBufferLayout.rowsPerImage = rowsPerImage;

	_extent3D$1.width = textureWidth;
	_extent3D$1.height = textureHeight;

	device.queue.writeTexture(
		_texelCopyTextureInfo,
		mipmap.data,
		_texelCopyBufferLayout,
		_extent3D$1
	);

	_texelCopyTextureInfo.reset();
	_texelCopyBufferLayout.reset();
	_extent3D$1.reset();

}

/**
 * A WebGPU backend utility module for managing textures.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGPUTextureUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPUBackend} backend - The WebGPU backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGPU backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * A reference to the pass utils.
		 *
		 * @type {?WebGPUTexturePassUtils}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._passUtils = null;

		/**
		 * A dictionary for managing default textures. The key
		 * is the texture format, the value the texture object.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Texture>}
		 */
		this.defaultTexture = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary for managing default cube textures. The key
		 * is the texture format, the value the texture object.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,CubeTexture>}
		 */
		this.defaultCubeTexture = {};

		/**
		 * A default video frame.
		 *
		 * @type {?VideoFrame}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.defaultVideoFrame = null;

		/**
		 * A cache of shared texture samplers.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<string, Object>}
		 */
		this._samplerCache = new Map();

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a GPU sampler for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to update.
	 * @return {string} The current sampler key.
	 */
	updateSampler( binding ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const texture = binding.texture;
		const textureNode = binding.textureNode;

		const samplerKey = texture.minFilter + '-' + texture.magFilter + '-' +
			texture.wrapS + '-' + texture.wrapT + '-' + ( texture.wrapR || '0' ) + '-' +
			texture.anisotropy + '-' + ( texture.isDepthTexture === true ? 1 : 0 ) + '-' +
			( texture.compareFunction !== null && textureNode.compareNode !== null ? texture.compareFunction : 0 );

		let samplerData = this._samplerCache.get( samplerKey );

		if ( samplerData === undefined ) {

			_samplerDescriptor.addressModeU = this._convertAddressMode( texture.wrapS );
			_samplerDescriptor.addressModeV = this._convertAddressMode( texture.wrapT );
			_samplerDescriptor.addressModeW = this._convertAddressMode( texture.wrapR );
			_samplerDescriptor.magFilter = this._convertFilterMode( texture.magFilter );
			_samplerDescriptor.minFilter = this._convertFilterMode( texture.minFilter );
			_samplerDescriptor.mipmapFilter = this._convertMipmapFilterMode( texture.minFilter );

			// Depth textures without compare function must use non-filtering (nearest) sampling
			if ( texture.isDepthTexture && ( texture.compareFunction === null || textureNode.compareNode === null ) ) {

				_samplerDescriptor.magFilter = GPUFilterMode.Nearest;
				_samplerDescriptor.minFilter = GPUFilterMode.Nearest;
				_samplerDescriptor.mipmapFilter = GPUFilterMode.Nearest;

			}

			// anisotropy can only be used when all filter modes are set to linear.

			if ( _samplerDescriptor.magFilter === GPUFilterMode.Linear && _samplerDescriptor.minFilter === GPUFilterMode.Linear && _samplerDescriptor.mipmapFilter === GPUFilterMode.Linear ) {

				_samplerDescriptor.maxAnisotropy = texture.anisotropy;

			}

			if ( texture.isDepthTexture && texture.compareFunction !== null && textureNode.compareNode !== null && backend.hasCompatibility( Compatibility.TEXTURE_COMPARE ) ) {

				_samplerDescriptor.compare = _compareToWebGPU[ texture.compareFunction ];

			}

			const sampler = backend.device.createSampler( _samplerDescriptor );

			_samplerDescriptor.reset();

			samplerData = { sampler, usedTimes: 0 };

			this._samplerCache.set( samplerKey, samplerData );

		}

		const bindingData = backend.get( binding );

		if ( bindingData.sampler !== samplerData.sampler ) {

			// release the previous sampler (if any) so it can be deleted when unused

			this._releaseSampler( bindingData );

			// update to new sampler data

			bindingData.samplerKey = samplerKey;
			bindingData.sampler = samplerData.sampler;

			samplerData.usedTimes ++;

		}

		return samplerKey;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees the GPU sampler referenced by the given sampler binding.
	 *
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to free.
	 */
	destroySampler( binding ) {

		this._releaseSampler( this.backend.get( binding ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Releases the pooled sampler referenced by the given binding data and
	 * removes it from the cache when no binding references it anymore.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} bindingData - The binding data holding the sampler reference.
	 */
	_releaseSampler( bindingData ) {

		if ( bindingData.sampler !== undefined ) {

			const samplerData = this._samplerCache.get( bindingData.samplerKey );
			samplerData.usedTimes --;

			if ( samplerData.usedTimes === 0 ) {

				this._samplerCache.delete( bindingData.samplerKey );

			}

			bindingData.sampler = undefined;
			bindingData.samplerKey = undefined;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a default texture for the given texture that can be used
	 * as a placeholder until the actual texture is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to create a default texture for.
	 */
	createDefaultTexture( texture ) {

		let textureGPU;

		const format = getFormat( texture, this.backend.device );

		if ( texture.isCubeTexture ) {

			textureGPU = this._getDefaultCubeTextureGPU( format );

		} else {

			textureGPU = this._getDefaultTextureGPU( format );

		}

		this.backend.get( texture ).texture = textureGPU;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines a texture on the GPU for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	createTexture( texture, options = {} ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const textureData = backend.get( texture );

		if ( textureData.initialized ) {

			// Skip creation for external XR textures - they are already set up
			if ( textureData.externalTexture === true ) {

				return;

			}

			throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGPUTextureUtils: Texture already initialized.' );

		}

		if ( texture.isExternalTexture ) {

			textureData.texture = texture.sourceTexture;
			textureData.initialized = true;

			return;

		}

		if ( options.needsMipmaps === undefined ) options.needsMipmaps = false;
		if ( options.levels === undefined ) options.levels = 1;
		if ( options.depth === undefined ) options.depth = 1;

		const { width, height, depth, levels } = options;

		if ( texture.isFramebufferTexture ) {

			if ( options.renderTarget ) {

				options.format = this.backend.utils.getCurrentColorFormat( options.renderTarget );

			} else {

				options.format = this.backend.utils.getPreferredCanvasFormat();

			}

		}

		const dimension = this._getDimension( texture );
		const format = texture.internalFormat || options.format || getFormat( texture, backend.device );

		textureData.format = format;

		const { samples, primarySamples, isMSAA } = backend.utils.getTextureSampleData( texture );

		let usage = GPUTextureUsage.TEXTURE_BINDING | GPUTextureUsage.COPY_DST | GPUTextureUsage.COPY_SRC;

		if ( texture.isStorageTexture === true ) {

			usage |= GPUTextureUsage.STORAGE_BINDING;

		}

		if ( texture.isCompressedTexture !== true && texture.isCompressedArrayTexture !== true && format !== GPUTextureFormat.RGB9E5UFloat ) {

			usage |= GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT;

		}

		const renderTarget = texture.renderTarget;

		// when the multisampled data are discarded, try to use a transient attachment if possible

		if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true && primarySamples > 1 && GPUTextureUsage.TRANSIENT_ATTACHMENT !== undefined ) {

			if ( renderTarget?.storeMultisampledDepthBuffer === false && ( renderTarget.stencilBuffer === false || renderTarget.storeMultisampledStencilBuffer === false ) ) {

				usage = GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT | GPUTextureUsage.TRANSIENT_ATTACHMENT;

			}

		}

		const textureDescriptorGPU = new GPUTextureDescriptor();
		textureDescriptorGPU.label = texture.name;
		textureDescriptorGPU.size.width = width;
		textureDescriptorGPU.size.height = height;
		textureDescriptorGPU.size.depthOrArrayLayers = depth;
		textureDescriptorGPU.mipLevelCount = levels;
		textureDescriptorGPU.sampleCount = primarySamples;
		textureDescriptorGPU.dimension = dimension;
		textureDescriptorGPU.format = format;
		textureDescriptorGPU.usage = usage;

		// texture creation

		if ( format === undefined ) {

			warn( 'WebGPURenderer: Texture format not supported.' );

			this.createDefaultTexture( texture );
			return;

		}

		if ( texture.isCubeTexture ) {

			textureDescriptorGPU.textureBindingViewDimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.Cube;

		}

		try {

			textureData.texture = backend.device.createTexture( textureDescriptorGPU );

		} catch ( e ) {

			warn( 'WebGPURenderer: Failed to create texture with descriptor:', textureDescriptorGPU );
			this.createDefaultTexture( texture );
			return;

		}

		if ( isMSAA ) {

			const msaaTextureDescriptorGPU = Object.assign( {}, textureDescriptorGPU );

			msaaTextureDescriptorGPU.label = msaaTextureDescriptorGPU.label + '-msaa';
			msaaTextureDescriptorGPU.sampleCount = samples;
			msaaTextureDescriptorGPU.mipLevelCount = 1; // See https://www.w3.org/TR/webgpu/#texture-creation

			// when the multisampled data are discarded, try to use a transient attachment if possible

			if ( renderTarget?.storeMultisampledColorBuffer === false && GPUTextureUsage.TRANSIENT_ATTACHMENT !== undefined ) {

				msaaTextureDescriptorGPU.usage = GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT | GPUTextureUsage.TRANSIENT_ATTACHMENT;

			}

			textureData.msaaTexture = backend.device.createTexture( msaaTextureDescriptorGPU );

		}

		textureData.initialized = true;

		textureData.textureDescriptorGPU = textureDescriptorGPU;

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU data for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {boolean} [isDefaultTexture=false] - Whether the texture uses a default GPU texture or not.
	 */
	destroyTexture( texture, isDefaultTexture = false ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const textureData = backend.get( texture );

		if ( textureData.texture !== undefined && isDefaultTexture === false && texture.isExternalTexture !== true ) textureData.texture.destroy();

		if ( textureData.msaaTexture !== undefined ) textureData.msaaTexture.destroy();

		backend.delete( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates mipmaps for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {?GPUCommandEncoder} [encoder=null] - An optional command encoder used to generate mipmaps.
	 */
	generateMipmaps( texture, encoder = null ) {

		const textureData = this.backend.get( texture );

		this._generateMipmaps( textureData.texture, encoder );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the color buffer representing the color
	 * attachment of the default framebuffer.
	 *
	 * @return {GPUTexture} The color buffer.
	 */
	getColorBuffer() {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const canvasTarget = backend.renderer.getCanvasTarget();
		const { width, height } = backend.getDrawingBufferSize();
		const samples = backend.renderer.currentSamples;

		const colorTexture = canvasTarget.colorTexture;
		const colorTextureData = backend.get( colorTexture );

		if ( colorTexture.width === width && colorTexture.height === height && colorTexture.samples === samples ) {

			return colorTextureData.texture;

		}

		// recreate

		let colorBuffer = colorTextureData.texture;

		if ( colorBuffer ) colorBuffer.destroy();

		_textureDescriptor.label = 'colorBuffer';
		_textureDescriptor.size.width = width;
		_textureDescriptor.size.height = height;
		_textureDescriptor.sampleCount = backend.utils.getSampleCount( backend.renderer.currentSamples );
		_textureDescriptor.format = backend.utils.getPreferredCanvasFormat();
		_textureDescriptor.usage = GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT | GPUTextureUsage.COPY_SRC;

		colorBuffer = backend.device.createTexture( _textureDescriptor );

		_textureDescriptor.reset();

		//

		colorTexture.source.width = width;
		colorTexture.source.height = height;
		colorTexture.samples = samples;

		colorTextureData.texture = colorBuffer;

		return colorBuffer;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the depth buffer representing the depth
	 * attachment of the default framebuffer.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether depth is enabled or not.
	 * @param {boolean} [stencil=false] -  Whether stencil is enabled or not.
	 * @return {GPUTexture} The depth buffer.
	 */
	getDepthBuffer( depth = true, stencil = false ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const canvasTarget = backend.renderer.getCanvasTarget();
		const { width, height } = backend.getDrawingBufferSize();
		const samples = backend.renderer.currentSamples;

		const depthTexture = canvasTarget.depthTexture;

		if ( depthTexture.width === width &&
			depthTexture.height === height &&
			depthTexture.samples === samples &&
			depthTexture.depth === depth &&
			depthTexture.stencil === stencil ) {

			return backend.get( depthTexture ).texture;

		}

		//

		const depthTextureGPU = backend.get( depthTexture ).texture;

		let format, type;

		if ( stencil ) {

			format = DepthStencilFormat;
			type = backend.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true ? FloatType : UnsignedInt248Type;

		} else if ( depth ) {

			format = DepthFormat;
			type = backend.renderer.reversedDepthBuffer === true ? FloatType : UnsignedIntType;

		}

		if ( depthTextureGPU !== undefined ) {

			if ( depthTexture.image.width === width && depthTexture.image.height === height && depthTexture.format === format && depthTexture.type === type && depthTexture.samples === samples ) {

				return depthTextureGPU;

			}

			this.destroyTexture( depthTexture );

		}

		// recreate

		depthTexture.name = 'depthBuffer';
		depthTexture.format = format;
		depthTexture.type = type;
		depthTexture.image.width = width;
		depthTexture.image.height = height;
		depthTexture.samples = samples;

		this.createTexture( depthTexture, { width, height } );

		return backend.get( depthTexture ).texture;

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads the updated texture data to the GPU.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	updateTexture( texture, options ) {

		const textureData = this.backend.get( texture );
		const mipmaps = texture.mipmaps;

		const { textureDescriptorGPU } = textureData;

		if ( texture.isRenderTargetTexture || ( textureDescriptorGPU === undefined /* unsupported texture format */ ) )
			return;

		// transfer texture data

		if ( texture.isDataTexture ) {

			if ( mipmaps.length > 0 ) {

				for ( let i = 0, il = mipmaps.length; i < il; i ++ ) {

					const mipmap = mipmaps[ i ];

					this._copyBufferToTexture( mipmap, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU, 0, texture.flipY, 0, i );

				}


			} else {

				this._copyBufferToTexture( options.image, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU, 0, texture.flipY );

			}

		} else if ( texture.isArrayTexture || texture.isDataArrayTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ) {

			if ( texture.layerUpdates && texture.layerUpdates.size > 0 ) {

				for ( const layerIndex of texture.layerUpdates ) {

					this._copyBufferToTexture( options.image, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU, layerIndex, texture.flipY, layerIndex );

				}

				texture.clearLayerUpdates();

			} else {

				for ( let i = 0; i < options.image.depth; i ++ ) {

					this._copyBufferToTexture( options.image, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU, i, texture.flipY, i );

				}

			}

		} else if ( texture.isCompressedTexture || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {

			if ( texture.isCompressedArrayTexture && texture.layerUpdates.size > 0 ) {

				this._copyCompressedBufferToTexture( texture.mipmaps, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU, texture.layerUpdates );

				texture.clearLayerUpdates();

			} else {

				this._copyCompressedBufferToTexture( texture.mipmaps, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU );

			}

		} else if ( texture.isCubeTexture ) {

			this._copyCubeMapToTexture( texture, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU );

		} else if ( texture.isHTMLTexture ) {

			const device = this.backend.device;
			const canvas = this.backend.renderer.domElement;
			const image = texture.image;

			if ( typeof device.queue.copyElementImageToTexture !== 'function' ) return;

			// Skip the first frame — the element needs a paint record first.
			if ( ! textureData.hasPaintCallback ) {

				textureData.hasPaintCallback = true;
				canvas.requestPaint();
				return;

			}

			const width = textureDescriptorGPU.size.width;
			const height = textureDescriptorGPU.size.height;

			if ( device.queue.copyElementImageToTexture.length === 2 ) {

				// Chrome 150+

				device.queue.copyElementImageToTexture(
					{ source: image },
					{
						destination: { texture: textureData.texture },
						width: width,
						height: height
					}
				);

			} else {

				// Chrome 138 - 149

				device.queue.copyElementImageToTexture(
					image, width, height,
					{ texture: textureData.texture }
				);

			}

			if ( texture.flipY ) {

				this._flipY( textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU );

			}

		} else {

			if ( mipmaps.length > 0 ) {

				for ( let i = 0, il = mipmaps.length; i < il; i ++ ) {

					const mipmap = mipmaps[ i ];

					this._copyImageToTexture( mipmap, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU, 0, texture.flipY, texture.premultiplyAlpha, i );

				}


			} else {

				this._copyImageToTexture( options.image, textureData.texture, textureDescriptorGPU, 0, texture.flipY, texture.premultiplyAlpha );

			}

		}

		//

		textureData.version = texture.version;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns texture data as a typed array.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to copy.
	 * @param {number} x - The x coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} y - The y coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy.
	 * @param {number} faceIndex - The face index.
	 * @return {Promise<TypedArray>} A Promise that resolves with a typed array when the copy operation has finished.
	 */
	async copyTextureToBuffer( texture, x, y, width, height, faceIndex ) {

		const device = this.backend.device;

		const textureData = this.backend.get( texture );
		const textureGPU = textureData.texture;
		const format = textureData.textureDescriptorGPU.format;
		const bytesPerTexel = this._getBytesPerTexel( format );

		let bytesPerRow = width * bytesPerTexel;
		bytesPerRow = Math.ceil( bytesPerRow / 256 ) * 256; // Align to 256 bytes

		_bufferDescriptor$4.size = ( ( height - 1 ) * bytesPerRow ) + ( width * bytesPerTexel ); // see https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/issues/31658#issuecomment-3229442010
		_bufferDescriptor$4.usage = GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST | GPUBufferUsage.MAP_READ;

		const readBuffer = device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$4 );

		_bufferDescriptor$4.reset();

		const encoder = device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor$3 );

		_texelCopyTextureInfo.texture = textureGPU;
		_texelCopyTextureInfo.origin.x = x;
		_texelCopyTextureInfo.origin.y = y;
		_texelCopyTextureInfo.origin.z = faceIndex;

		_texelCopyBufferInfo.buffer = readBuffer;
		_texelCopyBufferInfo.bytesPerRow = bytesPerRow;

		_extent3D$1.width = width;
		_extent3D$1.height = height;

		encoder.copyTextureToBuffer(
			_texelCopyTextureInfo,
			_texelCopyBufferInfo,
			_extent3D$1
		);

		_texelCopyTextureInfo.reset();
		_texelCopyBufferInfo.reset();
		_extent3D$1.reset();

		const typedArrayType = this._getTypedArrayType( format );

		submit( device, encoder.finish() );

		await readBuffer.mapAsync( GPUMapMode.READ );

		const buffer = readBuffer.getMappedRange().slice();

		readBuffer.destroy();

		return new typedArrayType( buffer );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees all internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this._samplerCache.clear();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the default GPU texture for the given format.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} format - The GPU format.
	 * @return {GPUTexture} The GPU texture.
	 */
	_getDefaultTextureGPU( format ) {

		let defaultTexture = this.defaultTexture[ format ];

		if ( defaultTexture === undefined ) {

			const texture = new Texture();
			texture.minFilter = NearestFilter;
			texture.magFilter = NearestFilter;

			this.createTexture( texture, { width: 1, height: 1, format } );

			this.defaultTexture[ format ] = defaultTexture = texture;

		}

		return this.backend.get( defaultTexture ).texture;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the default GPU cube texture for the given format.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} format - The GPU format.
	 * @return {GPUTexture} The GPU texture.
	 */
	_getDefaultCubeTextureGPU( format ) {

		let defaultCubeTexture = this.defaultCubeTexture[ format ];

		if ( defaultCubeTexture === undefined ) {

			const texture = new CubeTexture();
			texture.minFilter = NearestFilter;
			texture.magFilter = NearestFilter;

			this.createTexture( texture, { width: 1, height: 1, depth: 6 } );

			this.defaultCubeTexture[ format ] = defaultCubeTexture = texture;

		}

		return this.backend.get( defaultCubeTexture ).texture;

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads cube texture image data to the GPU memory.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {CubeTexture} texture - The cube texture.
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture.
	 * @param {Object} textureDescriptorGPU - The GPU texture descriptor.
	 */
	_copyCubeMapToTexture( texture, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU ) {

		const images = texture.images;
		const mipmaps = texture.mipmaps;

		for ( let i = 0; i < 6; i ++ ) {

			const image = images[ i ];

			const flipIndex = texture.flipY === true ? _flipMap[ i ] : i;

			if ( image.isDataTexture ) {

				this._copyBufferToTexture( image.image, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, flipIndex, texture.flipY );

			} else {

				this._copyImageToTexture( image, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, flipIndex, texture.flipY, texture.premultiplyAlpha );

			}

			for ( let j = 0; j < mipmaps.length; j ++ ) {

				const mipmap = mipmaps[ j ];
				const image = mipmap.images[ i ];

				if ( image.isDataTexture ) {

					this._copyBufferToTexture( image.image, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, flipIndex, texture.flipY, 0, j + 1 );

				} else {

					this._copyImageToTexture( image, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, flipIndex, texture.flipY, texture.premultiplyAlpha, j + 1 );

				}


			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads texture image data to the GPU memory.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {HTMLImageElement|ImageBitmap|HTMLCanvasElement} image - The image data.
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture.
	 * @param {Object} textureDescriptorGPU - The GPU texture descriptor.
	 * @param {number} originDepth - The origin depth.
	 * @param {boolean} flipY - Whether to flip texture data along their vertical axis or not.
	 * @param {boolean} premultiplyAlpha - Whether the texture should have its RGB channels premultiplied by the alpha channel or not.
	 * @param {number} [mipLevel=0] - The mip level where the data should be copied to.
	 */
	_copyImageToTexture( image, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, originDepth, flipY, premultiplyAlpha, mipLevel = 0 ) {

		const device = this.backend.device;

		const width = ( mipLevel > 0 ) ? image.width : textureDescriptorGPU.size.width;
		const height = ( mipLevel > 0 ) ? image.height : textureDescriptorGPU.size.height;

		_copyExternalImageSourceInfo.source = image;
		_copyExternalImageSourceInfo.flipY = flipY;

		_copyExternalImageDestInfo.texture = textureGPU;
		_copyExternalImageDestInfo.mipLevel = mipLevel;
		_copyExternalImageDestInfo.origin.z = originDepth;
		_copyExternalImageDestInfo.premultipliedAlpha = premultiplyAlpha;

		_extent3D$1.width = width;
		_extent3D$1.height = height;

		try {

			device.queue.copyExternalImageToTexture(
				_copyExternalImageSourceInfo,
				_copyExternalImageDestInfo,
				_extent3D$1
			);

			// try/catch has been added to fix bad video frame data on certain devices, see #32391

		} catch ( _ ) {

		} finally {

			_copyExternalImageSourceInfo.reset();
			_copyExternalImageDestInfo.reset();
			_extent3D$1.reset();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the pass utils singleton.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return {WebGPUTexturePassUtils} The utils instance.
	 */
	_getPassUtils() {

		let passUtils = this._passUtils;

		if ( passUtils === null ) {

			this._passUtils = passUtils = new WebGPUTexturePassUtils( this.backend.device );

		}

		return passUtils;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates mipmaps for the given GPU texture.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture object.
	 * @param {?GPUCommandEncoder} [encoder=null] - An optional command encoder used to generate mipmaps.
	 */
	_generateMipmaps( textureGPU, encoder = null ) {

		this._getPassUtils().generateMipmaps( textureGPU, encoder );

	}

	/**
	 * Flip the contents of the given GPU texture along its vertical axis.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture object.
	 * @param {Object} textureDescriptorGPU - The texture descriptor.
	 * @param {number} [originDepth=0] - The origin depth.
	 */
	_flipY( textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, originDepth = 0 ) {

		this._getPassUtils().flipY( textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, originDepth );

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads texture buffer data to the GPU memory.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} image - An object defining the image buffer data.
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture.
	 * @param {Object} textureDescriptorGPU - The GPU texture descriptor.
	 * @param {number} originDepth - The origin depth.
	 * @param {boolean} flipY - Whether to flip texture data along their vertical axis or not.
	 * @param {number} [depth=0] - The depth offset when copying array or 3D texture data.
	 * @param {number} [mipLevel=0] - The mip level where the data should be copied to.
	 */
	_copyBufferToTexture( image, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, originDepth, flipY, depth = 0, mipLevel = 0 ) {

		// @TODO: Consider to use GPUCommandEncoder.copyBufferToTexture()
		// @TODO: Consider to support valid buffer layouts with other formats like RGB

		const device = this.backend.device;

		const data = image.data;

		const bytesPerTexel = this._getBytesPerTexel( textureDescriptorGPU.format );
		const bytesPerRow = image.width * bytesPerTexel;

		_texelCopyTextureInfo.texture = textureGPU;
		_texelCopyTextureInfo.mipLevel = mipLevel;
		_texelCopyTextureInfo.origin.z = originDepth;

		_texelCopyBufferLayout.offset = image.width * image.height * bytesPerTexel * depth;
		_texelCopyBufferLayout.bytesPerRow = bytesPerRow;

		_extent3D$1.width = image.width;
		_extent3D$1.height = image.height;

		device.queue.writeTexture(
			_texelCopyTextureInfo,
			data,
			_texelCopyBufferLayout,
			_extent3D$1
		);

		_texelCopyTextureInfo.reset();
		_texelCopyBufferLayout.reset();
		_extent3D$1.reset();

		if ( flipY === true ) {

			this._flipY( textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, originDepth );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads compressed texture data to the GPU memory.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<Object>} mipmaps - An array with mipmap data.
	 * @param {GPUTexture} textureGPU - The GPU texture.
	 * @param {Object} textureDescriptorGPU - The GPU texture descriptor.
	 * @param {?Set<number>} [layerUpdates=null] - The layer indices to update.
	 */
	_copyCompressedBufferToTexture( mipmaps, textureGPU, textureDescriptorGPU, layerUpdates = null ) {

		// @TODO: Consider to use GPUCommandEncoder.copyBufferToTexture()

		const device = this.backend.device;

		const blockData = this._getBlockData( textureDescriptorGPU.format );
		const isArrayTexture = textureDescriptorGPU.size.depthOrArrayLayers > 1;
		const activeLayerUpdates = layerUpdates && layerUpdates.size > 0 ? layerUpdates : null;

		for ( let i = 0; i < mipmaps.length; i ++ ) {

			const mipmap = mipmaps[ i ];

			const width = mipmap.width;
			const height = mipmap.height;
			const depth = isArrayTexture ? textureDescriptorGPU.size.depthOrArrayLayers : 1;

			const bytesPerRow = Math.ceil( width / blockData.width ) * blockData.byteLength;
			const rowsPerImage = Math.ceil( height / blockData.height );
			const bytesPerImage = bytesPerRow * rowsPerImage;
			const textureWidth = Math.ceil( width / blockData.width ) * blockData.width;
			const textureHeight = rowsPerImage * blockData.height;

			if ( activeLayerUpdates !== null ) {

				for ( const layerIndex of activeLayerUpdates ) {

					writeTextureLayer( device, textureGPU, i, layerIndex, mipmap, bytesPerImage, bytesPerRow, rowsPerImage, textureWidth, textureHeight );

				}

			} else {

				for ( let layerIndex = 0; layerIndex < depth; layerIndex ++ ) {

					writeTextureLayer( device, textureGPU, i, layerIndex, mipmap, bytesPerImage, bytesPerRow, rowsPerImage, textureWidth, textureHeight );

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is only relevant for compressed texture formats. It returns a block
	 * data descriptor for the given GPU compressed texture format.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} format - The GPU compressed texture format.
	 * @return {Object} The block data descriptor.
	 */
	_getBlockData( format ) {

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BC1RGBAUnorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.BC1RGBAUnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 8, width: 4, height: 4 }; // DXT1
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BC2RGBAUnorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.BC2RGBAUnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 }; // DXT3
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BC3RGBAUnorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.BC3RGBAUnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 }; // DXT5
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BC4RUnorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.BC4RSnorm ) return { byteLength: 8, width: 4, height: 4 }; // RGTC1
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BC5RGUnorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.BC5RGSnorm ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 }; // RGTC2
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BC6HRGBUFloat || format === GPUTextureFormat.BC6HRGBFloat ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 }; // BPTC (float)
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BC7RGBAUnorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.BC7RGBAUnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 }; // BPTC (unorm)

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGB8Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGB8UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 8, width: 4, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGB8A1Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGB8A1UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 8, width: 4, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGBA8Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGBA8UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.EACR11Unorm ) return { byteLength: 8, width: 4, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.EACR11Snorm ) return { byteLength: 8, width: 4, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.EACRG11Unorm ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.EACRG11Snorm ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 };

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC4x4Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC4x4UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 4, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x4Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x4UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 5, height: 4 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x5Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x5UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 5, height: 5 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x5Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x5UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 6, height: 5 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x6Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x6UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 6, height: 6 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x5Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x5UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 8, height: 5 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x6Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x6UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 8, height: 6 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x8Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x8UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 8, height: 8 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x5Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x5UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 10, height: 5 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x6Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x6UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 10, height: 6 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x8Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x8UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 10, height: 8 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x10Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x10UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 10, height: 10 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x10Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x10UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 12, height: 10 };
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x12Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x12UnormSRGB ) return { byteLength: 16, width: 12, height: 12 };

	}

	/**
	 * Converts the three.js uv wrapping constants to GPU address mode constants.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} value - The three.js constant defining a uv wrapping mode.
	 * @return {string} The GPU address mode.
	 */
	_convertAddressMode( value ) {

		let addressMode = GPUAddressMode.ClampToEdge;

		if ( value === RepeatWrapping ) {

			addressMode = GPUAddressMode.Repeat;

		} else if ( value === MirroredRepeatWrapping ) {

			addressMode = GPUAddressMode.MirrorRepeat;

		}

		return addressMode;

	}

	/**
	 * Converts the three.js filter constants to GPU filter constants.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} value - The three.js constant defining a filter mode.
	 * @return {string} The GPU filter mode.
	 */
	_convertFilterMode( value ) {

		let filterMode = GPUFilterMode.Linear;

		if ( value === NearestFilter || value === NearestMipmapNearestFilter || value === NearestMipmapLinearFilter ) {

			filterMode = GPUFilterMode.Nearest;

		}

		return filterMode;

	}

	/**
	 * Converts the three.js filter constants to a GPU mipmap filter constant.
	 * Unlike `_convertFilterMode`, this extracts the between-mip-level filtering
	 * axis from the combined three.js constant rather than the within-level axis.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} value - The three.js constant defining a filter mode.
	 * @return {string} The GPU mipmap filter mode.
	 */
	_convertMipmapFilterMode( value ) {

		if ( value === NearestMipmapLinearFilter || value === LinearMipmapLinearFilter ) {

			return GPUFilterMode.Linear;

		}

		return GPUFilterMode.Nearest;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the bytes-per-texel value for the given GPU texture format.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} format - The GPU texture format.
	 * @return {number} The bytes-per-texel.
	 */
	_getBytesPerTexel( format ) {

		// 8-bit formats
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Snorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Sint ) return 1;

		// 16-bit formats
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Float ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Snorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Snorm ) return 2;

		// 32-bit formats
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R32Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R32Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.R32Float ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Float ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8UnormSRGB ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Snorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.BGRA8Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.BGRA8UnormSRGB ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Snorm ||
			// Packed 32-bit formats
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGB9E5UFloat ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGB10A2Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG11B10UFloat ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth32Float ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth24Plus ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth24PlusStencil8 ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth32FloatStencil8 ) return 4;

		// 64-bit formats
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG32Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG32Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RG32Float ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Float ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Unorm ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Snorm ) return 8;

		// 128-bit formats
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Uint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Sint ||
			format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Float ) return 16;


	}

	/**
	 * Returns the corresponding typed array type for the given GPU texture format.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} format - The GPU texture format.
	 * @return {TypedArray.constructor} The typed array type.
	 */
	_getTypedArrayType( format ) {

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Uint ) return Uint8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Sint ) return Int8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Unorm ) return Uint8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R8Snorm ) return Int8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Uint ) return Uint8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Sint ) return Int8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Unorm ) return Uint8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG8Snorm ) return Int8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Uint ) return Uint8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Sint ) return Int8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8UnormSRGB ) return Uint8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Snorm ) return Int8Array;


		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Uint ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Sint ) return Int16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Uint ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Sint ) return Int16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Uint ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Sint ) return Int16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Float ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Float ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Float ) return Uint16Array;

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Unorm ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R16Snorm ) return Int16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Unorm ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG16Snorm ) return Int16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Unorm ) return Uint16Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Snorm ) return Int16Array;

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R32Uint ) return Uint32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R32Sint ) return Int32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.R32Float ) return Float32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG32Uint ) return Uint32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG32Sint ) return Int32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG32Float ) return Float32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Uint ) return Uint32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Sint ) return Int32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Float ) return Float32Array;

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.BGRA8Unorm || format === GPUTextureFormat.BGRA8UnormSRGB ) return Uint8Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGB10A2Unorm ) return Uint32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RGB9E5UFloat ) return Uint32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.RG11B10UFloat ) return Uint32Array;

		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth32Float ) return Float32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth24Plus ) return Uint32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth24PlusStencil8 ) return Uint32Array;
		if ( format === GPUTextureFormat.Depth32FloatStencil8 ) return Float32Array;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU dimensions for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {string} The GPU dimension.
	 */
	_getDimension( texture ) {

		let dimension;

		if ( texture.is3DTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ) {

			dimension = GPUTextureDimension.ThreeD;

		} else {

			dimension = GPUTextureDimension.TwoD;

		}

		return dimension;

	}

}

/**
 * Returns the GPU format for the given texture.
 *
 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
 * @param {GPUDevice} [device] - The GPU device which is used for feature detection.
 * @return {string} The GPU format.
 */
function getFormat( texture, device ) {

	const format = texture.format;
	const type = texture.type;
	const normalized = texture.normalized;
	const colorSpace = texture.colorSpace;
	const transfer = ColorManagement.getTransfer( colorSpace );

	let formatGPU;

	let textureFormatsTier1 = false;

	if ( normalized ) {

		textureFormatsTier1 = device.features.has( GPUFeatureName.TextureFormatsTier1 );

		if ( textureFormatsTier1 === false ) {

			warn( 'WebGPURenderer: Unable to use normalized textures without texture-formats-tier1 feature.' );

		}

	}

	if ( texture.isCompressedTexture === true || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture === true ) {

		switch ( format ) {

			case RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format:
			case RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.BC1RGBAUnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.BC1RGBAUnorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.BC2RGBAUnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.BC2RGBAUnorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.BC3RGBAUnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.BC3RGBAUnorm;
				break;

			case RED_RGTC1_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.BC4RUnorm;
				break;

			case SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.BC4RSnorm;
				break;

			case RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.BC5RGUnorm;
				break;

			case SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.BC5RGSnorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_BPTC_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.BC7RGBAUnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.BC7RGBAUnorm;
				break;

			case RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.BC6HRGBFloat;
				break;

			case RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.BC6HRGBUFloat;
				break;

			case RGB_ETC2_Format:
			case RGB_ETC1_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGB8UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGB8Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGBA8UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ETC2RGBA8Unorm;
				break;

			case R11_EAC_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.EACR11Unorm;
				break;

			case SIGNED_R11_EAC_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.EACR11Snorm;
				break;

			case RG11_EAC_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.EACRG11Unorm;
				break;

			case SIGNED_RG11_EAC_Format:
				formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.EACRG11Snorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC4x4UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC4x4Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x4UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x4Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x5UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC5x5Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x5UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x5Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x6UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC6x6Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x5UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x5Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x6UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x6Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x8UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC8x8Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x5UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x5Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x6UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x6Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x8UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x8Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x10UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC10x10Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x10UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x10Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x12UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.ASTC12x12Unorm;
				break;

			case RGBAFormat:
				formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Unorm;
				break;

			default:
				error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture format.', format );

		}

	} else {

		switch ( format ) {

			case RGBAFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case ByteType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Snorm;
						break;

					case ShortType:
						formatGPU = textureFormatsTier1 ? GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Snorm : GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedShortType:
						formatGPU = textureFormatsTier1 ? GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Unorm : GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Uint;
						break;

					case UnsignedIntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Uint;
						break;

					case IntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedByteType:
						formatGPU = ( transfer === SRGBTransfer ) ? GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8UnormSRGB : GPUTextureFormat.RGBA8Unorm;
						break;

					case HalfFloatType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGBA16Float;
						break;

					case FloatType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Float;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with RGBAFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case RGBFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case UnsignedInt5999Type:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGB9E5UFloat;
						break;

					case UnsignedInt101111Type:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG11B10UFloat;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with RGBFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case RedFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case ByteType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R8Snorm;
						break;

					case ShortType:
						formatGPU = textureFormatsTier1 ? GPUTextureFormat.R16Snorm : GPUTextureFormat.R16Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedShortType:
						formatGPU = textureFormatsTier1 ? GPUTextureFormat.R16Unorm : GPUTextureFormat.R16Uint;
						break;

					case UnsignedIntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R32Uint;
						break;

					case IntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R32Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedByteType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R8Unorm;
						break;

					case HalfFloatType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R16Float;
						break;

					case FloatType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R32Float;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with RedFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case RGFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case ByteType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG8Snorm;
						break;

					case ShortType:
						formatGPU = textureFormatsTier1 ? GPUTextureFormat.RG16Snorm : GPUTextureFormat.RG16Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedShortType:
						formatGPU = textureFormatsTier1 ? GPUTextureFormat.RG16Unorm : GPUTextureFormat.RG16Uint;
						break;

					case UnsignedIntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG32Uint;
						break;

					case IntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG32Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedByteType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG8Unorm;
						break;

					case HalfFloatType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG16Float;
						break;

					case FloatType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG32Float;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with RGFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case DepthFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case UnsignedShortType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.Depth16Unorm;
						break;

					case UnsignedIntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.Depth24Plus;
						break;

					case FloatType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.Depth32Float;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with DepthFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case DepthStencilFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case UnsignedInt248Type:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.Depth24PlusStencil8;
						break;

					case FloatType:

						if ( device && device.features.has( GPUFeatureName.Depth32FloatStencil8 ) === false ) {

							error( 'WebGPURenderer: Depth textures with DepthStencilFormat + FloatType can only be used with the "depth32float-stencil8" GPU feature.' );

						}

						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.Depth32FloatStencil8;

						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with DepthStencilFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case RedIntegerFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case IntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R32Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedIntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.R32Uint;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with RedIntegerFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case RGIntegerFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case IntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG32Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedIntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RG32Uint;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with RGIntegerFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			case RGBAIntegerFormat:

				switch ( type ) {

					case IntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Sint;
						break;

					case UnsignedIntType:
						formatGPU = GPUTextureFormat.RGBA32Uint;
						break;

					default:
						error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture type with RGBAIntegerFormat.', type );

				}

				break;

			default:
				error( 'WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture format.', format );

		}

	}

	return formatGPU;

}

const declarationRegexp = /^[fn]*\s*([a-z_0-9]+)?\s*\(([\s\S]*?)\)\s*[\-\>]*\s*([a-z_0-9]+(?:<[\s\S]+?>)?)/i;
const propertiesRegexp = /([a-z_0-9]+)\s*:\s*([a-z_0-9]+(?:<[\s\S]+?>)?)/ig;

const wgslTypeLib$1 = {
	'f32': 'float',
	'i32': 'int',
	'u32': 'uint',
	'bool': 'bool',

	'vec2<f32>': 'vec2',
 	'vec2<i32>': 'ivec2',
 	'vec2<u32>': 'uvec2',
 	'vec2<bool>': 'bvec2',

	'vec2f': 'vec2',
	'vec2i': 'ivec2',
	'vec2u': 'uvec2',
	'vec2b': 'bvec2',

	'vec3<f32>': 'vec3',
	'vec3<i32>': 'ivec3',
	'vec3<u32>': 'uvec3',
	'vec3<bool>': 'bvec3',

	'vec3f': 'vec3',
	'vec3i': 'ivec3',
	'vec3u': 'uvec3',
	'vec3b': 'bvec3',

	'vec4<f32>': 'vec4',
	'vec4<i32>': 'ivec4',
	'vec4<u32>': 'uvec4',
	'vec4<bool>': 'bvec4',

	'vec4f': 'vec4',
	'vec4i': 'ivec4',
	'vec4u': 'uvec4',
	'vec4b': 'bvec4',

	'mat2x2<f32>': 'mat2',
	'mat2x2f': 'mat2',

	'mat3x3<f32>': 'mat3',
	'mat3x3f': 'mat3',

	'mat4x4<f32>': 'mat4',
	'mat4x4f': 'mat4',

	'sampler': 'sampler',

	'texture_1d': 'texture',

	'texture_2d': 'texture',
	'texture_2d_array': 'texture',
	'texture_multisampled_2d': 'cubeTexture',

	'texture_depth_2d': 'depthTexture',
	'texture_depth_2d_array': 'depthTexture',
	'texture_depth_multisampled_2d': 'depthTexture',
	'texture_depth_cube': 'depthTexture',
	'texture_depth_cube_array': 'depthTexture',

	'texture_3d': 'texture3D',

	'texture_cube': 'cubeTexture',
	'texture_cube_array': 'cubeTexture',

	'texture_storage_1d': 'storageTexture',
	'texture_storage_2d': 'storageTexture',
	'texture_storage_2d_array': 'storageTexture',
	'texture_storage_3d': 'storageTexture'

};

const parse = ( source ) => {

	source = source.trim();

	const declaration = source.match( declarationRegexp );

	if ( declaration !== null && declaration.length === 4 ) {

		const inputsCode = declaration[ 2 ];
		const propsMatches = [];
		let match = null;

		while ( ( match = propertiesRegexp.exec( inputsCode ) ) !== null ) {

			propsMatches.push( { name: match[ 1 ], type: match[ 2 ] } );

		}

		// Process matches to correctly pair names and types
		const inputs = [];
		for ( let i = 0; i < propsMatches.length; i ++ ) {

			const { name, type } = propsMatches[ i ];

			let resolvedType = type;

			if ( resolvedType.startsWith( 'ptr' ) ) {

				resolvedType = 'pointer';

			} else {

				if ( resolvedType.startsWith( 'texture' ) ) {

					resolvedType = type.split( '<' )[ 0 ];

				}

				resolvedType = wgslTypeLib$1[ resolvedType ];

			}

			inputs.push( new NodeFunctionInput( resolvedType, name ) );

		}

		const blockCode = source.substring( declaration[ 0 ].length );
		const outputType = declaration[ 3 ] || 'void';

		const name = declaration[ 1 ] !== undefined ? declaration[ 1 ] : '';
		const type = wgslTypeLib$1[ outputType ] || outputType;

		return {
			type,
			inputs,
			name,
			inputsCode,
			blockCode,
			outputType
		};

	} else {

		throw new Error( 'THREE.WGSLNodeFunction: Function is not a WGSL code.' );

	}

};

/**
 * This class represents a WSL node function.
 *
 * @augments NodeFunction
 */
class WGSLNodeFunction extends NodeFunction {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new WGSL node function.
	 *
	 * @param {string} source - The WGSL source.
	 */
	constructor( source ) {

		const { type, inputs, name, inputsCode, blockCode, outputType } = parse( source );

		super( type, inputs, name );

		this.inputsCode = inputsCode;
		this.blockCode = blockCode;
		this.outputType = outputType;

	}

	/**
	 * This method returns the WGSL code of the node function.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [name=this.name] - The function's name.
	 * @return {string} The shader code.
	 */
	getCode( name = this.name ) {

		const outputType = this.outputType !== 'void' ? '-> ' + this.outputType : '';

		return `fn ${ name } ( ${ this.inputsCode.trim() } ) ${ outputType }` + this.blockCode;

	}

}

/**
 * A WGSL node parser.
 *
 * @augments NodeParser
 */
class WGSLNodeParser extends NodeParser {

	/**
	 * The method parses the given WGSL code an returns a node function.
	 *
	 * @param {string} source - The WGSL code.
	 * @return {WGSLNodeFunction} A node function.
	 */
	parseFunction( source ) {

		return new WGSLNodeFunction( source );

	}

}

const accessNames = {
	[ NodeAccess.READ_ONLY ]: 'read',
	[ NodeAccess.WRITE_ONLY ]: 'write',
	[ NodeAccess.READ_WRITE ]: 'read_write'
};

const wrapNames = {
	[ RepeatWrapping ]: 'repeat',
	[ ClampToEdgeWrapping ]: 'clamp',
	[ MirroredRepeatWrapping ]: 'mirror'
};

const gpuShaderStageLib = {
	'vertex': GPUShaderStage.VERTEX,
	'fragment': GPUShaderStage.FRAGMENT,
	'compute': GPUShaderStage.COMPUTE
};

const supports = {
	instance: true,
	swizzleAssign: false,
	storageBuffer: true
};

const wgslFnOpLib = {
	'^^': 'tsl_xor'
};

const wgslTypeLib = {
	float: 'f32',
	int: 'i32',
	uint: 'u32',
	bool: 'bool',
	color: 'vec3<f32>',

	vec2: 'vec2<f32>',
	ivec2: 'vec2<i32>',
	uvec2: 'vec2<u32>',
	bvec2: 'vec2<bool>',

	vec3: 'vec3<f32>',
	ivec3: 'vec3<i32>',
	uvec3: 'vec3<u32>',
	bvec3: 'vec3<bool>',

	vec4: 'vec4<f32>',
	ivec4: 'vec4<i32>',
	uvec4: 'vec4<u32>',
	bvec4: 'vec4<bool>',

	mat2: 'mat2x2<f32>',
	mat3: 'mat3x3<f32>',
	mat4: 'mat4x4<f32>'
};

const wgslCodeCache = {};

const wgslPolyfill = {
	tsl_xor: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_xor( a : bool, b : bool ) -> bool { return ( a || b ) && !( a && b ); }' ),
	mod_float: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_mod_float( x : f32, y : f32 ) -> f32 { return x - y * floor( x / y ); }' ),
	mod_vec2: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_mod_vec2( x : vec2f, y : vec2f ) -> vec2f { return x - y * floor( x / y ); }' ),
	mod_vec3: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_mod_vec3( x : vec3f, y : vec3f ) -> vec3f { return x - y * floor( x / y ); }' ),
	mod_vec4: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_mod_vec4( x : vec4f, y : vec4f ) -> vec4f { return x - y * floor( x / y ); }' ),
	equals_bool: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_equals_bool( a : bool, b : bool ) -> bool { return a == b; }' ),
	equals_bvec2: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_equals_bvec2( a : vec2f, b : vec2f ) -> vec2<bool> { return vec2<bool>( a.x == b.x, a.y == b.y ); }' ),
	equals_bvec3: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_equals_bvec3( a : vec3f, b : vec3f ) -> vec3<bool> { return vec3<bool>( a.x == b.x, a.y == b.y, a.z == b.z ); }' ),
	equals_bvec4: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_equals_bvec4( a : vec4f, b : vec4f ) -> vec4<bool> { return vec4<bool>( a.x == b.x, a.y == b.y, a.z == b.z, a.w == b.w ); }' ),
	repeatWrapping_float: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_repeatWrapping_float( coord: f32 ) -> f32 { return fract( coord ); }' ),
	mirrorWrapping_float: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_mirrorWrapping_float( coord: f32 ) -> f32 { let mirrored = fract( coord * 0.5 ) * 2.0; return 1.0 - abs( 1.0 - mirrored ); }' ),
	clampWrapping_float: new CodeNode( 'fn tsl_clampWrapping_float( coord: f32 ) -> f32 { return clamp( coord, 0.0, 1.0 ); }' ),
	inverse_mat2: new CodeNode( /* wgsl */`
fn tsl_inverse_mat2( m : mat2x2<f32> ) -> mat2x2<f32> {

	let det = m[ 0 ][ 0 ] * m[ 1 ][ 1 ] - m[ 0 ][ 1 ] * m[ 1 ][ 0 ];

	return mat2x2<f32>(
		m[ 1 ][ 1 ], - m[ 0 ][ 1 ],
		- m[ 1 ][ 0 ], m[ 0 ][ 0 ]
	) * ( 1.0 / det );

}
` ),
	inverse_mat3: new CodeNode( /* wgsl */`
fn tsl_inverse_mat3( m : mat3x3<f32> ) -> mat3x3<f32> {

	let a00 = m[ 0 ][ 0 ]; let a01 = m[ 0 ][ 1 ]; let a02 = m[ 0 ][ 2 ];
	let a10 = m[ 1 ][ 0 ]; let a11 = m[ 1 ][ 1 ]; let a12 = m[ 1 ][ 2 ];
	let a20 = m[ 2 ][ 0 ]; let a21 = m[ 2 ][ 1 ]; let a22 = m[ 2 ][ 2 ];

	let b01 = a22 * a11 - a12 * a21;
	let b11 = - a22 * a10 + a12 * a20;
	let b21 = a21 * a10 - a11 * a20;

	let det = a00 * b01 + a01 * b11 + a02 * b21;

	return mat3x3<f32>(
		b01, ( - a22 * a01 + a02 * a21 ), ( a12 * a01 - a02 * a11 ),
		b11, ( a22 * a00 - a02 * a20 ), ( - a12 * a00 + a02 * a10 ),
		b21, ( - a21 * a00 + a01 * a20 ), ( a11 * a00 - a01 * a10 )
	) * ( 1.0 / det );

}
` ),
	inverse_mat4: new CodeNode( /* wgsl */`
fn tsl_inverse_mat4( m : mat4x4<f32> ) -> mat4x4<f32> {

	let a00 = m[ 0 ][ 0 ]; let a01 = m[ 0 ][ 1 ]; let a02 = m[ 0 ][ 2 ]; let a03 = m[ 0 ][ 3 ];
	let a10 = m[ 1 ][ 0 ]; let a11 = m[ 1 ][ 1 ]; let a12 = m[ 1 ][ 2 ]; let a13 = m[ 1 ][ 3 ];
	let a20 = m[ 2 ][ 0 ]; let a21 = m[ 2 ][ 1 ]; let a22 = m[ 2 ][ 2 ]; let a23 = m[ 2 ][ 3 ];
	let a30 = m[ 3 ][ 0 ]; let a31 = m[ 3 ][ 1 ]; let a32 = m[ 3 ][ 2 ]; let a33 = m[ 3 ][ 3 ];

	let b00 = a00 * a11 - a01 * a10;
	let b01 = a00 * a12 - a02 * a10;
	let b02 = a00 * a13 - a03 * a10;
	let b03 = a01 * a12 - a02 * a11;
	let b04 = a01 * a13 - a03 * a11;
	let b05 = a02 * a13 - a03 * a12;
	let b06 = a20 * a31 - a21 * a30;
	let b07 = a20 * a32 - a22 * a30;
	let b08 = a20 * a33 - a23 * a30;
	let b09 = a21 * a32 - a22 * a31;
	let b10 = a21 * a33 - a23 * a31;
	let b11 = a22 * a33 - a23 * a32;

	let det = b00 * b11 - b01 * b10 + b02 * b09 + b03 * b08 - b04 * b07 + b05 * b06;

	return mat4x4<f32>(
		a11 * b11 - a12 * b10 + a13 * b09,
		a02 * b10 - a01 * b11 - a03 * b09,
		a31 * b05 - a32 * b04 + a33 * b03,
		a22 * b04 - a21 * b05 - a23 * b03,
		a12 * b08 - a10 * b11 - a13 * b07,
		a00 * b11 - a02 * b08 + a03 * b07,
		a32 * b02 - a30 * b05 - a33 * b01,
		a20 * b05 - a22 * b02 + a23 * b01,
		a10 * b10 - a11 * b08 + a13 * b06,
		a01 * b08 - a00 * b10 - a03 * b06,
		a30 * b04 - a31 * b02 + a33 * b00,
		a21 * b02 - a20 * b04 - a23 * b00,
		a11 * b07 - a10 * b09 - a12 * b06,
		a00 * b09 - a01 * b07 + a02 * b06,
		a31 * b01 - a30 * b03 - a32 * b00,
		a20 * b03 - a21 * b01 + a22 * b00
	) * ( 1.0 / det );

}
` ),
	biquadraticTexture: new CodeNode( /* wgsl */`
fn tsl_biquadraticTexture( map : texture_2d<f32>, coord : vec2f, iRes : vec2u, level : u32 ) -> vec4f {

	let res = vec2f( iRes );

	let uvScaled = coord * res;
	let uvWrapping = ( ( uvScaled % res ) + res ) % res;

	// https://www.shadertoy.com/view/WtyXRy

	let uv = uvWrapping - 0.5;
	let iuv = floor( uv );
	let f = fract( uv );

	let rg1 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 0.5, 0.5 ) ) % iRes, level );
	let rg2 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 1.5, 0.5 ) ) % iRes, level );
	let rg3 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 0.5, 1.5 ) ) % iRes, level );
	let rg4 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 1.5, 1.5 ) ) % iRes, level );

	return mix( mix( rg1, rg2, f.x ), mix( rg3, rg4, f.x ), f.y );

}
` ),
	biquadraticTextureArray: new CodeNode( /* wgsl */`
fn tsl_biquadraticTexture_array( map : texture_2d_array<f32>, coord : vec2f, iRes : vec2u, layer : u32, level : u32 ) -> vec4f {

	let res = vec2f( iRes );

	let uvScaled = coord * res;
	let uvWrapping = ( ( uvScaled % res ) + res ) % res;

	// https://www.shadertoy.com/view/WtyXRy

	let uv = uvWrapping - 0.5;
	let iuv = floor( uv );
	let f = fract( uv );

	let rg1 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 0.5, 0.5 ) ) % iRes, layer, level );
	let rg2 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 1.5, 0.5 ) ) % iRes, layer, level );
	let rg3 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 0.5, 1.5 ) ) % iRes, layer, level );
	let rg4 = textureLoad( map, vec2u( iuv + vec2( 1.5, 1.5 ) ) % iRes, layer, level );

	return mix( mix( rg1, rg2, f.x ), mix( rg3, rg4, f.x ), f.y );

}
` )
};

const wgslMethods = {
	dFdx: 'dpdx',
	dFdy: '- dpdy',
	mod_float: 'tsl_mod_float',
	mod_vec2: 'tsl_mod_vec2',
	mod_vec3: 'tsl_mod_vec3',
	mod_vec4: 'tsl_mod_vec4',
	equals_bool: 'tsl_equals_bool',
	equals_bvec2: 'tsl_equals_bvec2',
	equals_bvec3: 'tsl_equals_bvec3',
	equals_bvec4: 'tsl_equals_bvec4',
	inverse_mat2: 'tsl_inverse_mat2',
	inverse_mat3: 'tsl_inverse_mat3',
	inverse_mat4: 'tsl_inverse_mat4',
	inversesqrt: 'inverseSqrt',
	bitcast: 'bitcast<f32>',
	floatpack_snorm_2x16: 'pack2x16snorm',
	floatpack_unorm_2x16: 'pack2x16unorm',
	floatpack_float16_2x16: 'pack2x16float',
	floatunpack_snorm_2x16: 'unpack2x16snorm',
	floatunpack_unorm_2x16: 'unpack2x16unorm',
	floatunpack_float16_2x16: 'unpack2x16float'
};

// See: https://www.w3.org/TR/WGSL/#keyword-summary and #reserved-words-section

const wgslReservedKeywords = new Set( [
	// keywords
	'alias', 'break', 'case', 'const', 'const_assert', 'continue', 'continuing', 'default', 'diagnostic',
	'discard', 'else', 'enable', 'false', 'fn', 'for', 'if', 'let', 'loop', 'override', 'requires',
	'return', 'struct', 'switch', 'true', 'var', 'while',
	// reserved words
	'NULL', 'Self', 'abstract', 'active', 'alignas', 'alignof', 'as', 'asm', 'asm_fragment', 'async',
	'attribute', 'auto', 'await', 'become', 'binding_array', 'cast', 'catch', 'class', 'co_await',
	'co_return', 'co_yield', 'coherent', 'column_major', 'common', 'compile', 'compile_fragment',
	'concept', 'const_cast', 'consteval', 'constexpr', 'constinit', 'crate', 'debugger', 'decltype',
	'delete', 'demote', 'demote_to_helper', 'do', 'dynamic_cast', 'enum', 'explicit', 'export',
	'extends', 'extern', 'external', 'fallthrough', 'filter', 'final', 'finally', 'friend', 'from',
	'fxgroup', 'get', 'goto', 'groupshared', 'highp', 'impl', 'implements', 'import', 'inline',
	'instanceof', 'interface', 'layout', 'lowp', 'macro', 'macro_rules', 'match', 'mediump', 'meta',
	'mod', 'module', 'move', 'mut', 'mutable', 'namespace', 'new', 'nil', 'noexcept', 'noinline',
	'nointerpolation', 'non_coherent', 'noncoherent', 'noperspective', 'null', 'nullptr', 'of',
	'operator', 'package', 'packoffset', 'partition', 'pass', 'patch', 'pixelfragment', 'precise',
	'precision', 'premerge', 'priv', 'protected', 'pub', 'public', 'readonly', 'ref', 'regardless',
	'register', 'reinterpret_cast', 'require', 'resource', 'restrict', 'self', 'set', 'shared',
	'sizeof', 'smooth', 'snorm', 'static', 'static_assert', 'static_cast', 'std', 'subroutine',
	'super', 'target', 'template', 'this', 'thread_local', 'throw', 'trait', 'try', 'type', 'typedef',
	'typeid', 'typename', 'typeof', 'union', 'unless', 'unorm', 'unsafe', 'unsized', 'use', 'using',
	'varying', 'virtual', 'volatile', 'wgsl', 'where', 'with', 'writeonly', 'yield',
	// generated entry points
	'main'
] );

//

let diagnostics = '';

if ( ( typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && /Firefox|Deno/g.test( navigator.userAgent ) ) !== true ) {

	diagnostics += 'diagnostic( off, derivative_uniformity );\n';

}

/**
 * A node builder targeting WGSL.
 *
 * This module generates WGSL shader code from node materials and also
 * generates the respective bindings and vertex buffer definitions. These
 * data are later used by the renderer to create render and compute pipelines
 * for render objects.
 *
 * @augments NodeBuilder
 */
class WGSLNodeBuilder extends NodeBuilder {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new WGSL node builder renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 */
	constructor( object, renderer ) {

		super( object, renderer, new WGSLNodeParser() );

		/**
		 * A dictionary that holds for each shader stage ('vertex', 'fragment', 'compute')
		 * another dictionary which manages UBOs per group ('render','frame','object').
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Object<string,NodeUniformsGroup>>}
		 */
		this.uniformGroups = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary that holds the assigned binding indices for each uniform group.
		 * This ensures the same binding index is used across all shader stages.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,{index: number, id: number}>}
		 */
		this.uniformGroupsBindings = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary that holds for each shader stage a Map of builtins.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Map<string,Object>>}
		 */
		this.builtins = {};

		/**
		 * A dictionary that holds for each shader stage a Set of directives.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Set<string>>}
		 */
		this.directives = {};

		/**
		 * A map for managing scope arrays. Only relevant for when using
		 * {@link WorkgroupInfoNode} in context of compute shaders.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<string,Object>}
		 */
		this.scopedArrays = new Map();

		/**
		 * A flag that indicates that early returns are allowed.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.allowEarlyReturns = true;

		/**
		 * A flag that indicates that global variables are allowed.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.allowGlobalVariables = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for sampled textures.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	_generateTextureSample( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

			if ( depthSnippet ) {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSample( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSample( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } )`;

			} else {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSample( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSample( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet } )`;

			}

		} else {

			return this.generateTextureSampleLevel( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, '0', depthSnippet );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet when sampling textures with explicit mip level.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @param {string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureSampleLevel( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( this.isUnfilterable( texture ) === false ) {

			if ( depthSnippet ) {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet } )`;

			} else {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet } )`;

			}

		} else if ( this.isFilteredTexture( texture ) ) {

			return this.generateFilteredTexture( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, offsetSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet );

		} else {

			return this.generateTextureLod( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, levelSnippet );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a wrap function used in context of textures.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to generate the function for.
	 * @return {string} The name of the generated function.
	 */
	generateWrapFunction( texture ) {

		const functionName = `tsl_coord_${ wrapNames[ texture.wrapS ] }S_${ wrapNames[ texture.wrapT ] }T_${ texture.is3DTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ? '3d' : '2d' }`;

		let nodeCode = wgslCodeCache[ functionName ];

		if ( nodeCode === undefined ) {

			const includes = [];

			// For 3D textures, use vec3f; for texture arrays, keep vec2f since array index is separate
			const coordType = texture.is3DTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ? 'vec3f' : 'vec2f';
			let code = `fn ${ functionName }( coord : ${ coordType } ) -> ${ coordType } {\n\n\treturn ${ coordType }(\n`;

			const addWrapSnippet = ( wrap, axis ) => {

				if ( wrap === RepeatWrapping ) {

					includes.push( wgslPolyfill.repeatWrapping_float );

					code += `\t\ttsl_repeatWrapping_float( coord.${ axis } )`;

				} else if ( wrap === ClampToEdgeWrapping ) {

					includes.push( wgslPolyfill.clampWrapping_float );

					code += `\t\ttsl_clampWrapping_float( coord.${ axis } )`;

				} else if ( wrap === MirroredRepeatWrapping ) {

					includes.push( wgslPolyfill.mirrorWrapping_float );

					code += `\t\ttsl_mirrorWrapping_float( coord.${ axis } )`;

				} else {

					code += `\t\tcoord.${ axis }`;

					warn( `WebGPURenderer: Unsupported texture wrap type "${ wrap }" for vertex shader.` );

				}

			};

			addWrapSnippet( texture.wrapS, 'x' );

			code += ',\n';

			addWrapSnippet( texture.wrapT, 'y' );

			if ( texture.is3DTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ) {

				code += ',\n';
				addWrapSnippet( texture.wrapR, 'z' );

			}

			code += '\n\t);\n\n}\n';

			wgslCodeCache[ functionName ] = nodeCode = new CodeNode( code, includes );

		}

		nodeCode.build( this );

		return functionName;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the array declaration string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type.
	 * @param {?number} [count] - The count.
	 * @return {string} The generated value as a shader string.
	 */
	generateArrayDeclaration( type, count ) {

		return `array< ${ this.getType( type ) }, ${ count } >`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates a WGSL variable that holds the texture dimension of the given texture.
	 * It also returns information about the number of layers (elements) of an arrayed
	 * texture as well as the cube face count of cube textures.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to generate the function for.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the video texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @return {string} The name of the dimension variable.
	 */
	generateTextureDimension( texture, textureProperty, levelSnippet ) {

		const textureData = this.getDataFromNode( texture, this.shaderStage, this.cache );

		if ( textureData.dimensionsSnippet === undefined ) textureData.dimensionsSnippet = {};

		let textureDimensionNode = textureData.dimensionsSnippet[ levelSnippet ];

		if ( textureData.dimensionsSnippet[ levelSnippet ] === undefined ) {

			let textureDimensionsParams;
			let dimensionType;

			const { primarySamples } = this.renderer.backend.utils.getTextureSampleData( texture );
			const isMultisampled = primarySamples > 1;

			if ( texture.is3DTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ) {

				dimensionType = 'vec3<u32>';

			} else {

				// Regular 2D textures, depth textures, etc.
				dimensionType = 'vec2<u32>';

			}

			// Build parameters string based on texture type and multisampling
			if ( isMultisampled || texture.isStorageTexture ) {

				textureDimensionsParams = textureProperty;

			} else {

				textureDimensionsParams = `${textureProperty}${levelSnippet ? `, u32( ${ levelSnippet } )` : ''}`;

			}

			textureDimensionNode = new VarNode( new ExpressionNode( `textureDimensions( ${ textureDimensionsParams } )`, dimensionType ) );

			textureData.dimensionsSnippet[ levelSnippet ] = textureDimensionNode;

			if ( texture.isArrayTexture || texture.isDataArrayTexture || texture.is3DTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ) {

				textureData.arrayLayerCount = new VarNode(
					new ExpressionNode(
						`textureNumLayers(${textureProperty})`,
						'u32'
					)
				);

			}

			// For cube textures, we know it's always 6 faces
			if ( texture.isTextureCube ) {

				textureData.cubeFaceCount = new VarNode(
					new ExpressionNode( '6u', 'u32' )
				);

			}

		}

		return textureDimensionNode.build( this );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet that resolves the dimensions of the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureSize( texture, textureProperty, levelSnippet ) {

		const { primarySamples } = this.renderer.backend.utils.getTextureSampleData( texture );
		const isMultisampled = primarySamples > 1;

		const params = ( isMultisampled || texture.isStorageTexture ) ? textureProperty : `${ textureProperty }, ${ levelSnippet }`;

		return `textureDimensions( ${ params } )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for a manual filtered texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [levelSnippet='0u'] - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateFilteredTexture( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, offsetSnippet, levelSnippet = '0u', depthSnippet ) {

		const wrapFunction = this.generateWrapFunction( texture );
		const textureDimension = this.generateTextureDimension( texture, textureProperty, levelSnippet );

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			uvSnippet = `${ uvSnippet } + vec2<f32>(${ offsetSnippet }) / ${ textureDimension }`;

		}

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			this._include( 'biquadraticTextureArray' );

			return `tsl_biquadraticTexture_array( ${ textureProperty }, ${ wrapFunction }( ${ uvSnippet } ), ${ textureDimension }, u32( ${ depthSnippet } ), u32( ${ levelSnippet } ) )`;

		}

		this._include( 'biquadraticTexture' );

		return `tsl_biquadraticTexture( ${ textureProperty }, ${ wrapFunction }( ${ uvSnippet } ), ${ textureDimension }, u32( ${ levelSnippet } ) )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for a texture lookup with explicit level-of-detail.
	 * Since it's a lookup, no sampling or filtering is applied.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [levelSnippet='0u'] - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureLod( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, levelSnippet = '0u' ) {

		// Cube textures cannot use textureLoad in WGSL, must use textureSampleLevel
		if ( texture.isCubeTexture === true ) {

			if ( offsetSnippet ) {

				uvSnippet = `${ uvSnippet } + vec3<f32>(${ offsetSnippet })`;

			}

			// Depth textures require integer level, regular textures use float
			const levelType = texture.isDepthTexture ? 'u32' : 'f32';

			return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ levelType }( ${ levelSnippet } ) )`;

		}

		const wrapFunction = this.generateWrapFunction( texture );
		const textureDimension = this.generateTextureDimension( texture, textureProperty, levelSnippet );

		const vecType = texture.is3DTexture || texture.isData3DTexture ? 'vec3' : 'vec2';
		const textureDimensionMargin = ( vecType === 'vec3' ) ? 'vec3<u32>( 1, 1, 1 )' : 'vec2<u32>( 1, 1 )';

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			uvSnippet = `${ uvSnippet } + ${ vecType }<f32>(${ offsetSnippet }) / ${ vecType }<f32>( ${ textureDimension } )`;

		}

		const clampMin = `${ vecType }<f32>( 0 )`;
		const clampMax = `${ vecType }<f32>( ${ textureDimension } - ${ textureDimensionMargin } )`;

		uvSnippet = `${ vecType }<u32>( clamp( floor( ${ wrapFunction }( ${ uvSnippet } ) * ${ vecType }<f32>( ${ textureDimension } ) ), ${ clampMin }, ${ clampMax } ) )`;

		return this.generateTextureLoad( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, null );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet that reads a single texel from a storage texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvIndexSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} levelSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateStorageTextureLoad( texture, textureProperty, uvIndexSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			uvIndexSnippet = `${ uvIndexSnippet } + ${ offsetSnippet }`;

		}

		let snippet;

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			snippet = `textureLoad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } )`;

		} else {

			snippet = `textureLoad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet } )`;

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet that reads a single texel from a texture without sampling or filtering.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvIndexSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} levelSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureLoad( texture, textureProperty, uvIndexSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( levelSnippet === null ) levelSnippet = '0u';

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			uvIndexSnippet = `${ uvIndexSnippet } + ${ offsetSnippet }`;

		}

		let snippet;

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			snippet = `textureLoad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, u32( ${ levelSnippet } ) )`;

		} else {

			snippet = `textureLoad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet }, u32( ${ levelSnippet } ) )`;

			if ( this.renderer.backend.compatibilityMode && texture.isDepthTexture ) {

				snippet += '.x';

			}

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet that writes a single texel to a texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvIndexSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {string} valueSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represent the new texel value.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureStore( texture, textureProperty, uvIndexSnippet, depthSnippet, valueSnippet ) {

		let snippet;

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			snippet = `textureStore( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ valueSnippet } )`;

		} else {

			snippet = `textureStore( ${ textureProperty }, ${ uvIndexSnippet }, ${ valueSnippet } )`;

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the sampled values of the given texture should be compared against a reference value.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the sampled values of the given texture should be compared against a reference value or not.
	 */
	isSampleCompare( texture ) {

		return texture.isDepthTexture === true && texture.compareFunction !== null && this.renderer.hasCompatibility( Compatibility.TEXTURE_COMPARE );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given texture is unfilterable.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given texture is unfilterable or not.
	 */
	isUnfilterable( texture ) {

		return this.getComponentTypeFromTexture( texture ) !== 'float' ||
			( ! this.isAvailable( 'float32Filterable' ) && texture.type === FloatType ) ||
			( this.isSampleCompare( texture ) === false && texture.minFilter === NearestFilter && texture.magFilter === NearestFilter ) ||
			this.renderer.backend.utils.getTextureSampleData( texture ).primarySamples > 1 ||
			texture.normalized === true && ( texture.type === ShortType || texture.type === UnsignedShortType );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for sampling/loading the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTexture( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		let snippet = null;

		if ( this.isUnfilterable( texture ) ) {

			snippet = this.generateTextureLod( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, '0', shaderStage );

		} else {

			snippet = this._generateTextureSample( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, shaderStage );

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for sampling/loading the given texture using explicit gradients.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {Array<string>} gradSnippet - An array holding both gradient WGSL snippets.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureGrad( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, gradSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

			if ( depthSnippet ) {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleGrad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ gradSnippet[ 0 ] }, ${ gradSnippet[ 1 ] }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleGrad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ gradSnippet[ 0 ] }, ${ gradSnippet[ 1 ] } )`;

			} else {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleGrad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ gradSnippet[ 0 ] }, ${ gradSnippet[ 1 ] }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleGrad( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ gradSnippet[ 0 ] }, ${ gradSnippet[ 1 ] } )`;

			}

		} else {

			error( `WebGPURenderer: THREE.TextureNode.gradient() does not support ${ shaderStage } shader.` );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for sampling a depth texture and comparing the sampled depth values
	 * against a reference value.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} compareSnippet -  A WGSL snippet that represents the reference value.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureCompare( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, compareSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

			if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true && texture.isArrayTexture === true ) {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet } )`;

			}

			if ( offsetSnippet ) {

				return `textureSampleCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

			}

			return `textureSampleCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet } )`;

		} else {

			error( `WebGPURenderer: THREE.DepthTexture.compareFunction() does not support ${ shaderStage } shader.` );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for gathering four texels from the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} gatherSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the index of the channel to read.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {?string} flipYSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the y-flip. Only used for WebGL.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureGather( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, gatherSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		const componentSnippet = texture.isDepthTexture === true ? '' : `${gatherSnippet}, `;

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			if ( offsetSnippet ) {

				return `textureGather( ${componentSnippet}${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

			}

			return `textureGather( ${componentSnippet}${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet } )`;

		}

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			return `textureGather( ${componentSnippet}${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

		}

		return `textureGather( ${componentSnippet}${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet })`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet for performing a depth comparison on four texels in the given depth texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} compareSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the reference value.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {?string} flipYSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the y-flip. Only used for WebGL.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureGatherCompare( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, compareSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( depthSnippet ) {

			if ( offsetSnippet ) {

				return `textureGatherCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

			}

			return `textureGatherCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet })`;

		}

		if ( offsetSnippet ) {

			return `textureGatherCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

		}

		return `textureGatherCompare( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ compareSnippet })`;

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet when sampling textures with explicit mip level.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} levelSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the mip level, with level 0 containing a full size version of the texture.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureLevel( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet ) {

		if ( this.isUnfilterable( texture ) === false ) {

			if ( depthSnippet ) {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet } )`;

			} else {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleLevel( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ levelSnippet } )`;

			}

		} else if ( this.isFilteredTexture( texture ) ) {

			return this.generateFilteredTexture( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, offsetSnippet, levelSnippet, depthSnippet );

		} else {

			return this.generateTextureLod( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, levelSnippet );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Generates the WGSL snippet when sampling textures with a bias to the mip level.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {string} textureProperty - The name of the texture uniform in the shader.
	 * @param {string} uvSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents texture coordinates used for sampling.
	 * @param {string} biasSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the bias to apply to the mip level before sampling.
	 * @param {?string} depthSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents 0-based texture array index to sample.
	 * @param {?string} offsetSnippet - A WGSL snippet that represents the offset that will be applied to the unnormalized texture coordinate before sampling the texture.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet.
	 */
	generateTextureBias( texture, textureProperty, uvSnippet, biasSnippet, depthSnippet, offsetSnippet, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

			if ( depthSnippet ) {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleBias( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ biasSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleBias( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ depthSnippet }, ${ biasSnippet } )`;

			} else {

				if ( offsetSnippet ) {

					return `textureSampleBias( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ biasSnippet }, ${ offsetSnippet } )`;

				}

				return `textureSampleBias( ${ textureProperty }, ${ textureProperty }_sampler, ${ uvSnippet }, ${ biasSnippet } )`;

			}

		} else {

			error( `WebGPURenderer: THREE.TextureNode.biasNode does not support ${ shaderStage } shader.` );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WGSL snippet that represents the property name of the given node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node} node - The node.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The property name.
	 */
	getPropertyName( node, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		if ( node.isNodeVarying === true && node.needsInterpolation === true ) {

			if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

				return `varyings.${ node.name }`;

			}

		} else if ( node.isNodeUniform === true ) {

			const name = node.name;
			const type = node.type;

			if ( type === 'texture' || type === 'cubeTexture' || type === 'cubeDepthTexture' || type === 'storageTexture' || type === 'texture3D' ) {

				return name;

			} else if ( type === 'buffer' || type === 'storageBuffer' || type === 'indirectStorageBuffer' ) {

				if ( this.isCustomStruct( node ) ) {

					return name;

				}

				return name + '.value';

			} else {

				return node.groupNode.name + '.' + name;

			}

		}

		return super.getPropertyName( node );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the given name is a reserved keyword of WGSL.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The name to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the name is a reserved keyword or not.
	 */
	isReservedKeyword( name ) {

		return wgslReservedKeywords.has( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the output struct name.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The name of the output struct.
	 */
	getOutputStructName() {

		return 'output';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native shader operator name for a given generic name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} op - The operator name to resolve.
	 * @return {?string} The resolved operator name.
	 */
	getFunctionOperator( op ) {

		const fnOp = wgslFnOpLib[ op ];

		if ( fnOp !== undefined ) {

			this._include( fnOp );

			return fnOp;

		}

		return null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the node access for the given node and shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageTextureNode|StorageBufferNode} node - The storage node.
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The node access.
	 */
	getNodeAccess( node, shaderStage ) {

		if ( shaderStage !== 'compute' ) {

			if ( node.isAtomic === true ) {

				warn( 'WebGPURenderer: Atomic operations are only supported in compute shaders.' );

				return NodeAccess.READ_WRITE;

			}

			return NodeAccess.READ_ONLY;

		}

		return node.access;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns A WGSL snippet representing the storage access.
	 *
	 * @param {StorageTextureNode|StorageBufferNode} node - The storage node.
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet representing the storage access.
	 */
	getStorageAccess( node, shaderStage ) {

		return accessNames[ this.getNodeAccess( node, shaderStage ) ];

	}

	/**
	 * This method is one of the more important ones since it's responsible
	 * for generating a matching binding instance for the given uniform node.
	 *
	 * These bindings are later used in the renderer to create bind groups
	 * and layouts.
	 *
	 * @param {UniformNode} node - The uniform node.
	 * @param {string} type - The node data type.
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - An optional uniform name.
	 * @return {NodeUniform} The node uniform object.
	 */
	getUniformFromNode( node, type, shaderStage, name = null ) {

		const uniformNode = super.getUniformFromNode( node, type, shaderStage, name );
		const nodeData = this.getDataFromNode( node, shaderStage, this.globalCache );

		if ( nodeData.uniformGPU === undefined ) {

			let uniformGPU;

			const group = node.groupNode;
			const groupName = group.name;

			const bindings = this.getBindGroupArray( groupName, shaderStage );

			if ( type === 'texture' || type === 'cubeTexture' || type === 'cubeDepthTexture' || type === 'storageTexture' || type === 'texture3D' ) {

				let texture = null;

				const access = this.getNodeAccess( node, shaderStage );

				if ( type === 'texture' || type === 'storageTexture' ) {

					if ( node.value.is3DTexture === true ) {

						texture = new NodeSampledTexture3D( uniformNode.name, uniformNode.node, group, access );

					} else {

						texture = new NodeSampledTexture( uniformNode.name, uniformNode.node, group, access );

					}

				} else if ( type === 'cubeTexture' || type === 'cubeDepthTexture' ) {

					texture = new NodeSampledCubeTexture( uniformNode.name, uniformNode.node, group, access );

				} else if ( type === 'texture3D' ) {

					texture = new NodeSampledTexture3D( uniformNode.name, uniformNode.node, group, access );

				}

				texture.store = node.isStorageTextureNode === true;
				texture.mipLevel = texture.store ? node.mipLevel : 0;
				texture.setVisibility( gpuShaderStageLib[ shaderStage ] );

				// Cube textures always need samplers (they use textureSampleLevel, not textureLoad)
				// Also textureGather always need sampler.
				const needsSampler = node.value.isCubeTexture === true || ( this.isUnfilterable( node.value ) === false && texture.store === false ) || node.gatherNode !== null;

				if ( needsSampler ) {

					const sampler = new NodeSampler( `${ uniformNode.name }_sampler`, uniformNode.node, group );
					sampler.setVisibility( gpuShaderStageLib[ shaderStage ] );

					bindings.push( sampler, texture );

					uniformGPU = [ sampler, texture ];

				} else {

					bindings.push( texture );

					uniformGPU = [ texture ];

				}

			} else if ( type === 'buffer' || type === 'storageBuffer' || type === 'indirectStorageBuffer' ) {

				const sharedData = this.getSharedDataFromNode( node );

				let buffer = sharedData.buffer;

				if ( buffer === undefined ) {

					const bufferClass = type === 'buffer' ? NodeUniformBuffer : NodeStorageBuffer;

					buffer = new bufferClass( node, group );

					sharedData.buffer = buffer;

				}

				buffer.setVisibility( buffer.getVisibility() | gpuShaderStageLib[ shaderStage ] );

				bindings.push( buffer );

				uniformGPU = buffer;

				uniformNode.name = name ? name : 'NodeBuffer_' + uniformNode.id;

			} else {

				let uniformsGroup = this.uniformGroups[ groupName ];

				if ( uniformsGroup === undefined ) {

					uniformsGroup = new NodeUniformsGroup( groupName, group );
					uniformsGroup.setVisibility( GPUShaderStage.VERTEX | GPUShaderStage.FRAGMENT | GPUShaderStage.COMPUTE );

					this.uniformGroups[ groupName ] = uniformsGroup;

				}

				// Add to bindings for this stage if not already present
				if ( bindings.indexOf( uniformsGroup ) === -1 ) {

					bindings.push( uniformsGroup );

				}

				uniformGPU = this.getNodeUniform( uniformNode, type );

				// Only add uniform if not already present in the group (check by name to avoid duplicates across stages)
				const uniformName = uniformGPU.name;
				const alreadyExists = uniformsGroup.uniforms.some( u => u.name === uniformName );

				if ( ! alreadyExists ) {

					uniformsGroup.addUniform( uniformGPU );

				}

			}

			nodeData.uniformGPU = uniformGPU;

		}

		return uniformNode;

	}

	/**
	 * This method should be used whenever builtins are required in nodes.
	 * The internal builtins data structure will make sure builtins are
	 * defined in the WGSL source.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The builtin name.
	 * @param {string} property - The property name.
	 * @param {string} type - The node data type.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {string} The property name.
	 */
	getBuiltin( name, property, type, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		const map = this.builtins[ shaderStage ] || ( this.builtins[ shaderStage ] = new Map() );

		if ( map.has( name ) === false ) {

			map.set( name, {
				name,
				property,
				type
			} );

		}

		return property;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given builtin is defined in the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The builtin name.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage this code snippet is generated for.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the given builtin is defined in the given shader stage or not.
	 */
	hasBuiltin( name, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		return ( this.builtins[ shaderStage ] !== undefined && this.builtins[ shaderStage ].has( name ) );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vertex index builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The vertex index.
	 */
	getVertexIndex() {

		if ( this.shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

			return this.getBuiltin( 'vertex_index', 'vertexIndex', 'u32', 'attribute' );

		}

		return 'vertexIndex';

	}

	/**
	 * Builds the given shader node.
	 *
	 * @param {ShaderNodeInternal} shaderNode - The shader node.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL function code.
	 */
	buildFunctionCode( shaderNode ) {

		const layout = shaderNode.layout;
		const flowData = this.flowShaderNode( shaderNode );

		const parameters = [];

		for ( const input of layout.inputs ) {

			parameters.push( input.name + ' : ' + this.getType( input.type ) );

		}

		//

		let code = `fn ${ layout.name }( ${ parameters.join( ', ' ) } ) -> ${ this.getType( layout.type ) } {
${ flowData.vars }
${ flowData.code }
`;

		if ( flowData.result ) {

			code += `\treturn ${ flowData.result };\n`;

		}

		code += '\n}\n';

		//

		return code;

	}

	/**
	 * Contextually returns either the vertex stage instance index builtin
	 * or the linearized index of an compute invocation within a grid of workgroups.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The instance index.
	 */
	getInstanceIndex() {

		if ( this.shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

			return this.getBuiltin( 'instance_index', 'instanceIndex', 'u32', 'attribute' );

		}

		return 'instanceIndex';

	}


	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the index of a compute invocation within the scope of a workgroup load.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The invocation local index.
	 */
	getInvocationLocalIndex() {

		return this.getBuiltin( 'local_invocation_index', 'invocationLocalIndex', 'u32', 'attribute' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the size of a subgroup within the current shader.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The subgroup size.
	 */
	getSubgroupSize() {

		this.enableSubGroups();

		return this.getBuiltin( 'subgroup_size', 'subgroupSize', 'u32', 'attribute' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the index of a compute invocation within the scope of a subgroup.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The invocation subgroup index.
	 */
	getInvocationSubgroupIndex() {

		this.enableSubGroups();

		return this.getBuiltin( 'subgroup_invocation_id', 'invocationSubgroupIndex', 'u32', 'attribute' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a builtin representing the index of a compute invocation's subgroup within its workgroup.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The subgroup index.
	 */
	getSubgroupIndex() {

		this.enableSubGroups();

		return this.getBuiltin( 'subgroup_id', 'subgroupIndex', 'u32', 'attribute' );

	}

	/**
	 * Overwritten as a NOP since this method is intended for the WebGL 2 backend.
	 *
	 * @return {null} Null.
	 */
	getDrawIndex() {

		return null;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the front facing builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The front facing builtin.
	 */
	getFrontFacing() {

		return this.getBuiltin( 'front_facing', 'isFront', 'bool' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the frag coord builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The frag coord builtin.
	 */
	getFragCoord() {

		return this.getBuiltin( 'position', 'fragCoord', 'vec4<f32>' ) + '.xy';

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the frag depth builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The frag depth builtin.
	 */
	getFragDepth() {

		return 'output.' + this.getBuiltin( 'frag_depth', 'depth', 'f32', 'output' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clip distances builtin.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The clip distances builtin.
	 */
	getClipDistance() {

		return 'varyings.hw_clip_distances';

	}

	/**
	 * Whether to flip texture data along its vertical axis or not.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} Returns always `false` in context of WGSL.
	 */
	isFlipY() {

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the given directive for the given shader stage.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The directive name.
	 * @param {string} [shaderStage=this.shaderStage] - The shader stage to enable the directive for.
	 */
	enableDirective( name, shaderStage = this.shaderStage ) {

		const stage = this.directives[ shaderStage ] || ( this.directives[ shaderStage ] = new Set() );
		stage.add( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the directives of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} A WGSL snippet that enables the directives of the given stage.
	 */
	getDirectives( shaderStage ) {

		const snippets = [];
		const directives = this.directives[ shaderStage ];

		if ( directives !== undefined ) {

			for ( const directive of directives ) {

				snippets.push( `enable ${directive};` );

			}

		}

		return snippets.join( '\n' );

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the 'subgroups' directive.
	 */
	enableSubGroups() {

		this.enableDirective( 'subgroups' );

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the 'subgroups-f16' directive.
	 */
	enableSubgroupsF16() {

		this.enableDirective( 'subgroups-f16' );

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the 'clip_distances' directive.
	 */
	enableClipDistances() {

		this.enableDirective( 'clip_distances' );

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the 'f16' directive.
	 */
	enableShaderF16() {

		this.enableDirective( 'f16' );

	}

	/**
	 * Enables the 'dual_source_blending' directive.
	 */
	enableDualSourceBlending() {

		this.enableDirective( 'dual_source_blending' );

	}

	/**
	 * Enables hardware clipping.
	 *
	 * @param {string} planeCount - The clipping plane count.
	 */
	enableHardwareClipping( planeCount ) {

		this.enableClipDistances();
		this.getBuiltin( 'clip_distances', 'hw_clip_distances', `array<f32, ${ planeCount } >`, 'vertex' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the builtins of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} A WGSL snippet that represents the builtins of the given stage.
	 */
	getBuiltins( shaderStage ) {

		const snippets = [];
		const builtins = this.builtins[ shaderStage ];

		if ( builtins !== undefined ) {

			for ( const { name, property, type } of builtins.values() ) {

				snippets.push( `@builtin( ${name} ) ${property} : ${type}` );

			}

		}

		return snippets.join( ',\n\t' );

	}

	/**
	 * This method should be used when a new scoped buffer is used in context of
	 * compute shaders. It adds the array to the internal data structure which is
	 * later used to generate the respective WGSL.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The array name.
	 * @param {string} scope - The scope.
	 * @param {string} bufferType - The buffer type.
	 * @param {string} bufferCount - The buffer count.
	 * @return {string} The array name.
	 */
	getScopedArray( name, scope, bufferType, bufferCount ) {

		if ( this.scopedArrays.has( name ) === false ) {

			this.scopedArrays.set( name, {
				name,
				scope,
				bufferType,
				bufferCount
			} );

		}

		return name;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the scoped arrays of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string|undefined} The WGSL snippet that defines the scoped arrays.
	 * Returns `undefined` when used in the vertex or fragment stage.
	 */
	getScopedArrays( shaderStage ) {

		if ( shaderStage !== 'compute' ) {

			return;

		}

		const snippets = [];

		for ( const { name, scope, bufferType, bufferCount } of this.scopedArrays.values() ) {

			const type = this.getType( bufferType );

			snippets.push( `var<${scope}> ${name}: array< ${type}, ${bufferCount} >;` );

		}

		return snippets.join( '\n' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the shader attributes of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet that defines the shader attributes.
	 */
	getAttributes( shaderStage ) {

		const snippets = [];

		if ( shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			this.getBuiltin( 'global_invocation_id', 'globalId', 'vec3<u32>', 'attribute' );
			this.getBuiltin( 'workgroup_id', 'workgroupId', 'vec3<u32>', 'attribute' );
			this.getBuiltin( 'local_invocation_id', 'localId', 'vec3<u32>', 'attribute' );
			this.getBuiltin( 'num_workgroups', 'numWorkgroups', 'vec3<u32>', 'attribute' );

			if ( this.renderer.hasFeature( 'subgroups' ) ) {

				this.enableDirective( 'subgroups', shaderStage );
				this.getBuiltin( 'subgroup_size', 'subgroupSize', 'u32', 'attribute' );

			}

		}

		if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' || shaderStage === 'compute' ) {

			const builtins = this.getBuiltins( 'attribute' );

			if ( builtins ) snippets.push( builtins );

			const attributes = this.getAttributesArray();

			for ( let index = 0, length = attributes.length; index < length; index ++ ) {

				const attribute = attributes[ index ];
				const name = attribute.name;
				const type = this.getType( attribute.type );

				snippets.push( `@location( ${index} ) ${ name } : ${ type }` );

			}

		}

		return snippets.join( ',\n\t' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the members of the given struct type node as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {StructTypeNode} struct - The struct type node.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet that defines the struct members.
	 */
	getStructMembers( struct ) {

		const snippets = [];

		for ( const member of struct.members ) {

			const prefix = struct.output ? '@location( ' + member.index + ' ) ' : '';

			let type = this.getType( member.type );

			if ( member.atomic ) {

				type = 'atomic< ' + type + ' >';

			}

			snippets.push( `\t${ prefix + member.name } : ${ type }` );

		}

		if ( struct.output ) {

			snippets.push( `\t${ this.getBuiltins( 'output' ) }` );

		}

		return snippets.join( ',\n' );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the structs of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet that defines the structs.
	 */
	getStructs( shaderStage ) {

		let result = '';

		const structs = this.structs[ shaderStage ];

		if ( structs.length > 0 ) {

			const snippets = [];

			for ( const struct of structs ) {

				let snippet = `struct ${ struct.name } {\n`;
				snippet += this.getStructMembers( struct );
				snippet += '\n};';

				snippets.push( snippet );

			}

			result = '\n' + snippets.join( '\n\n' ) + '\n';

		}

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WGSL string representing a variable.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The variable's type.
	 * @param {string} name - The variable's name.
	 * @param {?number} [count=null] - The array length.
	 * @param {string} [qualifier=''] - The variable's qualifier.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet that defines a variable.
	 */
	getVar( type, name, count = null, qualifier = '' ) {

		let snippet = `var${ qualifier } ${ name } : `;

		if ( count !== null ) {

			snippet += this.generateArrayDeclaration( type, count );

		} else {

			snippet += this.getType( type );

		}

		return snippet;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the variables of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet that defines the variables.
	 */
	getVars( shaderStage, global = false ) {

		let qualifier = '';

		if ( global ) {

			qualifier = '<private>';

		}

		const snippets = [];
		const vars = this.vars[ shaderStage ];

		if ( vars !== undefined ) {

			for ( const variable of vars ) {

				snippets.push( `${ this.getVar( variable.type, variable.name, variable.count, qualifier ) };` );

			}

		}

		return global ? snippets.join( '\n' ) : `\n\t${ snippets.join( '\n\t' ) }\n`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the varyings of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet that defines the varyings.
	 */
	getVaryings( shaderStage ) {

		const snippets = [];

		if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

			this.getBuiltin( 'position', 'builtinClipSpace', 'vec4<f32>', 'vertex' );

		}

		if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' || shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

			const varyings = this.varyings;
			const vars = this.vars[ shaderStage ];

			let varyingIndex = 0;

			for ( let index = 0; index < varyings.length; index ++ ) {

				const varying = varyings[ index ];

				if ( varying.needsInterpolation ) {

					let attributesSnippet = `@location( ${ varyingIndex ++ } )`;

					if ( varying.interpolationType ) {

						const samplingSnippet = varying.interpolationSampling !== null ? `, ${ varying.interpolationSampling } )` : ' )';

						attributesSnippet += ` @interpolate( ${ varying.interpolationType }${ samplingSnippet }`;

						// Otherwise, optimize interpolation when sensible

					} else if ( /^(int|uint|ivec|uvec)/.test( varying.type ) ) {

						attributesSnippet += ' @interpolate(flat, either)';

					}

					snippets.push( `${ attributesSnippet } ${ varying.name } : ${ this.getType( varying.type ) }` );

				} else if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' && vars.includes( varying ) === false ) {

					vars.push( varying );

				}

			}

		}

		const builtins = this.getBuiltins( shaderStage );

		if ( builtins ) snippets.push( builtins );

		const code = snippets.join( ',\n\t' );

		return shaderStage === 'vertex' ? this._getWGSLStruct( 'VaryingsStruct', '\t' + code ) : code;

	}

	isCustomStruct( nodeUniform ) {

		const attribute = nodeUniform.value;
		const bufferNode = nodeUniform.node;

		const isAttributeStructType = ( attribute.isBufferAttribute || attribute.isInstancedBufferAttribute ) && bufferNode.structTypeNode !== null;

		const isStructArray =
			( bufferNode.value && bufferNode.value.array ) &&
			( typeof bufferNode.value.itemSize === 'number' && bufferNode.value.array.length > bufferNode.value.itemSize );

		return isAttributeStructType && ! isStructArray;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the uniforms of the given shader stage as a WGSL string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} shaderStage - The shader stage.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet that defines the uniforms.
	 */
	getUniforms( shaderStage ) {

		const backend = this.renderer.backend;
		const uniforms = this.uniforms[ shaderStage ];

		const bindingSnippets = [];
		const bufferSnippets = [];
		const structSnippets = [];
		const uniformGroups = {};

		for ( const uniform of uniforms ) {

			const groupName = uniform.groupNode.name;
			const uniformIndexes = this.bindingsIndexes[ groupName ];

			if ( uniform.type === 'texture' || uniform.type === 'cubeTexture' || uniform.type === 'cubeDepthTexture' || uniform.type === 'storageTexture' || uniform.type === 'texture3D' ) {

				const textureNode = uniform.node;
				const texture = textureNode.value;

				// Cube textures always need samplers (they use textureSampleLevel, not textureLoad)
				// Also textureGather always need sampler.
				const needsSampler = texture.isCubeTexture === true || ( this.isUnfilterable( texture ) === false && textureNode.isStorageTextureNode !== true ) || textureNode.gatherNode !== null;

				if ( needsSampler ) {

					if ( this.isSampleCompare( texture ) && textureNode.compareNode !== null ) {

						bindingSnippets.push( `@binding( ${ uniformIndexes.binding ++ } ) @group( ${ uniformIndexes.group } ) var ${ uniform.name }_sampler : sampler_comparison;` );

					} else {

						bindingSnippets.push( `@binding( ${ uniformIndexes.binding ++ } ) @group( ${ uniformIndexes.group } ) var ${ uniform.name }_sampler : sampler;` );

					}

				}

				let textureType;

				let multisampled = '';

				const { primarySamples } = backend.utils.getTextureSampleData( texture );

				if ( primarySamples > 1 ) {

					multisampled = '_multisampled';

				}

				if ( texture.isCubeTexture === true && texture.isDepthTexture === true ) {

					textureType = 'texture_depth_cube';

				} else if ( texture.isCubeTexture === true ) {

					textureType = 'texture_cube<f32>';

				} else if ( texture.isDepthTexture === true ) {

					if ( backend.compatibilityMode && texture.compareFunction === null ) {

						textureType = `texture${ multisampled }_2d<f32>`;

					} else {

						textureType = `texture_depth${ multisampled }_2d${ texture.isArrayTexture === true ? '_array' : '' }`;

					}

				} else if ( uniform.node.isStorageTextureNode === true ) {

					const format = getFormat( texture, backend.device );
					const access = this.getStorageAccess( uniform.node, shaderStage );

					const is3D = uniform.node.value.is3DTexture;
					const isArrayTexture = uniform.node.value.isArrayTexture;

					const dimension = is3D ? '3d' : `2d${ isArrayTexture ? '_array' : '' }`;

					textureType = `texture_storage_${ dimension }<${ format }, ${ access }>`;

				} else if ( texture.isArrayTexture === true || texture.isDataArrayTexture === true || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture === true ) {

					textureType = 'texture_2d_array<f32>';

				} else if ( texture.is3DTexture === true || texture.isData3DTexture === true ) {

					textureType = 'texture_3d<f32>';

				} else {

					const componentPrefix = this.getComponentTypeFromTexture( texture ).charAt( 0 );

					textureType = `texture${ multisampled }_2d<${ componentPrefix }32>`;

				}

				bindingSnippets.push( `@binding( ${ uniformIndexes.binding ++ } ) @group( ${ uniformIndexes.group } ) var ${ uniform.name } : ${ textureType };` );

			} else if ( uniform.type === 'buffer' || uniform.type === 'storageBuffer' || uniform.type === 'indirectStorageBuffer' ) {

				const bufferNode = uniform.node;
				const bufferType = this.getType( bufferNode.getNodeType( this ) );
				const bufferCount = bufferNode.bufferCount;
				const bufferCountSnippet = bufferCount > 0 && uniform.type === 'buffer' ? ', ' + bufferCount : '';
				const bufferAccessMode = bufferNode.isStorageBufferNode ? `storage, ${ this.getStorageAccess( bufferNode, shaderStage ) }` : 'uniform';

				if ( this.isCustomStruct( uniform ) ) {

					bufferSnippets.push( `@binding( ${ uniformIndexes.binding ++ } ) @group( ${ uniformIndexes.group } ) var<${ bufferAccessMode }> ${ uniform.name } : ${ bufferType };` );

				} else {

					const bufferTypeSnippet = bufferNode.isAtomic ? `atomic<${ bufferType }>` : `${ bufferType }`;
					const bufferSnippet = `\tvalue : array< ${ bufferTypeSnippet }${ bufferCountSnippet } >`;

					bufferSnippets.push( this._getWGSLStructBinding( uniform.name, bufferSnippet, bufferAccessMode, uniformIndexes.binding ++, uniformIndexes.group ) );

				}

			} else {

				const groupName = uniform.groupNode.name;

				// Check if this group has already been processed in this shader stage
				if ( uniformGroups[ groupName ] === undefined ) {

					// Get the shared uniform group that contains uniforms from all stages
					const sharedUniformGroup = this.uniformGroups[ groupName ];

					if ( sharedUniformGroup !== undefined ) {

						// Generate snippets for ALL uniforms in this shared group
						const snippets = [];

						for ( const sharedUniform of sharedUniformGroup.uniforms ) {

							const type = sharedUniform.getType();
							const vectorType = this.getType( this.getVectorType( type ) );
							snippets.push( `\t${ sharedUniform.name } : ${ vectorType }` );

						}

						// Check if this group already has an assigned binding index (from another shader stage)
						let groupBinding = this.uniformGroupsBindings[ groupName ];

						if ( groupBinding === undefined ) {

							// First time processing this group - assign a new binding index
							groupBinding = {
								index: uniformIndexes.binding ++,
								id: uniformIndexes.group
							};

							this.uniformGroupsBindings[ groupName ] = groupBinding;

						}

						uniformGroups[ groupName ] = {
							index: groupBinding.index,
							id: groupBinding.id,
							snippets: snippets
						};

					}

				}

			}

		}

		for ( const name in uniformGroups ) {

			const group = uniformGroups[ name ];

			structSnippets.push( this._getWGSLStructBinding( name, group.snippets.join( ',\n' ), 'uniform', group.index, group.id ) );

		}

		const code = [ ...bindingSnippets, ...bufferSnippets, ...structSnippets ].join( '\n' );

		return code;

	}

	/**
	 * Controls the code build of the shader stages.
	 */
	buildCode() {

		const shadersData = this.material !== null ? { fragment: {}, vertex: {} } : { compute: {} };

		this.sortBindingGroups();

		for ( const shaderStage in shadersData ) {

			this.shaderStage = shaderStage;

			const allowGlobal = this.allowGlobalVariables;

			const stageData = shadersData[ shaderStage ];
			stageData.uniforms = this.getUniforms( shaderStage );
			stageData.attributes = this.getAttributes( shaderStage );
			stageData.varyings = this.getVaryings( shaderStage );
			stageData.structs = this.getStructs( shaderStage );
			stageData.vars = this.getVars( shaderStage, allowGlobal );
			stageData.codes = this.getCodes( shaderStage );
			stageData.directives = this.getDirectives( shaderStage );
			stageData.scopedArrays = this.getScopedArrays( shaderStage );

			//

			let flow = '// code\n\n';
			flow += this.flowCode[ shaderStage ];

			const flowNodes = this.flowNodes[ shaderStage ];
			const mainNode = flowNodes[ flowNodes.length - 1 ];

			const outputNode = mainNode.outputNode;
			const isOutputStruct = ( outputNode !== undefined && outputNode.isOutputStructNode === true );

			for ( const node of flowNodes ) {

				const flowSlotData = this.getFlowData( node/*, shaderStage*/ );
				const slotName = node.name;

				if ( slotName ) {

					if ( flow.length > 0 ) flow += '\n';

					flow += `\t// flow -> ${ slotName }\n`;

				}

				flow += `${ flowSlotData.code }\n\t`;

				if ( node === mainNode && shaderStage !== 'compute' ) {

					flow += '// result\n\n\t';

					if ( shaderStage === 'vertex' ) {

						flow += `varyings.builtinClipSpace = ${ flowSlotData.result };`;

					} else if ( shaderStage === 'fragment' ) {

						if ( isOutputStruct ) {

							stageData.returnType = outputNode.getNodeType( this );
							stageData.structs += 'var<private> output : ' + stageData.returnType + ';';

							flow += `return ${ flowSlotData.result };`;

						} else {

							let structSnippet = `\t@location( 0 ) color: ${ this.getType( this.getOutputType() ) }`;

							const builtins = this.getBuiltins( 'output' );

							if ( builtins ) structSnippet += ',\n\t' + builtins;

							stageData.returnType = 'OutputStruct';
							stageData.structs += this._getWGSLStruct( 'OutputStruct', structSnippet );
							stageData.structs += '\nvar<private> output : OutputStruct;';

							flow += `output.color = ${ this.format( flowSlotData.result, mainNode.getNodeType( this ), this.getOutputType() ) };\n\n\treturn output;`;

						}

					}

				}

			}

			stageData.flow = flow;

		}

		this.shaderStage = null;

		if ( this.material !== null ) {

			this.vertexShader = this._getWGSLVertexCode( shadersData.vertex );
			this.fragmentShader = this._getWGSLFragmentCode( shadersData.fragment );

		} else {

			// Early strictly validated in computeNode

			const workgroupSize = this.object.workgroupSize;

			this.computeShader = this._getWGSLComputeCode( shadersData.compute, workgroupSize );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native shader method name for a given generic name.
	 *
	 * @param {string} method - The method name to resolve.
	 * @param {?string} [output=null] - An optional output.
	 * @return {string} The resolved WGSL method name.
	 */
	getMethod( method, output = null ) {

		let wgslMethod;

		if ( output !== null ) {

			wgslMethod = this._getWGSLMethod( method + '_' + output );

		}

		if ( wgslMethod === undefined ) {

			wgslMethod = this._getWGSLMethod( method );

		}

		return wgslMethod || method;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the bitcast method name for a given input and outputType.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The output type to bitcast to.
	 * @return {string} The resolved WGSL bitcast invocation.
	 */
	getBitcastMethod( type ) {

		const dataType = this.getType( type );

		return `bitcast<${ dataType }>`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the float packing method name for a given numeric encoding.
	 *
	 * @param {string} encoding - The numeric encoding that describes how the float values are mapped to the integer range.
	 * @returns {string} The resolve WGSL float packing method name.
	 */
	getFloatPackingMethod( encoding ) {

		return this.getMethod( `floatpack_${ encoding }_2x16` );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the float unpacking method name for a given numeric encoding.
	 *
	 * @param {string} encoding - The numeric encoding that describes how the integer values are mapped to the float range.
	 * @returns {string} The resolve WGSL float unpacking method name.
	 */
	getFloatUnpackingMethod( encoding ) {

		return this.getMethod( `floatunpack_${ encoding }_2x16` );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native snippet for a ternary operation.
	 *
	 * @param {string} condSnippet - The condition determining which expression gets resolved.
	 * @param {string} ifSnippet - The expression to resolve to if the condition is true.
	 * @param {string} elseSnippet - The expression to resolve to if the condition is false.
	 * @return {string} The resolved method name.
	 */
	getTernary( condSnippet, ifSnippet, elseSnippet ) {

		return `select( ${elseSnippet}, ${ifSnippet}, ${condSnippet} )`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the WGSL type of the given node data type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The node data type.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL type.
	 */
	getType( type ) {

		return wgslTypeLib[ type ] || type;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the requested feature is available or not.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The requested feature.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the requested feature is supported or not.
	 */
	isAvailable( name ) {

		let result = supports[ name ];

		if ( result === undefined ) {

			if ( name === 'float32Filterable' ) {

				result = this.renderer.hasFeature( 'float32-filterable' );

			} else if ( name === 'clipDistance' ) {

				result = this.renderer.hasFeature( 'clip-distances' );

			}

			supports[ name ] = result;

		}

		return result;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the native shader method name for a given generic name.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} method - The method name to resolve.
	 * @return {string} The resolved WGSL method name.
	 */
	_getWGSLMethod( method ) {

		if ( wgslPolyfill[ method ] !== undefined ) {

			this._include( method );

		}

		return wgslMethods[ method ];

	}

	/**
	 * Includes the given method name into the current
	 * function node.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} name - The method name to include.
	 * @return {CodeNode} The respective code node.
	 */
	_include( name ) {

		const codeNode = wgslPolyfill[ name ];
		codeNode.build( this );

		this.addInclude( codeNode );

		return codeNode;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WGSL vertex shader based on the given shader data.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} shaderData - The shader data.
	 * @return {string} The vertex shader.
	 */
	_getWGSLVertexCode( shaderData ) {

		return `${ this.getSignature() }
// directives
${shaderData.directives}

// structs
${shaderData.structs}

// uniforms
${shaderData.uniforms}

// varyings
${shaderData.varyings}
var<private> varyings : VaryingsStruct;

// vars
${shaderData.vars}

// codes
${shaderData.codes}

@vertex
fn main( ${shaderData.attributes} ) -> VaryingsStruct {

	// flow
	${shaderData.flow}

	return varyings;

}
`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WGSL fragment shader based on the given shader data.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} shaderData - The shader data.
	 * @return {string} The vertex shader.
	 */
	_getWGSLFragmentCode( shaderData ) {

		return `${ this.getSignature() }
// global
${ diagnostics }

// structs
${shaderData.structs}

// uniforms
${shaderData.uniforms}

// vars
${shaderData.vars}

// codes
${shaderData.codes}

@fragment
fn main( ${shaderData.varyings} ) -> ${shaderData.returnType} {

	// flow
	${shaderData.flow}

}
`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WGSL compute shader based on the given shader data.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object} shaderData - The shader data.
	 * @param {string} workgroupSize - The workgroup size.
	 * @return {string} The vertex shader.
	 */
	_getWGSLComputeCode( shaderData, workgroupSize ) {

		const [ workgroupSizeX, workgroupSizeY, workgroupSizeZ ] = workgroupSize;

		return `${ this.getSignature() }
// directives
${ shaderData.directives }

// system
var<private> instanceIndex : u32;

// locals
${ shaderData.scopedArrays }

// structs
${ shaderData.structs }

// uniforms
${ shaderData.uniforms }

// vars
${ this.allowGlobalVariables ? shaderData.vars : '' }

// codes
${ shaderData.codes }

@compute @workgroup_size( ${ workgroupSizeX }, ${ workgroupSizeY }, ${ workgroupSizeZ } )
fn main( ${ shaderData.attributes } ) {

	// local vars
	${ this.allowGlobalVariables ? '' : shaderData.vars }

	// system
	instanceIndex = globalId.x
		+ globalId.y * ( ${ workgroupSizeX } * numWorkgroups.x )
		+ globalId.z * ( ${ workgroupSizeX } * numWorkgroups.x ) * ( ${ workgroupSizeY } * numWorkgroups.y );

	// flow
	${ shaderData.flow }

}
`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WGSL struct based on the given name and variables.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} name - The struct name.
	 * @param {string} vars - The struct variables.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet representing a struct.
	 */
	_getWGSLStruct( name, vars ) {

		return `
struct ${name} {
${vars}
};`;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a WGSL struct binding.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {string} name - The struct name.
	 * @param {string} vars - The struct variables.
	 * @param {string} access - The access.
	 * @param {number} [binding=0] - The binding index.
	 * @param {number} [group=0] - The group index.
	 * @return {string} The WGSL snippet representing a struct binding.
	 */
	_getWGSLStructBinding( name, vars, access, binding = 0, group = 0 ) {

		const structName = name + 'Struct';
		const structSnippet = this._getWGSLStruct( structName, vars );

		return `${structSnippet}
@binding( ${ binding } ) @group( ${ group } )
var<${access}> ${ name } : ${ structName };`;

	}

}

const _bufferDescriptor$3 = new GPUBufferDescriptor();
const _commandEncoderDescriptor$2 = new GPUCommandEncoderDescriptor();

const typedArraysToVertexFormatPrefix = new Map( [
	[ Int8Array, [ 'sint8', 'snorm8' ]],
	[ Uint8Array, [ 'uint8', 'unorm8' ]],
	[ Int16Array, [ 'sint16', 'snorm16' ]],
	[ Uint16Array, [ 'uint16', 'unorm16' ]],
	[ Int32Array, [ 'sint32', 'snorm32' ]],
	[ Uint32Array, [ 'uint32', 'unorm32' ]],
	[ Float32Array, [ 'float32', ]],
] );

if ( typeof Float16Array !== 'undefined' ) {

	typedArraysToVertexFormatPrefix.set( Float16Array, [ 'float16' ] );

}

const typedAttributeToVertexFormatPrefix = new Map( [
	[ Float16BufferAttribute, [ 'float16', ]],
] );

const typeArraysToVertexFormatPrefixForItemSize1 = new Map( [
	[ Int32Array, 'sint32' ],
	[ Int16Array, 'sint32' ], // patch for INT16
	[ Uint32Array, 'uint32' ],
	[ Uint16Array, 'uint32' ], // patch for UINT16
	[ Float32Array, 'float32' ]
] );

/**
 * A WebGPU backend utility module for managing shader attributes.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGPUAttributeUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPUBackend} backend - The WebGPU backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGPU backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer for the given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 * @param {GPUBufferUsage} usage - A flag that indicates how the buffer may be used after its creation.
	 */
	createAttribute( attribute, usage ) {

		const bufferAttribute = this._getBufferAttribute( attribute );

		const backend = this.backend;
		const bufferData = backend.get( bufferAttribute );

		let buffer = bufferData.buffer;

		if ( buffer === undefined ) {

			const device = backend.device;

			let array = bufferAttribute.array;

			// patch for INT16 and UINT16
			if ( attribute.normalized === false ) {

				if ( array.constructor === Int16Array || array.constructor === Int8Array ) {

					array = new Int32Array( array );

				} else if ( array.constructor === Uint16Array || array.constructor === Uint8Array ) {

					array = new Uint32Array( array );

					if ( usage & GPUBufferUsage.INDEX ) {

						for ( let i = 0; i < array.length; i ++ ) {

							if ( array[ i ] === 0xffff ) array[ i ] = 0xffffffff; // use correct primitive restart index

						}

					}

				}

			}

			bufferAttribute.array = array;

			let paddedItemSize;

			if ( ( bufferAttribute.isStorageBufferAttribute || bufferAttribute.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) && bufferAttribute.itemSize === 3 ) {

				// WGSL does not support packed vec3 data in storage buffers, pad to vec4

				paddedItemSize = 4;

			} else if ( bufferAttribute.itemSize > 1 && ( bufferAttribute.itemSize * array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT ) % 4 !== 0 ) {

				// arrayStride must be a multiple of 4

				const byteStride = bufferAttribute.itemSize * array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

				paddedItemSize = ( Math.floor( ( byteStride + 3 ) / 4 ) * 4 ) / array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

			}

			if ( paddedItemSize !== undefined ) {

				const itemSize = bufferAttribute.itemSize;

				const paddedArray = new array.constructor( bufferAttribute.count * paddedItemSize );

				for ( let i = 0; i < bufferAttribute.count; i ++ ) {

					paddedArray.set( array.subarray( i * itemSize, i * itemSize + itemSize ), i * paddedItemSize );

				}

				if ( bufferAttribute.isStorageBufferAttribute || bufferAttribute.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

					// update the storage attribute so storage bindings access the padded layout

					bufferAttribute.itemSize = paddedItemSize;
					bufferAttribute.array = paddedArray;

				}

				array = paddedArray;

				// save the original and padded item size so buffer updates can apply the same padding

				bufferData._itemSize = itemSize;
				bufferData._paddedItemSize = paddedItemSize;

			}

			// total buffer size must be a multiple of 4
			const byteLength = array.byteLength;
			const size = byteLength + ( ( 4 - ( byteLength % 4 ) ) % 4 );

			_bufferDescriptor$3.label = bufferAttribute.name;
			_bufferDescriptor$3.size = size;
			_bufferDescriptor$3.usage = usage;
			_bufferDescriptor$3.mappedAtCreation = true;

			buffer = device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$3 );

			_bufferDescriptor$3.reset();

			new array.constructor( buffer.getMappedRange() ).set( array );

			buffer.unmap();

			bufferData.buffer = buffer;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the GPU buffer of the given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	updateAttribute( attribute ) {

		const bufferAttribute = this._getBufferAttribute( attribute );

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;

		const bufferData = backend.get( bufferAttribute );
		const buffer = backend.get( bufferAttribute ).buffer;

		let array = bufferAttribute.array;

		const itemSize = bufferData._itemSize;
		const paddedItemSize = bufferData._paddedItemSize;

		if ( paddedItemSize !== undefined ) {

			// if the attribute data were padded on upload, apply the same padding on updates.

			array = new array.constructor( bufferAttribute.count * paddedItemSize );

			for ( let i = 0; i < bufferAttribute.count; i ++ ) {

				array.set( bufferAttribute.array.subarray( i * itemSize, i * itemSize + itemSize ), i * paddedItemSize );

			}

			if ( bufferAttribute.isStorageBufferAttribute || bufferAttribute.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

				// keep the storage attribute in sync with the padded layout

				bufferAttribute.array = array;

			}

		}


		const updateRanges = bufferAttribute.updateRanges;

		if ( updateRanges.length === 0 ) {

			// Not using update ranges

			device.queue.writeBuffer(
				buffer,
				0,
				array,
				0
			);

		} else {

			const isTyped = isTypedArray( array );
			const byteOffsetFactor = isTyped ? 1 : array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

			for ( let i = 0, l = updateRanges.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

				const range = updateRanges[ i ];
				let dataOffset, size;

				if ( paddedItemSize !== undefined ) {

					const vertexStart = Math.floor( range.start / itemSize );
					const vertexCount = Math.ceil( ( range.start + range.count ) / itemSize ) - vertexStart;
					dataOffset = vertexStart * paddedItemSize * byteOffsetFactor;
					size = vertexCount * paddedItemSize * byteOffsetFactor;

				} else {

					dataOffset = range.start * byteOffsetFactor;
					size = range.count * byteOffsetFactor;

				}

				const bufferOffset = dataOffset * ( isTyped ? array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT : 1 ); // bufferOffset is always in bytes

				device.queue.writeBuffer(
					buffer,
					bufferOffset,
					array,
					dataOffset,
					size
				);

			}

			bufferAttribute.clearUpdateRanges();

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method creates the vertex buffer layout data which are
	 * require when creating a render pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {Array<Object>} An array holding objects which describe the vertex buffer layout.
	 */
	createShaderVertexBuffers( renderObject ) {

		const attributes = renderObject.getAttributes();
		const vertexBuffers = new Map();

		for ( let slot = 0; slot < attributes.length; slot ++ ) {

			const geometryAttribute = attributes[ slot ];
			const bytesPerElement = geometryAttribute.array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;
			const bufferAttribute = this._getBufferAttribute( geometryAttribute );

			let vertexBufferLayout = vertexBuffers.get( bufferAttribute );

			if ( vertexBufferLayout === undefined ) {

				let arrayStride, stepMode;

				if ( geometryAttribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute === true ) {

					arrayStride = geometryAttribute.data.stride * bytesPerElement;
					stepMode = geometryAttribute.data.isInstancedInterleavedBuffer ? GPUInputStepMode.Instance : GPUInputStepMode.Vertex;

				} else {

					arrayStride = geometryAttribute.itemSize * bytesPerElement;
					stepMode = geometryAttribute.isInstancedBufferAttribute ? GPUInputStepMode.Instance : GPUInputStepMode.Vertex;

					if ( geometryAttribute.itemSize > 1 && arrayStride % 4 !== 0 ) {

						// packed attribute data are padded per vertex on upload

						arrayStride = Math.floor( ( arrayStride + 3 ) / 4 ) * 4;

					}

				}

				// patch for INT16 and UINT16
				if ( geometryAttribute.normalized === false && ( geometryAttribute.array.constructor === Int16Array || geometryAttribute.array.constructor === Uint16Array ) ) {

					arrayStride = 4;

				}

				vertexBufferLayout = {
					arrayStride,
					attributes: [],
					stepMode
				};

				vertexBuffers.set( bufferAttribute, vertexBufferLayout );

			}

			const format = this._getVertexFormat( geometryAttribute );
			const offset = ( geometryAttribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute === true ) ? geometryAttribute.offset * bytesPerElement : 0;

			vertexBufferLayout.attributes.push( {
				shaderLocation: slot,
				offset,
				format
			} );

		}

		return Array.from( vertexBuffers.values() );

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU buffer of the given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	destroyAttribute( attribute ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const data = backend.get( this._getBufferAttribute( attribute ) );

		data.buffer.destroy();

		backend.delete( attribute );

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs a readback operation by moving buffer data from
	 * a storage buffer attribute from the GPU to the CPU. ReadbackBuffer can
	 * be used to retain and reuse handles to the intermediate buffers and prevent
	 * new allocation.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The storage buffer attribute to read frm.
	 * @param {number} count - The offset from which to start reading the
	 * @param {number} offset - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {ReadbackBuffer|ArrayBuffer} target - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @return {Promise<ArrayBuffer|ReadbackBuffer>} A promise that resolves with the buffer data when the data are ready.
	 */
	async getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target = null, offset = 0, count = -1 ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;

		const data = backend.get( this._getBufferAttribute( attribute ) );
		const bufferGPU = data.buffer;
		const byteLength = count === -1 ? bufferGPU.size - offset : count;

		let readBufferGPU;
		if ( target !== null && target.isReadbackBuffer ) {

			const readbackInfo = backend.get( target );

			if ( target._mapped === true ) {

				throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGPUAttributeUtils: ReadbackBuffer must be released before being used again.' );

			}

			target._mapped = true;

			// initialize the GPU-side read copy buffer if it is not present
			if ( readbackInfo.readBufferGPU === undefined ) {

				_bufferDescriptor$3.label = `${ target.name }_readback`;
				_bufferDescriptor$3.size = target.maxByteLength;
				_bufferDescriptor$3.usage = GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST | GPUBufferUsage.MAP_READ;

				readBufferGPU = device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$3 );

				_bufferDescriptor$3.reset();

				// release / dispose
				const releaseCallback = () => {

					target.buffer = null;
					target._mapped = false;

					readBufferGPU.unmap();

				};

				const disposeCallback = () => {

					target.buffer = null;
					target._mapped = false;

					readBufferGPU.destroy();

					backend.delete( target );

					target.removeEventListener( 'release', releaseCallback );
					target.removeEventListener( 'dispose', disposeCallback );

				};

				target.addEventListener( 'release', releaseCallback );
				target.addEventListener( 'dispose', disposeCallback );

				// register
				readbackInfo.readBufferGPU = readBufferGPU;

			} else {

				readBufferGPU = readbackInfo.readBufferGPU;

			}

		} else {

			// create a new temp buffer for array buffers otherwise
			_bufferDescriptor$3.label = `${ attribute.name }_readback`;
			_bufferDescriptor$3.size = byteLength;
			_bufferDescriptor$3.usage = GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST | GPUBufferUsage.MAP_READ;

			readBufferGPU = device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$3 );

			_bufferDescriptor$3.reset();

		}

		// copy the data
		_commandEncoderDescriptor$2.label = `readback_encoder_${ attribute.name }`;
		const cmdEncoder = device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor$2 );
		_commandEncoderDescriptor$2.reset();

		cmdEncoder.copyBufferToBuffer(
			bufferGPU,
			offset,
			readBufferGPU,
			0,
			byteLength,
		);

		const gpuCommands = cmdEncoder.finish();
		submit( device, gpuCommands );

		// map the data to the CPU
		await readBufferGPU.mapAsync( GPUMapMode.READ, 0, byteLength );

		if ( target === null ) {

			// return a new array buffer and clean up the gpu handles
			const arrayBuffer = readBufferGPU.getMappedRange( 0, byteLength );
			const result = arrayBuffer.slice();
			readBufferGPU.destroy();
			return result;

		} else if ( target.isReadbackBuffer ) {

			// assign the data to the read back handle
			target.buffer = readBufferGPU.getMappedRange( 0, byteLength );
			return target;

		} else {

			// copy the data into the target array buffer
			const arrayBuffer = readBufferGPU.getMappedRange( 0, byteLength );
			new Uint8Array( target ).set( new Uint8Array( arrayBuffer ) );
			readBufferGPU.destroy();
			return target;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the vertex format of the given buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} geometryAttribute - The buffer attribute.
	 * @return {string|undefined} The vertex format (e.g. 'float32x3').
	 */
	_getVertexFormat( geometryAttribute ) {

		const { itemSize, normalized } = geometryAttribute;
		const ArrayType = geometryAttribute.array.constructor;
		const AttributeType = geometryAttribute.constructor;

		let format;

		if ( itemSize === 1 ) {

			format = typeArraysToVertexFormatPrefixForItemSize1.get( ArrayType );

		} else {

			const prefixOptions = typedAttributeToVertexFormatPrefix.get( AttributeType ) || typedArraysToVertexFormatPrefix.get( ArrayType );
			const prefix = prefixOptions[ normalized ? 1 : 0 ];

			if ( prefix ) {

				const bytesPerUnit = ArrayType.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT * itemSize;
				const paddedBytesPerUnit = Math.floor( ( bytesPerUnit + 3 ) / 4 ) * 4;
				const paddedItemSize = paddedBytesPerUnit / ArrayType.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

				if ( paddedItemSize % 1 ) {

					throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGPUAttributeUtils: Bad vertex format item size.' );

				}

				format = `${prefix}x${paddedItemSize}`;

			}

		}

		if ( ! format ) {

			error( 'WebGPUAttributeUtils: Vertex format not supported yet.' );

		}

		return format;

	}

	/**
	 * Utility method for handling interleaved buffer attributes correctly.
	 * To process them, their `InterleavedBuffer` is returned.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute.
	 * @return {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBuffer}
	 */
	_getBufferAttribute( attribute ) {

		if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) attribute = attribute.data;

		return attribute;

	}

}

const _bindGroupDescriptor = new GPUBindGroupDescriptor();
const _bufferDescriptor$2 = new GPUBufferDescriptor();
const _viewDescriptor$1 = new GPUTextureViewDescriptor();

/**
 * Class representing a WebGPU bind group layout.
 *
 * @private
 */
class BindGroupLayout {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new layout.
	 *
	 * @param {GPUBindGroupLayout} layoutGPU - A GPU Bind Group Layout.
	 */
	constructor( layoutGPU ) {

		/**
		 * The current GPUBindGroupLayout.
		 *
		 * @type {GPUBindGroupLayout}
		 */
		this.layoutGPU = layoutGPU;

		/**
		 * The number of bind groups that use this layout.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.usedTimes = 0;

	}

}

/**
 * A WebGPU backend utility module for managing bindings.
 *
 * When reading the documentation it's helpful to keep in mind that
 * all class definitions starting with 'GPU*' are modules from the
 * WebGPU API. So for example `BindGroup` is a class from the engine
 * whereas `GPUBindGroup` is a class from WebGPU.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGPUBindingUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPUBackend} backend - The WebGPU backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGPU backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

		/**
		 * A cache that maps combinations of layout entries to existing bind group layouts.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {Map<string, BindGroupLayout>}
		 */
		this._bindGroupLayoutCache = new Map();

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a GPU bind group layout for the given bind group.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @return {GPUBindGroupLayout} The GPU bind group layout.
	 */
	createBindingsLayout( bindGroup ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;

		const bindingsData = backend.get( bindGroup );

		// check if the the bind group already has a layout

		if ( bindingsData.layout ) {

			return bindingsData.layout.layoutGPU;

		}

		// if not, assing one

		const entries = this._createLayoutEntries( bindGroup );
		const bindGroupLayoutKey = hashString( JSON.stringify( entries ) );

		// try to find an existing layout in the cache

		let bindGroupLayout = this._bindGroupLayoutCache.get( bindGroupLayoutKey );

		// if not create a new one

		if ( bindGroupLayout === undefined ) {

			bindGroupLayout = new BindGroupLayout( device.createBindGroupLayout( { entries } ) );
			this._bindGroupLayoutCache.set( bindGroupLayoutKey, bindGroupLayout );

		}

		bindGroupLayout.usedTimes ++;

		bindingsData.layout = bindGroupLayout;
		bindingsData.layoutKey = bindGroupLayoutKey;

		return bindGroupLayout.layoutGPU;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates bindings from the given bind group definition.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - Array of bind groups.
	 * @param {number} cacheIndex - The cache index.
	 * @param {number} version - The version.
	 */
	createBindings( bindGroup, bindings, cacheIndex, version = 0 ) {

		const { backend } = this;
		const bindingsData = backend.get( bindGroup );

		// setup (static) binding layout and (dynamic) binding group

		const bindLayoutGPU = this.createBindingsLayout( bindGroup );

		let bindGroupGPU;

		if ( cacheIndex > 0 ) {

			if ( bindingsData.groups === undefined ) {

				bindingsData.groups = [];
				bindingsData.versions = [];

			}

			if ( bindingsData.versions[ cacheIndex ] === version ) {

				bindGroupGPU = bindingsData.groups[ cacheIndex ];

			}

		}

		if ( bindGroupGPU === undefined ) {

			bindGroupGPU = this.createBindGroup( bindGroup, bindLayoutGPU );

			if ( cacheIndex > 0 ) {

				bindingsData.groups[ cacheIndex ] = bindGroupGPU;
				bindingsData.versions[ cacheIndex ] = version;

			}

		}

		bindingsData.group = bindGroupGPU;

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a buffer binding.
	 *
	 *  @param {Buffer} binding - The buffer binding to update.
	 */
	updateBinding( binding ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;

		const array = binding.buffer; // cpu
		const buffer = backend.get( binding ).buffer; // gpu

		const updateRanges = binding.updateRanges;

		if ( updateRanges.length === 0 ) {

			device.queue.writeBuffer(
				buffer,
				0,
				array,
				0
			);

		} else {

			const isTyped = isTypedArray( array );
			const byteOffsetFactor = isTyped ? 1 : array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;

			// Update ranges arrive sorted and non-overlapping which makes
			// it easy to merge contiguous ranges.

			let start = updateRanges[ 0 ].start; // start of the current merged range

			for ( let i = 0, l = updateRanges.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

				const range = updateRanges[ i ];
				const next = updateRanges[ i + 1 ];

				const end = range.start + range.count; // exclusive end of the current range

				// keep merging while the next range is contiguous

				if ( next !== undefined && next.start === end ) continue;

				// write the merged range

				const dataOffset = start * byteOffsetFactor;
				const size = ( end - start ) * byteOffsetFactor;

				const bufferOffset = dataOffset * ( isTyped ? array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT : 1 ); // bufferOffset is always in bytes

				device.queue.writeBuffer(
					buffer,
					bufferOffset,
					array,
					dataOffset,
					size
				);

				// start next if possible

				if ( next !== undefined ) start = next.start;

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a GPU bind group for the camera index.
	 *
	 * @param {Uint32Array} data - The index data.
	 * @param {GPUBindGroupLayout} layoutGPU - The GPU bind group layout.
	 * @return {GPUBindGroup} The GPU bind group.
	 */
	createBindGroupIndex( data, layoutGPU ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;

		const usage = GPUBufferUsage.UNIFORM | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST;
		const index = data[ 0 ];

		_bufferDescriptor$2.label = 'bindingCameraIndex_' + index;
		_bufferDescriptor$2.size = 16; // uint(4) * 4
		_bufferDescriptor$2.usage = usage;

		const buffer = device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$2 );

		_bufferDescriptor$2.reset();

		device.queue.writeBuffer( buffer, 0, data, 0 );

		_bindGroupDescriptor.label = 'bindGroupCameraIndex_' + index;
		_bindGroupDescriptor.layout = layoutGPU;
		_bindGroupDescriptor.entries.push( { binding: 0, resource: { buffer } } );

		const bindGroup = device.createBindGroup( _bindGroupDescriptor );

		_bindGroupDescriptor.reset();

		return bindGroup;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a GPU bind group for the given bind group and GPU layout.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {GPUBindGroupLayout} layoutGPU - The GPU bind group layout.
	 * @return {GPUBindGroup} The GPU bind group.
	 */
	createBindGroup( bindGroup, layoutGPU ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;

		let bindingPoint = 0;

		_bindGroupDescriptor.label = 'bindGroup_' + bindGroup.name;
		_bindGroupDescriptor.layout = layoutGPU;

		for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

			if ( binding.isUniformBuffer ) {

				const bindingData = backend.get( binding );

				_bindGroupDescriptor.entries.push( { binding: bindingPoint, resource: { buffer: bindingData.buffer } } );

			} else if ( binding.isStorageBuffer ) {

				const buffer = backend.get( binding.attribute ).buffer;

				_bindGroupDescriptor.entries.push( { binding: bindingPoint, resource: { buffer: buffer } } );

			} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) {

				const textureData = backend.get( binding.texture );

				let resourceGPU;

				if ( textureData.externalTexture !== undefined ) {

					resourceGPU = device.importExternalTexture( { source: textureData.externalTexture } );

				} else {

					const mipLevelCount = binding.store ? 1 : textureData.texture.mipLevelCount;
					const baseMipLevel = binding.store ? binding.mipLevel : 0;
					let propertyName = `view-${ textureData.texture.width }-${ textureData.texture.height }`;

					if ( textureData.texture.depthOrArrayLayers > 1 ) {

						propertyName += `-${ textureData.texture.depthOrArrayLayers }`;

					}

					propertyName += `-${ mipLevelCount }-${ baseMipLevel }`;

					resourceGPU = textureData[ propertyName ];

					if ( resourceGPU === undefined ) {

						const aspectGPU = GPUTextureAspect.All;

						let dimensionViewGPU;

						if ( binding.isSampledCubeTexture ) {

							dimensionViewGPU = GPUTextureViewDimension.Cube;

						} else if ( binding.texture.isArrayTexture || binding.texture.isDataArrayTexture || binding.texture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {

							// Prefer the texture's actual array flag over the cached 3D binding type.
							// Layered render targets can become array textures after shader compilation.
							dimensionViewGPU = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoDArray;

						} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture3D ) {

							dimensionViewGPU = GPUTextureViewDimension.ThreeD;

						} else {

							dimensionViewGPU = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoD;

						}

						_viewDescriptor$1.aspect = aspectGPU;
						_viewDescriptor$1.dimension = dimensionViewGPU;
						_viewDescriptor$1.mipLevelCount = mipLevelCount;
						_viewDescriptor$1.baseMipLevel = baseMipLevel;

						resourceGPU = textureData[ propertyName ] = textureData.texture.createView( _viewDescriptor$1 );

						_viewDescriptor$1.reset();

					}

				}

				_bindGroupDescriptor.entries.push( { binding: bindingPoint, resource: resourceGPU } );

			} else if ( binding.isSampler ) {

				const bindingData = backend.get( binding );

				_bindGroupDescriptor.entries.push( { binding: bindingPoint, resource: bindingData.sampler } );

			}

			bindingPoint ++;

		}

		const bindGroupGPU = device.createBindGroup( _bindGroupDescriptor );

		_bindGroupDescriptor.reset();

		return bindGroupGPU;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a GPU bind group layout entries for the given bind group.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @return {Array<GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry>} The GPU bind group layout entries.
	 */
	_createLayoutEntries( bindGroup ) {

		const entries = [];
		let index = 0;

		for ( const binding of bindGroup.bindings ) {

			const backend = this.backend;

			const bindingGPU = {
				binding: index,
				visibility: binding.visibility
			};

			if ( binding.isUniformBuffer || binding.isStorageBuffer ) {

				const buffer = {}; // GPUBufferBindingLayout

				if ( binding.isStorageBuffer ) {

					if ( binding.visibility & GPUShaderStage.COMPUTE ) {

						// compute

						if ( binding.access === NodeAccess.READ_WRITE || binding.access === NodeAccess.WRITE_ONLY ) {

							buffer.type = GPUBufferBindingType.Storage;

						} else {

							buffer.type = GPUBufferBindingType.ReadOnlyStorage;

						}

					} else {

						buffer.type = GPUBufferBindingType.ReadOnlyStorage;

					}

				}

				bindingGPU.buffer = buffer;

			} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture && binding.store ) {

				const storageTexture = {}; // GPUStorageTextureBindingLayout
				storageTexture.format = this.backend.get( binding.texture ).texture.format;

				const access = binding.access;

				if ( access === NodeAccess.READ_WRITE ) {

					storageTexture.access = GPUStorageTextureAccess.ReadWrite;

				} else if ( access === NodeAccess.WRITE_ONLY ) {

					storageTexture.access = GPUStorageTextureAccess.WriteOnly;

				} else {

					storageTexture.access = GPUStorageTextureAccess.ReadOnly;

				}

				if ( binding.texture.isArrayTexture ) {

					storageTexture.viewDimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoDArray;

				} else if ( binding.texture.is3DTexture ) {

					storageTexture.viewDimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.ThreeD;

				}

				bindingGPU.storageTexture = storageTexture;

			} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture ) {

				const texture = {}; // GPUTextureBindingLayout

				const { primarySamples } = backend.utils.getTextureSampleData( binding.texture );

				if ( primarySamples > 1 ) {

					texture.multisampled = true;

					if ( ! binding.texture.isDepthTexture ) {

						texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.UnfilterableFloat;

					}

				}

				if ( binding.texture.isDepthTexture ) {

					if ( backend.compatibilityMode && binding.texture.compareFunction === null ) {

						texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.UnfilterableFloat;

					} else {

						texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.Depth;

					}

				} else {

					const type = binding.texture.type;

					if ( type === IntType ) {

						texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.SInt;

					} else if ( type === UnsignedIntType ) {

						texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.UInt;

					} else if ( binding.texture.normalized === true && ( type === ShortType || type === UnsignedShortType ) ) {

						texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.UnfilterableFloat;

					} else if ( type === FloatType ) {

						if ( this.backend.hasFeature( 'float32-filterable' ) ) {

							texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.Float;

						} else {

							texture.sampleType = GPUTextureSampleType.UnfilterableFloat;

						}

					}

				}

				if ( binding.isSampledCubeTexture ) {

					texture.viewDimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.Cube;

				} else if ( binding.texture.isArrayTexture || binding.texture.isDataArrayTexture || binding.texture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {

					texture.viewDimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoDArray;

				} else if ( binding.isSampledTexture3D ) {

					texture.viewDimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.ThreeD;

				}

				bindingGPU.texture = texture;

			} else if ( binding.isSampler ) {

				const sampler = {}; // GPUSamplerBindingLayout

				if ( binding.texture.isDepthTexture ) {

					if ( binding.texture.compareFunction !== null && binding.textureNode.compareNode !== null && backend.hasCompatibility( Compatibility.TEXTURE_COMPARE ) ) {

						sampler.type = GPUSamplerBindingType.Comparison;

					} else {

						// Depth textures without compare must use non-filtering sampler
						sampler.type = GPUSamplerBindingType.NonFiltering;

					}

				}

				bindingGPU.sampler = sampler;

			} else {

				error( `WebGPUBindingUtils: Unsupported binding "${ binding }".` );

			}

			entries.push( bindingGPU );
			index ++;

		}

		return entries;

	}

	/**
	 * Delete the data associated with a bind group.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 */
	deleteBindGroupData( bindGroup ) {

		const { backend } = this;

		const bindingsData = backend.get( bindGroup );

		if ( bindingsData.layout ) {

			bindingsData.layout.usedTimes --;

			if ( bindingsData.layout.usedTimes === 0 ) {

				this._bindGroupLayoutCache.delete( bindingsData.layoutKey );

			}

			bindingsData.layout = undefined;
			bindingsData.layoutKey = undefined;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this._bindGroupLayoutCache.clear();

	}

}

/**
 * A WebGPU backend utility module for managing the device's capabilities.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGPUCapabilities {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPUBackend} backend - The WebGPU backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGPU backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the maximum anisotropy texture filtering value.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The maximum anisotropy texture filtering value.
	 */
	getMaxAnisotropy() {

		return 16;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the maximum number of bytes available for uniform buffers.
	 *
	 * @return {number} The maximum number of bytes available for uniform buffers.
	 */
	getUniformBufferLimit() {

		return this.backend.device.limits.maxUniformBufferBindingSize;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createComputePipeline()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUComputePipelineDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the compute pipeline.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The pipeline layout the pipeline conforms to, or `'auto'`.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUPipelineLayout|string}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.layout = null;

		/**
		 * The programmable compute stage.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.compute = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.layout = null;
		this.compute = null;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createPipelineLayout()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUPipelineLayoutDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the pipeline layout.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The set of bind group layouts the pipeline layout describes.
		 *
		 * @type {?Array<?GPUBindGroupLayout>}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.bindGroupLayouts = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.bindGroupLayouts = null;

	}

}

const _computePipelineDescriptor = new GPUComputePipelineDescriptor();
const _pipelineLayoutDescriptor = new GPUPipelineLayoutDescriptor();
const _renderBundleEncoderDescriptor = new GPURenderBundleEncoderDescriptor();
const _renderPipelineDescriptor = new GPURenderPipelineDescriptor();

/**
 * A WebGPU backend utility module for managing pipelines.
 *
 * @private
 */
class WebGPUPipelineUtils {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new utility object.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPUBackend} backend - The WebGPU backend.
	 */
	constructor( backend ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the WebGPU backend.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUBackend}
		 */
		this.backend = backend;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the sample count derived from the given render context.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {number} The sample count.
	 */
	_getSampleCount( renderContext ) {

		return this.backend.utils.getSampleCountRenderContext( renderContext );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a render pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Array<Promise>} promises - An array of compilation promises which are used in `compileAsync()`.
	 */
	createRenderPipeline( renderObject, promises ) {

		const { object, material, geometry, pipeline } = renderObject;
		const { vertexProgram, fragmentProgram } = pipeline;

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;
		const utils = backend.utils;

		const pipelineData = backend.get( pipeline );

		// bind group layouts

		const bindGroupLayouts = [];

		for ( const bindGroup of renderObject.getBindings() ) {

			const bindingsData = backend.get( bindGroup );
			const { layoutGPU } = bindingsData.layout;

			bindGroupLayouts.push( layoutGPU );

		}

		// vertex buffers

		const vertexBuffers = backend.attributeUtils.createShaderVertexBuffers( renderObject );

		// material blending

		let materialBlending;

		if ( material.blending !== NoBlending && ( material.blending !== NormalBlending || material.transparent !== false ) ) {

			materialBlending = this._getBlending( material );

		}

		// stencil

		let stencilFront = {};

		if ( material.stencilWrite === true ) {

			stencilFront = {
				compare: this._getStencilCompare( material ),
				failOp: this._getStencilOperation( material.stencilFail ),
				depthFailOp: this._getStencilOperation( material.stencilZFail ),
				passOp: this._getStencilOperation( material.stencilZPass )
			};

		}

		const colorWriteMask = this._getColorWriteMask( material );

		const targets = [];

		if ( renderObject.context.textures !== null ) {

			const textures = renderObject.context.textures;
			const mrt = renderObject.context.mrt;

			for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

				const texture = textures[ i ];
				const colorFormat = utils.getTextureFormatGPU( texture );

				// mrt blending

				let blending;

				if ( mrt !== null ) {

					if ( this.backend.compatibilityMode !== true ) {

						const blendMode = mrt.getBlendMode( texture.name );

						if ( blendMode.blending === MaterialBlending ) {

							blending = materialBlending;

						} else if ( blendMode.blending !== NoBlending ) {

							blending = this._getBlending( blendMode );

						}

					} else {

						warnOnce( 'WebGPURenderer: Multiple Render Targets (MRT) blending configuration is not fully supported in compatibility mode. The material blending will be used for all render targets.' );

						blending = materialBlending;

					}

				} else {

					blending = materialBlending;

				}

				targets.push( {
					format: colorFormat,
					blend: blending,
					writeMask: colorWriteMask
				} );

			}

		} else {

			const colorFormat = utils.getCurrentColorFormat( renderObject.context );

			targets.push( {
				format: colorFormat,
				blend: materialBlending,
				writeMask: colorWriteMask
			} );

		}

		const vertexModule = backend.get( vertexProgram ).module;
		const fragmentModule = backend.get( fragmentProgram ).module;

		const primitiveState = this._getPrimitiveState( object, geometry, material );
		const depthCompare = this._getDepthCompare( material );
		const depthStencilFormat = utils.getCurrentDepthStencilFormat( renderObject.context );

		const sampleCount = this._getSampleCount( renderObject.context );

		_pipelineLayoutDescriptor.bindGroupLayouts = bindGroupLayouts;

		const pipelineLayout = device.createPipelineLayout( _pipelineLayoutDescriptor );

		_pipelineLayoutDescriptor.reset();

		_renderPipelineDescriptor.label = `renderPipeline_${ material.name || material.type }_${ material.id }`;
		_renderPipelineDescriptor.vertex = Object.assign( {}, vertexModule, { buffers: vertexBuffers } );
		_renderPipelineDescriptor.fragment = Object.assign( {}, fragmentModule, { targets } );
		_renderPipelineDescriptor.primitive = primitiveState;
		_renderPipelineDescriptor.multisample.count = sampleCount;
		_renderPipelineDescriptor.multisample.alphaToCoverageEnabled = material.alphaToCoverage && sampleCount > 1;
		_renderPipelineDescriptor.layout = pipelineLayout;

		const depthStencil = {};
		const renderDepth = renderObject.context.depth;
		const renderStencil = renderObject.context.stencil;

		if ( renderDepth === true || renderStencil === true ) {

			if ( renderDepth === true ) {

				depthStencil.format = depthStencilFormat;
				depthStencil.depthWriteEnabled = material.depthWrite;
				depthStencil.depthCompare = depthCompare;

			}

			if ( renderStencil === true ) {

				depthStencil.stencilFront = stencilFront;
				depthStencil.stencilBack = stencilFront; // apply the same stencil ops to both faces, matching gl.stencilOp() which is not face-separated
				depthStencil.stencilReadMask = material.stencilFuncMask;
				depthStencil.stencilWriteMask = material.stencilWriteMask;

			}

			if ( material.polygonOffset === true && ( primitiveState.topology === GPUPrimitiveTopology.TriangleList ) ) {

				depthStencil.depthBias = material.polygonOffsetUnits;
				depthStencil.depthBiasSlopeScale = material.polygonOffsetFactor;
				depthStencil.depthBiasClamp = 0; // three.js does not provide an API to configure this value

			}

			_renderPipelineDescriptor.depthStencil = depthStencil;

		}

		// create pipeline

		device.pushErrorScope( 'validation' );

		const stages = [
			{ program: vertexProgram, module: vertexModule.module },
			{ program: fragmentProgram, module: fragmentModule.module }
		];
		const pipelineLabel = _renderPipelineDescriptor.label;

		if ( promises === null ) {

			pipelineData.pipeline = device.createRenderPipeline( _renderPipelineDescriptor );

			_renderPipelineDescriptor.reset();

			device.popErrorScope().then( ( err ) => {

				if ( err !== null ) {

					pipelineData.error = true;

					error( `WebGPURenderer: Render pipeline creation failed (${ pipelineLabel }): ${ err.message }` );

					this._reportShaderDiagnostics( stages, pipelineLabel );

				}

			} );

		} else {

			const p = new Promise( async ( resolve /*, reject*/ ) => {

				try {

					let asyncError = null;
					let pipelinePromise = null;

					try {

						pipelinePromise = device.createRenderPipelineAsync( _renderPipelineDescriptor );

					} catch ( err ) {

						asyncError = err;

					}

					_renderPipelineDescriptor.reset();

					if ( pipelinePromise !== null ) {

						try {

							pipelineData.pipeline = await pipelinePromise;

						} catch ( err ) {

							asyncError = err;

						}

					}

					const errorScope = await device.popErrorScope();

					if ( errorScope !== null || asyncError !== null ) {

						pipelineData.error = true;

						const reason = ( errorScope && errorScope.message ) || ( asyncError && asyncError.message ) || 'unknown';
						error( `WebGPURenderer: Async render pipeline creation failed (${ pipelineLabel }): ${ reason }` );

						await this._reportShaderDiagnostics( stages, pipelineLabel );

					}

				} finally {

					// Guarantee resolution so `compileAsync`'s Promise.all cannot hang on an
					// unexpected throw from any await above.
					resolve();

				}

			} );

			promises.push( p );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Creates GPU render bundle encoder for the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {?string} [label='renderBundleEncoder'] - The label.
	 * @return {GPURenderBundleEncoder} The GPU render bundle encoder.
	 */
	createBundleEncoder( renderContext, label = 'renderBundleEncoder' ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const { utils, device } = backend;

		const depthStencilFormat = utils.getCurrentDepthStencilFormat( renderContext );
		const colorFormats = utils.getCurrentColorFormats( renderContext );
		const sampleCount = this._getSampleCount( renderContext );

		_renderBundleEncoderDescriptor.label = label;
		_renderBundleEncoderDescriptor.colorFormats = colorFormats;
		_renderBundleEncoderDescriptor.depthStencilFormat = depthStencilFormat;
		_renderBundleEncoderDescriptor.sampleCount = sampleCount;

		const bundleEncoder = device.createRenderBundleEncoder( _renderBundleEncoderDescriptor );

		_renderBundleEncoderDescriptor.reset();

		return bundleEncoder;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a compute pipeline for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {ComputePipeline} pipeline - The compute pipeline.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 */
	createComputePipeline( pipeline, bindings ) {

		const backend = this.backend;
		const device = backend.device;

		const computeProgram = backend.get( pipeline.computeProgram ).module;

		const pipelineGPU = backend.get( pipeline );

		// bind group layouts

		const bindGroupLayouts = [];

		for ( const bindingsGroup of bindings ) {

			const bindingsData = backend.get( bindingsGroup );
			const { layoutGPU } = bindingsData.layout;

			bindGroupLayouts.push( layoutGPU );

		}

		const computeStage = pipeline.computeProgram;
		const pipelineLabel = `computePipeline_${ computeStage.stage }${ computeStage.name ? `_${ computeStage.name }` : '' }`;

		device.pushErrorScope( 'validation' );

		_pipelineLayoutDescriptor.bindGroupLayouts = bindGroupLayouts;

		const pipelineLayout = device.createPipelineLayout( _pipelineLayoutDescriptor );

		_pipelineLayoutDescriptor.reset();

		_computePipelineDescriptor.label = pipelineLabel;
		_computePipelineDescriptor.compute = computeProgram;
		_computePipelineDescriptor.layout = pipelineLayout;

		pipelineGPU.pipeline = device.createComputePipeline( _computePipelineDescriptor );

		_computePipelineDescriptor.reset();

		device.popErrorScope().then( ( err ) => {

			if ( err !== null ) {

				pipelineGPU.error = true;

				error( `WebGPURenderer: Compute pipeline creation failed (${ pipelineLabel }): ${ err.message }` );

				this._reportShaderDiagnostics( [ { program: computeStage, module: computeProgram.module } ], pipelineLabel );

			}

		} );

	}

	/**
	 * Reads line-accurate diagnostics from shader modules and logs them.
	 * Called from pipeline creation error paths to turn opaque validation
	 * failures into actionable WGSL feedback.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Array<{program: ProgrammableStage, module: GPUShaderModule}>} stages - Pairs of program + compiled shader module.
	 * @param {string} pipelineLabel - Label of the owning pipeline, used as log prefix.
	 * @return {Promise<void>}
	 */
	async _reportShaderDiagnostics( stages, pipelineLabel ) {

		for ( const { program, module } of stages ) {

			const info = await module.getCompilationInfo();
			if ( info.messages.length === 0 ) continue;

			const sourceLines = program.code.split( '\n' );

			for ( const msg of info.messages ) {

				const location = msg.lineNum > 0
					? ` at line ${ msg.lineNum }${ msg.linePos > 0 ? `:${ msg.linePos }` : '' }`
					: '';

				const header = `WebGPURenderer [${ pipelineLabel } / ${ program.stage } ${ msg.type }]${ location }: ${ msg.message }`;

				let excerpt = '';
				if ( msg.lineNum > 0 && msg.lineNum <= sourceLines.length ) {

					excerpt = `\n  ${ sourceLines[ msg.lineNum - 1 ] }`;
					if ( msg.linePos > 0 ) excerpt += `\n  ${ ' '.repeat( msg.linePos - 1 ) }^`;

				}

				( msg.type === 'error' ? error : warn )( header + excerpt );

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the blending state as a descriptor object required
	 * for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Material|BlendMode} object - The object containing blending information.
	 * @return {Object} The blending state.
	 */
	_getBlending( object ) {

		let color, alpha;

		const blending = object.blending;
		const blendSrc = object.blendSrc;
		const blendDst = object.blendDst;
		const blendEquation = object.blendEquation;


		if ( blending === CustomBlending ) {

			const blendSrcAlpha = object.blendSrcAlpha !== null ? object.blendSrcAlpha : blendSrc;
			const blendDstAlpha = object.blendDstAlpha !== null ? object.blendDstAlpha : blendDst;
			const blendEquationAlpha = object.blendEquationAlpha !== null ? object.blendEquationAlpha : blendEquation;

			color = {
				srcFactor: this._getBlendFactor( blendSrc ),
				dstFactor: this._getBlendFactor( blendDst ),
				operation: this._getBlendOperation( blendEquation )
			};

			alpha = {
				srcFactor: this._getBlendFactor( blendSrcAlpha ),
				dstFactor: this._getBlendFactor( blendDstAlpha ),
				operation: this._getBlendOperation( blendEquationAlpha )
			};

		} else {

			const premultipliedAlpha = object.premultipliedAlpha;

			const setBlend = ( srcRGB, dstRGB, srcAlpha, dstAlpha ) => {

				color = {
					srcFactor: srcRGB,
					dstFactor: dstRGB,
					operation: GPUBlendOperation.Add
				};

				alpha = {
					srcFactor: srcAlpha,
					dstFactor: dstAlpha,
					operation: GPUBlendOperation.Add
				};

			};

			if ( premultipliedAlpha ) {

				switch ( blending ) {

					case NormalBlending:
						setBlend( GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha, GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha );
						break;

					case AdditiveBlending:
						setBlend( GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.One );
						break;

					case SubtractiveBlending:
						setBlend( GPUBlendFactor.Zero, GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrc, GPUBlendFactor.Zero, GPUBlendFactor.One );
						break;

					case MultiplyBlending:
						setBlend( GPUBlendFactor.Dst, GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha, GPUBlendFactor.Zero, GPUBlendFactor.One );
						break;

				}

			} else {

				switch ( blending ) {

					case NormalBlending:
						setBlend( GPUBlendFactor.SrcAlpha, GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha, GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha );
						break;

					case AdditiveBlending:
						setBlend( GPUBlendFactor.SrcAlpha, GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.One, GPUBlendFactor.One );
						break;

					case SubtractiveBlending:
						error( `WebGPURenderer: "SubtractiveBlending" requires "${ object.isMaterial ? 'material' : 'blendMode' }.premultipliedAlpha = true".` );
						break;

					case MultiplyBlending:
						error( `WebGPURenderer: "MultiplyBlending" requires "${ object.isMaterial ? 'material' : 'blendMode' }.premultipliedAlpha = true".` );
						break;

				}

			}

		}

		if ( color !== undefined && alpha !== undefined ) {

			return { color, alpha };

		} else {

			error( 'WebGPURenderer: Invalid blending: ', blending );

		}

	}
	/**
	 * Returns the GPU blend factor which is required for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} blend - The blend factor as a three.js constant.
	 * @return {string} The GPU blend factor.
	 */
	_getBlendFactor( blend ) {

		let blendFactor;

		switch ( blend ) {

			case ZeroFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.Zero;
				break;

			case OneFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.One;
				break;

			case SrcColorFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.Src;
				break;

			case OneMinusSrcColorFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrc;
				break;

			case SrcAlphaFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.SrcAlpha;
				break;

			case OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha;
				break;

			case DstColorFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.Dst;
				break;

			case OneMinusDstColorFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusDst;
				break;

			case DstAlphaFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.DstAlpha;
				break;

			case OneMinusDstAlphaFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusDstAlpha;
				break;

			case SrcAlphaSaturateFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.SrcAlphaSaturated;
				break;

			case BlendColorFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.Constant;
				break;

			case OneMinusBlendColorFactor:
				blendFactor = GPUBlendFactor.OneMinusConstant;
				break;

			default:
				error( 'WebGPURenderer: Blend factor not supported.', blend );

		}

		return blendFactor;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU stencil compare function which is required for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Material} material - The material.
	 * @return {string} The GPU stencil compare function.
	 */
	_getStencilCompare( material ) {

		let stencilCompare;

		const stencilFunc = material.stencilFunc;

		switch ( stencilFunc ) {

			case NeverStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Never;
				break;

			case AlwaysStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Always;
				break;

			case LessStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Less;
				break;

			case LessEqualStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.LessEqual;
				break;

			case EqualStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Equal;
				break;

			case GreaterEqualStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.GreaterEqual;
				break;

			case GreaterStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Greater;
				break;

			case NotEqualStencilFunc:
				stencilCompare = GPUCompareFunction.NotEqual;
				break;

			default:
				error( 'WebGPURenderer: Invalid stencil function.', stencilFunc );

		}

		return stencilCompare;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU stencil operation which is required for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} op - A three.js constant defining the stencil operation.
	 * @return {string} The GPU stencil operation.
	 */
	_getStencilOperation( op ) {

		let stencilOperation;

		switch ( op ) {

			case KeepStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.Keep;
				break;

			case ZeroStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.Zero;
				break;

			case ReplaceStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.Replace;
				break;

			case InvertStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.Invert;
				break;

			case IncrementStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.IncrementClamp;
				break;

			case DecrementStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.DecrementClamp;
				break;

			case IncrementWrapStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.IncrementWrap;
				break;

			case DecrementWrapStencilOp:
				stencilOperation = GPUStencilOperation.DecrementWrap;
				break;

			default:
				error( 'WebGPURenderer: Invalid stencil operation.', stencilOperation );

		}

		return stencilOperation;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU blend operation which is required for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {number} blendEquation - A three.js constant defining the blend equation.
	 * @return {string} The GPU blend operation.
	 */
	_getBlendOperation( blendEquation ) {

		let blendOperation;

		switch ( blendEquation ) {

			case AddEquation:
				blendOperation = GPUBlendOperation.Add;
				break;

			case SubtractEquation:
				blendOperation = GPUBlendOperation.Subtract;
				break;

			case ReverseSubtractEquation:
				blendOperation = GPUBlendOperation.ReverseSubtract;
				break;

			case MinEquation:
				blendOperation = GPUBlendOperation.Min;
				break;

			case MaxEquation:
				blendOperation = GPUBlendOperation.Max;
				break;

			default:
				error( 'WebGPUPipelineUtils: Blend equation not supported.', blendEquation );

		}

		return blendOperation;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the primitive state as a descriptor object required
	 * for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object.
	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry.
	 * @param {Material} material - The material.
	 * @return {Object} The primitive state.
	 */
	_getPrimitiveState( object, geometry, material ) {

		const descriptor = {};
		const utils = this.backend.utils;

		//

		descriptor.topology = utils.getPrimitiveTopology( object, material );

		if ( geometry.index !== null && object.isLine === true && object.isLineSegments !== true ) {

			descriptor.stripIndexFormat = ( geometry.index.array instanceof Uint16Array ) ? GPUIndexFormat.Uint16 : GPUIndexFormat.Uint32;

		}

		//

		let flipSided = ( material.side === BackSide );

		if ( object.isMesh && object.matrixWorld.determinantAffine() < 0 ) flipSided = ! flipSided;

		descriptor.frontFace = ( flipSided === true ) ? GPUFrontFace.CW : GPUFrontFace.CCW;

		//

		descriptor.cullMode = ( material.side === DoubleSide ) ? GPUCullMode.None : GPUCullMode.Back;

		return descriptor;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU color write mask which is required for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Material} material - The material.
	 * @return {number} The GPU color write mask.
	 */
	_getColorWriteMask( material ) {

		return ( material.colorWrite === true ) ? GPUColorWriteFlags.All : GPUColorWriteFlags.None;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the GPU depth compare function which is required for the pipeline creation.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {Material} material - The material.
	 * @return {string} The GPU depth compare function.
	 */
	_getDepthCompare( material ) {

		let depthCompare;

		if ( material.depthTest === false ) {

			depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Always;

		} else {

			const depthFunc = ( this.backend.parameters.reversedDepthBuffer ) ? ReversedDepthFuncs[ material.depthFunc ] : material.depthFunc;

			switch ( depthFunc ) {

				case NeverDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Never;
					break;

				case AlwaysDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Always;
					break;

				case LessDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Less;
					break;

				case LessEqualDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.LessEqual;
					break;

				case EqualDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Equal;
					break;

				case GreaterEqualDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.GreaterEqual;
					break;

				case GreaterDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.Greater;
					break;

				case NotEqualDepth:
					depthCompare = GPUCompareFunction.NotEqual;
					break;

				default:
					error( 'WebGPUPipelineUtils: Invalid depth function.', depthFunc );

			}

		}

		return depthCompare;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUDevice.createQuerySet()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUQuerySetDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the query set.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * The type of queries managed by the set.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.type = undefined;

		/**
		 * The number of queries managed by the set.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.count = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.type = undefined;
		this.count = 0;

	}

}

const _bufferDescriptor$1 = new GPUBufferDescriptor();
const _commandEncoderDescriptor$1 = new GPUCommandEncoderDescriptor();
const _querySetDescriptor$1 = new GPUQuerySetDescriptor();

/**
 * Manages a pool of WebGPU timestamp queries for performance measurement.
 * Extends the base TimestampQueryPool to provide WebGPU-specific implementation.
 *
 * @augments TimestampQueryPool
 */
class WebGPUTimestampQueryPool extends TimestampQueryPool {

	/**
	 * Creates a new WebGPU timestamp query pool.
	 *
	 * @param {GPUDevice} device - The WebGPU device to create queries on.
	 * @param {string} type - The type identifier for this query pool.
	 * @param {number} [maxQueries=2048] - Maximum number of queries this pool can hold.
	 */
	constructor( device, type, maxQueries = 2048 ) {

		super( maxQueries );
		this.device = device;
		this.type = type;

		_querySetDescriptor$1.label = `queryset_global_timestamp_${type}`;
		_querySetDescriptor$1.type = 'timestamp';
		_querySetDescriptor$1.count = this.maxQueries;

		this.querySet = this.device.createQuerySet( _querySetDescriptor$1 );

		_querySetDescriptor$1.reset();

		const bufferSize = this.maxQueries * 8;

		_bufferDescriptor$1.label = `buffer_timestamp_resolve_${type}`;
		_bufferDescriptor$1.size = bufferSize;
		_bufferDescriptor$1.usage = GPUBufferUsage.QUERY_RESOLVE | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_SRC;

		this.resolveBuffer = this.device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$1 );

		_bufferDescriptor$1.reset();

		_bufferDescriptor$1.label = `buffer_timestamp_result_${type}`;
		_bufferDescriptor$1.size = bufferSize;
		_bufferDescriptor$1.usage = GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST | GPUBufferUsage.MAP_READ;

		this.resultBuffer = this.device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor$1 );

		_bufferDescriptor$1.reset();

	}

	/**
	 * Allocates a pair of queries for a given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} uid - A unique identifier for the render context.
	 * @returns {?number} The base offset for the allocated queries, or null if allocation failed.
	 */
	allocateQueriesForContext( uid ) {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp || this.isDisposed ) return null;

		if ( this.currentQueryIndex + 2 > this.maxQueries ) {

			warnOnce( `WebGPUTimestampQueryPool [${ this.type }]: Maximum number of queries exceeded, when using trackTimestamp it is necessary to resolves the queries via renderer.resolveTimestampsAsync( THREE.TimestampQuery.${ this.type.toUpperCase() } ).` );
			return null;

		}

		const baseOffset = this.currentQueryIndex;
		this.currentQueryIndex += 2;

		this.queryOffsets.set( uid, baseOffset );

		return baseOffset;

	}

	/**
	 * Asynchronously resolves all pending queries and returns the total duration.
	 * If there's already a pending resolve operation, returns that promise instead.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @returns {Promise<number>} The total duration in milliseconds, or the last valid value if resolution fails.
	 */
	async resolveQueriesAsync() {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp || this.currentQueryIndex === 0 || this.isDisposed ) {

			return this.lastValue;

		}

		if ( this.pendingResolve ) {

			return this.pendingResolve;

		}

		this.pendingResolve = this._resolveQueries();

		try {

			const result = await this.pendingResolve;
			return result;

		} finally {

			this.pendingResolve = null;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Internal method to resolve queries and calculate total duration.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @private
	 * @returns {Promise<number>} The total duration in milliseconds.
	 */
	async _resolveQueries() {

		if ( this.isDisposed ) {

			return this.lastValue;

		}

		try {

			if ( this.resultBuffer.mapState !== 'unmapped' ) {

				return this.lastValue;

			}

			const currentOffsets = new Map( this.queryOffsets );
			const queryCount = this.currentQueryIndex;
			const bytesUsed = queryCount * 8;

			// Reset state before GPU work
			this.currentQueryIndex = 0;
			this.queryOffsets.clear();

			const commandEncoder = this.device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor$1 );

			commandEncoder.resolveQuerySet(
				this.querySet,
				0,
				queryCount,
				this.resolveBuffer,
				0
			);

			commandEncoder.copyBufferToBuffer(
				this.resolveBuffer,
				0,
				this.resultBuffer,
				0,
				bytesUsed
			);

			const commandBuffer = commandEncoder.finish();
			submit( this.device, commandBuffer );

			if ( this.resultBuffer.mapState !== 'unmapped' ) {

				return this.lastValue;

			}

			// Create and track the mapping operation
			await this.resultBuffer.mapAsync( GPUMapMode.READ, 0, bytesUsed );

			if ( this.isDisposed ) {

				if ( this.resultBuffer.mapState === 'mapped' ) {

					this.resultBuffer.unmap();

				}

				return this.lastValue;

			}

			//

			const times = new BigUint64Array( this.resultBuffer.getMappedRange( 0, bytesUsed ) );
			const framesDuration = {};

			const frames = [];

			for ( const [ uid, baseOffset ] of currentOffsets ) {

				const match = uid.match( /^(.*):f(\d+)$/ );
				const frame = parseInt( match[ 2 ] );

				if ( frames.includes( frame ) === false ) {

					frames.push( frame );

				}

				if ( framesDuration[ frame ] === undefined ) framesDuration[ frame ] = 0;

				const startTime = times[ baseOffset ];
				const endTime = times[ baseOffset + 1 ];
				const duration = Number( endTime - startTime ) / 1e6;

				this.timestamps.set( uid, duration );

				framesDuration[ frame ] += duration;

			}

			// Return the total duration of the last frame
			const totalDuration = framesDuration[ frames[ frames.length - 1 ] ];

			this.resultBuffer.unmap();
			this.lastValue = totalDuration;
			this.frames = frames;

			return totalDuration;

		} catch ( e ) {

			error( 'Error resolving queries:', e );
			if ( this.resultBuffer.mapState === 'mapped' ) {

				this.resultBuffer.unmap();

			}

			return this.lastValue;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Dispose of the query pool.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @returns {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the dispose has been executed.
	 */
	async dispose() {

		if ( this.isDisposed ) {

			return;

		}

		this.isDisposed = true;

		// Wait for pending resolve operation
		if ( this.pendingResolve ) {

			try {

				await this.pendingResolve;

			} catch ( e ) {

				error( 'Error waiting for pending resolve:', e );

			}

		}

		// Ensure buffer is unmapped before destroying
		if ( this.resultBuffer && this.resultBuffer.mapState === 'mapped' ) {

			try {

				this.resultBuffer.unmap();

			} catch ( e ) {

				error( 'Error unmapping buffer:', e );

			}

		}

		// Destroy resources
		if ( this.querySet ) {

			this.querySet.destroy();
			this.querySet = null;

		}

		if ( this.resolveBuffer ) {

			this.resolveBuffer.destroy();
			this.resolveBuffer = null;

		}

		if ( this.resultBuffer ) {

			this.resultBuffer.destroy();
			this.resultBuffer = null;

		}

		this.queryOffsets.clear();
		this.pendingResolve = null;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPUCommandEncoder.beginComputePass()`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPUComputePassDescriptor {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The label of the compute pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.label = '';

		/**
		 * Defines which timestamp values are written and where.
		 *
		 * @type {Object|undefined}
		 */
		this.timestampWrites = undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.label = '';
		this.timestampWrites = undefined;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPURenderPassDepthStencilAttachment`, the
 * `depthStencilAttachment` field of `GPURenderPassDescriptor`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPURenderPassDepthStencilAttachment {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The depth/stencil texture view the pass renders into.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUTextureView}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.view = null;

		/**
		 * The load operation applied to the depth aspect at the start of the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.depthLoadOp = undefined;

		/**
		 * The store operation applied to the depth aspect at the end of the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.depthStoreOp = undefined;

		/**
		 * The clear value used when `depthLoadOp` is `'clear'`.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.depthClearValue = undefined;

		/**
		 * Whether the depth aspect is read-only.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.depthReadOnly = false;

		/**
		 * The load operation applied to the stencil aspect at the start of the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.stencilLoadOp = undefined;

		/**
		 * The store operation applied to the stencil aspect at the end of the pass.
		 *
		 * @type {string|undefined}
		 */
		this.stencilStoreOp = undefined;

		/**
		 * The clear value used when `stencilLoadOp` is `'clear'`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.stencilClearValue = 0;

		/**
		 * Whether the stencil aspect is read-only.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.stencilReadOnly = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.view = null;
		this.depthLoadOp = undefined;
		this.depthStoreOp = undefined;
		this.depthClearValue = undefined;
		this.depthReadOnly = false;
		this.stencilLoadOp = undefined;
		this.stencilStoreOp = undefined;
		this.stencilClearValue = 0;
		this.stencilReadOnly = false;

	}

}

/**
 * Reusable descriptor for `GPURenderPassTimestampWrites`, the
 * `timestampWrites` field of `GPURenderPassDescriptor`. The same shape is
 * also accepted as `GPUComputePassTimestampWrites`.
 *
 * @private
 */
class GPURenderPassTimestampWrites {

	constructor() {

		/**
		 * The query set the timestamps are written to.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUQuerySet}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.querySet = null;

		/**
		 * The index in the query set the beginning timestamp is written to.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.beginningOfPassWriteIndex = undefined;

		/**
		 * The index in the query set the ending timestamp is written to.
		 *
		 * @type {number|undefined}
		 */
		this.endOfPassWriteIndex = undefined;

	}

	/**
	 * Resets the descriptor to its default state.
	 */
	reset() {

		this.querySet = null;
		this.beginningOfPassWriteIndex = undefined;
		this.endOfPassWriteIndex = undefined;

	}

}

// debugger tools
// import 'https://greggman.github.io/webgpu-avoid-redundant-state-setting/webgpu-check-redundant-state-setting.js';


const _clearValue = { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 };
const _bufferDescriptor = new GPUBufferDescriptor();
const _commandEncoderDescriptor = new GPUCommandEncoderDescriptor();
const _computePassDescriptor = new GPUComputePassDescriptor();
const _querySetDescriptor = new GPUQuerySetDescriptor();
const _shaderModuleDescriptor = new GPUShaderModuleDescriptor();
const _renderPassTimestampWrites = new GPURenderPassTimestampWrites();
const _texelCopyTextureInfoSrc = new GPUTexelCopyTextureInfo();
const _texelCopyTextureInfoDst = new GPUTexelCopyTextureInfo();
const _viewDescriptor = new GPUTextureViewDescriptor();
const _extent3D = new GPUExtent3D();

/**
 * A backend implementation targeting WebGPU.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments Backend
 */
class WebGPUBackend extends Backend {

	/**
	 * WebGPUBackend options.
	 *
	 * @typedef {Object} WebGPUBackend~Options
	 * @property {boolean} [logarithmicDepthBuffer=false] - Whether logarithmic depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [reversedDepthBuffer=false] - Whether reversed depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [alpha=true] - Whether the default framebuffer (which represents the final contents of the canvas) should be transparent or opaque.
	 * @property {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a depth buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [stencil=false] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a stencil buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [antialias=false] - Whether MSAA as the default anti-aliasing should be enabled or not.
	 * @property {number} [samples=0] - When `antialias` is `true`, `4` samples are used by default. Set this parameter to any other integer value than 0 to overwrite the default.
	 * @property {boolean} [forceWebGL=false] - If set to `true`, the renderer uses a WebGL 2 backend no matter if WebGPU is supported or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [trackTimestamp=false] - Whether to track timestamps with a Timestamp Query API or not.
	 * @property {string} [powerPreference=undefined] - The power preference.
	 * @property {Object} [requiredLimits=undefined] - Specifies the limits that are required by the device request. The request will fail if the adapter cannot provide these limits.
	 * @property {GPUDevice} [device=undefined] - If there is an existing GPU device on app level, it can be passed to the renderer as a parameter.
	 * @property {number} [outputType=undefined] - Texture type for output to canvas. By default, device's preferred format is used; other formats may incur overhead.
	 */

	/**
	 * Constructs a new WebGPU backend.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPUBackend~Options} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters = {} ) {

		super( parameters );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isWebGPUBackend = true;

		// some parameters require default values other than "undefined"
		this.parameters.alpha = ( parameters.alpha === undefined ) ? true : parameters.alpha;

		this.parameters.requiredLimits = ( parameters.requiredLimits === undefined ) ? {} : parameters.requiredLimits;

		/**
		 * Indicates whether the backend is in WebGPU compatibility mode or not.
		 * The backend must be initialized before the property can be evaluated.
		 *
		 * @type {?boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.compatibilityMode = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the device.
		 *
		 * @type {?GPUDevice}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.device = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to the default render pass descriptor.
		 *
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.defaultRenderPassdescriptor = null;

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding common utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUUtils}
		 */
		this.utils = new WebGPUUtils( this );

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding shader attribute-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUAttributeUtils}
		 */
		this.attributeUtils = new WebGPUAttributeUtils( this );

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding shader binding-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUBindingUtils}
		 */
		this.bindingUtils = new WebGPUBindingUtils( this );

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding device capability related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUCapabilities}
		 */
		this.capabilities = new WebGPUCapabilities( this );

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding shader pipeline-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUPipelineUtils}
		 */
		this.pipelineUtils = new WebGPUPipelineUtils( this );

		/**
		 * A reference to a backend module holding shader texture-related
		 * utility functions.
		 *
		 * @type {WebGPUTextureUtils}
		 */
		this.textureUtils = new WebGPUTextureUtils( this );

		/**
		 * A map that manages the resolve buffers for occlusion queries.
		 *
		 * @type {Map<number,GPUBuffer>}
		 */
		this.occludedResolveCache = new Map();

		// compatibility checks

		const compatibilityTextureCompare = typeof navigator === 'undefined' ? true : /Android/.test( navigator.userAgent ) === false;

		/**
		 * A map of compatibility checks.
		 *
		 * @type {Object}
		 */
		this._compatibility = {
			[ Compatibility.TEXTURE_COMPARE ]: compatibilityTextureCompare
		};

	}

	/**
	 * Initializes the backend so it is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the backend has been initialized.
	 */
	async init( renderer ) {

		await super.init( renderer );

		//

		const parameters = this.parameters;

		// create the device if it is not passed with parameters

		let device;

		if ( parameters.device === undefined ) {

			const adapterOptions = {
				powerPreference: parameters.powerPreference,
				featureLevel: 'compatibility',
				xrCompatible: renderer.xr.enabled
			};

			const adapter = ( typeof navigator !== 'undefined' ) ? await navigator.gpu.requestAdapter( adapterOptions ) : null;

			if ( adapter === null ) {

				throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGPUBackend: Unable to create WebGPU adapter.' );

			}

			// feature support

			const features = Object.values( GPUFeatureName );

			const supportedFeatures = [];

			for ( const name of features ) {

				if ( adapter.features.has( name ) ) {

					supportedFeatures.push( name );

				}

			}

			const deviceDescriptor = {
				requiredFeatures: supportedFeatures,
				requiredLimits: parameters.requiredLimits
			};

			device = await adapter.requestDevice( deviceDescriptor );

		} else {

			device = parameters.device;

		}

		this.compatibilityMode = ! device.features.has( 'core-features-and-limits' );

		if ( this.compatibilityMode ) {

			renderer._samples = 0;

		}

		device.lost.then( ( info ) => {

			if ( info.reason === 'destroyed' ) return;

			const deviceLossInfo = {
				api: 'WebGPU',
				message: info.message || 'Unknown reason',
				reason: info.reason || null,
				originalEvent: info
			};

			renderer.onDeviceLost( deviceLossInfo );

		} );

		device.onuncapturederror = ( event ) => {

			const gpuError = event.error;
			const type = gpuError && gpuError.constructor ? gpuError.constructor.name : 'GPUError';
			const message = ( gpuError && gpuError.message ) || 'Unknown uncaptured GPU error';

			renderer.onError( {
				api: 'WebGPU',
				type,
				message,
				originalEvent: event
			} );

		};

		this.device = device;

		this.trackTimestamp = this.trackTimestamp && this.hasFeature( GPUFeatureName.TimestampQuery );

		this.updateSize();

	}

	/**
	 * Registers external GPU textures from `XRGPUBinding` for use in rendering.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to register the textures for.
	 * @param {GPUTexture} colorTexture - The shared XR color GPUTexture.
	 * @param {?Array<Object>} [viewDescriptors=null] - Optional view descriptors, one per XR view.
	 */
	setXRRenderTargetTextures( renderTarget, colorTexture, viewDescriptors = null ) {

		this.set( renderTarget.texture, {
			texture: colorTexture,
			format: colorTexture.format,
			externalTexture: true,
			xrViewDescriptors: viewDescriptors,
			initialized: true
		} );

	}

	/**
	 * A reference to the context.
	 *
	 * @type {?GPUCanvasContext}
	 * @default null
	 */
	get context() {

		const canvasTarget = this.renderer.getCanvasTarget();
		const canvasData = this.get( canvasTarget );

		let context = canvasData.context;

		if ( context === undefined ) {

			const parameters = this.parameters;

			if ( canvasTarget.isDefaultCanvasTarget === true && parameters.context !== undefined ) {

				context = parameters.context;

			} else {

				context = canvasTarget.domElement.getContext( 'webgpu' );

			}

			// OffscreenCanvas does not have setAttribute, see #22811
			if ( 'setAttribute' in canvasTarget.domElement ) canvasTarget.domElement.setAttribute( 'data-engine', `three.js r${ REVISION } webgpu` );

			const alphaMode = parameters.alpha ? 'premultiplied' : 'opaque';

			const toneMappingMode = parameters.outputType === HalfFloatType ? 'extended' : 'standard';

			context.configure( {
				device: this.device,
				format: this.utils.getPreferredCanvasFormat(),
				usage: GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT | GPUTextureUsage.COPY_SRC,
				alphaMode: alphaMode,
				toneMapping: {
					mode: toneMappingMode
				}
			} );

			canvasData.context = context;

		}

		return context;

	}

	/**
	 * The coordinate system of the backend.
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get coordinateSystem() {

		return WebGPUCoordinateSystem;

	}

	/**
	 * Whether the backend supports query timestamps or not.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @readonly
	 */
	get hasTimestamp() {

		return true;

	}

	/**
	 * This method performs a readback operation by moving buffer data from
	 * a storage buffer attribute from the GPU to the CPU. ReadbackBuffer can
	 * be used to retain and reuse handles to the intermediate buffers and prevent
	 * new allocation.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The storage buffer attribute to read frm.
	 * @param {number} count - The offset from which to start reading the
	 * @param {number} offset - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @param {ReadbackBuffer|ArrayBuffer} target - The storage buffer attribute.
	 * @return {Promise<ArrayBuffer|ReadbackBuffer>} A promise that resolves with the buffer data when the data are ready.
	 */
	async getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target = null, offset = 0, count = -1 ) {

		return await this.attributeUtils.getArrayBufferAsync( attribute, target, offset, count );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the backend's rendering context.
	 *
	 * @return {GPUCanvasContext} The rendering context.
	 */
	getContext() {

		return this.context;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the default render pass descriptor.
	 *
	 * In WebGPU, the default framebuffer must be configured
	 * like custom framebuffers so the backend needs a render
	 * pass descriptor even when rendering directly to screen.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return {GPURenderPassDescriptor} The render pass descriptor.
	 */
	_getDefaultRenderPassDescriptor() {

		const renderer = this.renderer;
		const canvasTarget = renderer.getCanvasTarget();
		const canvasData = this.get( canvasTarget );
		const samples = renderer.currentSamples;

		let descriptor = canvasData.descriptor;

		if ( descriptor === undefined || canvasData.samples !== samples ) {

			descriptor = new GPURenderPassDescriptor();
			descriptor.colorAttachments.push( new GPURenderPassColorAttachment() );

			if ( renderer.depth === true || renderer.stencil === true ) {

				const depthStencilAttachment = new GPURenderPassDepthStencilAttachment();
				depthStencilAttachment.view = this.textureUtils.getDepthBuffer( renderer.depth, renderer.stencil ).createView();
				descriptor.depthStencilAttachment = depthStencilAttachment;

			}

			const colorAttachment = descriptor.colorAttachments[ 0 ];

			if ( samples > 0 ) {

				colorAttachment.view = this.textureUtils.getColorBuffer().createView();

			} else {

				colorAttachment.resolveTarget = undefined;

			}

			canvasData.descriptor = descriptor;
			canvasData.samples = samples;

		}

		const colorAttachment = descriptor.colorAttachments[ 0 ];

		if ( samples > 0 ) {

			colorAttachment.resolveTarget = this.context.getCurrentTexture().createView();

		} else {

			colorAttachment.view = this.context.getCurrentTexture().createView();

		}

		return descriptor;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the render target is a render target array with depth 2D array texture.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the render target is a render target array with depth 2D array texture.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_isRenderCameraDepthArray( renderContext ) {

		const camera = renderContext.camera;

		return renderContext.depthTexture && renderContext.depthTexture.isArrayTexture === true && camera !== null && camera.isArrayCamera === true;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the current render context references external textures.
	 *
	 * External textures can change every frame, so their descriptors must not be cached.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the render context uses external textures.
	 */
	_hasExternalTexture( renderContext ) {

		const textures = renderContext.textures;

		if ( textures === null ) return false;

		for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

			if ( this.get( textures[ i ] ).externalTexture === true ) return true;

		}

		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates attachment views for an external texture render target.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Object} textureData - The backend data for the texture.
	 * @return {Array<Object>} The attachment view descriptors.
	 */
	_createExternalTextureViews( renderContext, textureData ) {

		const textureViews = [];
		const camera = renderContext.camera;

		if ( textureData.xrViewDescriptors && camera !== null && camera.isArrayCamera === true ) {

			for ( let i = 0; i < textureData.xrViewDescriptors.length; i ++ ) {

				textureViews.push( {
					view: textureData.texture.createView( textureData.xrViewDescriptors[ i ] ),
					resolveTarget: undefined,
					depthSlice: undefined
				} );

			}

		} else {

			textureViews.push( {
				view: textureData.texture.createView( {
					dimension: GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoD,
					baseArrayLayer: renderContext.activeCubeFace,
					arrayLayerCount: 1
				} ),
				resolveTarget: undefined,
				depthSlice: undefined
			} );

		}

		return textureViews;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the render pass descriptor for the given render context.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Object} colorAttachmentsConfig - Configuration object for the color attachments.
	 * @return {Object} The render pass descriptor.
	 */
	_getRenderPassDescriptor( renderContext, colorAttachmentsConfig = {} ) {

		const renderTarget = renderContext.renderTarget;
		const renderTargetData = this.get( renderTarget );
		const hasExternalTexture = this._hasExternalTexture( renderContext );

		let descriptors = renderTargetData.descriptors;

		if ( descriptors === undefined ||
			renderTargetData.width !== renderTarget.width ||
			renderTargetData.height !== renderTarget.height ||
			renderTargetData.samples !== renderTarget.samples ||
			hasExternalTexture
		) {

			descriptors = {};

			renderTargetData.descriptors = descriptors;

		}

		const cacheKey = renderContext.getCacheKey();
		let descriptorBase = descriptors[ cacheKey ];

		if ( descriptorBase === undefined || hasExternalTexture ) {

			const textures = renderContext.textures;
			const textureViews = [];

			let sliceIndex;

			const isRenderCameraDepthArray = this._isRenderCameraDepthArray( renderContext );

			for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

				const textureData = this.get( textures[ i ] );

				if ( textureData.externalTexture === true ) {

					textureViews.push( ...this._createExternalTextureViews( renderContext, textureData ) );
					continue;

				}

				_viewDescriptor.label = `colorAttachment_${ i }`;
				_viewDescriptor.baseMipLevel = renderContext.activeMipmapLevel;
				_viewDescriptor.mipLevelCount = 1;
				_viewDescriptor.baseArrayLayer = renderContext.activeCubeFace;
				_viewDescriptor.arrayLayerCount = 1;
				_viewDescriptor.dimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoD;

				if ( renderTarget.isRenderTarget3D ) {

					sliceIndex = renderContext.activeCubeFace;

					_viewDescriptor.baseArrayLayer = 0;
					_viewDescriptor.dimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.ThreeD;

				} else if ( renderTarget.isRenderTarget && textures[ i ].image.depth > 1 ) {

					if ( isRenderCameraDepthArray === true ) {

						const cameras = renderContext.camera.cameras;
						for ( let layer = 0; layer < cameras.length; layer ++ ) {

							_viewDescriptor.baseArrayLayer = layer;
							_viewDescriptor.arrayLayerCount = 1;
							_viewDescriptor.dimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoD;

							const textureView = textureData.texture.createView( _viewDescriptor );
							textureViews.push( {
								view: textureView,
								resolveTarget: undefined,
								depthSlice: undefined
							} );

						}

					} else {

						_viewDescriptor.dimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoDArray;

					}

				}

				if ( isRenderCameraDepthArray !== true ) {

					const textureView = textureData.texture.createView( _viewDescriptor );

					let view, resolveTarget;

					if ( textureData.msaaTexture !== undefined ) {

						view = textureData.msaaTexture.createView();
						resolveTarget = renderTarget.resolveColorBuffer === true ? textureView : undefined;

					} else {

						view = textureView;
						resolveTarget = undefined;

					}

					textureViews.push( {
						view,
						resolveTarget,
						depthSlice: sliceIndex
					} );

				}

				_viewDescriptor.reset();

			}

			const colorAttachments = [];

			for ( let i = 0; i < textureViews.length; i ++ ) {

				const viewInfo = textureViews[ i ];
				const attachment = new GPURenderPassColorAttachment();
				attachment.view = viewInfo.view;
				attachment.depthSlice = viewInfo.depthSlice;
				attachment.resolveTarget = viewInfo.resolveTarget;
				colorAttachments.push( attachment );

			}

			descriptorBase = {
				textureViews,
				colorAttachments,
				descriptor: new GPURenderPassDescriptor()
			};

			if ( renderContext.depth ) {

				const depthTextureData = this.get( renderContext.depthTexture );

				if ( renderContext.depthTexture.isArrayTexture || renderContext.depthTexture.isCubeTexture ) {

					_viewDescriptor.dimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoD;
					_viewDescriptor.arrayLayerCount = 1;
					_viewDescriptor.baseArrayLayer = renderContext.activeCubeFace;

				}

				const depthStencilAttachment = new GPURenderPassDepthStencilAttachment();
				depthStencilAttachment.view = depthTextureData.texture.createView( _viewDescriptor );
				descriptorBase.depthStencilAttachment = depthStencilAttachment;

				_viewDescriptor.reset();

			}

			descriptors[ cacheKey ] = descriptorBase;

			renderTargetData.width = renderTarget.width;
			renderTargetData.height = renderTarget.height;
			renderTargetData.samples = renderTarget.samples;
			renderTargetData.activeMipmapLevel = renderContext.activeMipmapLevel;
			renderTargetData.activeCubeFace = renderContext.activeCubeFace;

		}

		const descriptor = descriptorBase.descriptor;

		descriptor.reset();

		// Apply dynamic properties to cached attachments
		for ( let i = 0; i < descriptorBase.colorAttachments.length; i ++ ) {

			const attachment = descriptorBase.colorAttachments[ i ];

			let clearValue = { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 };
			if ( i === 0 && colorAttachmentsConfig.clearValue ) {

				clearValue = colorAttachmentsConfig.clearValue;

			}

			attachment.loadOp = colorAttachmentsConfig.loadOp || GPULoadOp.Load;
			attachment.storeOp = colorAttachmentsConfig.storeOp || GPUStoreOp.Store;
			attachment.clearValue = clearValue;

			descriptor.colorAttachments.push( attachment );

		}

		if ( descriptorBase.depthStencilAttachment ) {

			descriptor.depthStencilAttachment = descriptorBase.depthStencilAttachment;

		}

		return descriptor;

	}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the beginning of a render call and prepares
	 * the WebGPU state for upcoming render calls
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	beginRender( renderContext ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		//

		const device = this.device;
		const occlusionQueryCount = renderContext.occlusionQueryCount;

		let occlusionQuerySet;

		if ( occlusionQueryCount > 0 ) {

			if ( renderContextData.currentOcclusionQuerySet ) renderContextData.currentOcclusionQuerySet.destroy();
			if ( renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryBuffer ) renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryBuffer.destroy();

			// Get a reference to the array of objects with queries. The renderContextData property
			// can be changed by another render pass before the buffer.mapAsyc() completes.
			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQuerySet = renderContextData.occlusionQuerySet;
			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryBuffer = renderContextData.occlusionQueryBuffer;
			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryObjects = renderContextData.occlusionQueryObjects;

			//

			_querySetDescriptor.label = `occlusionQuerySet_${ renderContext.id }`;
			_querySetDescriptor.type = 'occlusion';
			_querySetDescriptor.count = occlusionQueryCount;

			occlusionQuerySet = device.createQuerySet( _querySetDescriptor );

			_querySetDescriptor.reset();

			renderContextData.occlusionQuerySet = occlusionQuerySet;
			renderContextData.occlusionQueryIndex = 0;
			renderContextData.occlusionQueryObjects = new Array( occlusionQueryCount );

			renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject = null;

		} else if ( renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject !== undefined ) {

			// invalidate if there is a stale query

			renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject = undefined;

			renderContextData.occlusionQuerySet.destroy();
			renderContextData.occlusionQuerySet = undefined;

		}

		let descriptor;

		if ( renderContext.textures === null ) {

			descriptor = this._getDefaultRenderPassDescriptor();

		} else {

			descriptor = this._getRenderPassDescriptor( renderContext, { loadOp: GPULoadOp.Load } );

		}

		this.initTimestampQuery( TimestampQuery.RENDER, this.getTimestampUID( renderContext ), descriptor );

		descriptor.occlusionQuerySet = occlusionQuerySet;

		const depthStencilAttachment = descriptor.depthStencilAttachment;
		const renderTarget = renderContext.renderTarget;

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null ) {

			const colorAttachments = descriptor.colorAttachments;

			for ( let i = 0; i < colorAttachments.length; i ++ ) {

				const colorAttachment = colorAttachments[ i ];

				if ( renderContext.clearColor ) {

					if ( i === 0 ) {

						colorAttachment.clearValue = renderContext.clearColorValue;

					} else {

						_clearValue.r = 0;
						_clearValue.g = 0;
						_clearValue.b = 0;
						_clearValue.a = 1;

						colorAttachment.clearValue = _clearValue;

					}

					colorAttachment.loadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;

				} else {

					colorAttachment.loadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

				}

				if ( renderContext.sampleCount > 1 && renderTarget?.storeMultisampledColorBuffer === false ) {

					colorAttachment.storeOp = GPUStoreOp.Discard;

				} else {

					colorAttachment.storeOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

				}

			}

		} else {

			const colorAttachment = descriptor.colorAttachments[ 0 ];

			if ( renderContext.clearColor ) {

				colorAttachment.clearValue = renderContext.clearColorValue;
				colorAttachment.loadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;

			} else {

				colorAttachment.loadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

			}

		  	colorAttachment.storeOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

		}

		//

		if ( renderContext.depth ) {

			if ( renderContext.clearDepth ) {

				depthStencilAttachment.depthClearValue = renderContext.clearDepthValue;
				depthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;

			} else {

				depthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

			}

			if ( renderContext.sampleCount > 1 && renderTarget?.storeMultisampledDepthBuffer === false ) {

				depthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Discard;

			} else {

				depthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			}

		}

		if ( renderContext.stencil ) {

		  if ( renderContext.clearStencil ) {

				depthStencilAttachment.stencilClearValue = renderContext.clearStencilValue;
				depthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;

			} else {

				depthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

			}

			if ( renderContext.sampleCount > 1 && renderTarget?.storeMultisampledStencilBuffer === false ) {

				depthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Discard;

			} else {

				depthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			}

		}

		//

		_commandEncoderDescriptor.label = 'renderContext_' + renderContext.id;
		const encoder = device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor );
		_commandEncoderDescriptor.reset();

		// Layered render targets: prepare bundle encoders for each camera in the array camera.

		if ( this._isRenderCameraDepthArray( renderContext ) === true ) {

			const cameras = renderContext.camera.cameras;

			if ( ! renderContextData.layerDescriptors || renderContextData.layerDescriptors.length !== cameras.length ) {

				this._createArrayCameraLayerDescriptors( renderContext, renderContextData, descriptor, cameras );

			} else {

				this._updateArrayCameraLayerDescriptors( renderContext, renderContextData, cameras );

			}

			// Create bundle encoders for each layer
			renderContextData.bundleEncoders = [];
			renderContextData.bundleSets = [];

			// Create separate bundle encoders for each camera in the array
			for ( let i = 0; i < cameras.length; i ++ ) {

				const bundleEncoder = this.pipelineUtils.createBundleEncoder(
					renderContext,
					'renderBundleArrayCamera_' + i
				);

				// Initialize state tracking for this bundle
				const bundleSets = {
					attributes: {},
					bindingGroups: [],
					pipeline: null,
					index: null
				};

				renderContextData.bundleEncoders.push( bundleEncoder );
				renderContextData.bundleSets.push( bundleSets );

			}

			// We'll complete the bundles in finishRender
			renderContextData.currentPass = null;

		} else {

			const currentPass = encoder.beginRenderPass( descriptor );
			renderContextData.currentPass = currentPass;

			if ( renderContext.viewport ) {

				this.updateViewport( renderContext );

			}

			if ( renderContext.scissor ) {

				this.updateScissor( renderContext );

			}

		}

		//

		renderContextData.descriptor = descriptor;
		renderContextData.encoder = encoder;
		renderContextData.currentSets = { attributes: {}, bindingGroups: [], pipeline: null, index: null };
		renderContextData.renderBundles = [];

	}

	/**
	 * Creates render pass descriptors for each camera in an array camera.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Object} renderContextData - The render context data.
	 * @param {Object} descriptor  - The render pass descriptor.
	 * @param {ArrayCamera} cameras - The array camera.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_createArrayCameraLayerDescriptors( renderContext, renderContextData, descriptor, cameras ) {

		const depthStencilAttachment = descriptor.depthStencilAttachment;
		renderContextData.layerDescriptors = [];

		const depthTextureData = this.get( renderContext.depthTexture );
		if ( ! depthTextureData.viewCache ) {

			depthTextureData.viewCache = [];

		}

		for ( let i = 0; i < cameras.length; i ++ ) {

			const sourceAttachment = descriptor.colorAttachments[ 0 ];

			const layerColorAttachment = new GPURenderPassColorAttachment();
			layerColorAttachment.view = descriptor.colorAttachments[ i ].view;
			layerColorAttachment.depthSlice = sourceAttachment.depthSlice;
			layerColorAttachment.resolveTarget = sourceAttachment.resolveTarget;
			layerColorAttachment.loadOp = sourceAttachment.loadOp;
			layerColorAttachment.storeOp = sourceAttachment.storeOp;
			layerColorAttachment.clearValue = sourceAttachment.clearValue;

			const layerDescriptor = new GPURenderPassDescriptor();
			layerDescriptor.label = descriptor.label;
			layerDescriptor.occlusionQuerySet = descriptor.occlusionQuerySet;
			layerDescriptor.timestampWrites = descriptor.timestampWrites;
			layerDescriptor.colorAttachments.push( layerColorAttachment );

			if ( descriptor.depthStencilAttachment ) {

				const layerIndex = i;

				if ( ! depthTextureData.viewCache[ layerIndex ] ) {

					_viewDescriptor.dimension = GPUTextureViewDimension.TwoD;
					_viewDescriptor.baseArrayLayer = i;
					_viewDescriptor.arrayLayerCount = 1;

					depthTextureData.viewCache[ layerIndex ] = depthTextureData.texture.createView( _viewDescriptor );

					_viewDescriptor.reset();

				}

				const layerDepthStencilAttachment = new GPURenderPassDepthStencilAttachment();
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.view = depthTextureData.viewCache[ layerIndex ];
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp = depthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp || GPULoadOp.Clear;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp = depthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp || GPUStoreOp.Store;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.depthClearValue = depthStencilAttachment.depthClearValue || 1.0;

				if ( renderContext.stencil ) {

					layerDepthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp = depthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp;
					layerDepthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp = depthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp;
					layerDepthStencilAttachment.stencilClearValue = depthStencilAttachment.stencilClearValue;

				}

				layerDescriptor.depthStencilAttachment = layerDepthStencilAttachment;

			} else {

				const layerDepthStencilAttachment = new GPURenderPassDepthStencilAttachment();
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.view = depthStencilAttachment.view;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp = depthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp = depthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.depthClearValue = depthStencilAttachment.depthClearValue;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.depthReadOnly = depthStencilAttachment.depthReadOnly;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp = depthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp = depthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.stencilClearValue = depthStencilAttachment.stencilClearValue;
				layerDepthStencilAttachment.stencilReadOnly = depthStencilAttachment.stencilReadOnly;
				layerDescriptor.depthStencilAttachment = layerDepthStencilAttachment;

			}

			renderContextData.layerDescriptors.push( layerDescriptor );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates render pass descriptors for each camera in an array camera.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Object} renderContextData - The render context data.
	 * @param {ArrayCamera} cameras - The array camera.
	 *
	 */
	_updateArrayCameraLayerDescriptors( renderContext, renderContextData, cameras ) {

		for ( let i = 0; i < cameras.length; i ++ ) {

			const layerDescriptor = renderContextData.layerDescriptors[ i ];

			if ( layerDescriptor.depthStencilAttachment ) {

				const depthAttachment = layerDescriptor.depthStencilAttachment;

				if ( renderContext.depth ) {

					if ( renderContext.clearDepth ) {

						depthAttachment.depthClearValue = renderContext.clearDepthValue;
						depthAttachment.depthLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;

					} else {

						depthAttachment.depthLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

					}

				}

				if ( renderContext.stencil ) {

					if ( renderContext.clearStencil ) {

						depthAttachment.stencilClearValue = renderContext.clearStencilValue;
						depthAttachment.stencilLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;

					} else {

						depthAttachment.stencilLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

					}

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the end of a render call and finalizes work
	 * after draw calls.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	finishRender( renderContext ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );
		const occlusionQueryCount = renderContext.occlusionQueryCount;

		if ( renderContextData.renderBundles.length > 0 ) {

			renderContextData.currentPass.executeBundles( renderContextData.renderBundles );

		}

		const lastOcclusionObject = renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject;

		if ( lastOcclusionObject && lastOcclusionObject.occlusionTest === true ) {

			renderContextData.currentPass.endOcclusionQuery();

		}

		// Layered render targets: execute the bundle for each layer.

		const encoder = renderContextData.encoder;

		if ( this._isRenderCameraDepthArray( renderContext ) === true ) {

		  const bundles = [];

		  for ( let i = 0; i < renderContextData.bundleEncoders.length; i ++ ) {

				const bundleEncoder = renderContextData.bundleEncoders[ i ];
				bundles.push( bundleEncoder.finish() );

			}

		  for ( let i = 0; i < renderContextData.layerDescriptors.length; i ++ ) {

				if ( i < bundles.length ) {

					const layerDescriptor = renderContextData.layerDescriptors[ i ];
					const renderPass = encoder.beginRenderPass( layerDescriptor );

					if ( renderContext.viewport ) {

						const { x, y, width, height, minDepth, maxDepth } = renderContext.viewportValue;
						renderPass.setViewport( x, y, width, height, minDepth, maxDepth );

					}

					if ( renderContext.scissor ) {

						const { x, y, width, height } = renderContext.scissorValue;
						renderPass.setScissorRect( x, y, width, height );

					}

					renderPass.executeBundles( [ bundles[ i ] ] );

					renderPass.end();

				}

			}

		} else if ( renderContextData.currentPass ) {

		  renderContextData.currentPass.end();

		}

		if ( occlusionQueryCount > 0 ) {

			const bufferSize = occlusionQueryCount * 8; // 8 byte entries for query results

			//

			let queryResolveBuffer = this.occludedResolveCache.get( bufferSize );

			if ( queryResolveBuffer === undefined ) {

				_bufferDescriptor.size = bufferSize;
				_bufferDescriptor.usage = GPUBufferUsage.QUERY_RESOLVE | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_SRC;

				queryResolveBuffer = this.device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor );

				_bufferDescriptor.reset();

				this.occludedResolveCache.set( bufferSize, queryResolveBuffer );

			}

			//

			_bufferDescriptor.size = bufferSize;
			_bufferDescriptor.usage = GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST | GPUBufferUsage.MAP_READ;

			const readBuffer = this.device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor );

			_bufferDescriptor.reset();

			// two buffers required here - WebGPU doesn't allow usage of QUERY_RESOLVE & MAP_READ to be combined
			renderContextData.encoder.resolveQuerySet( renderContextData.occlusionQuerySet, 0, occlusionQueryCount, queryResolveBuffer, 0 );
			renderContextData.encoder.copyBufferToBuffer( queryResolveBuffer, 0, readBuffer, 0, bufferSize );

			renderContextData.occlusionQueryBuffer = readBuffer;

			//

			this.resolveOccludedAsync( renderContext );

		}

		submit( this.device, renderContextData.encoder.finish() );


		//

		if ( renderContext.textures !== null ) {

			const textures = renderContext.textures;

			for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {

				const texture = textures[ i ];

				if ( texture.generateMipmaps === true ) {

					this.textureUtils.generateMipmaps( texture );

				}

			}

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the given 3D object is fully occluded by other
	 * 3D objects in the scene.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Object3D} object - The 3D object to test.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the 3D object is fully occluded or not.
	 */
	isOccluded( renderContext, object ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		return renderContextData.occluded && renderContextData.occluded.has( object );

	}

	/**
	 * This method processes the result of occlusion queries and writes it
	 * into render context data.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the occlusion query results have been processed.
	 */
	async resolveOccludedAsync( renderContext ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		// handle occlusion query results

		const { currentOcclusionQueryBuffer, currentOcclusionQueryObjects } = renderContextData;

		if ( currentOcclusionQueryBuffer && currentOcclusionQueryObjects ) {

			const occluded = new WeakSet();

			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryObjects = null;
			renderContextData.currentOcclusionQueryBuffer = null;

			await currentOcclusionQueryBuffer.mapAsync( GPUMapMode.READ );

			const buffer = currentOcclusionQueryBuffer.getMappedRange();
			const results = new BigUint64Array( buffer );

			for ( let i = 0; i < currentOcclusionQueryObjects.length; i ++ ) {

				const object = currentOcclusionQueryObjects[ i ];

				if ( object !== undefined && results[ i ] === BigInt( 0 ) ) {

					occluded.add( object );

				}

			}

			currentOcclusionQueryBuffer.destroy();

			renderContextData.occluded = occluded;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the viewport with the values from the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	updateViewport( renderContext ) {

		const { currentPass } = this.get( renderContext );
		const { x, y, width, height, minDepth, maxDepth } = renderContext.viewportValue;

		currentPass.setViewport( x, y, width, height, minDepth, maxDepth );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the scissor with the values from the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	updateScissor( renderContext ) {

		const { currentPass } = this.get( renderContext );
		const { x, y, width, height } = renderContext.scissorValue;

		currentPass.setScissorRect( x, y, width, height );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the clear color and alpha into a single
	 * color object.
	 *
	 * @return {Color4} The clear color.
	 */
	getClearColor() {

		const clearColor = super.getClearColor();

		// only premultiply alpha when alphaMode is "premultiplied"

		if ( this.renderer.alpha === true ) {

			clearColor.r *= clearColor.a;
			clearColor.g *= clearColor.a;
			clearColor.b *= clearColor.a;

		}

		return clearColor;

	}

	/**
	 * Performs a clear operation.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} color - Whether the color buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} depth - Whether the depth buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {boolean} stencil - Whether the stencil buffer should be cleared or not.
	 * @param {?RenderContext} [renderTargetContext=null] - The render context of the current set render target.
	 */
	clear( color, depth, stencil, renderTargetContext = null ) {

		const device = this.device;
		const renderer = this.renderer;

		let colorAttachments = [];
		let depthStencilAttachment;

		let supportsDepth;
		let supportsStencil;

		if ( color ) {

			const clearColor = this.getClearColor();

			_clearValue.r = clearColor.r;
			_clearValue.g = clearColor.g;
			_clearValue.b = clearColor.b;
			_clearValue.a = clearColor.a;

		}

		if ( renderTargetContext === null ) {

			supportsDepth = renderer.depth;
			supportsStencil = renderer.stencil;

			const descriptor = this._getDefaultRenderPassDescriptor();

			if ( color ) {

				colorAttachments = descriptor.colorAttachments;

				const colorAttachment = colorAttachments[ 0 ];

				colorAttachment.clearValue = _clearValue;
				colorAttachment.loadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;
				colorAttachment.storeOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			}

			if ( supportsDepth || supportsStencil ) {

				depthStencilAttachment = descriptor.depthStencilAttachment;

			}

		} else {

			supportsDepth = renderTargetContext.depth;
			supportsStencil = renderTargetContext.stencil;

			const clearConfig = {
				loadOp: color ? GPULoadOp.Clear : GPULoadOp.Load,
				clearValue: color ? _clearValue : undefined
			};

			if ( supportsDepth ) {

				clearConfig.depthLoadOp = depth ? GPULoadOp.Clear : GPULoadOp.Load;
				clearConfig.depthClearValue = depth ? renderer.getClearDepth() : undefined;
				clearConfig.depthStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			}

			if ( supportsStencil ) {

				clearConfig.stencilLoadOp = stencil ? GPULoadOp.Clear : GPULoadOp.Load;
				clearConfig.stencilClearValue = stencil ? renderer.getClearStencil() : undefined;
				clearConfig.stencilStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			}

			const descriptor = this._getRenderPassDescriptor( renderTargetContext, clearConfig );

			colorAttachments = descriptor.colorAttachments;
			depthStencilAttachment = descriptor.depthStencilAttachment;

		}

		if ( supportsDepth && depthStencilAttachment ) {

			if ( depth ) {

				depthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;
				depthStencilAttachment.depthClearValue = renderer.getClearDepth();
				depthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			} else {

				depthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;
				depthStencilAttachment.depthStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			}

		}

		//

		if ( supportsStencil && depthStencilAttachment ) {

			if ( stencil ) {

				depthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Clear;
				depthStencilAttachment.stencilClearValue = renderer.getClearStencil();
				depthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			} else {

				depthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;
				depthStencilAttachment.stencilStoreOp = GPUStoreOp.Store;

			}

		}

		//

		_commandEncoderDescriptor.label = 'clear';
		const encoder = device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor );
		_commandEncoderDescriptor.reset();

		const currentPass = encoder.beginRenderPass( {
			colorAttachments,
			depthStencilAttachment
		} );

		currentPass.end();

		submit( device, encoder.finish() );

	}

	// compute

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the beginning of a compute call and
	 * prepares the state for upcoming compute tasks.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The compute node(s).
	 */
	beginCompute( computeGroup ) {

		const groupGPU = this.get( computeGroup );

		//

		const label = 'computeGroup_' + computeGroup.id;

		_computePassDescriptor.label = label;
		_commandEncoderDescriptor.label = label;

		this.initTimestampQuery( TimestampQuery.COMPUTE, this.getTimestampUID( computeGroup ), _computePassDescriptor );

		groupGPU.cmdEncoderGPU = this.device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor );
		groupGPU.passEncoderGPU = groupGPU.cmdEncoderGPU.beginComputePass( _computePassDescriptor );
		groupGPU.currentPipeline = null;

		_commandEncoderDescriptor.reset();
		_computePassDescriptor.reset();

	}

	/**
	 * Executes a compute command for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The group of compute nodes of a compute call. Can be a single compute node.
	 * @param {Node} computeNode - The compute node.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 * @param {ComputePipeline} pipeline - The compute pipeline.
	 * @param {number|Array<number>|IndirectStorageBufferAttribute} [dispatchSize=null]
	 * - A single number representing count, or
	 * - An array [x, y, z] representing dispatch size, or
	 * - A IndirectStorageBufferAttribute for indirect dispatch size.
	 */
	compute( computeGroup, computeNode, bindings, pipeline, dispatchSize = null ) {

		const computeNodeData = this.get( computeNode );
		const groupGPU = this.get( computeGroup );
		const { passEncoderGPU } = groupGPU;

		// pipeline

		const pipelineGPU = this.get( pipeline ).pipeline;

		if ( groupGPU.currentPipeline !== pipelineGPU ) {

			passEncoderGPU.setPipeline( pipelineGPU );
			groupGPU.currentPipeline = pipelineGPU;

		}

		// bind groups

		for ( let i = 0, l = bindings.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			const bindGroup = bindings[ i ];
			const bindingsData = this.get( bindGroup );

			passEncoderGPU.setBindGroup( i, bindingsData.group );

		}

		if ( dispatchSize === null ) {

			dispatchSize = computeNode.dispatchSize || computeNode.count;

		}

		// When the dispatchSize is set with a StorageBuffer from the GPU.

		if ( dispatchSize && dispatchSize.isIndirectStorageBufferAttribute ) {

			const dispatchBuffer = this.get( dispatchSize ).buffer;

			passEncoderGPU.dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect( dispatchBuffer, 0 );

			return;

		}

		if ( typeof dispatchSize === 'number' ) {

			// If a single number is given, we calculate the dispatch size based on the workgroup size

			const count = dispatchSize;

			if ( computeNodeData.dispatchSize === undefined || computeNodeData.count !== count ) {

				// cache dispatch size to avoid recalculating it every time

				computeNodeData.dispatchSize = [ 0, 1, 1 ];
				computeNodeData.count = count;

				const workgroupSize = computeNode.workgroupSize;

				let size = workgroupSize[ 0 ];

				for ( let i = 1; i < workgroupSize.length; i ++ )
					size *= workgroupSize[ i ];

				const dispatchCount = Math.ceil( count / size );

				//

				const maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension = this.device.limits.maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension;

				dispatchSize = [ dispatchCount, 1, 1 ];

				if ( dispatchCount > maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension ) {

					dispatchSize[ 0 ] = Math.min( dispatchCount, maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension );
					dispatchSize[ 1 ] = Math.ceil( dispatchCount / maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension );

				}

				computeNodeData.dispatchSize = dispatchSize;

			}

			dispatchSize = computeNodeData.dispatchSize;

		}

		//

		passEncoderGPU.dispatchWorkgroups(
			dispatchSize[ 0 ],
			dispatchSize[ 1 ] || 1,
			dispatchSize[ 2 ] || 1
		);

	}

	/**
	 * This method is executed at the end of a compute call and
	 * finalizes work after compute tasks.
	 *
	 * @param {Node|Array<Node>} computeGroup - The compute node(s).
	 */
	finishCompute( computeGroup ) {

		const groupData = this.get( computeGroup );

		groupData.passEncoderGPU.end();

		submit( this.device, groupData.cmdEncoderGPU.finish() );

	}

	/**
	 * Internal draw function that performs the draw with the given pass encoder.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Info} info - Holds a series of statistical information about the GPU memory and the rendering process.
	 * @param {Object} renderContextData - The render context data object, holding current pass state and occlusion query tracking.
	 * @param {GPURenderPipeline} pipelineGPU - The GPU render pipeline.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bind groups.
	 * @param {Array<BufferAttribute>} vertexBuffers - The vertex buffers.
	 * @param {{vertexCount: number, firstVertex: number, instanceCount: number, firstInstance: number}} drawParams - The draw parameters.
	 * @param {GPURenderPassEncoder|GPURenderBundleEncoder} passEncoderGPU - The GPU pass encoder used for recording draw commands.
	 * @param {Object} currentSets - Tracking object for currently set pipeline, attributes, bind groups, and index state.
	 */
	_draw( renderObject, info, renderContextData, pipelineGPU, bindings, vertexBuffers, drawParams, passEncoderGPU, currentSets ) {

		const { object, material, context } = renderObject;

		const index = renderObject.getIndex();
		const hasIndex = ( index !== null );

		// pipeline

		if ( currentSets.pipeline !== pipelineGPU ) {

			passEncoderGPU.setPipeline( pipelineGPU );
			currentSets.pipeline = pipelineGPU;

		}

		// bind groups

		const currentBindingGroups = currentSets.bindingGroups;

		for ( let i = 0, l = bindings.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			const bindGroup = bindings[ i ];

			if ( currentBindingGroups[ i ] !== bindGroup.id ) {

				const bindingsData = this.get( bindGroup );

				passEncoderGPU.setBindGroup( i, bindingsData.group );
				currentBindingGroups[ i ] = bindGroup.id;

			}

		}

		// attributes

		// index

		if ( hasIndex === true ) {

			if ( currentSets.index !== index ) {

				const buffer = this.get( index ).buffer;
				const indexFormat = ( index.array instanceof Uint16Array ) ? GPUIndexFormat.Uint16 : GPUIndexFormat.Uint32;

				passEncoderGPU.setIndexBuffer( buffer, indexFormat );

				currentSets.index = index;

			}

		}

		for ( let i = 0, l = vertexBuffers.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			const vertexBuffer = vertexBuffers[ i ];

			if ( currentSets.attributes[ i ] !== vertexBuffer ) {

				const buffer = this.get( vertexBuffer ).buffer;
				passEncoderGPU.setVertexBuffer( i, buffer );

				currentSets.attributes[ i ] = vertexBuffer;

			}

		}
		// stencil

		if ( context.stencil === true && material.stencilWrite === true && renderContextData.currentStencilRef !== material.stencilRef ) {

			passEncoderGPU.setStencilReference( material.stencilRef );
			renderContextData.currentStencilRef = material.stencilRef;

		}

		if ( object.isBatchedMesh === true ) {

			const starts = object._multiDrawStarts;
			const counts = object._multiDrawCounts;
			const drawCount = object._multiDrawCount;

			let bytesPerElement = ( hasIndex === true ) ? index.array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT : 1;

			if ( material.wireframe ) {

				bytesPerElement = object.geometry.attributes.position.count > 65535 ? 4 : 2;

			}

			for ( let i = 0; i < drawCount; i ++ ) {

				if ( hasIndex === true ) {

					passEncoderGPU.drawIndexed( counts[ i ], 1, starts[ i ] / bytesPerElement, 0, i );

				} else {

					passEncoderGPU.draw( counts[ i ], 1, starts[ i ], i );

				}

				info.update( object, counts[ i ], 1 );

			}

		} else if ( hasIndex === true ) {

			const { vertexCount: indexCount, instanceCount, firstVertex: firstIndex } = drawParams;

			const indirect = renderObject.getIndirect();

			if ( indirect !== null ) {

				const buffer = this.get( indirect ).buffer;
				const indirectOffset = renderObject.getIndirectOffset();
				const indirectOffsets = Array.isArray( indirectOffset ) ? indirectOffset : [ indirectOffset ];

				for ( let i = 0; i < indirectOffsets.length; i ++ ) {

					passEncoderGPU.drawIndexedIndirect( buffer, indirectOffsets[ i ] );

				}

			} else {

				passEncoderGPU.drawIndexed( indexCount, instanceCount, firstIndex, 0, 0 );

			}

			info.update( object, indexCount, instanceCount );

		} else {

			const { vertexCount, instanceCount, firstVertex } = drawParams;

			const indirect = renderObject.getIndirect();

			if ( indirect !== null ) {

				const buffer = this.get( indirect ).buffer;
				const indirectOffset = renderObject.getIndirectOffset();
				const indirectOffsets = Array.isArray( indirectOffset ) ? indirectOffset : [ indirectOffset ];

				for ( let i = 0; i < indirectOffsets.length; i ++ ) {

					passEncoderGPU.drawIndirect( buffer, indirectOffsets[ i ] );

				}


			} else {

				passEncoderGPU.draw( vertexCount, instanceCount, firstVertex, 0 );

			}

			info.update( object, vertexCount, instanceCount );

		}

	}

	// render object

	/**
	 * Executes a draw command for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object to draw.
	 * @param {Info} info - Holds a series of statistical information about the GPU memory and the rendering process.
	 */
	draw( renderObject, info ) {

		const { object, context, pipeline } = renderObject;
		const renderContextData = this.get( context );
		const pipelineData = this.get( pipeline );
		const pipelineGPU = pipelineData.pipeline;

		// Skip if pipeline has error
		if ( pipelineData.error === true ) return;

		const drawParams = renderObject.getDrawParameters();
		if ( drawParams === null ) return;

		const bindings = renderObject.getBindings();

		// vertex buffers

		const vertexBuffers = renderObject.getVertexBuffers();

		if ( renderObject.camera.isArrayCamera && renderObject.camera.cameras.length > 0 ) {

			const cameraData = this.get( renderObject.camera );
			const cameras = renderObject.camera.cameras;
			const cameraIndex = renderObject.getBindingGroup( 'cameraIndex' );

			if ( cameraData.indexesGPU === undefined || cameraData.indexesGPU.length !== cameras.length ) {

				const bindingsData = this.get( cameraIndex );
				const indexesGPU = [];

				const data = new Uint32Array( [ 0, 0, 0, 0 ] );

				for ( let i = 0, len = cameras.length; i < len; i ++ ) {

					data[ 0 ] = i;

					const { layoutGPU } = bindingsData.layout;

					const bindGroupIndex = this.bindingUtils.createBindGroupIndex( data, layoutGPU );

					indexesGPU.push( bindGroupIndex );

				}

				cameraData.indexesGPU = indexesGPU; // TODO: Create a global library for this

			}

			const pixelRatio = this.renderer.getPixelRatio();

			for ( let i = 0, len = cameras.length; i < len; i ++ ) {

				const subCamera = cameras[ i ];

				if ( object.layers.test( subCamera.layers ) ) {

					const vp = subCamera.viewport;

					let pass = renderContextData.currentPass;
					let sets = renderContextData.currentSets;
					const isBundleEncoder = renderContextData.bundleEncoders !== undefined;

					if ( isBundleEncoder ) {

						const bundleEncoder = renderContextData.bundleEncoders[ i ];
						const bundleSets = renderContextData.bundleSets[ i ];
						pass = bundleEncoder;
						sets = bundleSets;

					}
					// GPURenderBundleEncoder does not support setViewport, only GPURenderPassEncoder does

					if ( vp && ! isBundleEncoder ) {

						pass.setViewport(
							Math.floor( vp.x * pixelRatio ),
							Math.floor( vp.y * pixelRatio ),
							Math.floor( vp.width * pixelRatio ),
							Math.floor( vp.height * pixelRatio ),
							context.viewportValue.minDepth,
							context.viewportValue.maxDepth
						);

					}

					// Set camera index binding for this layer
					if ( cameraIndex && cameraData.indexesGPU ) {

						const indexPos = bindings.indexOf( cameraIndex );
						pass.setBindGroup( indexPos, cameraData.indexesGPU[ i ] );
						sets.bindingGroups[ indexPos ] = cameraIndex.id;

					}

					this._draw( renderObject, info, renderContextData, pipelineGPU, bindings, vertexBuffers, drawParams, pass, sets );

				}

			}

		} else {

			// Regular single camera rendering
			if ( renderContextData.currentPass ) {

				// Handle occlusion queries
				if ( renderContextData.occlusionQuerySet !== undefined ) {

					const lastObject = renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject;
					if ( lastObject !== object ) {

						if ( lastObject !== null && lastObject.occlusionTest === true ) {

							renderContextData.currentPass.endOcclusionQuery();
							renderContextData.occlusionQueryIndex ++;

						}

						if ( object.occlusionTest === true ) {

							renderContextData.currentPass.beginOcclusionQuery( renderContextData.occlusionQueryIndex );
							renderContextData.occlusionQueryObjects[ renderContextData.occlusionQueryIndex ] = object;

						}

						renderContextData.lastOcclusionObject = object;

					}

				}

				this._draw( renderObject, info, renderContextData, pipelineGPU, bindings, vertexBuffers, drawParams, renderContextData.currentPass, renderContextData.currentSets );

			}

		}

	}

	// cache key

	/**
	 * Returns `true` if the render pipeline requires an update.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the render pipeline requires an update or not.
	 */
	needsRenderUpdate( renderObject ) {

		const data = this.get( renderObject );

		const { object, material } = renderObject;

		const utils = this.utils;

		const sampleCount = utils.getSampleCountRenderContext( renderObject.context );
		const colorSpace = utils.getCurrentColorSpace( renderObject.context );
		const colorFormat = utils.getCurrentColorFormat( renderObject.context );
		const depthStencilFormat = utils.getCurrentDepthStencilFormat( renderObject.context );
		const primitiveTopology = utils.getPrimitiveTopology( object, material );
		const frontFaceCW = ( object.isMesh && object.matrixWorld.determinantAffine() < 0 );

		let needsUpdate = false;

		if ( data.material !== material || data.materialVersion !== material.version ||
			data.transparent !== material.transparent || data.blending !== material.blending || data.premultipliedAlpha !== material.premultipliedAlpha ||
			data.blendSrc !== material.blendSrc || data.blendDst !== material.blendDst || data.blendEquation !== material.blendEquation ||
			data.blendSrcAlpha !== material.blendSrcAlpha || data.blendDstAlpha !== material.blendDstAlpha || data.blendEquationAlpha !== material.blendEquationAlpha ||
			data.colorWrite !== material.colorWrite || data.depthWrite !== material.depthWrite || data.depthTest !== material.depthTest || data.depthFunc !== material.depthFunc ||
			data.stencilWrite !== material.stencilWrite || data.stencilFunc !== material.stencilFunc ||
			data.stencilFail !== material.stencilFail || data.stencilZFail !== material.stencilZFail || data.stencilZPass !== material.stencilZPass ||
			data.stencilFuncMask !== material.stencilFuncMask || data.stencilWriteMask !== material.stencilWriteMask ||
			data.side !== material.side || data.alphaToCoverage !== material.alphaToCoverage ||
			data.sampleCount !== sampleCount || data.colorSpace !== colorSpace ||
			data.colorFormat !== colorFormat || data.depthStencilFormat !== depthStencilFormat ||
			data.primitiveTopology !== primitiveTopology ||
			data.frontFaceCW !== frontFaceCW ||
			data.clippingContextCacheKey !== renderObject.clippingContextCacheKey
		) {

			data.material = material; data.materialVersion = material.version;
			data.transparent = material.transparent; data.blending = material.blending; data.premultipliedAlpha = material.premultipliedAlpha;
			data.blendSrc = material.blendSrc; data.blendDst = material.blendDst; data.blendEquation = material.blendEquation;
			data.blendSrcAlpha = material.blendSrcAlpha; data.blendDstAlpha = material.blendDstAlpha; data.blendEquationAlpha = material.blendEquationAlpha;
			data.colorWrite = material.colorWrite;
			data.depthWrite = material.depthWrite; data.depthTest = material.depthTest; data.depthFunc = material.depthFunc;
			data.stencilWrite = material.stencilWrite; data.stencilFunc = material.stencilFunc;
			data.stencilFail = material.stencilFail; data.stencilZFail = material.stencilZFail; data.stencilZPass = material.stencilZPass;
			data.stencilFuncMask = material.stencilFuncMask; data.stencilWriteMask = material.stencilWriteMask;
			data.side = material.side; data.alphaToCoverage = material.alphaToCoverage;
			data.sampleCount = sampleCount;
			data.colorSpace = colorSpace;
			data.colorFormat = colorFormat;
			data.depthStencilFormat = depthStencilFormat;
			data.primitiveTopology = primitiveTopology;
			data.frontFaceCW = frontFaceCW;
			data.clippingContextCacheKey = renderObject.clippingContextCacheKey;

			needsUpdate = true;

		}

		return needsUpdate;

	}

	/**
	 * Returns a cache key that is used to identify render pipelines.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @return {string} The cache key.
	 */
	getRenderCacheKey( renderObject ) {

		const { object, material } = renderObject;

		const utils = this.utils;
		const renderContext = renderObject.context;

		// meshes with negative scale have a different frontFace render pipeline
		// descriptor value so the following must be honored in the cache key

		const frontFaceCW = ( object.isMesh && object.matrixWorld.determinantAffine() < 0 );

		return [
			material.transparent, material.blending, material.premultipliedAlpha,
			material.blendSrc, material.blendDst, material.blendEquation,
			material.blendSrcAlpha, material.blendDstAlpha, material.blendEquationAlpha,
			material.colorWrite,
			material.depthWrite, material.depthTest, material.depthFunc,
			material.stencilWrite, material.stencilFunc,
			material.stencilFail, material.stencilZFail, material.stencilZPass,
			material.stencilFuncMask, material.stencilWriteMask,
			material.side,
			frontFaceCW,
			utils.getSampleCountRenderContext( renderContext ),
			utils.getCurrentColorSpace( renderContext ), utils.getCurrentColorFormat( renderContext ), utils.getCurrentDepthStencilFormat( renderContext ),
			utils.getPrimitiveTopology( object, material ),
			renderObject.getGeometryCacheKey(),
			renderObject.clippingContextCacheKey
		].join();

	}

	// textures

	/**
	 * Updates a GPU sampler for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to update.
	 * @return {string} The current sampler key.
	 */
	updateSampler( binding ) {

		return this.textureUtils.updateSampler( binding );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees the GPU sampler for the given sampler binding.
	 *
	 * @param {Sampler} binding - The sampler binding to free.
	 */
	destroySampler( binding ) {

		this.textureUtils.destroySampler( binding );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a default texture for the given texture that can be used
	 * as a placeholder until the actual texture is ready for usage.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to create a default texture for.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the sampler has been updated or not.
	 */
	createDefaultTexture( texture ) {

		return this.textureUtils.createDefaultTexture( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Defines a texture on the GPU for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	createTexture( texture, options ) {

		this.textureUtils.createTexture( texture, options );

	}

	/**
	 * Uploads the updated texture data to the GPU.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {Object} [options={}] - Optional configuration parameter.
	 */
	updateTexture( texture, options ) {

		this.textureUtils.updateTexture( texture, options );

	}

	/**
	 * Generates mipmaps for the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 */
	generateMipmaps( texture ) {

		this.textureUtils.generateMipmaps( texture );

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU data for the given texture object.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
	 * @param {boolean} [isDefaultTexture=false] - Whether the texture uses a default GPU texture or not.
	 */
	destroyTexture( texture, isDefaultTexture = false ) {

		this.textureUtils.destroyTexture( texture, isDefaultTexture );

	}

	/**
	 * Returns texture data as a typed array.
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture to copy.
	 * @param {number} x - The x coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} y - The y coordinate of the copy origin.
	 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy.
	 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy.
	 * @param {number} faceIndex - The face index.
	 * @return {Promise<TypedArray>} A Promise that resolves with a typed array when the copy operation has finished.
	 */
	async copyTextureToBuffer( texture, x, y, width, height, faceIndex ) {

		return this.textureUtils.copyTextureToBuffer( texture, x, y, width, height, faceIndex );

	}

	/**
	 * Inits a time stamp query for the given render context.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The type of the timestamp query (e.g. 'render', 'compute').
	 * @param {number} uid - Unique id for the context (e.g. render context id).
	 * @param {Object} descriptor - The query descriptor.
	 */
	initTimestampQuery( type, uid, descriptor ) {

		if ( ! this.trackTimestamp ) return;

		if ( ! this.timestampQueryPool[ type ] ) {

			// TODO: Variable maxQueries?
			this.timestampQueryPool[ type ] = new WebGPUTimestampQueryPool( this.device, type, 2048 );

		}

		const timestampQueryPool = this.timestampQueryPool[ type ];

		const baseOffset = timestampQueryPool.allocateQueriesForContext( uid );

		_renderPassTimestampWrites.querySet = timestampQueryPool.querySet;
		_renderPassTimestampWrites.beginningOfPassWriteIndex = baseOffset;
		_renderPassTimestampWrites.endOfPassWriteIndex = baseOffset + 1;

		descriptor.timestampWrites = _renderPassTimestampWrites;

	}


	// node builder

	/**
	 * Returns a node builder for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} object - The render object.
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
	 * @return {WGSLNodeBuilder} The node builder.
	 */
	createNodeBuilder( object, renderer ) {

		return new WGSLNodeBuilder( object, renderer );

	}

	// program

	/**
	 * Creates a shader program from the given programmable stage.
	 *
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} program - The programmable stage.
	 */
	createProgram( program ) {

		const programGPU = this.get( program );

		_shaderModuleDescriptor.label = program.stage + ( program.name !== '' ? `_${ program.name }` : '' );
		_shaderModuleDescriptor.code = program.code;

		programGPU.module = {
			module: this.device.createShaderModule( _shaderModuleDescriptor ),
			entryPoint: 'main'
		};

		_shaderModuleDescriptor.reset();

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the shader program of the given programmable stage.
	 *
	 * @param {ProgrammableStage} program - The programmable stage.
	 */
	destroyProgram( program ) {

		this.delete( program );

	}

	// pipelines

	/**
	 * Creates a render pipeline for the given render object.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderObject} renderObject - The render object.
	 * @param {Array<Promise>} promises - An array of compilation promises which are used in `compileAsync()`.
	 */
	createRenderPipeline( renderObject, promises ) {

		this.pipelineUtils.createRenderPipeline( renderObject, promises );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a compute pipeline for the given compute node.
	 *
	 * @param {ComputePipeline} computePipeline - The compute pipeline.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - The bindings.
	 */
	createComputePipeline( computePipeline, bindings ) {

		this.pipelineUtils.createComputePipeline( computePipeline, bindings );

	}

	/**
	 * Prepares the state for encoding render bundles.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 */
	beginBundle( renderContext ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		renderContextData._currentPass = renderContextData.currentPass;
		renderContextData._currentSets = renderContextData.currentSets;

		renderContextData.currentSets = { attributes: {}, bindingGroups: [], pipeline: null, index: null };
		renderContextData.currentPass = this.pipelineUtils.createBundleEncoder( renderContext );

	}

	/**
	 * After processing render bundles this method finalizes related work.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {RenderBundle} bundle - The render bundle.
	 */
	finishBundle( renderContext, bundle ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		const bundleEncoder = renderContextData.currentPass;
		const bundleGPU = bundleEncoder.finish();

		this.get( bundle ).bundleGPU = bundleGPU;

		// restore render pass state

		renderContextData.currentSets = renderContextData._currentSets;
		renderContextData.currentPass = renderContextData._currentPass;
		renderContextData._currentPass = null;
		renderContextData._currentSets = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Adds a render bundle to the render context data.
	 *
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {RenderBundle} bundle - The render bundle to add.
	 */
	addBundle( renderContext, bundle ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		renderContextData.renderBundles.push( this.get( bundle ).bundleGPU );

	}

	// bindings

	/**
	 * Creates a uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {Buffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer.
	 */
	createUniformBuffer( uniformBuffer ) {

		const uniformBufferData = this.get( uniformBuffer );

		if ( uniformBufferData.buffer === undefined ) {

			const byteLength = uniformBuffer.byteLength;

			const usage = GPUBufferUsage.UNIFORM | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST;

			const visibilities = [];

			if ( uniformBuffer.visibility & GPUShaderStage.VERTEX ) {

				visibilities.push( 'vertex' );

			}

			if ( uniformBuffer.visibility & GPUShaderStage.FRAGMENT ) {

				visibilities.push( 'fragment' );

			}

			if ( uniformBuffer.visibility & GPUShaderStage.COMPUTE ) {

				visibilities.push( 'compute' );

			}

			const bufferVisibility = `(${visibilities.join( ',' )})`;

			_bufferDescriptor.label = `bindingBuffer${uniformBuffer.id}_${uniformBuffer.name}_${bufferVisibility}`;
			_bufferDescriptor.size = byteLength;
			_bufferDescriptor.usage = usage;

			const bufferGPU = this.device.createBuffer( _bufferDescriptor );

			_bufferDescriptor.reset();

			uniformBufferData.buffer = bufferGPU;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU data for the given uniform buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {Buffer} uniformBuffer - The uniform buffer.
	 */
	destroyUniformBuffer( uniformBuffer ) {

		const uniformBufferData = this.get( uniformBuffer );

		uniformBufferData.buffer.destroy();

		this.delete( uniformBuffer );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates bindings from the given bind group definition.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - Array of bind groups.
	 * @param {number} cacheIndex - The cache index.
	 * @param {number} version - The version.
	 */
	createBindings( bindGroup, bindings, cacheIndex, version ) {

		this.bindingUtils.createBindings( bindGroup, bindings, cacheIndex, version );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the given bind group definition.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 * @param {Array<BindGroup>} bindings - Array of bind groups.
	 * @param {number} cacheIndex - The cache index.
	 * @param {number} version - The version.
	 */
	updateBindings( bindGroup, bindings, cacheIndex, version ) {

		this.bindingUtils.createBindings( bindGroup, bindings, cacheIndex, version );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates a buffer binding.
	 *
	 *  @param {Buffer} binding - The buffer binding to update.
	 */
	updateBinding( binding ) {

		this.bindingUtils.updateBinding( binding );

	}

	/**
	 * Delete data associated with the current bind group.
	 *
	 * @param {BindGroup} bindGroup - The bind group.
	 */
	deleteBindGroupData( bindGroup ) {

		this.bindingUtils.deleteBindGroupData( bindGroup );

	}

	// attributes

	/**
	 * Creates the buffer of an indexed shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The indexed buffer attribute.
	 */
	createIndexAttribute( attribute ) {

		let usage = GPUBufferUsage.INDEX | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_SRC | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST;

		if ( attribute.isStorageBufferAttribute || attribute.isStorageInstancedBufferAttribute ) {

			usage |= GPUBufferUsage.STORAGE;

		}

		this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, usage );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	createAttribute( attribute ) {

		this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, GPUBufferUsage.VERTEX | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_SRC | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of a storage attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	createStorageAttribute( attribute ) {

		this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, GPUBufferUsage.STORAGE | GPUBufferUsage.VERTEX | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_SRC | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST );

	}

	/**
	 * Creates the GPU buffer of an indirect storage attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute.
	 */
	createIndirectStorageAttribute( attribute ) {

		this.attributeUtils.createAttribute( attribute, GPUBufferUsage.STORAGE | GPUBufferUsage.INDIRECT | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_SRC | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST );

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute to update.
	 */
	updateAttribute( attribute ) {

		this.attributeUtils.updateAttribute( attribute );

	}

	/**
	 * Destroys the GPU buffer of a shader attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {BufferAttribute} attribute - The buffer attribute to destroy.
	 */
	destroyAttribute( attribute ) {

		this.attributeUtils.destroyAttribute( attribute );

	}

	// canvas

	/**
	 * Triggers an update of the default render pass descriptor.
	 */
	updateSize() {

		this.delete( this.renderer.getCanvasTarget() );

	}

	// utils public

	/**
	 * Checks if the given feature is supported by the backend.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The feature's name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the feature is supported or not.
	 */
	hasFeature( name ) {

		if ( GPUFeatureMap[ name ] !== undefined ) name = GPUFeatureMap[ name ];

		return this.device.features.has( name );

	}

	/**
	 * Copies data of the given source texture to the given destination texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} srcTexture - The source texture.
	 * @param {Texture} dstTexture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {?(Box3|Box2)} [srcRegion=null] - The region of the source texture to copy.
	 * @param {?(Vector2|Vector3)} [dstPosition=null] - The destination position of the copy.
	 * @param {number} [srcLevel=0] - The mipmap level to copy.
	 * @param {number} [dstLevel=0] - The destination mip level to copy to.
	 */
	copyTextureToTexture( srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion = null, dstPosition = null, srcLevel = 0, dstLevel = 0 ) {

		let dstX = 0;
		let dstY = 0;
		let dstZ = 0;

		let srcX = 0;
		let srcY = 0;
		let srcZ = 0;

		let srcWidth = srcTexture.image.width;
		let srcHeight = srcTexture.image.height;
		let srcDepth = 1;


		if ( srcRegion !== null ) {

			if ( srcRegion.isBox3 === true ) {

				srcX = srcRegion.min.x;
				srcY = srcRegion.min.y;
				srcZ = srcRegion.min.z;
				srcWidth = srcRegion.max.x - srcRegion.min.x;
				srcHeight = srcRegion.max.y - srcRegion.min.y;
				srcDepth = srcRegion.max.z - srcRegion.min.z;

			} else {

				// Assume it's a Box2
				srcX = srcRegion.min.x;
				srcY = srcRegion.min.y;
				srcWidth = srcRegion.max.x - srcRegion.min.x;
				srcHeight = srcRegion.max.y - srcRegion.min.y;
				srcDepth = 1;

			}

		}


		if ( dstPosition !== null ) {

			dstX = dstPosition.x;
			dstY = dstPosition.y;
			dstZ = dstPosition.z || 0;

		}

		_commandEncoderDescriptor.label = 'copyTextureToTexture_' + srcTexture.id + '_' + dstTexture.id;
		const encoder = this.device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor );
		_commandEncoderDescriptor.reset();

		const sourceGPU = this.get( srcTexture ).texture;
		const destinationGPU = this.get( dstTexture ).texture;

		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.texture = sourceGPU;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.mipLevel = srcLevel;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.origin.x = srcX;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.origin.y = srcY;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.origin.z = srcZ;

		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.texture = destinationGPU;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.mipLevel = dstLevel;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.origin.x = dstX;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.origin.y = dstY;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.origin.z = dstZ;

		_extent3D.width = srcWidth;
		_extent3D.height = srcHeight;
		_extent3D.depthOrArrayLayers = srcDepth;

		encoder.copyTextureToTexture(
			_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc,
			_texelCopyTextureInfoDst,
			_extent3D
		);

		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.reset();
		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.reset();
		_extent3D.reset();

		submit( this.device, encoder.finish() );

		if ( dstLevel === 0 && dstTexture.generateMipmaps ) {

			this.textureUtils.generateMipmaps( dstTexture );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Copies the current bound framebuffer to the given texture.
	 *
	 * @param {Texture} texture - The destination texture.
	 * @param {RenderContext} renderContext - The render context.
	 * @param {Vector4} rectangle - A four dimensional vector defining the origin and dimension of the copy.
	 */
	copyFramebufferToTexture( texture, renderContext, rectangle ) {

		const renderContextData = this.get( renderContext );

		let sourceGPU = null;

		if ( renderContext.renderTarget ) {

			if ( texture.isDepthTexture ) {

				sourceGPU = this.get( renderContext.depthTexture ).texture;

			} else {

				sourceGPU = this.get( renderContext.textures[ 0 ] ).texture;

			}

		} else {

			if ( texture.isDepthTexture ) {

				sourceGPU = this.textureUtils.getDepthBuffer( renderContext.depth, renderContext.stencil );

			} else {

				sourceGPU = this.context.getCurrentTexture();

			}

		}

		const destinationGPU = this.get( texture ).texture;

		if ( sourceGPU.format !== destinationGPU.format ) {

			error( 'WebGPUBackend: copyFramebufferToTexture: Source and destination formats do not match.', sourceGPU.format, destinationGPU.format );

			return;

		}

		let encoder;

		if ( renderContextData.currentPass ) {

			renderContextData.currentPass.end();

			encoder = renderContextData.encoder;

		} else {

			_commandEncoderDescriptor.label = 'copyFramebufferToTexture_' + texture.id;
			encoder = this.device.createCommandEncoder( _commandEncoderDescriptor );
			_commandEncoderDescriptor.reset();

		}

		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.texture = sourceGPU;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.origin.x = rectangle.x;
		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.origin.y = rectangle.y;

		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.texture = destinationGPU;

		_extent3D.width = rectangle.z;
		_extent3D.height = rectangle.w;

		encoder.copyTextureToTexture(
			_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc,
			_texelCopyTextureInfoDst,
			_extent3D
		);

		_texelCopyTextureInfoSrc.reset();
		_texelCopyTextureInfoDst.reset();
		_extent3D.reset();

		// mipmaps must be genereated with the same encoder otherwise the copied texture data
		// might be out-of-sync, see #31768

		if ( texture.generateMipmaps ) {

			this.textureUtils.generateMipmaps( texture, encoder );

		}

		if ( renderContextData.currentPass ) {

			const { descriptor } = renderContextData;

			for ( let i = 0; i < descriptor.colorAttachments.length; i ++ ) {

				descriptor.colorAttachments[ i ].loadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

			}

			if ( renderContext.depth ) descriptor.depthStencilAttachment.depthLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;
			if ( renderContext.stencil ) descriptor.depthStencilAttachment.stencilLoadOp = GPULoadOp.Load;

			renderContextData.currentPass = encoder.beginRenderPass( descriptor );
			renderContextData.currentSets = { attributes: {}, bindingGroups: [], pipeline: null, index: null };

			if ( renderContext.viewport ) {

				this.updateViewport( renderContext );

			}

			if ( renderContext.scissor ) {

				this.updateScissor( renderContext );

			}

		} else {

			submit( this.device, encoder.finish() );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the given compatibility is supported by the backend.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name - The compatibility name.
	 * @return {boolean} Whether the compatibility is supported or not.
	 */
	hasCompatibility( name ) {

		if ( this._compatibility[ name ] !== undefined ) {

			return this._compatibility[ name ];

		}

		return super.hasCompatibility( name );

	}

	dispose() {

		this.bindingUtils.dispose();
		this.textureUtils.dispose();

		if ( this.occludedResolveCache ) {

			for ( const buffer of this.occludedResolveCache.values() ) {

				buffer.destroy();

			}

			this.occludedResolveCache.clear();

		}

		if ( this.timestampQueryPool ) {

			for ( const queryPool of Object.values( this.timestampQueryPool ) ) {

				if ( queryPool !== null ) queryPool.dispose();

			}

		}

		if ( this.parameters.device === undefined && this.device !== null ) {

			this.device.destroy();

		}

	}

}

/**
 * A IES version of {@link SpotLight}. Can only be used with {@link WebGPURenderer}.
 *
 * @augments SpotLight
 */
class IESSpotLight extends SpotLight {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new IES spot light.
	 *
	 * @param {(number|Color|string)} [color=0xffffff] - The light's color.
	 * @param {number} [intensity=1] - The light's strength/intensity measured in candela (cd).
	 * @param {number} [distance=0] - Maximum range of the light. `0` means no limit.
	 * @param {number} [angle=Math.PI/3] - Maximum angle of light dispersion from its direction whose upper bound is `Math.PI/2`.
	 * @param {number} [penumbra=0] - Percent of the spotlight cone that is attenuated due to penumbra. Value range is `[0,1]`.
	 * @param {number} [decay=2] - The amount the light dims along the distance of the light.
	 */
	constructor( color, intensity, distance, angle, penumbra, decay ) {

		super( color, intensity, distance, angle, penumbra, decay );

		/**
		 * The IES map. It's a lookup table that stores normalized attenuation factors
		 * (0.0 to 1.0) that represent the light's intensity at a specific angle.
		 *
		 * @type {?Texture}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.iesMap = null;

	}

	copy( source, recursive ) {

		super.copy( source, recursive );

		this.iesMap = source.iesMap;

		return this;

	}

}

/**
 * A projector light version of {@link SpotLight}. Can only be used with {@link WebGPURenderer}.
 *
 * @augments SpotLight
 */
class ProjectorLight extends SpotLight {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new projector light.
	 *
	 * @param {(number|Color|string)} [color=0xffffff] - The light's color.
	 * @param {number} [intensity=1] - The light's strength/intensity measured in candela (cd).
	 * @param {number} [distance=0] - Maximum range of the light. `0` means no limit.
	 * @param {number} [angle=Math.PI/3] - Maximum angle of light dispersion from its direction whose upper bound is `Math.PI/2`.
	 * @param {number} [penumbra=0] - Percent of the spotlight cone that is attenuated due to penumbra. Value range is `[0,1]`.
	 * @param {number} [decay=2] - The amount the light dims along the distance of the light.
	 */
	constructor( color, intensity, distance, angle, penumbra, decay ) {

		super( color, intensity, distance, angle, penumbra, decay );

		/**
		 * Aspect ratio of the light. Set to `null` to use the texture aspect ratio.
		 *
		 * @type {?number}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this.aspect = null;

	}

	copy( source, recursive ) {

		super.copy( source, recursive );

		this.aspect = source.aspect;

		return this;

	}

}

/**
 * This version of a node library represents the standard version
 * used in {@link WebGPURenderer}. It maps lights, tone mapping
 * techniques and materials to node-based implementations.
 *
 * @augments NodeLibrary
 */
class StandardNodeLibrary extends NodeLibrary {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new standard node library.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

		this.addMaterial( MeshPhongNodeMaterial, 'MeshPhongMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( MeshStandardNodeMaterial, 'MeshStandardMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial, 'MeshPhysicalMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( MeshToonNodeMaterial, 'MeshToonMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( MeshBasicNodeMaterial, 'MeshBasicMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( MeshLambertNodeMaterial, 'MeshLambertMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( MeshNormalNodeMaterial, 'MeshNormalMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( MeshMatcapNodeMaterial, 'MeshMatcapMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( LineBasicNodeMaterial, 'LineBasicMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( LineDashedNodeMaterial, 'LineDashedMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( PointsNodeMaterial, 'PointsMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( SpriteNodeMaterial, 'SpriteMaterial' );
		this.addMaterial( ShadowNodeMaterial, 'ShadowMaterial' );

		this.addLight( PointLightNode, PointLight );
		this.addLight( DirectionalLightNode, DirectionalLight );
		this.addLight( RectAreaLightNode, RectAreaLight );
		this.addLight( SpotLightNode, SpotLight );
		this.addLight( AmbientLightNode, AmbientLight );
		this.addLight( HemisphereLightNode, HemisphereLight );
		this.addLight( LightProbeNode, LightProbe );
		this.addLight( IESSpotLightNode, IESSpotLight );
		this.addLight( ProjectorLightNode, ProjectorLight );

		this.addToneMapping( linearToneMapping, LinearToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( reinhardToneMapping, ReinhardToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( cineonToneMapping, CineonToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( acesFilmicToneMapping, ACESFilmicToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( agxToneMapping, AgXToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( neutralToneMapping, NeutralToneMapping );

	}

}

/*
const debugHandler = {

	get: function ( target, name ) {

		// Add |update
		if ( /^(create|destroy)/.test( name ) ) log( 'WebGPUBackend.' + name );

		return target[ name ];

	}

};
*/

/**
 * This renderer is the new alternative of `WebGLRenderer`. `WebGPURenderer` has the ability
 * to target different backends. By default, the renderer tries to use a WebGPU backend if the
 * browser supports WebGPU. If not, `WebGPURenderer` falls backs to a WebGL 2 backend.
 *
 * @augments Renderer
 */
class WebGPURenderer extends Renderer {

	/**
	 * WebGPURenderer options.
	 *
	 * @typedef {Object} WebGPURenderer~Options
	 * @property {boolean} [logarithmicDepthBuffer=false] - Whether logarithmic depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [reversedDepthBuffer=false] - Whether reversed depth buffer is enabled or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [alpha=true] - Whether the default framebuffer (which represents the final contents of the canvas) should be transparent or opaque.
	 * @property {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a depth buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [stencil=false] - Whether the default framebuffer should have a stencil buffer or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [antialias=false] - Whether MSAA as the default anti-aliasing should be enabled or not.
	 * @property {number} [samples=0] - When `antialias` is `true`, `4` samples are used by default. Set this parameter to any other integer value than 0 to overwrite the default.
	 * @property {boolean} [forceWebGL=false] - If set to `true`, the renderer uses a WebGL 2 backend no matter if WebGPU is supported or not.
	 * @property {boolean} [multiview=false] - If set to `true`, the renderer will use multiview during WebXR rendering if supported.
	 * @property {number} [outputType=undefined] - Texture type for output to canvas. By default, device's preferred format is used; other formats may incur overhead.
	 * @property {number} [outputBufferType=HalfFloatType] - Defines the type of output buffers. The default `HalfFloatType` is recommend for best
	 * quality. To save memory and bandwidth, `UnsignedByteType` might be used. This will reduce rendering quality though.
	 */

	/**
	 * Constructs a new WebGPU renderer.
	 *
	 * @param {WebGPURenderer~Options} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
	 */
	constructor( parameters = {} ) {

		let BackendClass;

		if ( parameters.forceWebGL ) {

			BackendClass = WebGLBackend;

		} else {

			BackendClass = WebGPUBackend;

			parameters.getFallback = () => {

				warn( 'WebGPURenderer: WebGPU is not available, running under WebGL2 backend.' );

				return new WebGLBackend( parameters );

			};

		}

		const backend = new BackendClass( parameters );

		//super( new Proxy( backend, debugHandler ) );
		super( backend, parameters );

		/**
		 * The generic default value is overwritten with the
		 * standard node library for type mapping.
		 *
		 * @type {StandardNodeLibrary}
		 */
		this.library = new StandardNodeLibrary();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isWebGPURenderer = true;

		if ( typeof __THREE_DEVTOOLS__ !== 'undefined' ) {

			__THREE_DEVTOOLS__.dispatchEvent( new CustomEvent( 'observe', { detail: this } ) );

		}

	}

}

/**
 * A specialized group which enables applications access to the
 * Render Bundle API of WebGPU. The group with all its descendant nodes
 * are considered as one render bundle and processed as such by
 * the renderer.
 *
 * This module is only fully supported by `WebGPURenderer` with a WebGPU backend.
 * With a WebGL backend, the group can technically be rendered but without
 * any performance improvements.
 *
 * @augments Group
 */
class BundleGroup extends Group {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new bundle group.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isBundleGroup = true;

		/**
		 * This property is only relevant for detecting types
		 * during serialization/deserialization. It should always
		 * match the class name.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default 'BundleGroup'
		 */
		this.type = 'BundleGroup';

		/**
		 * Whether the bundle is static or not. When set to `true`, the structure
		 * is assumed to be static and does not change. E.g. no new objects are
		 * added to the group.
		 *
		 * If a change is required, an update can still be forced by setting the
		 * `needsUpdate` flag to `true`.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.static = true;

		/**
		 * The bundle group's version.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default 0
		 */
		this.version = 0;

	}

	/**
	 * Set this property to `true` when the bundle group has changed.
	 *
	 * @type {boolean}
	 * @default false
	 * @param {boolean} value
	 */
	set needsUpdate( value ) {

		if ( value === true ) this.version ++;

	}

}

/**
 * This module is responsible to manage the rendering pipeline setups in apps.
 * You usually create a single instance of this class and use it to define
 * the output of your render pipeline and post processing effect chain.
 * ```js
 * const renderPipeline = new RenderPipeline( renderer );
 *
 * const scenePass = pass( scene, camera );
 *
 * renderPipeline.outputNode = scenePass;
 * ```
 *
 * Note: This module can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`.
 */
class RenderPipeline {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new render pipeline management module.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - A reference to the renderer.
	 * @param {Node<vec4>} outputNode - An optional output node.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, outputNode = vec4( 0, 0, 1, 1 ) ) {

		/**
		 * A reference to the renderer.
		 *
		 * @type {Renderer}
		 */
		this.renderer = renderer;

		/**
		 * A node which defines the final output of the rendering
		 * pipeline. This is usually the last node in a chain
		 * of effect nodes.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec4>}
		 */
		this.outputNode = outputNode;

		/**
		 * Whether the default output tone mapping and color
		 * space transformation should be enabled or not.
		 *
		 * This is enabled by default but it must be disabled for
		 * effects that expect to be executed after tone mapping and color
		 * space conversion. A typical example is FXAA which
		 * requires sRGB input.
		 *
		 * When set to `false`, the app must control the output
		 * transformation with `RenderOutputNode`.
		 *
		 * ```js
		 * const outputPass = renderOutput( scenePass );
		 * ```
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 */
		this.outputColorTransform = true;

		/**
		 * Must be set to `true` when the output node changes.
		 *
		 * @type {Node<vec4>}
		 */
		this.needsUpdate = true;

		const material = new NodeMaterial();
		material.name = 'RenderPipeline';

		/**
		 * The full screen quad that is used to render
		 * the effects.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {QuadMesh}
		 */
		this._quadMesh = new QuadMesh( material );
		this._quadMesh.name = 'Render Pipeline';

		/**
		 * The context of the render pipeline stack.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Object}
		 * @default null
		 */
		this._context = null;

		/**
		 * The current tone mapping.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {ToneMapping}
		 */
		this._toneMapping = renderer.toneMapping;

		/**
		 * The current output color space.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {ColorSpace}
		 */
		this._outputColorSpace = renderer.outputColorSpace;


	}

	/**
	 * When `RenderPipeline` is used to apply rendering pipeline and post processing effects,
	 * the application must use this version of `render()` inside
	 * its animation loop (not the one from the renderer).
	 */
	render() {

		const renderer = this.renderer;

		this._update();

		if ( this._context.onBeforeRenderPipeline !== null ) this._context.onBeforeRenderPipeline();

		const toneMapping = renderer.toneMapping;
		const outputColorSpace = renderer.outputColorSpace;

		renderer.toneMapping = NoToneMapping;
		renderer.outputColorSpace = ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;

		//

		const currentXR = renderer.xr.enabled;
		renderer.xr.enabled = false;

		this._quadMesh.render( renderer );

		renderer.xr.enabled = currentXR;

		//

		renderer.toneMapping = toneMapping;
		renderer.outputColorSpace = outputColorSpace;

		if ( this._context.onAfterRenderPipeline !== null ) this._context.onAfterRenderPipeline();

	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current context of the render pipeline stack.
	 *
	 * @readonly
	 * @type {?Object}
	 */
	get context() {

		return this._context;

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this._quadMesh.material.dispose();

	}

	/**
	 * Updates the state of the module.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	_update() {

		if ( this._toneMapping !== this.renderer.toneMapping ) {

			this._toneMapping = this.renderer.toneMapping;
			this.needsUpdate = true;

		}

		if ( this._outputColorSpace !== this.renderer.outputColorSpace ) {

			this._outputColorSpace = this.renderer.outputColorSpace;
			this.needsUpdate = true;

		}

		if ( this.needsUpdate === true ) {

			const toneMapping = this._toneMapping;
			const outputColorSpace = this._outputColorSpace;

			const context = {
				renderPipeline: this,
				onBeforeRenderPipeline: null,
				onAfterRenderPipeline: null
			};

			let outputNode = this.outputNode;

			if ( this.outputColorTransform === true ) {

				outputNode = outputNode.context( context );

				outputNode = renderOutput( outputNode, toneMapping, outputColorSpace );

			} else {

				context.toneMapping = toneMapping;
				context.outputColorSpace = outputColorSpace;

				outputNode = outputNode.context( context );

			}

			this._context = context;

			this._quadMesh.material.fragmentNode = outputNode;
			this._quadMesh.material.needsUpdate = true;

			this.needsUpdate = false;

		}

	}

	/**
	 * When `RenderPipeline` is used to apply rendering pipeline and post processing effects,
	 * the application must use this version of `renderAsync()` inside
	 * its animation loop (not the one from the renderer).
	 *
	 * @async
	 * @deprecated
	 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the render has been finished.
	 */
	async renderAsync() {

		warnOnce( 'RenderPipeline: "renderAsync()" has been deprecated. Use "render()" and "await renderer.init();" when creating the renderer.' ); // @deprecated r181

		await this.renderer.init();

		this.render();

	}

}

/**
 * @deprecated since r183. Use {@link RenderPipeline} instead. PostProcessing has been renamed to RenderPipeline.
 *
 * This class is a wrapper for backward compatibility and will be removed in a future version.
 */
class PostProcessing extends RenderPipeline {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new post processing management module.
	 *
	 * @param {Renderer} renderer - A reference to the renderer.
	 * @param {Node<vec4>} outputNode - An optional output node.
	 * @deprecated since r183. Use {@link RenderPipeline} instead.
	 */
	constructor( renderer, outputNode ) {

		warnOnce( 'PostProcessing: "PostProcessing" has been renamed to "RenderPipeline". Please update your code to use "THREE.RenderPipeline" instead.' ); // @deprecated, r183

		super( renderer, outputNode );

	}

}

/**
 * A readback buffer is used to transfer data from the GPU to the CPU.
 * It is primarily used to read back compute shader results.
 *
 * @augments EventDispatcher
 */
class ReadbackBuffer extends EventDispatcher {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new readback buffer.
	 *
	 * @param {number} maxByteLength - The maximum size of the buffer to be read back.
	 */
	constructor( maxByteLength ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * Name used for debugging purposes.
		 *
		 * @type {string}
		 */
		this.name = '';

		/**
		 * The mapped, read back array buffer.
		 *
		 * @type {ArrayBuffer|null}
		 */
		this.buffer = null;

		/**
		 * The maximum size of the buffer to be read back.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.maxByteLength = maxByteLength;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isReadbackBuffer = true;

		this._mapped = false;

	}

	/**
	 * Releases the mapped buffer data so the GPU buffer can be
	 * used by the GPU again.
	 *
	 * Note: Any `ArrayBuffer` data associated with this readback buffer
	 * are removed and no longer accessible after calling this method.
	 */
	release() {

		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'release' } );

	}

	/**
	 * Frees internal resources.
	 */
	dispose() {

		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'dispose' } );

	}

}

/**
 * This special type of texture is intended for compute shaders.
 * It can be used to compute the data of a texture with a compute shader.
 *
 * Note: This type of texture can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`
 * and a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments Texture
 */
class StorageTexture extends Texture {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage texture.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [width=1] - The storage texture's width.
	 * @param {number} [height=1] - The storage texture's height.
	 */
	constructor( width = 1, height = 1 ) {

		super();

		/**
		 * The image object which just represents the texture's dimension.
		 *
		 * @type {{width: number, height: number}}
		 */
		this.image = { width, height };

		/**
		 * The default `magFilter` for storage textures is `THREE.LinearFilter`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.magFilter = LinearFilter;

		/**
		 * The default `minFilter` for storage textures is `THREE.LinearFilter`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.minFilter = LinearFilter;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageTexture = true;

		/**
		 * When `true`, mipmaps will be auto-generated after compute writes.
		 * When `false`, mipmaps must be written manually via compute shaders.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.mipmapsAutoUpdate = true;

	}
	/**
	 * Sets the size of the storage texture.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The new width of the storage texture.
	 * @param {number} height - The new height of the storage texture.
	 */
	setSize( width, height ) {

		if ( this.image.width !== width || this.image.height !== height ) {

			this.image.width = width;
			this.image.height = height;

			this.dispose();

		}

	}

}

/**
 * This special type of texture is intended for compute shaders.
 * It can be used to compute the data of a texture with a compute shader.
 *
 * Note: This type of texture can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`
 * and a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments Texture
 */
class Storage3DTexture extends Texture {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage texture.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [width=1] - The storage texture's width.
	 * @param {number} [height=1] - The storage texture's height.
	 * @param {number} [depth=1] - The storage texture's depth.
	 */
	constructor( width = 1, height = 1, depth = 1 ) {

		super();

		//inherited from texture. Must be false for 3DTexture
		this.isArrayTexture = false;

		/**
		 * The image object which just represents the texture's dimension.
		 *
		 * @type {{width: number, height: number, depth: number}}
		 */
		this.image = { width, height, depth };

		/**
		 * The default `magFilter` for storage textures is `THREE.LinearFilter`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.magFilter = LinearFilter;

		/**
		 * The default `minFilter` for storage textures is `THREE.LinearFilter`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.minFilter = LinearFilter;

		/**
		 * This defines how the texture is wrapped in the depth direction and corresponds to
		 * *W* in UVW mapping.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.wrapR = ClampToEdgeWrapping;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageTexture = true;

		/**
		 * Indicates whether this texture is a 3D texture.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 *
		 */
		this.is3DTexture = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the size of the storage 3d texture.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The new width of the storage texture.
	 * @param {number} height - The new height of the storage texture.
	 * @param {number} depth - The new depth of the storage texture.
	 */
	setSize( width, height, depth ) {

		if ( this.image.width !== width || this.image.height !== height || this.image.depth !== depth ) {

			this.image.width = width;
			this.image.height = height;
			this.image.depth = depth;

			this.dispose();

		}

	}

}

/**
 * This special type of texture is intended for compute shaders.
 * It can be used to compute the data of a texture with a compute shader.
 *
 * Note: This type of texture can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`
 * and a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments Texture
 */
class StorageArrayTexture extends Texture {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage texture.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [width=1] - The storage texture's width.
	 * @param {number} [height=1] - The storage texture's height.
	 * @param {number} [depth=1] - The storage texture's depth.
	 */
	constructor( width = 1, height = 1, depth = 1 ) {

		super();

		//inherited from texture
		this.isArrayTexture = true;

		/**
		 * The image object which just represents the texture's dimension.
		 *
		 * @type {{width: number, height: number, depth: number}}
		 */
		this.image = { width, height, depth };

		/**
		 * The default `magFilter` for storage textures is `THREE.LinearFilter`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.magFilter = LinearFilter;

		/**
		 * The default `minFilter` for storage textures is `THREE.LinearFilter`.
		 *
		 * @type {number}
		 */
		this.minFilter = LinearFilter;

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isStorageTexture = true;

	}

	/**
	 * Sets the size of the storage array texture.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width - The new width of the storage texture.
	 * @param {number} height - The new height of the storage texture.
	 * @param {number} depth - The new depth of the storage texture.
	 */
	setSize( width, height, depth ) {

		if ( this.image.width !== width || this.image.height !== height || this.image.depth !== depth ) {

			this.image.width = width;
			this.image.height = height;
			this.image.depth = depth;

			this.dispose();

		}

	}

}

/**
 * This special type of buffer attribute is intended for compute shaders.
 * It can be used to encode draw parameters for indirect draw calls.
 *
 * Note: This type of buffer attribute can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`
 * and a WebGPU backend.
 *
 * @augments StorageBufferAttribute
 */
class IndirectStorageBufferAttribute extends StorageBufferAttribute {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new storage buffer attribute.
	 *
	 * @param {number|Uint32Array} count - The item count. It is also valid to pass a `Uint32Array` as an argument.
	 * The subsequent parameter is then obsolete.
	 * @param {number} itemSize - The item size.
	 */
	constructor( count, itemSize ) {

		super( count, itemSize, Uint32Array );

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isIndirectStorageBufferAttribute = true;

	}

}

/**
 * A loader for loading node objects in the three.js JSON Object/Scene format.
 *
 * @augments Loader
 */
class NodeLoader extends Loader {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node loader.
	 *
	 * @param {LoadingManager} [manager] - A reference to a loading manager.
	 */
	constructor( manager ) {

		super( manager );

		/**
		 * Represents a dictionary of textures.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Texture>}
		 */
		this.textures = {};

		/**
		 * Represents a dictionary of node types.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Node.constructor>}
		 */
		this.nodes = {};

	}

	/**
	 * Loads the node definitions from the given URL.
	 *
	 * @param {string} url - The path/URL of the file to be loaded.
	 * @param {Function} onLoad - Will be called when load completes.
	 * @param {Function} onProgress - Will be called while load progresses.
	 * @param {Function} onError - Will be called when errors are thrown during the loading process.
	 */
	load( url, onLoad, onProgress, onError ) {

		const loader = new FileLoader( this.manager );
		loader.setPath( this.path );
		loader.setRequestHeader( this.requestHeader );
		loader.setWithCredentials( this.withCredentials );
		loader.load( url, ( text ) => {

			try {

				onLoad( this.parse( JSON.parse( text ) ) );

			} catch ( e ) {

				if ( onError ) {

					onError( e );

				} else {

					error( e );

				}

				this.manager.itemError( url );

			}

		}, onProgress, onError );

	}

	/**
	 * Parse the node dependencies for the loaded node.
	 *
	 * @param {Array<Object>} [json] - The JSON definition
	 * @return {Object<string,Node>} A dictionary with node dependencies.
	 */
	parseNodes( json ) {

		const nodes = {};

		if ( json !== undefined ) {

			for ( const nodeJSON of json ) {

				const { uuid, type } = nodeJSON;

				nodes[ uuid ] = this.createNodeFromType( type );
				nodes[ uuid ].uuid = uuid;

			}

			const meta = { nodes, textures: this.textures };

			for ( const nodeJSON of json ) {

				nodeJSON.meta = meta;

				const node = nodes[ nodeJSON.uuid ];
				node.deserialize( nodeJSON );

				delete nodeJSON.meta;

			}

		}

		return nodes;

	}

	/**
	 * Parses the node from the given JSON.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} json - The JSON definition
	 * @param {string} json.type - The node type.
	 * @param {string} json.uuid - The node UUID.
	 * @param {Array<Object>} [json.nodes] - The node dependencies.
	 * @param {Object} [json.meta] - The meta data.
	 * @return {Node} The parsed node.
	 */
	parse( json ) {

		const node = this.createNodeFromType( json.type );
		node.uuid = json.uuid;

		const nodes = this.parseNodes( json.nodes );
		const meta = { nodes, textures: this.textures };

		json.meta = meta;

		node.deserialize( json );

		delete json.meta;

		return node;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the dictionary of textures.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string,Texture>} value - The texture library defines as `<uuid,texture>`.
	 * @return {NodeLoader} A reference to this loader.
	 */
	setTextures( value ) {

		this.textures = value;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the dictionary of node types.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string,Node.constructor>} value - The node library defined as `<classname,class>`.
	 * @return {NodeLoader} A reference to this loader.
	 */
	setNodes( value ) {

		this.nodes = value;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a node object from the given type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The node type.
	 * @return {Node} The created node instance.
	 */
	createNodeFromType( type ) {

		if ( this.nodes[ type ] === undefined ) {

			error( 'NodeLoader: Node type not found:', type );
			return float();

		}

		return new this.nodes[ type ]();

	}

}

/**
 * A special type of material loader for loading node materials.
 *
 * @augments MaterialLoader
 */
class NodeMaterialLoader extends MaterialLoader {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node material loader.
	 *
	 * @param {LoadingManager} [manager] - A reference to a loading manager.
	 */
	constructor( manager ) {

		super( manager );

		/**
		 * Represents a dictionary of node types.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Node.constructor>}
		 */
		this.nodes = {};

		/**
		 * Represents a dictionary of node material types.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,NodeMaterial.constructor>}
		 */
		this.nodeMaterials = {};

	}

	/**
	 * Parses the node material from the given JSON.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} json - The JSON definition
	 * @return {NodeMaterial}. The parsed material.
	 */
	parse( json ) {

		const material = super.parse( json );

		const nodes = this.nodes;
		const inputNodes = json.inputNodes;

		for ( const property in inputNodes ) {

			const uuid = inputNodes[ property ];

			material[ property ] = nodes[ uuid ];

		}

		return material;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the dictionary of node types.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string,Node.constructor>} value - The node library defined as `<classname,class>`.
	 * @return {NodeLoader} A reference to this loader.
	 */
	setNodes( value ) {

		this.nodes = value;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the dictionary of node material types.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string,NodeMaterial.constructor>} value - The node material library defined as `<classname,class>`.
	 * @return {NodeLoader} A reference to this loader.
	 */
	setNodeMaterials( value ) {

		this.nodeMaterials = value;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Creates a node material from the given type.
	 *
	 * @param {string} type - The node material type.
	 * @return {Node} The created node material instance.
	 */
	createMaterialFromType( type ) {

		const materialClass = this.nodeMaterials[ type ];

		if ( materialClass !== undefined ) {

			return new materialClass();

		}

		return super.createMaterialFromType( type );

	}

}

/**
 * A special type of object loader for loading 3D objects using
 * node materials.
 *
 * @augments ObjectLoader
 */
class NodeObjectLoader extends ObjectLoader {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new node object loader.
	 *
	 * @param {LoadingManager} [manager] - A reference to a loading manager.
	 */
	constructor( manager ) {

		super( manager );

		/**
		 * Represents a dictionary of node types.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,Node.constructor>}
		 */
		this.nodes = {};

		/**
		 * Represents a dictionary of node material types.
		 *
		 * @type {Object<string,NodeMaterial.constructor>}
		 */
		this.nodeMaterials = {};

		/**
		 * A reference to hold the `nodes` JSON property.
		 *
		 * @private
		 * @type {?Object[]}
		 */
		this._nodesJSON = null;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the dictionary of node types.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string,Node.constructor>} value - The node library defined as `<classname,class>`.
	 * @return {NodeObjectLoader} A reference to this loader.
	 */
	setNodes( value ) {

		this.nodes = value;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Defines the dictionary of node material types.
	 *
	 * @param {Object<string,NodeMaterial.constructor>} value - The node material library defined as `<classname,class>`.
	 * @return {NodeObjectLoader} A reference to this loader.
	 */
	setNodeMaterials( value ) {

		this.nodeMaterials = value;
		return this;

	}

	/**
	 * Parses the node objects from the given JSON.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} json - The JSON definition
	 * @param {Function} onLoad - The onLoad callback function.
	 * @return {Object3D}. The parsed 3D object.
	 */
	parse( json, onLoad ) {

		this._nodesJSON = json.nodes;

		const data = super.parse( json, onLoad );

		this._nodesJSON = null; // dispose

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Async version of {@link NodeObjectLoader#parse}.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} json - The JSON definition
	 * @return {Promise<Object3D>} A Promise that resolves with the parsed 3D object.
	 */
	async parseAsync( json ) {

		this._nodesJSON = json.nodes;

		const data = await super.parseAsync( json );

		this._nodesJSON = null; // dispose

		return data;

	}

	/**
	 * Parses the node objects from the given JSON and textures.
	 *
	 * @param {Object[]} json - The JSON definition
	 * @param {Object<string,Texture>} textures - The texture library.
	 * @return {Object<string,Node>}. The parsed nodes.
	 */
	parseNodes( json, textures ) {

		if ( json !== undefined ) {

			const loader = new NodeLoader();
			loader.setNodes( this.nodes );
			loader.setTextures( textures );

			return loader.parseNodes( json );

		}

		return {};

	}

	/**
	 * Parses the node objects from the given JSON and textures.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} json - The JSON definition
	 * @param {Object<string,Texture>} textures - The texture library.
	 * @return {Object<string,NodeMaterial>}. The parsed materials.
	 */
	parseMaterials( json, textures ) {

		const materials = {};

		if ( json !== undefined ) {

			const nodes = this.parseNodes( this._nodesJSON, textures );

			const loader = new NodeMaterialLoader();
			loader.setTextures( textures );
			loader.setNodes( nodes );
			loader.setNodeMaterials( this.nodeMaterials );

			for ( let i = 0, l = json.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

				const data = json[ i ];

				materials[ data.uuid ] = loader.parse( data );

			}

		}

		return materials;

	}

}

/**
 * This version of a node library represents a basic version
 * just focusing on lights and tone mapping techniques.
 *
 * @private
 * @augments NodeLibrary
 */
class BasicNodeLibrary extends NodeLibrary {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new basic node library.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

		this.addLight( PointLightNode, PointLight );
		this.addLight( DirectionalLightNode, DirectionalLight );
		this.addLight( RectAreaLightNode, RectAreaLight );
		this.addLight( SpotLightNode, SpotLight );
		this.addLight( AmbientLightNode, AmbientLight );
		this.addLight( HemisphereLightNode, HemisphereLight );
		this.addLight( LightProbeNode, LightProbe );
		this.addLight( IESSpotLightNode, IESSpotLight );
		this.addLight( ProjectorLightNode, ProjectorLight );

		this.addToneMapping( linearToneMapping, LinearToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( reinhardToneMapping, ReinhardToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( cineonToneMapping, CineonToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( acesFilmicToneMapping, ACESFilmicToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( agxToneMapping, AgXToneMapping );
		this.addToneMapping( neutralToneMapping, NeutralToneMapping );

	}

}

/**
 * In earlier three.js versions, clipping was defined globally
 * on the renderer or on material level. This special version of
 * `THREE.Group` allows to encode the clipping state into the scene
 * graph. Meaning if you create an instance of this group, all
 * descendant 3D objects will be affected by the respective clipping
 * planes.
 *
 * Note: `ClippingGroup` can only be used with `WebGPURenderer`.
 *
 * @augments Group
 */
class ClippingGroup extends Group {

	/**
	 * Constructs a new clipping group.
	 */
	constructor() {

		super();

		/**
		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @readonly
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.isClippingGroup = true;

		/**
		 * An array with clipping planes.
		 *
		 * @type {Array<Plane>}
		 */
		this.clippingPlanes = [];

		/**
		 * Whether clipping should be enabled or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default true
		 */
		this.enabled = true;

		/**
		 * Whether the intersection of the clipping planes is used to clip objects, rather than their union.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.clipIntersection = false;

		/**
		 * Whether shadows should be clipped or not.
		 *
		 * @type {boolean}
		 * @default false
		 */
		this.clipShadows = false;

	}

}

export { ACESFilmicToneMapping, AONode, AddEquation, AddOperation, AdditiveBlending, AgXToneMapping, AlphaFormat, AlwaysCompare, AlwaysDepth, AlwaysStencilFunc, AmbientLight, AmbientLightNode, AnalyticLightNode, ArrayCamera, ArrayElementNode, ArrayNode, AssignNode, AtomicFunctionNode, AttributeNode, BackSide, Backend, BarrierNode, BasicEnvironmentNode, BasicLightMapNode, BasicNodeLibrary, BasicShadowMap, BitcastNode, BitcountNode, BlendMode, BoxGeometry, BufferAttribute, BufferAttributeNode, BufferGeometry, BufferNode, BuiltinNode, BumpMapNode, BundleGroup, BypassNode, ByteType, CanvasTarget, CineonToneMapping, ClampToEdgeWrapping, ClippingGroup, ClippingNode, CodeNode, Color, ColorManagement, ColorSpaceNode, Compatibility, ComputeBuiltinNode, ComputeNode, ConditionalNode, ConstNode, ContextNode, ConvertNode, CubeCamera, CubeDepthTexture, CubeMapNode, CubeReflectionMapping, CubeRefractionMapping, CubeRenderTarget, CubeTexture, CubeTextureNode, CubeUVReflectionMapping, CullFaceBack, CullFaceFront, CullFaceNone, CustomBlending, CylinderGeometry, DataArrayTexture, DataTexture, DebugNode, DecrementStencilOp, DecrementWrapStencilOp, DepthFormat, DepthStencilFormat, DepthTexture, DirectionalLight, DirectionalLightNode, DoubleSide, DstAlphaFactor, DstColorFactor, DynamicDrawUsage, EnvironmentNode, EqualCompare, EqualDepth, EqualStencilFunc, EquirectangularReflectionMapping, EquirectangularRefractionMapping, EventDispatcher, EventNode, ExpressionNode, FileLoader, FlipNode, Float16BufferAttribute, Float32BufferAttribute, FloatType, FramebufferTexture, FrontFacingNode, FrontSide, Frustum, FrustumArray, FunctionCallNode, FunctionNode, FunctionOverloadingNode, GLSLNodeBuilder, GLSLNodeParser, GreaterCompare, GreaterDepth, GreaterEqualCompare, GreaterEqualDepth, GreaterEqualStencilFunc, GreaterStencilFunc, Group, HalfFloatType, HemisphereLight, HemisphereLightNode, IESSpotLight, IESSpotLightNode, IncrementStencilOp, IncrementWrapStencilOp, IndexNode, IndirectStorageBufferAttribute, InputNode, InspectorBase, InspectorNode, InstancedBufferAttribute, InstancedInterleavedBuffer, IntType, InterleavedBuffer, InterleavedBufferAttribute, InvertStencilOp, IrradianceNode, IsolateNode, JoinNode, KeepStencilOp, LessCompare, LessDepth, LessEqualCompare, LessEqualDepth, LessEqualStencilFunc, LessStencilFunc, LightProbe, LightProbeNode, Lighting, LightingContextNode, LightingModel, LightingNode, LightsNode, Line2NodeMaterial, LineBasicMaterial, LineBasicNodeMaterial, LineDashedMaterial, LineDashedNodeMaterial, LinearFilter, LinearMipMapLinearFilter, LinearMipmapLinearFilter, LinearMipmapNearestFilter, LinearSRGBColorSpace, LinearToneMapping, LinearTransfer, Loader, LoopNode, MRTNode, Material, MaterialBlending, MaterialLoader, MaterialNode, MaterialReferenceNode, MathNode, MathUtils, Matrix2, Matrix3, Matrix4, MaxEquation, MaxMipLevelNode, MemberNode, Mesh, MeshBasicMaterial, MeshBasicNodeMaterial, MeshLambertMaterial, MeshLambertNodeMaterial, MeshMatcapMaterial, MeshMatcapNodeMaterial, MeshNormalMaterial, MeshNormalNodeMaterial, MeshPhongMaterial, MeshPhongNodeMaterial, MeshPhysicalMaterial, MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial, MeshSSSNodeMaterial, MeshStandardMaterial, MeshStandardNodeMaterial, MeshToonMaterial, MeshToonNodeMaterial, MinEquation, MirroredRepeatWrapping, MixOperation, ModelNode, MultiplyBlending, MultiplyOperation, NearestFilter, NearestMipmapLinearFilter, NearestMipmapNearestFilter, NeutralToneMapping, NeverCompare, NeverDepth, NeverStencilFunc, NoBlending, NoColorSpace, NoNormalPacking, NoToneMapping, Node, NodeAccess, NodeAttribute, NodeBuilder, NodeCache, NodeCode, NodeError, NodeFrame, NodeFunctionInput, NodeLoader, NodeMaterial, NodeMaterialLoader, NodeMaterialObserver, NodeObjectLoader, NodeShaderStage, NodeType, NodeUniform, NodeUpdateType, NodeUtils, NodeVar, NodeVarying, NormalBlending, NormalGAPacking, NormalMapNode, NormalRGPacking, NotEqualCompare, NotEqualDepth, NotEqualStencilFunc, Object3D, Object3DNode, ObjectLoader, ObjectSpaceNormalMap, OneFactor, OneMinusDstAlphaFactor, OneMinusDstColorFactor, OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor, OneMinusSrcColorFactor, OperatorNode, OrthographicCamera, OutputStructNode, OverrideContextNode, PCFShadowMap, PCFSoftShadowMap, PMREMGenerator, PMREMNode, PackFloatNode, ParameterNode, PassNode, PerspectiveCamera, PhongLightingModel, PhysicalLightingModel, Plane, PlaneGeometry, PointLight, PointLightNode, PointShadowNode, PointUVNode, PointsMaterial, PointsNodeMaterial, PostProcessing, ProjectorLight, ProjectorLightNode, PropertyNode, QuadMesh, Quaternion, R11_EAC_Format, RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, RED_RGTC1_Format, REVISION, RG11_EAC_Format, RGBAFormat, RGBAIntegerFormat, RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format, RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format, RGBA_BPTC_Format, RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format, RGBFormat, RGBIntegerFormat, RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_Format, RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_Format, RGB_ETC1_Format, RGB_ETC2_Format, RGB_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGB_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGFormat, RGIntegerFormat, RTTNode, RangeNode, ReadbackBuffer, RectAreaLight, RectAreaLightNode, RedFormat, RedIntegerFormat, ReferenceBaseNode, ReferenceNode, ReflectorNode, ReinhardToneMapping, RenderOutputNode, RenderPipeline, RenderTarget, Renderer, RendererReferenceNode, RendererUtils, RepeatWrapping, ReplaceStencilOp, ReverseSubtractEquation, RotateNode, SIGNED_R11_EAC_Format, SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_Format, SIGNED_RG11_EAC_Format, SRGBColorSpace, SRGBTransfer, SampleNode, Scene, ScreenNode, SetNode, ShadowBaseNode, ShadowMaterial, ShadowNode, ShadowNodeMaterial, ShortType, Sphere, SphereGeometry, SplitNode, SpotLight, SpotLightNode, SpriteMaterial, SpriteNodeMaterial, SrcAlphaFactor, SrcAlphaSaturateFactor, SrcColorFactor, StackNode, StackTrace, StandardNodeLibrary, StaticDrawUsage, Storage3DTexture, StorageArrayElementNode, StorageArrayTexture, StorageBufferAttribute, StorageBufferNode, StorageInstancedBufferAttribute, StorageTexture, StorageTexture3DNode, StorageTextureNode, StructNode, StructTypeNode, SubBuildNode, SubgroupFunctionNode, SubtractEquation, SubtractiveBlending, TSL, TangentSpaceNormalMap, TempNode, Texture, Texture3DNode, TextureNode, TextureSizeNode, TimestampQuery, ToneMappingNode, ToonOutlinePassNode, UVMapping, Uint16BufferAttribute, Uint32BufferAttribute, UniformArrayNode, UniformGroupNode, UniformNode, UnpackFloatNode, UnsignedByteType, UnsignedInt101111Type, UnsignedInt248Type, UnsignedInt5999Type, UnsignedIntType, UnsignedShort4444Type, UnsignedShort5551Type, UnsignedShortType, UserDataNode, VSMShadowMap, VarNode, VaryingNode, Vector2, Vector3, Vector4, VelocityNode, VertexColorNode, ViewportDepthNode, ViewportDepthTextureNode, ViewportSharedTextureNode, ViewportTextureNode, VolumeNodeMaterial, WGSLNodeBuilder, WebGLBackend, WebGLCapabilities, WebGLCoordinateSystem, WebGPUBackend, WebGPUCoordinateSystem, WebGPURenderer, WebXRController, WorkgroupInfoNode, ZeroFactor, ZeroStencilOp, createCanvasElement, defaultBuildStages, defaultShaderStages, error, log$1 as log, shaderStages, vectorComponents, warn, warnOnce };